0:00:23 > 0:00:24'He's Dr Chris.'
0:00:25 > 0:00:27'He's Dr Xand.'
0:00:27 > 0:00:29'And, yes, we're twins.'
0:00:30 > 0:00:33'Do you know how brilliant your body REALLY is?'
0:00:33 > 0:00:35I'm getting better.
0:00:35 > 0:00:36'Well, we're going to show you.'
0:00:36 > 0:00:38Ooh, there you go.
0:00:38 > 0:00:41'In this series we'll be pushing our bodies to their limits...'
0:00:41 > 0:00:43Hello?
0:00:43 > 0:00:45'..by doing extraordinary experiments on each other...'
0:00:45 > 0:00:47This is my sick.
0:00:47 > 0:00:50'..to uncover what goes on inside...'
0:00:50 > 0:00:52Ew! That just came out of my ear!
0:00:52 > 0:00:53'..and out.'
0:00:53 > 0:00:55Wow, that's amazing.
0:00:55 > 0:00:56'From the bizarre...'
0:00:56 > 0:00:59- Could we get a sample of your snot? - Oh!
0:00:59 > 0:01:01- '..to the incredible.' - So now I'm seeing things.
0:01:01 > 0:01:04'It's time to find out what you're made of.'
0:01:04 > 0:01:07Chris? Chris? Chris?
0:01:08 > 0:01:11- Coming up today on... BOTH:- ..Operation Ouch!
0:01:15 > 0:01:18We've got another awesome body trick for you to try.
0:01:18 > 0:01:20Now try and stand up.
0:01:20 > 0:01:22Oh, I'm stuck.
0:01:24 > 0:01:27And we're going to look back at some of our best bits from Ouch!
0:01:29 > 0:01:32'We show you what really happens when you sneeze.'
0:01:32 > 0:01:36Xand, I'm pretty sure that even as a doctor you won't know this either.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39'Then, create some germ art.'
0:01:39 > 0:01:41I don't know why everyone doesn't paint this way.
0:01:41 > 0:01:44And what's this woman going to do with this box?
0:01:44 > 0:01:45All will be revealed very soon.
0:01:47 > 0:01:49But first...
0:01:49 > 0:01:51Here's one of our favourite hospital cases.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54The team in Accident and Emergency thought they'd seen everything.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56And then Sam turned up.
0:01:58 > 0:02:01In Accident and Emergency is 15-year-old Sam, a budding boxer
0:02:01 > 0:02:04suffering with sharp pains in his stomach.
0:02:04 > 0:02:06I've had this pain for quite a few weeks.
0:02:06 > 0:02:08A stabby, fiery pain.
0:02:08 > 0:02:10That must've been quite a fight.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12Who delivered the killer punch? Amir Khan?!
0:02:12 > 0:02:16Nope, it didn't happen in a fight. It happened in his sleep.
0:02:16 > 0:02:17Right.
0:02:17 > 0:02:19It was night time and Sam was in bed.
0:02:19 > 0:02:22He was fast asleep, dreaming of boxing.
0:02:22 > 0:02:23That's why he's punching, then.
0:02:23 > 0:02:27Yes. But inside his stomach another battle was brewing.
0:02:27 > 0:02:28I can see what's coming.
0:02:28 > 0:02:31'In the red corner, we have the cramps.'
0:02:31 > 0:02:32They look tough.
0:02:32 > 0:02:35'And in the blue corner, it's the stabbing pains.'
0:02:35 > 0:02:36Nice goatee.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40This could be a close fight.
0:02:40 > 0:02:43It was, and it was making Sam pretty uncomfortable.
0:02:43 > 0:02:44He doesn't look too good.
0:02:44 > 0:02:48The longer the fight went on, the worse the pain got
0:02:48 > 0:02:50until it was too much and he woke up.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52Ouch! Off to hospital for Sam.
0:02:52 > 0:02:55I don't want it to get in the way of my next fight.
0:02:55 > 0:02:58Your next fight might have to wait, Sam.
0:02:58 > 0:03:01First, you've got to overcome the battle in your belly.
0:03:01 > 0:03:04Meet Dr Eni Folaranmi. He'll check our patient out.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07Does it hurt here?
0:03:07 > 0:03:11Or does it hurt here? So that's... This is one and this is two.
0:03:11 > 0:03:13- Two.- Two. OK.
0:03:13 > 0:03:16Number two, remember that. Bit of a clue.
0:03:17 > 0:03:20To find out what's going on, Dr Eni sends Sam for an X-ray.
0:03:21 > 0:03:24And, after a quick snapshot, the results are in.
0:03:24 > 0:03:28Looking at it, he's got lots of faeces, poo, in his colon.
0:03:28 > 0:03:30Poo?!
0:03:30 > 0:03:32And in his rectum.
0:03:32 > 0:03:34Yep, all these areas are full of poo.
