Eve Arnold - In Retrospect

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0:01:25 > 0:01:31The life in the pictures are the people themselves. It's definitely human studies.

0:01:31 > 0:01:36- <- The Migrants and Marilyn, you want together - it's the same area.

0:01:36 > 0:01:39We didn't mind back-tracking a bit.

0:01:39 > 0:01:44My problem is - what does it say, and does it make sense?

0:01:44 > 0:01:49I would say a certain consciousness I see from the photographs...

0:01:49 > 0:01:52and an awareness of...

0:01:52 > 0:01:54humanity.

0:01:54 > 0:01:59- What about the queen being on the left and the bobbies on the right?- >

0:01:59 > 0:02:02The queen is ALWAYS on the right.

0:02:02 > 0:02:04THEY LAUGH

0:02:04 > 0:02:07And you walk out backward.

0:02:08 > 0:02:11It's not posed. It's like she happens upon it.

0:02:11 > 0:02:15She is versatile. She has an eye for many things.

0:02:15 > 0:02:19These two get lost on this big wall...

0:02:19 > 0:02:22'I fell into photography by accident.

0:02:22 > 0:02:27'Practically everything I did for the first few years was by chance.'

0:02:27 > 0:02:30..Cos you've got this big wall here.

0:02:30 > 0:02:36'I've always felt the difference between a fine and an average photographer

0:02:36 > 0:02:42'is having the wit to take advantage of the chance of what's going on.

0:02:42 > 0:02:47'I figured they were my children - the bad, the good and the medium!'

0:02:47 > 0:02:51- That one's good! - Oh, yes!

0:02:55 > 0:02:58Stop admiring your pictures!

0:02:58 > 0:03:01Who else is gonna do it if I don't?

0:03:11 > 0:03:16I first met Eve when she came to Ireland

0:03:16 > 0:03:19to talk to my father about The Misfits.

0:03:19 > 0:03:23I worked on... eight or nine of Huston's films.

0:03:23 > 0:03:29I was going to make this film with my father. I was about 15 years old...

0:03:29 > 0:03:32John asked me to photograph her.

0:03:32 > 0:03:36To launch my... rather dim career at the time!

0:03:36 > 0:03:41He had had, um...Bailey... I shouldn't name him!

0:03:41 > 0:03:44He had two photographers photograph her.

0:03:44 > 0:03:47Norman Parkinson and David Bailey.

0:03:47 > 0:03:51I was very prone to wearing a lot of make-up,

0:03:51 > 0:03:53which wasn't appropriate

0:03:53 > 0:03:59for a... a 15th-century heroine.

0:03:59 > 0:04:02She looked about 40, so I lit her dramatically.

0:04:02 > 0:04:07I was in Ireland and Eve was brought into the picture.

0:04:07 > 0:04:12I dressed her colourfully and we went to Ireland where she was happy.

0:04:12 > 0:04:16And I remember our going out to a ruined castle

0:04:16 > 0:04:19in a Kenneth Noland dress.

0:04:19 > 0:04:22And...very quietly,

0:04:22 > 0:04:26and succinctly, as was her way,

0:04:26 > 0:04:28she proceeded to take photographs.

0:04:28 > 0:04:33I remember being tortured by my physical image -

0:04:33 > 0:04:36anything I thought really resembled me.

0:04:36 > 0:04:43So, of all the photographs that were taken for the movie, Eve's were my least favourite

0:04:43 > 0:04:46because they look the most like me.

0:04:48 > 0:04:52Now, I would say they're quite fresh and sweet.

0:04:52 > 0:04:56What's odd about those photographs

0:04:56 > 0:04:59is I don't remember her recording those moments.

0:04:59 > 0:05:06At that time, I remember my relationship with my father being mostly frictional.

0:05:06 > 0:05:09I'm shocked at how "sweet" they are.

0:05:12 > 0:05:15She recorded the apologetic side of me.

0:05:15 > 0:05:18 The part that was reluctant.

0:05:18 > 0:05:21All of those things that I was feeling.

0:05:21 > 0:05:27You look at images of yourself that destroyed you in your youth

0:05:27 > 0:05:31that now appear sort of...lovely!

0:05:31 > 0:05:35Eve is the fly on the wall with the very round eyes

0:05:35 > 0:05:39that sees all the permutations and sees all of the aspects.

0:05:39 > 0:05:43- WOMAN:- It takes me on a level, too.

0:05:43 > 0:05:48- Do we need it?- Yeah!

0:05:50 > 0:05:52It talks about your photo origins.

0:05:52 > 0:05:57I don't know why I asked my son's nursemaid about fashion in Harlem.

0:05:57 > 0:06:02She told me there were 300 fashion shows a year with paid audiences.

0:06:26 > 0:06:33'The thing that I find incredible is to be here after all these years.

0:06:33 > 0:06:36'This church was very important in this.'

0:06:36 > 0:06:39So where would the girls be coming from?

0:06:39 > 0:06:43They would come from here or here,

0:06:43 > 0:06:46singly or sometimes in a long parade.

0:06:46 > 0:06:50All in this very narrow space. It was incredible.

0:06:50 > 0:06:53They would stride across here.

0:06:53 > 0:06:57There were a few like fabulous Charlotte Stibling -

0:06:57 > 0:06:59she was stunning.

0:06:59 > 0:07:03When I first came in, she was swinging along the catwalk.

0:07:03 > 0:07:07When she saw me, she started to mince

0:07:07 > 0:07:09like white women did.

0:07:09 > 0:07:14They would stop and pose - that's what she did when she saw me.

0:07:14 > 0:07:19In those days, she had a suitcase of hairpieces that were all colours.

0:07:19 > 0:07:22She was THE big model of the year.

0:07:23 > 0:07:26- Corsets...- But gorgeous ones!

0:07:26 > 0:07:32They designed them and made them themselves with great style.

0:07:32 > 0:07:38There's a lot to be said about style. We all have our own style.

0:07:38 > 0:07:43Harlem's been known for years and years for its wonderful style.

0:07:43 > 0:07:47All you have to do is come to church on any Sunday

0:07:47 > 0:07:50to see what style is!

0:07:50 > 0:07:54I remember very well Yves Saint Laurent said...

0:07:54 > 0:08:00He was the only designer when I started modelling in 1975

0:08:00 > 0:08:05who used black girls in abundance - in any shape, in any colour,

0:08:05 > 0:08:09light-skinned, dark-skinned and anything in between.

