:00:17. > :00:21.full recount of the poll. Now it is There are more than 1 billion
:00:21. > :00:27.Karzai in the world today. By 2050 they could be up to 4 billion. But
:00:27. > :00:33.what will we do with them all and where will they go? In countries
:00:33. > :00:39.such as India, Brazil, Russia and China, as people get richer, they
:00:39. > :00:43.won the trappings of success and for many that means a car. But the
:00:44. > :00:48.global gridlock is looming ever larger. So what can we do about it?
:00:48. > :00:53.And the car itself become a tool for cutting congestion and
:00:53. > :00:58.preventing pollution? How about a car which can fall -- fold up to
:00:58. > :01:01.use less space? Artificial intelligence, a robot vehicles
:01:01. > :01:11.which thing for themselves, and the fast as electric car you have ever
:01:11. > :01:25.
:01:25. > :01:30.This is mourned by, a fast-growing city and a symbol of the country's
:01:30. > :01:34.economic success but it has a problem or rather 1.8 million
:01:34. > :01:38.problems - that is how many cars, buses, motorcycles and rickshaws
:01:38. > :01:42.are on the streets. There is not enough road to go round. It is one
:01:42. > :01:46.of the most congested cities in the world. They have tried very
:01:46. > :01:51.solutions, including public transport is one option. The Mumbai
:01:51. > :01:57.metro is behind schedule, over budgets and not nearly finished.
:01:57. > :02:00.The man Riyong - behind schedule, over Budget and not nearly finished.
:02:00. > :02:09.This amazing bridge was meant to take traffic down the coast and
:02:09. > :02:12.away from the city. But it was never finished. It just stops. The
:02:12. > :02:20.trouble with projects like these they take time and trouble to build.
:02:20. > :02:29.the City just keeps growing day after day. It is my job to try and
:02:29. > :02:34.keep the traffic moving because the volumes that we have in mourned by,
:02:34. > :02:42.both of the population and vehicle numbers, it is enormous. We have
:02:42. > :02:47.450 vehicles being registered every day - each day. What is it like the
:02:47. > :02:57.traffic in a city like this. I went for a ride with a journalist who
:02:57. > :03:03.drives for a living. On a daily basis, it is like hopscotch in on a
:03:03. > :03:09.minefield. Honestly, it is not just the traffic, it is the road users.
:03:09. > :03:16.Everybody seems to abuse the road. You have bicycles, Voss cards, or
:03:16. > :03:23.all kinds of things which are all over the place. -- oxcarts. It is
:03:23. > :03:28.never a mechanical process and just to drive. It is quite a challenge.
:03:28. > :03:34.He drives a Tata Nano, a small car designed especially for the Indian
:03:34. > :03:38.market. But young people prefer something rather larger. For the
:03:38. > :03:44.love affair with cars in India is very much on the increase, unlike
:03:44. > :03:49.in the West where it is winning. People are still very much... Let's
:03:49. > :03:57.say, they laugh cars, they're very aspirational. Over here people
:03:57. > :04:01.think it is very cool. In the West, it is not politically correct to
:04:01. > :04:08.find something like that. That kind of thinking or mindset has not
:04:08. > :04:14.quite reached over here. That is one city. The truth is, Mumbai's
:04:14. > :04:18.problems are far from unique. Around the world, from Sao Paolo to
:04:18. > :04:25.Shanghai, cities are getting bigger and bigger and the challenge of
:04:25. > :04:29.keeping traffic moving is getting harder. In Boston, I came to find
:04:29. > :04:34.out exactly what technology can offer to help the gridlock in their
:04:34. > :04:40.megacities of the future. Some of the most original reiginal reiginal
:04:40. > :04:47.could change the way we think about it, he's been done up at the MIT.
:04:47. > :04:52.I'm here to make Kent Larsen, a renowned expert of city living.
