0:00:23 > 0:00:25He's Dr Chris.
0:00:25 > 0:00:27And he's Dr Xand.
0:00:28 > 0:00:29And, yes, we're twins.
0:00:30 > 0:00:33Do you know how brilliant your body really is?
0:00:33 > 0:00:34I'm getting better.
0:00:34 > 0:00:36Well, we're going to show you.
0:00:36 > 0:00:38Oh, there you go.
0:00:38 > 0:00:42In this series, we'll be pushing our bodies to their limits...
0:00:42 > 0:00:43Hello?
0:00:43 > 0:00:46..by doing extraordinary experiments on each other.
0:00:46 > 0:00:47This is my sick.
0:00:47 > 0:00:49To uncover what goes on inside...
0:00:49 > 0:00:51Here we go. Yum, yum, yum.
0:00:51 > 0:00:53..and out.
0:00:53 > 0:00:55Ewww! That just came out of my ear.
0:00:55 > 0:00:56From the bizarre...
0:00:56 > 0:00:59- Could we get a sample of your snot? - Oh!
0:00:59 > 0:01:00..to the incredible.
0:01:00 > 0:01:02So now I'm seeing things.
0:01:02 > 0:01:04It's time to find out what you're made of.
0:01:04 > 0:01:08Chris? Chris? Chris?
0:01:08 > 0:01:11- Coming up... BOTH:- ..on operation ouch.
0:01:13 > 0:01:15We take a closer look at our peepers.
0:01:15 > 0:01:17Wow, that's amazing.
0:01:18 > 0:01:20Chris finds out why too much fat is bad.
0:01:20 > 0:01:23This yellow stuff is from my tummy.
0:01:23 > 0:01:26And why is this guy pulling this face?
0:01:26 > 0:01:28All will be revealed, but first...
0:01:30 > 0:01:32Medical teams always expect the unexpected.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34But no-one was expecting this.
0:01:37 > 0:01:39In accident and emergency, ten-year-old Iman
0:01:39 > 0:01:43has come in hobbling with, well, he's not quite sure.
0:01:43 > 0:01:47I had this rash yesterday that made all my hands
0:01:47 > 0:01:51and my legs swell up, and now it's spread for some reason.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54Ooh, it's looks serious, but nice socks.
0:01:54 > 0:01:55Has this ever happened before?
0:01:55 > 0:01:58No, first time. First time.
0:01:58 > 0:01:59This is the first time.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02Ah, OK. First time, got it. So, how did it start?
0:02:05 > 0:02:07Iman was at school in art class.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12- Oh, nice sculpture, Iman. - Really nice.
0:02:12 > 0:02:14He's got a real talent.
0:02:14 > 0:02:16Anyway, just as he was adding the final touches to his
0:02:16 > 0:02:20masterpiece, he looked down to see his hand swelling up.
0:02:20 > 0:02:23Oh-oh. This doesn't look good.
0:02:23 > 0:02:25And it didn't stop there.
0:02:25 > 0:02:27It turned into a rash that spread around his body and his
0:02:27 > 0:02:29joints became swollen and sore.
0:02:31 > 0:02:32Ouch!
0:02:32 > 0:02:36The rash has now spread and it's hurting all
0:02:36 > 0:02:42the joints on my body like my legs and my ankles and my elbows,
0:02:42 > 0:02:44my back and the back of my head as well,
0:02:44 > 0:02:46but not really my shoulders.
0:02:46 > 0:02:47Well, that's something.
0:02:47 > 0:02:51But with a mystery illness at large, Iman's mum and brother have brought
0:02:51 > 0:02:53him to hospital to find out what could be causing
0:02:53 > 0:02:54his strange symptoms.
0:02:56 > 0:02:58This needs to be looked at urgently.
0:02:58 > 0:03:00Enter Dr Morag Turnbull.
0:03:01 > 0:03:03Nope, she's not playing a tune on his tummy.
0:03:03 > 0:03:06She's giving him a thorough examination.
0:03:06 > 0:03:08- Ow, that hurts. - That hurts. Sorry, sweetheart.
0:03:08 > 0:03:10I'm really not trying to hurt you.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13- That hurts as well.- Gosh, it just hurts everywhere, doesn't it?- Yeah.
0:03:13 > 0:03:17I think what he's got is something that we call HSP, OK?
0:03:17 > 0:03:20It stands for henoch-schonlein purpura.
0:03:20 > 0:03:22So go on then, Doc, tell us more about it.
0:03:22 > 0:03:25What it is, is it's like an inflammation of the blood vessels.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27It's something called vasculitis.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30You can get this condition after a virus and the inflamed blood
0:03:30 > 0:03:33vessels can cause a bruise-like rash and swollen joints,
0:03:33 > 0:03:36which can be painful and make it hard to walk.
