0:00:23 > 0:00:24He's Dr Chris.
0:00:24 > 0:00:26And he's Dr Xand.
0:00:26 > 0:00:29And, yes, we're identical twins.
0:00:29 > 0:00:32Do you know, your body does heaps of amazing things
0:00:32 > 0:00:33every single day?
0:00:33 > 0:00:35That is incredible.
0:00:35 > 0:00:37And we're going to show you how.
0:00:37 > 0:00:39Oh! You've cut him in half.
0:00:39 > 0:00:41We've got incredible experiments...
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- Huh...!- BOTH:- Wow!
0:00:43 > 0:00:45And real-life medical emergencies.
0:00:45 > 0:00:47There's a big chunk of my leg missing.
0:00:47 > 0:00:48Ouch!
0:00:48 > 0:00:50We'll be turning our bodies inside out...
0:00:50 > 0:00:53Oh! Yuk!
0:00:53 > 0:00:55To show you what you're made of.
0:00:55 > 0:00:57You should see a doctor.
0:00:57 > 0:00:59Better go find one.
0:00:59 > 0:01:01HE CLEARS HIS THROAT
0:01:01 > 0:01:03Dr Xand, mm?
0:01:03 > 0:01:05HE SIGHS
0:01:06 > 0:01:09- Coming up today on Operation...- Ouch!
0:01:12 > 0:01:16'We find out why Chris is having afternoon tea in the lab.'
0:01:16 > 0:01:20That's delicious, tea is my absolute favourite thing.
0:01:20 > 0:01:22'Our portable clinic is open for business.'
0:01:22 > 0:01:24Can I have the next patient, please?
0:01:24 > 0:01:28'And we take you to the front line with paramedics saving lives.'
0:01:28 > 0:01:30We need to get there as quick as possible.
0:01:30 > 0:01:31'But first...'
0:01:33 > 0:01:34In the emergency department,
0:01:34 > 0:01:36the team are ready for their first patient.
0:01:36 > 0:01:37Let's meet him.
0:01:37 > 0:01:41At the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Jack is in with his
0:01:41 > 0:01:43mum and dad, but it's no ordinary day for him.
0:01:43 > 0:01:46It's my birthday today and I'm nine.
0:01:46 > 0:01:48Well, happy birthday, fella.
0:01:48 > 0:01:51But what's brought you into hospital on your special day?
0:01:51 > 0:01:52A sausage finger.
0:01:52 > 0:01:54Ooh, I love sausages.
0:01:54 > 0:01:55Not this kind, Xand.
0:01:55 > 0:01:58Look away now if you're squeamish, because that's a photo of
0:01:58 > 0:02:01Jack's finger on his mum's phone.
0:02:01 > 0:02:02Eugh!
0:02:02 > 0:02:04Not your ordinary sausage.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07Let's find out how the birthday boy's digit got damaged.
0:02:07 > 0:02:10It was an ordinary Saturday...
0:02:10 > 0:02:13Hang on, Xand, I thought it was Jack's birthday.
0:02:13 > 0:02:16Oh, yeah, it was the most special day of the year.
0:02:16 > 0:02:17That's more like it.
0:02:17 > 0:02:21Jack received some money for his birthday, and the plan was to
0:02:21 > 0:02:22buy a special toy.
0:02:23 > 0:02:25- A flying dinosaur, perhaps.- Awesome!
0:02:25 > 0:02:30So Jack hopped in the car and headed straight to the toy shop.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Sounds harmless. Where's this story going, Xand?
0:02:32 > 0:02:35To the toy shop, Chris.
0:02:35 > 0:02:36Whoa! Did you see that?
0:02:36 > 0:02:40But when he arrived, Jack got out of the car, and in the excitement,
0:02:40 > 0:02:42he closed the door on his finger!
0:02:42 > 0:02:45Ouch! But what about Jack's birthday party, Mum?
0:02:45 > 0:02:49We can't celebrate the birthday today, so we're going to have
0:02:49 > 0:02:51to have another one when his finger's better.
0:02:51 > 0:02:53Two birthdays. Result!
0:02:53 > 0:02:58On hand to mend Jack's mitt is Dr Anne Markey.
0:02:58 > 0:03:00Right, shall we have a look at this finger, then?
0:03:00 > 0:03:03- Tell the lady what we call your finger.- Sausage finger.
0:03:03 > 0:03:05SHE LAUGHS He calls it sausage finger.
0:03:05 > 0:03:09- He won't be having sausages for birthday tea, then?- No.
0:03:09 > 0:03:11That's Mum's dinner plans out the window.
0:03:11 > 0:03:13You can say you've been fighting crocodiles.
0:03:13 > 0:03:15'Crocodiles?'
0:03:15 > 0:03:17There's well-known crocodiles in Manchester.
0:03:17 > 0:03:20- I had no idea! - She's just kidding, Xand.
0:03:20 > 0:03:24Phew! But how is Dr Anne going to fix the damaged digit?
0:03:24 > 0:03:26We'll take that nail off.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30Underneath the nail where you can see the bruise, it's likely
0:03:30 > 0:03:33that there's a laceration there, a cut in the nail bed.
0:03:33 > 0:03:35So we'll put some stitches in.