0:03:34 > 0:03:39Sam is severely constipated so he really needs to go to the loo.
0:03:39 > 0:03:41- You're really bunged up. - And he doesn't mean your nose.
0:03:41 > 0:03:43You've got poo all over your colon.
0:03:43 > 0:03:46Your discomfort might be coming from the fact that you're constipated.
0:03:46 > 0:03:48I can't believe it's poo!
0:03:48 > 0:03:50You'd better believe it, Mum.
0:03:50 > 0:03:52In fact, constipation is one of the most common causes
0:03:52 > 0:03:54of a sore stomach.
0:03:54 > 0:03:56To get rid of the pain, we need to get rid of that poo.
0:03:56 > 0:04:00Time for the world champion of poo-fighting medicine - the enema.
0:04:02 > 0:04:05An enema flushes fluid into Sam's large intestine to soften up
0:04:05 > 0:04:08the blockage and help Sam have a heavyweight poo.
0:04:10 > 0:04:12Let's hope this gets things moving.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18Well, after a night in hospital, have we had any success?
0:04:18 > 0:04:19He managed to go to the toilet
0:04:19 > 0:04:22but the pain in his tummy is still very severe.
0:04:22 > 0:04:24I've been up most of the night.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26That stabbing and fiery pain came back.
0:04:26 > 0:04:29It looks like there'll be more treatment on the cards
0:04:29 > 0:04:33so we'll be back for round two of Sam versus the poo later on.
0:04:37 > 0:04:42And now to our lab, where we do incredible experiments...
0:04:42 > 0:04:43Urgh! Looks disgusting!
0:04:43 > 0:04:46..to show you how your body works.
0:04:46 > 0:04:49Just don't try anything you see here at home.
0:04:49 > 0:04:52I'm going to show you something about sneezing that you won't know.
0:04:52 > 0:04:54And, Xand, I'm pretty sure that even as a doctor,
0:04:54 > 0:04:56you won't know this either.
0:04:56 > 0:04:59'First of all' I need to Xand to sneeze.'
0:04:59 > 0:05:02So why don't you try rolling up the corner of this piece of tissue paper
0:05:02 > 0:05:04- and stick it in your nose.- Really?
0:05:09 > 0:05:11- HE SNEEZES - Oh!
0:05:11 > 0:05:13'Xand, cover your mouth!'
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Oh, I'm covered in spit. So what happened there?
0:05:16 > 0:05:17I put something up my nose
0:05:17 > 0:05:20and my body just blew it out cos it didn't like it.
0:05:20 > 0:05:21How does it clear your nose?
0:05:21 > 0:05:23Like, you sort of go, "pfffft", like that
0:05:23 > 0:05:25and just blow everything out your nose.
0:05:25 > 0:05:27- That's what you think happens?- Yes.
0:05:27 > 0:05:31This is really good. So even doctors honestly think this happens
0:05:31 > 0:05:33when you sneeze, and that is completely wrong.
0:05:33 > 0:05:36So you don't blow anything out your nose when you sneeze.
0:05:36 > 0:05:38Everything comes out your mouth.
0:05:38 > 0:05:42And we can prove it to you if you look at this video of me sneezing.
0:05:42 > 0:05:47'OK, here we go. I'm going...I'm going...I've gone!
0:05:47 > 0:05:49'That's all saliva that was in my mouth
0:05:49 > 0:05:52'but nothing is coming out of my nose.
0:05:52 > 0:05:56'It's only after I sneeze that my body will create mucus to
0:05:56 > 0:05:59'flush out whatever irritated my nose in the first place, and that's
0:05:59 > 0:06:01'when snot will come out of my nostrils.'
0:06:01 > 0:06:03So we've shown you that
0:06:03 > 0:06:06when you sneeze, the spray only comes out your mouth.
0:06:06 > 0:06:08But imagine if Chris had been ill when he sneezed.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11'Every single one of those droplets could have contained
0:06:11 > 0:06:14'disease-spreading germs, and that's why it's so important
0:06:14 > 0:06:17'to cover your mouth.'
0:06:17 > 0:06:20Now we're going to show you just how big and powerful a sneeze can be.
0:06:23 > 0:06:26'We're going to create our own work of art.
0:06:26 > 0:06:29'We'll both drink different coloured liquids then get a sneeze going
0:06:29 > 0:06:31'to create our masterpiece.
0:06:31 > 0:06:33'Get ready for germ art.'
0:06:36 > 0:06:38OK, so are you going to go first?
0:06:44 > 0:06:47THEY LAUGH
0:06:48 > 0:06:50That's really good.
0:06:50 > 0:06:52'Thanks.
0:06:52 > 0:06:54'Now you'll notice an amazing splatter effect and that's
0:06:54 > 0:06:57'all down to the speed our sneezes are travelling.
0:06:57 > 0:06:59'100km an hour to be precise.
