0:00:04 > 0:00:09For ten years, Pakistan has said it's an ally of the West.
0:00:13 > 0:00:16Yet in a prison cell in Afghanistan,
0:00:16 > 0:00:19a captured suicide bomber alleges that this year,
0:00:19 > 0:00:24a Pakistani intelligence officer trained him to kill Western troops.
0:00:24 > 0:00:31TRANSLATION: The Pakistani man said that in Afghanistan, there are non-believers.
0:00:31 > 0:00:33We are obliged to carry out jihad.
0:00:35 > 0:00:38This series tells the hidden story of how,
0:00:38 > 0:00:43after 9/1, Pakistan deceived America and the West.
0:00:47 > 0:00:51You didn't have to be Sherlock Holmes to put the dots together.
0:00:51 > 0:00:54I told the President, Pakistan was playing a double game
0:00:54 > 0:00:57and double-dealing us.
0:00:57 > 0:01:01We did know extraordinary things -
0:01:01 > 0:01:04the Taliban sending out instructions saying that so-and-so
0:01:04 > 0:01:09should report for a bomb-making course at a camp in Pakistan.
0:01:09 > 0:01:12It's a story of how America struck back.
0:01:14 > 0:01:19The Pakistanis wised up to what was going on a little too late.
0:01:22 > 0:01:25TRANSLATION: What difference does it make if he's alive or dead?
0:01:25 > 0:01:2820, 40, 100 people like Osama die every day.
0:01:30 > 0:01:34Told by senior intelligence officials, diplomats
0:01:34 > 0:01:36and the Taliban themselves,
0:01:36 > 0:01:42it's also the story of how and why Pakistan continues to give secret support to the insurgents.
0:01:44 > 0:01:47- TRANSLATION:- The tanks arrived.
0:01:47 > 0:01:52The first passed, then the second, the third. I fired at it.
0:01:55 > 0:01:58I frankly remember thinking, "We're dead."
0:02:00 > 0:02:03Above all, it is the story of how Pakistan, a supposed ally,
0:02:03 > 0:02:08stands accused of causing the deaths of thousands of coalition soldiers
0:02:08 > 0:02:12in Afghanistan - deaths that continue to this day.
0:02:16 > 0:02:19As long as they have fighters that are sheltered
0:02:19 > 0:02:23away from what we can do, we are limited in how much we can get done.
0:02:23 > 0:02:28It is the most secret of the many secrets in Pakistan.
0:02:29 > 0:02:32The stakes here are huge.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59Mystery still surrounds how Osama Bin Laden came to be
0:02:59 > 0:03:02hiding in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
0:03:06 > 0:03:11The climax of the largest manhunt in history has brought few answers.
0:03:11 > 0:03:15But one man has a remarkable story that he believes solves the mystery.
0:03:20 > 0:03:24His name is Amrullah Saleh and he was head of Afghan intelligence.
0:03:26 > 0:03:32It was a triumphant moment for all of us that Bin Laden was killed
0:03:32 > 0:03:35and he was killed in Abbottabad.
0:03:35 > 0:03:42It was confirmation of the fact that we believed for so many years.
0:03:43 > 0:03:48In 2006, Saleh uncovered evidence that Bin Laden
0:03:48 > 0:03:52was living in comfort in a Pakistani town.
0:03:57 > 0:04:00In the mountains of northeast Afghanistan,
0:04:00 > 0:04:05Afghan intelligence officers captured a Pakistani - Syed Akbar.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10They believed he was smuggling weapons to the Taliban.
0:04:10 > 0:04:15His interrogation produced an extraordinary claim.
0:04:15 > 0:04:22The most revealing and shocking part of Syed Akbar's story is...
0:04:22 > 0:04:27he confessed to us that he escorted Bin Laden from one location
0:04:27 > 0:04:33to another, and the information we had was suggesting Manshera
0:04:33 > 0:04:38as the town where Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda was hiding.
0:04:39 > 0:04:43Manshera is in Pakistan, just 12 miles from Abbottabad.
0:04:44 > 0:04:47Then came another revelation.
0:04:47 > 0:04:51After doing a very thorough, professional investigation,
0:04:51 > 0:04:56we found out that he was a serving officer of ISI.
0:04:56 > 0:05:00It was an astonishing conclusion.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03The ISI - Inter-Services Intelligence -
0:05:03 > 0:05:06is the Pakistani intelligence service.
0:05:06 > 0:05:12Publicly, Pakistan was one of America's closest allies in the hunt for Al-Qaeda.
0:05:14 > 0:05:18Syed Akbar, the alleged Pakistani spy,
0:05:18 > 0:05:21is in a high-security prison in Kabul.
0:05:21 > 0:05:23He denies helping escort Bin Laden.
0:05:38 > 0:05:44But Afghan intelligence believed their information was correct. Their spy chief travelled to Pakistan
0:05:44 > 0:05:46with his president, Hamid Karzai.
0:05:48 > 0:05:54President Karzai handed the information to Pakistan's leader, Pervez Musharraf.
0:05:55 > 0:06:00He banged the table and looked at President Karzai and said,
0:06:00 > 0:06:03"Am I president of banana republic?
0:06:05 > 0:06:08"If not, then how can you tell me
0:06:08 > 0:06:12"Bin Laden is hiding in a settled area of Pakistan?"
0:06:12 > 0:06:16I said, "Well, this is the information,
0:06:16 > 0:06:19"so you can go and check it."
0:06:25 > 0:06:28Now, it happens after so many years,
0:06:28 > 0:06:32that Bin Laden was about 12 miles from that location.
0:06:32 > 0:06:38Why they should be so blind of the facts of the environment within their own country?
0:06:45 > 0:06:50But in public, America and the West clung to their belief
0:06:50 > 0:06:53that Pakistan was one of their closest allies.
0:06:56 > 0:07:00PRESIDENT BUSH: In Afghanistan, America, our 25 NATO allies
0:07:00 > 0:07:03and 15 partner nations are helping the Afghan people
0:07:03 > 0:07:07defend their freedom and rebuild their country.
0:07:08 > 0:07:11A nation that was once a safe haven for Al-Qaeda
0:07:11 > 0:07:17is now a young democracy where people are looking to the future with new hope.
0:07:21 > 0:07:25Yet as President Bush spoke, the truth on the ground was different.