0:03:35 > 0:03:37We'll probably put the nail back on,
0:03:37 > 0:03:42but it's not there to retake or re-grow, it's just there to protect.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45All that will happen in operation tomorrow.
0:03:45 > 0:03:48In the meantime, to stop any infection, Jack's having his
0:03:48 > 0:03:50whole hand bandaged up.
0:03:50 > 0:03:53- That's more like a sandwich. - A sausage butty.
0:03:53 > 0:03:55A sausage butty!
0:03:55 > 0:03:57Hmm, I love a sausage butty too.
0:03:57 > 0:04:00Well, that's the hard work done for today.
0:04:00 > 0:04:04And then we'll let you go home for some special birthday tea.
0:04:04 > 0:04:06Ooh, can we come?
0:04:06 > 0:04:07We'll see you tomorrow.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09We'll see you before your operation.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18And now to our lab for some amazing body experiments.
0:04:18 > 0:04:20- Eugh!- Whoa!
0:04:20 > 0:04:23Just don't try anything you see here at home.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26Cup of tea, Chris?
0:04:26 > 0:04:29- Ooh, I'd love a cup of tea. Is this for me?- Yeah.- Hmm.
0:04:29 > 0:04:30Made it specially.
0:04:30 > 0:04:34Hmm, that's delicious, tea is my absolute favourite thing.
0:04:34 > 0:04:35Are you having one?
0:04:35 > 0:04:37No, no, all for you.
0:04:37 > 0:04:40'I'm purposely making Chris drink lots of tea.
0:04:40 > 0:04:43'Shh, don't tell him, you'll find out the reason later.'
0:04:43 > 0:04:46Now, today in the lab, we're going to be looking at the bit
0:04:46 > 0:04:50of your body which holds your wee, or urine - your bladder.
0:04:50 > 0:04:53Now, over here we've got a pig's bladder from the butcher's,
0:04:53 > 0:04:56but it's almost exactly the same as a human one.
0:04:56 > 0:05:00Your body needs liquid, and it takes it out of everything you eat
0:05:00 > 0:05:02and drink, along with lots of nutrients.
0:05:02 > 0:05:05- Drink up, Chris, don't let your tea go cold.- Mmm!
0:05:05 > 0:05:07But there's always a bit of waste liquid left over
0:05:07 > 0:05:10that isn't needed, and that's sent to your bladder as wee.
0:05:10 > 0:05:14'This is what happens when your bladder is full of wee.
0:05:14 > 0:05:17'It can actually hold up to a litre of liquid.
0:05:17 > 0:05:19'That's almost the same as two pints of milk.'
0:05:19 > 0:05:21There we go.
0:05:21 > 0:05:25If I use the torch, you can see just how full the bladder is.
0:05:25 > 0:05:28And if you think of how small it was when we started,
0:05:28 > 0:05:29it's pretty amazing.
0:05:29 > 0:05:32In the wall of the bladder, there are lots of fibres,
0:05:32 > 0:05:34and some of these fibres are muscle fibres.
0:05:34 > 0:05:37That's right, you can actually see the muscle fibres all over
0:05:37 > 0:05:41the wall of the bladder here, and what that means is that the bladder
0:05:41 > 0:05:46can withstand the force of more and more tea, I mean wee, filling it up.
0:05:46 > 0:05:49'As your bladder fills it stretches, and sensors in the muscle
0:05:49 > 0:05:52'wall tell your brain you need to go to the loo.'
0:05:52 > 0:05:55Right, now you're sure I can't get you another cup of tea?
0:05:55 > 0:05:57I've got Earl Grey, lemon, herbal?
0:05:57 > 0:06:01Absolutely not, my bladder is sending lots of signals to my brain
0:06:01 > 0:06:04telling me to go to the toilet, and I do feel like I'm going to burst.
0:06:04 > 0:06:07Perfect, that's exactly what I wanted.
0:06:07 > 0:06:08Hang on a minute.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11Have you been giving me all this tea for an experiment?
0:06:11 > 0:06:13How can I put this?
0:06:13 > 0:06:14Yes.
0:06:15 > 0:06:19'I've been giving Chris lots of tea because I want to use his
0:06:19 > 0:06:22'bladder to show you what happens when we empty it.
0:06:23 > 0:06:27'I'm going to use an ultrasound so that we can see what Chris's
0:06:27 > 0:06:29'bladder looks like now that it's full.'
0:06:29 > 0:06:31Now, what you're looking at here,
0:06:31 > 0:06:34these top layers are Chris's tummy muscles
0:06:34 > 0:06:38and then below here, this big black blob, that's all of Chris's bladder.
0:06:38 > 0:06:40It's full of clear liquid, which is urine.
0:06:40 > 0:06:44Now the reason Chris needs to go so badly is because the sensors in
0:06:44 > 0:06:49his bladder wall are detecting all the stretching, and this is known as
0:06:49 > 0:06:50the micturition reflex, the point at
0:06:50 > 0:06:53which you really, really have to go.
0:06:53 > 0:06:54I think, pretty confidently,
0:06:54 > 0:06:58I can say that I'm about to feel the micturition reflex.
0:06:58 > 0:07:00All right, go ahead then.
0:07:00 > 0:07:01What, here in the lab?
0:07:01 > 0:07:03Just this once, on one occasion,
0:07:03 > 0:07:05you're allowed to pee in the lab, Chris.
0:07:05 > 0:07:06I think I'd better
0:07:06 > 0:07:10cos I don't think I'm going to make it to the toilet.
0:07:10 > 0:07:13'I'm going to hold the ultrasound scanner against my bladder
0:07:13 > 0:07:16'While I'm weeing, so you can see it shrinking as I go to the loo.'
0:07:18 > 0:07:22'OK, Chris, let your micturition reflex go.
0:07:24 > 0:07:27'We can see on the ultrasound that Chris's bladder is shrinking,
0:07:27 > 0:07:30'and that's because the muscle fibres are pressing on the bladder,
0:07:30 > 0:07:32'forcing the wee out.'
0:07:32 > 0:07:33God, that's great.
0:07:33 > 0:07:36And you can't see his bladder anymore at all.
0:07:36 > 0:07:39Completely empty. So how much did you go?
0:07:39 > 0:07:41- Do you want to see?- Yeah.
0:07:41 > 0:07:43Wow, so how much is that?
0:07:43 > 0:07:45- About a litre.- That's quite a lot.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48So, the amazing thing is that my bladder's gone from being
0:07:48 > 0:07:54this size... to so small that we can hardly see it on the ultrasound.
0:07:54 > 0:07:56'And it's those muscle fibres
0:07:56 > 0:07:58'in the bladder that force all the urine out.
0:07:58 > 0:08:00'But be warned, if you hold in
0:08:00 > 0:08:01'your wee for too long, the muscles
0:08:01 > 0:08:03'in the bladder can weaken,
0:08:03 > 0:08:05'making it harder for it to empty itself.'
0:08:05 > 0:08:08So, when the call of nature comes, it's absolutely vital that
0:08:08 > 0:08:09you answer it.
0:08:09 > 0:08:12You know, Chris, I really feel like a cup of tea.
0:08:12 > 0:08:14I think it's your turn to make it.
0:08:14 > 0:08:17Now, don't forget to warm the pot. And what I'd like... I feel
0:08:17 > 0:08:20like Earl Grey, maybe jasmine. I think we've got some of that.
0:08:22 > 0:08:25Now we're getting ouch and about with our mobile clinic.
0:08:26 > 0:08:30Today, we're at a theme park to help solve your medical mysteries.
0:08:30 > 0:08:32If you're anxious about an ailment,
0:08:32 > 0:08:34or curious about a condition,
0:08:34 > 0:08:37then the Ouchmobile is the place for you.
0:08:37 > 0:08:38That is incredible.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41Xand is preparing the clinic ready for his first patient.
0:08:41 > 0:08:45And Chris is out in the park to answer your burning questions.
0:08:45 > 0:08:47The clinic is now open for business.
0:08:47 > 0:08:49Could I have the next patient, please?
0:08:49 > 0:08:54First in is eight-year-old Grace, who's had an eyeful of her ailment.
0:08:54 > 0:08:57So, Grace, what's brought you to the Ouchmobile today?
0:08:57 > 0:09:02When I fall asleep and wake up, my eyes get all crusty and red.
0:09:02 > 0:09:03Diagnosis, please, Doc.
0:09:03 > 0:09:05Sounds like a case of...
0:09:05 > 0:09:06"When I fall asleep
0:09:06 > 0:09:07"and wake up my eyes get
0:09:07 > 0:09:09"really crusty and red-itis."
0:09:09 > 0:09:12'That's exactly what I'd say.'
0:09:13 > 0:09:15What we can see is your eyelids are quite red and inflamed,
0:09:15 > 0:09:17and you've got those little
0:09:17 > 0:09:19crusty bits in your eyelashes.
0:09:19 > 0:09:22So you've actually got a problem called blepharitis.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24So it is a real "itis" in this case.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26What can I do about it?
0:09:26 > 0:09:29The first thing is getting a towel and just soaking your eyelids,
0:09:29 > 0:09:31and that makes the crusts a bit easier to remove.
0:09:31 > 0:09:33And then sometimes you do get these big flare-ups.
0:09:33 > 0:09:37In that case, you need to go to the doctor, and they can either give you
0:09:37 > 0:09:39some drops or they can give you some antibiotic pills as well.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42The good news, though, is that it's not really serious.
0:09:42 > 0:09:44Thank you, Dr Xand.
0:09:46 > 0:09:50Away from the clinic, Chris is ouch and about in the park, solving
0:09:50 > 0:09:52your medical mysteries.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Why doesn't hair grow back on scars?
0:09:55 > 0:09:58That's because when you're born you've got a certain number
0:09:58 > 0:10:01of hair follicles, and you can never grow any more hair follicles.
0:10:01 > 0:10:05So if we cut your skin, when that bit of skin heals, you get
0:10:05 > 0:10:08the scar, but there are no cells that produce hair there.
0:10:08 > 0:10:11So you will always have a small bald bit.
0:10:11 > 0:10:12Why is your funny bone
0:10:12 > 0:10:13called your funny bone?
0:10:13 > 0:10:15And why is it when you bang it,
0:10:15 > 0:10:16does it tingle?
0:10:16 > 0:10:19So, in fact, you're both asking the same question.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22And the funny thing about your funny bone is it's not a bone,
0:10:22 > 0:10:23it's a nerve.
0:10:23 > 0:10:25And it's your ulna nerve, and it runs through a little groove
0:10:25 > 0:10:28there, which you can feel, and when you bang the nerve,
0:10:28 > 0:10:30you get that tingling going all the way down your arm.
0:10:30 > 0:10:32That's what feels funny.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35'Back at the Ouchmobile, there's a new case in the waiting room.'
0:10:35 > 0:10:37Next patient, please.
0:10:37 > 0:10:41'And it's seven-year-old Bobby, with a story about his skin.'
0:10:41 > 0:10:43So, Bobby, why have you come to the Ouchmobile today?
0:10:43 > 0:10:45I wanted to show you my leopard spot.
0:10:45 > 0:10:47You've got a leopard spot?
0:10:47 > 0:10:50Look at that. Diagnosis, please, Doc.
0:10:50 > 0:10:51Sounds to me like a case of,
0:10:51 > 0:10:53"I've got a leopard spot-itis."
0:10:53 > 0:10:54Spot on.
0:10:56 > 0:10:57Now, that is a real leopard spot,
0:10:57 > 0:10:59and it's very interesting.
0:10:59 > 0:11:01It's a birth mark, right, you've had it since you were born?
0:11:01 > 0:11:04Most birth marks are dark in colour,
0:11:04 > 0:11:06and this one is mostly light in colour,
0:11:06 > 0:11:09so it's what we call hypopigmented.
0:11:09 > 0:11:11It means it's got less ink in it, effectively.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13So, what causes it?
0:11:13 > 0:11:15In your skin, you've got cells
0:11:15 > 0:11:16called melanocytes,
0:11:16 > 0:11:18and they make your skin brown.
0:11:18 > 0:11:19So when you've got a patch of very
0:11:19 > 0:11:21pale skin, like you've got there,
0:11:21 > 0:11:22it means it's got very few
0:11:22 > 0:11:24melanocytes in it at all.
0:11:24 > 0:11:25And that started when you were
0:11:25 > 0:11:27just a tiny ball of cells,
0:11:27 > 0:11:29inside your mum,
0:11:29 > 0:11:31and since then, you've had that birth mark.
0:11:31 > 0:11:33I don't think there's anything you need to worry about at all,
0:11:33 > 0:11:35it's just a really cool-looking birthmark.
0:11:35 > 0:11:38Job done for today. Clinic closed.
0:11:39 > 0:11:40'Still to come...
0:11:40 > 0:11:44'Chris goes on call with the UK'S emergency services.'
0:11:44 > 0:11:48So, a call's just come in about an 83-year-old woman...
0:11:48 > 0:11:50'We've got more first aid tips.'
0:11:50 > 0:11:53Uh-oh, Xand's gone pale and unresponsive.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56'And Chris has a rather unusual hospital appointment.'
0:11:56 > 0:12:00It's like being inspected by a really nosy robot.
0:12:01 > 0:12:04Time to head back to Accident and Emergency
0:12:04 > 0:12:07to catch up with Jack and his sausage finger.
0:12:07 > 0:12:10Ooh, I love sausages. Do you think he's got any ketchup?
0:12:10 > 0:12:12Let's see him get fixed.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16In Manchester, nine-year-old Jack is back in hospital, waiting for
0:12:16 > 0:12:17an operation.
0:12:17 > 0:12:19And he's brought along a new friend.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22Now I don't have a sausage finger, I have Cyril.
0:12:22 > 0:12:23Hello, Cyril.
0:12:23 > 0:12:26Cyril is protecting Jack's cut finger,
0:12:26 > 0:12:28and this is how it was damaged.
0:12:28 > 0:12:32It was Jack's birthday, and he'd been given some money to buy
0:12:32 > 0:12:33a gift at the toy shop.
0:12:33 > 0:12:37When they arrived, Jack got out of the car, and in the excitement,
0:12:37 > 0:12:39he closed the car door on his finger!
0:12:39 > 0:12:40Ouch!
0:12:41 > 0:12:45Jack's operation is just moments away, so Cyril's days are numbered.
0:12:45 > 0:12:47Tell him, Dad.
0:12:47 > 0:12:49You're going to lose Cyril, aren't you?
0:12:49 > 0:12:50Never mind, Jack.
0:12:50 > 0:12:52Jack's on his way to have his operation.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56And there's no sign of nerves from our patient. In fact,
0:12:56 > 0:12:57he's cracking jokes.
0:12:57 > 0:12:58Knock, knock.
0:12:58 > 0:12:59Who's there?
0:12:59 > 0:13:00- Done up.- Done up who?
0:13:00 > 0:13:02Done a poo! Get it?
0:13:02 > 0:13:05I think Cyril enjoyed that one too.
0:13:05 > 0:13:07Time to prepare Jack for theatre.
0:13:07 > 0:13:10To make sure he doesn't feel any of the procedure, the doctor
0:13:10 > 0:13:12gives him some anaesthetic.
0:13:12 > 0:13:14Dr Anne Markey
0:13:14 > 0:13:16and Dr Adeyinka Molajo
0:13:16 > 0:13:18are performing Jack's surgery.
0:13:20 > 0:13:22First, they thoroughly clean Jack's hand.
