0:00:02 > 0:00:05This programme contains scenes which some viewers may find upsetting.
0:00:05 > 0:00:08Malala Yousafzai is the world's most famous schoolgirl.
0:00:08 > 0:00:10I dream for all the children that they should go to their school,
0:00:10 > 0:00:12because it is their right, their basic right.
0:00:12 > 0:00:15She became a hero to millions because she dared to stand up
0:00:15 > 0:00:19to some of the most violent and repressive men, the Taliban.
0:00:22 > 0:00:24One bullet, in from here.
0:00:24 > 0:00:27They want to spread fear.
0:00:28 > 0:00:31She was shot in the head for campaigning for girls to be
0:00:31 > 0:00:34allowed to go to school in Pakistan.
0:00:34 > 0:00:39The Taliban said it was responsible for a gun attack on a 14-year-old schoolgirl.
0:00:39 > 0:00:42Malala's story is now known all over the world.
0:00:44 > 0:00:48I'm Nel Hedayat and for me it was especially moving
0:00:48 > 0:00:51because I had fled from a land of Islamic extremists.
0:00:51 > 0:00:55This is Nelofar. She was just four years old.
0:00:55 > 0:01:00Like Malala, I also went to school in Pakistan.
0:01:03 > 0:01:07Now, I am heading back there to trace Malala's story.
0:01:07 > 0:01:11This is clearly one of the most dangerous places I have ever been.
0:01:13 > 0:01:16A place where they blow up schools.
0:01:16 > 0:01:19I cannot tell you what it feels like to be in here.
0:01:19 > 0:01:22Debris, shrapnel, has just flown out.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24Can you imagine if there were people in here?
0:01:26 > 0:01:28And where there are many other girls like Malala
0:01:28 > 0:01:32who are risking their lives to get an education.
0:01:32 > 0:01:37- TRANSLATION:- When he pulled out a gun and started to shoot, then I thought, this is it.
0:01:37 > 0:01:40Maybe we won't survive.
0:01:44 > 0:01:47- This is the blood of a child. - Oh, God.
0:01:48 > 0:01:52Shake my hand? Yes. Bye-bye.
0:01:52 > 0:01:57They know what they are doing when they attack these sorts of places.
0:01:57 > 0:01:59They just steal the kids' future in one instant.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15I had a terrible dream yesterday, with military helicopters
0:02:15 > 0:02:16and the Taliban.
0:02:16 > 0:02:18I've had such dreams
0:02:18 > 0:02:21since the launch of the military operation in Swat.
0:02:23 > 0:02:27In 2008, Malala Yusufzai started writing an anonymous blog,
0:02:27 > 0:02:31so people like me could read about her life under Taliban rule
0:02:31 > 0:02:33in the Swat Valley in Pakistan.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37"My friend came up to me and said,
0:02:37 > 0:02:41"For God's sake, answer me honestly, is our school going to be attacked by the Taliban?"
0:02:41 > 0:02:45It was the first time anyone had written a first hand account of
0:02:45 > 0:02:51day to day life under this repressive regime, let alone an 11-year-old.
0:02:51 > 0:02:55It is hard to get your brain in gear to think about this.
0:02:55 > 0:02:57So she writes on the fourth of January,
0:02:57 > 0:03:01"Today I did some household chores, my homework and played with my brother.
0:03:01 > 0:03:05"But my heart was beating fast, as I have to go to school tomorrow."
0:03:05 > 0:03:08So, it is this weird combination of doing things that are totally
0:03:08 > 0:03:11ordinary, doing a bit of homework, playing with your brother,
0:03:11 > 0:03:13and then going to bed that night with your heart pumping
0:03:13 > 0:03:16because you know you have to go to school tomorrow.
0:03:16 > 0:03:20When the Taliban tried to stop girls from being educated,
0:03:20 > 0:03:23most people were too scared to send their children to school.
0:03:24 > 0:03:26But Malala insisted on going
0:03:26 > 0:03:29and was brave enough to campaign publicly.
0:03:38 > 0:03:42Her courage in speaking out began to get noticed around the world,
0:03:42 > 0:03:45but it also made her a target for the Taliban.
0:03:45 > 0:03:49She is so intelligent and she knows what she's talking about.
0:03:49 > 0:03:50She is living it.
0:03:50 > 0:03:54And she knew, even at that age, that her message had to get out
0:03:54 > 0:03:56if things were going to change.
0:03:56 > 0:03:57And that's what she did.
0:04:04 > 0:04:08Malala's story has a special significance for me.
0:04:08 > 0:04:10Now I live in the UK, but until I was seven,
0:04:10 > 0:04:12I had a very similar life to hers.
0:04:19 > 0:04:23I was born in Afghanistan, and like most people from that region, I'm Muslim.
0:04:28 > 0:04:30When I was a year old,
0:04:30 > 0:04:34I fled with my mum across the border to Peshawar in Pakistan.
0:04:35 > 0:04:38- This is you, I had to take you with me.- Everywhere?
0:04:38 > 0:04:43Before the school. Because there wasn't anybody to look after you.
0:04:43 > 0:04:46We had left Afghanistan to escape the war with the Mujahideen,
0:04:46 > 0:04:49many of whom were Islamic fundamentalists like the Taliban.
0:04:51 > 0:04:56Every day, hundreds of rockets were firing in Afghanistan
0:04:56 > 0:05:02and bombs bombing so life was very hard to survive.
0:05:02 > 0:05:08So, yeah, I had to take you and get out of the country, and I did.
0:05:08 > 0:05:12I had a burkha put on myself and you were in my arms.
0:05:12 > 0:05:16And we ran, through the mountain and deserts.
0:05:16 > 0:05:20It was very hard to get to Pakistan.
0:05:20 > 0:05:26The amount of effort...you had to go to, to get me safe,
0:05:26 > 0:05:29that goes beyond what a mother needs to do.
0:05:29 > 0:05:31We settled in Peshawar,
0:05:31 > 0:05:34in the same region that Malala would later grow up in.
0:05:34 > 0:05:37My mum worked for a charity helping refugee women.
0:05:37 > 0:05:41What was it like for you as a woman living in Pakistan?
0:05:41 > 0:05:44For Pakistani women I didn't see any problem.
0:05:45 > 0:05:49They were much more freer than now, believe me.
0:05:49 > 0:05:54At that time, there were... girls were going to school.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58You went to a school there and there was no problem.
0:05:58 > 0:06:01- There was no problem with me going to school.- No, no.
0:06:04 > 0:06:10Things have changed for the worse since I left Pakistan 18 years ago.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13It's now one of the most dangerous countries on earth.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19I've been told there are other girls fighting for their education
0:06:19 > 0:06:20just like Malala.
0:06:20 > 0:06:22So I'm going back there to find out.
0:06:35 > 0:06:38With nearly 200 million people,
0:06:38 > 0:06:41Pakistan has the sixth largest population in the world,
0:06:41 > 0:06:43and most are Muslims.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50The Pakistani Taliban have been waging a war
0:06:50 > 0:06:54against the government to bring in a more extreme version of Islam.
0:06:58 > 0:07:04My first stop is the capital, Islamabad, and it's not what I was expecting.
0:07:04 > 0:07:11Islamabad seems calm and pretty, with hedges and flowers, really orderly.
0:07:14 > 0:07:18I've just seen school girls going off to school, coming out of school,
0:07:18 > 0:07:21people shopping, just doing very, very normal things.
0:07:24 > 0:07:28It's as if these people here in Islamabad are about as far
0:07:28 > 0:07:31away from Malala as I was in London.
0:07:32 > 0:07:34It just doesn't seem to register here.
0:07:37 > 0:07:41I'm off to meet another schoolgirl who comes from the Swat Valley,
0:07:41 > 0:07:43where Malala lived.
0:07:50 > 0:07:54Hina Khan is 18, two years older than Malala.
0:07:55 > 0:07:56Are those awards yours?
0:07:56 > 0:07:59Yes.
0:07:59 > 0:08:03Hina's family left the Swat Valley six years ago to
0:08:03 > 0:08:04escape the Taliban.
0:08:05 > 0:08:08What kind of things did the Taliban do to people to make
0:08:08 > 0:08:10the situation so bad?
0:08:11 > 0:08:16- TRANSLATION:- There were bomb blasts and schools started closing.
0:08:16 > 0:08:21All the girls schools in our area were blown up.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24When the situation was bad in Swat,
0:08:24 > 0:08:26they flogged a girl who went out alone,
0:08:26 > 0:08:30and they threw acid in the face of another girl who went out alone.
0:08:33 > 0:08:39Like Malala, Hina wasn't prepared to keep quiet about what was happening.
0:08:39 > 0:08:43- This is the press conference. - That's the press conference.
0:08:53 > 0:08:56When she arrived in Islamabad, she held a press conference.
0:08:57 > 0:08:59Why did you do it?
0:08:59 > 0:09:04I saved myself, but I felt mean leaving my friends behind.
0:09:06 > 0:09:10That's why I did what I did, so the government would know,
0:09:10 > 0:09:13and help my friends and other girls.
0:09:15 > 0:09:19Hina had openly criticised the Taliban.
0:09:19 > 0:09:22The next day, they marked her house with a red cross.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28The first time, my father received a phone call threatening us.
0:09:28 > 0:09:31Now we have had another red cross
0:09:31 > 0:09:36and more threatening phone calls, and we are thinking of moving again.
0:09:40 > 0:09:44So Malala is not the only schoolgirl to have been
0:09:44 > 0:09:46targeted by the Taliban.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49The red cross may now be gone from Hina's gate,
0:09:49 > 0:09:53but she still lives in constant fear of reprisals.
0:09:56 > 0:10:00And I'm shocked by what she's told me about life under Taliban rule.
0:10:02 > 0:10:06There's like this video of the Taliban beating a 17-year-old girl
0:10:06 > 0:10:09because they thought she was seeing a married man.
0:10:09 > 0:10:12So I'm just looking for that online.
0:10:12 > 0:10:15SCREAMING
0:10:18 > 0:10:20In Swat they rule by fear.
0:10:20 > 0:10:26They policed the area with public floggings and executions, displaying
0:10:26 > 0:10:29bodies as a warning to people not to step outside their interpretation
0:10:29 > 0:10:34of Islamic law, like this 17-year-old is supposed to have done.
0:10:34 > 0:10:35SCREAMING
0:10:35 > 0:10:40If you were going to torture a woman by flogging her, beating her,
0:10:40 > 0:10:44why would you have an audience of men?
0:10:46 > 0:10:48There's at least 30 guys there.
0:10:48 > 0:10:51One of the people standing there watching the woman get beaten up.
0:10:51 > 0:10:52Woman?
0:10:52 > 0:10:57She's a 17-year-old girl. One of them came and held her down.
0:10:57 > 0:11:00That's not justice, that's humiliation.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02I can't believe they had to live through that.
0:11:04 > 0:11:07Most of us know the Taliban from Afghanistan,
0:11:07 > 0:11:10where they're fighting a war against British troops.
0:11:13 > 0:11:17Here in Pakistan, they're from the same ethnic group, the Pashtuns.
0:11:17 > 0:11:19They want to take over the country
0:11:19 > 0:11:22and bring in their own extreme version of Islam.
0:11:26 > 0:11:29In 2007, they took control of the Swat Valley in the North
0:11:29 > 0:11:31where Malala lived.
0:11:35 > 0:11:37They banned girls like her from going to school
0:11:37 > 0:11:40and began systematically destroying them.
0:11:42 > 0:11:46By the time the Pakistani Army took back control of the area,
0:11:46 > 0:11:47400 schools had been bombed.
0:11:49 > 0:11:54But the attacks didn't stop, they just moved to neighbouring areas.
0:11:57 > 0:12:00The Taliban's heartland stretches across the northern
0:12:00 > 0:12:02mountains of Pakistan.
0:12:02 > 0:12:04And you don't have to travel more than a hundred kilometres
0:12:04 > 0:12:07from the capital before you're into Taliban country.
0:12:14 > 0:12:17It's a dangerous place to be and I'm heading there now.
0:12:19 > 0:12:23I want to see for myself the damage they're still inflicting.
0:12:25 > 0:12:31So we're in Swabi and on our way to a school now that's been destroyed,
0:12:31 > 0:12:33it's been attacked.
0:12:33 > 0:12:35There is a three car escort, we're in the middle,
0:12:35 > 0:12:38there's a car in front, a car behind
0:12:38 > 0:12:41with all really different people. There's ex-military people here,
0:12:41 > 0:12:45there's organisers, there's officials, there's even a councilman who's got
0:12:45 > 0:12:50to take us there because it's quite a dangerous area to be in.
0:12:55 > 0:12:58The Taliban aren't in government here, but they manage to
0:12:58 > 0:13:02make their presence felt through frequent acts of violence.
0:13:04 > 0:13:08And they don't like strangers, so I'm dressed in the traditional
0:13:08 > 0:13:11Salwar Kameez to try to fit in as much as possible.
0:13:15 > 0:13:18This high school was targeted recently by the Taliban.
0:13:21 > 0:13:24Salaam aleikum.
0:13:24 > 0:13:27Thank you very much for letting us come here.
0:13:27 > 0:13:29So the whole building...
0:13:42 > 0:13:44How did the attack happen?
0:13:55 > 0:13:59Despite the attack, lessons have continued.
0:13:59 > 0:14:06- So the kids still come here? - Yes.- That's very brave.
0:14:06 > 0:14:08Are you not scared that they'll come back?
0:14:21 > 0:14:23We've only been here 20 minutes
0:14:23 > 0:14:26but it's risky having foreigners looking around.
0:14:26 > 0:14:29We've been asked politely to leave, as quick as possible, because
0:14:29 > 0:14:33it's not safe here, so although he's telling me that the
0:14:33 > 0:14:36kids have come back the next day, I'm still being told to leave.
0:14:41 > 0:14:45In this area, the Taliban have good information networks,
0:14:45 > 0:14:48and it won't take long for them to find out we're here.
0:14:53 > 0:14:54Can we go to the other school?
0:14:54 > 0:14:56Yes, we're just going to this one
0:14:56 > 0:14:59and then we really have to...
0:14:59 > 0:15:03- The news is in the air now. - That we're here?
0:15:03 > 0:15:06- Yes, we are here. - So they know we're here.- Yeah.
0:15:06 > 0:15:1081 schools were attacked in this region alone last year.
0:15:14 > 0:15:19It's like they're systematically just trying to destroy every single one.
0:15:24 > 0:15:26The wall has been ripped off.
0:15:26 > 0:15:30This school just a few miles down the road was also bombed.
0:15:32 > 0:15:33Unlike the last school,
0:15:33 > 0:15:37it was so badly damaged that it never reopened.
0:15:40 > 0:15:44Stuff has hit everything, debris, shrapnel has just flown out
0:15:44 > 0:15:46and can you imagine if there are people in here?
0:15:50 > 0:15:52The bomb was placed in a classroom doorway.
0:15:52 > 0:15:54This happened here?
0:15:54 > 0:15:57How deep is this?
0:16:03 > 0:16:06THEY SPEAK OWN LANGUAGE
0:16:06 > 0:16:08The whole thing?
0:16:11 > 0:16:16This entire wall here was blown up.
0:16:17 > 0:16:19This is just pointless.
0:16:21 > 0:16:26That's another school out of action, and for the Taliban another victory.
0:16:33 > 0:16:37But now they've started to target the people who teach in the schools as well.
0:16:39 > 0:16:44The road we're on at the moment is the road where
0:16:44 > 0:16:48a group of health workers, teachers were ambushed, attacked, and six women were killed.
0:16:53 > 0:16:55In January, four gunmen on motorcycles ambushed
0:16:55 > 0:16:58a minibus as it was driving workers to a school
0:16:58 > 0:17:01and health centre in the village of Sher Afzal Banda.
0:17:02 > 0:17:05Seven people were killed, six of them women.
0:17:08 > 0:17:12I've come to the village where the women worked to meet Mohammed Saeed,
0:17:12 > 0:17:16a local councillor who knew the women and their families.
0:17:17 > 0:17:19Salaam aleikum.
0:17:21 > 0:17:24This is your area, this is your district from where you work?
0:17:56 > 0:17:59The little boy was with his mother.
0:17:59 > 0:18:03She was killed, but he survived.
0:18:03 > 0:18:05I can't forget the little boy's face.
0:18:23 > 0:18:25Since the attack happened, the school
0:18:25 > 0:18:29and health centre have remained closed because people are scared.
0:18:48 > 0:18:50Word has got round that I'm here
0:18:50 > 0:18:54and some of the children are hopeful I might be their new teacher.
0:18:54 > 0:18:57Whilst I was in here talking to the councillor, all these kids
0:18:57 > 0:19:01have been gathering and this was the school where most of these
0:19:01 > 0:19:04kids would go and come to learn, and literally they're all here.
0:19:04 > 0:19:06Hello, salaam aleikum.
0:19:11 > 0:19:13I'm very sorry, I'm very sorry.
0:19:13 > 0:19:15This is your school.
0:19:17 > 0:19:20They know what they're doing when they attack these sorts of places.
0:19:20 > 0:19:25They rip the heart and soul out of the local community.
0:19:25 > 0:19:28They just steal the kids' future in one instant.
0:19:28 > 0:19:30There's nothing physically wrong here.
0:19:30 > 0:19:32This place functions, it works,
0:19:32 > 0:19:33but the fear in them.
0:19:44 > 0:19:46The women have their own living quarters
0:19:46 > 0:19:50away from the eyes of the men, where they don't have to cover themselves.
0:19:50 > 0:19:53They're intrigued to meet a foreigner like me.
0:19:53 > 0:20:00If you want people to treat you in a good way, you come to a village. Fact of life.
0:20:02 > 0:20:04Oh, thank you so much! Thank you!
0:20:04 > 0:20:06Thank you! You're very kind!
0:20:06 > 0:20:09As hospitable as they are, there's
0:20:09 > 0:20:12a fear that if we stay too long, we might draw unwelcome attention.
0:20:12 > 0:20:17We have to go now. They say they're too scared.
0:20:20 > 0:20:22Once again,
0:20:22 > 0:20:25we have to keep moving to stay one step ahead of the Taliban.
0:20:27 > 0:20:31Swabi and the capital Islamabad are
0:20:31 > 0:20:36about 100kms apart, but I promise you
0:20:36 > 0:20:40that it feels like you're going back in time not in kilometres.
0:20:40 > 0:20:42What I'm talking about is attitudes.
0:20:42 > 0:20:47You get the most raw qualities of humanity in somewhere like that.
0:20:47 > 0:20:52You get people who are willing to kill and murder and maim for what
0:20:52 > 0:20:56they believe in or what they think is right, and then you get some
0:20:56 > 0:21:00of the best hospitality that you've ever seen anywhere in the world.
0:21:07 > 0:21:11When the Taliban shot Malala in October last year,
0:21:11 > 0:21:14the news reverberated around the whole world.
0:21:14 > 0:21:17A 14-year-old activist, a young girl was shot
0:21:17 > 0:21:19and wounded by Taliban gunmen.
0:21:19 > 0:21:22She was on her way home from school when she was fired on.
0:21:22 > 0:21:25Religious extremists planned to assassinate
0:21:25 > 0:21:27her on her school bus.
0:21:27 > 0:21:29She is still in a critical condition.
0:21:32 > 0:21:35All eyes were focused on Malala's fight for life,
0:21:35 > 0:21:38but two other girls had also been injured in the attack.
0:21:40 > 0:21:44I'm actually really excited because the girls are staying at this hotel.
0:21:44 > 0:21:47They've come down to Islamabad just to see me,
0:21:47 > 0:21:50and they were actually on the minibus when the attack
0:21:50 > 0:21:55took place, so I just want to go and see them and find out what happened.
0:21:55 > 0:21:59Kainat Riaz and Shazia Ramzan were friends of Malala
0:21:59 > 0:22:04and were sitting next to her on the bus on the day she was shot.
0:22:04 > 0:22:06Hi, salaam aleikum.
0:22:08 > 0:22:13- I'm Shazia.- Shazia, hi. - Kainat.- Kainat, hi!
0:22:13 > 0:22:16It's lovely to be here and finally meet you.
0:22:16 > 0:22:20Let's sit down. Let's sit down. Do you want to sit there?
0:22:20 > 0:22:23The girls have travelled down with their fathers.
0:22:23 > 0:22:26They want to tell me about what happened that day.
0:22:26 > 0:22:31TRANSLATION: This attack happened all of a sudden.
0:22:31 > 0:22:39We were coming back from school during exams and on the way, two boys stopped the bus and asked,
0:22:39 > 0:22:43- "Which one of you is Malala?"- They asked for her?
0:22:43 > 0:22:45Yes, they did!
0:22:45 > 0:22:50- TRANSLATION:- So, all of us girls sitting in the van looked at Malala
0:22:50 > 0:22:52and then at the gunman.
0:22:52 > 0:22:54And he realised that since we were looking at one girl,
0:22:54 > 0:22:55it must be Malala.
0:22:55 > 0:23:00So he fired at her.
0:23:00 > 0:23:03I was sitting next to Malala, very close to her. Like this.
0:23:03 > 0:23:05Yes.
0:23:07 > 0:23:10So then, he fired at me, and Kainat was sitting next to me
0:23:10 > 0:23:12and she was also hit.
0:23:12 > 0:23:17When he started to shoot what went through your head?
0:23:17 > 0:23:19Could you even think?
0:23:19 > 0:23:25No, we didn't think about how we felt, but when he pulled out
0:23:25 > 0:23:28the gun and started to shoot, then I thought "This is it."
0:23:28 > 0:23:31"Maybe we won't survive." We were staring death in the face!
0:23:35 > 0:23:39The minibus they were travelling in was tiny, unprotected and open.
0:23:45 > 0:23:49TRANSLATION: And when I looked at Malala, she was bleeding a lot.
0:23:49 > 0:23:51She seemed in a very bad way.
0:23:53 > 0:23:59And I thought it must be a joke, I could not believe it was real.
0:24:01 > 0:24:04But when I realised that I was also injured, then...
0:24:04 > 0:24:06- Did you not feel it? You didn't know?- No.
0:24:06 > 0:24:09- You didn't feel the bullet? Nothing?- No.
0:24:09 > 0:24:10Nothing.
0:24:10 > 0:24:13But we were concentrating on Malala.
0:24:13 > 0:24:16We were not concerned about whether we had been hit or not.
0:24:17 > 0:24:19She was crying and shouting.
0:24:21 > 0:24:23Then the driver came round the back,
0:24:23 > 0:24:26and he saw that all three of us were injured.
0:24:26 > 0:24:29Malala was on the floor bleeding a lot,
0:24:29 > 0:24:32so he said he must take us directly to the emergency centre.
0:24:39 > 0:24:41Malala was taken by helicopter
0:24:41 > 0:24:43to a military hospital in Peshawar
0:24:43 > 0:24:45in a critical condition.
0:24:47 > 0:24:52Keinaat had been shot in the neck and Shazia in the shoulder and hand.
0:24:52 > 0:24:54But the bullets hadn't hit any vital organs
0:24:54 > 0:24:57and they were returned home after treatment.
0:24:57 > 0:25:00Were you worried that he was going to come back?
0:25:00 > 0:25:02I couldn't sleep at all that night.
0:25:02 > 0:25:05I slept with my mum and held her hand, and kept telling her,
0:25:05 > 0:25:07"I won't let you go." I was so scared.
0:25:07 > 0:25:11And when I slept, I kept shouting in my sleep.
0:25:11 > 0:25:14I didn't sleep properly for four or five days.
0:25:20 > 0:25:23Three days later, Malala was airlifted out of the country
0:25:23 > 0:25:25to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham,
0:25:25 > 0:25:29where her lifesaving treatment continued.
0:25:29 > 0:25:32A few months later, she underwent surgery
0:25:32 > 0:25:35to reconstruct the side of her face.
0:25:35 > 0:25:37If she'd remained in Pakistan,
0:25:37 > 0:25:40she would have been under constant threat from the Taliban.
0:25:43 > 0:25:45Shazia and Kainaat have soldiers
0:25:45 > 0:25:48permanently posted outside their homes to protect them.
0:25:51 > 0:25:55Do you still feel like they are going to do something to you?
0:25:55 > 0:25:58A month after the attack, there was
0:25:58 > 0:26:03a bomb blast at a neighbour's house,
0:26:03 > 0:26:06right behind our house.
0:26:06 > 0:26:10A girl my age and her grandmother both died.
0:26:13 > 0:26:17If the Army wasn't there to protect us, we might not still be here.
0:26:17 > 0:26:20No-one knows what will happen in the future.
0:26:24 > 0:26:27I'm impressed with Kainaat and Shazia's courage
0:26:27 > 0:26:29in the face of such danger.
0:26:29 > 0:26:31To them, education is THAT important.
0:26:34 > 0:26:38Their families are relatively well-off, but for many girls,
0:26:38 > 0:26:41education is an escape route out of grinding poverty.
0:26:49 > 0:26:52- HE CHANTS - In the name of Allah, the most beneficent...
0:26:52 > 0:26:56It's estimated one in three children don't have enough food to eat.
0:26:56 > 0:26:59Going to school gives them hope of a better life.
0:27:01 > 0:27:05Salaam Alaikum.
0:27:05 > 0:27:08So this is your school?
0:27:08 > 0:27:11'Ayub Khan has converted a public park in Islamabad
0:27:11 > 0:27:13'into a night school for underprivileged children
0:27:13 > 0:27:17'who otherwise wouldn't get an education.'
0:27:17 > 0:27:20In the constitution of the Pakistani government,
0:27:20 > 0:27:23it says that education is the right of children.
0:27:23 > 0:27:25Any child, every child.
0:27:25 > 0:27:28So why do you have to teach these kids in a park?
0:27:28 > 0:27:30I don't understand.
0:27:30 > 0:27:34TRANSLATION: Actually, these are the children of parents who can't afford
0:27:34 > 0:27:37to send them to school, and make them work instead.
0:27:37 > 0:27:40I've found them roaming in the streets.
0:27:40 > 0:27:44Some were picking up litter, some were working.
0:27:44 > 0:27:48So I gave them paper and pencils from my own pocket
0:27:48 > 0:27:49and started teaching them.
0:27:51 > 0:27:53Most of the children here have to work
0:27:53 > 0:27:55to earn money for their families.
0:28:03 > 0:28:07But they come here afterwards to learn.
0:28:07 > 0:28:10Reading, writing, maths and even foreign languages
0:28:10 > 0:28:12are all on Master Ayub's syllabus.
0:28:14 > 0:28:18Some of his pupils also help out with teaching as well as studying.
0:28:20 > 0:28:23This student came to me in class one.
0:28:23 > 0:28:26She was a tiny girl, just like these ones.
0:28:26 > 0:28:28- IN ENGLISH:- My name is Mehwish.
0:28:28 > 0:28:31- TRANSLATION:- One day, Sir saw me with my mother,
0:28:31 > 0:28:33and asked why I was working.
0:28:34 > 0:28:38I said that I don't go to school because we don't have enough money.
0:28:38 > 0:28:40- And now you're a teacher?- Yes.
0:28:42 > 0:28:44- You must be quite proud?- Yes.
0:28:46 > 0:28:49I think I'm amongst some of the coolest people on the planet,
0:28:49 > 0:28:53because these kids, whatever walk of life they've come from,
0:28:53 > 0:28:57they're here because they understand the value of education.
0:28:57 > 0:28:59They have got nothing.
0:28:59 > 0:29:02The only thing they have is that paper and pen in their hands
0:29:02 > 0:29:05and they're hoping that that's going to take them to a better life.
0:29:05 > 0:29:09CHILDREN REPEAT LESSONS BACK
0:29:17 > 0:29:20One, two, three, four, five, six!
0:29:20 > 0:29:23After school's over, 12-year-old Mehwish invites me
0:29:23 > 0:29:26to come home with her to meet her family.
0:29:29 > 0:29:32This is very hard every day with your brothers and sisters.
0:29:32 > 0:29:35- TRANSLATION:- Yes, it's really difficult because we often have to
0:29:35 > 0:29:36go up and down to get water,
0:29:36 > 0:29:39and sometimes there is no water. It's hard work.
0:29:39 > 0:29:41Yeah, I couldn't do this every day.
0:29:48 > 0:29:52Mehwish lives in the foothills on the edge of Islamabad
0:29:52 > 0:29:54and walks for an hour to get to and from school
0:29:54 > 0:29:57with her brothers and sisters.
0:29:57 > 0:30:01Three generations share one home.
0:30:01 > 0:30:04- She is my grandmother. - Salaam aleikum.
0:30:04 > 0:30:06THEY EXCHANGE GREETINGS
0:30:06 > 0:30:10- This is my mother.- Salaam aleikum.
0:30:11 > 0:30:13And she is my aunt.
0:30:15 > 0:30:17Thank you!
0:30:17 > 0:30:20'12 people live in this two-room house.'
0:30:21 > 0:30:23- All of you live here?- Yes.
0:30:23 > 0:30:26Who sleeps where? Where's your bed?
0:30:26 > 0:30:31- She sleeps here.- Ah, OK, so your auntie sleeps here?
0:30:31 > 0:30:33- And my uncle sleeps there on that bed.- OK.
0:30:33 > 0:30:38My grandma sleeps here, and the children sleep on the floor.
0:30:38 > 0:30:40- You too?- Yes. - How many kids sleep on the floor?
0:30:50 > 0:30:53All the cooking is done outside on an open fire.
0:30:55 > 0:30:58There's no gas and no electricity.
0:30:58 > 0:31:01The family live on less than two dollars a day.
0:31:01 > 0:31:05- But you are very happy. - Yes, I am very, very happy.
0:31:05 > 0:31:08When I finish my studies, we will have money.
0:31:08 > 0:31:10At the moment, things are not so good,
0:31:10 > 0:31:13but we must thank Allah for whatever he has given us.
0:31:13 > 0:31:16There are many people who don't have a roof over their head,
0:31:16 > 0:31:19they don't even have enough to eat.
0:31:19 > 0:31:22When you were small, did you go to school ever?
0:31:22 > 0:31:25- TRANSLATION:- We couldn't afford to go to school.
0:31:25 > 0:31:31How important do you think school is for your daughter's life?
0:31:31 > 0:31:34It's my dream that she will get a high-level government job
0:31:34 > 0:31:37and will be able to provide for her family better than I could.
0:31:37 > 0:31:39This is my dream.
0:31:39 > 0:31:44I also wish that my mum's dream comes true soon.
0:31:47 > 0:31:50And I want to become a teacher!
0:31:55 > 0:31:58If Mehwish can become a teacher, she can earn enough
0:31:58 > 0:32:00to lift her family out of poverty
0:32:00 > 0:32:03and help other children to do the same.
0:32:03 > 0:32:07Thank you very much. Come here, you.
0:32:07 > 0:32:08For people like her,
0:32:08 > 0:32:12getting an education is an escape route to a better life.
0:32:12 > 0:32:14Bye!
0:32:16 > 0:32:20She's doing so much with so little that I just look at her in awe.
0:32:23 > 0:32:26If people like Mehwish and the principal,
0:32:26 > 0:32:31if they continued, if there was more of them,
0:32:31 > 0:32:35there is no limits to what Pakistan could achieve.
0:32:35 > 0:32:37If they were allowed to.
0:32:37 > 0:32:39If the poverty weren't there,
0:32:39 > 0:32:43if the threat of being shot in the head because you want to be better,
0:32:43 > 0:32:45if these things weren't there,
0:32:45 > 0:32:48and people like Mehwish were allowed to thrive, you know...
0:32:48 > 0:32:50they would be the future.
0:32:55 > 0:32:57So far, the Taliban have carried out
0:32:57 > 0:32:59their campaign against girls' education
0:32:59 > 0:33:02in their traditional heartland of Northern Pakistan.
0:33:02 > 0:33:04And people like Mehwish have felt safe
0:33:04 > 0:33:07going to school in the big cities.
0:33:07 > 0:33:08But things are changing.
0:33:17 > 0:33:23I'm flying 1,000 kilometres south to Pakistan's biggest city, Karachi.
0:33:36 > 0:33:3821 million people live here.
0:33:38 > 0:33:41This is the country's financial and commercial hub,
0:33:41 > 0:33:46home to its largest port and the nerve centre of its economy
0:33:46 > 0:33:49Karachi does feel really, really different... Ooh, hi!
0:33:49 > 0:33:52..to Islamabad.
0:33:54 > 0:33:56'It's also its crime capital.
0:33:56 > 0:34:00'Last year, there were more than 2,000 reported killings.
0:34:00 > 0:34:02'That's one every four hours.'
0:34:02 > 0:34:06Everyone I've met so far has warned me about this place.
0:34:06 > 0:34:08They've said, "You'd better watch out."
0:34:08 > 0:34:10And there are rumours going around
0:34:10 > 0:34:12that this is the next spot for the Taliban.
0:34:12 > 0:34:14This is where they want to gain control.
0:34:15 > 0:34:18This is a Mecca for gangland violence,
0:34:18 > 0:34:19and now the Taliban have moved
0:34:19 > 0:34:22into the poorer Pashtun areas on the fringes of the city.
0:34:24 > 0:34:27They've been attacking police stations, killing officers,
0:34:27 > 0:34:29and in some neighbourhoods,
0:34:29 > 0:34:31they've even started their own justice system.
0:34:33 > 0:34:36That area behind me is like a no-go area,
0:34:36 > 0:34:38because the Taliban basically control it.
0:34:38 > 0:34:41No ambulance is going to go in there if you're sick,
0:34:41 > 0:34:43the police aren't going to go in if you need help there,
0:34:43 > 0:34:45because they just can't.
0:34:45 > 0:34:47They don't have any power.
0:34:47 > 0:34:49And in that kind of an area, you know,
0:34:49 > 0:34:51the Taliban can do whatever they want.
0:34:51 > 0:34:52They can leave their mark.
0:34:58 > 0:35:02And top of the Taliban agenda is attacking girls' schools.
0:35:02 > 0:35:05There's been news of an attack on a school nearby
0:35:05 > 0:35:08in an area where the Taliban are active.
0:35:09 > 0:35:12There was an attack on the head teacher of a school.
0:35:12 > 0:35:14No-one's really sure why,
0:35:14 > 0:35:17but there's a suspicion that the Taliban were involved,
0:35:17 > 0:35:21because this guy represented a lot of what they don't like.
0:35:21 > 0:35:24But it's just those signs, those little signs of them
0:35:24 > 0:35:25getting here, getting in.
0:35:34 > 0:35:38The area is so dangerous, we need a police escort to the school.
0:35:40 > 0:35:43It's less than 24 hours since the shooting happened,
0:35:43 > 0:35:45and local people are still gathered around.
0:35:48 > 0:35:50Police officers are guarding the crime scene.
0:35:53 > 0:35:56- This is the Nation Secondary School. - Yeah?
0:35:56 > 0:36:00The Taliban struck during an awards ceremony at the all-girls school.
0:36:00 > 0:36:03The Head Teacher, Abdul Rasheed, was killed on the spot,
0:36:03 > 0:36:05and six children were injured.
0:36:08 > 0:36:11- This is the blood of childs.- Oh, God.
0:36:13 > 0:36:15Oh, my goodness.
0:36:15 > 0:36:19Mr Attaur Rahman, the principal of the Iqbal Academy is also here.
0:36:19 > 0:36:22He is injured in this incident at that time.
0:36:22 > 0:36:25- You were here when this happened?- Yes.
0:36:26 > 0:36:29'Attaur Rahman, a head teacher at a nearby school,
0:36:29 > 0:36:31'was a guest at the ceremony.
0:36:31 > 0:36:35'He was sitting next to Mr Rasheed when the gunman opened fire.'
0:36:36 > 0:36:38So what did you see? What happened here?
0:36:38 > 0:36:43A person came here and he started firing.
0:36:43 > 0:36:46First he started to the principal, then me,
0:36:46 > 0:36:51then others, and all the children were crying.
0:36:51 > 0:36:56So I said to them to go inside the rooms
0:36:56 > 0:37:03and meanwhile, a hand grenade, they throw here.
0:37:03 > 0:37:06'Six of the girls were injured
0:37:06 > 0:37:08by flying shrapnel from the grenade.'
0:37:08 > 0:37:11You've obviously been injured in what happened yesterday.
0:37:11 > 0:37:14- You've hurt yourself.- Yes, uh...
0:37:16 > 0:37:18One bullet in from here
0:37:18 > 0:37:23- and from here, outside.- Oh, God!
0:37:23 > 0:37:27- Oh, my goodness. - And another one shot here.
0:37:27 > 0:37:29That's on your chest!
0:37:29 > 0:37:32Here is, passes through my skin.
0:37:32 > 0:37:36Why would anybody want to attack small girls, small children?
0:37:36 > 0:37:39Because they want to spread fear.
0:37:39 > 0:37:40But one thing,
0:37:40 > 0:37:43I'm sure that they did not want to educate our children.
0:37:43 > 0:37:46What is the future of our kids?
0:37:46 > 0:37:52We need support, not only in this country, but international support.
0:37:52 > 0:37:55This is what Malala tried to do.
0:37:55 > 0:37:58Malala was here. She visited this school.
0:37:58 > 0:38:01Did she? She visited here?
0:38:01 > 0:38:08Yes, in March 2012, Malala visited this school.
0:38:08 > 0:38:11She met with the girls.
0:38:11 > 0:38:15They were very happy that Malala was among them.
0:38:15 > 0:38:21The school is now shut and its future is uncertain.
0:38:21 > 0:38:24Parents are scared to let their children return.
0:38:24 > 0:38:27Why would you choose to attack a school on the day that
0:38:27 > 0:38:30they're getting the prizes?
0:38:30 > 0:38:31On this day, on the day when actually,
0:38:31 > 0:38:35they're being recognised for being good at something.
0:38:35 > 0:38:37Unless you wanted to teach them a lesson,
0:38:37 > 0:38:38unless you wanted to say to them,
0:38:38 > 0:38:41"You're not leaving here. You're not going to be educated,
0:38:41 > 0:38:44"you're not going to go to college, you're not going to get a job.
0:38:44 > 0:38:46"You're not leaving this really poor town, you know?
0:38:46 > 0:38:48"You're never going to get anywhere,
0:38:48 > 0:38:50"and I'm going to stop you by terrorising you."
0:38:50 > 0:38:53And this is exactly what Malala's talking about.
0:39:01 > 0:39:04The injured girls were sent a couple of miles away to
0:39:04 > 0:39:06the public hospital in Saddar Town,
0:39:06 > 0:39:09another poverty-stricken area of Karachi.
0:39:12 > 0:39:15God, if I was sick, I hope I don't end up here.
0:39:20 > 0:39:22The hospital is filthy,
0:39:22 > 0:39:24with blood stains and cockroaches,
0:39:24 > 0:39:26a far cry from the military facility
0:39:26 > 0:39:28Malala was taken to when she was shot.
0:39:28 > 0:39:32But it's the nearest medical centre to the school.
0:39:32 > 0:39:38SHE GREETS THEM IN OWN LANGUAGE
0:39:38 > 0:39:39Give me your hand, shake my hand.
0:39:57 > 0:40:00Tahira has shrapnel wounds in her legs and feet.
0:40:00 > 0:40:03She was close to the grenade when it exploded.
0:40:05 > 0:40:09- TRANSLATION:- After the firing started, she lost her consciousness.
0:40:09 > 0:40:11All the children got panicky.
0:40:11 > 0:40:14When the grenade was thrown, its pellets hit her legs and feet.
0:40:14 > 0:40:16Is she going to be OK?
0:40:16 > 0:40:19Is she going to be in hospital for a long time?
0:40:19 > 0:40:25They will tell us tomorrow, because they have not extracted the pellets.
0:40:25 > 0:40:29I mean, the pieces that hit her, from the grenade or the bomb.
0:40:31 > 0:40:34Are you going to let her go back to school?
0:40:34 > 0:40:37Will you let anyone in your family go to school?
0:40:37 > 0:40:41The thing is, education is essential.
0:40:41 > 0:40:46If there was no education, we wouldn't be able to think freely.
0:40:48 > 0:40:51So, God willing, as soon as she has recovered,
0:40:51 > 0:40:52she will go back to school.
0:40:54 > 0:40:56Don't you feel scared?
0:40:56 > 0:40:59She does feel scared, but what can we do?
0:40:59 > 0:41:01We have to educate our children.
0:41:03 > 0:41:05Shake my hand?
0:41:05 > 0:41:08Yes! Bye-bye. See you.
0:41:08 > 0:41:10'Ten-year-old Tahira's shrapnel wounds prove
0:41:10 > 0:41:12'that the Taliban are still waging war
0:41:12 > 0:41:15'against girls brave enough to go to school,
0:41:15 > 0:41:18'nine months after Malala was shot.'
0:41:18 > 0:41:21I am here in Pakistan today, months and months later,
0:41:21 > 0:41:25and I'm at a hospital where the same thing's happened.
0:41:25 > 0:41:29That little tiny girl, so frail and so cute and so innocent,
0:41:29 > 0:41:32she was doing something that was so normal and so natural.
0:41:32 > 0:41:33She was in her classroom in a school,
0:41:33 > 0:41:36and I suppose it really brings it home
0:41:36 > 0:41:40that there are people in the world who are dying to get an education.
0:41:43 > 0:41:45'And that night, I hear that one of the girls
0:41:45 > 0:41:46'injured in the attack has died.
0:41:50 > 0:41:53'I can't understand how the Taliban can justify
0:41:53 > 0:41:58'taking the life of a young girl because she wants to go to school.'
0:41:58 > 0:42:01I've only got a few questions, but they need answering.
0:42:01 > 0:42:03'With the help of middle men,
0:42:03 > 0:42:06'I manage to get a message to the Taliban asking for an interview,
0:42:06 > 0:42:09'but they refuse to speak to me.
0:42:09 > 0:42:13'After the shooting of Malala, they did release a statement.'
0:42:13 > 0:42:15"Although she was young and a girl,
0:42:15 > 0:42:18"and the Taliban does not believe in attacking women,
0:42:18 > 0:42:21"whomsoever leads a campaign against Islam and Shariah
0:42:21 > 0:42:23"is ordered to be killed by Shariah.
0:42:23 > 0:42:26"It is not merely allowed to kill such a person,
0:42:26 > 0:42:28"but it is obligatory in Islam."
0:42:42 > 0:42:45But Malala wasn't campaigning against Islam,
0:42:45 > 0:42:47she was fighting for education.
0:42:47 > 0:42:49And I was brought up to believe
0:42:49 > 0:42:53that it's the duty of men and women under Islam to seek education.
0:42:53 > 0:42:57In fact, most mosques have their own schools, called madrassas.
0:43:00 > 0:43:03I'm on my way to the Red Mosque in Islamabad.
0:43:03 > 0:43:05It's the closest I'm going to get to any answers.
0:43:09 > 0:43:14It's Pakistan's largest Mosque, with a reputation for extremism.
0:43:14 > 0:43:18GUNFIRE AND SHOUTS
0:43:18 > 0:43:21In 2007, The Red Mosque became a battleground
0:43:21 > 0:43:24between its hardline followers and the Pakistani Army,
0:43:24 > 0:43:27after its students started attacking local people
0:43:27 > 0:43:28they accused of breaking Islamic law.
0:43:32 > 0:43:35Female students carried out anti-vice raids in the city.
0:43:38 > 0:43:40After nine days of clashes,
0:43:40 > 0:43:42Government security forces stormed the mosque
0:43:42 > 0:43:44and the madrassa next-door.
0:43:48 > 0:43:50The militants fought back with machine guns,
0:43:50 > 0:43:54shoulder-fired rockets and petrol bombs.
0:43:54 > 0:43:57By the end of the battle, more than 150 people had been killed
0:43:57 > 0:43:59and the madrassa was destroyed.
0:44:05 > 0:44:08But a new location was found for the madrassa,
0:44:08 > 0:44:11and with 5,000 students, it's now the largest in Pakistan.
0:44:13 > 0:44:15I've been promised I can speak to
0:44:15 > 0:44:19the head of the Mosque, Maulana Abdul Aziz.
0:44:19 > 0:44:22But first I'm getting a tour of the girls' madrassa.
0:44:22 > 0:44:24For me to be here is a big deal,
0:44:24 > 0:44:26and for them to even speak to me is a big deal.
0:44:32 > 0:44:34It's a rare privilege to be shown around.
0:44:34 > 0:44:37Hi!
0:44:37 > 0:44:40THEY EXCHANGE GREETINGS IN OWN LANGUAGE
0:44:40 > 0:44:43Thank you for letting me come to the madrassa.
0:44:46 > 0:44:50The students in the madrassa range from the age of five to 20.
0:44:50 > 0:44:55The older students have to cover their faces because of our visit.
0:44:55 > 0:44:59- This is classes? - Yes, this is classes of Taqmillah.
0:44:59 > 0:45:02This class is full of PHD students studying the Qur'an.
0:45:02 > 0:45:06TEACHER READS OUT LESSON OVER TANNOY
0:45:06 > 0:45:08What are they talking about right now?
0:45:22 > 0:45:24TEACHER CONTINUES OVER TANNOY
0:45:24 > 0:45:29So that loud tannoy is the teacher and all these are the students,
0:45:29 > 0:45:32but because it's so important for men and women to be separate,
0:45:32 > 0:45:34it's furz, which means it's mandatory,
0:45:34 > 0:45:38this classroom hasn't got a teacher in it at all.
0:45:38 > 0:45:41That's him, and they can't be in the same room.
0:45:47 > 0:45:51So they're the oldest, now we're going to see some younger children?
0:45:51 > 0:45:56CHILDREN REPEAT TEACHER
0:45:56 > 0:45:58Gosh, they are disciplined!
0:46:02 > 0:46:06- CHILDREN REPEAT BACK - I am seven year old.
0:46:06 > 0:46:09There's science, maths, and English on the syllabus here,
0:46:09 > 0:46:12but the subject that dominates is Islamic studies.
0:46:15 > 0:46:18So now we're going to pink class. What subjects are they learning?
0:46:38 > 0:46:39Classes are free,
0:46:39 > 0:46:42and children come from all over the country to study here.
0:46:42 > 0:46:46Hi, salaam aleikum.
0:46:48 > 0:46:50'The madrassa is run by Ume Hassan.
0:46:50 > 0:46:52'She's the wife of the head of the Mosque
0:46:52 > 0:46:55'and a senior figure in the Islamic community.'
0:46:56 > 0:46:59The most important thing for you is Islamic studies?
0:46:59 > 0:47:01Then everything else?
0:47:01 > 0:47:05No, no, Islamic studies is number one
0:47:05 > 0:47:08and every...other studies is number two.
0:47:08 > 0:47:10- Everything else?- Everything.
0:47:10 > 0:47:11- Sahibe?- Everything.
0:47:11 > 0:47:13TRANSLATION: Our basis is the Qur'an.
0:47:13 > 0:47:15If we want to become a perfect Muslim,
0:47:15 > 0:47:19we have to learn the Qur'an, and then the whole world is in front of us.
0:47:22 > 0:47:25The Taliban have said that girls can be educated,
0:47:25 > 0:47:30but that there should be no co-education, no mixed classes.
0:47:30 > 0:47:32So the Taliban came here?
0:47:32 > 0:47:36We invited them over for talks.
0:47:36 > 0:47:39The government asked us to talk to them.
0:47:41 > 0:47:47If someone called you an extremist, what would you say?
0:47:47 > 0:47:51I would say, "Yes." What's wrong with that?
0:47:51 > 0:47:55If you asked a doctor if he's a doctor, would he be ashamed of that?
0:47:55 > 0:48:00- Yes, I'm an extremist.- You're happy to call yourself an extremist?
0:48:00 > 0:48:02Yes, and I'm proud of it.
0:48:07 > 0:48:09The Taliban may have told the principal
0:48:09 > 0:48:12that they are just opposed to co-education not girls' education,
0:48:12 > 0:48:14but if that's true,
0:48:14 > 0:48:18why did they shoot Malala, who went to an all-girls school?
0:48:22 > 0:48:25I want to talk to the principal's husband, Maulana Abdul Aziz,
0:48:25 > 0:48:27the head of the Red Mosque.
0:48:27 > 0:48:30He doesn't normally grant an audience to a woman,
0:48:30 > 0:48:31but he's agreed to speak to me.
0:48:36 > 0:48:38Salaam Aleikum.
0:48:41 > 0:48:44The Maulana won't look directly at me as, in his view,
0:48:44 > 0:48:46this would be un-Islamic.
0:48:49 > 0:48:52Maulana Aziz fought in the battle of the Mosque.
0:48:52 > 0:48:55He was captured and jailed, and his brother and his son were killed.
0:48:59 > 0:49:02- TRANSLATION:- Islam is the most peaceful religion,
0:49:02 > 0:49:03but consider it like this,
0:49:03 > 0:49:07if someone attacks Islam, then Islam asks for jihad,
0:49:07 > 0:49:11to fight against them.
0:49:11 > 0:49:16Obviously, the biggest news at the moment is Malala and her story.
0:49:16 > 0:49:19When you heard of it, what did you think about it?
0:49:21 > 0:49:22She is a human being,
0:49:22 > 0:49:25and we could never support the injustice against her,
0:49:25 > 0:49:28and we grieve over what happened to her.
0:49:28 > 0:49:30But there was a reason.
0:49:30 > 0:49:33She said that liberalism is acceptable,
0:49:33 > 0:49:36and there was no need for women to cover themselves.
0:49:36 > 0:49:39She talked against Islam. That's why the West like her.
0:49:39 > 0:49:41But Malala is Muslim.
0:49:41 > 0:49:43Yes, she is, but we are all Muslims.
0:49:43 > 0:49:47So what's wrong with what she was saying?
0:49:47 > 0:49:49Why did they attack her?
0:49:49 > 0:49:51I don't know who attacked Malala.
0:49:51 > 0:49:53I don't support them, and it was wrong.
0:49:53 > 0:49:57Where is the evidence that she was attacked? Who attacked her?
0:49:57 > 0:50:02Look, in America the World Trade Center was attacked.
0:50:02 > 0:50:04There should be a proper investigation
0:50:04 > 0:50:06into who made these attacks.
0:50:09 > 0:50:13'But we know the Taliban shot Malala because they claimed responsibility.
0:50:13 > 0:50:15'And she didn't speak out against Islam
0:50:15 > 0:50:18'so that wasn't the reason for shooting her.
0:50:18 > 0:50:21'Malala just wanted girls to be educated
0:50:21 > 0:50:23'and that's why they shot her.'
0:50:23 > 0:50:25I'm an educated girl.
0:50:25 > 0:50:27I'm a journalist. I travel the world.
0:50:27 > 0:50:33In your opinion, I probably maybe step outside of Islamic boundaries.
0:50:33 > 0:50:35Is what I'm doing wrong?
0:50:38 > 0:50:42As a Muslim, you should wear a burkha, according to Sharia law.
0:50:44 > 0:50:49And secondly, you shouldn't be travelling without close relatives.
0:50:49 > 0:50:54A woman has boundaries she has to keep within, as does a man.
0:51:03 > 0:51:06The Maulana does believe in education for girls,
0:51:06 > 0:51:09as long as it's Islamic education,
0:51:09 > 0:51:13and he wants to give me a book so I can learn the ways of Islam.
0:51:13 > 0:51:17He said to me, "You're educated in the ways of academics,
0:51:17 > 0:51:20"but you need to be educated in the ways of your faith."
0:51:20 > 0:51:23And I think, for him, THAT,
0:51:23 > 0:51:26being educated about this,
0:51:26 > 0:51:29is more important than any other form of education
0:51:29 > 0:51:32and that's what he does here with 5,000 kids.
0:51:34 > 0:51:37For the Maulana, the big picture isn't just about education,
0:51:37 > 0:51:38it's world domination.
0:51:41 > 0:51:44- TRANSLATION:- If the Mujahideen have the power to defeat the US
0:51:44 > 0:51:47and all the infidels, they can defeat anyone.
0:51:47 > 0:51:49And when Islamic rule is established,
0:51:49 > 0:51:51they will get strong support
0:51:51 > 0:51:54and they will conquer the whole world and nobody will defeat them.
0:51:58 > 0:52:01The Maulana and his wife were polite and welcoming,
0:52:01 > 0:52:03even though to them, I'm a Westerner.
0:52:03 > 0:52:06But what they told me is actually pretty frightening.
0:52:06 > 0:52:09It reminds me of what happened in Afghanistan.
0:52:12 > 0:52:15I did get a little bit worried and a bit scared.
0:52:15 > 0:52:18They want to see the spread of Taliban
0:52:18 > 0:52:22and Mujahideen around the whole of Pakistan and the world.
0:52:22 > 0:52:27That's worrying, because you don't have to think long and hard
0:52:27 > 0:52:30to when the Taliban were last in charge
0:52:30 > 0:52:32in my country, where I'm from,
0:52:32 > 0:52:33and what they did to it,
0:52:33 > 0:52:36and the fact that there was no education system.
0:52:45 > 0:52:48While girls here are still fighting for their education,
0:52:48 > 0:52:51the schoolgirl who focused the world's attention on Pakistan
0:52:51 > 0:52:53is making a good recovery from her injuries.
0:52:53 > 0:52:56Because of the prayers of the people,
0:52:56 > 0:52:58now I can even walk, I can even run now.
0:52:58 > 0:53:03Malala now has a new life in the UK, where she's returned to school.
0:53:03 > 0:53:04But she's still campaigning
0:53:04 > 0:53:08on behalf of her fellow schoolgirls back in Pakistan.
0:53:08 > 0:53:11I dream for all the children that they should go to school
0:53:11 > 0:53:13because it's their right. It's their basic right.
0:53:13 > 0:53:17And with the money that people have donated since the shooting,
0:53:17 > 0:53:21she's launched a fund to help other girls in Pakistan.
0:53:21 > 0:53:24In Swat Valley, in my motherland,
0:53:24 > 0:53:28we are going to educate 40 girls,
0:53:28 > 0:53:31and I invite all of you to support Malala Fund
0:53:31 > 0:53:36and let's turn the education of 40 girls into 40 million girls.
0:53:36 > 0:53:42Her brave determination has won her the admiration of people around the
0:53:42 > 0:53:45world, and this year she has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.
0:53:50 > 0:53:52What happened that day in October
0:53:52 > 0:53:56has changed her friends Kainaat and Shazia's lives completely.
0:53:56 > 0:53:58They still live in fear of the Taliban,
0:53:58 > 0:54:02but this hasn't deterred them.
0:54:02 > 0:54:06They believe in Malala's message and want to make sure it lives on.
0:54:07 > 0:54:11You guys have lived through it, thank goodness,
0:54:11 > 0:54:15what happened with Malala with the Taliban.
0:54:15 > 0:54:18The attack is over. What do you want now?
0:54:18 > 0:54:21TRANSLATION: God willing, my future plan
0:54:21 > 0:54:24is to become a doctor, study medicine,
0:54:24 > 0:54:27and we'll continue our education the same as before.
0:54:27 > 0:54:29Our determination is still strong.
0:54:29 > 0:54:31It hasn't weakened after what happened.
0:54:31 > 0:54:35- TRANSLATION:- Our fight is not against terrorism,
0:54:35 > 0:54:38it is for education.
0:54:38 > 0:54:43They say girls shouldn't get an education.
0:54:43 > 0:54:46We say girls WILL get an education.
0:54:46 > 0:54:48Because it's our right.
0:54:48 > 0:54:52If it said in Islam that we shouldn't be educated,
0:54:52 > 0:54:56then our parents would not allow us to go to school and be educated.
0:54:56 > 0:54:59Everyone should fight for it.
0:55:07 > 0:55:10I started on this journey wanting to learn more about Malala
0:55:10 > 0:55:13and what she's fighting for, but along the way,
0:55:13 > 0:55:15I've met so many other brave girls like her.
0:55:15 > 0:55:18Girls who are risking everything to go to school
0:55:18 > 0:55:20so they can make something of their lives.
0:55:24 > 0:55:25TRANSLATION: Malala was determined
0:55:25 > 0:55:27to raise her voice for girls' education,
0:55:27 > 0:55:31and now she has gone away, we, Shazia and Kainaat, will do the same.
0:55:33 > 0:55:36God willing, we will continue our studies.
0:55:36 > 0:55:38Education is our right and we will get it.
0:55:41 > 0:55:44- TRANSLATION:- Yes! Now every parent who sees Malala, says,
0:55:44 > 0:55:46"Look, Malala spoke out in tough conditions
0:55:46 > 0:55:48"and reached a respected place,"
0:55:48 > 0:55:53and they say to their children, "Go to school and be like Malala!"
0:55:57 > 0:56:01Despite the international outcry over the shooting of Malala,
0:56:01 > 0:56:03the Taliban have continued blowing up schools
0:56:03 > 0:56:05and attacking school children.
0:56:08 > 0:56:11It would be a bleak and depressing picture
0:56:11 > 0:56:14if it weren't for people like Shazia and Kainaat who are prepared to keep
0:56:14 > 0:56:18fighting for the future of girls and their education in Pakistan.
0:56:40 > 0:56:44Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd