0:00:03 > 0:00:06In Britain, more than five million people are now in low-paid work.
0:00:06 > 0:00:10I am left with ?12.76 every single week.
0:00:10 > 0:00:12Some weeks, I'm just really struggling.
0:00:12 > 0:00:14I have to borrow, in fact, off people.
0:00:14 > 0:00:18Whether we're unskilled workers, graduates, or aged 50 or over,
0:00:18 > 0:00:21many of us could have a future in low pay.
0:00:21 > 0:00:25Everybody is vulnerable. Work is the new poor.
0:00:25 > 0:00:29With zero-hour contracts, automation, and global competition,
0:00:29 > 0:00:32employees need to be more adaptable than ever before.
0:00:32 > 0:00:35There's losers in any transition period.
0:00:35 > 0:00:37The question is - what do you do to make sure that
0:00:37 > 0:00:40some of the losers don't fall through the cracks?
0:00:40 > 0:00:44So, how tough are these jobs, and can anyone do them?
0:00:44 > 0:00:4720 people, all proud of their work ethic...
0:00:47 > 0:00:49I am a grafter. I've always been a grafter.
0:00:49 > 0:00:52I don't ever believe anything is above me or below me.
0:00:52 > 0:00:55Money, it doesn't just come to you. You've got to go out and get it.
0:00:55 > 0:00:58..are taking part in a unique experiment.
0:00:58 > 0:01:00I'm your factory manager for the next ten days.
0:01:00 > 0:01:02They're putting themselves to the test,
0:01:02 > 0:01:05trying out a range of low-paid jobs in real British workplaces...
0:01:05 > 0:01:07So, that's what we're trying to achieve.
0:01:07 > 0:01:09Better crack on then, hadn't we?
0:01:09 > 0:01:11SCALE BEEPS I thought this was going to be easy.
0:01:11 > 0:01:13..and in a specially-constructed factory.
0:01:13 > 0:01:14Whoa!
0:01:14 > 0:01:17I'll get there. I knew it would be a slow start, but I'll get there.
0:01:17 > 0:01:20Facing an uncertain future in the job market...
0:01:20 > 0:01:24I want to prove to myself how hard a worker I can be.
0:01:24 > 0:01:27I'm taking part to show that there are hardworking people out there.
0:01:27 > 0:01:30..they'll discover what skills you need to survive
0:01:30 > 0:01:32in today's low-paid jobs.
0:01:32 > 0:01:33I don't understand.
0:01:33 > 0:01:36No! Sorry, it's squirting everywhere.
0:01:36 > 0:01:39And just like in the real jobs market, it's competitive...
0:01:39 > 0:01:41Jesus!
0:01:41 > 0:01:44..with the least-productive worker being laid off after every shift...
0:01:44 > 0:01:46The shift is finished. HORN BLOWS
0:01:46 > 0:01:49..until we're left with the most adaptable
0:01:49 > 0:01:51and most resilient worker of all. THEY CHEER
0:01:55 > 0:01:58Last time, the workers were put to the test...
0:01:58 > 0:02:01Man, I hope you can clean. SHE LAUGHS
0:02:01 > 0:02:04..in one of the largest employers of low-wage workers...
0:02:07 > 0:02:08Housekeeping.
0:02:08 > 0:02:10..the hospitality industry.
0:02:10 > 0:02:12This one is a mess.
0:02:12 > 0:02:14Pigs are probably cleaner than this.
0:02:14 > 0:02:15Oh, my God!
0:02:15 > 0:02:19Next, they recycled rubbish in our purpose-built factory...
0:02:19 > 0:02:21This smells revolting.
0:02:21 > 0:02:23You don't realise that these are actually human beings
0:02:23 > 0:02:26that are doing jobs like this.
0:02:26 > 0:02:29In these two jobs often done by migrant workers...
0:02:29 > 0:02:32Nobody wants to clean, nobody wants to do it.
0:02:32 > 0:02:35..agency chef Stephanie found it hard to bite her tongue...
0:02:35 > 0:02:38Can we change this bed? We've got to get on.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40..and long-term unemployed Pam
0:02:40 > 0:02:43struggled with the strict supervision.
0:02:43 > 0:02:44What are you doing wrong?
0:02:44 > 0:02:48When the scores were tallied, it was driving instructor Violeta...
0:02:48 > 0:02:50Cos I want to be the best.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52..and painter and decorator Martin...
0:02:52 > 0:02:53I need a new bin!
0:02:53 > 0:02:56..who came closest to hitting industry standards.
0:02:56 > 0:02:58HORN BLOWS
0:02:58 > 0:03:02And the four workers who failed to measure up were let go.
0:03:02 > 0:03:05I was a gnat's knacker away from going home.
0:03:05 > 0:03:08At the end of the day, if you've got to go, you've got to go.
0:03:16 > 0:03:19This week, our volunteers will be working in the food industry -
0:03:19 > 0:03:23a sector in which almost a quarter of all jobs are casualised
0:03:23 > 0:03:26and workers' hours go up or down depending on demand.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29So, what you choose to have for dinner one day can determine
0:03:29 > 0:03:32whether someone else has a job the next.
0:03:37 > 0:03:40It's the end of the second day of the experiment
0:03:40 > 0:03:43and 16 workers remain.
0:03:43 > 0:03:47They've just finished a tough shift recycling rubbish.
0:03:47 > 0:03:50Right now, I am shattered.
0:03:50 > 0:03:55Like many of the people on Britain's 1.5 million casual contracts,
0:03:55 > 0:03:59they're waiting to find out what job's in store for them tomorrow...
0:03:59 > 0:04:02PHONE CHIMES
0:04:02 > 0:04:03..by text.
0:04:03 > 0:04:04This is it now.
0:04:05 > 0:04:08In areas like agriculture, hospitality and retail,
0:04:08 > 0:04:11many jobs are handed out daily,
0:04:11 > 0:04:13often on a first-come, first-served basis.
0:04:13 > 0:04:16"In many industries,
0:04:16 > 0:04:19"casual workers get to work by being first in the queue."
0:04:19 > 0:04:21"Tomorrow, I only need 15 workers.
0:04:21 > 0:04:27"I will take the first 15 in the queue at a meeting point at 7.30am."
0:04:27 > 0:04:29Mike - the factory manager.
0:04:30 > 0:04:35Somebody will be going home first thing tomorrow.
0:04:35 > 0:04:38And that somebody is going to be the person that gets there last.
0:04:40 > 0:04:43I don't agree with it. A lot of it's actually quite medieval.
0:04:43 > 0:04:45You queue up and someone would come out
0:04:45 > 0:04:48and point a finger at you and say, "You, you, you and you. Let's go!"
0:04:48 > 0:04:51While some workers are used to this practice...
0:04:57 > 0:04:59..for others, it's a wake-up call.
0:04:59 > 0:05:02What a hard way to do things,
0:05:02 > 0:05:05and for the people that make that effort on, like,
0:05:05 > 0:05:07a daily and weekly basis to get work.
0:05:07 > 0:05:09I'm not going to sleep. I am so not going to sleep.
0:05:11 > 0:05:17We live in a world where employment is becoming increasingly casualised.
0:05:17 > 0:05:19The worker carries all of the risk
0:05:19 > 0:05:23and the business gets the opportunity to minimise costs
0:05:23 > 0:05:25when they have changes in supply and demand.
0:05:27 > 0:05:31Doncaster to...Sheffield railway station...
0:05:31 > 0:05:35The workers are all staying within 25 miles of the meeting point,
0:05:35 > 0:05:37so they've got to work out how to get there -
0:05:37 > 0:05:41at their own expense - before 7.30am.
0:05:41 > 0:05:44My brain's not going yet and I don't want to get it wrong.
0:05:44 > 0:05:46I can't imagine anyone arriving there at 6.00.
0:05:46 > 0:05:48It'd be ludicrous, really.
0:05:48 > 0:05:49But they might.
0:05:52 > 0:05:54Trains don't leave till 6.00 in the morning.
0:05:54 > 0:05:57I can't guarantee it'll get me there before everybody else.
0:05:57 > 0:05:59Not only that, the trains would be expensive.
0:05:59 > 0:06:01If I didn't get there in time,
0:06:01 > 0:06:04I've paid out for a train fare and have nothing to show for it.
0:06:04 > 0:06:07Determined to be first in line at all cost,
0:06:07 > 0:06:09Stewart's decided to walk...
0:06:10 > 0:06:12..18 miles.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19At home in Belfast, the fish and chip shop Stewart runs
0:06:19 > 0:06:23with his wife is on the rocks, and it's not for want of hard work.
0:06:23 > 0:06:26We leave the house at seven o'clock in the morning.
0:06:26 > 0:06:29We open our doors at 11 o'clock. It's strenuous.
0:06:29 > 0:06:31The spuds have to be peeled. They have to be chipped.
0:06:31 > 0:06:34The fish has to be boned. Pans have to be lit.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37The fat has to be changed. It's just solid.
0:06:37 > 0:06:39This is what we call our patio.
0:06:40 > 0:06:43We spend more time on it than we do our own patio.
0:06:43 > 0:06:46HE LAUGHS
0:06:46 > 0:06:49Since the recession, around a million businesses have gone under
0:06:49 > 0:06:52and for Stewart, the same prospect is looming.
0:06:53 > 0:06:55If I lose the business, I'll lose my home.
0:06:55 > 0:06:59But however, I will work and I don't care.
0:06:59 > 0:07:02If it means going out and brushing the streets, I will go and do it.
0:07:02 > 0:07:06At 47 years old, Stewart faces a future in minimum wage work
0:07:06 > 0:07:09and he's determined to prove he's got what it takes.