0:06:59 > 0:07:03'And, remember, if we were ill, that would all be germs.'
0:07:03 > 0:07:06I really like what you've done there though, you've really...drawn...
0:07:06 > 0:07:08I've got the nose right.
0:07:10 > 0:07:12I don't know why everyone doesn't paint this way.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15'Now, with all this sneezing, look what's started to happen.'
0:07:15 > 0:07:20'Yep, snot. And that's the mucus our bodies have created to flush out
0:07:20 > 0:07:21'what was making us sneeze.'
0:07:21 > 0:07:24I hope we've painted for you a clear picture of why it's
0:07:24 > 0:07:26so important to cover your mouth when you sneeze.
0:07:26 > 0:07:28Use a tissue or do it into your elbow.
0:07:29 > 0:07:31You've got a little snot.
0:07:35 > 0:07:38We've got some incredible body tricks for you to show your friends.
0:07:38 > 0:07:41Want to find out how you can stop your mates
0:07:41 > 0:07:42from standing up straight?
0:07:42 > 0:07:44Well, we're going to show you.
0:07:44 > 0:07:48I have an amazing trick to show you. Who wants to see it?
0:07:48 > 0:07:49- ALL:- Me!
0:07:49 > 0:07:52Brilliant. OK. Chris, you ready?
0:07:52 > 0:07:53Yeah, really ready.
0:07:53 > 0:07:56- Right, what I want you to do is go and stand and face that wall.- OK.
0:07:56 > 0:08:00OK? Face the wall. Cross your arms across your chest.
0:08:00 > 0:08:03And then bend over so that your head's touching the wall.
0:08:03 > 0:08:07Brilliant. OK? And now, try and stand up again.
0:08:07 > 0:08:08That was rubbish. That was easy.
0:08:08 > 0:08:11Even these guys are going to be able to do that.
0:08:11 > 0:08:12- Chris, I haven't finished the trick. - Oh.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16OK. Bend down. Fold your arms. Bend over.
0:08:16 > 0:08:19Touch your head against the wall. And now just take one step back...
0:08:21 > 0:08:22Now try and stand up.
0:08:22 > 0:08:24Oh, I'm stuck.
0:08:24 > 0:08:27Because I moved my feet back, I just can't stand up at all.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33- Who thinks they can do a better job than Chris?- Me.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35Oh, you all think you can do it, can you?
0:08:35 > 0:08:36- ALL:- Yes!
0:08:36 > 0:08:39- 'Let's see, shall we?' - One, two, three, go.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42'Epic fail.'
0:08:42 > 0:08:44- Come on! - 'She can't do it.'
0:08:46 > 0:08:47Right.
0:08:47 > 0:08:50'Neither can he! Good effort, though.'
0:08:51 > 0:08:52'Nearly.'
0:08:56 > 0:09:00'So why is it that no-one can simply stand up straight?
0:09:00 > 0:09:02'Even I can't do it and it was my idea.'
0:09:03 > 0:09:07Who can tell me why it was so difficult to do? Jessica.
0:09:07 > 0:09:10Cos when you're bending and you take a step back,
0:09:10 > 0:09:12like, there's less weight here and because you're
0:09:12 > 0:09:15leaning on the wall, like, more of your weight goes over there.
0:09:15 > 0:09:19Lovely. Who else has got a nice explanation, then? Ella?
0:09:19 > 0:09:22It's hard as well because you're leaning back on your tiptoes
0:09:22 > 0:09:26and your muscles are stretched and you can't really stand up
0:09:26 > 0:09:29while your muscles are that stretched when you're bending down.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32'Well, Jessica and Ella are both right in a way.
0:09:32 > 0:09:34'Look at Chris.
0:09:34 > 0:09:37'When he first bends over, all his weight is in his feet
0:09:37 > 0:09:39'and he can straighten up easily.
0:09:39 > 0:09:43'But when he takes a step back, his centre of gravity shifts
0:09:43 > 0:09:45'and some of the weight moves to his head.
0:09:45 > 0:09:47'This means his tummy muscles
0:09:47 > 0:09:49'aren't strong enough to straighten himself up.'
0:09:49 > 0:09:51Chris is still stuck. Shall we let him up?
0:09:51 > 0:09:52- ALL:- No!
0:09:52 > 0:09:54Xand!
0:09:54 > 0:09:55I've got a much better idea.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00Why don't we just use Chris as a nice new book shelf?
0:10:00 > 0:10:02Oh! I can't even read the books.
0:10:02 > 0:10:07That's brilliant. If anyone needs a book, they're over there.
0:10:07 > 0:10:09This is really embarrassing.
0:10:12 > 0:10:15Earlier, we saw Sam in Accident and Emergency.
0:10:15 > 0:10:17I wonder if he's had a poo?
0:10:17 > 0:10:20Mm. Let's find out.
