0:00:23 > 0:00:25'He's Dr Chris.'
0:00:25 > 0:00:26'He's Dr Xand.'
0:00:26 > 0:00:29'And, yes, we're identical twins.'
0:00:29 > 0:00:34'Do you know your body does heaps of amazing things every single day?'
0:00:34 > 0:00:36That is incredible.
0:00:36 > 0:00:37'And we're going to show you how.'
0:00:37 > 0:00:40Oh, you've cut him in half!
0:00:40 > 0:00:42'We've got incredible experiments.'
0:00:42 > 0:00:43Whoa.
0:00:43 > 0:00:45'And real life medical emergencies.'
0:00:45 > 0:00:49- The doctor's going to make it all better.- Ouch!
0:00:49 > 0:00:51'We'll be turning our bodies inside out...'
0:00:51 > 0:00:53Oh, yuck.
0:00:53 > 0:00:56'..to show you what you're made of.'
0:00:56 > 0:00:57HE BREAKS WIND
0:00:57 > 0:00:59- You should see a doctor. - Better go find one.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02HE COUGHS
0:01:02 > 0:01:03Dr Xand?
0:01:04 > 0:01:06HE SIGHS
0:01:06 > 0:01:10- Coming up today on... - ..Operation Ouch!
0:01:10 > 0:01:11What he said.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16'We unleash the hidden energy in your food.'
0:01:16 > 0:01:18Whoa!
0:01:18 > 0:01:20HE LAUGHS
0:01:20 > 0:01:22'We sink our teeth into your medical mysteries.'
0:01:22 > 0:01:25There he is, look at that.
0:01:25 > 0:01:28'And we're on the front line, saving lives with the UK's paramedics.'
0:01:28 > 0:01:31And at the moment the suspected diagnosis is a stroke,
0:01:31 > 0:01:33so we need to get there fast.
0:01:33 > 0:01:35'But first...'
0:01:35 > 0:01:38In the emergency department the team are ready for their first patient.
0:01:38 > 0:01:39Let's meet her.
0:01:42 > 0:01:44'In Liverpool accident and emergency,
0:01:44 > 0:01:48'13-year-old Alice has done something to her leg.'
0:01:48 > 0:01:49I have a dislocated knee.
0:01:49 > 0:01:50'Well, how do you know?'
0:01:50 > 0:01:54Because I can feel my whole knee shift in the wrong direction.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56'Weird. Well, how did that happen?
0:01:56 > 0:02:01'It was break time at school and Alice was chilling with her mates.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03'Oi, Xand, leave the snow controls alone.'
0:02:03 > 0:02:05'Sorry. You did say she was chilling.
0:02:05 > 0:02:09'Righto, so did she dislocate her knee running as fast as you can see?'
0:02:09 > 0:02:10'No.'
0:02:10 > 0:02:13- 'Did she jump in the air like she really didn't care?'- 'No.'
0:02:13 > 0:02:16'Was she swinging in the gym balanced on one limb?'
0:02:16 > 0:02:19'No. And the right answer doesn't rhyme either.'
0:02:19 > 0:02:20'What was it then?'
0:02:20 > 0:02:23'She just turned and her kneecap popped out.'
0:02:23 > 0:02:25'Oh. Ouch.'
0:02:25 > 0:02:27SCHOOL BELL RINGS
0:02:27 > 0:02:29I've dislocated my knee eight or nine times before.
0:02:29 > 0:02:32'Eight or nine times? That's no laughing matter.'
0:02:32 > 0:02:35SHE LAUGHS
0:02:35 > 0:02:37'On the case is Dr Anne Kerr.'
0:02:37 > 0:02:40What we need to do today, I need to have a little look at it,
0:02:40 > 0:02:43it's going to hurt, obviously, so we'll get the gas and air,
0:02:43 > 0:02:45then I'll try and have a look at your knee
0:02:45 > 0:02:48and see if we need to straighten it up ourselves.
0:02:48 > 0:02:51'Gas and air is a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen.
0:02:51 > 0:02:55'As you breathe it in, the gas numbs the pain receptors in your brain
0:02:55 > 0:02:57'and it can also make you feel a bit funny.'
0:02:57 > 0:02:59It's called laughing gas for a reason.
0:02:59 > 0:03:01SHE LAUGHS
0:03:01 > 0:03:03'The laughing gas has kicked in and the pain is numbed.
0:03:03 > 0:03:06'So the doc can get that kneecap back in place.'
0:03:06 > 0:03:09So all we have to do really is gently straighten the knee
0:03:09 > 0:03:14whilst pushing the kneecap forwards into the middle of her knee.
0:03:14 > 0:03:18'Because Alice has dislocated her kneecap so many times,
0:03:18 > 0:03:22'she needs to come back to the hospital for a closer examination.'
0:03:25 > 0:03:28'Time for another look at the problem leg.
0:03:28 > 0:03:32'Doing that today is surgeon Nick Barton-Hanson.'
0:03:34 > 0:03:37'He's examining Alice while she's asleep under anaesthetic
0:03:37 > 0:03:39'so she won't feel a thing.'