:04:53. > :04:57.picked a beautiful day. Let's go see what we're doing. If Rakhine
:04:57. > :05:04.see what we're doing. If Rakhine can fold, he can drop down, and get
:05:04. > :05:08.into a submissive posture. -- if a car. He says that the cities are
:05:08. > :05:12.being built around the car. In the past, most of the things could be
:05:12. > :05:18.found within walking distance but not any more. In most of the new
:05:18. > :05:23.cities, it is the opposite model. The idea is to separate all the
:05:23. > :05:29.functions. Would housing over here, commercial and a here, build a
:05:29. > :05:32.shopping centre here and can make everything with the roadway. Allow
:05:32. > :05:37.anybody who wants it can't have one and make sure there is enough
:05:37. > :05:41.parking when people get there. That works in a relatively small area on
:05:42. > :05:46.a suburban model but when you get to these mega CDs, with tens of
:05:46. > :05:51.millions of people, it is completely unsustainable. --
:05:51. > :05:56.megacity. One thing I hate about driving in the City is that some
:05:56. > :06:00.point you have to find some way to pint you can never find space. The
:06:00. > :06:05.guys at MIT think they may have come up with a solution which could
:06:05. > :06:10.make that easier. What makes it special lies in the wheels. This is
:06:10. > :06:16.it - a small futuristic folding car with unique features in its design.
:06:16. > :06:21.The length of that vehicle is the with of the conventional car. It
:06:21. > :06:29.allows you to go nose into the curve in a parallel parking
:06:29. > :06:35.scenario seeking get three 1/2 in the space of a conventional car. If
:06:35. > :06:42.you're introducing a fleet, it is a huge advantage in CD were parking
:06:42. > :06:52.is limited - to have free pass because available to you. -- three
:06:52. > :06:57.
:06:57. > :07:03.plus. This is an exhibition were put together. Over here, we have
:07:03. > :07:09.the city car itself. This is a model. We would have to shrink
:07:09. > :07:12.people down 50%. This is a half scale model. It is a fully
:07:12. > :07:19.functional electric with the verdict will. And that gives us an
:07:19. > :07:22.idea of what it looks like. We have basically the chassis of it. It is
:07:23. > :07:30.a party piece that does the secret to the whole thing. This is the
:07:30. > :07:37.robot will. Steering, braking, or incorporated into one more draw. We
:07:37. > :07:44.are able to control each and we all. For example this will can turn. It
:07:44. > :07:48.allows for is the parallel parking. It also allows us to have an
:07:48. > :07:53.manoeuvrable the Costa Rican fold it. Even somebody like me, who does
:07:53. > :07:58.not part very well it should be a snap? It should be a snap.You
:07:58. > :08:04.might think that sounds a bit futuristic and out of the realm of
:08:04. > :08:14.science fiction but have a look at this - it is called the Aggreko
:08:14. > :08:20.fold -- Hiriko. It does exactly what it says on the tin. It has no
:08:20. > :08:28.side doors so you are going to show me how to get in and out of it?
:08:28. > :08:35.Through the front door. This is something new. For the security and
:08:35. > :08:44.everything, you can go inside, police, get inside. It is like
:08:44. > :08:51.being in a fighter plane. This is something that theoretically, now
:08:51. > :08:56.we can close the door, and at first, we have to take and the charging
:08:56. > :09:03.cable. And we close the Canonbie and we are clear for take-off.
:09:03. > :09:11.we are clear for take-off. -- canopy. This car does not do
:09:11. > :09:15.absolutely everything that the MIT imagine. Something had been
:09:15. > :09:21.sacrificed because regulators will not allow them or because of cost.
:09:21. > :09:27.The selling point is unique. will be like a taxi without the
:09:27. > :09:34.driver. You will be the driver. You only pay for the minutes of for the
:09:34. > :09:40.time that you want to have it in your possession. When you finish,
:09:40. > :09:49.and if you arrive, to be a target, you finish the contract and you are
:09:49. > :09:59.free. I know you have a very unusual marketing? Do not buy this
:09:59. > :10:00.
:10:00. > :10:06.car. Pay only for the usage. this is no pipe dream. The Hiriko
:10:06. > :10:11.is going into production. This is the completed prototype. Over here,
:10:11. > :10:14.you have cars in various stages of completion. This is where you going
:10:14. > :10:20.to be building the production models? Yes. They will hit the
:10:20. > :10:29.streets of Berlin later this year. Other cities are also looking at it.
