0:00:02 > 0:00:07This programme contains some strong language and some scenes which some viewers may find upsetting.
0:00:07 > 0:00:09- We don't want- BLEEP.
0:00:10 > 0:00:13Is Britain a racist country?
0:00:16 > 0:00:19Many people were horrified by these Chelsea fans.
0:00:19 > 0:00:22But are they just saying what lots of people are thinking?
0:00:22 > 0:00:27- Oh, all- BLEEP- foreign- BLEEP.
0:00:29 > 0:00:31My name is Mona Chalabi,
0:00:31 > 0:00:34and I want to find out how racist Britain really is.
0:00:34 > 0:00:36- You ain't- BLEEP- British!- BLEEP- off!
0:00:36 > 0:00:38You ain't British, you're black!
0:00:38 > 0:00:40You're black, you ain't British.
0:00:40 > 0:00:41You're black.
0:00:41 > 0:00:43Go back to where you come from.
0:00:43 > 0:00:47- Go back to- BLEEP- Nic...Nicaragua,
0:00:47 > 0:00:49or wherever you come from.
0:00:49 > 0:00:52So, Britain is being put to the test.
0:00:52 > 0:00:55Your data suggests you have a strong preference for white individuals...
0:00:55 > 0:00:58- He looked really uncomfortable. - Yeah!
0:00:58 > 0:01:02People are going undercover to find out how widespread racism is.
0:01:06 > 0:01:10I'll be putting myself to the test to find out about my own prejudices...
0:01:10 > 0:01:13- As you can see... - Yeah! I did well.- Yes.
0:01:13 > 0:01:14..and I'll confront people
0:01:14 > 0:01:17who feel I'm not really as British as they are,
0:01:17 > 0:01:18even though I was born here.
0:01:18 > 0:01:19But I am English.
0:01:19 > 0:01:22All people have a native homeland.
0:01:22 > 0:01:24- My native homeland is here. - No, it's not.- I was born here.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32I'm a data journalist.
0:01:32 > 0:01:36I normally rely on numbers to get to the truth behind complicated stories.
0:01:36 > 0:01:38But when it comes to racism,
0:01:38 > 0:01:41I don't think numbers alone are enough.
0:01:41 > 0:01:45I need to find out what's happening first-hand for myself.
0:01:45 > 0:01:47ALL SHOUT
0:01:49 > 0:01:51When you say the word racist,
0:01:51 > 0:01:53this is what lots of people might imagine...
0:01:57 > 0:01:59People have accused the English Defence League of racism
0:01:59 > 0:02:02since they were created back in 2009.
0:02:03 > 0:02:04Is that fair?
0:02:04 > 0:02:07Do THEY think they're racists?
0:02:09 > 0:02:11I'm joining the EDL today for a demonstration -
0:02:11 > 0:02:13which is a sentence that I never thought I'd say -
0:02:13 > 0:02:16and I'm waiting to meet some of the people in the pub there
0:02:16 > 0:02:18before we kind of head off.
0:02:18 > 0:02:20THEY SHOUT AND SING
0:02:24 > 0:02:28We're coming! We're coming!
0:02:34 > 0:02:36How come your face is covered?
0:02:36 > 0:02:39Because that stigma that's attached.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41And what's the stigma?
0:02:41 > 0:02:44We get called racist, we get called far right...
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Do you think that's fair, or...?
0:02:46 > 0:02:49No, not at all. I'm half Greek Cypriot,
0:02:49 > 0:02:51so I'm not racist -
0:02:51 > 0:02:54my family are immigrants, so...not a chance.
0:02:54 > 0:02:57But a lot of people won't accept that I'm just here
0:02:57 > 0:02:59to fight radical Islam.
0:02:59 > 0:03:01The trouble is, with this country, you can't tell the truth.
0:03:01 > 0:03:06I have to cover my face because... otherwise I could lose my job.
0:03:06 > 0:03:09In a survey, almost 70% of Brits
0:03:09 > 0:03:12said they have no racial prejudices at all
0:03:12 > 0:03:15and everyone I spoke to here has said they're not racist.
0:03:17 > 0:03:19Whoa, whoa, don't film that, bruv.
0:03:19 > 0:03:24Lots of people are keen to talk, but some really don't want us here.
0:03:24 > 0:03:25What are you filming for? Don't film it!
0:03:25 > 0:03:27I said don't film it, you little prick!
0:03:27 > 0:03:29You're a BBC left-wing mug...
0:03:34 > 0:03:35ALL CHANT
0:03:35 > 0:03:40About 500 people from across Britain have come to today's demonstration.
0:03:40 > 0:03:42- THEY CHANT:- Whose streets? Our streets.
0:03:42 > 0:03:43Whose streets? Our streets.
0:03:43 > 0:03:46Free the EDL. Free the EDL.
0:03:48 > 0:03:50They say they're not racist,
0:03:50 > 0:03:54but as someone who isn't white and who comes from a Muslim family,
0:03:54 > 0:03:56I feel really uncomfortable here.
0:03:56 > 0:03:58THEY SING
0:04:00 > 0:04:04- Scum, scum!- Scum!
0:04:04 > 0:04:07Stick your Islam up your arse!
0:04:07 > 0:04:10Stick your Islam up your arse!
0:04:27 > 0:04:30- MAN:- I'd like to thank you all for turning up here, to West Midlands,
0:04:30 > 0:04:32the heart of England.
0:04:32 > 0:04:35This is our England, will stay our England,
0:04:35 > 0:04:38and while ever Midlands, Yorkshire, North East exists,
0:04:38 > 0:04:40and all the rest down south,
0:04:40 > 0:04:44England will be loud, proud and always defended
0:04:44 > 0:04:46- by the English Defence League... - CROWD CHEERS
0:04:46 > 0:04:51..to fight this problem, this virus, and this disease of Islam.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54All of them can kiss my little white arse.
0:04:54 > 0:04:55THEY CHEER
0:04:55 > 0:04:57Just after the speeches begin,
0:04:57 > 0:05:00one of the crowd singles me out and starts hassling me.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03- ..details since 2009. - ..do you know what I mean?
0:05:03 > 0:05:07That is six years of hiding the facts of what is going on.
0:05:07 > 0:05:10Things quickly get out of hand.
0:05:10 > 0:05:12- No, here I come.- Why don't you go and watch the march?
0:05:12 > 0:05:14No, here I come. Because...
0:05:14 > 0:05:16INDISTINCT
0:05:17 > 0:05:18Do you know what? Tom...
0:05:18 > 0:05:20Hey, hey...
0:05:22 > 0:05:25Up until now, it was just what people were saying
0:05:25 > 0:05:26that made me feel uncomfortable,
0:05:26 > 0:05:30but that now it's getting physical, I feel like it's time to leave.
0:05:32 > 0:05:34Oh, it's, like, as soon as you walk out of there
0:05:34 > 0:05:37you feel a little bit of tension leave your chest.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40I feel animosity - they can say what they like
0:05:40 > 0:05:43about, you know, being open-minded and stuff -
0:05:43 > 0:05:44you can feel animosity, you can feel,
0:05:44 > 0:05:47when the camera is off looking at something else,
0:05:47 > 0:05:49someone eyeing you up and down.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52I felt completely uncomfortable from start to finish.
0:05:54 > 0:05:58Some of the people at that EDL event did seem racist to me,
0:05:58 > 0:05:59but they don't see themselves that way,
0:05:59 > 0:06:02so they wouldn't show up on any survey about prejudice -
0:06:02 > 0:06:04and that's just one of the problems
0:06:04 > 0:06:07when it comes to figures on racism in Britain.
0:06:07 > 0:06:10For example, the number of us who say we aren't prejudiced
0:06:10 > 0:06:13has stayed pretty much the same over the past decade,
0:06:13 > 0:06:18but reports of hate attacks motivated by race, religion or both
0:06:18 > 0:06:21have risen dramatically against some communities.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24- Do you play music?- ..you in the fucking country, you black bastard?
0:06:24 > 0:06:25Whatever. Yeah, man.
0:06:27 > 0:06:28That's bang out.
0:06:28 > 0:06:30Sorry... What?
0:06:30 > 0:06:33So, it looks like the numbers aren't giving us a proper picture
0:06:33 > 0:06:35of what's happening on the streets.
0:06:35 > 0:06:38Is aggressive racism common in Britain?
0:06:47 > 0:06:50Three people are going undercover to find out.
0:06:51 > 0:06:53The common assumption of Muslims at the moment
0:06:53 > 0:06:55is that they're all terrorists -
0:06:55 > 0:06:57that all the men are terrorists
0:06:57 > 0:07:00and that all the wives are at home, feeding the terrorists.