0:03:39 > 0:03:40There are two main tests,
0:03:40 > 0:03:43the first to see if her kneecap slides over to the side,
0:03:43 > 0:03:45which it did a bit more than the other side.
0:03:45 > 0:03:48And the other one to see where the ligament's torn.
0:03:48 > 0:03:50That seems to be quite wobbly.
0:03:52 > 0:03:54'Your body is tied together to keep everything in place.
0:03:54 > 0:03:58'Ligaments tie bones to bones, and tendons tie muscles to bones.
0:03:58 > 0:04:03'If a ligament is damaged, it can make your body wobbly and unstable.'
0:04:03 > 0:04:05'So what's the verdict?'
0:04:05 > 0:04:07The reason she's been having so much trouble with that knee
0:04:07 > 0:04:10is because of the damage to that ligament.
0:04:10 > 0:04:12'And that was caused by an old injury,
0:04:12 > 0:04:14'and now her kneecap can move forward and back.
0:04:14 > 0:04:16'So how can you help, Doc?'
0:04:16 > 0:04:20What I'm going to do for her is to create a new ligament,
0:04:20 > 0:04:22that can be done in one operation.
0:04:22 > 0:04:24'Wow, amazing!
0:04:24 > 0:04:27'We'll see how Alice gets on with that later in the show.
0:04:31 > 0:04:33- 'And now to our lab...' - Ouch!
0:04:33 > 0:04:36- '..for some amazing body experiments.'- Uh!
0:04:36 > 0:04:39'Just don't try anything you see here at home.'
0:04:42 > 0:04:45Ooh, spaghetti bolognese, my absolute favourite.
0:04:46 > 0:04:50- Xand.- Yes, Chris? This is delicious by the way.
0:04:50 > 0:04:52It's not for you, it's for our experiment.
0:04:52 > 0:04:54But it's tasty and I'm hungry.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56Look, you can have some later, perhaps.
0:04:56 > 0:04:58But I want to talk about food now,
0:04:58 > 0:05:01because every year you eat about 500kg of food,
0:05:01 > 0:05:04and that's enough to fill two bathtubs to the brim.
0:05:04 > 0:05:06Why are you keeping food in the bath?
0:05:06 > 0:05:07Food goes in the fridge.
0:05:07 > 0:05:10If you keep the food in the bathtub, where do I have a bath?
0:05:10 > 0:05:11In the fridge?
0:05:11 > 0:05:15Look, Xand, no-one's interested in your kitchen/bathroom confusions.
0:05:15 > 0:05:17Now you don't just eat food because it tastes good,
0:05:17 > 0:05:20your body is actually an amazing energy conversion machine.
0:05:20 > 0:05:24So it's constantly turning what you eat into energy,
0:05:24 > 0:05:26even when you're asleep, and you use the energy from this food
0:05:26 > 0:05:30for all sorts of things, which is why I need this spag bol, Xand.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32Now watch.
0:05:32 > 0:05:36'You use up to 75% of every meal for things like breathing,
0:05:36 > 0:05:38'circulating blood and growing.'
0:05:38 > 0:05:41Are you trying to make a pie chart out of spaghetti bolognese?
0:05:41 > 0:05:43Why don't you use a pie?
0:05:43 > 0:05:45Like, I had a pie for this very job
0:05:45 > 0:05:47but it just vanished from the fridge.
0:05:47 > 0:05:50I hate it when that happens.
0:05:50 > 0:05:52'Then 10% of what you eat is used up
0:05:52 > 0:05:54'simply to digest what you've just eaten.'
0:05:54 > 0:05:56I think that's a little bit more than 10%,
0:05:56 > 0:05:58I'll just adjust it for you.
0:05:58 > 0:06:02'The remaining 15% is used up doing things you choose to do.'
0:06:02 > 0:06:04Whether it's watching Operation Ouch!,
0:06:04 > 0:06:06walking your dog or playing with your mates.
0:06:06 > 0:06:09But how does your body turn your food into energy?
0:06:09 > 0:06:10Well, we're going to show you.
0:06:15 > 0:06:18In order to release chemical energy from food,
0:06:18 > 0:06:21your body has to combine it with oxygen from the air,
0:06:21 > 0:06:22that's why you breathe.
0:06:22 > 0:06:24Now we've got pure oxygen here.
0:06:24 > 0:06:27Now we also have one digestive biscuit here
0:06:27 > 0:06:29and then the same weight of pasta.
0:06:29 > 0:06:30Now they might be the same weight,
0:06:30 > 0:06:33but they give your body different types of energy.
0:06:33 > 0:06:35'We're going to release the energy
0:06:35 > 0:06:36'from both the pasta and the biscuit
0:06:36 > 0:06:40'so you can see the different levels of energy you get from each.'
0:06:40 > 0:06:44First up, pasta, and I'm going to soak it in this liquid oxygen.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47'Inside your body, when oxygen and food are combined,
0:06:47 > 0:06:49'a chemical reaction happens naturally,
0:06:49 > 0:06:53'but outside the body we need to ignite the chemical reaction
0:06:53 > 0:06:54'using fire.