0:08:09 > 0:08:12He was totally inspired by Harlem.

0:08:12 > 0:08:15An ordinary worker would earn 10 a week.

0:08:15 > 0:08:19They would pay 3 to see the show.

0:08:19 > 0:08:22So it was more like an entertainment?

0:08:22 > 0:08:25It was that and it was a social evening,

0:08:25 > 0:08:28a kind of a coming together

0:08:28 > 0:08:30of black peoples.

0:08:30 > 0:08:35It was something that was highly personal and original, and theirs.

0:08:35 > 0:08:42The shows were the only time where black models had a chance to take flight, to show what they can do.

0:08:42 > 0:08:46But we were never considered as beauties for photography.

0:08:46 > 0:08:52What they were doing and the clothes they were making was a social protest.

0:08:52 > 0:08:59They didn't want any part of the shmatte trade in New York. They stayed far away.

0:08:59 > 0:09:03If they bought fabric, they bought it in Harlem.

0:09:03 > 0:09:07If they bought patterns, they bought them in Harlem.

0:09:07 > 0:09:11It was almost impossible to place this story,

0:09:11 > 0:09:15so it went to Britain to be published.

0:09:15 > 0:09:18It was never published in the US.

0:09:18 > 0:09:21Whether it is photography or music,

0:09:21 > 0:09:26it still had to go through Europe to return to America to be celebrated.

0:09:27 > 0:09:32- When were you last there? - Not since the '60s...

0:09:32 > 0:09:35early '61 maybe.

0:09:35 > 0:09:38And I must say I am concerned

0:09:38 > 0:09:42cos I hear there are quarter-acre plots all over the place.

0:09:42 > 0:09:48But I hope the character and some of the people have remained as was.

0:09:49 > 0:09:52I don't know where it is.

0:09:53 > 0:09:57It WAS a white house - it could be anything now!

0:09:57 > 0:10:00This is the house.

0:10:00 > 0:10:03It was with regret that I left it,

0:10:03 > 0:10:06but I wouldn't have had the big world otherwise.

0:10:06 > 0:10:09I'd have stayed in suburbia.

0:10:09 > 0:10:13It's a wonderful mix of going out into the big REAL world,

0:10:13 > 0:10:19and then there's an isolated community where nothing happened.

0:10:19 > 0:10:23I'm David Davis. My family's been here for generations.

0:10:23 > 0:10:27My father started the peach orchard in 1910.

0:10:27 > 0:10:31My grandfather raised potatoes and cauliflower.

0:10:31 > 0:10:36I remember you taking a picture of me with a couple of baskets of eggs.

0:10:36 > 0:10:39I was hoping to get it in Life magazine!

0:10:39 > 0:10:44There were so many people who did so many things within the community.

0:10:44 > 0:10:46They were all called Davis.

0:10:46 > 0:10:50Margaret Davis looked after the local library.

0:10:50 > 0:10:53The local postmistress was a Davis.

0:10:53 > 0:10:55One of them ran the grocery shop.

0:10:55 > 0:11:00Some had been to Harvard College. There was a whole mixture.

0:11:00 > 0:11:05I would photograph various aspects of their lives.

0:11:07 > 0:11:12I used it to learn to photograph, to get close to people.

0:11:14 > 0:11:17- Who's this?!- Marion Smith -

0:11:17 > 0:11:19she lived across the street.

0:11:19 > 0:11:22I don't know who THAT was...

0:11:22 > 0:11:24Bob Madson... That's our daughter!

0:11:24 > 0:11:28- That's your daughter?! - That's me, with child.

0:11:28 > 0:11:30Oh, God!

0:11:30 > 0:11:33- It's like old friends! - That's my father!

0:11:37 > 0:11:40You know, you change, you grow, you develop,

0:11:40 > 0:11:43but these are basically OK.

0:11:43 > 0:11:45I would still edit them.

0:11:45 > 0:11:49Some are better than others. Some I'd do differently.

0:11:49 > 0:11:53The technique would be different cos I'd be using 35mm.

0:11:53 > 0:11:56In the '50s, I worked with 120 film.

0:11:56 > 0:11:58And so...

0:11:58 > 0:12:00the framing and sizing is different,

0:12:00 > 0:12:05but I think emotionally I haven't changed and nor have these people.

0:12:05 > 0:12:10I look at them as what they are - my early work.

0:12:10 > 0:12:14And I look at them in terms of my neighbours, friends,

0:12:14 > 0:12:17and with nostalgia and affection.

0:12:18 > 0:12:25People were very good to me. I loved them all and it was great to be here.

0:12:27 > 0:12:31Well, I hope it won't be another 34 years...

0:12:31 > 0:12:33before I see you again.

0:12:33 > 0:12:37- You know! - Thank you. I'll send you a book.

0:12:37 > 0:12:41I'll be around. We'll try and find Margaret.

0:12:41 > 0:12:44- Good.- All right?- OK.

0:12:44 > 0:12:46Much love!

0:13:01 > 0:13:09In your 50 years, what pivotal events framed your life?

0:13:09 > 0:13:14My work and - I guess - my life, historically came about

0:13:14 > 0:13:18in the same way that picture journalism, historically...

0:13:18 > 0:13:20It parallels what happened.

0:13:20 > 0:13:24So in the '50s, we worked in black and white.

0:13:24 > 0:13:29We worked with a square format, and we experimented in colour.

0:13:29 > 0:13:34In the '60s, we worked with colour AND black and white.

0:13:34 > 0:13:38And the pivotal thing for me was my moving to England.

0:13:38 > 0:13:43And then in the '70s, you couldn't earn a living in picture journalism.

0:13:43 > 0:13:46In the '80s, it was black and white.

0:13:46 > 0:13:49Now there's a new approach to photography.

0:13:49 > 0:13:53Mechanical things are taking over from the emotional.

0:13:53 > 0:13:57Now it's time to examine where we were,

0:13:57 > 0:14:00and to look forward and see where we go.

0:14:00 > 0:14:03I tried to use

0:14:03 > 0:14:05whatever was in me

0:14:05 > 0:14:07to make things work for me.

0:14:07 > 0:14:12Because your own experience and ideas get transformed, hopefully,

0:14:12 > 0:14:18into something you can hold in your hand, representing what you've seen.

0:14:18 > 0:14:22What's the best example of that in your early work?