0:03:39 > 0:03:41Ow, ow, ow, ow!
0:03:41 > 0:03:42His joints are obviously very painful.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45He's not really able to stand, so he's going to need to stay
0:03:45 > 0:03:49in hospital until we can get on top of his pain a bit better for him.
0:03:49 > 0:03:52Later on, the doctors start to worry that Iman may have something
0:03:52 > 0:03:53much more serious.
0:03:53 > 0:03:56I think there's a small chance we're dealing with meningitis
0:03:56 > 0:04:00because that rash can look like that as well.
0:04:00 > 0:04:02So, we'll see how Iman gets on soon.
0:04:07 > 0:04:11And now to our lab, where we do incredible experiments...
0:04:11 > 0:04:13Oh, it's disgusting.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15..to show you how your body works.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18It's not pretty to look at, but it is brilliant stuff.
0:04:18 > 0:04:20Just don't try anything you see here at home.
0:04:20 > 0:04:23Today, it's all about our peepers.
0:04:23 > 0:04:26- Your eyes are amazing. - Ooh, thank you, Chris.
0:04:26 > 0:04:28Actually, a lot of people have told me that my...
0:04:28 > 0:04:30Not YOUR eyes, everyone else's eyes.
0:04:30 > 0:04:35In fact, your eyes can move over a 100,000 times in a single day.
0:04:35 > 0:04:39Now, we know that our eyes come in all sorts of different colours,
0:04:39 > 0:04:41but if I look into Chris's eyes...
0:04:41 > 0:04:43Stop that.
0:04:43 > 0:04:44If I look into Chris's eyes,
0:04:44 > 0:04:48all I can really see is the coloured bit, the iris and the black
0:04:48 > 0:04:51hole in the middle the pupil, but there's a lot more going on.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54It's time to delve a little deeper.
0:04:55 > 0:04:58This is my digital opthalmoscopic slit lamp.
0:04:58 > 0:05:00It's Chris' eye camera.
0:05:00 > 0:05:05This will let us look at Xand's eye super close up.
0:05:05 > 0:05:09Wow, that's amazing. So, this is Xand's eye.
0:05:09 > 0:05:12Now, the coloured bit of the eye here is called the iris
0:05:12 > 0:05:15and the colour of the iris depends on the amount of pigment in it.
0:05:15 > 0:05:18Xand's got a brown iris, which means he's got lots of pigment
0:05:18 > 0:05:21and people with less pigment have blue or green,
0:05:21 > 0:05:22lighter coloured eyes.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25And the iris is a ring of muscle surrounding the pupil,
0:05:25 > 0:05:28and the pupil's black, because it's a hole going right
0:05:28 > 0:05:30through to the back of Xand's eyeball.
0:05:31 > 0:05:35Your iris and pupil work together to help you see and to show you how,
0:05:35 > 0:05:37Chris is going to use this torch,
0:05:37 > 0:05:40which is specially made for looking at eyes.
0:05:40 > 0:05:43I'm going to shine it into Xand's eye and you'll see his eye
0:05:43 > 0:05:47will detect the extra light and contract the pupil.
0:05:47 > 0:05:48When I take it away, there's less light
0:05:48 > 0:05:50and the pupil gets bigger again.
0:05:50 > 0:05:53This is what happens when you go to a dark place like a cinema.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56Your iris opens your pupil right up to let in as much
0:05:56 > 0:05:59light as possible so that you can see, but if you go to a bright
0:05:59 > 0:06:03place, like a sunny beach, your iris closes your pupil right down
0:06:03 > 0:06:06to let in less light, because you don't need all that light to see.
0:06:06 > 0:06:08Now, I want to show you even more about the eye,
0:06:08 > 0:06:12but the only way I can do that is by taking one out and chopping it up.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14Wooh!
0:06:14 > 0:06:17Don't worry, Xand, I'm not going to chop up YOUR eyes.
0:06:17 > 0:06:20I got some from the butchers to help us with our experiment.
0:06:20 > 0:06:22- This is a pig's eyeball. - W-w-w-wait.
0:06:26 > 0:06:28What do you call a pig with no eyes?
0:06:28 > 0:06:30Pg.
0:06:32 > 0:06:34That's really bad.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37Now, this pg's eyeballs are very similar to human eyeballs
0:06:37 > 0:06:40and to show you what's going on inside, we're going to cut one open.
0:06:40 > 0:06:42Obviously, we're trained up to do this.
0:06:42 > 0:06:45We need to get the lens out because it does something really brilliant.
0:06:45 > 0:06:46Oh, there you go. Look at that.
0:06:46 > 0:06:48That went really well.
0:06:48 > 0:06:51Now the lens receives all the images and sends them to the retina.
0:06:51 > 0:06:53And the retina completely covers the back of the eye,
0:06:53 > 0:06:56so it's a bit like the sensor in a digital camera.