0:06:55 > 0:06:59'Now, we're using special equipment to do this experiment in our lab,
0:06:59 > 0:07:02'so don't even think about trying this at home.'
0:07:02 > 0:07:04That's a terrible way of cooking pasta,
0:07:04 > 0:07:07especially after you did such a nice job with that spaghetti.
0:07:07 > 0:07:10Xand, it's not a cookery show, this is about energy.
0:07:10 > 0:07:14'Pasta releases energy in your body slowly and steadily,
0:07:14 > 0:07:17'just like the small, steady flame burning here.
0:07:22 > 0:07:23'Will it...?'
0:07:27 > 0:07:28'Let's find out.'
0:07:30 > 0:07:31Ready?
0:07:37 > 0:07:38Whoa!
0:07:38 > 0:07:41HE LAUGHS
0:07:41 > 0:07:44Now that burns in quite a different way to the pasta.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49'So, yes, the massive flame shows that our biscuit
0:07:49 > 0:07:51'does immediately release more energy,
0:07:51 > 0:07:53'but don't be fooled by our action replay,
0:07:53 > 0:07:55'it's for a shorter amount of time.'
0:07:55 > 0:07:59'It's why you immediately perk up after eating something sweet
0:07:59 > 0:08:01'but then have a slump soon after.'
0:08:02 > 0:08:04You've ruined it!
0:08:04 > 0:08:07I was really looking forward to that!
0:08:07 > 0:08:09This is a complete disaster!
0:08:09 > 0:08:11I think it was a great success.
0:08:12 > 0:08:15'So while we get energy from all the food we eat,
0:08:15 > 0:08:18'some foods like pasta release it slowly.
0:08:18 > 0:08:22'While other sweet foods deliver a quick but short-lived energy burst,
0:08:22 > 0:08:25'which isn't much use if you want to get through the day.'
0:08:25 > 0:08:29And so a digestive biscuit should only be enjoyed as a treat,
0:08:29 > 0:08:30isn't that right, Xand?
0:08:30 > 0:08:33HE MUMBLES
0:08:35 > 0:08:39'Now we're getting Ouch & About with our mobile clinic.'
0:08:41 > 0:08:46'Today we're at a theme park to help solve your medical mysteries.'
0:08:46 > 0:08:48'If you're anxious about an ailment...'
0:08:48 > 0:08:50'..or curious about a condition...'
0:08:50 > 0:08:52'..then the Ouch-Mobile is the place for you.'
0:08:52 > 0:08:54That is incredible.
0:08:54 > 0:08:58'Chris is preparing the clinic, ready for his first patient.'
0:08:58 > 0:09:02'And Xand is out in the park to answer your burning questions.'
0:09:02 > 0:09:04'At the clinic, Chris is open for business.'
0:09:04 > 0:09:06Next patient, please.
0:09:06 > 0:09:08'First in is ten-year-old Soriah,
0:09:08 > 0:09:11'with a question about some troublesome teeth.'
0:09:11 > 0:09:14Soriah, why have you come to the Ouch-Mobile today?
0:09:14 > 0:09:16Because I've got an interesting extra tooth
0:09:16 > 0:09:18in between my two front teeth.
0:09:18 > 0:09:20'What's the diagnosis, Doc?'
0:09:20 > 0:09:22This sounds like a case of...
0:09:25 > 0:09:26'Sounds right to me.'
0:09:27 > 0:09:29Open wide.
0:09:29 > 0:09:31There he is, look at that.
0:09:31 > 0:09:34So when you're born, all your grown-up teeth
0:09:34 > 0:09:36are already in your jaw.
0:09:36 > 0:09:38And when your milk teeth are falling out
0:09:38 > 0:09:41it's cos your grown-up teeth are pushing them through,
0:09:41 > 0:09:45and I think what's happened is that tooth is an old milk tooth,
0:09:45 > 0:09:47and as the two big grown-up teeth have come through,
0:09:47 > 0:09:49they've pushed that one back.
0:09:49 > 0:09:51Will my extra tooth ever fall out?
0:09:51 > 0:09:53In some people they do fall out,
0:09:53 > 0:09:57but probably you're going to need it taken out by a dentist.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00The good news is most of the time the dentist will put you to sleep,
0:10:00 > 0:10:03so you won't feel a thing, you just wake up and the tooth is gone.
0:10:05 > 0:10:09'Away from the clinic, Xand is Ouch & About in the park.'
0:10:09 > 0:10:12Why does your tummy flip
0:10:12 > 0:10:15when you go up or down on a roller-coaster?
0:10:15 > 0:10:17Inside you not everything is firmly fixed down,
0:10:17 > 0:10:20so there are some bits of your body that are firmly attached
0:10:20 > 0:10:22and don't move much, but your stomach isn't one of them -
0:10:22 > 0:10:24it's quite elastic and it can move around.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27So what is literally happening is you're going up,
0:10:27 > 0:10:29and your stomach's being pulled down. As you go over the hill,
0:10:29 > 0:10:32your stomach keeps going up and you start going down again.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35So your stomach is almost flipping, it can make you feel a bit sick.