0:07:30 > 0:07:34British and other NATO troops were under ferocious attack.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37After 9/11, the Taliban regime in Afghanistan had been
0:07:37 > 0:07:41overthrown for refusing to surrender Bin Laden.
0:07:41 > 0:07:46Now, they were back, re-armed and re-organised.
0:07:46 > 0:07:51The losses were steadily increasing, very, very serious.
0:07:51 > 0:07:58For every soldier killed, four or five were very seriously injured.
0:07:58 > 0:08:02Secretly, British spies were uncovering evidence that
0:08:02 > 0:08:05Afghanistan's neighbour, Pakistan - and its intelligence service,
0:08:05 > 0:08:09the ISI - were driving the Taliban resurgence.
0:08:09 > 0:08:16The British ambassador to Afghanistan was receiving the top-secret intelligence.
0:08:16 > 0:08:20We did know, I mean, extraordinary things like rotas for people
0:08:20 > 0:08:23to go back on training courses to Pakistan.
0:08:23 > 0:08:28The Taliban sending out instructions saying that so-and-so should
0:08:28 > 0:08:34report for a bomb-making course. And then regular rumours - never substantiated -
0:08:34 > 0:08:38that ISI officers were with the insurgents.
0:08:40 > 0:08:42The Pakistanis deny all such allegation.
0:08:42 > 0:08:46General Athar Abbas speaks for the Pakistani military,
0:08:46 > 0:08:48including the ISI.
0:08:49 > 0:08:52All the facts on the ground, the evidence,
0:08:52 > 0:08:56they all speak contrary to this perception that the state
0:08:56 > 0:09:01or the ISI is in support of these groups, is providing
0:09:01 > 0:09:06the sanctuaries, providing the material support, et cetera.
0:09:16 > 0:09:20Yet one Taliban commander tells a very different story.
0:09:20 > 0:09:25He claims that in 2008, he was ordered to go to a camp in Pakistan.
0:09:28 > 0:09:34TRANSLATION: It was a big valley by a green mountain
0:09:34 > 0:09:36and there were no buildings, only tents.
0:09:37 > 0:09:41Speaking for the first time, the commander who fights
0:09:41 > 0:09:45under the name Najib alleges that his training was overseen
0:09:45 > 0:09:50by officers from Pakistan's intelligence service, the ISI.
0:09:50 > 0:09:55He is still fighting Western forces and hid his face.
0:09:55 > 0:10:01TRANSLATION: The military would arrive in cars at 8am and leave at 4pm.
0:10:05 > 0:10:09They were wearing military uniforms, the uniforms of the ISI.
0:10:17 > 0:10:21The Taliban commander claims that the Pakistanis
0:10:21 > 0:10:24gave advanced training to thousands of fighters at the camp.
0:10:24 > 0:10:30A Taliban cameraman took these exclusive pictures at another training camp in Pakistan.
0:10:33 > 0:10:37TRANSLATION: The military commanders gave us
0:10:37 > 0:10:43specialised weapons training, both theoretically and practically.
0:10:47 > 0:10:51And we were shown how to fire at the enemy from different positions.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56That summer, in 2008,
0:10:56 > 0:11:01Taliban attacks in Afghanistan reached their highest level yet.
0:11:09 > 0:11:15When he left the camp, Commander Najib said he used his new skills to attack an American convoy.
0:11:20 > 0:11:22The tanks arrived.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30We prepared the ambush.
0:11:40 > 0:11:46The first passed, then the second, the third. I fired at it.
0:11:51 > 0:11:56The tank caught fire and there was an explosion inside it.
0:11:56 > 0:12:01All the people were killed, and we escaped.
0:12:09 > 0:12:13In the 1990s, Pakistan had helped create the Taliban,
0:12:13 > 0:12:20to prevent Afghanistan falling under the influence of India, Pakistan's enduring enemy.
0:12:20 > 0:12:23Support for the Taliban still ran through the highest levels
0:12:23 > 0:12:28of Pakistan's intelligence establishment.
0:12:28 > 0:12:31Eventually it is they who are going to be on our borders.
0:12:31 > 0:12:34We have to co-exist with them, we have to learn to live with them.
0:12:34 > 0:12:39Can we afford to have a hostile Afghanistan on our back?
0:12:39 > 0:12:41No, we cannot.
0:12:41 > 0:12:44The collective wisdom of the nation says
0:12:44 > 0:12:48we must continue to have good linkages with the Taliban.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50It is in Pakistan's national interest,
0:12:50 > 0:12:56and I think everybody knows that it is in Pakistan's national interest.
0:12:56 > 0:12:59The Afghan president, Hamid Karzai,
0:12:59 > 0:13:02monitored the Taliban resurgence with dismay.
0:13:02 > 0:13:07He constantly warned his Western allies that Pakistan was to blame.
0:13:10 > 0:13:14Like so many things with Karzai, he exaggerated,
0:13:14 > 0:13:17he got it out of proportion, he was paranoid.
0:13:20 > 0:13:23But he was right to be worried about Pakistan.
0:13:23 > 0:13:29We were wrong to be quite as dismissive as we were about those concerns.
0:13:36 > 0:13:40But by 2008, those concerns could no longer be dismissed.
0:13:42 > 0:13:47Rising casualties meant that Pakistan's role came under ever-closer scrutiny.
0:13:55 > 0:13:59Mary Beth Long was in charge of coordinating America's policy
0:13:59 > 0:14:01with that of its NATO allies.
0:14:03 > 0:14:05It was clear,
0:14:05 > 0:14:06particularly to the soldiers
0:14:06 > 0:14:11and to the leaders of the guys on the ground, in the field,
0:14:11 > 0:14:15that Pakistani lack of critical involvement
0:14:15 > 0:14:23was resulting in deaths of Afghan police in larger numbers than probably anything,
0:14:23 > 0:14:29Afghan national army, but Canadians, Dutch, Brits and US,
0:14:29 > 0:14:34and the maiming, in particular, of even more.
0:14:35 > 0:14:38Yet, for the moment, neither America, nor its allies,
0:14:38 > 0:14:43wanted to confront the possibility that Pakistan was double-crossing them.
0:14:44 > 0:14:49Somehow, because the Pakistani dimension was too difficult,
0:14:49 > 0:14:51too enormous, we just sort of shut it out,
0:14:51 > 0:14:56and pretended that by pushing the insurgents around Helmand,
0:14:56 > 0:15:00or out of bits of Helmand, that was somehow solving the problem.
0:15:01 > 0:15:05But Pakistan's double game was about to become impossible to ignore.
0:15:07 > 0:15:12Ahmed Jawad was a shopkeeper who worked opposite the Indian embassy
0:15:12 > 0:15:14in the Afghan capital of Kabul.
0:16:03 > 0:16:07EXPLOSION
0:16:23 > 0:16:25SIRENS BLARE
0:16:29 > 0:16:33I remember being in my embassy, hearing the explosion,
0:16:33 > 0:16:35feeling the shockwaves,
0:16:35 > 0:16:41then seeing the vast pall of black smoke rising over central Kabul.
0:16:41 > 0:16:46It was a sophisticated attack, sophisticated because
0:16:46 > 0:16:52they had chosen the right time to cause maximum casualties.
0:16:56 > 0:16:59A suicide bomber had killed 58 people.
0:17:01 > 0:17:05Multiple sources of information, human sources,
0:17:05 > 0:17:08technical sources, circumstantial evidence,
0:17:08 > 0:17:15all combined making us believe it was the work of Haqqani Network.
0:17:18 > 0:17:22Jalaluddin Haqqani was the leader of the most lethal Taliban faction.
0:17:22 > 0:17:25The Haqqani group had brought
0:17:25 > 0:17:29the tactic of suicide bombs to Afghanistan.
0:17:29 > 0:17:32This was one of their attacks on a military base.
0:17:41 > 0:17:46In the 1980s, the ISI had funnelled American arms to Haqqani
0:17:46 > 0:17:49to fight the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.
0:17:49 > 0:17:53General Hamid Gul had directed that operation.
0:17:54 > 0:17:58Haqqani's a wonderful man. He's a very, very... He is not ambitious.
0:17:58 > 0:18:02He doesn't want to rule, he doesn't want to control things.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05Those people who came in contact with him,
0:18:05 > 0:18:09they have great, high regard for him, for his character qualities,
0:18:09 > 0:18:12for his truthfulness,
0:18:12 > 0:18:17for his steadfastness, I would say.
0:18:18 > 0:18:23It seemed Haqqani's close relationship with the ISI had continued.
0:18:23 > 0:18:26Just before the attack on the Indian embassy,
0:18:26 > 0:18:29American intelligence agencies intercepted calls between
0:18:29 > 0:18:34senior ISI officials and Haqqani fighters planning a major operation.
0:18:34 > 0:18:38Mike Waltz saw the intelligence.
0:18:38 > 0:18:42Through information and a series of events,
0:18:42 > 0:18:46it became pretty clear that the Pakistanis
0:18:46 > 0:18:49were behind the Haqqani Network, which was behind the bombing.
0:18:49 > 0:18:55A question was being answered of how high in the Pakistani state this went.
0:18:55 > 0:19:03And the answer was pretty high. That, to many of us, was something that crossed the line.
0:19:04 > 0:19:10What we're talking about is a small cell in the ISI,
0:19:10 > 0:19:13never knowingly exposed to Western eyes,
0:19:13 > 0:19:18who are in touch with the Taliban, with the Haqqani Network.
0:19:18 > 0:19:22It is the most secret of the many secrets in Pakistan.
0:19:28 > 0:19:33The bombing of the Indian embassy was a turning point.
0:19:33 > 0:19:36From that moment, the NATO allies, above all America,
0:19:36 > 0:19:42no longer trusted Pakistan to fight alongside them against the Taliban.
0:19:42 > 0:19:46I think finally people had started to run out of steam, frankly.
0:19:46 > 0:19:51It became clear that whatever it was we thought we could do, we weren't getting there.
0:19:51 > 0:19:55The frustration of our inability to be effective otherwise
0:19:55 > 0:19:57turned the administration and the leadership to say,
0:19:57 > 0:19:59OK, what other tools do we have in our toolbox?
0:20:05 > 0:20:07For the first time,
0:20:07 > 0:20:11US special forces were authorised to mount secret raids into Pakistan,
0:20:11 > 0:20:16still publicly a valued ally, to hunt down the Taliban and Al-Qaeda.
0:20:18 > 0:20:23The first target was near the Pakistani town of Angoor Adda.
0:20:25 > 0:20:30I heard it in the morning, on the radio or television or whatever.
0:20:30 > 0:20:35There was news that the American forces have crossed the border,
0:20:35 > 0:20:39they have gone to a hamlet kind of a place
0:20:39 > 0:20:42and they've killed some women and children.
0:20:49 > 0:20:52US officials claim the dead were Al-Qaeda fighters.
0:20:54 > 0:20:57There was outrage in Pakistan, which continued to deny
0:20:57 > 0:21:01any involvement in the bombing of the Indian embassy.
0:21:06 > 0:21:11Hypothetically, let's say even that the intelligence had contacts
0:21:11 > 0:21:17with the Haqqanis, it does not translate to the ISI helping
0:21:17 > 0:21:21the Haqqani group to do the bombing. Those are two different things.
0:21:21 > 0:21:28I was very perturbed, because I thought that the Americans have kind of crossed the red line.
0:21:28 > 0:21:32The Pakistanis turned off the supply lines
0:21:32 > 0:21:35for NATO forces in Afghanistan.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38In January 2009, 85% of everything
0:21:38 > 0:21:44every NATO soldier ate, drank and shot arrived via Pakistan.
0:21:44 > 0:21:47When the Pakistanis turned off the supply lines,
0:21:47 > 0:21:51we went onto half rations, just about immediately.
0:21:53 > 0:21:58In response, the Americans let it be known there would be no more raids.
0:21:58 > 0:22:01The first attempt to fight back against what America
0:22:01 > 0:22:05now saw as Pakistan's double game had failed.
0:22:06 > 0:22:10A new president would take up the challenge.
0:22:15 > 0:22:20PRESIDENT OBAMA: We know the challenges that tomorrow will bring
0:22:20 > 0:22:22are the greatest of our lifetime.
0:22:22 > 0:22:26President Barack Obama's key advisor on Afghanistan
0:22:26 > 0:22:28was a 30-year veteran of the CIA.
0:22:28 > 0:22:32The United States and its NATO allies faced catastrophic
0:22:32 > 0:22:37defeat in Afghanistan, a war that was being lost,
0:22:37 > 0:22:40and being lost at a very rapid pace.
0:22:40 > 0:22:44Trying to turn that situation round was an urgent calling.
0:22:45 > 0:22:50Now, an atrocity unfolded that proved to the new president
0:22:50 > 0:22:54that Pakistan and its institutions were out of control.
0:22:54 > 0:22:59I began telling the president-elect that everything pointed back to Pakistan.
0:22:59 > 0:23:01It was a defining moment.
0:23:03 > 0:23:06GUNFIRE
0:23:07 > 0:23:12Ten gunmen rampaged through the Indian city of Mumbai,
0:23:12 > 0:23:14killing 170 people.
0:23:16 > 0:23:21The gunmen were from a Pakistani militant group, Lashkar-e-Taiba.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24This had the signature of Lashkar-e-Taiba all over it,
0:23:24 > 0:23:27from the very moment the attacks began,
0:23:27 > 0:23:31and once you linked it back to Lashkar-e-Taiba,
0:23:31 > 0:23:35you linked it back to the Pakistani intelligence service.
0:23:35 > 0:23:41Pakistani intelligence, the ISI, had founded Lashkar-e-Taiba to fight its arch-enemy, India.
0:23:41 > 0:23:46But Pakistan claimed it had nothing to do with the Mumbai attack.
0:23:46 > 0:23:49I said obviously even we understand
0:23:49 > 0:23:53that there were links back with Pakistan,
0:23:53 > 0:23:54there's no two things about it.
0:23:54 > 0:23:57But then linking it with the government, the ISI?
0:23:57 > 0:24:01That is where we disagree, and we say no, there were no links.
0:24:04 > 0:24:10The CIA later received intelligence that is said showed the ISI
0:24:10 > 0:24:14were directly involved in training the Mumbai gunmen.
0:24:18 > 0:24:21President Obama had already decided to act.
0:24:21 > 0:24:24The phone rang and a familiar voice came on and said,
0:24:24 > 0:24:28"Hi, Bruce, it's Barack. I have an offer for you."
0:24:30 > 0:24:33Riedel was asked to investigate the secret Pakistan,
0:24:33 > 0:24:36hidden from the West.
0:24:39 > 0:24:43He reviewed every scrap of intelligence America had
0:24:43 > 0:24:47about Pakistan's involvement with terrorist groups and, above all, the Taliban.
0:24:53 > 0:24:57Our own intelligence was unequivocal.
0:24:57 > 0:25:02In Afghanistan, we saw an insurgency that was not only getting
0:25:02 > 0:25:05passive support from the Pakistani army
0:25:05 > 0:25:10and the Pakistani intelligence service, the ISI, but getting active support.
0:25:10 > 0:25:13Pakistan was raising money, it was training the Taliban,
0:25:13 > 0:25:20even sending in experts with the Taliban for attacks on NATO forces.
0:25:20 > 0:25:25In Riedel's opinion, the powerful ISI was the key player.
0:25:26 > 0:25:30It operates from this headquarters in Islamabad.
0:25:30 > 0:25:34The ISI is part of the military. Its agents are mostly soldiers
0:25:34 > 0:25:37and it's always commanded by a senior general.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42The ISI is a professional intelligence agency.
0:25:42 > 0:25:44People don't go blowing up other countries' embassies
0:25:44 > 0:25:49or giving guns and money to terrorists
0:25:49 > 0:25:53without the authority of the head of the Pakistani army - chief of army staff.
0:25:53 > 0:26:00The notion that the ISI is some kind of rogue organisation is a myth.
0:26:02 > 0:26:05In March 2009, on board Air Force One,
0:26:05 > 0:26:10Bruce Riedel presented his findings to President Obama.
0:26:10 > 0:26:14I spoke pretty much nonstop for about 45 minutes
0:26:14 > 0:26:18and then we spent an hour, hour-and-a-half, talking about it.
0:26:20 > 0:26:24I told the President that Pakistan was double-dealing us
0:26:24 > 0:26:28and that the Pakistanis had been double-dealing the United States and its allies
0:26:28 > 0:26:32for years and years, and they were probably going to continue to do so.
0:26:34 > 0:26:37Even as Bruce Riedel was briefing President Obama,
0:26:37 > 0:26:40one American was gaining a remarkable insight
0:26:40 > 0:26:44into the relationship between Pakistan and the Taliban.
0:26:49 > 0:26:53David Rohde was a senior correspondent for the New York Times.
0:26:56 > 0:26:59He had arranged an interview with a Taliban commander,
0:26:59 > 0:27:02south of the Afghan capital, Kabul.
0:27:04 > 0:27:05We rounded a corner
0:27:05 > 0:27:08and there was a car blocking the road in front of us.
0:27:08 > 0:27:10We stopped, two gunmen rounded our vehicle,
0:27:10 > 0:27:13they've each got a Kalashnikov, they're shouting commands.
0:27:13 > 0:27:17And then these two Taliban gunmen jump in the front seat
0:27:17 > 0:27:20and they start speeding down the road.
0:27:20 > 0:27:23For days, the kidnappers drove across Afghanistan,
0:27:23 > 0:27:26evading the US and Afghan forces hunting them.
0:27:29 > 0:27:32We were moved into this new car and it struck me
0:27:32 > 0:27:37immediately that we started driving down the left-hand side of the road.
0:27:42 > 0:27:48David Rohde was in Pakistan, in the border province of North Waziristan.
0:27:48 > 0:27:50What shocked and deeply depressed me
0:27:50 > 0:27:54was that all along the main highway, every single Pakistani check post
0:27:54 > 0:27:59that should have been manned by some sort of Pakistani security force
0:27:59 > 0:28:02had been completely abandoned and, instead of Pakistani soldiers,
0:28:02 > 0:28:07or militia standing there, it was a young Taliban with a Kalashnikov.
0:28:07 > 0:28:11There were Taliban road crews repairing the local roads,
0:28:11 > 0:28:14there were Taliban police cruising around,
0:28:14 > 0:28:18and I frankly remember thinking, you know, we're dead.
0:28:18 > 0:28:22Rohde had been abducted by the Haqqani Network,
0:28:22 > 0:28:26the Taliban faction headed by Jalaluddin Haqqani,
0:28:26 > 0:28:30the man believed to be behind the bombing of the Indian embassy.
0:28:33 > 0:28:38For seven months, Rohde was moved between different safe houses.
0:28:38 > 0:28:44Once, he was being driven by Haqqani's son when they encountered a Pakistani army convoy.
0:28:44 > 0:28:49Badruddin Haqqani stepped out of the vehicle and he actually waved at the Pakistani soldiers.
0:28:49 > 0:28:51He got back into the car and explained
0:28:51 > 0:28:55there was a truce between the Taliban and the Pakistani army
0:28:55 > 0:29:00and that Taliban vehicles had to pull over and only the driver had to get out, and that was it.
0:29:00 > 0:29:05Rohde was eventually imprisoned in the Pakistani town of Miranshah.
0:29:05 > 0:29:08When we were held in Miranshah, my guards actually took
0:29:08 > 0:29:13bomb-making classes from Uzbek militants that were in this town.
0:29:13 > 0:29:17These enormous explosions would go off in the middle of town,
0:29:17 > 0:29:19as part of these classes, and there was a local Pakistani
0:29:19 > 0:29:24military base and the Pakistanis never came off the base
0:29:24 > 0:29:27to investigate what was happening in the town.
0:29:29 > 0:29:32He and his translator devised a plan to escape.
0:29:35 > 0:29:40One night, their guards fell asleep, and they saw their chance.
0:29:40 > 0:29:43I remember whispering to my Afghan colleague and he said,
0:29:43 > 0:29:45"Go get the rope."
0:29:51 > 0:29:56Together, they climbed over the wall and crept through the sleeping town.
0:29:57 > 0:30:02They reached the Pakistani army base in the centre of Miranshah.
0:30:02 > 0:30:06The captain in charge quickly had them flown to safety.
0:30:09 > 0:30:12Later, Pakistani intelligence, the ISI, arrived to investigate.
0:30:12 > 0:30:19Rohde learned the agents did not arrest his Taliban kidnappers from the Haqqani Network.
0:30:19 > 0:30:22Instead, they tried to discover how he had escaped.
0:30:24 > 0:30:28The Haqqanis took the guards who were asleep that night
0:30:28 > 0:30:30when we escaped and handed them to over to the ISI,
0:30:30 > 0:30:32to Pakistani military intelligence.
0:30:32 > 0:30:36And the ISI then tortured our guards very badly,
0:30:36 > 0:30:40and the question the ISI asked him wasn't why did you kidnap
0:30:40 > 0:30:44this unarmed American journalist after inviting him to an interview?
0:30:44 > 0:30:47Instead, the question the ISI kept asking the guard was,
0:30:47 > 0:30:52"Did your family get paid a ransom and you cheated the Haqqanis out of the money?"
0:30:54 > 0:30:59US diplomats added David Rohde's experiences to the charge sheet against Pakistan.
0:30:59 > 0:31:02We would raise these issues in Pakistan
0:31:02 > 0:31:04in very subtle ways and say,
0:31:04 > 0:31:07well, you know, how could it be possible that the Haqqanis
0:31:07 > 0:31:09are in Miranshah
0:31:09 > 0:31:12and there is a military compound just down the road?
0:31:12 > 0:31:16And let the Pakistanis basically, you know, stew in this.
0:31:21 > 0:31:25Pakistan insisted it WAS battling extremism.
0:31:25 > 0:31:32By now, its cities were under attack from Pakistani militant groups who wanted to overthrow the government.
0:31:35 > 0:31:40They accused it of going too far to appease the Americans.
0:31:40 > 0:31:46In 2009, they launched 60 suicide attacks, killing over 2,000 civilians.
0:31:51 > 0:31:54One militant, now in jail in Karachi,
0:31:54 > 0:31:58reveals the savagery of the struggle.
0:31:59 > 0:32:02He recruited children to be suicide bombers.
0:32:04 > 0:32:08TRANSLATION: Young boys are easier to prepare than older men.
0:32:08 > 0:32:13We are good friends to them, teach them and then brainwash them.
0:32:13 > 0:32:16We also use them to raise funding.
0:32:19 > 0:32:24I have sent five boys to the jihad. Three of them were killed.
0:32:27 > 0:32:33In spring 2009, the militants, who called themselves the Pakistani Taliban,
0:32:33 > 0:32:38had advanced to within 60 miles of the capital, Islamabad.
0:32:38 > 0:32:42The Pakistani army launched a ferocious counter-offensive.
0:32:55 > 0:33:01We have around 5,000 officers and soldiers who have given their lives.
0:33:01 > 0:33:04We have over 9,000 people
0:33:04 > 0:33:08who are with serious injuries. Many of them have lost their limbs.
0:33:10 > 0:33:14But, to American frustration, the Pakistani military
0:33:14 > 0:33:17had not confronted the Afghan Taliban fighters,
0:33:17 > 0:33:21who continued to attack the Americans in Afghanistan.
0:33:26 > 0:33:29My response was, "Listen, people,
0:33:29 > 0:33:33"there's so many people we can take on,
0:33:33 > 0:33:35"and we can't take on the whole world.
0:33:35 > 0:33:41"Why should Pakistan go after an Afghan Taliban group which is
0:33:41 > 0:33:44"not doing anything against Pakistan, just because the US says?"
0:33:44 > 0:33:47It doesn't work that way.
0:33:51 > 0:33:56By the end of 2009, America feared it might be defeated in Afghanistan.
0:33:56 > 0:34:01PRESIDENT OBAMA: I have determined that it is in our vital national interest
0:34:01 > 0:34:05to send an additional 30,000 US troops to Afghanistan.
0:34:05 > 0:34:10The US administration hoped its determination would persuade
0:34:10 > 0:34:14Pakistan to stop giving sanctuary and aid to the Afghan Taliban.
0:34:19 > 0:34:24PRESIDENT OBAMA: After 18 months, our troops will begin to come home.
0:34:24 > 0:34:31Yet President Obama's deadline meant the Taliban believed victory was in reach.
0:34:33 > 0:34:35One Taliban commander, Najib,
0:34:35 > 0:34:41alleges that after Obama's announcement, the support he received actually increased.
0:34:45 > 0:34:50TRANSLATION: Because Obama put more troops into Afghanistan
0:34:50 > 0:34:56and increased the operations here, so Pakistan support for us increased as well.
0:34:59 > 0:35:01It increased a great deal.
0:35:05 > 0:35:08He described the contents of a single supply truck
0:35:08 > 0:35:11he claims the Pakistanis delivered to his group.
0:35:14 > 0:35:17500 land mines with remote controls,
0:35:17 > 0:35:2220 rocket-propelled grenade launchers...
0:35:22 > 0:35:26with 2,000 to 3,000 grenades.
0:35:28 > 0:35:32They brought AK-47s, machine guns and rockets.
0:35:36 > 0:35:40To this day, the supplies have had a dramatic effect
0:35:40 > 0:35:42on his unit's fighting strength.
0:35:44 > 0:35:50Eight years ago, we were a group of 30 people, without even ten AK-47s.
0:35:50 > 0:35:55Today, we are still 30 people, but we have 30 AK-47s,
0:35:55 > 0:35:59ten rocket-propelled grenade launchers and ten machine guns.
0:36:04 > 0:36:10I believe in the last eight years, we have grown by about 80%.
0:36:13 > 0:36:17NATO began to use its extra forces in a vast campaign
0:36:17 > 0:36:22to kill or capture Taliban commanders inside Afghanistan.
0:36:22 > 0:36:25Mike Waltz had left the White House to deploy with
0:36:25 > 0:36:30US Special Forces on the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
0:36:30 > 0:36:35He claims the Pakistani military actively aided the Taliban.
0:36:35 > 0:36:38When we were operating near a Pakistani military post,
0:36:38 > 0:36:41they would often flash signal lights and we could see them
0:36:41 > 0:36:46from ridge line to ridge line, then a series of signals and then,
0:36:46 > 0:36:50mysteriously, the folks we thought we were going to interact with
0:36:50 > 0:36:52were gone.
0:36:52 > 0:36:55The Pakistani military was clearly signalling with folks
0:36:55 > 0:37:00up in the mountains, which we knew were insurgents.
0:37:02 > 0:37:04Yes, yes!
0:37:06 > 0:37:10America wanted to take the fight into the Taliban sanctuaries.
0:37:14 > 0:37:18During his investigation of Pakistan's double game,
0:37:18 > 0:37:24Bruce Riedel had been told by the president to consider every option.
0:37:24 > 0:37:26We could invade Pakistan, we could go to war,
0:37:26 > 0:37:29we could compel it to change its behaviour.
0:37:29 > 0:37:30It sounds ridiculous,
0:37:30 > 0:37:35but we'd already invaded two Muslim countries in the last eight years - we could invade another one.
0:37:35 > 0:37:41Except that this country has the fastest-growing nuclear arsenal in the world.
0:37:45 > 0:37:49Instead, Obama turned to one of America's most secret weapons...
0:37:54 > 0:37:57..bombing Pakistan with unmanned drones.
0:37:58 > 0:38:03While held captive, the journalist David Rohde experienced the new tactic.
0:38:03 > 0:38:07One of the most dangerous days was when there was a drone strike,
0:38:07 > 0:38:09just roughly 50 to 100 yards from our house.
0:38:09 > 0:38:14It was enormous, it shook the walls of the house we were in.
0:38:14 > 0:38:18The drone strike had killed seven militants,
0:38:18 > 0:38:22and the guards were furious. I later found out they were saying,
0:38:22 > 0:38:28"Let's take him down to the site of the drone attack and behead him and video-tape it in revenge."
0:38:34 > 0:38:37In President Obama's first year in office,
0:38:37 > 0:38:44there were an estimated 53 drone strikes inside Pakistan, more than the previous five years combined.
0:38:46 > 0:38:48At the beginning of the drone operations,
0:38:48 > 0:38:53we gave Pakistan advanced tip-off of where we were going
0:38:53 > 0:38:56and every single time, the target wasn't there any more.
0:38:56 > 0:39:01You didn't have to be Sherlock Holmes to put the dots together.
0:39:02 > 0:39:06The problem with the drone attacks is the overwhelming
0:39:06 > 0:39:10population of Pakistan thinks they are terrible.
0:39:10 > 0:39:13So, just because of that, I think the cost is too heavy,
0:39:13 > 0:39:14even if they are accurate.
0:39:16 > 0:39:20EXPLOSION
0:39:20 > 0:39:22CHANTING: USA out!
0:39:24 > 0:39:29Anti-American demonstrators took to the street.
0:39:29 > 0:39:33At the start of 2011, they found a new cause.
0:39:33 > 0:39:37In mysterious circumstances, an American, Raymond Davis,
0:39:37 > 0:39:40killed two men in the Pakistani city of Lahore.
0:39:42 > 0:39:45The incident would give a glimpse of a secret war
0:39:45 > 0:39:48being fought inside Pakistan by the CIA.
0:39:50 > 0:39:53The men were killed during rush hour, on this main road.
0:40:47 > 0:40:50The two men died. Davis was arrested.
0:40:53 > 0:40:57Off the record, US officials admitted Davis worked for the CIA.
0:40:59 > 0:41:07Similarly, Pakistani officials have hinted the men he killed were ISI agents, tracking his movements.
0:41:07 > 0:41:12Once, the two spy agencies would've quietly settled this between each other.
0:41:12 > 0:41:15Not any more.
0:41:15 > 0:41:18I think he should've been put to trial.
0:41:18 > 0:41:21But, unfortunately, in the United States,
0:41:21 > 0:41:24even the President of the United States went on the TV
0:41:24 > 0:41:29and told lies when he said that he had diplomatic immunity. He was not a diplomat!
0:41:32 > 0:41:36And I understood that what they wanted to do was make the Raymond Davis issue
0:41:36 > 0:41:41so painful for us that we would not want to do that any more.
0:41:41 > 0:41:48This is an effort by the ISI to roll back the CIA presence in Pakistan.
0:41:52 > 0:41:56Eventually, the Pakistanis released Raymond Davis.
0:41:56 > 0:42:00But the incident hinted at a more significant story.
0:42:02 > 0:42:07The CIA had secretly flooded Pakistan with hundreds of undercover agents.
0:42:10 > 0:42:16America wanted to bypass the ISI in its war against Al-Qaeda and the Taliban.
0:42:18 > 0:42:22The Pakistanis wised up to what was going on a little too late.
0:42:22 > 0:42:26While the Raymond Davis controversy raged,
0:42:26 > 0:42:30CIA agents were secretly carrying out a major surveillance operation.
0:42:32 > 0:42:35PRESIDENT OBAMA: Tonight, I can report to the American people -
0:42:35 > 0:42:39and to the world - that the United States has conducted
0:42:39 > 0:42:44an operation that killed Osama Bin Laden, the leader of Al-Qaeda.
0:42:44 > 0:42:47We had located Bin Laden hiding within a compound,
0:42:47 > 0:42:49deep inside Pakistan.
0:42:54 > 0:42:57The news that every step of the operation had been kept secret
0:42:57 > 0:43:05from Pakistan revealed to the world that America had lost all trust in its supposed ally.
0:43:07 > 0:43:12To realise that Mr Osama Bin Laden is in my home town,
0:43:12 > 0:43:18where I grew up, born, bred, studied, er... I mean, we should have known. We didn't.
0:43:18 > 0:43:22It is definitely an intelligence failure,
0:43:22 > 0:43:28but whoever selected that place was very smart.
0:43:28 > 0:43:31They were living literally under our nose.
0:43:34 > 0:43:40The relationship between America and Pakistan now verges on outright hostility.
0:43:42 > 0:43:49There is no smoking gun at this point. But, in many ways, this question is now a dark cloud
0:43:49 > 0:43:53that hangs over the US-Pakistani relationship.
0:43:53 > 0:43:59Was the ISI clueless or complicit? We may never know the answer.
0:43:59 > 0:44:02We may have to live in this ambiguity.
0:44:02 > 0:44:09Killing Bin Laden was the reason America had attacked Afghanistan and overthrown the Taliban.
0:44:09 > 0:44:16But in the ten years since 9/11, that war had taken on a life of its own.
0:44:16 > 0:44:18The real military threat
0:44:18 > 0:44:21is the Taliban, is a serious insurgency
0:44:21 > 0:44:25that's got nothing to do with Bin Laden.
0:44:25 > 0:44:30Bin Laden, in operational terms, is utterly, spectacularly irrelevant.
0:44:43 > 0:44:48TRANSLATION: What difference does it make if he's alive or dead?
0:44:48 > 0:44:5120, 40, 100 people like Osama die every day.
0:44:54 > 0:44:59Mullah Azizullah claims Pakistan's support for his insurgent group has not wavered.
0:45:03 > 0:45:06We planted land mines on the road.
0:45:06 > 0:45:10The convoy was heading towards Nerkh.
0:45:11 > 0:45:15This propaganda video, shot earlier this year,
0:45:15 > 0:45:18is one of many showing similar operations.
0:45:20 > 0:45:23The person who was responsible detonated the mine.
0:45:28 > 0:45:31He destroyed the tank and its crew.
0:45:39 > 0:45:44This is one place where Mullah Azizullah's claims can be put to the test.
0:45:51 > 0:45:54The Afghan province of Paktika borders the Pakistani
0:45:54 > 0:45:59sanctuaries of some of the Taliban's most lethal factions.
0:46:01 > 0:46:04Forward Operating Base Tillman is right on the border.
0:46:06 > 0:46:11It is the home of D Company, of the American 101st Airborne Division.
0:46:14 > 0:46:17Most days, the base comes under rocket fire,
0:46:17 > 0:46:22sometimes from Afghanistan, sometimes Pakistan.
0:46:22 > 0:46:27The soldiers are authorised to fire into Pakistan
0:46:27 > 0:46:29if their lives are threatened.
0:46:32 > 0:46:36The remoteness of the base and the presence of Taliban fighters
0:46:36 > 0:46:39means supplies have to be brought in by air.
0:46:53 > 0:46:57D Company's mission was to stop Taliban fighters crossing
0:46:57 > 0:47:00the border from their sanctuaries in Pakistan.
0:47:00 > 0:47:04They patrolled what they call the infiltration routes every day.
0:47:07 > 0:47:11After three or four hours of walking round here,
0:47:11 > 0:47:14your legs and arms are shaking, everything hurts,
0:47:14 > 0:47:17but you've got to keep going. No-one's going to come get you.
0:47:21 > 0:47:25Any time we go near the border, we plan on getting a fight,
0:47:25 > 0:47:27almost automatically.
0:47:37 > 0:47:41They see us coming, they position themselves, hit us,
0:47:41 > 0:47:46then they run back across the border, there's nothing we can do.
0:47:48 > 0:47:52Did you notice any difference at all when Osama Bin Laden was killed?
0:47:52 > 0:47:57Actually, I haven't. I haven't noticed any difference since he's been killed.
0:47:59 > 0:48:00Since Bin Laden's death,
0:48:00 > 0:48:04over 250 coalition troops have died in Afghanistan.
0:48:07 > 0:48:10The commander of D Company, Captain Edwin Churchill,
0:48:10 > 0:48:15says he doesn't get the help he needs from the Pakistani military.
0:48:15 > 0:48:18And, that as long as the sanctuaries remain,
0:48:18 > 0:48:22there is only so much US forces can achieve.
0:48:22 > 0:48:26As long as they have a seemingly endless supply of equipment
0:48:26 > 0:48:30and fighters, better sheltered, away from what we can do,
0:48:30 > 0:48:34we are limited in how much we can get done.
0:48:34 > 0:48:38They're not the only ones getting hurt, wounded and killed in the process.
0:48:54 > 0:48:56For the moment, a military resolution
0:48:56 > 0:49:01to the conflict in Afghanistan is beyond the reach of either side.
0:49:02 > 0:49:05Talking may be the only way to end the war,
0:49:05 > 0:49:11and the death of Bin Laden has raised hopes that talks could succeed.
0:49:14 > 0:49:20For two decades, Michael Semple worked for the UN in Afghanistan.
0:49:20 > 0:49:24He has remarkable contacts with Taliban commanders.
0:49:24 > 0:49:27I've heard directly from senior Taliban
0:49:27 > 0:49:32that the removal of Osama will make an eventual deal much easier
0:49:32 > 0:49:38to achieve, because the US demand for the handover of Osama has been
0:49:38 > 0:49:43item one on their agenda for dealing with the Taliban,
0:49:43 > 0:49:49which ensured they never got to any item two, three or four.
0:49:49 > 0:49:53The most difficult item, the one the Taliban felt unable to deal with,
0:49:53 > 0:49:55has just been taken off the agenda.
0:49:58 > 0:50:02The man who is currently Britain's top diplomat to Afghanistan
0:50:02 > 0:50:06and Pakistan testifies that cautious contacts are being made.
0:50:06 > 0:50:10What we have are some channels of communication open, some directly
0:50:10 > 0:50:12between the Afghan government
0:50:12 > 0:50:15and members of the Taliban leadership, and some others too,
0:50:15 > 0:50:18involving some international figures.
0:50:18 > 0:50:21It's at a very early and delicate stage,
0:50:21 > 0:50:25but I think there are genuine channels of communication.
0:50:25 > 0:50:28Those who claim that Pakistan's hidden hand has shaped
0:50:28 > 0:50:32the conflict fear the same is true of negotiations.
0:50:35 > 0:50:39Last year, in the Pakistani city of Karachi, Mullah Baradar,
0:50:39 > 0:50:43the Taliban's second in command, was captured by the ISI.
0:50:45 > 0:50:49Secretly, Baradar had made contact with the Afghan government
0:50:49 > 0:50:52to discuss a deal that would end the war.
0:50:52 > 0:50:55He had done so without the ISI's permission.
0:50:58 > 0:51:02The story I heard was that the Pakistanis were able to find
0:51:02 > 0:51:06and detain Baradar and their motive in doing so was to bring him back
0:51:06 > 0:51:13under control and to send a message that if you want to do a deal,
0:51:13 > 0:51:18you have to do it with Pakistan, you can't plough an independent furrow.
0:51:20 > 0:51:24Taliban commanders who want negotiations fear retaliation,
0:51:24 > 0:51:30not only from more hardline comrades, but also from Pakistan.
0:51:30 > 0:51:34Hawa Nooristani is a member of the High Peace Council,
0:51:34 > 0:51:40a group set up by the Afghan government to reach out to the Taliban.
0:51:40 > 0:51:45In September, its leader was assassinated by a suicide bomber.
0:52:03 > 0:52:07Recently, in Kabul, she went to a secret meeting.
0:52:21 > 0:52:25Waiting for her was a commander in the Haqqani Network.
0:52:27 > 0:52:28To her astonishment,
0:52:28 > 0:52:32he said he wanted to talk with the Afghan government.
0:52:43 > 0:52:48He said it was vital Pakistan intelligence knew nothing of the meeting.
0:53:08 > 0:53:15Well, I've certainly heard stories that pressure of that kind has been put on Taliban leaders.
0:53:15 > 0:53:18It's very difficult to know to what extent it is true, but, of course,
0:53:18 > 0:53:23like any country, they don't want a neighbour that is anything other than friendly to them.
0:53:23 > 0:53:28The ISI can certainly spoil any negotiations process.
0:53:29 > 0:53:32So far, there's very little sign that I've seen
0:53:32 > 0:53:36that Pakistan is interested in a political deal.
0:53:39 > 0:53:45There are claims that the ISI are pressing the Taliban to intensify their military campaign.
0:53:48 > 0:53:52In the cells of the Afghan intelligence service
0:53:52 > 0:53:55is a prisoner who alleges he was recruited by the ISI
0:53:55 > 0:53:59earlier this year and trained to be a suicide bomber.
0:53:59 > 0:54:03Even though he is in prison, he still fears for his life.
0:54:05 > 0:54:10TRANSLATION: The ISI buy boys from poor families.
0:54:11 > 0:54:16The young man alleges that preparations for his mission
0:54:16 > 0:54:19were overseen by an ISI officer in a camp in Pakistan.
0:54:21 > 0:54:24In the morning, we were taken for training.
0:54:24 > 0:54:29The Pakistani man said that in Afghanistan, there are non-believers.
0:54:29 > 0:54:31We are obliged to carry out jihad.
0:54:33 > 0:54:37After 15 days' training, he was ready to head to Afghanistan.
0:54:39 > 0:54:41There were three of us.
0:54:41 > 0:54:45We were put into a black vehicle, with black windows.
0:54:46 > 0:54:51The police did not stop the car, because it was obviously ISI.
0:54:51 > 0:54:56No-one dares stop their cars.
0:54:56 > 0:55:00We drove Landi Kotal, towards a mountain.
0:55:03 > 0:55:06The driver left us at first light.
0:55:06 > 0:55:10We walked the entire night, taking short breaks.
0:55:14 > 0:55:19At 8am, someone was waiting for us in the mountains near Jalalabad.
0:55:23 > 0:55:27They told me, "Find some police, or Afghan National Army."
0:55:28 > 0:55:35"Come for lunch, and you will receive your explosive waistcoat and then go and explode it."
0:55:38 > 0:55:40But I didn't want to do it,
0:55:40 > 0:55:45because my father is dead and my brothers are all younger than me.
0:55:46 > 0:55:52We are all Muslims, and this would have ruined my life in this world and the next.
0:55:56 > 0:55:59The young man's claims cannot be verified.
0:56:03 > 0:56:08Dozens of suicide attacks have been carried out in 2011,
0:56:08 > 0:56:12celebrated in Taliban videos like this one.
0:56:50 > 0:56:55In this series, Taliban commanders have revealed the vital role
0:56:55 > 0:57:00Pakistan has played and still plays in the battle for Afghanistan.
0:57:00 > 0:57:04TRANSLATION: Pakistan plays a significant role.
0:57:04 > 0:57:08First, they support us by providing a place to hide.
0:57:08 > 0:57:10Secondly, they provide us with weapons.
0:57:10 > 0:57:15In the coming months and years, Pakistan's hidden hand will shape
0:57:15 > 0:57:20the conflict in Afghanistan and the attempts to bring it to an end.
0:57:20 > 0:57:25We cannot disregard our long-term interests, because this is our own area.
0:57:26 > 0:57:29The point is, history changes.
0:57:29 > 0:57:32In history, you are friends with somebody today
0:57:32 > 0:57:35and you are mortal enemies with him tomorrow.
0:57:37 > 0:57:43As for Pakistan itself, there are those who fear that the forces unleashed in ten years' of war
0:57:43 > 0:57:46may yet come to haunt the whole world.
0:57:48 > 0:57:52There is probably no worse nightmare for America, Europe,
0:57:52 > 0:57:58the world, in the 21st century than a Pakistan that's out of control,
0:57:58 > 0:58:03under the influence of extremist Islamic forces, armed with nuclear weapons.
0:58:04 > 0:58:06The stakes here are huge.
0:58:08 > 0:58:10What happens in Pakistan
0:58:10 > 0:58:13may yet be the most enduring legacy of 9/11
0:58:13 > 0:58:16and the hunt for Osama Bin Laden.
0:58:32 > 0:58:36Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd
0:58:36 > 0:58:40E-mail subtitling@bbc.co.uk