0:10:20 > 0:10:23Back in Manchester, budding boxer Sam is in hospital
0:10:23 > 0:10:25with a troublesome tummy.
0:10:25 > 0:10:28He'd been fast asleep, dreaming of a boxing victory.
0:10:28 > 0:10:29Watch out for his fists.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32But a battle was brewing in his belly.
0:10:32 > 0:10:33I wouldn't mess with them.
0:10:33 > 0:10:35As the stabbing pains took hold,
0:10:35 > 0:10:37Sam woke up with a seriously sore stomach.
0:10:37 > 0:10:41X-rays revealed Sam was severely constipated -
0:10:41 > 0:10:42basically needed a big poo.
0:10:42 > 0:10:46He's managed to have one but a second X-ray shows there's
0:10:46 > 0:10:49still plenty of poo to come out.
0:10:49 > 0:10:51They've cleared the left side
0:10:51 > 0:10:53but now there's a load of poo on the right side.
0:10:53 > 0:10:55Enter Dr Alex Turner,
0:10:55 > 0:10:58a man with a plan to banish that blockage for good.
0:10:58 > 0:11:01I'm just going to insert a nasogastric tube.
0:11:01 > 0:11:05So that's a tube that's going to pass down the nose
0:11:05 > 0:11:09and into the stomach so we can administer a special medicine.
0:11:09 > 0:11:12This tube means the medicine can get straight to the poo,
0:11:12 > 0:11:15soften it up and hopefully help Sam go to the loo.
0:11:15 > 0:11:18So, with the medicine making its way to the pile-up,
0:11:18 > 0:11:20there's only one thing left to do - wait.
0:11:21 > 0:11:23Any luck?
0:11:23 > 0:11:24No so much as a sniff.
0:11:26 > 0:11:27Any joy?
0:11:27 > 0:11:29No, I think we might be here a while.
0:11:29 > 0:11:32Come on, Sam! Still nothing?
0:11:32 > 0:11:35- Nope. - How many times has he tried to go?
0:11:35 > 0:11:37I've lost count.
0:11:37 > 0:11:40Several toilet trips later, do we have a result?
0:11:40 > 0:11:42Thank goodness for that.
0:11:42 > 0:11:43Hooray! It's a knockout.
0:11:43 > 0:11:47The poo has come at last. The big poo!
0:11:47 > 0:11:51I feel great. Finally it's... The poo's just come out.
0:11:51 > 0:11:53I bet you do. It was one big blockage.
0:11:53 > 0:11:55Got to really watch now what Sam eats.
0:11:55 > 0:11:58I mean, like, he's got to cut down on his sweets and, you know,
0:11:58 > 0:12:02the fizzy pop that he drinks. Pizzas, burgers, cheeseburgers.
0:12:02 > 0:12:04Yep, and drink plenty of water.
0:12:04 > 0:12:06So, remember, if you want to do do-do,
0:12:06 > 0:12:08don't, don't, don't eat too much junk.
0:12:08 > 0:12:11I just can't wait to get back to boxing.
0:12:16 > 0:12:20Still to come, something scratches the unluckiest kid's eye, but
0:12:20 > 0:12:23don't worry, we'll show you how your body deals with it.
0:12:23 > 0:12:28Things get nippy when I enter a room colder than anywhere on Earth.
0:12:28 > 0:12:30- What's it going to feel like?- Chilly.
0:12:30 > 0:12:32HE LAUGHS
0:12:32 > 0:12:36And Ryan comes into Accident and Emergency to get fixed after
0:12:36 > 0:12:38an unusual accident.
0:12:38 > 0:12:40Hope I didn't, like, fracture anything.
0:12:40 > 0:12:42I want to get back to playing cricket.
0:12:45 > 0:12:49Now, did you know there are up to 400 joints in your body?
0:12:49 > 0:12:53They sit between your bones and without them you'd only be
0:12:53 > 0:12:55able to move your eyebrows and your tongue.
0:12:55 > 0:12:59That's amazing! And so's this.
0:12:59 > 0:13:01An ordinary warehouse, full of boxes.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03I can see that, Chris.
0:13:03 > 0:13:06And this is a clear, plastic box.
0:13:06 > 0:13:07Again, I can see that.
0:13:07 > 0:13:10But what's it doing here? And who's this?
0:13:10 > 0:13:13You'll see. She's hiding an amazing body skill.
0:13:13 > 0:13:15She's very bendy.
0:13:15 > 0:13:19She is indeed and you're about to find out what she can do.
0:13:19 > 0:13:22Now, you'll notice she's a lot bigger than that box.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25Ooh... Is she going to...? No, she's not, is she?
0:13:25 > 0:13:26Yes, she is.
0:13:27 > 0:13:31This is Delia Du Sol and she's a contortionist -
0:13:31 > 0:13:34a professional acrobatic performer who's trained herself to fit
0:13:34 > 0:13:37into unbelievably small spaces.