0:13:22 > 0:13:26The next step is to remove the nail, so they can stitch up the finger.
0:13:26 > 0:13:29And remember, Jack can't feel a thing.
0:13:29 > 0:13:30Forceps, please.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32Before he can start to stitch,
0:13:32 > 0:13:36Dr Adeyinka takes out any little bits of dirt and broken nail stuck
0:13:36 > 0:13:38in the wound.
0:13:38 > 0:13:42Next, he stitches the cut...
0:13:42 > 0:13:44before gluing back on the nail.
0:13:44 > 0:13:46And there's just enough time for a quick trim.
0:13:46 > 0:13:50With the nail in place, a protective gauze is put around the tip
0:13:50 > 0:13:53of Jack's finger to stop the bandage sticking to the wound.
0:13:55 > 0:13:57Time to wrap that sausage finger back up.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00Good. Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen.
0:14:00 > 0:14:01How was the op, Doc?
0:14:01 > 0:14:03That went really well.
0:14:03 > 0:14:05He's got another sausage finger for a couple of weeks till that
0:14:05 > 0:14:07gets better.
0:14:08 > 0:14:10On the recovery ward, Jack's wide awake.
0:14:10 > 0:14:12So, how was your snooze?
0:14:12 > 0:14:16I had, like, this dream when I was in an action figure movie.
0:14:16 > 0:14:18An action figure movie? Cool.
0:14:18 > 0:14:19But are you missing Cyril?
0:14:19 > 0:14:22Since Cyril's gone, I have a new sausage finger.
0:14:22 > 0:14:24He's forgotten Cyril already.
0:14:24 > 0:14:29I know, and it looks like he's about to take that sausage finger home.
0:14:29 > 0:14:30Bye, Jack!
0:14:30 > 0:14:31Bye!
0:14:35 > 0:14:38It's not only teams in hospitals that deal with medical emergencies.
0:14:38 > 0:14:42All over the UK, there are teams of paramedics on stand by,
0:14:42 > 0:14:43ready to help.
0:14:44 > 0:14:48We're on call with the UK emergency services, showing you what
0:14:48 > 0:14:51it's really like on the front line saving lives.
0:14:56 > 0:14:59Paramedics use state-of-the-art vehicles, like this,
0:14:59 > 0:15:01to respond to medical emergencies within minutes.
0:15:01 > 0:15:03And today, I'm going with them to see
0:15:03 > 0:15:05what it's like to be first on the scene.
0:15:07 > 0:15:10On call with me is paramedic Jan Vann.
0:15:11 > 0:15:15She can do 20 emergency call-outs in a day.
0:15:15 > 0:15:17And a new case has come through.
0:15:19 > 0:15:23So, a call's just come in about an 83-year-old woman
0:15:23 > 0:15:25with one of her legs swollen.
0:15:25 > 0:15:27So we need to get there as quick as possible.
0:15:31 > 0:15:32Following a fall three days ago,
0:15:32 > 0:15:34Doreen's leg has swollen up
0:15:34 > 0:15:36and she's not been able to leave the house.
0:15:36 > 0:15:39Her daughter is concerned something serious could be wrong.
0:15:39 > 0:15:40Oh!
0:15:40 > 0:15:42We need to see if this, that knee needs draining.
0:15:42 > 0:15:45It's quite swollen, isn't it, in comparison to the other one?
0:15:45 > 0:15:48'To have her leg properly looked at, she'll need to go to the hospital.'
0:15:48 > 0:15:505157, can I have amber back up, please, here?
0:15:50 > 0:15:52I'll arrange for an ambulance to pick you up.
0:15:52 > 0:15:54- I'll do your blood pressure... - I have to do my hair
0:15:54 > 0:15:56- and everything... - You look gorgeous, Doreen.
0:15:56 > 0:15:59- Oh, God.- You look gorgeous.
0:15:59 > 0:16:00Have you had any clots before?
0:16:00 > 0:16:01No.
0:16:01 > 0:16:03- No.- Not as I know of.
0:16:03 > 0:16:05One of the main things I think might be going on is
0:16:05 > 0:16:08she might have a clot, which can happen in older people.
0:16:08 > 0:16:10And in her legs, that doesn't cause her too much problem,
0:16:10 > 0:16:14but it can be dangerous if it moves from the legs and goes to the lungs.
0:16:14 > 0:16:18'With the ambulance on its way, we have time to do some important
0:16:18 > 0:16:21'tests that will help the hospital when Doreen gets there.'
0:16:21 > 0:16:23Doreen, this is a tracing of your heart.
0:16:23 > 0:16:25You can see, it's nice and regular.
0:16:25 > 0:16:26I'm glad something's right.
0:16:26 > 0:16:29All the lines are the right way up, and the right height,
0:16:29 > 0:16:30and they look fine.
0:16:30 > 0:16:32This is Doreen.
0:16:32 > 0:16:36Had a fall on Saturday, pain in her left knee with swelling,
0:16:36 > 0:16:37left lower leg.
0:16:37 > 0:16:40The ambulance crew have arrived, and Doreen's in great shape.
0:16:40 > 0:16:43She's really cheery, but she has got this knee pain, so we need to
0:16:43 > 0:16:47get her to hospital, fix the pain, and then she can come home again.