:10:29. > :10:35.For the rain car-sharing programmes. How many models to thank you will
:10:35. > :10:40.be able to produce in a day? target is to have five units per
:10:40. > :10:44.day. A good way to beat traffic jams already exists and it is
:10:44. > :10:48.pretty popular in cities like Mumbai - it is called a motorbike.
:10:49. > :10:54.The trouble is, it is not everybody's cup of tea. If you're
:10:54. > :10:59.out in the open, exposed to the fumes, it can be dangers as well.
:10:59. > :11:04.In San Francisco, mechanics hope to solve these problems. In California,
:11:04. > :11:07.there is a rich tradition of gigs in garages building multi-million-
:11:07. > :11:15.dollar businesses. Its inventor things this slick to Willa could be
:11:15. > :11:23.the next big thing. This is the future of transportation. My first
:11:23. > :11:30.question theories, is it a car or a bike? It is both. It is the best of
:11:30. > :11:34.both worlds. We take the romance and efficiency of a motorcycle and
:11:34. > :11:39.we combine that with the safety of a motor-car. It is a new class of
:11:39. > :11:44.vehicle. You drive like a car but it means like a motorcycle. It is
:11:44. > :11:52.absolutely phenomenal. That is the point. It cannot four-over?
:11:52. > :12:02.Absolutely not. It is very, very say. You need a baby elephant to
:12:02. > :12:08.knock it over. It is electric?All- electric, to wheel drive. The 0 to
:12:08. > :12:13.60 in about six seconds. It runs on batteries. How far can this go on a
:12:13. > :12:21.single charge? We are looking at single charge? We are looking at
:12:21. > :12:28.around 200 miles per charge. The future has to be fine. The steel
:12:28. > :12:33.platform allows it to happen. -- this little platform. What kind of
:12:33. > :12:36.market? What could do? And this is market? What could do? And this is
:12:36. > :12:41.a vehicle for the masses. My ultimate go?I ? ultimate go?
:12:41. > :12:49.impact in the transportation world. And this could be very applicable
:12:49. > :12:52.And this could be very applicable And this could be very applicable
:12:52. > :12:55.UK. It comes down to whether the public accepts this as the next
:12:55. > :13:05.form of transportation and it form of transportation and it
:13:05. > :13:05.
:13:05. > :14:26.Apology for the loss of subtitles for 81 seconds
:14:26. > :14:30.look at thi?I ? look at thitwo We can make cars a lot smaller and
:14:30. > :14:33.feed more than one he wrote. On its own, that will not solve the
:14:33. > :14:38.problems of congestion or cut pollution. It is increasingly
:14:38. > :14:41.becoming clear that future cars will behave more like robots, but
:14:41. > :14:47.by computers. For that reason, a lot of the ground-breaking research
:14:47. > :14:55.being carried out is not being done in the traditional homeland water
:14:55. > :14:58.industry like in Stuttgart but in California. -- automobile industry.
:14:58. > :15:02.Leading the way, Stanford University in the heart of Silicon
:15:02. > :15:07.Valley. This car was built to test computerised systems, meant to help
:15:07. > :15:12.the human driver. It feels different. All it wigeon if you
:15:12. > :15:17.have from a normal car translate very well. -- intuition. You are
:15:17. > :15:25.not driving the card the moment. The computer is. It is technically
:15:25. > :15:30.applying all of it. The same thing is occurring growth the drive
:15:30. > :15:36.motors. We have a big electric motor powering the vehicle. We have
:15:36. > :15:41.a sensor on the accelerator and Pottle. -- a celebrating pedal
:15:41. > :15:46.force we have packed the vehicle for all of capabilities. And they
:15:46. > :15:51.are excited to see whether it takes us. The heart of it is a computer.
:15:51. > :15:54.Yes. That is the single will have to get used to in the future. You
:15:55. > :15:59.may have a steering wheel in your hand but it is the computer doing
:15:59. > :16:04.the work. Yes. What is cool about her that is the computer can
:16:04. > :16:08.respond more quickly than a human drama ever could. This machine
:16:08. > :16:13.still needs a human at the wheel. But the university has also
:16:13. > :16:16.developed cars that can do without a drive altogether. Sven Beiker is
:16:16. > :16:20.head of the research centre at Stanford. He thinks there are
:16:21. > :16:26.things that computers can simply do better. We are very good at
:16:26. > :16:31.understanding a situation. We are not good at controlling a vehicle.
:16:31. > :16:35.It is just the speed and distance of the car in front of me, we
:16:35. > :16:41.believe if we automate much of that, we can come to a smoother traffic
:16:41. > :16:46.flow. And less congestion. Computers can do it better? Yes.
:16:46. > :16:52.That is our true belief. If you look at a highway at peak were
:16:52. > :16:58.traffic, only about 20-put 5% of the surface area of the highway is
:16:58. > :17:02.occupied the cause. The rest is the safety model. You should use it.
:17:02. > :17:08.But the computer might use a different safety model because it
:17:08. > :17:14.is faster. We could fit more cars on the road, reducing congestion.
:17:14. > :17:18.The big names in the motor industry are helping and replacing the human
:17:18. > :17:25.driver. Some have already produced their own driverless cars. Working
:17:25. > :17:30.out how best to use them is far from simple. How do those it
:17:30. > :17:35.vehicles interact with humans? Let us be honest. I'm pretty much sure
:17:35. > :17:44.that we have gone over the speed limit. We thought, you know what?
:17:44. > :17:49.Sure. I should not have parked here but it is for two seconds. How does
:17:49. > :17:54.an automated vehicle deal with that? It has to follow the laws
:17:54. > :17:58.exactly. It may not have the concept of others being more
:17:58. > :18:03.creative. It might mean that an automated vehicle may be slow were
:18:03. > :18:07.in traffic. Hard as everyone else respond to that? There are
:18:07. > :18:13.challenges on human side and legal side. What happens if something
:18:13. > :18:17.goes wrong? That is where work is happening. Many questions to be
:18:17. > :18:21.answered that are not technologically based. Google is at
:18:21. > :18:25.the forefront of driverless car research. This is how it sees the
:18:25. > :18:31.world. It can track moving Objects and react to objects around them
:18:31. > :18:36.but not in the same way that we do. This is not a forecast. This is
:18:36. > :18:40.happening already. We have enough robotic cars on highways in a
:18:40. > :18:44.Silicon Valley. They actually get in the way. How do you tell a
:18:44. > :18:49.Google robotic car on the highway that it is the only car driving the
:18:49. > :18:54.speed limit and using the civil? Professors also have to get to
:18:54. > :19:00.class. More than once, I have been on my way racing to class on campus.
:19:00. > :19:06.I got stuck bid. -- behind the Don googled rebutted car. This
:19:06. > :19:10.revolution is helping us. How will pure beings react been surrounded
:19:10. > :19:14.by soft driving machines? Will they dare crossing the road is it means
:19:14. > :19:18.walking in front of the car without any driver? Back at MIT in Boston,
:19:18. > :19:25.they are working on that problem. Coming up with some remarkable
:19:25. > :19:30.solutions. Before I try and cross the road, she should see it? Yes.
:19:30. > :19:38.Hello, is the tough. She is looking at me. Before across the road, she
:19:38. > :19:43.is following me. -- Evita are. is also safer you to walk. The idea
:19:43. > :19:48.behind this is that you can relate to the car as if it were human?
:19:48. > :19:53.Exactly. We tried different strategies. This is the autonomous
:19:53. > :19:59.testing a rate. The contest different things. The people's art
:19:59. > :20:07.dilated. The eyeballs are tracking you. It is making contact. There is
:20:07. > :20:14.directed audio. It can through and the city at you. A message for you
:20:14. > :20:18.to cross. There was have LED likes that change colour as you approach.
:20:19. > :20:22.You could have a winners and proximity. Putting this together, a
:20:22. > :20:28.self driving car that Ford's up and interacts with you and looks at you,
:20:28. > :20:36.is it a car or something different? It is an electronic vehicle. It is
:20:36. > :20:45.not a car. It is not a conventional car. It is a new type of connected,
:20:45. > :20:49.intelligent, aware, mobility mode. By making cars intelligent and
:20:49. > :20:53.releasing them from human control, we should be able to fit more on
:20:53. > :20:58.the road. That could reduce congestion. Tailoring the
:20:58. > :21:02.technology to a city like Mumbai is a formidable challenge. Robot cars
:21:02. > :21:07.as you say are probably decide to work in a place where there is a
:21:07. > :21:11.certain order. I do not know how those cars will react if you had a
:21:11. > :21:16.motorcyclist coming down the wrong way directly at you. I did think it
:21:16. > :21:21.would be programmed to factor in that sort of situation. It is just
:21:21. > :21:26.a bit too crazy on the roads over here. We have looked at ways to cut
:21:26. > :21:30.congestion. What about pollution? Petrol or diesel power may one day
:21:30. > :21:35.become socially unacceptable. Otherwise, the fumes from millions
:21:35. > :21:39.of cars may slowly choke us all with smog. The electric cars would
:21:40. > :21:48.be cleaner. Generally speaking, people do not like them. They are
:21:48. > :21:55.widely seen as slow, impractical and dull. What about this? This car
:21:55. > :22:01.runs on batteries. It has been designed as a high-speed test for
:22:01. > :22:07.Anna to cast technology. We have to knowledge is which represent the
:22:07. > :22:14.today. We have a carbon x a skeleton inside of which we have
:22:14. > :22:20.the batteries, on top of it, the computer which controls the car,
:22:20. > :22:26.and inside there, four electric motors developed by Oxford
:22:26. > :22:31.University, probably the world's debt and a trip motor today. It is
:22:31. > :22:36.driving the high and wheels, producing a total of 850 horsepower.
:22:36. > :22:41.-- kind of deals. I believe we do see this car racing on a track, it
:22:41. > :22:44.is shouting at you. This is what the future can be like. It is
:22:44. > :22:49.really cool. We should not be frightened of that future. We have
:22:49. > :22:53.to embrace it. We have this sort difficult engineering and science
:22:53. > :22:58.problems to get there. But engineering, being what it is, if
:22:58. > :23:01.we commit ourselves, we can do it. We can have it could perfect
:23:01. > :23:07.combination. The lifestyle that we want without damaging the planet in
:23:07. > :23:10.which we have done up to now. all about lifestyle. There is no
:23:10. > :23:14.point in developing new technology is nobody wants to use them. Some
:23:14. > :23:17.experts believe that he did well as around the world are ready to
:23:17. > :23:21.reject old-fashioned ideas about car ownership and a brace this
:23:21. > :23:27.brave new world of shiny miniature electric powered machines that
:23:27. > :23:34.nobody actually owns. -- embrace. We are all at collectively coming
:23:34. > :23:39.to the conclusion that owning a car is quite mad. This thing cost tens
:23:39. > :23:43.of thousands of dollars. Even one heavily used, it sits for 83 art of
:23:43. > :23:48.good for hours every day unused. You have to pay for repairs and
:23:48. > :23:52.parking in the city. Would it not be so much nicer if you had a car
:23:52. > :23:57.when you need it and it would simply disappear when you did not?
:23:57. > :24:01.That is the kind of world we may be headed towards. Whether we own cars
:24:01. > :24:05.or rent them by the hour, Samoa have to manufacture them. Many of
:24:05. > :24:12.the biggest car companies are working hard to find moderns
:24:12. > :24:18.ablutions of the problem of gridlock. -- solutions. Henry
:24:18. > :24:22.Ford's great grandson wants to continue that tradition. I look at
:24:22. > :24:26.the history of our company. My great-grandfather talk -- brought
:24:26. > :24:30.the freedom of my ability to the average person. That was a great
:24:30. > :24:33.thing for the world. As I look forward, I would like to
:24:33. > :24:37.reinterpret that vision and bring the freedom of an ability to
:24:37. > :24:44.everyone in the world once again included people who live in large
:24:44. > :24:49.urban areas. -- mobility. It takes a leap of faith. Universities are
:24:49. > :24:54.taking hold in a modern city like Mumbai. That alone like a mega
:24:54. > :24:58.metropolis of the future. Getting rid of the traffic jams without the
:24:58. > :25:02.cars was ever going to be easy. Certainly, says the new colleges
:25:02. > :25:06.can make a difference. What works well in Europe or America may not
:25:06. > :25:11.be practical or affordable in other countries. Anyway, that us be