0:14:23 > 0:14:24Probably...

0:14:24 > 0:14:28a story on the birth of a child.

0:14:28 > 0:14:32I had lost a child

0:14:32 > 0:14:34in the early -

0:14:34 > 0:14:37not so early - mid-stages of pregnancy,

0:14:37 > 0:14:41and was horrified and saddened and distressed.

0:14:41 > 0:14:43I used that.

0:14:43 > 0:14:48I spent four months in a hospital photographing the birth of children

0:14:48 > 0:14:53and wound up by doing just the first five minutes.

0:14:53 > 0:14:58That intense time when the child is brought from the womb's security

0:14:58 > 0:15:03into the outside world, and what happens for that five minutes

0:15:03 > 0:15:07when the child is weighed and slapped and measured...

0:15:07 > 0:15:11That five minutes took five months.

0:15:11 > 0:15:13And did it feed or heal your pain?

0:15:13 > 0:15:16No, I think it helped.

0:15:16 > 0:15:21In the beginning, I thought it was crazy to go to the pain's source.

0:15:21 > 0:15:25But after, I saw that life goes on.

0:15:25 > 0:15:31I'm proudest of this self-portrait cos that's a bitch to do!

0:15:31 > 0:15:33Is it the crinkled edges?

0:15:33 > 0:15:38Well, it's a paper print. The only one I've got like this.

0:15:38 > 0:15:42But it's nice to have looked like that once!

0:15:42 > 0:15:48Early on, it was pretty awful. A guy had a magazine called Cahiers.

0:15:48 > 0:15:55He said, "Goody! You'll be able to go into the dressing room with the actresses!"

0:15:55 > 0:16:00That's when I got mad and started doing political stuff like McCarthy.

0:16:00 > 0:16:04It was a dangerous thing to go near him.

0:16:04 > 0:16:09- Was there a certain amount of "I'll show you!"?- Always.

0:16:09 > 0:16:11They're relaxin'.

0:16:11 > 0:16:14They have very lost looks.

0:16:14 > 0:16:17They don't seem to want to be there

0:16:17 > 0:16:20or even know where they are!

0:16:20 > 0:16:27It looks very European, very homey. I'd like to be with that one - he's kinda cute.

0:16:27 > 0:16:32I don't even know if these guys are alive or dead.

0:16:32 > 0:16:33Oooh!

0:16:33 > 0:16:35It looks like an insane asylum.

0:16:35 > 0:16:37Ohh!

0:16:37 > 0:16:39This I can't figure out.

0:16:39 > 0:16:42Two nuts and a tyre!

0:16:42 > 0:16:44What they're doing, I have no clue.

0:16:44 > 0:16:51I think they need a caption for this. It's not a joke. It's a political picture.

0:16:51 > 0:16:55These two men are political prisoners in Moscow,

0:16:55 > 0:16:59in an insane asylum, being treated as if they are insane

0:16:59 > 0:17:02because they were dissidents.

0:17:02 > 0:17:06This was a most unusual photograph to get.

0:17:06 > 0:17:09I asked about Soviet psychiatry

0:17:09 > 0:17:14and so I was very proudly taken to one of the great hospitals.

0:17:14 > 0:17:19While the man who was showing me through went to the phone,

0:17:19 > 0:17:22I peeped through a door and took it.

0:17:22 > 0:17:26The Russians were enraged when it appeared in a French magazine.

0:17:26 > 0:17:29I hit a period in Russian politics

0:17:29 > 0:17:35when Khrushchev was out and Brezhnev hadn't taken over.

0:17:35 > 0:17:40So I could slide in when nobody knew what was happening in the hierarchy.

0:17:42 > 0:17:44So they let me do things

0:17:44 > 0:17:49that were quite incredible for that period.

0:17:49 > 0:17:53I worked in jails where they kept juvenile delinquents,

0:17:53 > 0:17:55police courts...

0:17:55 > 0:17:59We did things that were remarkable for their day.

0:17:59 > 0:18:03Now I see my stories on the jails reproduced -

0:18:03 > 0:18:09the young going in shooting now are doing what I did in '66.

0:18:09 > 0:18:14She'd come back from Washington or China

0:18:14 > 0:18:18and I was just old enough to appreciate what she'd done.

0:18:18 > 0:18:23We sat in a darkened room and she'd project the crude stuff, unedited,

0:18:23 > 0:18:28occasionally out of focus or the exposure would be wrong.

0:18:28 > 0:18:31The whole thing glowed and was gorgeous.

0:18:31 > 0:18:33Er...that's Malcolm.

0:18:33 > 0:18:36He's got his Nation of Islam ring,

0:18:36 > 0:18:39his watch, his glasses,

0:18:39 > 0:18:42his signature hat.

0:18:42 > 0:18:45It looks like he's deep in thought but relaxed.

0:18:45 > 0:18:47Malcolm X?

0:18:47 > 0:18:51Denzel Washington, actually.

0:18:51 > 0:18:55The scariness of being a minority within a minority.

0:18:55 > 0:19:00It's great, but that Nation of Islam shit - they're so fucking homophobic.

0:19:00 > 0:19:06I like this - the ring, the Star of Islam here at his pineal gland.

0:19:06 > 0:19:09It's the Malcolm X you don't see often.

0:19:09 > 0:19:13The whimsical side of him which you don't see, ever.

0:19:13 > 0:19:16Maybe it's a moment of...

0:19:16 > 0:19:19relaxation, in a way.

0:19:19 > 0:19:25I read a doctoral thesis called The Black Moslem In America.

0:19:25 > 0:19:27I got intrigued and followed it up.

0:19:27 > 0:19:31I met Malcolm X and he was extraordinary.

0:19:31 > 0:19:36He could prove almost anything he chose with sheer sophistry.

0:19:37 > 0:19:42Malcolm knew she was an extraordinary person

0:19:42 > 0:19:46because at that time you didn't have...

0:19:46 > 0:19:52It was...no white women and there weren't too many white fellas.

0:19:52 > 0:19:56I would go to the Black Moslems' meetings

0:19:56 > 0:20:01and find myself with cigarette burns in the back of my sweater.

0:20:01 > 0:20:04I was always wise enough to wear a woollen sweater

0:20:04 > 0:20:08because wool doesn't burn, it smoulders.

0:20:08 > 0:20:14When I'd come back from a session, it'd be polka-dotted with burns.