0:16:47 > 0:16:50We've got what's called a Stryker chair to get Doreen
0:16:50 > 0:16:54downstairs on, and it's a special designed chair that has
0:16:54 > 0:16:57runners rather than wheels, so it can slide down the stairs.
0:16:57 > 0:16:59What do you think of this, Doreen?
0:16:59 > 0:17:03I've never seen one of these before. I might get one myself.
0:17:03 > 0:17:06THEY LAUGH
0:17:06 > 0:17:09Doreen's an amazing woman, but today her leg's a bit swollen, she can't
0:17:09 > 0:17:12walk around as easily as normal, so she's going to get to hospital.
0:17:12 > 0:17:14And luckily, when she needed help,
0:17:14 > 0:17:17Jan and the amazing chair were here to give it.
0:17:18 > 0:17:22With hundreds of rapid response crews in the UK, if you have
0:17:22 > 0:17:26an accident, an emergency service like this won't be far away.
0:17:36 > 0:17:39It's one of the things that helps keep your organs warm.
0:17:39 > 0:17:42Wow! And talking of keeping warm...
0:17:45 > 0:17:47The British weather, it's so hard to predict.
0:17:47 > 0:17:50At the moment, the sun is shining and it's hot, hot, hot.
0:17:50 > 0:17:53And I always like to be the first to break out the shorts and sun cream.
0:17:53 > 0:17:54You've missed a bit.
0:17:56 > 0:17:59But you never know how long the sunshine is going to last.
0:17:59 > 0:18:01At any moment, the sun could go in.
0:18:01 > 0:18:04Don't think so, Chris, it's actually quite a nice day.
0:18:04 > 0:18:07And once the sun's gone in, it could start getting chilly
0:18:07 > 0:18:09and that could be dangerous.
0:18:11 > 0:18:14At any moment, it could bucket down with rain.
0:18:14 > 0:18:19Well, actually, Chris, I did bring an umbrella for that very eventuality.
0:18:19 > 0:18:21Arghh! Arghh. Brr...
0:18:21 > 0:18:25And in this country, even on a day like today, it could hail.
0:18:25 > 0:18:27Hail?
0:18:27 > 0:18:29Arghh!
0:18:29 > 0:18:32Which is why you should always pack an extra layer of dry clothes,
0:18:32 > 0:18:33isn't it, Xand?
0:18:33 > 0:18:35Xand?
0:18:35 > 0:18:37Uh-oh, Xand's gone pale and unresponsive.
0:18:37 > 0:18:39This looks like hypothermia.
0:19:04 > 0:19:06What do this lot think?
0:19:06 > 0:19:09B - wrap them in a blanket and call 999.
0:19:09 > 0:19:12Emily's absolutely right.
0:19:12 > 0:19:13Have a look at this.
0:19:14 > 0:19:16Let's sit you down.
0:19:17 > 0:19:20- Now how cold are you? - I'm freezing.- Are your lips blue?
0:19:20 > 0:19:23- Yeah, blue lips. - Are his lips blue?- KIDS:- Yes!
0:19:23 > 0:19:26Yes, his lips are blue. Let's get you a blanket.
0:19:26 > 0:19:28- Also... - We can give him a hot drink.
0:19:28 > 0:19:30And chocolate bar.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33'Sometimes the person may even be confused.'
0:19:33 > 0:19:34So, do you know who you are?
0:19:34 > 0:19:35I'm Dr Chris.
0:19:35 > 0:19:38Oh, dear, he's a bit confused, and he's not been able to warm himself
0:19:38 > 0:19:40up, even with the blanket or with the tea.
0:19:40 > 0:19:41I think we need more help.
0:19:43 > 0:19:44Ring-ring, ring-ring.
0:19:44 > 0:19:46Emergency services, what's the problem?
0:19:46 > 0:19:48I thought you were hypothermic?
0:19:48 > 0:19:51- I'm just doing the emergency services bit.- Oh, I see, OK, OK.
0:19:51 > 0:19:54It's Dr Chris here, I've got an emergency.
0:19:54 > 0:19:55I want the ambulance, please.
0:19:55 > 0:19:59- Oh, right, whereabouts are you? - I'm at the 'Operation Ouch!' school.
0:19:59 > 0:20:01- We'll get an ambulance to you straightaway.- Thank you.
0:20:01 > 0:20:03So, now we'll just look after you,
0:20:03 > 0:20:05and if we can, take off his wet clothes and move him indoors.
0:20:05 > 0:20:08'Who's up for treating someone with hypothermia?'
0:20:08 > 0:20:10- KIDS:- Me, me!- 'They're keen.'
0:20:11 > 0:20:15'Now remember, we're showing you what to do in an emergency, but
0:20:15 > 0:20:17'it's always best to find an adult.'
0:20:17 > 0:20:19OK, so, what else do you need to do now?
0:20:19 > 0:20:22- Get her some...some hot cocoa. - Hot cocoa.
0:20:22 > 0:20:25- And some chocolate. - And chocolate bar, lovely.
0:20:25 > 0:20:27Do you know where you are?
0:20:27 > 0:20:28Library.
0:20:28 > 0:20:31- In the library. We're not in the library, are we?- No.
0:20:31 > 0:20:33- What do we want to do?- Call 999.
0:20:33 > 0:20:35Yeah, I think we better do that.