0:07:09 > 0:07:12I won't be beaten. Will not be beaten.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15I don't give up. I've never given up on anything in my life,
0:07:15 > 0:07:16and I won't start now.
0:07:18 > 0:07:21Well, it's taken me approximately five and a half hours.
0:07:22 > 0:07:24He's walked through the night,
0:07:24 > 0:07:27but Stewart's still not first in the queue.
0:07:28 > 0:07:31Yous two look extremely well rested.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34It's 6.00am and Pam and Majka have beaten him to it.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37How did yous get here?
0:07:37 > 0:07:39HE GASPS
0:07:45 > 0:07:48While some of the workers are well prepared,
0:07:48 > 0:07:51Stephanie's map-reading skills don't seem to be working out.
0:07:53 > 0:07:58Oh, sugar. I've walked all that way for nothing.
0:07:58 > 0:08:02PA SYSTEM: 'Welcome to the express service to Manchester Airport.'
0:08:04 > 0:08:07I don't know how far away that is from the job.
0:08:07 > 0:08:10I've got to work it out or it's going to make me potentially late.
0:08:13 > 0:08:14Morning.
0:08:14 > 0:08:16Oh, is that the queue?
0:08:18 > 0:08:20I might even be the first.
0:08:20 > 0:08:24Oh, BLEEP! Oh, BLEEP!
0:08:24 > 0:08:29One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, 11!
0:08:29 > 0:08:30I can make it!
0:08:31 > 0:08:34There are only three places left in the line
0:08:34 > 0:08:36and four people still to arrive.
0:08:36 > 0:08:38The last of them won't have a job.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41Can you get the 25A from up here? Bus stop is just there?
0:08:46 > 0:08:49Oh, my God, what's east? Which is east?
0:08:49 > 0:08:5246-year-old local, Jen, is self-employed.
0:08:54 > 0:08:56There's no signs.
0:08:56 > 0:08:59She's run her own cafe for the past five years,
0:08:59 > 0:09:02but is yet to turn a profit.
0:09:02 > 0:09:06I do feel that, if I work hard, at some point, I will be rewarded,
0:09:06 > 0:09:08I will feel the benefit.
0:09:08 > 0:09:10It's just waiting for that moment.
0:09:10 > 0:09:13It's waiting for that time when it will come back to me.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16A tea, please. Yeah.
0:09:16 > 0:09:18Straight along this road. The main road? Yeah.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21And then you'll see the Iceland sign,
0:09:21 > 0:09:23and it's that left there. Thank you.
0:09:23 > 0:09:25This morning, the alarm didn't go off,
0:09:25 > 0:09:29so I'm probably looking a little bit not with it.
0:09:32 > 0:09:34Factory manager Mike is on his way
0:09:34 > 0:09:38and he's only got jobs for the first 15 workers.
0:09:38 > 0:09:40Hiring on a first-come, first-served basis
0:09:40 > 0:09:43is not something I've been involved with.
0:09:43 > 0:09:46But it does really reflect the challenges
0:09:46 > 0:09:48in the low-pay sector in the UK today.
0:09:50 > 0:09:53It's 7.30am and everyone's at the meeting point.
0:09:55 > 0:09:57There's a limited number of jobs,
0:09:57 > 0:10:00and despite arriving 20 minutes before the deadline,
0:10:00 > 0:10:02Jen is the last in the queue.
0:10:02 > 0:10:06We're going to have to let you go. Yeah.
0:10:06 > 0:10:08That's the tough world of work we're living in. Thank you.
0:10:10 > 0:10:12It's hard. It's hard.
0:10:12 > 0:10:14It's the way of the world, isn't it, at the minute?
0:10:14 > 0:10:16It's the way of the world.
0:10:16 > 0:10:19Which is unfair, but then, we live in an unfair world, so...
0:10:20 > 0:10:23It's crap. It's crap.
0:10:25 > 0:10:28The world of casual work, you know, it's really, really demanding.
0:10:28 > 0:10:31It might suit the employer to recruit this way -
0:10:31 > 0:10:34they save money and they may get the keenest worker,
0:10:34 > 0:10:37but the human cost can be quite high.
0:10:37 > 0:10:41Some of the lowest paid workers in our economy are having to gamble
0:10:41 > 0:10:45their own money travelling to jobs they may not get.
0:10:45 > 0:10:47If people have to go through that on a daily basis,
0:10:47 > 0:10:51I think it must be so, so demoralising.
0:10:51 > 0:10:55It's an awful way not to be able to earn a day's pay. It's horrible.
0:10:58 > 0:11:02So, what's driving this trend towards casualising the workforce,
0:11:02 > 0:11:03and who's benefitting?
0:11:05 > 0:11:07I've come to see Chris Giles,
0:11:07 > 0:11:09Economics Editor at the Financial Times.
0:11:11 > 0:11:15Why do we have this increased casualised workforce?
0:11:15 > 0:11:18We've had a move towards wanting more flexible labour force
0:11:18 > 0:11:20over very many years.
0:11:20 > 0:11:23So, there's lots of jobs, lots of sectors where
0:11:23 > 0:11:26you want to contract people not necessarily all the time,
0:11:26 > 0:11:28but only when there's demand.
0:11:28 > 0:11:32And lots of people don't want a nine-to-five, 40 hours a week job,
0:11:32 > 0:11:35but actually want to have more flexibility themselves.
0:11:35 > 0:11:37But for the people who are on these contracts, there's nothing.
0:11:37 > 0:11:39It's just, "Yeah, come when we need you."
0:11:39 > 0:11:42Is that a growing trend? Are we going to see more of that?
0:11:42 > 0:11:45There is a force to make companies more efficient the whole time,
0:11:45 > 0:11:47so people are looking for ways of cutting costs,
0:11:47 > 0:11:51and that's a force to see more casualisation of the labour market.
0:11:51 > 0:11:53And we've particularly seen it over the last seven years
0:11:53 > 0:11:55because we've had an economic crisis,
0:11:55 > 0:11:58and so people have been desperate for whatever work they can get.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01But I would have thought, now we've got unemployment down
0:12:01 > 0:12:05to roughly 5%, we are going to see a period where, actually,
0:12:05 > 0:12:08the power balance shifts a little bit.
0:12:08 > 0:12:10So, it isn't always with the employer
0:12:10 > 0:12:13and will move a little bit to the employee.
0:12:13 > 0:12:17Do we, as consumers, benefit from this casualisation of the workforce?
0:12:17 > 0:12:21If casualisation of the workforce makes companies more efficient and
0:12:21 > 0:12:24productive, prices are lower than they otherwise would be,
0:12:24 > 0:12:25and we are beneficiaries of that.
0:12:27 > 0:12:31The workers have had an early start, but rest is a long way off
0:12:31 > 0:12:33as they have a testing day ahead of them.
0:12:33 > 0:12:36We're off to Lincolnshire, to a farm,
0:12:36 > 0:12:40and we've got a 36-acre field of broccoli waiting to be cut.
0:12:40 > 0:12:42THEY LAUGH
0:12:42 > 0:12:45It's going to be really tough work, but the key point today is
0:12:45 > 0:12:48the harder you work, the more you can earn.
0:12:48 > 0:12:49So, good luck.
0:12:52 > 0:12:55Agriculture employs nearly half a million people
0:12:55 > 0:12:59and last year contributed ?11 billion to the economy.
0:13:01 > 0:13:05But with the increasing power of big supermarket chains pushing
0:13:05 > 0:13:09down prices, profits are tight and the need for cheap labour is high.
0:13:13 > 0:13:15The workers are coming here
0:13:15 > 0:13:17to one of Britain's biggest broccoli farms.
0:13:21 > 0:13:25This hi-tech production line relies on gangs of casual labourers
0:13:25 > 0:13:28and it's back-breaking, repetitive work.
0:13:30 > 0:13:33Our workers are about to do a three-hour shift
0:13:33 > 0:13:36picking and packing broccoli that will end up on our tables.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38This is minimum wage work,
0:13:38 > 0:13:41but if they pick more than their target, they earn a bonus.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44If they pick less, however, as casual workers,
0:13:44 > 0:13:45they could be out of a job.
0:13:45 > 0:13:48This is about survival of the fittest.
0:13:51 > 0:13:53I'm incredibly nervous.
0:13:53 > 0:13:55My main worry is letting the team down.
0:13:55 > 0:13:56That's the main worry.
0:13:58 > 0:14:01While Pam may lack faith in her ability,
0:14:01 > 0:14:03that's not the case with Stewart.
0:14:04 > 0:14:07As you know, I have not had a lot of sleep,
0:14:07 > 0:14:11and I've walked quite a distance. However, I will not let yous down.
0:14:11 > 0:14:15Today, we work and we work damn hard at any cost.
0:14:15 > 0:14:17We will work till we drop.
0:14:17 > 0:14:21OK, OK, OK, you are the leader! Yes, you are the leader. Thank you.
0:14:21 > 0:14:24I understood. Yes, I understood. You are a man.
0:14:24 > 0:14:27You have to be the leader. Understood. OK.
0:14:31 > 0:14:35See, I can't see any broccoli. Is that it in the ground? Yeah.
0:14:35 > 0:14:38There, there. This one's a good one. This one right here.
0:14:38 > 0:14:40Oh, yeah. I can see it now!
0:14:40 > 0:14:43I've no idea what broccoli looks like growing in a field.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46I've ate it for Sunday dinner, that's about it.
0:14:46 > 0:14:50The novice pickers have been divided into three teams -
0:14:50 > 0:14:53red, purple and blue.
