:00:03. > :00:12.next take billionaires. We enter Silicon Valley where the smart
:00:12. > :00:18.money and the start-up can shape lives for decades to come.
:00:18. > :00:22.Silicon Valley, for the Greek gods of the future, this is the amount
:00:22. > :00:29.Olympics. Few places boast bigger names or more billionaires to the
:00:29. > :00:34.Square Mile. We are those crazed people who think that every idea
:00:34. > :00:41.can happen. Why is this ordinary place in San Francisco at the
:00:41. > :00:44.cutting edge? I think the Court of Silicon Valley is this creative
:00:44. > :00:48.energy, a desire to create technology used throughout the
:00:48. > :00:53.world. It could be the next iteration of computers smaller than
:00:53. > :00:57.a human hand. Or machines that think like human beings. An idea
:00:57. > :01:02.can become a billion dollar business. Companies do not focus on
:01:02. > :01:09.just proffered. The figures on the value of their users and the world.
:01:09. > :01:13.There is room for everyone to fail. The persistence and a try. Anything
:01:13. > :01:23.he's really possible in Silicon Valley. A few of the young, bright
:01:23. > :01:37.
:01:37. > :01:40.and ambitious will be the next tech So you want to make a billion
:01:40. > :01:45.dollars? You want to change the world? It is Silicon Valley. If you
:01:45. > :01:48.want to become a billionaire, this is the place to do it. You need a
:01:48. > :01:53.good idea and someone with a vast amount of money and ready to make a
:01:53. > :01:58.bet on you. There are a lot of rich people on Silicon Valley. They are
:01:58. > :02:03.looking for ideas and people with the right balance of brain power,
:02:03. > :02:08.drive and entrepreneurial spirit. This remarkable volley is there
:02:08. > :02:14.that night making happens. It may lock look much, there is a real
:02:15. > :02:20.energy and a lot to learn if you know the right person to ask.
:02:20. > :02:25.are in downtown. This is really the heart of modern Silicon Valley.
:02:25. > :02:31.This is the street on which Google started. This is and effectively of
:02:31. > :02:35.palm drive which goes right into Stanford University. So this is the
:02:35. > :02:39.place where so many. Comms got started. The centre of the internet
:02:39. > :02:45.in many ways. This person is an entrepreneur and mentor to those
:02:45. > :02:49.trying to suck up companies and was recently voted the guy in Silicon
:02:49. > :02:56.Valley people would most likely to have a be with. What is it about
:02:56. > :03:00.Silicon Valley that creates his energy? It is about having a
:03:00. > :03:04.critical mass of people who love doing. They can't help but build
:03:04. > :03:11.and be useful. They would have to go forward and help mentor other
:03:11. > :03:15.wood to create something that is useful. If I were to be a
:03:15. > :03:23.billionaire, move year? No question about it. It could be a good move
:03:23. > :03:28.to come here. In a quiet suburb in a leafy lane in Silicon Valley, a
:03:28. > :03:32.group of extraordinary people are trying to do just that. This is the
:03:32. > :03:36.black box mansion. Where those with big ideas come war all over the
:03:37. > :03:42.world to make connections. A house full of hope was searching for the
:03:42. > :03:46.angel investor who might just make them a billionaire. My name is
:03:47. > :03:52.Kevin. I'm from Uruguay. I'm from Germany. And Betjeman from Austria.
:03:52. > :03:56.I'm from Poland. And from Germany. For as you like to keep the ideas
:03:56. > :04:04.secret for now. It is known as stuff mode. It looks like working
:04:04. > :04:12.from bed. I'm Carlos from the Czech Republic. Ivan Silva killer. I am
:04:12. > :04:17.on entrepreneur. -- Sabatier. They have developed a mobile phone Apple.
:04:17. > :04:21.They held businesses on the move. They stumbled across black box on
:04:21. > :04:27.their way to Silicon Valley. came here with no connections. We
:04:27. > :04:32.needed money. We ran out of money from the previous projects. We met
:04:32. > :04:37.this -- the founder of black box. He made some it ructions. It is
:04:37. > :04:41.about not be you know but who news for you. -- introductions. He
:04:41. > :04:45.already -- he always says he knows broke of all but Obama does not
:04:46. > :04:52.know him. How does it make a difference to where you are now?
:04:52. > :04:56.were able to meet with other people from the field of expertise. And
:04:56. > :05:00.they were able to provide us with help and feedback and advice. We
:05:00. > :05:04.were not able to get this feedback in Europe. People are surprisingly
:05:04. > :05:09.open about their ideas. There is a secret source which makes this
:05:09. > :05:13.place even more special. Silicon Valley gives people to permission
:05:13. > :05:16.to payer -- defile. Most investors are willing to invest in
:05:16. > :05:23.entrepreneurs who failed it took risks and a comfortable in that
:05:23. > :05:29.process. It is like a big brother house for geeks. Yes. It was once
:05:29. > :05:32.described as the Playboy Mansion for geeks. People are happy when
:05:32. > :05:41.they are here because they meet other entrepreneurs from different
:05:41. > :05:45.parts of the world. The corporation is very enriching to this
:05:45. > :05:49.entrepreneurs can act of Silicon Valley. There have been enriched.
:05:49. > :05:53.Straight after the meeting, there had an interview. They went well.
:05:53. > :05:59.This will complete company for $20 million. There is a lot of money to
:05:59. > :06:03.be made around here. -- they sold the company.
:06:03. > :06:09.The Facebook story is the story of Silicon Valley success. Now it is
:06:09. > :06:15.betting on the next big thing. Inside the vast compass, there art
:06:15. > :06:19.adorns the hallways. There is a little corner reserved for a little
:06:19. > :06:25.company called Instagram. You might have used their photo application.
:06:25. > :06:32.A head full of people with a great idea. Facebook bought them for $0.5
:06:32. > :06:36.billion. Kevin helped profile and Instagram. He ran a billion dollar
:06:36. > :06:42.business in a few short years. are the calls to things about value
:06:42. > :06:45.right now is do can be in college and also a few years later have an
:06:45. > :06:49.application and a company that affects millions of people. It is
:06:49. > :06:52.humbling in many ways to realise that anyone in the valley can do
:06:52. > :06:56.that. That one of the most powerful things about living out here.
:06:56. > :07:06.Anyone with an idea has a chance to make it big by affecting many
:07:06. > :07:10.
:07:10. > :07:14.millions of people around the world. The cafes of Silicon Valley are
:07:14. > :07:19.where the hopefuls pitch and you reach listen. Where both sometimes
:07:19. > :07:24.strike gold. -- the rich. People recognise that bill in popular
:07:24. > :07:27.technology is difficult. Most people will fail. When you do
:07:27. > :07:34.succeed, you can quickly change the war. You can get hundreds of
:07:34. > :07:38.millions of users. 10 million users is the new one million users. That
:07:38. > :07:42.is true. The benchmark for success in a consumer software company is
:07:42. > :07:47.that 10 million people have used your product. If you think about
:07:47. > :07:53.that, the scale of what that means in terms of species level change
:07:53. > :07:58.and acted by a handful of people is pretty astonishing. Scale, spacious
:07:58. > :08:08.level change. A private start-up company based here at NASA's
:08:08. > :08:15.
:08:15. > :08:18.Silicon Valley Research lab is Bob Richards want to mine guru.
:08:18. > :08:24.focus of the engineering effort of the Express is that of course the
:08:24. > :08:28.lender itself. This is the prototype vehicle, but would result
:08:28. > :08:32.in collaboration with Nasser. It allows us to rapidly test and
:08:32. > :08:37.develop the software algorithms used to lend on the moon safely.
:08:37. > :08:41.The first step, winning $20 million in challenge money. To be the first
:08:41. > :08:47.to land on the surface, deployed a robot and a son back pictures by
:08:47. > :08:51.2015. This is very high-tech. Most of the topology is actually the
:08:51. > :08:55.stuff you cannot see. The algorithms and software. He
:08:55. > :09:00.intelligence in the vehicle. This is though the proportion system is
:09:00. > :09:06.tested. The vehicle has to learn how to land on the moon itself.
:09:06. > :09:11.There is too much to -- too much delay control and it from Earth.
:09:11. > :09:16.This is the corporate plan to mind the Moon. The Moon is has a things
:09:16. > :09:19.we have not discovered get. There could be more platter metals on the
:09:19. > :09:23.surface of the moon and all the reserves on earth. There is water
:09:23. > :09:30.on the moon. It is again George Hill for the Solar System. What is
:09:30. > :09:34.rocket fuel. -- gang changer. It can support life and agriculture.
:09:34. > :09:44.It is the first step to making the bin part of our world. What
:09:44. > :09:44.
:09:44. > :09:52.Sunday in the future, we want to have a more to planetary Society.
:09:52. > :09:56.This person is the million backing the moon Express. He once advised -
:09:56. > :10:04.- he has advice for those who want to be billionaires. The way you
:10:04. > :10:08.make billionaire companies is really easy. Use of 100 billion
:10:08. > :10:11.dollar problem. You can't create a billion-dollar company Bussleton a
:10:12. > :10:16.million dollar problem. Education and healthcare and clean energy and
:10:16. > :10:21.clean water. These are his hundred billion dollar problems. As a vital
:10:21. > :10:26.part of Silicon Valley, the engine driving all this energy and ideas,
:10:26. > :10:33.Stanford University. Were the idealism of youth has his space to
:10:33. > :10:38.think that big, to really ask what They call this university the farm.
:10:38. > :10:42.It is a great big name, given the close Russia could have with your
:10:42. > :10:51.money and the technological innovation of Silicon Valley. The
:10:51. > :10:59.brains of grow here. Quantum physicists are making huge steps to
:10:59. > :11:03.what is a mystery Science. Technology is that in aid. Such is
:11:03. > :11:07.the importance of carbon manager does. An amazing material, not just
:11:07. > :11:13.the drugs sold since we have ever discovered but a key component of
:11:14. > :11:23.computers of the future. -- carbon tubes. You have to be dressed bride
:11:24. > :11:30.
:11:30. > :11:36.How is that? It looks good. looks perfect. What is it yellow in
:11:36. > :11:40.here? This is where we do all of our photo. All of this in this room
:11:40. > :11:45.is light sensitive. He got his degree last year. He is developing
:11:45. > :11:50.not only a microcomputer but anatomic size computer, made of
:11:50. > :11:55.carbon manic tubes. Silicon chips cannot be made any smaller. That is
:11:55. > :12:00.when Nano chip technology will step in. Computers can continue to
:12:00. > :12:06.strike in size but also expand in power. What it and any cheap? In is
:12:06. > :12:10.basically a straw or cheap. It is made of carbon atom so. They are
:12:10. > :12:15.extremely small. 150 thousandths of a diet of a human ear. There are
:12:15. > :12:21.lots of them on this disc. They are too tiny to see through a powerful
:12:21. > :12:25.microscope. He using the materials that were work on, we should be
:12:25. > :12:30.able to use a very highly energy efficient and fast and a chronic
:12:30. > :12:38.system. Hopefully, your computer will be able to run a lot faster.
:12:38. > :12:48.Walton rated less heat and energy. -- using less energy. Stanford
:12:48. > :12:51.
:12:52. > :12:57.University has a one -- remarkable Entrepreneurs have taken ideas from
:12:57. > :13:05.the company and turn them into companies like Phillip Parker,
:13:05. > :13:09.Google, Yahoo. -- Hewlett-Packard. It is an ongoing relationship.
:13:10. > :13:14.person is the President of Stamford. He is on the board of directors for
:13:14. > :13:20.Google. He's University raised $1 billion of funding in one ear. The
:13:20. > :13:27.first time that has ever been done. There is a healthy embracing of
:13:27. > :13:31.entrepreneurial tradition. And make a difference in the world. There is
:13:31. > :13:36.a good dose of realism about it. Students understand that great
:13:36. > :13:40.companies are built around a great discoveries and inventions. Not
:13:40. > :13:44.just around, I want to be an entrepreneur, therefore I am
:13:44. > :13:49.successful. That does not do it. Unique that fundamental discovery
:13:49. > :13:52.or invention that sets you apart. But appreciation for that is
:13:53. > :14:02.something we try and instil in the student to they have a good
:14:03. > :14:07.
:14:07. > :14:15.understanding of what it takes to There is a creativity and problem
:14:15. > :14:19.solving here that he is in everyone. This is the design school at
:14:19. > :14:22.Stanford. Today is a product that day. Will the students from
:14:22. > :14:26.different parts of the university were given a challenge to come up
:14:27. > :14:31.with an idea based on a theme. This is where they are showing of those
:14:31. > :14:38.ideas today. It is all about innovation, getting people thinking
:14:38. > :14:42.in a different way, to come up with ideas thought of a walk of life
:14:42. > :14:45.they going to. The task was to design a concert for a big
:14:45. > :14:51.department store, is in social networking, technology, anything,
:14:51. > :15:01.treating different be. This is a photo-booth in the sitting room. Do
:15:01. > :15:02.
:15:02. > :15:09.you want to be a user? Go ahead and try it. Thank you.This is a camera,
:15:09. > :15:13.there will be a time. It would take a picture of you, you can see it
:15:13. > :15:20.and then you can choose similar photo, Senator Facebook, some good
:15:21. > :15:29.to Twitter, or through text. Sometimes be positive family,
:15:29. > :15:35.friends, sometimes they wanted on Facebook. I know this looks
:15:35. > :15:38.ridiculous. I would say you should take it. Thank you. The design
:15:39. > :15:43.school is designed to teach people who were smarter their own areas of
:15:43. > :15:48.study to think creatively, to work together, and to broaden their
:15:48. > :15:53.education for the future. The pace of change right now is tremendous.
:15:53. > :15:57.With globalisation and the kinds of economic change we are seeing,
:15:57. > :16:01.things are happening more quickly and with more complexity than they
:16:01. > :16:06.ever have before. We once it has to be equipped with a set of skills
:16:06. > :16:11.about solving problems, problems that are not even apparent yet.
:16:11. > :16:17.have to be smart in many ways. Her a great idea or invention is not
:16:17. > :16:22.enough. The core of Silicon Valley is a creative energy, a desire to
:16:22. > :16:29.go and create technologies that I used throughout the world. We have
:16:29. > :16:34.such a nexus of people already here who were setting examples,
:16:34. > :16:44.mentoring, advised -- investing in the next generation. It becomes a
:16:44. > :16:47.
:16:47. > :16:50.cycle. Amid the flickering of lights and the hum of one million
:16:50. > :16:57.hydrides, one of the biggest library some earth. This is a cloud,
:16:57. > :17:02.a place were the internet resides, where any question can be answered.
:17:02. > :17:07.We pour billions of bytes of data into the cloud every day. Working
:17:07. > :17:11.out how to mind that and interpreted will change the future.
:17:11. > :17:14.His is one way of visualising what a huge set of data looks like.
:17:14. > :17:20.These are some of the people making money out of mathematics and hoping
:17:20. > :17:26.to change the world. 30 years ago we said we would collect this data
:17:26. > :17:29.and stories in a nice format. What we find ourselves with today is
:17:29. > :17:36.that there is so much data we do not know what the right questions
:17:36. > :17:40.to ask are. What the software does it that it finds answers to the
:17:40. > :17:44.questions that you are not her had to ask. This maths professor co-
:17:44. > :17:50.founded a company which emerged from a decade of research. He has
:17:50. > :17:55.raised more than $10 million and has made some amazing discoveries.
:17:55. > :18:04.Among them, or breast cancer. contains all the people who ended
:18:04. > :18:08.up surviving breast cancer. dots describe 200 patients. The
:18:09. > :18:12.bottom five groups are those who died. It is old data, but the
:18:12. > :18:19.patterns found by the software it minutes have sparked new research
:18:19. > :18:29.to help diagnose and treat breast cancer. Even as of healthcare,
:18:29. > :18:33.
:18:33. > :18:36.these works for many areas, will -- including oil exploitation.
:18:36. > :18:40.Machines are getting so fast they are beginning to think for
:18:40. > :18:45.themselves. Stanford's artificial intelligence lab is at the
:18:45. > :18:49.forefront of making smart machines. It is not just about making robots,
:18:49. > :18:56.it is about making software that recreate a human brain, through
:18:56. > :19:00.what is called a new role that work. Imagine we had to wake up not
:19:00. > :19:04.knowing anything and watched YouTube for a week. We were then
:19:04. > :19:09.asked ourselves what we learn. We had our hypothesis that we would
:19:09. > :19:15.begin to recognise, like a recurring themes. What it has often
:19:15. > :19:22.in YouTube? Cats. We looked and found the one of the neurons in the
:19:22. > :19:27.network had learned to recognise cat faces. After watching YouTube
:19:27. > :19:31.for a week, the computer created an image based on what had learned.
:19:31. > :19:37.The remarkable thing was that we had never told that what the cat
:19:37. > :19:41.was. It had discovered this concept of cats just by watching YouTube.
:19:41. > :19:50.Not quite taking over the world, but amazing progress. From the
:19:50. > :19:54.light changed into the -- the life changing, Silicon Valley is has the
:19:54. > :19:58.ring a tour. The idea is that we wanted to build that price it is a
:19:58. > :20:02.pair of glasses, they are stylish and have a computer inside. They
:20:02. > :20:07.can stream video to a mobile device. From there we can have applications
:20:07. > :20:17.in augmented reality and other interesting spaces. We designed the
:20:17. > :20:40.
:20:40. > :20:46.product in 3D and then we go into This is a prototype of the glasses.
:20:46. > :20:51.You can see the lenses are here and the camera is here. It fits inside.
:20:51. > :20:55.And everything is recorded that to see? Exactly. Video is the
:20:55. > :20:59.beginning. The new computer we are building also has TPS. It has
:20:59. > :21:05.biometrics senses in it. Information will appear in front of
:21:05. > :21:12.your eyes, whether it be that some or advertising. I have heard of
:21:12. > :21:18.something like this from Google. Is this the same thing? Know. We think
:21:18. > :21:25.of ourselves as better than what Google is giving. The computer will
:21:25. > :21:35.have a function of that we believe the consumer will be interested in.
:21:35. > :21:37.
:21:37. > :21:41.Google may beg to differ. This whole project was to do that here
:21:41. > :21:45.appears poised quartet shop. It is like a huge workshop. It has a lot
:21:45. > :21:51.of difference machinery in here. You can make pretty much anything.
:21:51. > :21:55.Over here, banks of computer screens. People can programme
:21:55. > :22:00.software, buildings in 3D, and print them out, or use laser
:22:00. > :22:03.cutters. The reason that people use this is because they want to build
:22:03. > :22:08.prototypes to start businesses. They have an idea, they build it
:22:09. > :22:12.here, it is cheap and easy, they concede it works. If it does, they
:22:12. > :22:19.can then make them on a bigger scale and turn it into a proper
:22:19. > :22:21.business. It is called the makers revolution. Hobbyists can afford to
:22:21. > :22:27.build many factoring businesses themselves on the back of good
:22:27. > :22:33.ideas. It could change the way the whole industry works. A more people
:22:33. > :22:37.can participate. These manufacturing tools that used to be
:22:37. > :22:43.hard and expensive, we now has dust of manufacturing, personal many
:22:43. > :22:47.factoring. All those things that were hard and now easy. Anybody can
:22:47. > :22:53.participate. We have democratised manufacturing. It is not about
:22:53. > :23:01.Labour any more, it is about ideas. He has the best ideas and designs?
:23:01. > :23:08.That can happen anywhere. We excite audiences by making television
:23:08. > :23:12.engaging. Will come to a real-life version of the apprentice. Fiji
:23:12. > :23:16.billionaire's practice so than themselves to potential investors.
:23:16. > :23:26.Our vision is to help people have any faith find the best for for
:23:26. > :23:28.
:23:28. > :23:33.them. Our friend was worded mentors rating some of them. The founder
:23:34. > :23:37.institute is a school to start-up entrepreneurs. There is an issue
:23:37. > :23:42.with a lot of entrepreneurs, they stand around thinking and talking
:23:42. > :23:47.about his, but not actually building their companies. They want
:23:47. > :23:51.to be an entrepreneur, but they're not actually doing it. I love the
:23:51. > :24:01.point of the programme like this is to get them off that, to push them
:24:01. > :24:02.
:24:02. > :24:07.of that. We can force them to make forward progress. With your help,
:24:07. > :24:12.we plan to demolish the transportation barrier for seniors.
:24:12. > :24:18.Jay was to provide a taxi service for the people, with a paramedic
:24:18. > :24:23.tried in. He had a hard time of it. You're in the programme, you need
:24:23. > :24:28.to get a grant, this is not bad. comes across as harsh, but it is
:24:28. > :24:33.very constructive. Why are you doing this? I want to change the
:24:33. > :24:37.world with my company. This is the way to see the charge that. It will
:24:37. > :24:44.make sure they are not falling for the common pitfalls that I might
:24:44. > :24:54.otherwise hit. They are chasing big dreams. Those who have already made
:24:54. > :24:57.it and doing what they can to give something back. What are the other
:24:57. > :25:02.lessons from Silicon Valley? It is not all about the money, it is
:25:02. > :25:06.about changing the world. It is OK to fail here, sometimes it is even
:25:06. > :25:11.encouraged. The next big idea does not have to be a big secret, you
:25:11. > :25:16.need to be open to succeed. With that in mind, what will the future
:25:16. > :25:22.hold? We had to ask people, what if they could predict the future?
:25:22. > :25:27.we look out far enough, to Rex bring connection of some sort.
:25:27. > :25:33.We're in the transformation of the shin and species. The future will
:25:33. > :25:40.be a global economy. Digital countries, not divided by borders.
:25:40. > :25:44.The next big thing is already here, it is mobile. Robotics will be the
:25:44. > :25:51.tipping point that will bring robots into a lives. I am convinced