0:06:56 > 0:06:57It captures the image
0:06:57 > 0:07:00and then sends the information to the brain for processing.
0:07:00 > 0:07:03But, just to make things a little more complicated,
0:07:03 > 0:07:06when the image lands on the retina it's upside down.
0:07:06 > 0:07:10And that's because light rays bounce off everything you're looking at,
0:07:10 > 0:07:12travelling in straight lines.
0:07:12 > 0:07:17But your lens is curved, so you can focus on different objects.
0:07:17 > 0:07:20When the straight lines hit the curved lens, they bend and
0:07:20 > 0:07:22the image hits your retina upside down.
0:07:24 > 0:07:25And we can prove it.
0:07:25 > 0:07:26I've taken the lens out of this eyeball.
0:07:26 > 0:07:29I want you to look through it and tell me what you can see.
0:07:29 > 0:07:30Yeah, you're upside down.
0:07:32 > 0:07:35Now we appear to be upside down and this is what's
0:07:35 > 0:07:39happening inside your eye, but if the retina receives the information
0:07:39 > 0:07:43upside down, why aren't we seeing the whole world upside down?
0:07:43 > 0:07:46Well, the answer is that when your brain receives the upside down
0:07:46 > 0:07:49image, it cleverly flips it over, so the world seems the right way up.
0:07:51 > 0:07:55I said it cleverly flips it over, so the world seems the right way up.
0:07:57 > 0:08:00Better late than never.
0:08:01 > 0:08:02The park...
0:08:02 > 0:08:04is a place to have fun...
0:08:04 > 0:08:05Weee!
0:08:07 > 0:08:10..but it's also a place of danger.
0:08:13 > 0:08:16You could get hit on the head by a stick thrown for a dog.
0:08:16 > 0:08:17Lucky escape.
0:08:17 > 0:08:21Get dazzled by the sun on a very hot day. Nicely sorted.
0:08:22 > 0:08:26Or make your scrubs really dirty and your mum very cross.
0:08:26 > 0:08:30- One safe thing you can do is play frisbee.- Chris!
0:08:30 > 0:08:31Ow!
0:08:31 > 0:08:33Ooh! A minor injury.
0:08:35 > 0:08:38Still, now that he's hit his head, how shall we treat him?
0:08:38 > 0:08:40I didn't hit my head. YOU hit my head.
0:09:01 > 0:09:03I'm certain the first one is a bad idea,
0:09:03 > 0:09:06but I'd like idea of going on the swings and roundabouts.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09Well, the correct answer is C.
0:09:09 > 0:09:13Putting something cold on it, like frozen peas, reduces the pain
0:09:13 > 0:09:17and swelling. But if you feel sick or dizzy, tell an adult.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20- That's looking good, Chris. Much better.- Yeah, much better(!)
0:09:20 > 0:09:22A BIRD SQUAWKS
0:09:22 > 0:09:24HE LAUGHS
0:09:25 > 0:09:28Do you want some peas for that?
0:09:31 > 0:09:34So, if you get bump on the head, put something cold on it to
0:09:34 > 0:09:36reduce the swelling - not bird poo.
0:09:36 > 0:09:39If you ARE worried then tell an adult.
0:09:43 > 0:09:46We've got some incredible body tricks for you to show your mates.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49Want to fool your friends into thinking they're falling
0:09:49 > 0:09:52through the floor? Well, we're going to show you how.
0:09:52 > 0:09:54So we got a really good trick for you.
0:09:54 > 0:09:56Xand, I want you to lie on the ground.
0:09:59 > 0:10:01- OK. You comfortable? - I'm very comfortable.
0:10:01 > 0:10:03So, Xand, I want you to give me your feet
0:10:03 > 0:10:06and I'm going to make your feet feel as if they going through the floor.
0:10:06 > 0:10:10- No, you're not. This floor is solid. - Give me your feet.
0:10:10 > 0:10:12These feet are disg... Can anyone else smell Xand's feet?
0:10:12 > 0:10:14- ALL:- Poo!
0:10:14 > 0:10:17Xand, close your eyes and I'm going to slowly,
0:10:17 > 0:10:20slowly lower your feet and it's going to feel like I've got
0:10:20 > 0:10:23these guys to dig a hole under your feet.
0:10:23 > 0:10:25They digging holes? I can't hear any digging holes.
0:10:25 > 0:10:27How close do you think your feet are to the ground?
0:10:27 > 0:10:31- Probably about ten centimetres off the ground.- Ten centimetres.
0:10:31 > 0:10:35'More like 50 centimetres, but let's keep going.'
0:10:35 > 0:10:38OK, they're right about to touch the ground now. 'No, they're not.'
0:10:38 > 0:10:41Whoa! They're going through the floor. Whoa! Whoa!