0:13:38 > 0:13:42So how does Delia's amazing body do this?
0:13:42 > 0:13:46Well, inside Delia's limbs, she has super stretchy ligaments.
0:13:46 > 0:13:49That's the soft tissue that holds our bones together.
0:13:49 > 0:13:52Although she was born this way, Delia trains hard every day
0:13:52 > 0:13:55to make sure her ligaments remains flexible.
0:13:55 > 0:13:57But this isn't something to try at home.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00It's fine to practise flexible moves at home
0:14:00 > 0:14:05but I wouldn't recommend squeezing yourself into small spaces.
0:14:05 > 0:14:08That's because if you get it wrong, you can get stuck
0:14:08 > 0:14:10and seriously injure yourself.
0:14:10 > 0:14:12In fact, there are very few people in the world
0:14:12 > 0:14:14able to bend their bodies this way.
0:14:14 > 0:14:17And it takes years of training and practice
0:14:17 > 0:14:19to achieve a body skill like this.
0:14:19 > 0:14:21Now that's amazing!
0:14:24 > 0:14:27We're in the park - the perfect place to spend an afternoon.
0:14:27 > 0:14:29Whether you're sitting, having a picnic...
0:14:31 > 0:14:32..walking with friends...
0:14:34 > 0:14:37..or playing football.
0:14:37 > 0:14:39- ALL:- Oi!
0:14:39 > 0:14:40Sorry!
0:14:40 > 0:14:44But a day in the park can also be a day of danger.
0:14:46 > 0:14:49You could fall asleep without sun cream and get sun burnt.
0:14:49 > 0:14:51'Ooh, dangerous.'
0:14:51 > 0:14:53Ow!
0:14:53 > 0:14:56You could get lost and stumble into a forest full of hungry bears?
0:14:56 > 0:14:58ROAR!
0:14:58 > 0:14:59Ah...
0:14:59 > 0:15:01Phew, danger averted.
0:15:01 > 0:15:04Or you could accidentally forget your money for ice cream
0:15:04 > 0:15:07and have to watch other people enjoying theirs.
0:15:10 > 0:15:12Shall we play football, then?
0:15:12 > 0:15:15Yeah, all right, let's do penalties.
0:15:15 > 0:15:18Ooh, hang on, I have got some money after all.
0:15:18 > 0:15:19I'll race you to the ice cream van.
0:15:21 > 0:15:22Ow!
0:15:28 > 0:15:31Ooh! A minor injury.
0:15:34 > 0:15:37So what should you do if you sprain your ankle?
0:15:37 > 0:15:42A - roll around on the grass crying, "I'll never compete again?"
0:15:42 > 0:15:43B - apply something cold to the injury
0:15:43 > 0:15:46for no longer than ten minutes?
0:15:46 > 0:15:50Or C - buy the Ankle De-sprainer 2000 and...hope it works?
0:15:55 > 0:15:57The correct answer is B.
0:15:57 > 0:16:00We need to reduce the pain and the swelling with a cold compress.
0:16:00 > 0:16:01How's that, Xand?
0:16:01 > 0:16:04Well, it's better but I'm still not happy.
0:16:04 > 0:16:07I know something that'll cheer you up. Come with me.
0:16:07 > 0:16:10Aah.
0:16:11 > 0:16:13Oh!
0:16:13 > 0:16:14My ice cream!
0:16:14 > 0:16:16My clothes! Hey!
0:16:21 > 0:16:25'So, remember, if you sprain your ankle then put something cold on it
0:16:25 > 0:16:30'for no longer than ten minutes and if you're worried, tell an adult.
0:16:30 > 0:16:32'In fact, lots of injuries can be helped
0:16:32 > 0:16:34'by putting something cold on them.
0:16:34 > 0:16:38'It's particularly useful for sprains, strains and pulled muscles.
0:16:38 > 0:16:41'This is because it reduces inflammation, stops swelling
0:16:41 > 0:16:42'and can help with pain.
0:16:42 > 0:16:44'So don't forget this cool fact.
0:16:44 > 0:16:46'Nice one, Xand.'
0:16:50 > 0:16:53When you get injured, your body is brilliant at mending itself.
0:16:53 > 0:16:57This next boy should know. He's always having accidents.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00# If there's a bone to break he'll break it
0:17:00 > 0:17:02# If there's a knee to graze he'll graze it
0:17:02 > 0:17:05# If there's an ankle to sprain he'll sprain it
0:17:05 > 0:17:07# He's the unluckiest kid. #
0:17:11 > 0:17:15Your eyelashes and eyelids protect your eyeballs but sometimes
0:17:15 > 0:17:20little things can blow into your eye and can scratch the surface.
0:17:20 > 0:17:23Immediately, the area around your eye gets to work.
0:17:23 > 0:17:27The tear ducts open up and tears rush in to flush out the debris.