0:20:14 > 0:20:16She had that ability to charm.

0:20:16 > 0:20:21She may have been crying inside, but she was smiling outside.

0:20:21 > 0:20:25I was not trying to be political on any score,

0:20:25 > 0:20:30but I couldn't help having certain interests and certain sympathies

0:20:30 > 0:20:37because the ideas don't go in your ears into your head and out of your ears and that's it.

0:20:37 > 0:20:41What happens is you think about these people.

0:20:41 > 0:20:44They mean a great deal to you.

0:20:44 > 0:20:48As I kept going, I kept adding more and more.

0:20:50 > 0:20:53I wound up in South Africa in the end!

0:20:53 > 0:20:55It was a very tough time -

0:20:55 > 0:20:59before Mandela was released and the changes came -

0:20:59 > 0:21:03photographing children dying of kwashiorkor.

0:21:05 > 0:21:09The book was banned in South Africa.

0:21:09 > 0:21:13The newspapers carried this great big story

0:21:13 > 0:21:18that it was banned because of Vanessa Redgrave's bottom.

0:21:20 > 0:21:22I don't see anything taboo about it.

0:21:22 > 0:21:24- Sex.- Sex.

0:21:24 > 0:21:25Sexy!

0:21:25 > 0:21:28There's nothing wrong with 'em!

0:21:28 > 0:21:31It'sthe beautiful ass of awoman.

0:21:31 > 0:21:34It'sinteresting! Who doesn't like a pretty rear end?

0:21:34 > 0:21:38IwishIcouldseeherback andshoulders!

0:21:38 > 0:21:41Actually, the book had been banned

0:21:41 > 0:21:45because it showedchildren weredying ofmalnutrition.

0:21:45 > 0:21:49And I was so angry whentheycalled me.

0:21:49 > 0:21:52They said, "What is your comment?"

0:21:52 > 0:21:55And I said,

0:21:55 > 0:21:58"TheRedgrave pictures arenotobscene.

0:21:58 > 0:22:02"What IS obscene isthepoverty ofthese black people,

0:22:02 > 0:22:06"andthat these kids aredyingofstarvation!"

0:22:06 > 0:22:10She came back from South Africa feeling distraught.

0:22:10 > 0:22:14She wasaffected by what she saw. Look at the photographs.

0:22:17 > 0:22:21Did she and does she have apolitical ideology?

0:22:21 > 0:22:26No. She has a point of view thatcomes across strongly.

0:22:29 > 0:22:35I grew up in a generation wherewomen had a given role.

0:22:35 > 0:22:40You were in the kitchen withthechildren,

0:22:40 > 0:22:43you were "subservient" to the man.

0:22:43 > 0:22:46And my mother found that

0:22:46 > 0:22:50Iwastrying to break out of anareathat I shouldn't have.

0:22:50 > 0:22:53She thought it was "ashunder"

0:22:53 > 0:22:58which wasYiddishforsomewhere between a disgrace and ashame.

0:22:58 > 0:23:03It was shameful for me towork. My husbandshould besupportingme.

0:23:03 > 0:23:09I had a husband who supported me, but so that I could learn tobeaphotographer.

0:23:09 > 0:23:14She was very embarrassed - what would theneighbourssay?

0:23:14 > 0:23:20She was poor her whole life and wanted for me what she hadn't had.

0:23:20 > 0:23:23It was generous, butitwasn'twhatI wanted.

0:23:23 > 0:23:27When she saw one ofthebigstories that I did -

0:23:27 > 0:23:31the firstfiveminutes ofababy'slife -

0:23:31 > 0:23:36she looked at it and a neighbour said,"Aren'tyouof proud of Eve?"

0:23:36 > 0:23:38She said, "Uh."

0:23:38 > 0:23:42- Was "uh" a compliment? - Thatwasa BIG compliment!

0:23:42 > 0:23:45She'd accepted it by that time.

0:23:45 > 0:23:50Did she then go on tobecomeinterested and involved?

0:23:50 > 0:23:53Or did itstay intherealmsof"uh"?

0:23:53 > 0:23:55It was always grudging.

0:23:55 > 0:23:59It was never, "Isn'tthiswonderful?!" No.

0:23:59 > 0:24:04Shefeltthatlifewastoohard for me and she wanted it easier.

0:24:04 > 0:24:07But I didn't.

0:24:07 > 0:24:11OK, that's for my mom!

0:24:11 > 0:24:13Hello!

0:24:13 > 0:24:16I'm very honoured to meet you!

0:24:16 > 0:24:21- I'm honoured to be here!It's wonderful!- I hope it'scolourful!

0:24:21 > 0:24:26Nobodywould everquestionthat! Isabella's not here?

0:24:26 > 0:24:30- She will be shortly. > - I'll get to work.

0:24:31 > 0:24:33'It always amazes me

0:24:33 > 0:24:38'how with two eyes, a mouth and a nose,

0:24:38 > 0:24:41'a pair of eyebrows and some hair,

0:24:41 > 0:24:44'you can bring so many infinite variations.

0:24:45 > 0:24:47'If you're sincere

0:24:47 > 0:24:50'about what you are doing -

0:24:50 > 0:24:53'and give the sense you know what you're doing -

0:24:53 > 0:24:59'then it's possible to receive from someone in front of your lens.'

0:25:05 > 0:25:10'When I shoot, I start with behind the scenes if I can.

0:25:10 > 0:25:14'Then, by the time the action takes place,

0:25:14 > 0:25:18'the hope is the subject will have forgotten you're there.'

0:25:23 > 0:25:26I can't believe it, we're here!

0:25:27 > 0:25:30Oh, my God!

0:25:37 > 0:25:40Right... Isabella...

0:25:43 > 0:25:46Wait until I get my camera!

0:25:49 > 0:25:54'Sometimes there's a great sense of excitation - you know you've got it.

0:25:54 > 0:25:57'It's within one frame or another.'

0:25:57 > 0:25:59Isabella, give me some...stuff!

0:25:59 > 0:26:06'They're only successful if they reveal something I would not have expected to be given.'

0:26:06 > 0:26:08Move your arms!

0:26:08 > 0:26:11'It's a collaboration between you both.

0:26:11 > 0:26:15'If people know how to read a photograph,

0:26:15 > 0:26:18'they know what's being said.

0:26:18 > 0:26:21'If they don't, I try and put it in the caption!'