0:10:41 > 0:10:43'His feet haven't even touched the floor yet,
0:10:43 > 0:10:46'but Xand thinks they're falling through it.'
0:10:46 > 0:10:48Oh, that's really weird, they're through the floor.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50'Time for this lot to have a go.'
0:10:50 > 0:10:52Ten centimetres.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55'So, why do your legs feel like they've gone through the
0:10:55 > 0:10:56'floor when they haven't?'
0:10:56 > 0:10:59It felt like when you was laying down like,
0:10:59 > 0:11:04all the blood was like draining from your lower part of your body,
0:11:04 > 0:11:06so it felt like your legs were getting numb.
0:11:06 > 0:11:11Well, Olivia's on the right lines, but there's more to it than that.
0:11:11 > 0:11:15When Chris held my legs up, the nerves in my joints relaxed
0:11:15 > 0:11:18and stopped telling my brain where my legs were.
0:11:18 > 0:11:21And having my eyes closed meant that, when he lowered them again, my
0:11:21 > 0:11:25confused brain tried to work out the position of my legs but kept getting
0:11:25 > 0:11:29it wrong, and that's why it felt like they'd fallen through the floor.
0:11:30 > 0:11:33When it was nearly touching the floor,
0:11:33 > 0:11:35it felt like I was really under.
0:11:35 > 0:11:37Try it yourself and see if you can feel it, too.
0:11:41 > 0:11:43Earlier, we saw Iman with that mystery rash.
0:11:43 > 0:11:45Let's see how he's getting on.
0:11:47 > 0:11:49Back in Sheffield, Iman has spent the night in hospital after
0:11:49 > 0:11:51coming in with a mystery illness.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56He'd been at school in his art class when, all of a sudden, he
0:11:56 > 0:11:59looked down to see his hands were swelling up and a spreading rash.
0:12:01 > 0:12:04After being diagnosed with HSP, where your blood vessels
0:12:04 > 0:12:07become inflamed, he's been receiving pain medication to treat his
0:12:07 > 0:12:10sore and swollen joints.
0:12:10 > 0:12:11How's he feeling today?
0:12:11 > 0:12:13A lot better than yesterday.
0:12:13 > 0:12:17I think I might be able to stand up, but not yet walk.
0:12:17 > 0:12:19Well, it's a step in the right direction.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22Well, he's not stepping quite yet, Xand, because just as things
0:12:22 > 0:12:25are looking up, there's been a new development.
0:12:25 > 0:12:29Someone at Iman's school might have meningitis, which is contagious.
0:12:29 > 0:12:33Because of this, consultant Judith Gilchrist is on the case.
0:12:33 > 0:12:37I think, although it's 90% sure it's HSP, I think
0:12:37 > 0:12:40there's a small chance we're dealing with meningitis,
0:12:40 > 0:12:43because that rash can look like that as well.
0:12:43 > 0:12:47Also, Iman's GP gave him antibiotics a few days ago,
0:12:47 > 0:12:51which CAN make meningitis look like HSP.
0:12:51 > 0:12:54He's actually had a couple of days of antibiotics already
0:12:54 > 0:12:58and there's been a possible contact with meningitis at school.
0:12:58 > 0:13:02We may be dealing with a partially treated meningococcal infection.
0:13:02 > 0:13:05So, basically, he needs to stop in for at least another two days
0:13:05 > 0:13:08and we're going to put a drip into the back of his hand and take some
0:13:08 > 0:13:12more blood tests, and we'll start him on some intravenous antibiotics.
0:13:12 > 0:13:14Once Iman's handed over some of the red stuff,
0:13:14 > 0:13:16it's off to the lab for testing.
0:13:18 > 0:13:20But it will take 48 hours to get the results.
0:13:20 > 0:13:23In the meantime, Iman just has to wait.
0:13:25 > 0:13:28Two days later and our patient seems to be on the mend.
0:13:28 > 0:13:31A lot better now. I could walk.
0:13:31 > 0:13:33I can reach the lavatory right now.
0:13:33 > 0:13:36My legs still hurt, but I can still reach it.
0:13:36 > 0:13:39He might feel better, but he still has to get the results from
0:13:39 > 0:13:41his blood tests and they're in.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44I've got some good news for you.
0:13:44 > 0:13:46You're blood cultures are negative, so you can go home.
0:13:46 > 0:13:51It's great news. Iman's blood tests show he doesn't have meningitis.
0:13:51 > 0:13:53I'm so pleased.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56Finally, I'm going home. Yes!
0:13:56 > 0:13:58So it is HSP after all,
0:13:58 > 0:14:02which will clear up all by itself in a few weeks.
0:14:02 > 0:14:06At least for now he's got a spring back in his step.
0:14:06 > 0:14:07- BOTH:- Bye!