0:17:27 > 0:17:30And your eye blinks furiously, spreading the liquid about.
0:17:30 > 0:17:34Then, your body injects something called lysozyme into your tears.
0:17:34 > 0:17:38This acts like a disinfectant to keep infection out.
0:17:38 > 0:17:42The offending article is usually pushed out.
0:17:42 > 0:17:46And then your eye gets on with mending the scratch left behind.
0:17:46 > 0:17:49Fresh cells fill up the injury and, in just 24 hours,
0:17:49 > 0:17:51your eye's left as good as new.
0:17:54 > 0:17:56BOTH: Oh, dear.
0:17:56 > 0:17:58# He's the unluckiest kid. #
0:18:00 > 0:18:02What is the body's largest organ?
0:18:03 > 0:18:05Is it A - your heart?
0:18:05 > 0:18:08B - your lungs? Or C - your skin?
0:18:08 > 0:18:10The answer is C - your skin.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14And when you're cold, it gets covered in goose bumps, but why?
0:18:14 > 0:18:17Sounds like a case for Investigation Ouch!
0:18:19 > 0:18:23Behind this glass it's colder than the freezer in your kitchen.
0:18:23 > 0:18:25It's actually colder than the North Pole.
0:18:25 > 0:18:29In fact, it's colder in here than the coldest place on Earth.
0:18:29 > 0:18:31That's Antarctica.
0:18:31 > 0:18:36This is called a cryogenic chamber and I'm about to get inside.
0:18:36 > 0:18:39That actually sounds like a terrible idea.
0:18:42 > 0:18:46A cryogenic chamber is a freezing cold room used to treat
0:18:46 > 0:18:49common health conditions and help top athletes recover from injury,
0:18:49 > 0:18:52helping to repair their muscles.
0:18:52 > 0:18:56But today, I'm using it to find out how our bodies react
0:18:56 > 0:18:57in extreme cold.
0:18:57 > 0:18:59That room is minus 60 degrees
0:18:59 > 0:19:04and the room behind me is minus 135 degrees.
0:19:04 > 0:19:08That's five times colder than the coldest day ever recorded in the UK.
0:19:08 > 0:19:10- What's it going to feel like?- Chilly.
0:19:10 > 0:19:13HE LAUGHS
0:19:13 > 0:19:17This is Renata Zejer and she'll be monitoring me to keep me safe
0:19:17 > 0:19:19when I'm in the cryogenic chamber.
0:19:19 > 0:19:22So clearly I'm going to need a very warm coat to go in there.
0:19:22 > 0:19:26No, just very, very small clothes. Not very warm clothes.
0:19:26 > 0:19:29- This is it? This is all I get? - This is only that.
0:19:29 > 0:19:31Perfect. What do I mean perfect?
0:19:31 > 0:19:34This doesn't look like nearly enough clothes.
0:19:34 > 0:19:37I might be cold but at least I'm going to look stylish.
0:19:37 > 0:19:44'Headband, vest, shorts, two pairs of socks, clogs, face mask, gloves.'
0:19:44 > 0:19:46I told you I'd be looking good.
0:19:46 > 0:19:50So I've got James with me filming but James can't come in with
0:19:50 > 0:19:52that camera so I've got a special camera with me
0:19:52 > 0:19:56which I can take in there. So I'm not going alone - you're coming with me.
0:19:56 > 0:19:57Here we go.
0:19:57 > 0:20:01'And it'll be so cold in there that I need the face mask to stop my
0:20:01 > 0:20:03'snot and saliva from freezing!'
0:20:05 > 0:20:06Whoa!
0:20:08 > 0:20:11Oh! OK.
0:20:11 > 0:20:12It's very...
0:20:12 > 0:20:15It is very cold but it's quite manageable because it's very dry.
0:20:15 > 0:20:18It's also very... It's almost sort of foggy in here.
0:20:18 > 0:20:21So the room I'm in at the moment is as cold as the coldest
0:20:21 > 0:20:22temperature ever recorded on Earth.
0:20:22 > 0:20:26'But this room is just preparing my body for the next room,
0:20:26 > 0:20:28'which is twice as cold.
0:20:28 > 0:20:31'Minus 135 here I come!'
0:20:31 > 0:20:34Oh! OK. Um...
0:20:34 > 0:20:38'It's so cold in here that I can only stay in for three minutes and
0:20:38 > 0:20:41'Renata will be monitoring me the whole time to make sure I'm safe.'
0:20:41 > 0:20:44It's very hard to describe quite how cold this is.
0:20:44 > 0:20:49The closer I get to the floor... Whoa! Whoa! Whoa!
0:20:49 > 0:20:51This is now very, very, very cold.
0:20:51 > 0:20:54It's very hard to think, it's so cold, actually.
0:20:54 > 0:20:58'The shock to my body is making it hard to control my breathing.'