0:10:35 > 0:10:40Dr Xand, how do antibiotics know which part of your body to affect?
0:10:40 > 0:10:43What's happening is every cell in your body
0:10:43 > 0:10:44is exposed to the antibiotics,
0:10:44 > 0:10:47but you can imagine the bacteria are quite different cells
0:10:47 > 0:10:50to the ones in your body, like, they just work in different ways,
0:10:50 > 0:10:52they've got different enzymes, different proteins and so on.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55And so the antibiotics are specially designed
0:10:55 > 0:10:56to interfere with the bacteria
0:10:56 > 0:10:59without interfering with the cells in your body.
0:10:59 > 0:11:01It's a very difficult question.
0:11:03 > 0:11:06'Back at the Ouch-Mobile, there's a new case in the waiting room.'
0:11:06 > 0:11:08Next patient, please.
0:11:08 > 0:11:12'And it's eight-year-old Cassius whose toes need some tending.'
0:11:12 > 0:11:15So, Cassius, what brings you to the Ouch-Mobile?
0:11:15 > 0:11:19On one of my feet, on all of my toes, on all of my nails,
0:11:19 > 0:11:21they're golden-y yellow.
0:11:21 > 0:11:23'What's the diagnosis, Doc?'
0:11:23 > 0:11:25So this sounds like a rare case of...
0:11:31 > 0:11:33'Easy for you to say.'
0:11:33 > 0:11:35Goodness me, yeah.
0:11:35 > 0:11:38I can see under your nails is also infected.
0:11:38 > 0:11:42Fungus that has infected your nails, it's a bit like a mushroom.
0:11:42 > 0:11:44And if you ever go to a mushroom farm,
0:11:44 > 0:11:47they have to grow in dark, damp conditions,
0:11:47 > 0:11:50a bit like the conditions we find in your shoe.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52What can I do about it?
0:11:52 > 0:11:54There are a couple of things you can do.
0:11:54 > 0:11:56You can take medication, you can get anti-fungal treatments
0:11:56 > 0:11:58that you paint on the nail.
0:11:58 > 0:11:59The second thing you can do
0:11:59 > 0:12:02is wear quite loose-fitting shoes that breathe easily,
0:12:02 > 0:12:04and, sometimes, on a sunny day like this,
0:12:04 > 0:12:06you should just wear flip-flops.
0:12:06 > 0:12:09'And don't forget to change your socks every day, too.'
0:12:09 > 0:12:11'Job done for today.'
0:12:13 > 0:12:15'Still to come, speed is of the essence
0:12:15 > 0:12:18'for the West Midlands Ambulance Service.'
0:12:18 > 0:12:21This numbness in this side of the face is not normal.
0:12:21 > 0:12:23- 'We show you how to cope with a medical emergency.'- Agh!
0:12:23 > 0:12:25My finger!
0:12:25 > 0:12:28'And over a million kids in the UK have this health problem.'
0:12:28 > 0:12:30Blow out as hard and as fast as you can.
0:12:30 > 0:12:32'Find out what it is later.'
0:12:34 > 0:12:36Remember Alice and her dislocated knee?
0:12:36 > 0:12:39Well, let's head back to the accident and emergency department
0:12:39 > 0:12:41to see how she's getting on.
0:12:44 > 0:12:48'In Liverpool, Alice is back for an operation on her dodgy knee.'
0:12:49 > 0:12:52'Oh, yes, I remember, she was just chilling.'
0:12:52 > 0:12:55'Oh, no, you don't, we haven't got time, this is just a recap.
0:12:55 > 0:12:58'It was break time at school and Alice was sitting on a table
0:12:58 > 0:13:00'swinging her leg.'
0:13:00 > 0:13:03'Then she turned and her kneecap popped out.
0:13:03 > 0:13:05'Ouch!'
0:13:05 > 0:13:07'So what is this op going to do?'
0:13:07 > 0:13:10Hopefully this'll make my life better.
0:13:10 > 0:13:13'And with that, Alice heads off down to theatre for an operation
0:13:13 > 0:13:18'to rebuild her knee ligament, using one of her own tendons.'
0:13:18 > 0:13:20'Now remember, your body is tied together
0:13:20 > 0:13:22'to keep everything in place.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25'Ligaments tie bones to bones, and tendons tie muscles to bones.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27'But Alice's ligament is damaged,
0:13:27 > 0:13:30'making her knee wobbly and unstable.'
0:13:30 > 0:13:32'Still smiling, Alice is soon off to sleep
0:13:32 > 0:13:35'and ready for knee fixer extraordinaire
0:13:35 > 0:13:38'Mr Nick Barton-Hanson.'
0:13:38 > 0:13:41'It's lights, camera, action as Nick's using a special camera
0:13:41 > 0:13:43'to fix Alice's knee.'
0:13:44 > 0:13:48'The first thing he does is pull out two of Alice's tendons.
0:13:48 > 0:13:52'These long, stringy things attach muscles to bones.'
0:13:52 > 0:13:55That's going to be the new ligament when it's put in.