0:26:33 > 0:26:34Enough!

0:26:34 > 0:26:37She's not just a pretty face!

0:26:37 > 0:26:40We'll have a vitrine under here.

0:26:40 > 0:26:43- Uh-huh.- And one under the brides.

0:26:49 > 0:26:55And let's not forget the various colours drawn on...

0:26:55 > 0:26:58Let me just look first. Please!

0:26:58 > 0:26:59OK?

0:27:08 > 0:27:12Somebody offered me a recording session of Marlene Dietrich

0:27:12 > 0:27:15at Columbia Records.

0:27:15 > 0:27:22That was extraordinary because she knew more about lighting and the camera than I will ever learn.

0:27:22 > 0:27:24She was extraordinary.

0:27:24 > 0:27:28And it went on for about six hours.

0:27:28 > 0:27:33She was recording the songs she made famous during the War.

0:27:33 > 0:27:38# Want to buy some illusions?

0:27:38 > 0:27:40# Slightly used

0:27:40 > 0:27:42# Second-hand

0:27:44 > 0:27:48# They were lovely illusions

0:27:48 > 0:27:52# Reaching higher

0:27:52 > 0:27:55# Built on sand... #

0:27:55 > 0:27:59When I saw her in front of the mike singing those songs,

0:27:59 > 0:28:01I thought I'd never get it right.

0:28:01 > 0:28:08I was too small, the camera was always there, it was a problem for other people.

0:28:08 > 0:28:12Do you have any memory of being over the tray

0:28:12 > 0:28:18and watching the photograph coming up and seeing your first photograph of Marlene?

0:28:18 > 0:28:22There's a thrill that you'll never experience!

0:28:22 > 0:28:26It's like making love the first time - if you get a good lover!

0:28:26 > 0:28:32It was just incredible. You get a sense of power that you have.

0:28:32 > 0:28:35And also a sense of apprehension,

0:28:35 > 0:28:39because when it comes up, it might be wonderful, it might be terrible.

0:28:39 > 0:28:43But the miracle itself is something never to forget.

0:28:43 > 0:28:47- Listen, this is not Madam O'Neill.- No, no!

0:28:47 > 0:28:52- That's why I thought I'd lost my mind.- I was pointing to that one.

0:28:52 > 0:28:55- That's, er...- Silvana Mangano.- Right.

0:28:55 > 0:28:59I sometimes think I would like to give a party

0:28:59 > 0:29:06and all the people I've photographed would come and tell me what they thought of their pictures.

0:29:09 > 0:29:12I've found many things on this beach -

0:29:12 > 0:29:14shells,

0:29:14 > 0:29:17all kinds of logs and beach wood.

0:29:17 > 0:29:22But the most incredible thing I've found, is one day

0:29:22 > 0:29:28I found Marilyn Monroe walking along with Norman Rosten, the poet.

0:29:28 > 0:29:32Norman came over and said, "Remember Marilyn?!"

0:29:32 > 0:29:36I remembered Marilyn - she was a starlet when I met her.

0:29:36 > 0:29:41We'd met at a cocktail party given for John Huston.

0:29:41 > 0:29:44She was brought over and introduced.

0:29:46 > 0:29:50She'd just seen a picture that I'd done for Marlene Dietrich

0:29:50 > 0:29:58and she said, "You did so well with Marlene, can you imagine what you could do with me?!"

0:29:58 > 0:30:04ANJELICA HUSTON: When I think about her photographs from that period -

0:30:04 > 0:30:07those fantastic portraits of Marilyn...

0:30:07 > 0:30:12Marilyn in black and white was staggering -

0:30:12 > 0:30:14her legs a little fat,

0:30:14 > 0:30:17her eyes quite sad.

0:30:17 > 0:30:19Marilyn imperfect...

0:30:19 > 0:30:21Perfectly imperfect!

0:30:23 > 0:30:26These are intimate moments

0:30:26 > 0:30:29which somehow she records

0:30:29 > 0:30:32within the moment.

0:30:32 > 0:30:35The flirtatiousness,

0:30:35 > 0:30:38and her need to be womanly and sexy

0:30:38 > 0:30:40never obtained with me.

0:30:42 > 0:30:45We had a professional friendship

0:30:45 > 0:30:47that went on.

0:30:47 > 0:30:53It was matter of trust too - this is what you have to gain.

0:30:53 > 0:30:56If they trust you not to savage them,

0:30:56 > 0:30:59to make sure they come out honestly,

0:30:59 > 0:31:01then a great deal is given.

0:31:01 > 0:31:09She had a means of making you feel that her vulnerability was your problem, not hers.

0:31:09 > 0:31:11And so, over the years -

0:31:11 > 0:31:18of course I did photograph her and we did get together and have wonderful times together -

0:31:18 > 0:31:23there was always that sense that maybe I was "Mommy"

0:31:23 > 0:31:26and she was "little girl lost".

0:31:26 > 0:31:28And I found that irritated me

0:31:28 > 0:31:33cos I didn't want to be Mommy and I didn't want her to be lost!

0:31:33 > 0:31:37I'm not gonna lie down! No, thank you very much!

0:31:37 > 0:31:43We collaborated. I don't remember where I began and she ended.

0:31:43 > 0:31:46She was always having bright ideas.

0:31:46 > 0:31:50It was always her session. It was never mine.

0:31:50 > 0:31:55It was never the photographer's. She was in charge. She loved it.

0:31:55 > 0:32:01She didn't have lines to learn or any worries. She was in charge of things.

0:32:01 > 0:32:03Very sexy.

0:32:03 > 0:32:07You mean the fact that she's not all revealed?

0:32:07 > 0:32:12They're not showing everything, just pieces. It's even better.

0:32:12 > 0:32:15I can see she's thinking about something

0:32:15 > 0:32:17as opposed to her typical smile.

0:32:17 > 0:32:22I see my wife doing that every day! They're no different!

0:32:22 > 0:32:24She's just a bit, er...

0:32:24 > 0:32:26revealed

0:32:26 > 0:32:28in some places here.

0:32:28 > 0:32:31It's less glamorous. It's, er...

0:32:31 > 0:32:37more down-to-earth than when you see her wearing a voluptuous dress.

0:32:37 > 0:32:39- Extremely different.- Why?

0:32:39 > 0:32:45Because you see her so often gentle, you don't see her Madonna-like.