0:20:36 > 0:20:39So, if you think someone has hypothermia, you should warm
0:20:39 > 0:20:42the person by wrapping a blanket or towel around them, and give
0:20:42 > 0:20:45them warm drinks and high-energy food such as chocolate.
0:20:47 > 0:20:49Xand, what are you doing? We've finished,
0:20:49 > 0:20:51you don't have to stuff your face with chocolate,
0:20:51 > 0:20:53you haven't got hypothermia anymore.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56Oh, right, OK. Ooh, look at that dog over there.
0:20:56 > 0:20:57A dog? I want to see this.
0:21:04 > 0:21:07Now, just take the bandage, just take it.
0:21:07 > 0:21:09Oh, this is ridiculous.
0:21:09 > 0:21:11I thought medical robotics was the future,
0:21:11 > 0:21:13but I can't even teach this one the basics.
0:21:13 > 0:21:16Xand, this isn't a medical robot, it's a toy.
0:21:16 > 0:21:18But would you like to see a real medical robot?
0:21:18 > 0:21:20Would I?
0:21:20 > 0:21:22Time for Investigation Ouch!
0:21:25 > 0:21:27Hey, I told you not to sneak up on me like that.
0:21:27 > 0:21:29Now, this is Gary.
0:21:30 > 0:21:34Now, he may look big and tough but, in fact, he's a big softie.
0:21:34 > 0:21:35Aren't you, Gary?
0:21:40 > 0:21:43Here at the Royal Marsden Hospital in London, Gary treats people
0:21:43 > 0:21:45by zapping tumour cells.
0:21:45 > 0:21:48Bodies are made up of billions of cells,
0:21:48 > 0:21:51but sometimes they can go wrong and forget to stop growing.
0:21:51 > 0:21:52And that's what a tumour is,
0:21:52 > 0:21:55a bunch of cells that have forgotten to stop growing.
0:21:55 > 0:21:59And Gary has special powers that can help get rid of tumours.
0:22:01 > 0:22:05Doctors use beams of energy called radiation to destroy bad
0:22:05 > 0:22:06tumour cells.
0:22:06 > 0:22:11Unfortunately, sometimes nice normal cells living close by can get
0:22:11 > 0:22:12destroyed too.
0:22:12 > 0:22:14And that's where Gary comes in.
0:22:14 > 0:22:18He delivers a beam of radiation as thin as a pin that's so
0:22:18 > 0:22:21precise it avoids the good cells and kills only the bad ones.
0:22:23 > 0:22:24And here to explain more about
0:22:24 > 0:22:27Gary's powers is Dr Nicholas Van As.
0:22:27 > 0:22:29Nick, I recognise some of this.
0:22:29 > 0:22:32We've got a spinal column and...and the hips.
0:22:32 > 0:22:35But what is the pink lump with the blue lines?
0:22:35 > 0:22:38So we call this picture a hedgehog, which is just a map, essentially,
0:22:38 > 0:22:42showing us where each beam of radiation's going to come in.
0:22:42 > 0:22:46So the blue lines represent one dose of radiation from the machine.
0:22:46 > 0:22:49And the pink in the middle is the tumour that we're trying to
0:22:49 > 0:22:50get rid of.
0:22:50 > 0:22:53Instead of using maybe one or two beams of radiation,
0:22:53 > 0:22:55we're using many hundreds of beams.
0:22:55 > 0:23:00The whole aim is to try and do as much damage to the...the bad bit
0:23:00 > 0:23:02and do as little damage as we can to the good bits.
0:23:04 > 0:23:07Time to see Gary in action with me in the hot seat.
0:23:07 > 0:23:08Here to assist is...
0:23:11 > 0:23:14How long does a typical treatment take?
0:23:14 > 0:23:16Most treatments take about 45 minutes to an hour.
0:23:16 > 0:23:20Do people get bored or anxious? What's it like? Should I worry?
0:23:20 > 0:23:24No, there's nothing to worry about, and you don't feel anything.
0:23:24 > 0:23:28Gary won't be beaming any radiation at me, but you will get to
0:23:28 > 0:23:30see some of his cool moves.
0:23:30 > 0:23:34It's like being inspected by a really nosy robot.
0:23:34 > 0:23:36'Using his laser eye to guide him,
0:23:36 > 0:23:40'Gary's able to attack the tumour cells from many different angles.'
0:23:40 > 0:23:43And every time he stops, that's when he'd deliver
0:23:43 > 0:23:48a dose of radiation to a tumour right in the middle of my head.
0:23:48 > 0:23:52'By zapping the tumour in this way, Gary gets the job done super fast.'
0:23:52 > 0:23:55Historically, if we wanted to give enough dose to try and get rid of
0:23:55 > 0:23:58this, we might have had to give it treatment every day for six weeks.
0:23:58 > 0:24:01With this, because we can give these high doses very accurately,
0:24:01 > 0:24:03we can do this treatment over three days.
0:24:03 > 0:24:07And that makes Gary robo-tastic.
0:24:07 > 0:24:09Patients can spend much less time in hospital
0:24:09 > 0:24:12and more time doing the things they love.
0:24:12 > 0:24:14This is one smart robot.
0:24:19 > 0:24:23In Accident and Emergency, doctors and nurses need to act fact.
0:24:23 > 0:24:25Especially when things like this happen.
0:24:28 > 0:24:31In the waiting room is seven-year-old Sally,
0:24:31 > 0:24:34who seems to have misplaced her pocket money.
0:24:34 > 0:24:37I have swallowed a coin.
0:24:37 > 0:24:38Go on.
0:24:38 > 0:24:41And I don't know how to get it out.
0:24:41 > 0:24:42Well, how did you get it in?
0:24:44 > 0:24:48Well, Xand, what happened was Sally's mum gave Sally a £1 coin
0:24:48 > 0:24:49for her pocket money.
0:24:49 > 0:24:53- Ah, nice. Did she put it in her piggy bank?- No.
0:24:53 > 0:24:56- Did she buy 100 penny sweets with it? - Nope.
0:24:56 > 0:24:59Did she use it to hire a supermarket trolley?
0:24:59 > 0:25:00No, Xand.
0:25:00 > 0:25:03Sally decided to use the coin to play catch with.
0:25:03 > 0:25:05She threw the coin higher and higher...
0:25:05 > 0:25:08Wow, that is very high.
0:25:08 > 0:25:11- I know, Xand.- I'm not sure the Queen's enjoying the ride.
0:25:11 > 0:25:14And when the coin finally came back down, Sally ran forward to
0:25:14 > 0:25:15catch it...
0:25:15 > 0:25:18but it missed her hands and went straight in her mouth.
0:25:18 > 0:25:19- BOTH:- Ouch!
0:25:21 > 0:25:24Don't worry Sally, here's Dr Alan Greyson.
0:25:24 > 0:25:25Let's see if he can help you
0:25:25 > 0:25:26get a refund.
0:25:26 > 0:25:30Since you swallowed the pound coin, how has your breathing been?
0:25:30 > 0:25:31It's been OK.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34Can I have a little listen to your chest? Is that all right?
0:25:34 > 0:25:37You take some big breaths like you've been running.
0:25:37 > 0:25:40Dr Alan needs to check that the coin isn't affecting Sally's
0:25:40 > 0:25:43breathing because that could be dangerous.
0:25:45 > 0:25:48When you swallow something like a nut, it goes down your throat,
0:25:48 > 0:25:52into your oesophagus, or food pipe, and then into your stomach.
0:25:52 > 0:25:56And Sally's coin may have done the same journey, but it could go
0:25:56 > 0:25:59down her trachea, or wind pipe, and end up in her lungs, which
0:25:59 > 0:26:01would cause her to choke.
0:26:01 > 0:26:04That all sounds normal.
0:26:04 > 0:26:07Good news, but Dr Alan needs to find out exactly where
0:26:07 > 0:26:10in her body that coin is, so it's off to X-ray.
0:26:10 > 0:26:11So, this is my camera.
0:26:11 > 0:26:14I'm just going to see if we can see your coin.
0:26:14 > 0:26:16Show me the money!
0:26:17 > 0:26:20There it is. What do you think, Nurse Fay?
0:26:20 > 0:26:22You definitely swallowed a coin.
0:26:22 > 0:26:24The coin was in my belly.
0:26:24 > 0:26:28And that means it's passed her wind pipe and there's no risk of
0:26:28 > 0:26:29it ending up in her lungs.
0:26:29 > 0:26:33So, it's back to Dr Alan to find out how to remove the coin.
0:26:33 > 0:26:36It's going to come all the way through your tummy
0:26:36 > 0:26:40and out into the toilet, probably in about two to three days' time.
0:26:40 > 0:26:41Is something on your mind, Sally?
0:26:41 > 0:26:46What if it fell in the toilet and it was very dirty?
0:26:46 > 0:26:48What we usually say to people is
0:26:48 > 0:26:50don't try and get it back out of the toilet.
0:26:50 > 0:26:53Well, I've heard of spending a penny, but never a pound.
0:26:54 > 0:27:01If I go to the toilet, the money will, like, appear in the toilet.
0:27:01 > 0:27:03That's money down the drain.
0:27:03 > 0:27:06Try keeping your pounds in your purse next time, Sally.
0:27:06 > 0:27:07- BOTH:- Bye!
0:27:08 > 0:27:11Next time on Operation Ouch!
0:27:11 > 0:27:14'We take a dip, all in the name of science.'
0:27:14 > 0:27:16This is hot.
0:27:16 > 0:27:19'We're ouch and about solving your medical mysteries.'
0:27:19 > 0:27:20Can I see the next patient?
0:27:20 > 0:27:23'And Xand faces a lie detector test.
0:27:23 > 0:27:24'Is he telling the truth?'
0:27:24 > 0:27:26I like to do ballet dancing.
0:27:26 > 0:27:27OK.
0:27:28 > 0:27:30We'll see you next time for more...
0:27:30 > 0:27:32- BOTH:- Operation Ouch!
0:27:34 > 0:27:38In the emergency department, the team are ready for their...
0:27:38 > 0:27:39- LAUGHING:- first patient.
0:27:39 > 0:27:42Have you been giving me all this tea for an experiment?
0:27:42 > 0:27:44How can I put this?
0:27:44 > 0:27:45Yes.
0:27:47 > 0:27:49Arghh, arghh...
0:27:49 > 0:27:50Brr...