0:13:55 > 0:13:57'Before that, he needs to stretch them.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00'This makes them less elastic and a bit stronger.'
0:14:01 > 0:14:05'Now he needs to get Alice's knee ready for her new ligament.
0:14:05 > 0:14:09'A shaver and vaporiser gets rid of the old damaged ligament
0:14:09 > 0:14:10'and scar tissue.
0:14:10 > 0:14:14'Next, a hole is drilled in the bone to hold the new ligament.
0:14:14 > 0:14:19'Now the new ligament is prepped and ready to go into Alice's knee.'
0:14:19 > 0:14:22'That done, the whole thing's tightened up and locked in place
0:14:22 > 0:14:23'with a plastic screw.'
0:14:23 > 0:14:27That's more like it, doesn't wobble around any more or dislocate.
0:14:27 > 0:14:29'Ain't Mr Hanson the man?'
0:14:30 > 0:14:32'Alice gets stitched up.'
0:14:32 > 0:14:34And we're finished. The operation went very well.
0:14:34 > 0:14:38She's got a lot of hard work to do herself now.
0:14:38 > 0:14:41I think she'll do very well with it and she should be fine.
0:14:41 > 0:14:42'Our patient is soon awake,
0:14:42 > 0:14:45'but it will take six weeks of physiotherapy
0:14:45 > 0:14:46'to get her knee working again.'
0:14:46 > 0:14:51Hopefully I can do sport now and football, and it'll be yay!
0:14:51 > 0:14:52'Great result!'
0:14:52 > 0:14:54- BOTH:- 'Bye, Alice. Bye, bear.'
0:14:59 > 0:15:02'We're on call with the UK emergency services,
0:15:02 > 0:15:06'showing you what it's really like on the front line saving lives.'
0:15:10 > 0:15:14The West Midlands Ambulance Service is on standby all day, every day,
0:15:14 > 0:15:16to respond to emergencies.
0:15:16 > 0:15:18I'm hitching a ride in this rapid response vehicle
0:15:18 > 0:15:21so you get to see up close what it's like to be first on the scene.
0:15:23 > 0:15:26'On call with me is paramedic Jan Vann.
0:15:26 > 0:15:29'She can do 20 emergency callouts in a day!
0:15:31 > 0:15:33'And a new case is just in.'
0:15:35 > 0:15:37We've been called to see a 44-year-old lady,
0:15:37 > 0:15:40and at the moment the suspected diagnosis is a stroke.
0:15:40 > 0:15:42Now that means that she's potentially got
0:15:42 > 0:15:45a blocked blood vessel in her brain.
0:15:45 > 0:15:47If you act quickly, you can get a much better result
0:15:47 > 0:15:50than if you wait, so we need to get there fast.
0:15:54 > 0:15:57'Minutes later we arrive at the address.
0:15:57 > 0:15:59'Inside, Jyoti is in shock.
0:15:59 > 0:16:03'She's lost feeling down one side of her body and has no idea why.'
0:16:03 > 0:16:06It suddenly started going all numb.
0:16:06 > 0:16:08- On the... On the left side of your face?- Yes.- OK.
0:16:08 > 0:16:10And then I started going down, down, down,
0:16:10 > 0:16:12then my husband pulled me back up.
0:16:12 > 0:16:14- You started slumping in the chair, did you?- Yeah.
0:16:14 > 0:16:15I'm going to do a few checks on you.
0:16:15 > 0:16:17If it is something serious like a stroke,
0:16:17 > 0:16:20which obviously we're all concerned about,
0:16:20 > 0:16:22it can be managed and it can be treated, OK?
0:16:22 > 0:16:25(So Jyoti has high blood pressure and she's got diabetes,
0:16:25 > 0:16:29(and both of those things make having a stroke a little bit more likely.)
0:16:29 > 0:16:32- Can you feel me touching it? - I feel that side.
0:16:32 > 0:16:34- Can you not feel this side? - Not much, no.
0:16:34 > 0:16:37(So what Jan's doing now is assessing how well
0:16:37 > 0:16:39(Jyoti's nerves in the brain are working,
0:16:39 > 0:16:42(and that will tell us whether or not there's a problem in her brain
0:16:42 > 0:16:45(and how quickly she needs to get to hospital.)
0:16:45 > 0:16:48This numbness in this side of the face is not normal,
0:16:48 > 0:16:50so I would like to get you checked over at the hospital,
0:16:50 > 0:16:54just to make sure that it's not, like, the start
0:16:54 > 0:16:55of anything like a stroke.
0:16:55 > 0:16:58(So one of the most difficult parts of Jan's job
0:16:58 > 0:17:00(is not just making medical decisions,
0:17:00 > 0:17:01(but also dealing with people,
0:17:01 > 0:17:04(trying to persuade people who are frightened of hospitals
0:17:04 > 0:17:05(that maybe it's a good idea to go in,
0:17:05 > 0:17:08(and explain to people what's wrong, and that's what she's doing.)
0:17:08 > 0:17:10I'll arrange for the ambulance to come,
0:17:10 > 0:17:13but I'm going to stay with you the whole time, OK?