0:32:45 > 0:32:51She seems serene, doing something for herself instead of for the world.

0:32:51 > 0:32:56When I started, nobody wanted that kind of thing.

0:32:56 > 0:33:01I wasn't the only one doing it, but I was one of the first.

0:33:01 > 0:33:05And the problem was the producers of the films were worried

0:33:05 > 0:33:10because they kept saying, "You're killing the illusion!

0:33:10 > 0:33:15"We're building dreams and you're giving us nightmares!"

0:33:15 > 0:33:20But when they saw how much space they could command in magazines,

0:33:20 > 0:33:22all that shifted.

0:33:22 > 0:33:27Then suddenly it was OK not to take somebody into a studio,

0:33:27 > 0:33:32to show them in an everyday, very humane and human situation.

0:33:32 > 0:33:35So the whole thing changed.

0:33:35 > 0:33:39You can look at an artist's work and see an evolution.

0:33:39 > 0:33:46And you can see there are things that will speak all the way through the work.

0:33:46 > 0:33:51There's, um... there's a path travelled, if you will.

0:33:51 > 0:33:54And...and...and, um...

0:33:54 > 0:33:57an obligation from the heart

0:33:57 > 0:34:00to improve the world, if you will.

0:34:00 > 0:34:03Something that innocent.

0:34:03 > 0:34:07And it is...it does have to do with the innocent eye.

0:34:07 > 0:34:10I suppose what Eve is good at

0:34:10 > 0:34:14is to give us a real view of what is there,

0:34:14 > 0:34:19not what people want to pretend themselves is there.

0:34:19 > 0:34:25Often, that's more appealing than the image people wish to project.

0:34:25 > 0:34:29What about the light-heartedness and the not-so?

0:34:29 > 0:34:33Well, let's try it with the other one.

0:34:35 > 0:34:38- Put that one there.- Put this one...

0:34:38 > 0:34:40That goes!

0:34:40 > 0:34:43We'll lose her.

0:34:43 > 0:34:48Bob Gottlieb will hit me! He loves that one!

0:34:48 > 0:34:51She was a nice girl from Philadelphia.

0:34:51 > 0:34:55It never occurred to her to be a photographer.

0:34:55 > 0:34:58Next she's the first woman at Magnum!

0:34:58 > 0:35:05You have presented yourself to the world - even as a beautiful young thing -

0:35:05 > 0:35:09as a dear old lady who could mean no harm to anybody

0:35:09 > 0:35:12and who just by luck has turned up.

0:35:12 > 0:35:15No! You're over-stating the case!

0:35:15 > 0:35:20It's like what you said before - this little girl from Philadelphia.

0:35:20 > 0:35:23This combination of her ability,

0:35:23 > 0:35:26her determination to do good work,

0:35:26 > 0:35:29covered over by the self-deprecation,

0:35:29 > 0:35:32the modesty,

0:35:32 > 0:35:35is a very unique circumstance.

0:35:35 > 0:35:40I was not aware that I was moving backward into the shadows.

0:35:40 > 0:35:45But if you're a stills photographer, don't make a big thing of yourself.

0:35:45 > 0:35:48It's your subject who is important.

0:35:48 > 0:35:53So that you do become, after a while, recessive within the process.

0:35:53 > 0:35:57So that I could get Marilyn Monroe

0:35:57 > 0:36:02or Joan Crawford to strip down, to do anything without saying a word.

0:36:02 > 0:36:07They were figuring out what would be good to give ME.

0:36:07 > 0:36:12Joan Crawford in explaining what I was, said, "She has balls!"

0:36:12 > 0:36:15I wouldn't go that far.

0:36:15 > 0:36:18Look, I've made some changes over here.

0:36:18 > 0:36:23What I've done is... There's more impact in horribleness

0:36:23 > 0:36:26if we go from here to here, to here.

0:36:26 > 0:36:30 She's examining herself, deciding what's gonna happen to her,

0:36:30 > 0:36:33goes in, gets herself bandaged up,

0:36:33 > 0:36:36does her make-up,

0:36:36 > 0:36:39and that's what she looks like when she's finished.

0:36:39 > 0:36:41Very macabre.

0:36:41 > 0:36:45I think it's a stronger way of doing it.

0:36:45 > 0:36:50'In 1959, I had an idea I'd like to do a big story on her.

0:36:50 > 0:36:55'I was working for Life magazine and I suggested it.

0:36:55 > 0:36:57'And I called her

0:36:57 > 0:37:01'and she was right back to me from California -

0:37:01 > 0:37:06'"Yes, I want to be photographed by you. It's wonderful!"'

0:37:06 > 0:37:13Then she said, "I want to go into the dark room with you the way Marilyn went in with Avedon."

0:37:13 > 0:37:18It meant she wanted control. So I said, "I'll talk to my editors."

0:37:18 > 0:37:20I suggested we didn't do her

0:37:20 > 0:37:24because you wouldn't be able to do anything.

0:37:24 > 0:37:26At any rate, um...

0:37:26 > 0:37:32she called Henry Luce - head of Life - in the night and she said

0:37:32 > 0:37:37"that Arnold woman" wouldn't give her control of her pictures.

0:37:37 > 0:37:43He then was furious, called his editor and said, "Give her whatever she wants!"

0:37:43 > 0:37:50They called me up and said, "She can have it!" And I said, "Not over my life, buddy!

0:37:50 > 0:37:53"That's no way to do it!"

0:37:53 > 0:37:57I said we should wait and see if she changed her mind.

0:37:57 > 0:37:59Three hours later she called.

0:37:59 > 0:38:03She said, "Darling!" in these dulcet tones, of course!

0:38:03 > 0:38:10And then she said, "But...if I don't like what you do, you'll never work in Hollywood again!"

0:38:31 > 0:38:35She wanted the public to see how difficult it was

0:38:35 > 0:38:38to stay at the top of that heap.

0:38:38 > 0:38:41Some things were so awful.

0:38:41 > 0:38:44but I photographed cos she wanted them.

0:38:44 > 0:38:51She posed in the nude at her request, which I returned to her cos I wouldn't use it.

0:38:51 > 0:38:55Something happens to flesh after 50. It was cruel to do it.

0:38:55 > 0:39:02You'd be hard-pressed to find a photographer who'd return those transparencies nowadays.

0:39:02 > 0:39:09I guess I'm talking about integrity, taste and a kind of respect for the subject matter.