0:14:09 > 0:14:14Still to come, we show you how your body heals itself after a burn.
0:14:16 > 0:14:19There's an infected finger in accident and emergency.
0:14:19 > 0:14:22My finger's got yellow pus in it.
0:14:22 > 0:14:26Nice. And yep, that needle is going to suck out my fat.
0:14:26 > 0:14:29Xand? Where's Xand? Xand said he'd do this.
0:14:32 > 0:14:35Now, did you know that the average human head
0:14:35 > 0:14:37weighs as much as a watermelon?
0:14:37 > 0:14:39That's amazing and so's this.
0:14:41 > 0:14:43OK, Xand, I've got something for you.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46Can you guess what makes this man amazing?
0:14:46 > 0:14:48Wow, he doesn't look happy.
0:14:48 > 0:14:51- Is he the angriest man in the world? - No.
0:14:51 > 0:14:53- He's not on the toilet, is he?- No.
0:14:54 > 0:14:56This is John Evans.
0:14:56 > 0:14:58He's a world record holding head balancer.
0:14:58 > 0:15:04He's balanced a washing machine and a fridge, a car
0:15:04 > 0:15:06and even Dr Who's TARDIS on his head.
0:15:07 > 0:15:10What's he going to balance for us?
0:15:11 > 0:15:15- 20 tubs on a large metal frame. - Whoa!
0:15:15 > 0:15:17I THINK that's amazing.
0:15:17 > 0:15:21It is, Xand, and here's why. He's carrying on his head,
0:15:21 > 0:15:23the weight equivalent of 20 bags of sugar
0:15:23 > 0:15:27or 500 lemons, or one seven-year-old boy.
0:15:27 > 0:15:28Go on.
0:15:28 > 0:15:31John's held more than 40 world records for balancing all
0:15:31 > 0:15:34sorts of things on his head. And when it comes to competitions,
0:15:34 > 0:15:37he really gives it everything he's got.
0:15:37 > 0:15:39Oh, I've done tremendous things.
0:15:39 > 0:15:43Two girls on bicycles, 98 milk crates all in one time.
0:15:43 > 0:15:45548 footballs.
0:15:45 > 0:15:49So, how does John's amazing body do this?
0:15:49 > 0:15:52Well, the secret is his massive and powerful neck.
0:15:52 > 0:15:55Where as your average man's neck is 40 centimetres around,
0:15:55 > 0:15:58John's comes in at a whopping 54.
0:15:58 > 0:16:02That's the size of Selena Gomez's waist and nearly twice as big
0:16:02 > 0:16:06- as your neck. - Wow! That's big.
0:16:06 > 0:16:09But the real power, though, comes from the muscles inside.
0:16:09 > 0:16:12There are five major muscles in the neck, but the heavyweights
0:16:12 > 0:16:14are the trapezius muscles at the back.
0:16:15 > 0:16:18I do have the strongest neck in the world.
0:16:18 > 0:16:20It's as solid as concrete.
0:16:20 > 0:16:23OK, I'm sold. That's amazing!
0:16:27 > 0:16:30Your body can need mending in all sorts of ways and we're going
0:16:30 > 0:16:33to meet some special teams that are trained to fix you.
0:16:38 > 0:16:42I absolutely love swimming and this is a really cool swimming pool,
0:16:42 > 0:16:45but it's not an ordinary swimming pool.
0:16:45 > 0:16:47We're in a hospital, and for some patients,
0:16:47 > 0:16:50this water is like medicine,
0:16:50 > 0:16:52but we're not going to drink it.
0:16:52 > 0:16:55This pool is for hydrotherapy,
0:16:55 > 0:16:58a type of exercise in water that helps people like nine-year-old
0:16:58 > 0:17:00Jay who has arthritis.
0:17:01 > 0:17:04So, Jay, can you tell me why you're coming here?
0:17:04 > 0:17:08I've got arthritis in my knees and my feet,
0:17:08 > 0:17:12and sometimes they're sore and stiff.
0:17:12 > 0:17:16So, if you're just running around normally, do your legs hurt?
0:17:16 > 0:17:17Yeah.
0:17:17 > 0:17:21- And does it hurt when you're moving around in the swimming pool?- No.
0:17:21 > 0:17:23- Is it fun as well?- Yeah.- Yeah.
0:17:26 > 0:17:30Treating Jay is physiotherapist Amy Robinson.
0:17:30 > 0:17:32So, Jay needs to exercise to keep his muscles strong to keep
0:17:32 > 0:17:35flexible, but why can't he just do that on land?
0:17:35 > 0:17:36Why does he need the pool?
0:17:36 > 0:17:39Well, in the pool, because the water is really warm,
0:17:39 > 0:17:41it's like having a really nice, hot bath.