0:17:13 > 0:17:155157, just amber backup, please.
0:17:15 > 0:17:17RADIO CHATTER
0:17:17 > 0:17:19'By the time the ambulance crew arrive...'
0:17:19 > 0:17:20Hiya.
0:17:20 > 0:17:24'..Jyoti's mood has lifted, thanks largely to the expert care
0:17:24 > 0:17:27'she's received from Jan. She even manages a little joke.'
0:17:27 > 0:17:29Why do you think you're feeling better?
0:17:29 > 0:17:31Dealing with two handsome men like you.
0:17:31 > 0:17:32- Is that what it is?- Yeah.
0:17:32 > 0:17:34Don't make their heads any bigger than they are.
0:17:34 > 0:17:36- Are we going to the optician's? - THEY LAUGH
0:17:36 > 0:17:38Oh, very good.
0:17:42 > 0:17:45So Jyoti's now in the ambulance and she's about to go to hospital,
0:17:45 > 0:17:47where she'll get the treatment that she needs.
0:17:47 > 0:17:50She's laughing and joking, she's much more relaxed,
0:17:50 > 0:17:53it's a really good result for the emergency services.
0:17:53 > 0:17:55She said "bye"!
0:18:05 > 0:18:08'So you'd better look after those thumbs of yours.'
0:18:11 > 0:18:14The car, not only is it my pride and joy,
0:18:14 > 0:18:16but it's a perfect way of getting out and about
0:18:16 > 0:18:18and experiencing the thrill of the open road.
0:18:21 > 0:18:24But remember, long car journeys can be difficult,
0:18:24 > 0:18:26so it's best to be prepared.
0:18:26 > 0:18:27Are you ready, Xand?
0:18:27 > 0:18:31Certainly am. I've got some excellent reading material.
0:18:33 > 0:18:35Got a little something to eat in case I get hungry.
0:18:35 > 0:18:37And I've got some water.
0:18:37 > 0:18:42Fair enough, Xand, but the car can also be a place of danger!
0:18:43 > 0:18:45You could choke on those sweets.
0:18:45 > 0:18:46Never.
0:18:46 > 0:18:49Well, you could read your comic book and make yourself sick.
0:18:49 > 0:18:51No, I don't think so.
0:18:51 > 0:18:54Well, you can drink too much water and need a pee.
0:18:57 > 0:18:59Um, OK.
0:18:59 > 0:19:02All right. Let's get your seatbelt on and close the door.
0:19:03 > 0:19:06Actually, I do need a wee.
0:19:06 > 0:19:08Argh!
0:19:11 > 0:19:13My finger.
0:19:13 > 0:19:15Uh-oh. Looks like an injury alert.
0:19:37 > 0:19:39Aliah, what would you do?
0:19:39 > 0:19:42B. I would my fingers up in the air.
0:19:42 > 0:19:45'In fact, Aliah is absolutely right,
0:19:45 > 0:19:47'the correct answer is B.
0:19:47 > 0:19:48'Check this out.'
0:19:49 > 0:19:53- So what are you going to now with your broken thumb?- Oh, uh.
0:19:53 > 0:19:56Right, get it up next to that one and put it there.
0:19:56 > 0:19:59Put it there, or if you wanted to reduce the swelling,
0:19:59 > 0:20:02you could put it anywhere above your heart, put your hand up in the air.
0:20:02 > 0:20:04- You might get tired.- Still hurts!
0:20:04 > 0:20:06When you break bones they bleed,
0:20:06 > 0:20:09you get swelling under the skin, and that's partly what hurts.
0:20:09 > 0:20:11If you put the hand up,
0:20:11 > 0:20:13less blood can get to it,
0:20:13 > 0:20:15and all you have to do is put your hand above your heart.
0:20:15 > 0:20:18Because your heart's where all the blood comes from.
0:20:18 > 0:20:21So even if you just put it up there, that'll help.
0:20:21 > 0:20:23'So who wants to have a go?
0:20:23 > 0:20:26'Now remember, we're showing you what to do in an emergency,
0:20:26 > 0:20:28'but it's always best to find an adult.'
0:20:28 > 0:20:30SCREAMING
0:20:30 > 0:20:31You've just broken my finger?
0:20:31 > 0:20:33So what are you going to do now?
0:20:33 > 0:20:35Put your hand above your heart.
0:20:36 > 0:20:39Ow! Ow!
0:20:39 > 0:20:42- So what have you done there? - I've put my hand here,
0:20:42 > 0:20:46so that the blood goes...drains down.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49What we could do is we could use her own hood.
0:20:49 > 0:20:52Jasmine, do you want to see if you can put your hand
0:20:52 > 0:20:55in the hoodie in a way that you can then just chill out?
0:20:55 > 0:20:58- How does that work? Does that feel better?- Yes.
0:20:59 > 0:21:02'So if you think you might have broken your finger,
0:21:02 > 0:21:06'elevate it to stop it throbbing, support it and tell an adult.'
0:21:08 > 0:21:10Right, now, Xand, are you sure you don't need a wee?
0:21:10 > 0:21:12No, I've got it all sorted.
0:21:19 > 0:21:22'Your body is amazing, but sometimes it needs fixing.
0:21:22 > 0:21:25'All over the UK there are special teams of professionals
0:21:25 > 0:21:27'trained to tackle medical mysteries,
0:21:27 > 0:21:30'and sometimes their work is life-changing.'
0:21:32 > 0:21:35'Whatever you're doing, wherever you are, you never stop breathing.
0:21:35 > 0:21:37'Whether you're playing football...
0:21:38 > 0:21:41'..out for a relaxing country walk...
0:21:41 > 0:21:43'or having a nice little nap.'
0:21:45 > 0:21:48In fact, you breathe 20,000 times a day
0:21:48 > 0:21:50and you don't even have to think about it.
0:21:50 > 0:21:52Your body does it automatically.
0:21:52 > 0:21:53But from time to time,
0:21:53 > 0:21:56people can have problems with their breathing,
0:21:56 > 0:21:58and this can be due to a condition called asthma.
0:21:58 > 0:22:01'Asthma is a very common lung condition.
0:22:01 > 0:22:03'You might even have it yourself.
0:22:03 > 0:22:06'Every time you breathe, air travels down your windpipe
0:22:06 > 0:22:07'and into your bronchi -
0:22:07 > 0:22:10'the tubes that carry the air in and out of your lungs.'
0:22:10 > 0:22:14'But if someone has asthma, their bronchi can swell and become narrow,
0:22:14 > 0:22:18'which causes wheezing and can lead to an asthma attack.'
0:22:18 > 0:22:20Over a million kids in the UK have asthma,
0:22:20 > 0:22:22you probably know someone with it yourself,
0:22:22 > 0:22:25and today I'm going to the asthma clinic
0:22:25 > 0:22:28at the Evelina London Children's Hospital to find out more.
0:22:28 > 0:22:31And this is how I get to the clinic. Argh!
0:22:33 > 0:22:37'In for a regular checkup is ten-year-old James.'
0:22:37 > 0:22:40Just got to weigh you and see how tall you are.
0:22:40 > 0:22:43'A year ago his asthma was so bad he was hospitalised
0:22:43 > 0:22:46'and ended up in intensive care,
0:22:46 > 0:22:49'but now the condition is being managed at the asthma clinic.'
0:22:49 > 0:22:52- You show me how you do it at home, OK?- OK.
0:22:52 > 0:22:57'Nurse Carol wants to make sure James is using his inhaler properly.
0:22:57 > 0:23:00'It delivers medicine straight to the lungs, where it's needed.'
0:23:00 > 0:23:02Wonderful.
0:23:02 > 0:23:04'And James has two inhalers -
0:23:04 > 0:23:07'a purple one, which reduces swelling in the airways
0:23:07 > 0:23:09'to prevent an asthma attack,
0:23:09 > 0:23:13'and a blue one, which calms any swelling and allows air through,
0:23:13 > 0:23:16'even if an attack is already happening.'
0:23:17 > 0:23:21'Ready for James is Dr Jane Heraghty.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24'She wants to find out if his medication is doing its job.'
0:23:24 > 0:23:26And does your asthma stop you doing
0:23:26 > 0:23:28- anything that all your friends can do?- No.- You can run around
0:23:28 > 0:23:31- and you're as fast as they are at running around?- Yep.
0:23:31 > 0:23:33Good. That's what we're aiming for.
0:23:33 > 0:23:36'To get a proper look at how James's lungs are working,
0:23:36 > 0:23:38'Dr Jane uses this special machine
0:23:38 > 0:23:39'called a spirometer.'
0:23:39 > 0:23:41So what does this machine do?
0:23:41 > 0:23:43It's measuring how big a breath he's taking in
0:23:43 > 0:23:46and how quickly he can blow that air out
0:23:46 > 0:23:48and it shows us if his airways are narrowed.
0:23:48 > 0:23:50There we go, let's see if this little boy
0:23:50 > 0:23:52can blow these petals off the flower for me.
0:23:52 > 0:23:56So big breath in and blow out as hard and as fast as you can.
0:23:56 > 0:23:59Go, go, go, go.
0:23:59 > 0:24:01Excellent. Look, nice big rainbow, well done.
0:24:01 > 0:24:03And how do James's results look?
0:24:03 > 0:24:05They're excellent and it shows his lungs are good
0:24:05 > 0:24:08and he's taking his inhalers, which is what we want.
0:24:10 > 0:24:13'It's a great result for James and there's even better news to come.'
0:24:13 > 0:24:14Your lung function tests are good.
0:24:14 > 0:24:16You're not getting any asthma symptoms,
0:24:16 > 0:24:19so I think we can reduce down your inhalers a little bit.
0:24:19 > 0:24:21So we'll get you to take one puff in the morning
0:24:21 > 0:24:25and one puff in the evening, so halving your medicines,
0:24:25 > 0:24:27but still taking them regularly.
0:24:27 > 0:24:28So is that good news?
0:24:28 > 0:24:30Yeah. That's good news.
0:24:30 > 0:24:33- So I'll see you soon. - Thank you. Bye-bye.