0:39:09 > 0:39:12Crawford was the result of her publicity.

0:39:12 > 0:39:15The sadness was she believed it.

0:39:15 > 0:39:19When it came to somebody like Marilyn, it destroyed her.

0:39:19 > 0:39:25It was fine while she had the fantasy that she'd be a movie star,

0:39:25 > 0:39:32- but when that became the reality, she couldn't live with it. - It still didn't make her happy?

0:39:32 > 0:39:37No, because it was false, unreal, and not what she expected.

0:39:37 > 0:39:42She expected it to be the end of the rainbow and it wasn't.

0:39:42 > 0:39:46Have you mentioned the Crawford and the Marilyn?

0:39:46 > 0:39:49I did some plain people, too!

0:39:49 > 0:39:55My next question is - did you have equally important male subjects?

0:39:55 > 0:39:57Not over a long stretch like that.

0:39:57 > 0:40:01There are many men I've photographed -

0:40:01 > 0:40:05four British prime ministers... and one woman - Maggie Thatcher!

0:40:05 > 0:40:10- By mistake!- That was no mistake! God what a day!

0:40:10 > 0:40:15She was the toughest person I've ever had to photograph.

0:40:15 > 0:40:21It went on for almost a year. She'd stand in the sun and squint.

0:40:21 > 0:40:24And it was just so difficult.

0:40:24 > 0:40:29Thatcher, thinking, "This is a woman. I can push her around!",

0:40:29 > 0:40:34kept saying, "Shoot me from this angle, shoot me from that angle!"

0:40:34 > 0:40:39That wouldn't work, and Eve did what Eve wanted to do.

0:40:39 > 0:40:42There were very few females.

0:40:42 > 0:40:46Luckily for me, I was smaller than everybody else.

0:40:46 > 0:40:53At a news event you'd get a phalanx of men and they'd always say, "Come on, Eve, up front!"

0:40:53 > 0:40:58It was a plus! Nobody thought I knew what I was doing, including me.

0:41:00 > 0:41:06I look at your career, and you were so resourceful in figuring out what to do.

0:41:06 > 0:41:09I want words of wisdom from you.

0:41:09 > 0:41:12How can that resourcefulness be applied now

0:41:12 > 0:41:16so we can aspire to do what you did in our own way?

0:41:16 > 0:41:22If it's any comfort to you, my colleagues - younger ones -

0:41:22 > 0:41:24both in Britain and here that I see,

0:41:24 > 0:41:28are having it as tough as you are.

0:41:28 > 0:41:30But they are shooting!

0:41:30 > 0:41:33Picture journalism isn't going to go away.

0:41:33 > 0:41:38It's like when television came in, we thought radio would disappear.

0:41:38 > 0:41:42When photography came in, the artist said,

0:41:42 > 0:41:46"As of today, art is dead."

0:41:46 > 0:41:49It wasn't. It just took on different forms.

0:41:49 > 0:41:53I was in the same spot as you when I started.

0:41:53 > 0:41:55Nobody was willing to pay for it,

0:41:55 > 0:41:58and it was even tougher

0:41:58 > 0:42:03cos you knew that there was a venue and you might never hit it.

0:42:03 > 0:42:08But...I don't know what to say by way of encouragement

0:42:08 > 0:42:10except that...do it!

0:42:10 > 0:42:14It's the most wonderful thing in the world -

0:42:14 > 0:42:18to hold it in your hand after you've done it.

0:42:34 > 0:42:36In 1969,

0:42:36 > 0:42:42I started a series of picture stories on veiled women.

0:42:42 > 0:42:46From that came a request from NBC and BBC

0:42:46 > 0:42:49to make a film in harems in Arabia.

0:42:57 > 0:43:00I hadn't made a script.

0:43:00 > 0:43:03I had my storyboard from my stills

0:43:03 > 0:43:06and I figured I'd play it by ear.

0:43:06 > 0:43:11But I couldn't have done it without doing it in stills first.

0:43:14 > 0:43:19First, I thought film was just a series of stills stuck together.

0:43:19 > 0:43:24Then I thought I knew better after I started working on the film.

0:43:24 > 0:43:27I felt like a celibate who'd found sex.

0:43:27 > 0:43:30Here there was sound and motion -

0:43:30 > 0:43:33all the things I'd never had with stills.

0:43:33 > 0:43:41It became a disappointment cos it took so much in material and people and involvement and money.

0:43:41 > 0:43:47Things I didn't have to be concerned about when I was working with stills

0:43:47 > 0:43:52and there was me and some cheap rolls of film, and I was on my own.

0:43:52 > 0:43:56What is more interesting than the film itself,

0:43:56 > 0:43:59is that I could get into a harem.

0:43:59 > 0:44:03I got the co-operation of these people in Dubai

0:44:03 > 0:44:06who invited me to the wedding of the crown prince.

0:44:06 > 0:44:11That meant I could move about and do all sorts of things.

0:44:11 > 0:44:13The Chinawoman goes here.

0:44:13 > 0:44:19Everything else China here is gonna to be those six prints

0:44:19 > 0:44:22plus the three prints.

0:44:22 > 0:44:25- We have no room.- It'll be crowded.

0:44:25 > 0:44:30- We better start cutting.- Unless we put a second China over here.

0:44:30 > 0:44:33- So we'll work that way. - OK, that's good.

0:44:33 > 0:44:36Maybe even a stack.

0:44:36 > 0:44:40Maybe even a stack. Maybe even a stack!

0:44:40 > 0:44:44It looks like Chinese royalty or something.

0:44:44 > 0:44:47I don't know if Chinese royalty wear earrings!

0:44:47 > 0:44:50It's an old Korean woman.

0:44:50 > 0:44:56Um... She appears to be smiling, but she's not smiling at the same time.

0:44:56 > 0:44:58This woman brings wisdom.

0:44:58 > 0:45:02Yeah, I would love to get some wisdom from her.

0:45:02 > 0:45:06Very old. A lot of expression on her face.

0:45:06 > 0:45:09A lot of character. Er...

0:45:09 > 0:45:11A lot of pain, maybe.

0:45:11 > 0:45:14Looking death in the eye.

0:45:14 > 0:45:16It's like looking into a pond.

0:45:16 > 0:45:19Absolutely! I'll buy this one!

0:45:19 > 0:45:24It's absolutely gorgeous! I wish I could take a picture like that!