0:14:58 > 0:15:00The field of broccoli they'll be working in
0:15:00 > 0:15:04has a retail value of over ?87,000 -
0:15:04 > 0:15:08provided it's harvested to exacting industry standards -
0:15:08 > 0:15:13and farm manager Andy Blair is here to make sure it is.
0:15:13 > 0:15:18What we're going to do is select a head that is ready for cutting,
0:15:18 > 0:15:21making sure we've got a nice, square cut on the bottom of the broccoli.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24All these leaves need to come off. OK?
0:15:24 > 0:15:26You're going to nick all those off.
0:15:26 > 0:15:30On to the machine. Then the packer will take it off and pack it.
0:15:30 > 0:15:35Minimum size is the length of the blade. 10cm.
0:15:35 > 0:15:39Maximum is approximately that big.
0:15:39 > 0:15:43The next person to touch this broccoli will be a customer,
0:15:43 > 0:15:45so it has to be perfect.
0:15:45 > 0:15:49If you notice, we've got a specific format
0:15:49 > 0:15:51of one up, one down,
0:15:51 > 0:15:53one up, one down, one up, one down. OK?
0:15:53 > 0:15:55That's what we're trying to achieve.
0:15:55 > 0:15:58What would you say is the average speed?
0:15:58 > 0:16:01We've had teams out this morning that have cut 700 boxes
0:16:01 > 0:16:02and gone home at ten o'clock.
0:16:02 > 0:16:04Better crack on then, hadn't we?
0:16:06 > 0:16:10The workers are expected to pick at least 50 approved boxes an hour -
0:16:10 > 0:16:13the standard rate for new teams.
0:16:13 > 0:16:14You two are packing.
0:16:14 > 0:16:17You're initially weighing and you're initially packing.
0:16:17 > 0:16:19Picking at this rate will cover
0:16:19 > 0:16:21the farm's costs of paying them minimum wage.
0:16:21 > 0:16:24Once they hit that target, a piece rate kicks in and
0:16:24 > 0:16:30they'll earn an extra 67p per box, divided between the team.
0:16:30 > 0:16:33With a new team, it always takes a little bit of time.
0:16:33 > 0:16:36We would hope that a team would come in to a crop like this
0:16:36 > 0:16:39and be able to virtually meet minimum wage
0:16:39 > 0:16:41or just a little bit over, really.
0:16:41 > 0:16:44And then on days two, three and four,
0:16:44 > 0:16:49we'd expect a team to be ?10-an-hour and up to ?12-an-hour.
0:16:49 > 0:16:53This job is a test of the workers' physical fitness and accuracy.
0:16:54 > 0:16:57Just remember, you're going to do quality.
0:16:57 > 0:17:01Each team is made up of five workers and has its own tractor rig
0:17:01 > 0:17:03with three people cutting on the ground...
0:17:03 > 0:17:06You spread out. You go to the corner. Yeah.
0:17:06 > 0:17:08..and two packers on the trailers.
0:17:08 > 0:17:10Can someone shove me up, please?
0:17:10 > 0:17:14One, two, three. Go on, girl!
0:17:15 > 0:17:17We're starting. We're starting.
0:17:17 > 0:17:19Whoo!
0:17:31 > 0:17:34Three of Andy's most experienced workers will be on hand
0:17:34 > 0:17:38to make sure not a single stem of bad broccoli gets by.
0:17:39 > 0:17:40Forward!
0:17:40 > 0:17:42In the field, the cutters set the pace,
0:17:42 > 0:17:47moving the tractor forward as they look for more broccoli to harvest.
0:17:47 > 0:17:49Keep going. Faster! Faster!
0:17:49 > 0:17:52Speed is vital, but so is precision,
0:17:52 > 0:17:57as each head of broccoli must be exactly 15cm tall
0:17:57 > 0:17:59and at least 10cm wide.
0:17:59 > 0:18:00Like that, look.
0:18:02 > 0:18:04You're cutting them too small. Got to be a minimum of ten.
0:18:06 > 0:18:1222-year-old labourer Berwyn works on a sheep farm in the Welsh hills.
0:18:12 > 0:18:15Yeah, I'm in my element. It's nice to be out in the field.
0:18:15 > 0:18:19But will his experience put him at an advantage?
0:18:19 > 0:18:21To be honest, it looks easy,
0:18:21 > 0:18:24but it's not. No, there's a lot of skill to it.
0:18:30 > 0:18:33In 2004, eight new countries joined the European Union
0:18:33 > 0:18:37and Britain experienced an influx of migrant labour.
0:18:37 > 0:18:40Now Eastern Europeans make up more than half
0:18:40 > 0:18:43of all seasonal agricultural workers.
0:18:43 > 0:18:45Forward! Forward, please!
0:18:45 > 0:18:47One of those was painter and decorator Martin,
0:18:47 > 0:18:50who first arrived from Bulgaria five years ago.
0:19:02 > 0:19:04With all the press around migrants,
0:19:04 > 0:19:08Martin is determined to use this experiment to prove his worth.
0:19:27 > 0:19:30On the trailer, the packers must fill,
0:19:30 > 0:19:32weigh and check the boxes,
0:19:32 > 0:19:36and although it's physically less gruelling, this is no easy ride.
0:19:36 > 0:19:42You've got one, two, three...five boxes to weigh. I can count.
0:19:42 > 0:19:46On the red team, Pam is having trouble with her scales.
0:19:46 > 0:19:49Why is it not zeroing?
0:19:49 > 0:19:53I've been trying to zero the scales and they're not...
0:19:54 > 0:19:57Right, we're done. And they've not been... No!
0:19:57 > 0:19:59Is it the movement, then?
0:19:59 > 0:20:04Each box must weigh between 8.2 and 8.6 kilos.
0:20:04 > 0:20:07Any more and the farm will be giving its broccoli away.
0:20:07 > 0:20:09Any less and the buyers will reject them.
0:20:09 > 0:20:13I'm frantic because it sounded really easy,
0:20:13 > 0:20:16same as all the tasks, but it's actually not.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20As a stay-at-home mum,
0:20:20 > 0:20:2344-year-old Pam has few qualifications,
0:20:23 > 0:20:27and she's been out of the job market for over 20 years.
0:20:27 > 0:20:29My CV is completely blank.
0:20:29 > 0:20:32In fact, for me to even try and get an interview is an absolute
0:20:32 > 0:20:35nightmare because they take one look at your CV and it's in the bin.
0:20:35 > 0:20:37You don't even stand a chance getting an interview.
0:20:39 > 0:20:42I don't have a dream job. I just want a job.
0:20:42 > 0:20:45Health problems put Pam in a wheelchair
0:20:45 > 0:20:47and her weight grew to 23st,
0:20:47 > 0:20:51but she was determined to get back into work.
0:20:51 > 0:20:54I've lost...9st.
0:20:54 > 0:20:57I've gone from not being able to walk up the stairs
0:20:57 > 0:21:00to being able to walk eight miles a day,
0:21:00 > 0:21:02which I'm incredibly proud of myself.
0:21:02 > 0:21:06I just wish I could have done it 20 years ago.
0:21:06 > 0:21:09Pam knows her future is in the low-wage economy,
0:21:09 > 0:21:12but she's worried she lacks the skills to cope.
0:21:12 > 0:21:15That's too big now. I'm having a nightmare.
0:21:18 > 0:21:19That one's just under.
0:21:21 > 0:21:23It's very important they don't go overweight
0:21:23 > 0:21:25cos you are giving broccoli away for nothing.
0:21:25 > 0:21:27OK. Fair enough.
0:21:27 > 0:21:30Come on, girls. Faster! Faster! Faster!
0:21:30 > 0:21:32An hour into their shift and on the purple team,
0:21:32 > 0:21:35the belt is overflowing with broccoli.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38It's a bit daunting. I'm daunted! I'm struggling, I am!
0:21:38 > 0:21:41This is going way too fast! Seriously!
0:21:42 > 0:21:45On the ground, hellbent on hitting targets,
0:21:45 > 0:21:48Qasim isn't letting up.
0:21:48 > 0:21:52Faster! Faster! The two girls in the back, they're a bit slow.
0:21:53 > 0:21:57To be honest, they are slow. We're going the extra speed now.
0:21:57 > 0:21:58Sabrina!
0:21:58 > 0:22:00Hello! Faster!
0:22:00 > 0:22:02Faster! Faster!
0:22:05 > 0:22:09I can clock up to 1,000 miles in a week, maybe more,
0:22:09 > 0:22:13but 1,000 is, like, the bottom line. I guarantee to do 1,000.
0:22:13 > 0:22:1736-year-old self-employed removal man Qasim
0:22:17 > 0:22:19often works seven days a week...
0:22:20 > 0:22:22Wow, that was heavy.
0:22:22 > 0:22:25..but last year, he made just ?10,000.
0:22:27 > 0:22:28I'm just on a job now.
0:22:30 > 0:22:34Can I come to you in the next few hours?
0:22:34 > 0:22:36When the end of the week comes,
0:22:36 > 0:22:38I've got to weigh up my bills,
0:22:38 > 0:22:40the payments I've got to make.
0:22:40 > 0:22:42Some weeks, I'm just really struggling.
0:22:42 > 0:22:44I have to borrow, in fact, off people
0:22:44 > 0:22:47to keep me afloat for the following week.
0:22:47 > 0:22:49One gone, four to go!
0:22:50 > 0:22:53Qasim has been forced to take on a second job,
0:22:53 > 0:22:55helping out at his mate's carpet shop.
0:22:57 > 0:23:00Yes, Mr Sheikh. I've got your job sheets for you over here.
0:23:00 > 0:23:02OK, what have you got? All them over there.
0:23:02 > 0:23:04Prestwich? Mm-hm.
0:23:04 > 0:23:06With the pressure he's under at work,
0:23:06 > 0:23:08Qasim is rarely at home.
0:23:09 > 0:23:12This is the only time that Qasim gets with me.
0:23:12 > 0:23:14It's very limited time that we have together.
0:23:14 > 0:23:17Precious time together. Yeah.
0:23:17 > 0:23:19And now that his wife's expecting a baby,
0:23:19 > 0:23:23there's not much time left in the day for Qasim to be a dad.
0:23:23 > 0:23:26It's going to be tough bringing a child on the wage I'm on,
0:23:26 > 0:23:29but at the same time, I'm going to have to balance things out.
0:23:29 > 0:23:32I mean, that little bit of money that I might spend on myself,
0:23:32 > 0:23:36I'll just have to stop spending it and put it towards the baby.
0:23:37 > 0:23:40Faster! Faster!
0:23:40 > 0:23:42Qasim's strength and physical fitness
0:23:42 > 0:23:46are a bonus for the purple team, but this job's not all about brawn.
0:23:48 > 0:23:52The first hour, we did 30. Half of them were rejected.
0:23:52 > 0:23:57Some of them, there was short stalk. Some of them, there was long stalk.
0:23:57 > 0:23:59So, there was nothing in between.
0:23:59 > 0:24:01With their erratic cutting,
0:24:01 > 0:24:04the purple team has a 40% failure rate
0:24:04 > 0:24:07and is losing the farm money hand over fist.
0:24:07 > 0:24:11Your problem - you try to go too fast and you get it wrong.
0:24:11 > 0:24:12Yes. Yeah, right.
0:24:12 > 0:24:17You're all looking busy, but you don't do the job properly.
0:24:17 > 0:24:19The way how you go, at the end of the day,
0:24:19 > 0:24:22I think you're going to end up losing your job. Mm.
0:24:30 > 0:24:33Working conditions in farming can be harsh.
0:24:33 > 0:24:36Most of the casual labour is recruited through gangmasters,
0:24:36 > 0:24:39and in 2005, to tackle the high incidence
0:24:39 > 0:24:41of mistreatment of workers,
0:24:41 > 0:24:45the government established the Gangmasters Licensing Authority.
0:24:46 > 0:24:49What is the reality of gangmasters in this industry?
0:24:49 > 0:24:51We absolutely need them.
0:24:51 > 0:24:54We can't do away with gangmasters or labour providers, as we call them.
0:24:54 > 0:24:56They're a crucial part of our business
0:24:56 > 0:25:00because of the seasonal labour and seasonal production that we have.
0:25:00 > 0:25:03You're obviously very reputable and you look after your gangs,
0:25:03 > 0:25:04but what's going on elsewhere?
0:25:04 > 0:25:07Is there still a lot of opportunity for exploitation?
0:25:07 > 0:25:11Unfortunately, there is still a lot of exploitation going on.
0:25:11 > 0:25:14It's still around Boston, Spalding, Lincolnshire, the Fens.
0:25:14 > 0:25:17Unfortunately, sometimes, I think they're trying to exploit
0:25:17 > 0:25:20more of the migrant workers than they do of the English workers.
0:25:20 > 0:25:23The English workers tend to stay in the same places,
0:25:23 > 0:25:25they don't tend to move, whereas the migrant workers
0:25:25 > 0:25:29tend to move round with the work and they can be liable to exploitation.
0:25:29 > 0:25:32There is this idea that people are coming here and taking our jobs.
0:25:32 > 0:25:34Is that happening?
0:25:34 > 0:25:37Anybody can have this work if they want to do it,
0:25:37 > 0:25:39but you've got to come and work hard.
0:25:39 > 0:25:41If you come and work in a gang of eight people
0:25:41 > 0:25:43and you're not working as hard as the other seven,
0:25:43 > 0:25:46you probably won't be coming back the next day.
0:25:46 > 0:25:48That goes for an English worker or a migrant worker.
0:25:48 > 0:25:50It is hard work, you have to work hard,
0:25:50 > 0:25:52but you will get paid at the end of it.
0:25:55 > 0:25:57Stalks are too short!
0:25:57 > 0:26:00Stalks are too short! That's no good.
0:26:00 > 0:26:02Back in the field,
0:26:02 > 0:26:04and the blue team are working hard to hit their targets,
0:26:04 > 0:26:06but tensions are growing.
0:26:06 > 0:26:09Still some of these are too small.
0:26:09 > 0:26:12All right. Well, just chuck 'em out, then, and stop complaining!
0:26:12 > 0:26:14There's millions in here. Too big.
0:26:14 > 0:26:19You have a knife there. Why don't you cut?
0:26:19 > 0:26:23They've only picked 36 boxes over the last hour and a half,
0:26:23 > 0:26:25and a third of those have been rejected.
0:26:26 > 0:26:27Everything is wrong!
0:26:29 > 0:26:31Now they're about to take a further knock.
0:26:34 > 0:26:37I can't stand, please.
0:26:37 > 0:26:39Let me a little bit for a few minutes.
0:26:39 > 0:26:44Violeta is feeling unwell and the team have to decide what to do.
0:26:44 > 0:26:48I think Violeta should go and get something to eat really quickly.
0:26:48 > 0:26:52We'll carry on. OK. Bring us a Kit`Kat back.
0:26:52 > 0:26:53Joking.
0:26:53 > 0:26:56Allez, allez, allez! Vite, vite, vite!
0:26:56 > 0:26:58Over the last two days,
0:26:58 > 0:27:0251-year-old driving instructor Violeta has excelled.
0:27:02 > 0:27:04No, no, no, no!
0:27:04 > 0:27:07You have to pay attention to details.
0:27:07 > 0:27:09Her immaculate hotel room put her team
0:27:09 > 0:27:11at the top of the leaderboard.
0:27:11 > 0:27:13Oh, my God!
0:27:13 > 0:27:15SHE LAUGHS
0:27:15 > 0:27:17Only with you, though.
0:27:17 > 0:27:20And not only did her speed and determination
0:27:20 > 0:27:22impress her colleagues...
0:27:22 > 0:27:25To be working across from Violeta is actually quite a blessing for me
0:27:25 > 0:27:26cos she's a machine.
0:27:26 > 0:27:30..her work rate also caught factory manager Mike's attention.
0:27:30 > 0:27:33For me, one person stood out, and that was Violeta,
0:27:33 > 0:27:35and we'd like Violeta to stay.
0:27:35 > 0:27:37APPLAUSE
0:27:37 > 0:27:39But in these tough, physical jobs,
0:27:39 > 0:27:4124 hours can make all the difference.
0:27:43 > 0:27:46Sometimes, you feel well. Sometimes, you feel bad.
0:27:46 > 0:27:48Today, I don't feel well.
0:27:48 > 0:27:50We are not machines, yeah.
0:27:50 > 0:27:55If Violeta was on this farm working on a normal, average job,
0:27:55 > 0:27:56if you're not fit for work,
0:27:56 > 0:27:59they might not have you back the next day.
0:28:02 > 0:28:06Go, go, go! There's no time. Come on!
0:28:06 > 0:28:07Oops!
0:28:09 > 0:28:11Halfway through their shift and the novice workers
0:28:11 > 0:28:14are starting to improve their efficiency.
0:28:15 > 0:28:19The purple team's rejection rate has dropped to zero.
0:28:19 > 0:28:22Keep the size coming, guys. Perfect size now.
0:28:22 > 0:28:24You've got the size right.
0:28:24 > 0:28:26We're doing good. We've got a good strategy in place.
0:28:26 > 0:28:29We can't go too fast because we're not productive.
0:28:29 > 0:28:32We're going slower and we're doing it properly.
0:28:33 > 0:28:37That's nice and tight, yeah. The way you present it...
0:28:37 > 0:28:39It's the way I buy it in the supermarket. Exactly.
0:28:39 > 0:28:42Because people, they eat food by their eyes.
0:28:42 > 0:28:45HE CHUCKLES Now we are working!
0:28:46 > 0:28:48No leaves, guys!
0:28:50 > 0:28:51Excuse me.
0:28:51 > 0:28:53Now three days into the experiment
0:28:53 > 0:28:56and for Pam, something remarkable is happening.
0:28:56 > 0:28:57Spot-on.
0:28:58 > 0:29:02Over the past hour, she hasn't had a single box fail.
0:29:02 > 0:29:05The last person that takes up
0:29:05 > 0:29:09has to be the one that finally checks everything and makes sure,
0:29:09 > 0:29:11in case anybody else has missed anything.
0:29:12 > 0:29:15I do feel it's a lot of responsibility,
0:29:15 > 0:29:18but for the first time, I'm feeling like I've risen
0:29:18 > 0:29:19to the challenge that I've been given.
0:29:19 > 0:29:25And if today is my last day, I can go out thinking,
0:29:25 > 0:29:28"For once in my life, I was not the weakest link."
0:29:33 > 0:29:35With Violeta back up and running...
0:29:35 > 0:29:38Yes, I'm feeling better now.
0:29:38 > 0:29:41..there's just time for one final push.
0:29:41 > 0:29:43We are women on the edge.
0:29:43 > 0:29:46THEY LAUGH
0:29:46 > 0:29:48On the edge of what, Christ only knows!
0:29:57 > 0:30:00Done. Good one, girls. Well done.
0:30:00 > 0:30:02Couple of cuts. Wow.
0:30:02 > 0:30:04I went through three gloves. Look, I've got two.
0:30:04 > 0:30:07I've got that one. I've got these little ones.
0:30:07 > 0:30:08I've got another one.
0:30:08 > 0:30:12Come on. I can't. I've got you. I've got you, I've got you.
0:30:13 > 0:30:16As the workers head back to the factory...
0:30:17 > 0:30:21..they're about to find out if anyone's earned a bonus.
0:30:33 > 0:30:36Welcome back to the factory, everybody.
0:30:36 > 0:30:38The broccoli cutting was a tough task
0:30:38 > 0:30:40and now I'd like to give you your wages for that.
0:30:40 > 0:30:44All the teams have been paid the pre-April rate of minimum wage,
0:30:44 > 0:30:47which was ?6.70 an hour before tax.
0:30:49 > 0:30:52?20.10. SHE LAUGHS
0:30:52 > 0:30:54Thanks, Pam.
0:30:54 > 0:30:56It's a bit of a shock. However,
0:30:56 > 0:30:59I've been paid and at least the money's in my pocket.
0:30:59 > 0:31:03None of the teams picked enough broccoli to cover the farm's cost
0:31:03 > 0:31:06of paying them minimum wage, let alone for them to earn a bonus.
0:31:06 > 0:31:09Unfortunately, at the rate you all worked collectively,
0:31:09 > 0:31:11the farmer would have lost money,
0:31:11 > 0:31:14so there's no extra wages in your pay packet today.
0:31:16 > 0:31:19It put things into perspective that the workers actually earn, like,
0:31:19 > 0:31:22?11, ?12 an hour doing that job.
0:31:22 > 0:31:24And we wasn't even able to earn the farmer enough money
0:31:24 > 0:31:26to pay us minimum wage.
0:31:26 > 0:31:28To get above minimum wage,
0:31:28 > 0:31:30I would have had to go three times as fast.
0:31:30 > 0:31:32I was going as fast as I could.
0:31:34 > 0:31:37So, how productive have they been?
0:31:37 > 0:31:42And how do they compare with the standards expected in this industry?
0:31:42 > 0:31:45Factory manager Mike is analysing the data to find out.
0:31:46 > 0:31:48These are the score sheets from the field.
0:31:48 > 0:31:51They've even recorded their toilet breaks.
0:31:51 > 0:31:56The individuals who scored highest are young and male.
0:31:56 > 0:31:59Violeta's score was brought down by the break she took.
0:31:59 > 0:32:01In labour-intensive jobs,
0:32:01 > 0:32:04any interruptions to production make such a difference.
0:32:05 > 0:32:07When it comes to productivity,
0:32:07 > 0:32:12an experienced team could pick over 260 boxes in the same shift.
0:32:12 > 0:32:15A new team should pick 150.
0:32:15 > 0:32:18Our worst team got just over a third of the way there,
0:32:18 > 0:32:22as one in four of their boxes failed quality control.
0:32:22 > 0:32:26The most productive team didn't pick the most broccoli.
0:32:26 > 0:32:28They actually picked the best quality broccoli.
0:32:28 > 0:32:33But even our best team fell well short of industry standards,
0:32:33 > 0:32:37picking just 84 boxes in three hours.
0:32:37 > 0:32:39To do this job, you really need stamina
0:32:39 > 0:32:42and only one team demonstrated that.
0:32:42 > 0:32:45HORN BLOWS
0:32:57 > 0:32:59GASPS AND CHEERS
0:33:02 > 0:33:06The red team picked the most boxes, and over the last two hours,
0:33:06 > 0:33:09not a single one failed quality control.
0:33:10 > 0:33:12I'm really proud of myself.
0:33:12 > 0:33:16It's very, very rare that I can say something good about myself,
0:33:16 > 0:33:19so I'm a happy girlie!
0:33:19 > 0:33:25Our strategy was - do it once, do it right, zero defects,
0:33:25 > 0:33:28and it worked! SHE LAUGHS
0:33:28 > 0:33:32HORN BLOWS
0:33:32 > 0:33:34While the red team celebrates victory,
0:33:34 > 0:33:37another team will be clocking off.
0:33:37 > 0:33:41GROANS Oh, well. I'm not surprised.
0:33:41 > 0:33:45Blue team, I'm afraid that you're the team that picked
0:33:45 > 0:33:47the least amount of broccoli,
0:33:47 > 0:33:50so I'm afraid you're going to have to leave.
0:33:50 > 0:33:52INDISTINCT CHATTER
0:33:52 > 0:33:55There is, however, an exception.
0:33:55 > 0:34:00As a smart employer, Mike always keeps an eye out for strong workers
0:34:00 > 0:34:04and Martin ranked highest on the blue team's individual score sheets.
0:34:04 > 0:34:07So, we'd like to keep Martin. Thank you.
0:34:07 > 0:34:10Also, the farm manager and myself
0:34:10 > 0:34:12were particularly impressed with Stewart's work ethic,
0:34:12 > 0:34:14so we'd also like to keep Stewart.
0:34:14 > 0:34:16CHEERS Thank you.
0:34:16 > 0:34:19THEY APPLAUD
0:34:19 > 0:34:22I saved Stewart because anybody who is willing to walk
0:34:22 > 0:34:25through the night - 18 miles - he's such a hard grafter.
0:34:25 > 0:34:28I'm happy I'm saved, don't get me wrong,
0:34:28 > 0:34:31but it was a team effort and the team failed in what they did.
0:34:31 > 0:34:34In my eyes, then, we probably all should have gone home.
0:34:34 > 0:34:36We had all the tools to be a really good team,
0:34:36 > 0:34:38but I don't think we worked well as a team,
0:34:38 > 0:34:41so I kind of expected us to be at the bottom.
0:34:41 > 0:34:43It's honestly not a surprise to me.
0:34:43 > 0:34:48I saw which are my limits and I think that I faced it.
0:34:48 > 0:34:50But this is it. If I have to leave, I leave.
0:34:50 > 0:34:51It's not a problem for me.
0:34:51 > 0:34:54INDISTINCT CHATTER
0:34:54 > 0:34:56You're my inspiration.
0:35:03 > 0:35:07It's now the fourth day of our investigation into low-wage work
0:35:07 > 0:35:10and the 12 remaining workers are clocking on
0:35:10 > 0:35:12at our purpose-built factory.
0:35:12 > 0:35:15They're about to do a shift on a food production line.
0:35:17 > 0:35:22Us Brits consume more ready meals than any other country in Europe.
0:35:22 > 0:35:26We spend a whopping ?2.6 billion on them every year.
0:35:27 > 0:35:30As our appetite for convenience continues to grow,
0:35:30 > 0:35:33we're swapping restaurants for posh premium brands,
0:35:33 > 0:35:36and the food industry is expected to need
0:35:36 > 0:35:40more than 100,000 new workers by 2025,
0:35:40 > 0:35:44and many of these jobs could be on zero-hour contracts.
0:35:46 > 0:35:48Good morning, everybody. ALL: Good morning.
0:35:48 > 0:35:51Today's task is behind those doors,
0:35:51 > 0:35:54and again, it's an industry we all rely on.
0:35:54 > 0:35:56You'll be working in teams of three,
0:35:56 > 0:35:59and the team that's the least productive
0:35:59 > 0:36:01will not be returning to work tomorrow.
0:36:03 > 0:36:06The workers are about to do a four-hour shift
0:36:06 > 0:36:09making two of the nation's popular ready meals.
0:36:09 > 0:36:12On this task, we're going to be making cauliflower cheese.
0:36:12 > 0:36:13They're working for Gary Bell,
0:36:13 > 0:36:17who has over 20 years' experience in food processing.
0:36:17 > 0:36:23The first team member will weigh cauliflower to 100g on the scales.
0:36:23 > 0:36:28The second team member will be adding 100g of cheese sauce.
0:36:28 > 0:36:31The third person will be adding cheese,
0:36:31 > 0:36:33putting the lid on and then putting it on to the trolley.
0:36:33 > 0:36:37The teams are expected to produce five meals a minute.
0:36:37 > 0:36:41Sounds easy enough, but this job is highly repetitive
0:36:41 > 0:36:44and will test their accuracy and endurance to the limits.
0:36:44 > 0:36:46OK.
0:36:46 > 0:36:50They'll only succeed if they can work together as a team.
0:36:50 > 0:36:53Do you know why I'm thinking me the cauliflower?
0:36:53 > 0:36:55Because I'm good with weights and sizes.
0:36:55 > 0:36:58You've done this before, haven't you? Not exactly the same.
0:36:58 > 0:36:59But close enough.
0:36:59 > 0:37:01With three people to each team,
0:37:01 > 0:37:05they'll be identified by colour-coded protective hairnets.
0:37:05 > 0:37:07Do we look good?
0:37:07 > 0:37:10You look like Father Christmas. LAUGHTER
0:37:10 > 0:37:13So, what does it take to make the grade on a food production line?
0:37:13 > 0:37:15HORN BLOWS
0:37:15 > 0:37:18Let's start. Come on. Weigh! Go!
0:37:18 > 0:37:19Yeah, we're going.
0:37:20 > 0:37:24Measuring is critical, and just like in the real world,
0:37:24 > 0:37:27quality controllers are carrying out random spot checks.
0:37:28 > 0:37:32The workers have been allowed a small margin of error,
0:37:32 > 0:37:36but any rejected meals will be discounted from their total.
0:37:36 > 0:37:37Stupid scales.
0:37:37 > 0:37:41On the red team, buoyed up by her success as a broccoli packer,
0:37:41 > 0:37:43Pam is back on the scales.
0:37:43 > 0:37:45SHE GROANS
0:37:45 > 0:37:48Was it the zero or the T? T.
0:37:49 > 0:37:52She's working alongside removal man Qasim...
0:37:52 > 0:37:54I need to put it on there.
0:37:54 > 0:37:56..and unemployed Zach.
0:37:56 > 0:37:57You all right, Pam?
0:37:57 > 0:38:00They're all new to production line work.
0:38:00 > 0:38:03You know me. Give me ten minutes and then I'll be fine.
0:38:03 > 0:38:05Just take your time, Pam, and you'll get your rhythm.
0:38:07 > 0:38:10Being at the head of the line is a big responsibility,
0:38:10 > 0:38:14as it will be up to Pam to set their pace of production.
0:38:14 > 0:38:16Right. Now it's set up right.
0:38:16 > 0:38:22There's a tolerance, so you can go five under, five over.
0:38:22 > 0:38:24If a strong pacesetter is important,
0:38:24 > 0:38:27then the green team is at a big advantage
0:38:27 > 0:38:30because heading up their line is agency chef Stephanie.
0:38:31 > 0:38:33Slow down a second. Slow down. Sorry!
0:38:34 > 0:38:38Go. All right, ready. Yeah, ready.
0:38:38 > 0:38:40I've found that, when you do work like this,
0:38:40 > 0:38:42you don't need to go to the gym.
0:38:42 > 0:38:47So, not only am I doing a job, I'm working on my waist muscles.
0:38:47 > 0:38:49That's my added benefit for me.
0:38:54 > 0:38:5857-year-old Stephanie worked as a senior hospitality manager,
0:38:58 > 0:39:02but was forced to leave her job because of family illness.
0:39:02 > 0:39:04When her husband died three years later,
0:39:04 > 0:39:06she struggled to get back into full-time work,
0:39:06 > 0:39:11so Stephanie became an agency chef on a zero-hour contract.
0:39:12 > 0:39:14Today, I'm on standby.
0:39:14 > 0:39:17That means that I haven't got anything booked for today,
0:39:17 > 0:39:22but if someone phoned in sick, they need a chef now.
0:39:22 > 0:39:27You don't know if you're going to work from one day to the next.
0:39:27 > 0:39:30You don't know how many hours you could be working.
0:39:30 > 0:39:33You don't know where you're going to be working.
0:39:33 > 0:39:35PHONE RINGS
0:39:35 > 0:39:38Hello. What have you got for me?
0:39:38 > 0:39:40'It means that you have to say yes
0:39:40 > 0:39:43'to virtually everything that's asked.'
0:39:43 > 0:39:46Five hours. All right. It's better than nothing, isn't it?
0:39:46 > 0:39:50Because if you don't, then someone else will
0:39:50 > 0:39:54and they will be asked next time. That's the reality of it.
0:39:55 > 0:39:58Stephanie can earn up to ?12.50 an hour,
0:39:58 > 0:40:00but her limited shifts meant, last year,
0:40:00 > 0:40:04she only earned ?13,000 before tax.
0:40:04 > 0:40:08Living like this is very stressful because...
0:40:08 > 0:40:10SHE SIGHS
0:40:10 > 0:40:13..I don't know, from one week to the next,
0:40:13 > 0:40:17whether I am going to cover the cost of my house,
0:40:17 > 0:40:20get the next six months' car tax,
0:40:20 > 0:40:22pay for my phone.
0:40:22 > 0:40:23My phone is critical.
0:40:23 > 0:40:25Without a phone, I don't get bookings.
0:40:25 > 0:40:28Stephanie is desperate to find full-time employment
0:40:28 > 0:40:31to ease the strain of her unpredictable life,
0:40:31 > 0:40:34and regular minimum wage work could provide the answer.
0:40:35 > 0:40:37SHE CHUCKLES
0:40:37 > 0:40:41Would I like a maid to clean my home?
0:40:41 > 0:40:42Goodness me!
0:40:42 > 0:40:45I wonder if they've got any vacancies.
0:40:45 > 0:40:47SHE LAUGHS
0:40:49 > 0:40:52With zero-hour or casual labour contracts,
0:40:52 > 0:40:55workers have some rights, like annual leave,
0:40:55 > 0:40:57but they're only accrued on the hours they work,
0:40:57 > 0:40:59and no amount of work is guaranteed.
0:40:59 > 0:41:02I reckon we're doing a good job, but we need to up it.
0:41:02 > 0:41:06There are at least 1.5 million of these contracts in Britain today,
0:41:06 > 0:41:07but are they all bad?
0:41:09 > 0:41:11I'm talking to Mark Beatson
0:41:11 > 0:41:14of the Chartered Institute for Personnel and Development
0:41:14 > 0:41:16to see what he thinks.
0:41:16 > 0:41:18Are zero-hours contracts exploitative?
0:41:18 > 0:41:23Our research shows that, on average, zero-hours contract employees
0:41:23 > 0:41:25are just as satisfied with their jobs as other employees,
0:41:25 > 0:41:28so it's not the case that
0:41:28 > 0:41:31every zero-hours contract job is a bad job.
0:41:31 > 0:41:33They work for some people, they don't work for others,
0:41:33 > 0:41:35and I think that's very important to emphasise.
0:41:35 > 0:41:36What if it's your only option?
0:41:36 > 0:41:39If you're on minimum wage and you're going from one job to the next
0:41:39 > 0:41:42and you're living hand to mouth, how do you protect yourself?
0:41:42 > 0:41:45Well, some zero-hours contract workers protect themselves
0:41:45 > 0:41:47by having more than one job.
0:41:47 > 0:41:50That means that if one employer is not offering them work,
0:41:50 > 0:41:52then they actually have another job, as well, to go back to.
0:41:52 > 0:41:55If you're insisting on zero-hours contracts,
0:41:55 > 0:41:57if you say that, "We don't guarantee giving you work,"
0:41:57 > 0:42:00then it's quite right, I think, that the Government has made it
0:42:00 > 0:42:03illegal for them then to say, "You can't work for somebody else."
0:42:03 > 0:42:07I think that's, you know, an entirely sensible option to us.
0:42:07 > 0:42:11Where's the incentive to go and do the job to the best of your ability?
0:42:11 > 0:42:13Well, of course, there is a negative incentive.
0:42:13 > 0:42:16Economists talk about things called efficiency wages,
0:42:16 > 0:42:17which is the idea that
0:42:17 > 0:42:20if you don't work hard enough, you're going to get the sack.
0:42:20 > 0:42:23I think there's a much more positive story to tell, though,
0:42:23 > 0:42:25which is actually that most people at work,
0:42:25 > 0:42:28they take pride in their work, they take pride in doing a good job
0:42:28 > 0:42:30and being recognised for doing a good job.
0:42:30 > 0:42:34And it requires managers who are able to see people as individuals
0:42:34 > 0:42:37and just give them that bit of recognition and encouragement.
0:42:37 > 0:42:40But the reality on the shop floor is that the pressure
0:42:40 > 0:42:44to generate profits means that targets often come first.
0:42:44 > 0:42:47OK, gang, the QCs are just checking your weights and
0:42:47 > 0:42:49they're finding quite a few underweights.
0:42:49 > 0:42:52That whole trolley now potentially could be underweight,
0:42:52 > 0:42:55which is obviously a lot of time and effort and money
0:42:55 > 0:42:58cos all of that product might now have to be rejected,
0:42:58 > 0:43:01which is obviously going to cost money. OK.
0:43:01 > 0:43:04Let's make sure these weights are right. OK? Thank you.
0:43:04 > 0:43:05Right, come on!
0:43:05 > 0:43:0960% of the blue team's cauliflower cheese has been rejected
0:43:09 > 0:43:11and they'll have to pull together as a team
0:43:11 > 0:43:13if they're going to fix the problem.
0:43:13 > 0:43:15I don't see how they can be underweight.
0:43:15 > 0:43:16It could be me, it could be him.
0:43:16 > 0:43:19Cos, obviously, you've got scales over there.
0:43:19 > 0:43:22I haven't got time to do that! SHE LAUGHS
0:43:22 > 0:43:25SHE SHRIEKS
0:43:25 > 0:43:26Spillage! Spillage!
0:43:28 > 0:43:31While the blue team is struggling with their underweight meals,
0:43:31 > 0:43:35Stewart's white team is facing a different problem.
0:43:35 > 0:43:38Put 100. Exactly 100. Exactly?
0:43:38 > 0:43:40Exactly 100.
0:43:40 > 0:43:43Fish and chip shop owner Stewart is heading up the line
0:43:43 > 0:43:45with military precision.
0:43:45 > 0:43:48Just making sure the measurements are more exact.
0:43:48 > 0:43:50We have got a bit of scope. We can go a wee bit higher,
0:43:50 > 0:43:53but I want to try and keep it as close as possible to the 100.
0:43:53 > 0:43:55But it's very time-consuming.
0:43:55 > 0:43:58It's quality as opposed to quantity. Keep sliding it, Stewart.
0:43:58 > 0:44:02What's that? Keep sliding it. I will if I can get it weighed.
0:44:02 > 0:44:05LAUGHING: OK. Don't keep telling me to keep sliding it. OK, OK.
0:44:05 > 0:44:06For factory manager Gary,
0:44:06 > 0:44:10a worker like Stewart doesn't give him good value for money.
0:44:10 > 0:44:12Stewart's actually slowing the line down
0:44:12 > 0:44:15by being over-accurate on his weight,
0:44:15 > 0:44:18which is reducing the output by about 50%.
0:44:18 > 0:44:21Cauliflower is probably more expensive than Stewart's time
0:44:21 > 0:44:25standing on that line so he really needs to step up his speed
0:44:25 > 0:44:26to try and get more meals down the line.
0:44:28 > 0:44:31With profit margins a constant concern, for Gary,
0:44:31 > 0:44:35the most important thing is keeping production lines running smoothly.
0:44:36 > 0:44:38Stop at the moment, please.
0:44:38 > 0:44:40On Stephanie's green team...
0:44:40 > 0:44:42Guys, I'll change the trays.
0:44:42 > 0:44:47..warehouse worker Majka is a veteran of the production line...
0:44:47 > 0:44:49Majka! Majka!
0:44:49 > 0:44:53Leon! I didn't know where you was. I tell you stop. I didn't hear you.
0:44:53 > 0:44:55I didn't hear you. I didn't know where you was.
0:44:55 > 0:44:58..but graphic designer Leon is a complete novice.
0:44:58 > 0:45:02Leon, hear what I say. Yeah, but...
0:45:02 > 0:45:05Stop. Hold on, no. Just speak... Even if you attack me.
0:45:05 > 0:45:08Leon, we work together. I'm not arguing. Leon...
0:45:08 > 0:45:10OK, I know, I know. Listen, listen.
0:45:10 > 0:45:12If we don't work together, there's no sense.
0:45:12 > 0:45:15We're working together, but I'm saying I didn't see you, that's all.
0:45:15 > 0:45:16OK. Yeah? That's all.
0:45:18 > 0:45:21The workers are expected to make five meals a minute,
0:45:21 > 0:45:23but with the lunchtime stock-take looming,
0:45:23 > 0:45:27removal man Qasim on the red team is feeling the pressure.
0:45:27 > 0:45:28We need to speed it up badly.
0:45:28 > 0:45:30Just let me tell you something. Yeah?
0:45:30 > 0:45:33You can only go as fast as the scale will allow you.
0:45:33 > 0:45:36Let me tell you something - you know when you put it on?
0:45:36 > 0:45:38You zero it, whack it on and you put them on.
0:45:38 > 0:45:41It's how fast you work. No, you can't just...
0:45:41 > 0:45:44All right, let me show you. Let me just tell you something right now.
0:45:44 > 0:45:46Go on. You can't just go like that, right?
0:45:46 > 0:45:49No, you don't do that, though. You don't do that. Watch this.
0:45:49 > 0:45:51Are you listening? Go on.
0:45:51 > 0:45:53No, no, of course I'm BLEEP listening. Go on, then.
0:45:53 > 0:45:55All right, leave it, then. If you're going to...
0:45:55 > 0:45:58No, no. Don't fall out, guys. No!
0:45:58 > 0:46:00Guys! Guys! I'm being civilised.
0:46:00 > 0:46:02Yeah, that's unacceptable.
0:46:02 > 0:46:05I'm not... Now, let's listen, right.
0:46:05 > 0:46:08Have you thought about just changing round? I just asked her. Yeah.
0:46:08 > 0:46:11You know, because that's the most demanding job.
0:46:11 > 0:46:16In a target-driven environment, tensions are bound to rise,
0:46:16 > 0:46:18but Pam and Qasim have taken Mike's advice
0:46:18 > 0:46:21and got their production line going again.
0:46:21 > 0:46:23It's all right. You sure? Once I'm in me rhythm...
0:46:23 > 0:46:25Shout up if you do.
0:46:25 > 0:46:27Don't worry about saying owt. Yep.
0:46:27 > 0:46:29I'm just doing it me own way.
0:46:30 > 0:46:34But Qasim isn't convinced their problem is solved.
0:46:34 > 0:46:36We've got a weak link in the team.
0:46:36 > 0:46:40She's doing half a job and I'm not happy, honestly,
0:46:40 > 0:46:42because I've put in 110%, me.
0:46:42 > 0:46:45HORN BLOWS
0:46:45 > 0:46:47The lunchtime stock-take is done.
0:46:47 > 0:46:50Stephanie's green team is at the top of the leaderboard...
0:46:50 > 0:46:53Ohh! Whoa!
0:46:53 > 0:46:55THEY LAUGH HAPPILY
0:46:55 > 0:46:57..while Pam's red team is in last place.
0:47:07 > 0:47:11If you tell me I'm doing this wrong, I will take your advice.
0:47:11 > 0:47:14Exactly. Why? Because it's a team activity.
0:47:14 > 0:47:17If I get upset, I've got issues. Not you. I've got issues.
0:47:19 > 0:47:21In the real world, people like that get sent home
0:47:21 > 0:47:24because they're bringing emotions to work.
0:47:25 > 0:47:29TEARFULLY: Maybe it's just a personality clash with me and Qasim.
0:47:29 > 0:47:35OK? But I haven't done...enough jobs in my life
0:47:35 > 0:47:40with enough people to grasp yet
0:47:40 > 0:47:44how to put the clashes aside and move forward.
0:47:44 > 0:47:49Because I've hardly worked,
0:47:49 > 0:47:53I haven't figured out how to do it yet. Maybe I don't know.
0:47:56 > 0:47:59Qasim's worried Pam will end up getting him fired,
0:47:59 > 0:48:02but as the second half of their shift begins,
0:48:02 > 0:48:04he's in for a surprise.
0:48:04 > 0:48:07The reason why some of the meals have been rejected is
0:48:07 > 0:48:10we're not putting enough cheese on them. Oh, my God!
0:48:10 > 0:48:12It seems their third team member Zach
0:48:12 > 0:48:15has been scrimping with the topping.
0:48:15 > 0:48:17So, you've now got the extra complexity of
0:48:17 > 0:48:19you need to be upping your speed,
0:48:19 > 0:48:22and you need to make sure the quality is right
0:48:22 > 0:48:24cos you've got to get back in there with the other teams.
0:48:24 > 0:48:26Whoa!
0:48:26 > 0:48:29Look at it as a kick up the arse for the team to motivate us on.
0:48:29 > 0:48:32Exactly. There you go. Right, right, right.
0:48:32 > 0:48:36The second ready meal the workers are producing is lasagne.
0:48:36 > 0:48:39Same positions, yeah? Yes, it's the best way.
0:48:39 > 0:48:41HORN BLOWS
0:48:41 > 0:48:44All the main ingredients are dispensed by machine
0:48:44 > 0:48:47so there's no weighing involved, but it's harder than it seems.
0:48:47 > 0:48:51Whoa! Whoa, whoa, whoa! I'm trying!
0:48:52 > 0:48:55There's a foot pedal to release the vegetables.
0:48:55 > 0:48:57Ah, sorry!
0:48:57 > 0:48:59And if you can work out how to use it...
0:48:59 > 0:49:01I'm not in the right...
0:49:01 > 0:49:03Sorry about that one, Zach.
0:49:03 > 0:49:05I've got it in the wrong hand, that's why, innit?
0:49:05 > 0:49:09There's a dispenser to deliver the white sauce.
0:49:09 > 0:49:12No! Sorry, it's squirting everywhere!
0:49:13 > 0:49:16And it's doing it again. It's just gone all mad on me.
0:49:16 > 0:49:19The last person on the line adds a sprinkle of cheese,
0:49:19 > 0:49:22if they're quick enough. SHE GASPS
0:49:22 > 0:49:26Look, guys, you're supposed to tell me, not just let me go!
0:49:27 > 0:49:29Ah!
0:49:29 > 0:49:32Just a slight spillage. Just getting used to the machine.
0:49:32 > 0:49:35On the white team, Stewart is again setting the pace,
0:49:35 > 0:49:38but after being so cautious earlier on the scales,
0:49:38 > 0:49:40he's now a little trigger happy.
0:49:40 > 0:49:42You have a tendency to try and put your foot down.
0:49:42 > 0:49:45You're on a foot pedal.
0:49:45 > 0:49:48It's not long before he runs out of vegetable mixture.
0:49:49 > 0:49:53Bag's empty! We're empty. I need a refill.
0:49:53 > 0:49:56Also on the white team is 22-year-old Sabrina,
0:49:56 > 0:49:57who's a professional cleaner.
0:49:57 > 0:49:59She's not listening. I'm listening.
0:49:59 > 0:50:01I thought you were speaking to somebody else.
0:50:01 > 0:50:05While Sabrina wants to follow the hygiene rules to the letter...
0:50:05 > 0:50:09You need to wash your hands now, you've touched a bin.
0:50:09 > 0:50:11Sabrina... You need to wash your hands.
0:50:11 > 0:50:14..Stewart is more concerned about their position on the leaderboard.
0:50:14 > 0:50:17Stewart, you're not listening, love. I can't do anything.
0:50:17 > 0:50:19Yeah, but you touched the bag.
0:50:19 > 0:50:22I can't work like this. You're not listening, though, Stewart.
0:50:22 > 0:50:24I can't wash my hands... You've touched the bin!
0:50:24 > 0:50:27You can't touch that! I'm not touching this product!
0:50:27 > 0:50:31But you've still touched the bin! I'm not...
0:50:31 > 0:50:33OK, do what you want. Right, OK, here.
0:50:33 > 0:50:35But that's what I mean. You need to...
0:50:35 > 0:50:38OK, then I can help you. Pass me the scissors.
0:50:38 > 0:50:40Don't need to shout about it.
0:50:40 > 0:50:42It's just embarrassing. It's not embarrassing.
0:50:42 > 0:50:44It's the fact that you need to be washing your hands.
0:50:44 > 0:50:47Thank you. There you go.
0:50:47 > 0:50:49Chill, we are doing it well. Come on, don't argue.
0:51:00 > 0:51:04While painter and decorator Martin knows what counts in this world,
0:51:04 > 0:51:07it's all new to graphic designer Leon.
0:51:07 > 0:51:11This is one of those jobs that the workers themselves,
0:51:11 > 0:51:13you're pretty much invisible in society
0:51:13 > 0:51:15because all people want to know
0:51:15 > 0:51:18is that I can go to the shop and buy my food.
0:51:18 > 0:51:21There's no second thought for where it comes from.
0:51:21 > 0:51:23There's no second thought for who actually packages it,
0:51:23 > 0:51:25put it together.
0:51:25 > 0:51:26Whoa!
0:51:26 > 0:51:29That's a huge insight to me.
0:51:29 > 0:51:31When a workforce is hidden from view,
0:51:31 > 0:51:36what happens to its representation and what happens to its rights?
0:51:36 > 0:51:39Frances O'Grady - General Secretary of the TUC -
0:51:39 > 0:51:40is concerned.
0:51:40 > 0:51:46We're seeing a breakdown in that traditional contract of mutual
0:51:46 > 0:51:51respect and obligation between those employers and those workers.
0:51:51 > 0:51:53It's about low pay, but not just low pay.
0:51:53 > 0:51:58It's about not having strong rights. It's about having no voice at work.
0:51:58 > 0:52:03It's about having nobody standing up for you against the bad employer
0:52:03 > 0:52:06and being frightened to make a complaint yourself.
0:52:06 > 0:52:08Do you think there's any loyalty
0:52:08 > 0:52:10if you're on zero-hours or on minimum wage?
0:52:10 > 0:52:13If you're on rubbish wages
0:52:13 > 0:52:16and you don't even know when you're going to be working that week,
0:52:16 > 0:52:18why should you feel loyal to that employer?
0:52:18 > 0:52:22But we are competing in a global climate, aren't we?
0:52:22 > 0:52:25Do you have to keep your wages low?
0:52:25 > 0:52:28Yeah, well, I'm always fascinated that global competition has
0:52:28 > 0:52:32given us the reason why British workers should get low wages
0:52:32 > 0:52:34and at the very same time,
0:52:34 > 0:52:38those at the top should get even bigger pay packets.
0:52:38 > 0:52:43In many other countries, we've seen manufacturing flourish
0:52:43 > 0:52:46and that's not to do with lower wage costs.
0:52:46 > 0:52:49That's to do with governments
0:52:49 > 0:52:51who don't just leave it all to the free market.
0:52:51 > 0:52:54So many people are on zero-hours contracts.
0:52:54 > 0:52:56Where are we heading with this?
0:52:56 > 0:52:59This is storing up huge problems for our society
0:52:59 > 0:53:03and I think we're now reaching levels of inequality in wages
0:53:03 > 0:53:04that are unsustainable.
0:53:06 > 0:53:09Yeah, just go, go, go!
0:53:09 > 0:53:13Back at the factory and their shift on a production line is almost over.
0:53:13 > 0:53:16They must have that final push towards the end of the shift
0:53:16 > 0:53:20and obviously still keep their focus on quality and quantity.
0:53:20 > 0:53:23SHE SQUAWKS I like this speed. Keep it up!
0:53:23 > 0:53:25Keep it going. Keep it going.
0:53:27 > 0:53:33I say, "Never give up, regardless" because I wouldn't be here now
0:53:33 > 0:53:36if I'd have given up and I don't believe in it.
0:53:36 > 0:53:41I might moan and groan a lot and annoy people,
0:53:41 > 0:53:42but I'm not a quitter.
0:53:42 > 0:53:45The red team has managed to make up ground,
0:53:45 > 0:53:48but will it be enough to keep them from going home?
0:53:48 > 0:53:50HORN BLOWS
0:53:50 > 0:53:53And again. Wait a minute.
0:53:53 > 0:53:56I've got my thumb in it. I've got...
0:53:56 > 0:53:58LAUGHTER Do you know what?
0:53:58 > 0:54:01I'm having such a calamity today!
0:54:01 > 0:54:05Pam, use that. Use that. I don't know whether to laugh or cry.
0:54:05 > 0:54:07I'm having such a calamity.
0:54:15 > 0:54:18The workers have completed their four-hour shift.
0:54:18 > 0:54:21Berwyn. At the pre-April rate of minimum wage,
0:54:21 > 0:54:26they've earned themselves just ?26.80 before tax.
0:54:26 > 0:54:29Have you seen how much they've given me for all that hard work?
0:54:29 > 0:54:31Look at the state of me!
0:54:31 > 0:54:33For such a physical challenge,
0:54:33 > 0:54:36I really think they should get paid extra for that.
0:54:36 > 0:54:38Compared to people that work in offices
0:54:38 > 0:54:42and sit there and write stuff, I think they should, at least,
0:54:42 > 0:54:45be paid 50% more than what they're paid.
0:54:45 > 0:54:47Today, my feet are killing
0:54:47 > 0:54:50just by standing in one place most of the time.
0:54:50 > 0:54:53And that's four hours. So, you can imagine eight hours.
0:54:53 > 0:54:57You can imagine a week, a month. Just... Yeah, so...
0:54:57 > 0:55:00Nah, it's not for me. HE LAUGHS
0:55:00 > 0:55:04So, what kind of people are perfect production line workers?
0:55:04 > 0:55:06And who would put a spanner in the works?
0:55:07 > 0:55:11Mike is collating the data from the factory to find out.
0:55:12 > 0:55:14It's obvious you've got to be very precise,
0:55:14 > 0:55:16but not only have you got to be precise,
0:55:16 > 0:55:19you've got to be precise hour after hour.
0:55:19 > 0:55:21This graph shows the total number of meals
0:55:21 > 0:55:25an experienced team would produce in a four-hour shift
0:55:25 > 0:55:27and what a novice team is expected to produce.
0:55:29 > 0:55:33Our worst team produced just 405 meals.
0:55:33 > 0:55:36They would have to work six times as hard
0:55:36 > 0:55:39to meet the same productivity as an experienced team.
0:55:39 > 0:55:42Our best team wasn't able to reach the target either.
0:55:42 > 0:55:47They produced just 627 meals over the shift.
0:55:47 > 0:55:50To work on a production line, you've got to work as a team,
0:55:50 > 0:55:53and only one of our teams did that.
0:55:53 > 0:55:56HORN BLOWS
0:56:05 > 0:56:09We maintained. We maintained. There you go.
0:56:09 > 0:56:12See? It paid off. It's good. Yeah.
0:56:12 > 0:56:14High-five, man. Definitely, definitely.
0:56:14 > 0:56:16Good, good, good, good, good.
0:56:17 > 0:56:21While Stephanie's green team held the lead, the red team,
0:56:21 > 0:56:24with their slow pace and high rejection rates, failed to improve.
0:56:28 > 0:56:31It's a bit gutting going from top spot to going home,
0:56:31 > 0:56:34but at least I got up to that top spot
0:56:34 > 0:56:39on the one task where I actually felt that I was as good
0:56:39 > 0:56:42as each and every other team member.
0:56:42 > 0:56:48Remember your broccoli moment. I know. It was your finest.
0:56:48 > 0:56:52I'm not going to look at it like I failed because I didn't fail.
0:56:52 > 0:56:54It was a group activity.
0:56:54 > 0:56:56There were teamwork issues,
0:56:56 > 0:56:58productivity issues, training issues.
0:56:58 > 0:57:00Multiple issues. It weren't one.
0:57:00 > 0:57:02There were a lot of contributing factors.
0:57:02 > 0:57:04Like a football match - if a team loses,
0:57:04 > 0:57:06you can't blame an individual player.
0:57:06 > 0:57:09So, the way I look at it - it's just one of those things.
0:57:09 > 0:57:11I take it on the chin.
0:57:11 > 0:57:14Aw, take care.
0:57:14 > 0:57:16INDISTINCT CHATTER
0:57:20 > 0:57:25Over the last two days, seven people have been laid off.
0:57:26 > 0:57:28Since then,
0:57:28 > 0:57:30Qasim's wife has had a baby boy.
0:57:32 > 0:57:38And after 23 years out of work, Pam has had a breakthrough.
0:57:38 > 0:57:42I got a job at Tesco. They call it customer services assistant.
0:57:42 > 0:57:45I call it checkout girl, but it's kind of the same thing.
0:57:45 > 0:57:50I absolutely love the job, but I still don't like scales.
0:57:50 > 0:57:51They drive me mad.
0:57:53 > 0:57:55Next time...
0:57:55 > 0:57:57Rob, move your bloody tray.
0:57:57 > 0:58:00..the workers step into the world of online retail.
0:58:00 > 0:58:03We've got to be like robots, doing all this.
0:58:03 > 0:58:06Every move they make will be tracked...
0:58:06 > 0:58:07Leon's took an early lead
0:58:07 > 0:58:10with four items that he's scanned into his basket.
0:58:10 > 0:58:12..as targets must be met. SHE GROANS
0:58:12 > 0:58:14You all right? No, I'm cracking up.
0:58:14 > 0:58:16You wouldn't be happy with that
0:58:16 > 0:58:17if you got that in the post, would you?
0:58:17 > 0:58:20Whether fulfilling our orders or checking our products...
0:58:20 > 0:58:22Looks a bit wonky, doesn't it?
0:58:22 > 0:58:25..can the workers hack it in the world of e-commerce?
0:58:25 > 0:58:27Oh, come on! Pfft!
0:58:59 > 0:59:01If there is nothing new,
0:59:01 > 0:59:04then the Court of Appeal aren't going to change their decision.
0:59:06 > 0:59:08You have to question everything.
0:59:08 > 0:59:11There were two areas of fingerprints on the carrier bag.
0:59:11 > 0:59:14It's an obvious case to re-examine.