0:07:02 > 0:07:06I think that Britain as a nation
0:07:06 > 0:07:11is conservative about its racial prejudice,
0:07:11 > 0:07:14in the sense it's not going to tell you to your face
0:07:14 > 0:07:15that they're racist.
0:07:15 > 0:07:18As part of my faith, I wear a kippa, or yarmulke,
0:07:18 > 0:07:20which is a head covering
0:07:20 > 0:07:22acknowledging that there is a greater presence out there,
0:07:22 > 0:07:24respect for God,
0:07:24 > 0:07:28and it obviously means that I am more identifiably Jewish.
0:07:28 > 0:07:32I might occasionally get a stare or someone holding my eye-line
0:07:32 > 0:07:34a bit longer when I'm in the street than I'm comfortable with.
0:07:40 > 0:07:43Richard, Hanna and Deji will film for a day
0:07:43 > 0:07:47with hidden cameras as they walk around minding their own business.
0:07:49 > 0:07:52They're going to places where there have been some racial tensions,
0:07:52 > 0:07:55but if the police figures are right, then it's really unlikely
0:07:55 > 0:07:59that anything will happen to any one of them in a single day,
0:07:59 > 0:08:02because while there were 39,000 hate crimes
0:08:02 > 0:08:04motivated by race or religion recorded last year,
0:08:04 > 0:08:08that was spread across a population of 64 million people.
0:08:15 > 0:08:17This is Dudley.
0:08:17 > 0:08:20About 1 in 25 people that live here are Muslim -
0:08:20 > 0:08:22just over the national average.
0:08:29 > 0:08:31Plans for a new mosque have inflamed tensions,
0:08:31 > 0:08:33and there have been reports of problems
0:08:33 > 0:08:36between the white and Muslim people in this community.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42This is where Hanna will be spending a day.
0:08:42 > 0:08:46I'm feeling nervous, I'm not sure what to expect.
0:08:54 > 0:08:56THEY CHATTER
0:09:00 > 0:09:01Hi.
0:09:01 > 0:09:04Um, is there anywhere where I could sit down and eat around here?
0:09:04 > 0:09:07Er, you've got the McDonalds at the top of the road...
0:09:07 > 0:09:09- OK.- ..and then turn right to the lights -
0:09:09 > 0:09:11- just over, and you'll see it. - OK, that's fine.
0:09:11 > 0:09:13That's the nearest thing, I think.
0:09:13 > 0:09:16- There you go, love. Sorry about your wait.- Thank you.
0:09:16 > 0:09:19- Can I have a barbecue dip, please? - Yeah.- And ketchup.
0:09:20 > 0:09:24- WOMAN:- Can I be rude and come and sit here with you?- Yeah, that's fine.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26- Thank you.- That's all right.
0:09:26 > 0:09:30- I'll be leaving soon, anyway, so it's fine.- Oh, don't worry.
0:09:36 > 0:09:38THEY CHATTER
0:09:51 > 0:09:52How was the morning?
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Well, this morning, I was quite surprised.
0:09:55 > 0:09:57I was, um...
0:09:58 > 0:10:02..expecting some sort of reaction, or a lot of stares.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04I did get quite a few stares
0:10:04 > 0:10:07compared to, you know, London, for example,
0:10:07 > 0:10:08where I wouldn't get any stares,
0:10:08 > 0:10:10so people did look at me and things like that,
0:10:10 > 0:10:12but no-one said anything.
0:10:14 > 0:10:16But according to community groups,
0:10:16 > 0:10:17it is women wearing full face veils
0:10:17 > 0:10:20that are targeted most aggressively in attacks.
0:10:22 > 0:10:25So, Hanna will spend the rest of the day wearing the niqab
0:10:25 > 0:10:27to see if it changes how she is treated.
0:10:43 > 0:10:47Within 10 or 15 minutes of walking around in the niqab,
0:10:47 > 0:10:50a car drove past with two guys in it,
0:10:50 > 0:10:53and one of them shouted something at me from the window.
0:10:53 > 0:10:54HORN HONKS
0:10:59 > 0:11:01It was very intimidating, and it was quite scary,
0:11:01 > 0:11:07because I was walking by myself and I'm not familiar with the area.
0:11:07 > 0:11:10I have no idea who they are and they don't know who I am.
0:11:11 > 0:11:15An anti-hate crime group found that 60% of attacks against Muslims
0:11:15 > 0:11:16are perpetrated against women.
0:11:18 > 0:11:2010 to 15 minutes after that incident,
0:11:20 > 0:11:22another car drove by with one guy in it.
0:11:32 > 0:11:35It was just quite scary that someone could be so fearless,
0:11:35 > 0:11:40as if nothing stops them from scaring you.
0:11:41 > 0:11:43I felt quite powerless and intimidated.
0:11:46 > 0:11:49It makes me feel quite sad.
0:11:49 > 0:11:52You know, it's not like these men were children,
0:11:52 > 0:11:55that they, you know, are just...
0:11:56 > 0:11:59..sort of young children who don't know much, they are adults,
0:11:59 > 0:12:06so the fact that they have chosen to hurl abuse at a random stranger
0:12:06 > 0:12:09just makes you feel quite hopeless.
0:12:09 > 0:12:12I mean, what...what can you do about that?
0:12:20 > 0:12:21This is Somerset.
0:12:21 > 0:12:24Only two in a thousand people that live here are black.
0:12:28 > 0:12:31We've been told by antiracism groups that there are issues here.
0:12:34 > 0:12:37This is where Deji will be spending his day.
0:12:37 > 0:12:41I'm hoping it's going to be a positive and pleasant experience,
0:12:41 > 0:12:45but you just never know, so, um...let's see what happens.
0:13:09 > 0:13:13I've been really pleased, actually, because a couple of times,
0:13:13 > 0:13:18people have seen me and said "hello", and "how are you?",
0:13:18 > 0:13:21which was great, and then I've just come from a pub, now,
0:13:21 > 0:13:23where I was standing outside,
0:13:23 > 0:13:27and the three blokes that were there offered me a seat to sit down.
0:13:27 > 0:13:30I thought I'd get a bit of sun before...
0:13:30 > 0:13:33before it's all gone for the summer, you know?
0:13:33 > 0:13:36- It's gone, mate. - It's gone, innit? Yeah.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38- This is our summer.- Yeah.
0:13:38 > 0:13:40They noticed that I'm not from around here,
0:13:40 > 0:13:42and they was just talking to me and getting me involved,
0:13:42 > 0:13:44which was nice, cos it's quite a small pub,
0:13:44 > 0:13:46and I'm always quite conscious of small pubs,
0:13:46 > 0:13:48cos they tend to be quite local,
0:13:48 > 0:13:51you know, tends to be the same people going there.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54So, the fact that they could tell I was new,
0:13:54 > 0:13:56but I wasn't made to feel uncomfortable
0:13:56 > 0:13:58in terms of those three guys -
0:13:58 > 0:13:59but what I have also noticed
0:13:59 > 0:14:02is that there is the ones who are not speaking.
0:14:02 > 0:14:03I do get the look,
0:14:03 > 0:14:06so, they're just giving me, you know, just little...
0:14:06 > 0:14:08They're staring at me, or there's a little look there.
0:14:08 > 0:14:10You know, I try and acknowledge them,
0:14:10 > 0:14:13I try and smile, and, you know, whatever,
0:14:13 > 0:14:16but, yeah, I do feel that there's a couple of looks,
0:14:16 > 0:14:19but nothing to make me feel so awkward
0:14:19 > 0:14:22that I have to leave or get out the area.
0:14:22 > 0:14:24So, I go home happy.
0:14:33 > 0:14:35This is Bradford.
0:14:36 > 0:14:41Nearly a quarter of the 500,000 people that live here are Muslims
0:14:41 > 0:14:43and just 300 Jewish people live here.
0:14:45 > 0:14:48It's been said that wars in the Middle East have created tensions
0:14:48 > 0:14:52between these two communities here in Britain, including Bradford.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58This is where Richard is going to spend his day.
0:14:58 > 0:15:02Hopefully, as we walk the streets, the people of Bradford will pay me
0:15:02 > 0:15:05as little attention as everyone else does back at home.
0:15:05 > 0:15:08My gut instinct, I suppose, being an optimist,
0:15:08 > 0:15:10is that nothing at all will happen.
0:15:10 > 0:15:13Potentially people might see I am wearing a kippa,
0:15:13 > 0:15:17might want to ask a few questions about what does that mean,
0:15:17 > 0:15:19or..."are you Jewish?"
0:15:28 > 0:15:31Within about 60 seconds of getting out of the station,
0:15:31 > 0:15:33I was walking past a small group of people
0:15:33 > 0:15:35who were having a drink outside a pub.
0:16:16 > 0:16:18'It was certainly bizarre,
0:16:18 > 0:16:20'I'm not quite sure what they meant by that.
0:16:20 > 0:16:23'But for most of the day, it was very pleasant.'
0:16:23 > 0:16:27- Excuse me, do you know where Centenary Square is?- Aye, yeah.
0:16:30 > 0:16:31If you go up from here...
0:16:36 > 0:16:37'Everybody was lovely.
0:16:37 > 0:16:40'When I looked lost, a number of people came up to me.'
0:16:40 > 0:16:44- It's straight down.- Yeah. - That's the city centre down there.
0:16:44 > 0:16:47Amazing. Thanks very much. Have a good day.
0:16:48 > 0:16:51'Unfortunately, in the last hour or so,
0:16:51 > 0:16:54'we actually took a wrong direction down a dodgy alley.'
0:16:57 > 0:16:59- Sorry.- No?
0:16:59 > 0:17:02'Two white guys saw me and said, "Oh, can I just borrow your phone?
0:17:02 > 0:17:05'"I just need to make one phone call."
0:17:05 > 0:17:07'And I politely declined
0:17:07 > 0:17:10'And as I was walking past, they shouted, "Oh, it's a Jew!"
0:17:10 > 0:17:13'It's really striking that that can be a term of insult.'
0:17:15 > 0:17:16Oi, pal!
0:17:23 > 0:17:28Then, not long after that, I was walking along a very busy main road
0:17:28 > 0:17:33and a young Asian male was driving past me.
0:17:33 > 0:17:35TOOTS HORN
0:17:37 > 0:17:41He knocked on his window and gave me the V-sign.
0:17:41 > 0:17:44Five minutes later, a similar thing happened.
0:17:44 > 0:17:47Another British Asian male was driving past
0:17:47 > 0:17:50on a different stretch of the road...
0:17:50 > 0:17:51HORN TOOTS
0:17:51 > 0:17:54..and again bangs on his window and gestured to me.
0:18:01 > 0:18:03Hello. Cheers, guys.
0:18:05 > 0:18:10That was actually quite depressing. Um...I really wanted to be right.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14I need to be careful not to draw huge generalisations
0:18:14 > 0:18:19into what was clearly one day in one city, in one particular year,
0:18:19 > 0:18:22but nevertheless, it happened, and I can't pretend it didn't.
0:18:22 > 0:18:25It's just wrong, it's just not right.
0:18:26 > 0:18:29It's just not right to behave that way.
0:18:32 > 0:18:35It looks like aggressive racism is alive and well in Britain.
0:18:35 > 0:18:38The undercover experiment reflects the increase in reports
0:18:38 > 0:18:41of religiously motivated hate crime.
0:18:41 > 0:18:44Sources suggest 50% more attacks on Jewish people across Britain
0:18:44 > 0:18:46in the first half of this year
0:18:46 > 0:18:49and 70% more against Muslims in London last year.
0:18:50 > 0:18:52The abuse that was hurled at Hanna
0:18:52 > 0:18:54would technically have been recorded as a race hate crime.
0:18:54 > 0:18:57But she says that she wouldn't have reported it.
0:18:57 > 0:19:00And I know that for me, personally, when I've received verbal abuse
0:19:00 > 0:19:02or even been punched, I didn't go to the police,
0:19:02 > 0:19:05so the official statistics probably don't capture the full extent
0:19:05 > 0:19:08of what's happening on the streets of Britain.
0:19:08 > 0:19:11But what about more subtle ways we might treat people differently
0:19:11 > 0:19:13because of their race or religion?
0:19:13 > 0:19:16Is it possible to detect them?
0:19:20 > 0:19:21Let's start with a simple test.
0:19:26 > 0:19:29Richard, Deji,
0:19:29 > 0:19:31Hanna...
0:19:31 > 0:19:34and Hanna in a niqab will hand out a dozen doughnuts to the public
0:19:34 > 0:19:36as quickly as possible.
0:19:36 > 0:19:40This test clearly is not scientific, but will people on the street
0:19:40 > 0:19:43be less likely to take food from any of them?
0:19:43 > 0:19:44Free doughnut?
0:19:44 > 0:19:48It's always good to diversify your career opportunities,
0:19:48 > 0:19:52so, going into a bit of sales work, it's going to be fun.
0:19:52 > 0:19:55Being honest with you, I'm not really feeling this flag.
0:19:55 > 0:19:58It's affecting my whole swagger, I'm losing all street credibility.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00I think I will get quite a bit of attention
0:20:00 > 0:20:04just because I'm someone who's wearing a scarf
0:20:04 > 0:20:06with a few doughnuts.
0:20:07 > 0:20:12I'm quite nervous about speaking to people with a niqab on.
0:20:12 > 0:20:14- Free doughnut?- You're all right.
0:20:14 > 0:20:16Hi. Free doughnut?
0:20:17 > 0:20:18You're welcome.
0:20:18 > 0:20:21Free doughnuts? They're free.
0:20:21 > 0:20:23Free doughnuts?
0:20:26 > 0:20:28- Hi, free doughnut?- Why not? Cheers.
0:20:29 > 0:20:32- No, that's yours. - Enjoy, have a lovely day.
0:20:32 > 0:20:34Free doughnut?
0:20:36 > 0:20:38Some people won't even look at me.
0:20:38 > 0:20:41Yeah, no worries.
0:20:41 > 0:20:43- Thank you.- You're welcome.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46- Help yourself.- Thank you. - You're welcome.
0:20:48 > 0:20:52- All gone!- Oh, never mind. Good luck.- Thank you.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56- Free doughnut?- Thank you.
0:20:56 > 0:20:59- Thank you kindly.- Yeah, brilliant.
0:21:11 > 0:21:13- Free doughnut? - Oh, my days! Thank you.
0:21:13 > 0:21:15Enjoy. Sorry, it's my last one.
0:21:15 > 0:21:19- Is it?- You'll have to share it. - Thank you.- Have a good day.
0:21:20 > 0:21:22- Free doughnut?- You're kidding!
0:21:22 > 0:21:26- No, thanks. - She just told me I'm kidding.
0:21:26 > 0:21:28I don't know what that's supposed to mean.
0:21:28 > 0:21:29- Is that free?- Free doughnuts, yeah.
0:21:32 > 0:21:33You're welcome.
0:21:37 > 0:21:39I think someone just walked past
0:21:39 > 0:21:43and muttered "scum" under their breath towards me...
0:21:45 > 0:21:47..which is quite shocking
0:21:47 > 0:21:50that someone would disrespect a stranger like that.
0:21:54 > 0:21:56So far, it's been Hanna and Richard
0:21:56 > 0:21:59that have run into problems in the tests.
0:21:59 > 0:22:02But Deji has also faced racism on Britain's streets.
0:22:04 > 0:22:08Had eggs chucked from a moving vehicle, just missing me,
0:22:08 > 0:22:10the odd monkey chant,
0:22:10 > 0:22:14I had people say, "Fuck off, go back to your own country",
0:22:14 > 0:22:16you know, "Fucking get out of here!"
0:22:16 > 0:22:18That's not nice.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21Imagine - I've grown up in England all my life,
0:22:21 > 0:22:23so when you are being told to fuck off back to your own country
0:22:23 > 0:22:27I'm like, "Where do you want me to go? This is my country."
0:22:27 > 0:22:31Prejudice against black people is still a serious issue across Britain.
0:22:36 > 0:22:38Fresh English strawberries, two for £2.
0:22:38 > 0:22:43This is Ossett, a traditional market town that's 98% white.
0:22:45 > 0:22:48Martha-Renee faced abuse when she opened her cafe here.
0:22:49 > 0:22:53It's been four years going to five now since I started the cafe.
0:22:53 > 0:22:57It's been really tough, but I keep coming here
0:22:57 > 0:22:59because that's what I like to do.
0:23:02 > 0:23:05It means so much to me. I am very passionate about it.
0:23:08 > 0:23:12Ossett is a beautiful place, we've got some nice people here
0:23:12 > 0:23:14who've been really kind to me.
0:23:14 > 0:23:16Since I came here, there have been some
0:23:16 > 0:23:18who've been really horrible as well, you know -
0:23:18 > 0:23:22it's both ends of the spectrum is how it's been.
0:23:22 > 0:23:26They've called me "black bitch", they've called me F-ing Paki,
0:23:26 > 0:23:29F-ing Nigger, they've called me those names.
0:23:29 > 0:23:32As well as the name-calling, Martha was troubled by
0:23:32 > 0:23:34what she believes was unspoken prejudice.
0:23:36 > 0:23:40People say the food is good, then why are they not coming in?
0:23:40 > 0:23:45I mean, why would someone come and put their face to the window,
0:23:45 > 0:23:47like that, to stare at us?
0:23:49 > 0:23:52Or maybe they would come in, "Can I have a medium breakfast?"
0:23:52 > 0:23:55I'd cook the breakfast and maybe they'd eat everything on the plate
0:23:55 > 0:23:58and leave a slice of toast. "I can't pay for this, it was too greasy."
0:23:58 > 0:24:01What do you say to people like that?
0:24:01 > 0:24:03What do you say?
0:24:03 > 0:24:07I mean, I leave home and I am so excited.
0:24:09 > 0:24:12I would come and cook and do everything.
0:24:12 > 0:24:14I mean, you see how clean this place is.
0:24:14 > 0:24:17I would clean it over and over,
0:24:17 > 0:24:20but people say that place is terrible, we can't go there.
0:24:20 > 0:24:23Martha decided to deal with the situation
0:24:23 > 0:24:25by putting up a sign at her cafe.
0:24:28 > 0:24:31It says, "Attention, everyone be aware,
0:24:31 > 0:24:35"I am a black woman and always will be.
0:24:35 > 0:24:39"If you are allergic to black people, don't come in,
0:24:39 > 0:24:43"but if you prefer quality, wholesome meals
0:24:43 > 0:24:45"in a pleasant and clean environment,
0:24:45 > 0:24:49"come in. I don't bite, Thanks. Martha-Renee."
0:24:51 > 0:24:55I put this sign up because we came to work one morning,
0:24:55 > 0:24:59my daughter and I, and two white women walked in,
0:24:59 > 0:25:03they looked at my daughter, up and down, staring at her,
0:25:03 > 0:25:06turned around and said, "We are in the wrong place."
0:25:06 > 0:25:08If they were in the wrong place, they'd have said,
0:25:08 > 0:25:10"Oh, sorry, love, we are looking for another shop."
0:25:10 > 0:25:13Their mannerisms spoke it all.
0:25:13 > 0:25:17And they walked out. It really upset my daughter and myself,
0:25:17 > 0:25:19so I put the sign up.
0:25:19 > 0:25:20That way, when they see the sign,
0:25:20 > 0:25:24if they don't like black people, they won't come in.
0:25:24 > 0:25:25It's impossible to prove
0:25:25 > 0:25:29whether Martha was treated differently because of her race.
0:25:35 > 0:25:39The problem is unspoken racism is hard to verify.
0:25:41 > 0:25:44Can a test help identify unconscious prejudice?
0:25:47 > 0:25:50Richard, Hanna and Deji will trigger ten shop alarms
0:25:50 > 0:25:54to see whether any one of them gets their bag searched more often.
0:26:05 > 0:26:07BLEEPING
0:26:10 > 0:26:13I don't feel under suspicion in the sense that someone's thinking,
0:26:13 > 0:26:15this boy might nick something.
0:26:18 > 0:26:21I think because I'm coded as white, as many Jews are,
0:26:21 > 0:26:24I'm probably treated with any implicit assumptions
0:26:24 > 0:26:25that that might bring.
0:26:25 > 0:26:28BLEEPING
0:26:39 > 0:26:41BLEEPING
0:26:46 > 0:26:48BLEEPING
0:26:48 > 0:26:50- You haven't bought anything?- No.
0:26:51 > 0:26:54- You haven't bought anything?- No.
0:26:54 > 0:26:57I didn't feel under suspicion, I didn't feel they were doubting
0:26:57 > 0:27:00anything of my actions or anything I said.
0:27:00 > 0:27:02BLEEPING
0:27:02 > 0:27:05- Have you bought something?- No.
0:27:05 > 0:27:07People have been quite nice about it,
0:27:07 > 0:27:10they'll obviously stop me and check my bag,
0:27:10 > 0:27:12but they'll have a quick glance in my bag
0:27:12 > 0:27:14and then it's fine and let me off.
0:27:14 > 0:27:16- Can you come with me?- Yeah, sure.
0:27:19 > 0:27:21- You bought something inside?- No.
0:27:21 > 0:27:24- Can you cross the door for me, please?- Yeah.
0:27:24 > 0:27:26BLEEPING
0:27:26 > 0:27:28Can I look inside the bag, please?
0:27:28 > 0:27:30BLEEPING
0:27:30 > 0:27:32- Have you shopped with us? - No, I didn't.
0:27:32 > 0:27:34- That's fine, no worries.- OK.
0:27:34 > 0:27:35Thank you.
0:27:44 > 0:27:49I'm going to be stopped quite a few times. That one, I'm pretty sure.
0:27:49 > 0:27:52BLEEPING
0:27:52 > 0:27:54This way, mate.
0:27:57 > 0:28:01- Open your rucksack.- Open my bag? - Yeah.
0:28:01 > 0:28:03- It's not a problem.- Please. - Yeah, it's all right.
0:28:06 > 0:28:07BLEEPING
0:28:09 > 0:28:13BLEEPING
0:28:14 > 0:28:16What's that?
0:28:16 > 0:28:19Are you part of the security, are you? All right.
0:28:19 > 0:28:21Do you want to open your bag up for me and I'll just, um...
0:28:24 > 0:28:26It's never a nice feeling,
0:28:26 > 0:28:30no-one likes to feel that they might be perceived as someone suspicious.
0:28:30 > 0:28:32- Have you bought anything?- No.
0:28:32 > 0:28:35- Do you mind if I just try your bag? Is that all right?- Yeah, sure, mate.
0:28:35 > 0:28:38SECURITY SCANNERS BEEP
0:28:42 > 0:28:43Let's say I'm in the shop,
0:28:43 > 0:28:47then you might see the security do a little manoeuvre, you know?
0:28:47 > 0:28:49They do a manoeuvre, which is,
0:28:49 > 0:28:54they are... They tend to stand at the edge of the aisle
0:28:54 > 0:28:56of where you are
0:28:56 > 0:28:58and they kind of do a little glance here and there,
0:28:58 > 0:29:00do you know what I mean? I notice that.
0:29:00 > 0:29:03When it comes to crime, it's often black people
0:29:03 > 0:29:06that are viewed with the most suspicion.
0:29:06 > 0:29:10In some areas, you're 17 times more likely to be stopped and searched
0:29:10 > 0:29:11if you're black.
0:29:11 > 0:29:13Compared to white people,
0:29:13 > 0:29:17black people get longer prison sentences on average,
0:29:17 > 0:29:20and are nearly twice as likely to be charged if caught with drugs.
0:29:22 > 0:29:25No-one said anything even remotely racist to Deji,
0:29:25 > 0:29:28so it's impossible to know for sure
0:29:28 > 0:29:31that his bag was searched more often just because he's black.
0:29:33 > 0:29:35But there is a test that looks at
0:29:35 > 0:29:38whether we subconsciously view black people differently.
0:29:45 > 0:29:49I'm going to ask some people in this pub to sit the test.
0:29:49 > 0:29:50Hello! Hi.
0:29:50 > 0:29:52Would you be willing to do a test
0:29:52 > 0:29:55but without knowing anything at all about what the test consists of?
0:29:55 > 0:29:58- Yeah, sure.- Yeah? OK.- OK.
0:29:58 > 0:30:02- Hello. Is it all right if I sit here? - Of course. Sit down.- All right.
0:30:02 > 0:30:04I'll just set it up for you guys.
0:30:04 > 0:30:07- The trick is to be as fast as you can.- OK.- Yeah?
0:30:09 > 0:30:10All right.
0:30:11 > 0:30:14'People are shown a quick succession of faces and words.
0:30:16 > 0:30:19'They have to quickly classify each face as black or white,
0:30:19 > 0:30:22'and each word as good or bad.'
0:30:27 > 0:30:29This is ridiculous.
0:30:29 > 0:30:31HE LAUGHS
0:30:31 > 0:30:34'The test detects whether people unconsciously associate
0:30:34 > 0:30:37'a particular race with good or bad words.'
0:30:39 > 0:30:41All right. You're done! You can breathe.
0:30:41 > 0:30:43SHE EXHALES
0:30:43 > 0:30:46So, your data suggests a strong automatic preference
0:30:46 > 0:30:49for white people compared to black people.
0:30:49 > 0:30:51How do you feel about that?
0:30:51 > 0:30:53Um...not great, no.
0:30:53 > 0:30:57I wouldn't have said that's the way I view people or...
0:30:57 > 0:31:03I'd like to think that I have the same preference for both.
0:31:05 > 0:31:11You have a slight bias towards individuals who are white.
0:31:11 > 0:31:14- Right.- Does that surprise you at all?
0:31:14 > 0:31:16Yeah, a little bit.
0:31:16 > 0:31:19It doesn't make me feel good,
0:31:19 > 0:31:24cos it's not nice to discover you have that natural instinct.
0:31:24 > 0:31:26I wouldn't say that I am racist at all.
0:31:26 > 0:31:29I wouldn't think that I would treat someone differently
0:31:29 > 0:31:32just because of their race. Like, I wouldn't instinctively do that,
0:31:32 > 0:31:35but then I suppose the test results show differently,
0:31:35 > 0:31:37so it's difficult to say.
0:31:37 > 0:31:42You have no automatic preference between black individuals
0:31:42 > 0:31:44and white individuals, according to the test.
0:31:44 > 0:31:46You're happy with the result?
0:31:46 > 0:31:48- Yeah.- Why are you happy with it?
0:31:48 > 0:31:51Cos I don't think I'm a racist person and that proves it.
0:31:51 > 0:31:54So, it says that your data suggests
0:31:54 > 0:31:57a slight preference towards black people compared to white people.
0:31:57 > 0:32:00- Mm-hm.- Does that surprise you at all?
0:32:01 > 0:32:03I don't know.
0:32:03 > 0:32:08I don't think I really do have a bias, if you know what I mean.
0:32:08 > 0:32:10Right, back to me now.
0:32:10 > 0:32:12Thank you very much.
0:32:12 > 0:32:15So, it says that your data suggests you have a strong preference
0:32:15 > 0:32:18for white individuals over black individuals...
0:32:18 > 0:32:20HE LAUGHS NERVOUSLY
0:32:20 > 0:32:22Right. A str...?
0:32:22 > 0:32:24A strong automatic preference
0:32:24 > 0:32:26for white individuals over black individuals.
0:32:26 > 0:32:28How do you feel about the results?
0:32:28 > 0:32:31I don't think it's changed my opinion about myself much.
0:32:31 > 0:32:35- You know what? He looked really uncomfortable.- Yeah.
0:32:35 > 0:32:37'This isn't a test to find racists.
0:32:37 > 0:32:41'It's just about discovering the hidden prejudices
0:32:41 > 0:32:43'we don't even know that we have.'
0:32:43 > 0:32:47So, altogether, about 3,000 British people have sat this test,
0:32:47 > 0:32:49and 80% of those who weren't black
0:32:49 > 0:32:51showed some preference towards white people.
0:32:51 > 0:32:54So, does that mean there's something within many of us
0:32:54 > 0:32:56that makes us view black people differently?
0:32:57 > 0:33:00I'm going to put myself through some tests
0:33:00 > 0:33:03to find out more about my own unconscious prejudices.
0:33:09 > 0:33:12Today, I've come to have my brain scanned by a scientist
0:33:12 > 0:33:16who is pioneering research into our hidden attitudes on race.
0:33:24 > 0:33:27- Hello.- Mona, hi.- Hi, Manos. Nice to meet you.- Nice to meet you too.
0:33:27 > 0:33:30Welcome to the MRI Unit of Royal Holloway.
0:33:30 > 0:33:32We're going to be doing a short experiment,
0:33:32 > 0:33:33trying to see how your brain responds
0:33:33 > 0:33:36to faces of people who belong to different races.
0:33:36 > 0:33:38Can I ask which races I am going to be shown?
0:33:38 > 0:33:41You're going to be seeing white and black faces.
0:33:41 > 0:33:43No...anything else?
0:33:43 > 0:33:46- No Arab, no Asian faces?- No. No, just white and black.- OK.
0:33:46 > 0:33:48How are you feeling?
0:33:48 > 0:33:50A little bit nervous.
0:33:50 > 0:33:53I've never had someone scan my brain before.
0:33:53 > 0:33:55This is going to be interesting for me.
0:34:06 > 0:34:08Hi, Mona. How are you?
0:34:08 > 0:34:09OK, thanks.
0:34:09 > 0:34:12OK. We're going to start the experiment.
0:34:12 > 0:34:14OK.
0:34:15 > 0:34:18So, Mona is going to be looking at different faces
0:34:18 > 0:34:21appearing on the screen for 1.5 seconds.
0:34:21 > 0:34:26What we are interested in is her brain response in two key areas -
0:34:26 > 0:34:28one is an area that codes fear,
0:34:28 > 0:34:30it shows a fear response,
0:34:30 > 0:34:33and the second area is the one that tries to control
0:34:33 > 0:34:35an automatic fear response,
0:34:35 > 0:34:37and we hope that we will be able to find some differences
0:34:37 > 0:34:41when she's looking at black faces versus white faces.
0:34:41 > 0:34:45The scanner measures the blood flowing through my brain
0:34:45 > 0:34:48to reveal which areas are most active.
0:34:48 > 0:34:51Hi, Mona, it's all done and it's time to come out.
0:34:51 > 0:34:53Ali will come to pick you up.
0:34:53 > 0:34:54OK.
0:35:02 > 0:35:05So, let me take you through the results.
0:35:05 > 0:35:09Now, first of all, is there any area in your brain that was more active
0:35:09 > 0:35:12when you were looking at white faces?
0:35:13 > 0:35:15And the answer is no.
0:35:15 > 0:35:17So, now the question is,
0:35:17 > 0:35:20what happens to your brain when you look at black faces
0:35:20 > 0:35:22compared to white faces?
0:35:22 > 0:35:25As you can see, there were three key areas that were more active.
0:35:25 > 0:35:29The first is the brain area that we know is involved in fear response.
0:35:29 > 0:35:33The second brain area is involved in controlling automatic responses,
0:35:33 > 0:35:35such as a fear response.
0:35:35 > 0:35:37And finally, the brain area that we know
0:35:37 > 0:35:39is involved in resolving conflicts
0:35:39 > 0:35:42between different potential responses.
0:35:42 > 0:35:43So, what does this mean, then?
0:35:43 > 0:35:46Does this mean that I am just afraid of black people?
0:35:46 > 0:35:48This is a learned response to associate, for example,
0:35:48 > 0:35:51black individuals with fear.
0:35:51 > 0:35:53And even if we are not explicitly racist,
0:35:53 > 0:35:56we have to be aware of the fact that we are all born and raised
0:35:56 > 0:36:00in societies that may encourage different stereotypes.
0:36:00 > 0:36:02But, at the same time,
0:36:02 > 0:36:04you find this very positive activation
0:36:04 > 0:36:08in parts of the brain that try to regulate this automatic response,
0:36:08 > 0:36:11and this is quite important because, at the end of the day,
0:36:11 > 0:36:12this is what we want.
0:36:12 > 0:36:14We want to try and go beyond
0:36:14 > 0:36:17what we have learned and we want to try and control our behaviour
0:36:17 > 0:36:20so that we don't behave in a racist way.
0:36:20 > 0:36:23So, do you think if Britain was a less racist society,
0:36:23 > 0:36:25my brain would look different?
0:36:25 > 0:36:27- Is that what you are saying?- Yes.
0:36:27 > 0:36:30I feel really disappointed.
0:36:31 > 0:36:33I'm...I'm disappointed that
0:36:33 > 0:36:35all of the stuff that society has fed me,
0:36:35 > 0:36:38all of this negative stuff, has affected my brain.
0:36:38 > 0:36:43I don't think I was born with an aversion to black people
0:36:43 > 0:36:46and I don't think that I have developed that fear
0:36:46 > 0:36:48through my own personal experiences,
0:36:48 > 0:36:50because I don't think I have had
0:36:50 > 0:36:53any more negative personal experiences of black people
0:36:53 > 0:36:55that I have of any other race,
0:36:55 > 0:36:59and the thing that's even quite frightening is, I'm not even...
0:36:59 > 0:37:03I still see, obviously, you know, stereotypes being bandied around
0:37:03 > 0:37:06but I'm not aware of the way that they are constantly affecting me.
0:37:06 > 0:37:08If anything, I'm thinking, "That's not true,
0:37:08 > 0:37:12"that's not true, that's not true," and yet it's somewhere in my brain.
0:37:12 > 0:37:17But I think it's just quite sad how crude it is, in a way.
0:37:17 > 0:37:20Like, it's just the part of your brain saying, "Be scared."
0:37:20 > 0:37:23It's just so unbelievably basic.
0:37:23 > 0:37:26RAP MUSIC PLAYS
0:37:26 > 0:37:28You don't have to look hard to find
0:37:28 > 0:37:32examples of negative stereotyping of black people.
0:37:32 > 0:37:35Close to seven in ten stories in the news
0:37:35 > 0:37:38about young black men relate to crime....
0:37:40 > 0:37:43..while music videos and movies show black men as violent criminals
0:37:43 > 0:37:45to be feared.
0:37:48 > 0:37:50Islamist extremists here and abroad
0:37:50 > 0:37:54have driven some to have a sense of hostility towards all Muslims.
0:37:56 > 0:37:59And events in the Middle East are sometimes claimed to be
0:37:59 > 0:38:02behind the rise in attacks on Jewish people here.
0:38:17 > 0:38:19But there are white people who believe
0:38:19 > 0:38:22they are suffering in multicultural Britain.
0:38:25 > 0:38:29A Government survey in 2007 found that around one in four white people
0:38:29 > 0:38:32felt they'd be treated worse than other races
0:38:32 > 0:38:34by council housing departments,
0:38:34 > 0:38:38and that same survey found that around one in 14 white people
0:38:38 > 0:38:41felt they had been discriminated against
0:38:41 > 0:38:44when trying to get a promotion, because of their race.
0:38:45 > 0:38:47This sense of injustice that some feel
0:38:47 > 0:38:51has coincided with the creation of small new political parties.
0:38:51 > 0:38:54Unfortunately, I think there is racism in Britain,
0:38:54 > 0:38:55and that comes from the top,
0:38:55 > 0:38:57from the Government, the politicians.
0:38:57 > 0:38:59They hate the white working class, and we know this
0:38:59 > 0:39:02because they are destroying our communities,
0:39:02 > 0:39:03absolutely obliterating them.
0:39:03 > 0:39:06Jack is a publicity officer for the political party Liberty GB,
0:39:06 > 0:39:10who argue that multiculturalism is damaging Britain.
0:39:10 > 0:39:13Every nation should be culturist.
0:39:13 > 0:39:17It should allow the national culture to, essentially, be supreme.
0:39:17 > 0:39:22I think it's important for nations to maintain a population
0:39:22 > 0:39:25which is majority indigenous.
0:39:25 > 0:39:27A lot of people are going to have to be deported.
0:39:27 > 0:39:30Anyone that's come here should have their citizenship scrutinised.
0:39:30 > 0:39:33Anyone who actually isn't offering anything serious,
0:39:33 > 0:39:35what's the point in keeping them here?
0:39:35 > 0:39:38George, have you...? Is it done? OK.
0:39:41 > 0:39:42Why isn't this...?
0:39:45 > 0:39:47We are filming some videos for the party.
0:39:47 > 0:39:50It's something we do pretty regularly.
0:39:50 > 0:39:52It's basically just to keep the members updated,
0:39:52 > 0:39:54and hopefully some of it goes viral,
0:39:54 > 0:39:57so it's basically just an internet outreach.
0:40:05 > 0:40:07Islam is probably, right now,
0:40:07 > 0:40:10the primary problem with multiculturalism.
0:40:10 > 0:40:12It's fascist, it's authoritarian.
0:40:12 > 0:40:14I'm not saying don't believe in Allah,
0:40:14 > 0:40:16don't believe you're a Muslim.
0:40:16 > 0:40:19What I am saying is, don't bring the female genital mutilation,
0:40:19 > 0:40:21don't bring the fascist ideas.
0:40:24 > 0:40:26Nigel Farage, this is for you.
0:40:26 > 0:40:28You told us that multiculturalism has failed
0:40:28 > 0:40:31and then your party went out of its way
0:40:31 > 0:40:33to appease multiculturalists.
0:40:33 > 0:40:36Pandering to the vote of the bleeding-heart liberals
0:40:36 > 0:40:37is just going to fail.
0:40:37 > 0:40:40Your party even had some kind of ridiculous stunt,
0:40:40 > 0:40:42where you embraced people
0:40:42 > 0:40:45of a huge range of different backgrounds on stage.
0:40:45 > 0:40:47Multiculturalism and Islam have torn our country apart
0:40:47 > 0:40:50and created community tensions and ghettoes.
0:40:50 > 0:40:53Jack fears that proposed changes in the law
0:40:53 > 0:40:56could mean he'll end up in prison for speaking out.
0:40:56 > 0:40:58I think more people need to just come out
0:40:58 > 0:41:01and accept the consequences, accept that they might lose their job,
0:41:01 > 0:41:04accept that they might go to prison, or whatever.
0:41:04 > 0:41:06You've got to talk about these things and stop it.
0:41:06 > 0:41:09It's like dissenting in Communist Russia - it had to be done.
0:41:09 > 0:41:11I'm really proud to be British.
0:41:11 > 0:41:14We essentially founded Western liberal democracy
0:41:14 > 0:41:15in many respects,
0:41:15 > 0:41:18and now we are just losing all of it.
0:41:21 > 0:41:22Yep.
0:41:22 > 0:41:24"Racism", "Islamophobia",
0:41:24 > 0:41:26all these terms,
0:41:26 > 0:41:27they mean nothing.
0:41:27 > 0:41:29It is just a way of shutting people down
0:41:29 > 0:41:31and stopping the discussion,
0:41:31 > 0:41:33but I think me and a hell of a lot of other people
0:41:33 > 0:41:36have gotten to the point where if you're going to call me racist,
0:41:36 > 0:41:37whatever - I don't care.
0:41:37 > 0:41:39I know I'm not a racist. I know I'm a culturist.
0:41:39 > 0:41:42Although Jack denies it,
0:41:42 > 0:41:46his disdain for multiculturalism feels racist to me.
0:41:46 > 0:41:49But then we're from very different places.
0:41:49 > 0:41:53I grew up in east London, one of the most diverse areas in Britain.
0:41:53 > 0:41:55I've asked Jack to meet me here
0:41:55 > 0:41:58to try and get a better understanding of his views.
0:41:58 > 0:42:00- Hi.- Hello. Hi, Jack. Nice to meet you.
0:42:00 > 0:42:02Ow, that really hurt!
0:42:02 > 0:42:04That was like a proper, strong handshake.
0:42:04 > 0:42:06Anyway...
0:42:06 > 0:42:10- So, we are here in Queen's Market, which is in Upton Park...- Yeah.
0:42:10 > 0:42:13..which actually isn't too far away from where I grew up,
0:42:13 > 0:42:15so I have been to this market a fair few times.
0:42:15 > 0:42:18- Have you ever been here before? - No. No, I haven't.
0:42:18 > 0:42:19Do you know this area at all?
0:42:19 > 0:42:22- Not at all.- OK. So, what are your first impressions of here?
0:42:22 > 0:42:25- It's a completely different world. - Really?- Yeah.
0:42:25 > 0:42:28A completely different world to what, to the world that you know?
0:42:28 > 0:42:29To England.
0:42:29 > 0:42:32No, no. This is definitely England. We're in England right now.
0:42:32 > 0:42:34Arguably. It doesn't seem like it.
0:42:34 > 0:42:36Why doesn't it seem like England?
0:42:36 > 0:42:38I see very few English people.
0:42:38 > 0:42:40The whole place has just been transformed.
0:42:40 > 0:42:44So when you say that you look around and see very few English people,
0:42:44 > 0:42:46how do you know that you might see someone like me
0:42:46 > 0:42:48and you might not necessarily identify me as English
0:42:48 > 0:42:50but I am English?
0:42:50 > 0:42:53- Oh, course, by nationality, yeah. - But I was born here.- Yes.
0:42:53 > 0:42:56- I'm as English as you are. - Yes, but think about it.
0:42:56 > 0:43:01- All people have a native homeland. - My native homeland is here.
0:43:01 > 0:43:05- No, it's not.- Native means natality, it means where you were born, right?
0:43:05 > 0:43:09No, my native homeland, my historic homeland, is Western Europe.
0:43:09 > 0:43:12I'm not saying you're any less British, that's not what I'm saying,
0:43:12 > 0:43:15but what I am saying is you're not an indigenous British person.
0:43:15 > 0:43:18'It feels like Jack believes my race
0:43:18 > 0:43:20'means I don't belong here as much as him,
0:43:20 > 0:43:23'but I feel every bit as British as he does.'
0:43:23 > 0:43:27I have British values. My parents emigrated to this country
0:43:27 > 0:43:29- and they have British values. - Yes.- Right?
0:43:29 > 0:43:31So what you want is Western European ideals, but you're saying
0:43:31 > 0:43:34I'm not Western European even though I am assimilated.
0:43:34 > 0:43:36Not ethnically, no, culturally...
0:43:36 > 0:43:37So why do you care about my ethnicity?
0:43:37 > 0:43:41- Why does it mean that me and you are different?- No, because when...
0:43:41 > 0:43:44There are two fundamental ways of describing someone who is British.
0:43:44 > 0:43:47For instance, you're either a Western European ethnically,
0:43:47 > 0:43:48or you're a Western European
0:43:48 > 0:43:50in that you have a passport and you subscribe to the ideals.
0:43:50 > 0:43:54- I'm not just living in Britain, I was born here, this is my country.- Yeah.
0:43:54 > 0:43:55We're getting past the facts here.
0:43:55 > 0:43:58You're saying, "Oh, it's horrible for you to point out a fact
0:43:58 > 0:44:01- "that I'm not ethnically..." - I'm not saying it's horrible.
0:44:01 > 0:44:04- Well, why not?- I'm saying it's irrelevant and every time you do it,
0:44:04 > 0:44:05it undermines my identity.
0:44:05 > 0:44:07- You're saying... - Well, that's YOUR problem.
0:44:07 > 0:44:09That's not MY problem.
0:44:09 > 0:44:12Fundamentally, you have different experiences to me.
0:44:12 > 0:44:13I have different experiences to you.
0:44:13 > 0:44:17Some people assimilate, but a significant majority do not.
0:44:17 > 0:44:20Yeah, lots of Londoners were brought up in this multicultural scenario
0:44:20 > 0:44:22and many of them are brainwashed into saying,
0:44:22 > 0:44:23"It's brilliant, it's brilliant."
0:44:23 > 0:44:25I'm sorry, the world isn't perfect, it's not.
0:44:25 > 0:44:28We try and make it perfect as possible with our Western ideals
0:44:28 > 0:44:30and our freedom and our liberty.
0:44:30 > 0:44:33I can hear how angry you are, how frustrated you are.
0:44:33 > 0:44:35- It's very visible.- What can we do
0:44:35 > 0:44:37when we're constantly bombarded as being racist and evil.
0:44:37 > 0:44:40I'm sorry, I don't hate people because of their race.
0:44:40 > 0:44:42I look at a real and serious threat and I want to tackle it.
0:44:42 > 0:44:44So it's been an interesting day with Jack.
0:44:44 > 0:44:47On the one hand, actually, I really do understand why someone
0:44:47 > 0:44:49who comes from a majority white part of Britain
0:44:49 > 0:44:51would arrive here and almost have a bit of a culture shock here,
0:44:51 > 0:44:55to feel really, really out of place, so I can empathise with that.
0:44:55 > 0:44:58When it comes to his political views,
0:44:58 > 0:45:01I really, really do actually think that he probably doesn't think
0:45:01 > 0:45:03he's a racist and I think he thinks all of his views
0:45:03 > 0:45:06are just about culture and immigration,
0:45:06 > 0:45:10but when it comes down to it, his insistence, his constant refusal
0:45:10 > 0:45:12to acknowledge my Western European culture,
0:45:12 > 0:45:14felt pretty racist to me.
0:45:14 > 0:45:16He was more interested in the fact that I'm not white
0:45:16 > 0:45:18than the fact that I was born here
0:45:18 > 0:45:20and that to me is incredibly offensive.
0:45:25 > 0:45:28All the people I've met on this journey, whatever their colour
0:45:28 > 0:45:30or religion, have felt that racism is an issue in the UK.
0:45:32 > 0:45:35But does it affect every aspect of our lives?
0:45:48 > 0:45:51I'm here to find out whether race matters to these people
0:45:51 > 0:45:52when they're picking a date.
0:45:54 > 0:45:56You can't wait to see these pictures.
0:45:56 > 0:45:59You're like, "I want to see these women." Right, we'll start off
0:45:59 > 0:46:02with this woman. Is this someone who you find attractive?
0:46:02 > 0:46:04- No.- No.
0:46:04 > 0:46:05- This one?- No.- No.
0:46:05 > 0:46:07Picky. You're picky.
0:46:07 > 0:46:10- What about this one? - Oh, he's all right.
0:46:10 > 0:46:11Yeah, he's got a nice beard.
0:46:11 > 0:46:13- What do you think about him?- Um...
0:46:13 > 0:46:15No, I don't think so.
0:46:15 > 0:46:17No, not for you?
0:46:17 > 0:46:19- Him?- No.- No.
0:46:19 > 0:46:22- What do you think about her? - Yes, she's good.
0:46:22 > 0:46:24You would, wouldn't you?
0:46:24 > 0:46:25THEY LAUGH
0:46:25 > 0:46:29Maybe. Maybe, like, one or two dates.
0:46:29 > 0:46:33- No.- No.- Yeah.- OK, so would you say there is any sort of pattern
0:46:33 > 0:46:36in the sort of women that you going for there?
0:46:36 > 0:46:40Yeah, particular interest towards white women, mixed race women.
0:46:40 > 0:46:43There were women from different ethnicities that I found attractive.
0:46:43 > 0:46:49but I'm thinking about who my friends are, what things I do.
0:46:49 > 0:46:52Cos I'm from Nigeria and I'm very connected to that culture,
0:46:52 > 0:46:55so I'm thinking, "Is there compatibility there?"
0:46:58 > 0:47:01He's good-looking, but I don't think I'd go there, no.
0:47:01 > 0:47:06For me, I've never really thought about dating anybody who's black.
0:47:06 > 0:47:08It's never come across my mind and I...
0:47:08 > 0:47:10- Even though you are attracted to him? - Yeah.
0:47:10 > 0:47:12You said you thought he was attractive.
0:47:12 > 0:47:13Yeah, he's attractive.
0:47:13 > 0:47:15I'll always appreciate someone who's attractive,
0:47:15 > 0:47:17but being in a big Indian family, you have to think about
0:47:17 > 0:47:20your wider extension and the network of the family as well.
0:47:20 > 0:47:22I wouldn't want to bring someone home
0:47:22 > 0:47:24that I know my parents would have an issue with.
0:47:25 > 0:47:30Probably not. I think culturally and religiously we'd clash.
0:47:30 > 0:47:33I'm not really religious, I'm not practising.
0:47:33 > 0:47:36If somebody was, like, "Oh, I'm quite a strong Muslim,"
0:47:36 > 0:47:38their family might not want me in their family.
0:47:38 > 0:47:41- I just really don't find him attractive at all.- All right, OK.
0:47:41 > 0:47:44- What about him?- Yeah.- Yeah.
0:47:44 > 0:47:45No.
0:47:45 > 0:47:50I don't see how I could ever be accepted into that community.
0:47:50 > 0:47:53Yeah, but it's like a half-hearted yeah.
0:47:53 > 0:47:57- Why is it a half-hearted yeah? - It's just cos, like, naturally...
0:47:57 > 0:48:00cos she's Indian, like, subconsciously, you answer yeah.
0:48:00 > 0:48:04- So subconsciously you're always attracted to Indian women?- Yeah.
0:48:04 > 0:48:07I think, like, regardless of what background you're from,
0:48:07 > 0:48:10you're always going to be attracted to the same race, religion, culture.
0:48:12 > 0:48:15I've actually never dated a black guy, but he is really good-looking.
0:48:15 > 0:48:17Would it be fair to say that your type tends to be more white
0:48:17 > 0:48:20even though you're open-minded about dating people of other races?
0:48:20 > 0:48:23Well, yeah, probably, cos that's been my experience,
0:48:23 > 0:48:27because my circle of friends doesn't include many black people.
0:48:27 > 0:48:31I just... I don't come into contact and I think that being...
0:48:31 > 0:48:37Like, attraction comes from a place that is, you know,
0:48:37 > 0:48:40what you're used to coming into contact with.
0:48:41 > 0:48:43Love isn't blind when it comes to race.
0:48:43 > 0:48:46I looked at the behaviour of 25 million users
0:48:46 > 0:48:49of an online dating site and it was very clear that race matters.
0:48:49 > 0:48:51See, white men do really well.
0:48:51 > 0:48:54By that I mean they're more likely to get responses to their messages
0:48:54 > 0:48:55than black or Asian men.
0:48:55 > 0:48:57And white women do really well too.
0:48:57 > 0:49:00And out of all of the groups that I looked at, black women
0:49:00 > 0:49:02were the least likely to get a response to one of their messages.
0:49:07 > 0:49:11Race clearly plays a big part in the way we view each other,
0:49:11 > 0:49:13but are my prejudices fixed for life?
0:49:16 > 0:49:19I've come back to see Professor Manos Tsakiris.
0:49:19 > 0:49:22He's got an amazing idea which he says can change the way I think.
0:49:25 > 0:49:28- Hello. Hi, Manos, how are you? - I'm good, how are you?
0:49:28 > 0:49:31- Nice to see you again.- Thanks for coming.- Thanks for having me.
0:49:31 > 0:49:34- So we're going to do an experiment that has three parts.- Yep.
0:49:34 > 0:49:36The first part you're going to do
0:49:36 > 0:49:38- is known as the implicit association test.- Mm-hm.
0:49:38 > 0:49:42After that we're going to do a task which we call self-association.
0:49:42 > 0:49:44Basically, what it involves
0:49:44 > 0:49:47- is you imagining that you're a different person.- I'm going to be
0:49:47 > 0:49:49- a black woman, aren't I?- You're going to be a black woman, yes.- OK.
0:49:49 > 0:49:52After that, we're going to give you one more time the IAT.
0:49:52 > 0:49:55Again, we're going to measure your implicit attitudes
0:49:55 > 0:49:57towards black and white people.
0:49:57 > 0:50:01OK, white face - Z key, black face - M key.
0:50:01 > 0:50:06'Now it's my turn to have my unconscious prejudices examined.'
0:50:06 > 0:50:08Good, bad.
0:50:08 > 0:50:12All right, I'm done with that bit, Manos, what's next?
0:50:12 > 0:50:15Excellent. So we can move to the next task.
0:50:16 > 0:50:19'So this is the part where I've got to imagine I'm a black woman.
0:50:19 > 0:50:22'Manos is going to use a range of techniques to get me
0:50:22 > 0:50:24'to make this leap.
0:50:28 > 0:50:31'In this bizarre set-up, my real hand, which I can't see,
0:50:31 > 0:50:35'is being stroked at exactly the same time as the black rubber hand
0:50:35 > 0:50:37in front of me, to trick my brain into thinking
0:50:37 > 0:50:40'that the black rubber hand is mine.'
0:50:40 > 0:50:42So how does it feel?
0:50:43 > 0:50:45Hmm. Ticklish.
0:50:45 > 0:50:48'As odd as this seems, it's actually working.'
0:50:49 > 0:50:53It felt like it was my own hand. Yeah.
0:50:53 > 0:50:56'Another technique involves me imagining that I'm a black woman
0:50:56 > 0:50:58'pictured on the computer.'
0:50:58 > 0:51:02So I am the black woman,
0:51:02 > 0:51:04the stranger is the white woman.
0:51:05 > 0:51:07'Before the experiment continues,
0:51:07 > 0:51:10'Manos has to check that I really am imagining I'm a black woman.
0:51:12 > 0:51:16- Er...- Yay, I did well!- Yes, so your accuracy was very high
0:51:16 > 0:51:19for the self-associated phase.
0:51:19 > 0:51:23So your performance shows you're good at imagining
0:51:23 > 0:51:25that you're this new black person.
0:51:25 > 0:51:28OK, now let's have a look at the IAT.
0:51:30 > 0:51:33'Manos is testing whether my negative associations
0:51:33 > 0:51:35'about black people have changed.
0:51:35 > 0:51:39'I'm sceptical that my deep-rooted beliefs can be shifted so easily.'
0:51:39 > 0:51:43- Finished.- Excellent, so shall we have a look at the results?
0:51:43 > 0:51:44- Yes, please.- OK.
0:51:44 > 0:51:46'Did the face association work?'
0:51:46 > 0:51:48So this is going to be your score
0:51:48 > 0:51:51before you did the self-association task.
0:51:51 > 0:51:55What you can see here is a very small preference
0:51:55 > 0:51:57of white people over black.
0:51:57 > 0:52:01Now the important thing is how this value changes
0:52:01 > 0:52:03after you've done the self-association task,
0:52:03 > 0:52:06after you've imagined you are this new black woman.
0:52:06 > 0:52:09And what you find here is that basically
0:52:09 > 0:52:13this eliminates the preference of white over black people.
0:52:13 > 0:52:17So I'm pleased by the fact that this experiment somehow changed me
0:52:17 > 0:52:19and lessened my racial biases
0:52:19 > 0:52:21but now I'm like, "How long can I keep this up for?"
0:52:21 > 0:52:23Does this mean that for the rest of my life
0:52:23 > 0:52:25I'm not going to express any kind of preference
0:52:25 > 0:52:27of white people over black people?
0:52:27 > 0:52:30Um, I don't think that's right.
0:52:30 > 0:52:32What about if I do the test every day?
0:52:32 > 0:52:35If you do it every day, maybe. The answer is that we don't know.
0:52:35 > 0:52:37Of course, it's a very important question,
0:52:37 > 0:52:41but bear in mind already it is a surprising finding,
0:52:41 > 0:52:44that you can so quickly associate yourself with new things.
0:52:44 > 0:52:48In that case you've imagined being a black woman
0:52:48 > 0:52:53and your brain very fast takes this new information into account,
0:52:53 > 0:52:57and you process this information in a very special way.
0:52:57 > 0:53:00It was really, really interesting. Thank you.
0:53:00 > 0:53:03It's been a privilege to be able to take the test.
0:53:03 > 0:53:05I'm slightly relieved that my starting point
0:53:05 > 0:53:07wasn't that I was a massive racist,
0:53:07 > 0:53:10in terms of having really, really strong associations.
0:53:10 > 0:53:13So it was quite nice that I had a slight preference
0:53:13 > 0:53:16towards white people - slight is better than a lot, I guess.
0:53:16 > 0:53:20And then I was really, really relieved that the experiment
0:53:20 > 0:53:23managed to sort of erase what those associations are.
0:53:23 > 0:53:26That's good news, I guess, but the fact he wasn't able to answer
0:53:26 > 0:53:28how long that's going to stick around for is sort of worrying.
0:53:28 > 0:53:31Am I just going to wake up tomorrow morning
0:53:31 > 0:53:34and be back to slightly preferring white people over black people?
0:53:34 > 0:53:37That's not exactly a happy result for me, you know.
0:53:38 > 0:53:42'It's amazing that our prejudices, learnt over a lifetime,
0:53:42 > 0:53:44'can be shifted so quickly.
0:53:44 > 0:53:47'But for the moment, this is only being done in the lab.
0:53:47 > 0:53:49'It's not being used in the real world.'
0:53:53 > 0:53:55Is Britain racist?
0:53:55 > 0:53:58The language has changed but the sentiment hasn't.
0:53:58 > 0:54:00Rather than someone coming up to you
0:54:00 > 0:54:03and saying a negative word or a racist remark,
0:54:03 > 0:54:05I think it's more underlying.
0:54:05 > 0:54:09When you say your local area's changed,
0:54:09 > 0:54:14it doesn't feel English any more, it doesn't feel British any more,
0:54:14 > 0:54:16where does that come from?
0:54:16 > 0:54:20I think they come from something inside -
0:54:20 > 0:54:22a prejudice that people might have.
0:54:25 > 0:54:30Being Jewish in Britain is generally a really positive thing.
0:54:30 > 0:54:33I find that people, by and large, aren't afraid to go to synagogue
0:54:33 > 0:54:36on a Saturday, they aren't afraid to wear emblems
0:54:36 > 0:54:40that might mark them out as being visibly Jewish.
0:54:40 > 0:54:44On the other hand, when you go into our schools, our synagogues,
0:54:44 > 0:54:47and our cultural centres, you'll see that there's security,
0:54:47 > 0:54:49that there's barbed wire.
0:54:49 > 0:54:52And whilst I think the future for the British Jewish community
0:54:52 > 0:54:57is a positive one and a strong one, I'm still nervous
0:54:57 > 0:55:00because we've seen that the number of attacks are rising.
0:55:03 > 0:55:07I genuinely believe British values are of tolerance, diversity
0:55:07 > 0:55:10respecting everyone, but, in practice,
0:55:10 > 0:55:12I don't think that's always the case.
0:55:12 > 0:55:16I would love to be able to walk anywhere in my home country
0:55:16 > 0:55:20and not think about how my mere existence will offend someone.
0:55:20 > 0:55:23It's really upsetting when I can't do that.
0:55:23 > 0:55:27Life's getting harder...to be a Muslim in Britain.
0:55:32 > 0:55:35When I started out on this journey, I thought maybe the statistics
0:55:35 > 0:55:37don't quite capture the full extent of racism in Britain,
0:55:37 > 0:55:39and seeing the experiences of Richard, Deji and Hanna,
0:55:39 > 0:55:41I think that's probably true.
0:55:41 > 0:55:43Numbers don't show just how often individuals get targeted,
0:55:43 > 0:55:46and they don't reflect the emotional impact of racism either.
0:55:46 > 0:55:49But it's not just about outspoken racism,
0:55:49 > 0:55:51it's about subconscious prejudices too,
0:55:51 > 0:55:54and I include myself in that because my test results showed that
0:55:54 > 0:55:56I was capable of holding racist attitudes
0:55:56 > 0:55:58even though I'd never deliberately be racist against anyone.
0:55:58 > 0:56:02See, society has shaped our brains in racist ways
0:56:02 > 0:56:04whether we realise it or not, but if we can acknowledge that,
0:56:04 > 0:56:08then we can change it and that's a reason to be hopeful.