0:20:58 > 0:21:00I'm getting goose bumps all over my arm and you can see
0:21:00 > 0:21:04every single hair on my arm is standing straight up
0:21:04 > 0:21:07and the reason that's happening is that
0:21:07 > 0:21:12my body is trying to trap a layer of air, very close to my skin and...
0:21:12 > 0:21:15er...I'm shaking a lot.
0:21:15 > 0:21:18'Shivering like this is my body getting my muscles moving to
0:21:18 > 0:21:20'generate heat and keep me warm.'
0:21:21 > 0:21:25As my hand gets cold you can see all the blood goes out of my skin
0:21:25 > 0:21:28and now my fingertips are going absolutely white.
0:21:28 > 0:21:30Very, very cold indeed.
0:21:30 > 0:21:34'That's because as my body gets colder it's making a choice.
0:21:34 > 0:21:37'It's taking the blood away from the parts of my body it can do
0:21:37 > 0:21:40'without, like my fingers and toes, and putting it into the centre of
0:21:40 > 0:21:44'my body to keep vital organs like my heart and brain alive.'
0:21:45 > 0:21:48I'm now coming up to almost three minutes.
0:21:48 > 0:21:50I will be very pleased to come out.
0:21:52 > 0:21:54Whoa! Oh!
0:21:59 > 0:22:02That's so much better. This is like walking into an oven.
0:22:02 > 0:22:05'But when you're cold you get goose bumps and that's your skin
0:22:05 > 0:22:08'trying to trap a layer of warm air around your body.'
0:22:08 > 0:22:11So what you can see from that is how important your skin is
0:22:11 > 0:22:13in regulating your body temperature.
0:22:13 > 0:22:16'And when you get extremely cold, your body starts making choices
0:22:16 > 0:22:19'about what it wants to keep going.'
0:22:19 > 0:22:21Very, very, very quickly, my body takes the warm blood
0:22:21 > 0:22:24from my skin, brings it into the middle of my body to keep
0:22:24 > 0:22:27my organs warm, my brain going - all of these things.
0:22:27 > 0:22:30When I come out into the warm, my body immediately releases
0:22:30 > 0:22:33that blood and you see it all going to my skin.
0:22:33 > 0:22:35'And there's a very good reason
0:22:35 > 0:22:37'why our bodies react like this in the cold.'
0:22:37 > 0:22:40If my core body temperature - that's the temperature in the middle
0:22:40 > 0:22:43of my body - had dropped by even four degrees it could've been fatal.
0:22:43 > 0:22:46What's so interesting about being in a room that cold
0:22:46 > 0:22:50is that you can see all the incredible things your body does
0:22:50 > 0:22:52to keep you at exactly the right temperature.
0:22:56 > 0:22:59It's time to meet our next patient.
0:22:59 > 0:23:01Let's see how the team deals with this.
0:23:01 > 0:23:04SIREN WAILS
0:23:06 > 0:23:09In Manchester, 12-year-old Ryan has come in by ambulance with
0:23:09 > 0:23:14a nasty neck injury after an attempt to jump like James Bond went wrong.
0:23:14 > 0:23:17It was, like, a karate kick. I thought I broke my neck but
0:23:17 > 0:23:20if I broke my neck I would've been, like, dead.
0:23:20 > 0:23:21Well, luckily you're not.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24But I'm not sure he'll be the next 007 either.
0:23:24 > 0:23:25So how did this happen?
0:23:25 > 0:23:28MUSIC: James Bond Theme
0:23:28 > 0:23:30It was just another ordinary day at school.
0:23:30 > 0:23:33It was lunchtime, and Ryan, being a secret agent,
0:23:33 > 0:23:35was on a top-secret mission.
0:23:35 > 0:23:36He's a secret agent?
0:23:36 > 0:23:39OK, he was pretending to be a secret agent.
0:23:39 > 0:23:40Cool, calm and collected,
0:23:40 > 0:23:43Double-O-Ryan stepped from the shadows.
0:23:45 > 0:23:49In one swift movement, he unleashed his killer karate kick...
0:23:49 > 0:23:53When, suddenly, his mate grabbed his foot and Ryan dropped on his head.
0:23:53 > 0:23:55Ouch!
0:23:55 > 0:23:58After such a serious accident, Ryan is on a fixed board
0:23:58 > 0:24:01with support pads to prevent his neck and spine from moving.
0:24:04 > 0:24:06Enter Dr Craig Ferguson.
0:24:06 > 0:24:08He'll check out our wannabe 007.
0:24:08 > 0:24:11- Any pain in your back or is it just your neck?- My neck.
0:24:11 > 0:24:13Head injuries and neck injuries are common.
0:24:13 > 0:24:15The James Bond theme is less common.
0:24:15 > 0:24:18But he's got neck pain so we have to take it seriously.
0:24:18 > 0:24:21Dr Craig needs to find out if Ryan has broken any bones
0:24:21 > 0:24:24but to do that, the team have to move him in a special way -
0:24:24 > 0:24:27keeping his head and body in line.
0:24:27 > 0:24:31That's because the bones in your neck and back protect the important
0:24:31 > 0:24:35nerves that run from the brain into the body through your spinal cord.
0:24:35 > 0:24:37And can we touch all the way down?
0:24:37 > 0:24:39It's not sore anywhere, is that right, Ryan?
0:24:39 > 0:24:42I want to get some X-rays to make sure the bones are intact.
0:24:42 > 0:24:44If the bones are intact it means that it's much less likely
0:24:44 > 0:24:47that he's suffered any nerve injury.
0:24:47 > 0:24:49Fingers crossed. Get ready for your close-up, Ryan.
0:24:52 > 0:24:55There are seven small bones in the neck and getting shots
0:24:55 > 0:24:58of them all can be tricky. First, his teeth are in the way.
0:24:58 > 0:25:00I suppose they could take them all out.
0:25:00 > 0:25:03What we're going to ask you to do is open your mouth a little bit for us.
0:25:03 > 0:25:06Yeah, that's probably a better idea.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10With his mouth open, the X-ray can see the bones in his neck.
0:25:10 > 0:25:12OK, as wide as you can. Wide as you can.
0:25:12 > 0:25:15That's it, brilliant. And relax your mouth again.
0:25:15 > 0:25:17And now, his shoulders are in the way.
0:25:17 > 0:25:18They could cut them off.
0:25:18 > 0:25:21Pull down so you feel like you're trying to touch your toes.
0:25:21 > 0:25:23Yeah, that's probably better.
0:25:23 > 0:25:25Keep pulling down to your toes.
0:25:26 > 0:25:28Lovely. And relax.
0:25:28 > 0:25:29Yeah, that's brilliant.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31I hope I didn't, like, fracture anything.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34I want to get back to playing cricket.
0:25:34 > 0:25:36OK, let's just check out your X-rays first,
0:25:36 > 0:25:38then you can get on with winning the Ashes.
0:25:38 > 0:25:41I'm making sure the bones are aligned and I'm making sure
0:25:41 > 0:25:44there's no breaks in any of the bones I can see.
0:25:44 > 0:25:46I think there might be good news for Ryan.
0:25:46 > 0:25:48Ryan, I've had a look at all your pictures.
0:25:48 > 0:25:51They all look fine. I don't see any broken bones or...
0:25:51 > 0:25:53Everything looks where it's supposed to be
0:25:53 > 0:25:55so I think you're going to be a bit stiff and sore for the next few days
0:25:55 > 0:25:58but I think it's going to gradually get a bit better after that.
0:25:58 > 0:26:00It's been a lucky escape for Ryan.
0:26:00 > 0:26:03It feels like a relief because I don't want to break my neck.
0:26:03 > 0:26:05Who would?
0:26:05 > 0:26:06You can go back to school tomorrow
0:26:06 > 0:26:08- but no more James Bond moves, please.- Mm.- OK.
0:26:08 > 0:26:14MUSIC: James Bond Theme
0:26:21 > 0:26:24'On this series, of Operation Ouch!
0:26:24 > 0:26:28'we've been on a medical mission to show you how your body works.'
0:26:28 > 0:26:30- You look really funny. - You look funny.
0:26:30 > 0:26:32'We've had operations.'
0:26:32 > 0:26:34This is really satisfying, watching this.
0:26:34 > 0:26:36I'm really, really enjoying this.
0:26:36 > 0:26:38'We've seen stitches and glue...
0:26:39 > 0:26:42'..and some pretty unusual things.'
0:26:42 > 0:26:44There you go, out it comes.
0:26:44 > 0:26:47That was in my nose.
0:26:47 > 0:26:49'We've been on investigations...'
0:26:49 > 0:26:53We've got to get the blood where it's needed as quickly as possible.
0:26:54 > 0:26:56I really don't like it in here.
0:26:56 > 0:26:58- We want a sample of your snot. - What?!
0:26:58 > 0:27:00Ooh, there's a couple of nice ones on there.
0:27:00 > 0:27:03'..and we've pushed ourselves to the limit...'
0:27:03 > 0:27:05Now it is quite painful. It stings.
0:27:05 > 0:27:07Xand said he'd do this.
0:27:07 > 0:27:09Ooh, that just came out of my ear!
0:27:09 > 0:27:13'..to show you just how amazing your body really is.'
0:27:13 > 0:27:15Look at this. Wow!
0:27:15 > 0:27:18Whoa, that's really good. Whoa!
0:27:18 > 0:27:21Three, two, one...
0:27:23 > 0:27:26THEY LAUGH
0:27:26 > 0:27:27So look after yourself.
0:27:27 > 0:27:30And that brilliant body of yours. Bye!
0:27:37 > 0:27:40Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd