:00:11. > :00:17.I've just spent a lovely night staying in a folly that is taller
:00:18. > :00:22.than Nelson 's column. Hadlow Tower is that exciting and encouraging
:00:23. > :00:27.thing, a restoration success story. I will be finding out how it was
:00:28. > :00:31.saved and discovering the remarkable story that lies behind its
:00:32. > :00:36.construction. The South East is littered with remarkable buildings
:00:37. > :00:40.that have fallen into decay. We will visit the old naval dockyard in
:00:41. > :00:43.Sheerness and lift the tarpaulin on the mysterious structure in this
:00:44. > :00:51.back garden in Mayfield east Sussex. All of the buildings on the site
:00:52. > :00:55.continue to be in danger. We are going to find out how restorations
:00:56. > :01:01.gets done and asked, once it has been completed, what then? I will
:01:02. > :01:02.also be catching up on two buildings featured on the original BBC Two
:01:03. > :01:29.Restoration series. This is the room I have been staying
:01:30. > :01:35.in, it is pretty special. You have this lovely bed, curtains closing it
:01:36. > :01:40.in, but what this room has that most don't is a mysterious spiral
:01:41. > :01:50.staircase leading up Rapunzel style who knows where? The original BBC
:01:51. > :01:52.Two Restoration series but some of Britain's most important and
:01:53. > :01:58.threatened buildings under the spotlight. Today, the pressure on at
:01:59. > :02:07.risk buildings is if anything even greater. Saving this site takes
:02:08. > :02:11.diplomacy, passion and a large amount of money. Above all, what it
:02:12. > :02:15.needs is vision. A vision of the kind that was shown by the wealthy
:02:16. > :02:23.industrialist back on the 19th century when he built this frankly
:02:24. > :02:27.lunatic tower. Hadlow Tower was a late addition to the much larger
:02:28. > :02:33.Hadlow Cassel built for a Kent family. Over the next hundred and 50
:02:34. > :02:38.years, the castle and tower passed from owner to owner and its
:02:39. > :02:44.condition deteriorated. When the castle was finally demolished in
:02:45. > :02:49.1951, Hadlow born portrait painter Bernard stepped in to save the tower
:02:50. > :03:00.and courtier. His son. `` Donovan still lives in the shadow of the
:03:01. > :03:05.tower. Yes, I do live in a castle. It is called a castle, really it is
:03:06. > :03:14.a folly, one of the top ten in England. Describe it as a factory
:03:15. > :03:21.chimney the same as now `` as Nelson's column. It is something
:03:22. > :03:32.that has been cleverly disguised as a Victorian Gothic welding. That is
:03:33. > :03:37.my father. A romantic owner of a Gothic folly. A factory chimney
:03:38. > :03:42.looking like a Gothic folly. That was his form of humour. We are in
:03:43. > :03:50.your house which was your father's house. He bought it with the entire
:03:51. > :03:54.courtyard. He was not a practical in that sense. He thought it would be
:03:55. > :04:02.lovely to have this power. So he bought six acres and the tower for
:04:03. > :04:10.?6,000. Quite a bargain. Quite a bargain when you don't have any
:04:11. > :04:15.money! Mac I can imagine going to the bank manager! I was 17 or 18
:04:16. > :04:21.when we moved in here. We used to have a competition to see how
:04:22. > :04:29.quickly we could race to the top and those days it was very dangerous. A
:04:30. > :04:34.health and safety nightmare. Health and safety did not come into it. It
:04:35. > :04:37.was very fun. We have some wonderful fancy dress parties here. A lot of
:04:38. > :04:42.people came from London and then you realise that my father taught at an
:04:43. > :04:49.art school so there were very many... Did the tower formed the
:04:50. > :04:53.backdrop? Yes, on a summer's evening it was very romantic. Everybody was
:04:54. > :04:57.amazed that you could be in an environment like this. The helium
:04:58. > :05:02.existence that he renders from his childhood was very different to the
:05:03. > :05:07.lifestyle of the industrialist who built the tower back in 1830s. It
:05:08. > :05:14.has been suggested that the reason the tower was added to the castle
:05:15. > :05:17.built by his father was because he so `` suspected his wife of having
:05:18. > :05:22.an affair with a local farmer and he wanted to keep an eye on her. As for
:05:23. > :05:31.the architect, he was a man much in demand. George Taylor did not
:05:32. > :05:36.content `` content himself just with the tower. North east of here, there
:05:37. > :05:41.are other examples of his work. These two are in the process of
:05:42. > :05:46.being restored. At the mouth of the Medway is the
:05:47. > :05:51.major container port of Sheerness and right in the heart of the docks
:05:52. > :05:57.like used to be residential quarters of the naval officers. The
:05:58. > :06:01.construction of was super`sized. There's no question that this is a
:06:02. > :06:07.stunning assemblage of Georgian buildings. I think if it were in
:06:08. > :06:11.Bath or Spitalfields it would be a tourist attraction, but as you can
:06:12. > :06:15.see, this is not a ghostly place, you might want to imagine the
:06:16. > :06:19.spectres of Nelson era naval officers wandering around, but what
:06:20. > :06:25.you get our trucks and lorries rumbling past with huge piles of
:06:26. > :06:30.container crates. In one sense, it is the opposite of atmospheric. It
:06:31. > :06:34.makes you wonder what kind of restoration can there be in the
:06:35. > :06:40.heart of a working dock? Is it worth the effort? Leading the restoration
:06:41. > :06:47.is the Spitalfields Trust. Will Pailin has been at the heart of the
:06:48. > :06:55.project. We're talking about a site that is four acres with 11 listed
:06:56. > :06:59.buildings, six of which were on the English Heritage buildings at risk
:07:00. > :07:05.list. They were highly listed. But they were clearly in danger. When we
:07:06. > :07:11.came here, we realised that this was a very, very important, but horribly
:07:12. > :07:17.neglected group of buildings. When the rescue cat `` when the rescue
:07:18. > :07:20.plan came together, it was probably the biggest Heritage rescue of its
:07:21. > :07:25.kind for some time in the South East of England. We have done a
:07:26. > :07:30.spectacular amount over the last two years. This is a group of individual
:07:31. > :07:34.owners working together, which is unusual and quite a special way of
:07:35. > :07:39.working. What about the fact that you are surrounded by vast ports and
:07:40. > :07:44.lorries? When you come here, you have to keep the faith as it is
:07:45. > :07:48.quite industrial. But once you are here, it has a sort of magic and
:07:49. > :07:52.part of that magic is that there is this working port, it is a real
:07:53. > :07:56.place and things are happening. People fall in love with it because
:07:57. > :08:04.it is so unusual. When you are here, it is tranquil and a sort of
:08:05. > :08:08.oasis. It is a gritty but magnificent survival from the early
:08:09. > :08:12.19th century. Sheerness had been a Royal Navy dockyard since the
:08:13. > :08:17.beginning of the 16th century. The original yard was totally demolished
:08:18. > :08:21.after the defeat of Napoleon. When the new base was opened, Sheerness
:08:22. > :08:25.ranked as the most technically advanced dockyard in the world. The
:08:26. > :08:28.Georgian buildings that remain today are just a fragment of that
:08:29. > :08:36.ground`breaking construction projects. It is a remarkably
:08:37. > :08:41.complete example. You can still very much get the sense of a dockyard
:08:42. > :08:45.which was being reconstructed and the Royal Navy was at the height of
:08:46. > :08:49.its powers. It is carefully thought out with a sequence of buildings and
:08:50. > :08:56.naval installations which were designed to be efficient. This was
:08:57. > :09:02.not so much a shipbuilding yard, but you could get in quickly for
:09:03. > :09:06.maintenance and repairs. The end of Sheerness after 400 years came with
:09:07. > :09:12.the release of this announcement from the Admiralty. Her Majesty's
:09:13. > :09:15.Government have decided with great regret that Sheerness and Portland
:09:16. > :09:23.dockyards should be closed. Sheerness dockyard will be will run
:09:24. > :09:28.down by 1860, it is hoped to dispose of the yard before closer to
:09:29. > :09:36.industrial or commercial interests. Sure enough, by 1916, the naval
:09:37. > :09:43.dockyard here were closed down, some two day track 2500 people lost their
:09:44. > :09:56.jobs. How does the closure affect you? Hopefully we can get
:09:57. > :10:01.transferred. You'll have to move then. Absolutely. Since the
:10:02. > :10:06.departure of the Royal Navy, many of the dockyards' Georgian buildings
:10:07. > :10:12.have been demolished. The residential area has become
:10:13. > :10:16.seriously overgrown. Yet clear the overgrowth. The architecture then
:10:17. > :10:23.revealed itself. It is an exciting thing. The plan is that this
:10:24. > :10:30.will... Project currently unfolding depends on private individuals
:10:31. > :10:34.funding it. But that approach won't help the church gutted by fire.
:10:35. > :10:40.Something else will be needed for that. The church is a separate
:10:41. > :10:43.project. That project will be a project that will rely on public
:10:44. > :10:48.funding through the Heritage Lottery Fund. We are hoping it will be a
:10:49. > :10:54.mixed use building with a community space. We want there to be a display
:10:55. > :10:59.area for the model of the dockyard. I guess this gives a sense of the
:11:00. > :11:07.challenge that you face, that the dockside directly facing the church.
:11:08. > :11:11.The church scene from here looks more rundown than I was
:11:12. > :11:23.anticipating. Have you ever asked yourself if it is worth restoring
:11:24. > :11:31.it? I never gave up on this building. I take that question
:11:32. > :11:35.back. This is quite a splendid site. You can feel the impressive volume
:11:36. > :11:40.of this space. This is something that if it was brought back to life
:11:41. > :11:45.would be incredibly special. But everything said, there is not much
:11:46. > :11:50.here and it will be a bit of a cheat. It gives us an opportunity to
:11:51. > :11:57.do something different inside. We can maybe do something more modern.
:11:58. > :12:05.We don't have to slavishly follow the original architecture. So it'll
:12:06. > :12:08.be something and a restoration. Yes. It is exciting. The creation of
:12:09. > :12:17.something original to fill this shell. The Society for the
:12:18. > :12:18.protection of ancient shell. The Society for the
:12:19. > :12:18.prote I prote%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% shell. The Society for the
:12:19. > :12:23.protection of ancient buildings has a view on this. Repair versus
:12:24. > :12:30.restoration has been a really important issue. Essentially, our
:12:31. > :12:35.position is that restoration, in its strictest sense, is a kind of
:12:36. > :12:39.fakery, it is trying to take buildings back to some kind of
:12:40. > :12:43.hypothetical position in the past. We think that this is not the right
:12:44. > :12:49.way to go, that it is perfectly possible to add something new,
:12:50. > :12:53.contemporary for 21st`century that adds positively to the interest of
:12:54. > :12:58.the building. Any good designer or good craftsman should be able to add
:12:59. > :13:03.something that is special of our own time and we think that you should be
:13:04. > :13:08.honest about that and that it is no bad thing. The fact that the plans
:13:09. > :13:12.for the interior of the church represent a quite radical break from
:13:13. > :13:16.the original function of this building reflect and focus on what
:13:17. > :13:21.is always a challenge in restoration project, what you actually do with
:13:22. > :13:28.the building what you have saved `` once you have saved it. At Hadlow
:13:29. > :13:32.Tower, a trust took over in 2001. The trust's radical approach to
:13:33. > :13:35.saving buildings and making themselves supporting means the
:13:36. > :13:44.interiors are converted into luxury holiday accommodation.
:13:45. > :13:55.It is a rare and I suspect unique pleasure to be taking a lift in a
:13:56. > :14:04.Victorian tower. There is something almost of James Bond about it. You
:14:05. > :14:07.look like a James Bond villain there. There must be some who would
:14:08. > :14:13.say that the clash is a little bit... It affords us the ability to
:14:14. > :14:18.get furniture into the building. We couldn't have done it otherwise.
:14:19. > :14:22.Because the staircases are really narrow and they are turnpike stares,
:14:23. > :14:27.we could not have got furniture in. The second one is the get more
:14:28. > :14:31.people in this way. People who have any mobility problems can get to
:14:32. > :14:36.each and every floor, that has to be a positive. The buildings have two
:14:37. > :14:39.function, they have two provide good accommodation for people who come
:14:40. > :14:44.and stay. They have to earn their keep. The public only get access one
:14:45. > :14:49.day a week June the summer months, so I wondered whether this Heritage
:14:50. > :14:57.lottery funded project has given value for money. ?4 million of
:14:58. > :15:02.public money, is there a tension that between taking up money and
:15:03. > :15:06.using this for private purposes. I would say no. Private purposes would
:15:07. > :15:09.mean that one person only would live in it and stay in it and it would be
:15:10. > :15:13.theirs for ever. We have someone coming in here every three days and
:15:14. > :15:17.treating the building like their own. The tower was originally
:15:18. > :15:20.covered in Roman cement and a decision was taken to use the same
:15:21. > :15:27.material for the restoration, even though it had not been used on this
:15:28. > :15:33.scale. Grant Howard learned new techniques for the restoration and
:15:34. > :15:37.lead a team on site. It took some learning, because of the speed it
:15:38. > :15:43.goes. It can go off quite quickly in the summer. We have had it before
:15:44. > :15:49.way you can turn around and sit in your pockets like Excalibur. Roman
:15:50. > :15:55.cement is a natural cement that they get in from France and it is the
:15:56. > :16:01.fact has no additives, straight out of the ground and ground down to a
:16:02. > :16:14.powder. Then we put it with the sand. It is the first ever building
:16:15. > :16:26.I have done with this cement. It is good to be a part of it. It is
:16:27. > :16:37.standing here looking up that you get a sense of how telling it is.
:16:38. > :16:43.Absolutely. The a lot of money to spend. It is but we make decisions
:16:44. > :16:53.on what they want our grandchildren's grandchildren to
:16:54. > :17:04.see. It is utterly unique. The wonderful craftsmanship won and
:17:05. > :17:16.English Heritage award. When did this begin? In 2001. At one
:17:17. > :17:29.there was talk of managed decline if the money could not be raised. You
:17:30. > :17:38.must feel very proud. It ends up with English Heritage involved. It
:17:39. > :17:43.was 12 or 15 people who got involved and got the motivation to distort
:17:44. > :17:51.this building. It must have been some feeling when you thought we are
:17:52. > :17:59.going to do it. I am not sure we believed it was happening. People
:18:00. > :18:09.wear walking about the square after it was rebuilt saying it was
:18:10. > :18:13.amazing. We kept the profile high for 12 years until we got it
:18:14. > :18:24.restored and now rethink that is great. It is clearly a much loved
:18:25. > :18:35.building but Towers and castles do not, it seems, have pride of place
:18:36. > :18:46.in our heart. People voted for the favourite tower and windmills where
:18:47. > :18:55.they're most favourite. That was recognised in the 1930s and the Mill
:18:56. > :19:00.section was set up. That continues to campaign for protection and
:19:01. > :19:10.continued use of historic windmills. Our next building is one of the
:19:11. > :19:16.nation's favourites. Under that tarpaulin it is unbelievable there
:19:17. > :19:23.is actually a windmill. Now there are only about 40 left in the entire
:19:24. > :19:30.country. This one here is architecturally distinct and
:19:31. > :19:36.precious. In a moment, only having a heap at it when we venture under the
:19:37. > :19:49.tarpaulin. There has been a mill on this site since 18 27. Gradually
:19:50. > :19:54.deteriorating, it remained out local landmark until the 1950s when its
:19:55. > :20:05.new owner took a step she imagined would secure its future for good.
:20:06. > :20:10.She gave it to the District Council for a shilling. The terms of the
:20:11. > :20:20.gift ware that it was to be kept reserved and in good cheer. It went
:20:21. > :20:29.up in 2005. The two the arms down and put up scaffolding. How long did
:20:30. > :20:38.you think it would be up there for? A couple of years. Sadly, the
:20:39. > :20:45.windmill has decayed to such a degree that it now needs this
:20:46. > :20:53.scaffolding just to hold it up. This man who was involved in saving a
:20:54. > :21:02.nearby windmill agreed to show me what was special about this
:21:03. > :21:06.windmill. This is called a post mail. Would I be
:21:07. > :21:18.this is the post? Originally mills where just straight boxes then
:21:19. > :21:29.somebody had the idea it you need to face the wind. When you do it you
:21:30. > :21:33.believe the whole body can move through the hundred and 60 degrees,
:21:34. > :21:40.that is because the call mill is balanced on top of the post. It is
:21:41. > :21:49.an enormous structure to imagine it going around like a merry`go`round.
:21:50. > :21:55.This probably weighs 25 tonnes. Mills originally are moved by hand,
:21:56. > :22:05.some by force. This one moves because it has got a fine deal. In
:22:06. > :22:09.2011 the District Council leased this windmill to the windmill thrust
:22:10. > :22:20.and a fundraising campaign was launched. `` trust. There are some
:22:21. > :22:27.who would go as far as to blame the current state of the mill on the
:22:28. > :22:36.neglect of the council. At one time, when we first moved here, you could
:22:37. > :22:41.see the windmill as a landmark. They stand there rather like people
:22:42. > :22:48.waving their arms about. The planes used to locate themselves with the
:22:49. > :22:57.mill because it has unusually got a red top rather than a blacktop. I
:22:58. > :23:05.think the council are pretty disgraceful. I know that many would
:23:06. > :23:10.say do not complain because they are being good to us now. I think they
:23:11. > :23:15.are but some of us got the impression that the council are
:23:16. > :23:22.deliberately letting it go because the problem would go away. The mill
:23:23. > :23:31.disintegrated and it became a much worse problem than it needed to do.
:23:32. > :23:41.It need not have been. I put the accusations of neglect to the local
:23:42. > :23:52.councillor. They should be able to look after this particular thing.
:23:53. > :23:57.There has been a lot of damage. We could see that to go forward we
:23:58. > :24:02.simply would not have the resources because of the situation to do
:24:03. > :24:06.ourselves. At that point, the councils took a back`seat but have
:24:07. > :24:12.also financially help them as best we can. When you ask a community if
:24:13. > :24:22.that is what they want their money spent on, some say yes. We have to
:24:23. > :24:36.go down the middle. You personally would like to see it? It will be
:24:37. > :24:44.wonderful. One. It is like being inside a huge clock. This is all
:24:45. > :24:57.original? Yes. It is complete and preserve from 1830. What needs to be
:24:58. > :25:06.done here to continue for 100 years. There are timber is on the outside
:25:07. > :25:17.that need to be replaced. You are right, it is perfect. Maybe the
:25:18. > :25:26.windmill can still have a useful and productive future. People are
:25:27. > :25:33.returning to traditional milling. They and our special flowers for
:25:34. > :25:44.that purpose. There is also emphasis on green energy. At the beginning of
:25:45. > :25:49.the programme I promised to update you on some of the buildings
:25:50. > :26:05.featured in the first CDs. This is what our reporter found in Kent. ``
:26:06. > :26:10.the first CDs. `` series. They have been rammed by cars. At the last
:26:11. > :26:22.count 92 abandoned cars had been found in the vicinity. The mausoleum
:26:23. > :26:30.has become an attraction. I am delighted to say that the picture
:26:31. > :26:38.today is very different. After a three`year long restoration project,
:26:39. > :26:44.work finally finished. There is a rescue story with a happy ending.
:26:45. > :26:51.The partnership locally is able to raise funds to repair and restore
:26:52. > :26:57.it. It will be open to the public in 2014. It has been described as
:26:58. > :27:03.deliciously melancholic if one can get a flavour of that. This
:27:04. > :27:09.mausoleum was built for a very wealthy family but was never used
:27:10. > :27:18.mysteriously because the Bishop of Rochester felt it was the structure
:27:19. > :27:25.for privacy in the garden and never used it for the burial of bodies. It
:27:26. > :27:33.has transformed the surrounding would land as well. Since the
:27:34. > :27:36.transformation it has improved the whole easier because people have
:27:37. > :27:43.been more comfortable coming back to the site, walking dogs and it is a
:27:44. > :27:53.much more pleasant place to be. The last thing I can see is the green
:27:54. > :28:03.space, it is such a busy place. The Archbishop's Palace was a difficult
:28:04. > :28:17.place. `` different place. There has been little progress since 2004.
:28:18. > :28:22.Money was searched for to help draw up feasibility bids. There has not
:28:23. > :28:29.been enough cash to undertake the costly restoration of the whole
:28:30. > :28:35.complex. Today, the future of this once grand Palace remains uncertain.
:28:36. > :28:44.As the sun sets behind the tower, what will be view the in 100 year's
:28:45. > :28:53.time? Will the buildings be restored to George and grander? Will the
:28:54. > :28:56.windmill arms be turning once again in the breeze. `` George and
:28:57. > :29:14.grander. Hello, I'm Ellie Crisell with your
:29:15. > :29:18.90 second update. Large parts of the UK are being
:29:19. > :29:20.battered by a powerful storm. Two people have died, thousands are
:29:21. > :29:22.without power. Dozens of severe flood warnings are in force with
:29:23. > :29:26.homes being evacuated. Your forecast in a moment and get the latest on
:29:27. > :29:29.your local BBC radio station. Millions of us are going to have to
:29:30. > :29:32.work longer. The Chancellor is increasing the state pension age for
:29:33. > :29:35.many people. Also in his new plans, a fuel duty freeze and a smaller
:29:36. > :29:38.rise in rail fares. Get ready to say goodbye to the tax
:29:39. > :29:39.disc. After 93 years it's