0:17:41 > 0:17:44It relaxes all the muscles and that's really good for pain
0:17:44 > 0:17:45because, if the water is quite deep,
0:17:45 > 0:17:48it takes away a lot of the weight on the joints as well.
0:17:50 > 0:17:53Jay spends half an hour every week in the pool doing lots of
0:17:53 > 0:17:56different exercises and games.
0:17:56 > 0:17:59So, what's so great about exercising under water for Jay
0:17:59 > 0:18:01is that the water provides resistance, like
0:18:01 > 0:18:03if you think of how hard it is to move under water,
0:18:03 > 0:18:04it's really good exercise.
0:18:04 > 0:18:08But the water also supports his body, so it's less painful.
0:18:10 > 0:18:12Keep going, Jay!
0:18:12 > 0:18:14That's it. Well done.
0:18:14 > 0:18:17So all these exercises, they're hard work,
0:18:17 > 0:18:20but they're quite gentle and soft on the joints.
0:18:21 > 0:18:25In the mornings, Jay's joints can be so sore and stiff it can take
0:18:25 > 0:18:29him two hours to get up and moving, but regular hydrotherapy
0:18:29 > 0:18:31makes a real difference.
0:18:31 > 0:18:33So, how you feeling now, Jay?
0:18:33 > 0:18:38More relaxed, a bit less sore and it's easier to move around.
0:18:38 > 0:18:42Really good. Well, look, thank you very much for having me today.
0:18:42 > 0:18:44High five. Aww!
0:18:52 > 0:18:54This next boy may be accident prone,
0:18:54 > 0:18:56but his body is brilliant at mending itself.
0:18:56 > 0:18:58Just like yours.
0:18:58 > 0:19:01# If there's a bone to break, he'll break it
0:19:01 > 0:19:04# If there's a wound to graze, he'll graze it
0:19:04 > 0:19:07# If there's an ankle to sprain, he'll sprain it.
0:19:07 > 0:19:09# He's the unluckiest kid. #
0:19:10 > 0:19:13Mmm, a nice mug of hot coco. Oh, dear.
0:19:13 > 0:19:16When you burn yourself, the extreme heat cooks your skin,
0:19:16 > 0:19:19damaging the top layer of skin cells.
0:19:19 > 0:19:22The damaged cells trigger an alarm inside your body and it sends
0:19:22 > 0:19:25in your immune system to clean up the mess.
0:19:27 > 0:19:30First, it flushes the area with a load of new blood full of
0:19:30 > 0:19:35white blood cells. This makes the burn site go hot and red.
0:19:35 > 0:19:38These white blood cells remove the damaged skin by eating it - yummy.
0:19:40 > 0:19:42Then there's a rush of plasma.
0:19:42 > 0:19:44This creates a blister to protect the area.
0:19:46 > 0:19:49Meanwhile, below, new skin cells are being born all the time,
0:19:49 > 0:19:51making their way to the top.
0:19:51 > 0:19:54So, don't be tempted to pop that blister, as it's doing an
0:19:54 > 0:19:57important job protecting the new skin.
0:19:57 > 0:19:59Oh, but it's so satisfying!
0:19:59 > 0:20:01Yes, Xand, but you could get germs in there.
0:20:01 > 0:20:05Your body knows when the time is right to dry up the blister.
0:20:05 > 0:20:08Only when the brand new skin is ready.
0:20:08 > 0:20:10Oh, no!
0:20:10 > 0:20:12Be careful with hot drinks, unluckiest kid.
0:20:12 > 0:20:15# He's the unluckiest kid. #
0:20:17 > 0:20:21Now, my humerus weighs that and my radius weighs this,
0:20:21 > 0:20:24and I subtract the amount my fingernails would weigh,
0:20:24 > 0:20:28and I factor in the surface area of my skin and I know the...
0:20:28 > 0:20:29What are you doing?
0:20:29 > 0:20:32I'm trying to work out how much fat is in my arm.
0:20:32 > 0:20:35Xand, you do know there's a much easier way of working
0:20:35 > 0:20:37- out your body fat.- Really?
0:20:37 > 0:20:38Yes.
0:20:38 > 0:20:41It's time for investigation ouch.
0:20:43 > 0:20:44This is my fat.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46You need fat to keep your body working.
0:20:46 > 0:20:50It keeps you warm and whether you're kicking a football or jumping
0:20:50 > 0:20:53into a swimming pool, it's fat that stores the energy to help you do it.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56But if fat's so amazing, how come we're always being
0:20:56 > 0:20:58told we've got too much of it?
0:21:00 > 0:21:04There are tests going on here at Warwick University that might
0:21:04 > 0:21:07answer that question.
0:21:07 > 0:21:08Meet the bod pod.
0:21:10 > 0:21:13No, I'm not being sent into space.
0:21:13 > 0:21:14With the help of Dr Philip McTernan,
0:21:14 > 0:21:17this cool bit of kit is going to measure how much
0:21:17 > 0:21:18fat I have on my body.
0:21:18 > 0:21:20OK, so what do I do? Just get in it?
0:21:20 > 0:21:23No. There's one thing that you need to do first.
0:21:23 > 0:21:26You need to make sure that we have something that is much
0:21:26 > 0:21:27tighter than this.
0:21:27 > 0:21:30Well, luckily, I'm wearing my Operation Ouch leotard.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34You might be wondering why I've agreed to wear this,
0:21:34 > 0:21:36but the pod needs to take very precise measurements,
0:21:36 > 0:21:39so baggy clothing and loose hair are no good.
0:21:44 > 0:21:47This device works by measuring the amount of room my body takes
0:21:47 > 0:21:50up in this enclosed space.
0:21:50 > 0:21:53It feels very claustrophobic.
0:21:53 > 0:21:56Luckily I've got a nice big window, so I can see.
0:21:56 > 0:21:59And a few fancy computer calculations later,
0:21:59 > 0:22:00we have my stats.
0:22:03 > 0:22:04There we go.
0:22:04 > 0:22:06Percentage fat - 13.8%.
0:22:06 > 0:22:10That's very good. It means, you know, you're fit, healthy
0:22:10 > 0:22:12and you've got the right amount of fat, that's for sure.
0:22:12 > 0:22:16So if I'm 13.8% body fat, how much fat is there on me?
0:22:16 > 0:22:18To give you an idea.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21This is standard cooking oil but if you had 12 bottles of this,
0:22:21 > 0:22:25this would equate to how much fat you have in your body.
0:22:25 > 0:22:28This is a really nice illustration of how amazing
0:22:28 > 0:22:30fat is as an energy store.
0:22:30 > 0:22:33I have 12 bottles of fat like this in my body
0:22:33 > 0:22:37and that's enough energy for me to run 30 marathons.
0:22:37 > 0:22:38And it also explains why fat is
0:22:38 > 0:22:41so hard to get rid of, because you've got to do a huge
0:22:41 > 0:22:44amount of work to get rid of a relatively small amount of fat.
0:22:44 > 0:22:48So, more exercise will get rid of it, but to understand why
0:22:48 > 0:22:51too much fat can be bad we need to get a closer look.
0:22:52 > 0:22:54I'm about to get a fat biopsy,
0:22:54 > 0:22:58and that's when some fat is taken out of my tummy using a huge needle.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01Now, obviously Xand and I aren't afraid of big needles,
0:23:01 > 0:23:03but if you're squeamish, you need to turn off the television,
0:23:03 > 0:23:07leave the room and go and hide under your bed.
0:23:07 > 0:23:08Done that? Good.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11Dr Millan, show us the needle.
0:23:12 > 0:23:14I told you it was big.
0:23:14 > 0:23:18Xand? Where's Xand? Xand said he'd do this.
0:23:18 > 0:23:19Too late.
0:23:19 > 0:23:22I've had a local anaesthetic, so I can't feel anything.
0:23:22 > 0:23:25And the doctor's cut a little hole in my tummy so that he can get that
0:23:25 > 0:23:29huge needle in and some of my fat out.
0:23:30 > 0:23:31Oh, wow, yeah.
0:23:31 > 0:23:34So, this yellow stuff floating on the top here,
0:23:34 > 0:23:37this is the fat from my tummy.
0:23:37 > 0:23:40And the average person has 50 billion fat cells,
0:23:40 > 0:23:43more fat cells than there are people on the planet.
0:23:43 > 0:23:45Now it may look like we've used a huge needle
0:23:45 > 0:23:48and not got very much fat, but we don't need that much cos
0:23:48 > 0:23:51we're going to have a look at some fat up close, under the microscope.
0:23:54 > 0:23:57So, let's see what the cells actually look like.
0:23:57 > 0:24:00These are my fat cells and these belong to a person who has a
0:24:00 > 0:24:02higher fat content in their body.
0:24:02 > 0:24:05Why are their cells looking different to mine?
0:24:05 > 0:24:08We can see from here, you have a lot smaller fat cells.
0:24:08 > 0:24:12Now someone who has more weight, they have bigger fat cells.
0:24:12 > 0:24:16So, a person with more fat doesn't necessarily have more cells -
0:24:16 > 0:24:19they've just got more fat in each cell.
0:24:19 > 0:24:23Yes. So, eventually, the fat spills over and then what happens is
0:24:23 > 0:24:25that you can get fat in your liver, you can get it in your heart,
0:24:25 > 0:24:29which affects how they function and how your body functions as a whole.
0:24:30 > 0:24:34So, although body fat is vital to life, because it's where the
0:24:34 > 0:24:36energy from the food we eat is stored,
0:24:36 > 0:24:39it's really important we have the right amount of it.