0:24:33 > 0:24:36'Some people grow out of asthma, while others have it forever,
0:24:36 > 0:24:40'but with treatments now available, it doesn't have to impact your life.'
0:24:40 > 0:24:44Asthma is actually the most common long-term health problem
0:24:44 > 0:24:47that people in the UK have, but as we've seen today,
0:24:47 > 0:24:49it can actually be really well managed
0:24:49 > 0:24:52with regular checkups and the right medication.
0:24:54 > 0:24:58In A & E our next patient has had an unusual accident.
0:24:58 > 0:25:01Luckily he's in the right place to get sorted.
0:25:01 > 0:25:02- BOTH:- Phew!
0:25:04 > 0:25:06'Let's see who's in Liverpool's
0:25:06 > 0:25:08'accident and emergency waiting room.'
0:25:08 > 0:25:11My name is Ben. This is Ruby.
0:25:11 > 0:25:12This is Scarlett.
0:25:12 > 0:25:14'Nice to meet you, what's up?'
0:25:14 > 0:25:17When I was climbing upstairs
0:25:17 > 0:25:19with my socks off.
0:25:19 > 0:25:21'Yes?'
0:25:21 > 0:25:23It's the only way I could get up quicker.
0:25:23 > 0:25:24'Right.'
0:25:24 > 0:25:27At one point there was a slide,
0:25:27 > 0:25:29and I broke my arm.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31That will do.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34'It certainly will. Let's piece that together, shall we?
0:25:34 > 0:25:37'Ben was having a good time playing in the fun park
0:25:37 > 0:25:39'with his two sisters.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42'He was running and climbing all over the place.'
0:25:42 > 0:25:43'Looks fun.'
0:25:43 > 0:25:46'But his socks were making him slip so he took them off.'
0:25:46 > 0:25:49'Oh, could be smelly!'
0:25:49 > 0:25:51'No, Xand, that's your feet.
0:25:51 > 0:25:54'Anyway, sockless Ben climbed even higher
0:25:54 > 0:25:58'and on the way up he slipped and slammed his arm.'
0:25:58 > 0:25:59'Ouch!'
0:26:01 > 0:26:05'After a quick trip to X-ray, the next stop is minor injuries.
0:26:07 > 0:26:09'Where nurse practitioner
0:26:09 > 0:26:11'Sarah Jackson is waiting.'
0:26:11 > 0:26:13Can I have a little look at your hand, then?
0:26:13 > 0:26:15- Be careful.- I will be very careful.
0:26:15 > 0:26:19'Nurse Sarah carefully checks that Ben's arm is working properly.'
0:26:19 > 0:26:21Can you wriggle your fingers for me?
0:26:21 > 0:26:23And have you had a picture?
0:26:23 > 0:26:24- Yeah. Two.- Two pictures.
0:26:24 > 0:26:27- Shall we go and have a little look and see what you've done?- Yeah.
0:26:27 > 0:26:29'Then she checks his X-rays.'
0:26:29 > 0:26:33Looking at the X-ray I saw two small buckle fractures.
0:26:33 > 0:26:35'That's those bulges there.'
0:26:35 > 0:26:38What we're going to do is we're going to pop him in a splint,
0:26:38 > 0:26:41he needs to keep the splint on for three weeks, OK?
0:26:41 > 0:26:43- What's a splint? - It's like a magic plaster.
0:26:44 > 0:26:46'Magic!'
0:26:46 > 0:26:49This goes on your hand, OK?
0:26:49 > 0:26:52'Now Ben gets his splint on, this supports his arm
0:26:52 > 0:26:54'and keeps it straight while his bones heal.'
0:26:54 > 0:26:57And will I have to go to school like this?
0:26:57 > 0:26:59Yeah, you'll have to go to school like that.
0:26:59 > 0:27:01'With that answered, he's off.
0:27:01 > 0:27:03'Have you learned anything today, Ben?'
0:27:03 > 0:27:06I'm going to be more careful with my arm.
0:27:06 > 0:27:07'Glad to hear it.'
0:27:07 > 0:27:08Be quiet, girls.
0:27:08 > 0:27:10'Well sorted, Ben.'
0:27:10 > 0:27:12BOTH: 'Bye, girls. Bye, Ben!'
0:27:12 > 0:27:14Bye-bye.
0:27:15 > 0:27:17'Next time on Operation Ouch!...'
0:27:17 > 0:27:19Meet my veins.
0:27:19 > 0:27:22'..we get under Xand's skin all in the name of science.'
0:27:22 > 0:27:23On me head, son.
0:27:23 > 0:27:26'We show you what to do if this happens...'
0:27:27 > 0:27:29'And Xand gets an unusual workout.'
0:27:29 > 0:27:31I'm going to catch you.
0:27:32 > 0:27:34So that's it till next time from...
0:27:34 > 0:27:36..Operation Ouch!
0:27:38 > 0:27:41They should only be enjoyed as a treat, isn't that right, Xand?
0:27:41 > 0:27:43MUMBLES WITH MOUTH FULL
0:27:43 > 0:27:45LAUGHTER