0:45:24 > 0:45:29She was on the cover of my book in China.

0:45:29 > 0:45:32I had pneumonia when I photographed her.

0:45:32 > 0:45:36The doctors let me out to get some air.

0:45:36 > 0:45:41I was in a boat and I saw her in a doorway and I moved over.

0:45:41 > 0:45:44We looked at each other through the lens.

0:45:44 > 0:45:51That was one shot. How many times does it take normally to get a single shot?

0:45:51 > 0:45:53It was fortuitous.

0:45:53 > 0:45:56She was curious about me.

0:45:56 > 0:46:01My grandchildren think it's me, but I don't have wrinkles in my nose!

0:46:02 > 0:46:07I read about China for 15 years before I got my visa.

0:46:07 > 0:46:10For me, it was a dream realised,

0:46:10 > 0:46:15and it was important for me to look very hard to make sure

0:46:15 > 0:46:18that I credited these people

0:46:18 > 0:46:21with a kind of warmth and humanity

0:46:21 > 0:46:24that I thought they had.

0:46:24 > 0:46:29I wanted to dispel the idea of all those Mao shirts.

0:46:29 > 0:46:32I was very well-prepared for China -

0:46:32 > 0:46:38all that reading, all that thinking, which I abandoned when I got there.

0:46:38 > 0:46:43She's been to China, to Afghanistan, to Arabia, to South Africa,

0:46:43 > 0:46:46all over the United States...

0:46:47 > 0:46:50And that's an enormous body of work

0:46:50 > 0:46:54in an enormously various set of circumstances.

0:46:54 > 0:46:57And she's used black and white, she's used colour.

0:46:57 > 0:47:03She's developed some techniques in colour that at that time were new.

0:47:03 > 0:47:07And I think it's a catholicism - the breadth of vision -

0:47:07 > 0:47:09above all else.

0:47:42 > 0:47:44It is gorgeous!

0:47:44 > 0:47:47- I'm so glad!- What a beautiful job!

0:47:47 > 0:47:50- <- Are you...?

0:47:50 > 0:47:53This is Eve Arnold!

0:47:53 > 0:47:55I am SO impressed!

0:47:55 > 0:47:57Thank you!

0:47:57 > 0:48:01- She's an impressive lady! - Your photographs...!

0:48:01 > 0:48:06You can put yourself in them and feel those feelings!

0:48:06 > 0:48:08What a show!

0:48:08 > 0:48:13I know every one of them. It's just like you came home again!

0:48:13 > 0:48:17I was thinking about you just the other day!

0:48:17 > 0:48:19- Ian!- Ian Holm!

0:48:24 > 0:48:26How are you?

0:48:26 > 0:48:30I just love your work! I mean like - ohh!

0:48:30 > 0:48:32It gets inside me!

0:48:32 > 0:48:37I think it's a sacrifice to do what I've done.

0:48:37 > 0:48:40I've lost a lot and I've gained a lot.

0:48:40 > 0:48:45The whole business of being on the road, which you are as a journalist,

0:48:45 > 0:48:47takes a great deal.

0:48:47 > 0:48:50I've had less of my son,

0:48:50 > 0:48:55part of the failure of my marriage was due to that...

0:48:57 > 0:49:02But I still have time with my grandchildren. I'm catching up now!

0:49:02 > 0:49:05You've got the family at the end.

0:49:05 > 0:49:12- BRITISH ACCENT:- 'I've always known she was special, I suppose. Special in terms of being famous.'

0:49:12 > 0:49:18I always had her books around the house.

0:49:18 > 0:49:21At the age of about ten or eleven

0:49:21 > 0:49:28I realised that she was special in terms of world-famous photography.

0:49:28 > 0:49:31The most important thing I learned from her

0:49:31 > 0:49:36was that it's important to know how to look at something

0:49:36 > 0:49:40rather than just how to photograph something.

0:49:40 > 0:49:42To be able to see it.

0:49:44 > 0:49:46So was it good?

0:49:46 > 0:49:49It was good. It was really good.

0:49:49 > 0:49:55I was touched because there were a lot of people who came from...

0:49:55 > 0:49:59Somebody from California, my family from Washington...

0:50:00 > 0:50:03Michael and Francis from London!

0:50:03 > 0:50:05It was really good.

0:50:05 > 0:50:09I don't know! I had one woman crying over me!

0:50:12 > 0:50:15She was so touched by the photographs.

0:50:15 > 0:50:17A lot of work,

0:50:17 > 0:50:20a lot of attention to detail,

0:50:20 > 0:50:24a lot of disappointment and a lot of joy.

0:50:29 > 0:50:32And do you feel that this is a summary?

0:50:32 > 0:50:35Yes, it's a milestone.

0:50:35 > 0:50:39I feel if I never pick a camera up, I've done it!

0:50:39 > 0:50:41It's, um...

0:50:41 > 0:50:44It's kind of an assessment...

0:50:44 > 0:50:46of a look back.

0:50:46 > 0:50:50But I don't feel as though I'm living in the past.

0:50:50 > 0:50:53It's just a look for now.

0:50:53 > 0:51:00And I think a sense of wanting to go on with something else.

0:51:00 > 0:51:05Maybe as far away from what I've done as I can get.

0:51:06 > 0:51:08So did you get an A-plus?

0:51:08 > 0:51:11I haven't been graded yet!

0:51:11 > 0:51:14An assessment without the grade, right?!

0:51:14 > 0:51:16Still.

0:51:16 > 0:51:21I spoke to a lot of people tonight who were very moved by the work.

0:51:21 > 0:51:25And seeing it myself tonight, I was pretty moved.

0:51:25 > 0:51:28But you know it so well!

0:51:28 > 0:51:32But it's walking around all those rooms

0:51:32 > 0:51:35and seeing how far, and how many, and who.

0:51:35 > 0:51:38It was a pretty great night!

0:51:38 > 0:51:41It's not over yet - we're gonna have dinner!

0:51:41 > 0:51:44- Let's go!- Let's go! Onto the bus!

0:51:45 > 0:51:48It's a punishment!

0:51:48 > 0:51:51It's those feet, that's all!

0:51:51 > 0:51:56They say old boxers and old photographers, the feet go first!

0:51:59 > 0:52:02What's going on? You see these...?

0:52:51 > 0:52:56Subtitles by Mark Thomas BBC - 1996