0:24:39 > 0:24:43Too much of it can put you at risk of conditions like heart
0:24:43 > 0:24:47disease and cancer, so I for one am going to keep up with my exercise.
0:24:47 > 0:24:50I must get Xand one of these leotards.
0:24:50 > 0:24:51No chance!
0:24:54 > 0:24:57Our next patient has an unusual habit.
0:24:57 > 0:25:01And because of that she's ended up in accident and emergency.
0:25:02 > 0:25:05In the emergency department, nine-year-old Brody has arrived
0:25:05 > 0:25:08with her mum and eeew!
0:25:08 > 0:25:11My finger's got yellow pus in it.
0:25:11 > 0:25:13Yes, it has.
0:25:13 > 0:25:16It's where I've been biting my fingers...
0:25:16 > 0:25:17like that.
0:25:17 > 0:25:21- You must bite your fingers a lot, Brody.- Oh, she does!
0:25:23 > 0:25:25Brody loves nibbling her nails.
0:25:25 > 0:25:27She'll nibble them anywhere.
0:25:27 > 0:25:29At home, on the bus,
0:25:29 > 0:25:30in school,
0:25:30 > 0:25:32even in her sleep.
0:25:34 > 0:25:35But why, Chris?
0:25:35 > 0:25:38Well, maybe her fingers taste of really yummy sausages or
0:25:38 > 0:25:40chocolate eclairs.
0:25:40 > 0:25:42- How about bananas? - That's ridiculous, Xand.
0:25:42 > 0:25:47Fingers can't turn into bananas. Look, let's forget the fingers.
0:25:47 > 0:25:49Let's just face it, she loves biting her nails
0:25:49 > 0:25:52and now the germs have gone in and they're loving it.
0:25:53 > 0:25:54Ouch!
0:25:54 > 0:25:58We've tried painting them with nice colour nail varnish,
0:25:58 > 0:26:00but that hasn't stopped it. Not good. Not nice.
0:26:00 > 0:26:01Why do you do it, Brody?
0:26:01 > 0:26:03I don't know.
0:26:03 > 0:26:05I just like it.
0:26:07 > 0:26:11Here's Dr Shammi Ramlakhan to examined that pussy appendage.
0:26:11 > 0:26:13Did you hurt it? Did you knock it or...?
0:26:13 > 0:26:15Not exactly, Doc.
0:26:15 > 0:26:17I think it's with me biting my nails.
0:26:17 > 0:26:19Ah. OK. Can I have a look?
0:26:21 > 0:26:23Can you bend?
0:26:23 > 0:26:27Good. So, that's what happens when you bite your nails, isn't it?
0:26:27 > 0:26:30Brody has a small abscess.
0:26:30 > 0:26:34We need to just drain that so that her finger feels better,
0:26:34 > 0:26:39and that it doesn't spread and become more serious.
0:26:39 > 0:26:41Yep, that pus has got to come out.
0:26:41 > 0:26:45What we're going to have to do is put a needle in there,
0:26:45 > 0:26:48basically, just to release that. OK?
0:26:48 > 0:26:50Oh-oh.
0:26:50 > 0:26:52Now it's time for action.
0:26:52 > 0:26:54- How's Brody?- Scared.
0:26:54 > 0:26:57Don't bite your other hand, Brody.
0:26:57 > 0:27:00- Some cold spray just to make sure that...- It goes like ice.
0:27:00 > 0:27:02..just to make sure it's really numb.
0:27:02 > 0:27:05Numb or not, Brody's not watching, but it's a very straight
0:27:05 > 0:27:07forward jab with a needle and...
0:27:08 > 0:27:10We're all done.
0:27:11 > 0:27:15- That pus has been released, Xand. - It certainly has.
0:27:15 > 0:27:16What do you think, Brody?
0:27:16 > 0:27:20- Can't you put a bandage on it? - Yeah, a plaster on.
0:27:20 > 0:27:22That will be enough to keep any nasties out,
0:27:22 > 0:27:25but will all this stop Brody from biting her nails?
0:27:25 > 0:27:30Hopefully I'll try and stop biting my nails.
0:27:30 > 0:27:32Yes, hopefully. Fingers crossed.
0:27:32 > 0:27:33- BOTH:- Bye, Brody.
0:27:35 > 0:27:39Next time, this man reveals a terrifying secret.
0:27:39 > 0:27:42I discover what happens when you lose your senses.
0:27:42 > 0:27:44And now I'm seeing things AND hearing things.
0:27:45 > 0:27:50And we reveal an amazing trick your body does every time you swallow.
0:27:50 > 0:27:52You all right, down there?
0:27:52 > 0:27:55- So, that's it till next time.- Bye!
0:27:56 > 0:27:59Subtitles By Red Bee Media Ltd