0:11:38 > 0:11:40ANA SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:12:48 > 0:12:49ART SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:12:49 > 0:12:50CONCHA SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:14:59 > 0:15:01ANA SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:15:35 > 0:15:36REMIGIO SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:17:02 > 0:17:06There's different versions of it, but there's been stories, kind of,
0:17:06 > 0:17:09bandied around that, when the college actually closed...
0:17:10 > 0:17:12some Irish priests from Maynooth
0:17:12 > 0:17:15went over to Spain in cars
0:17:15 > 0:17:16and when they...
0:17:16 > 0:17:19they came to the Irish college in Salamanca...
0:17:19 > 0:17:23I don't know if it's true or not, but the priests, apparently,
0:17:23 > 0:17:25put the archives into the boot of their cars,
0:17:25 > 0:17:27and the library, as well,
0:17:27 > 0:17:30and ferried them across, back here, to Maynooth.
0:17:30 > 0:17:35So I'm just going to show you a few items from the collection itself.
0:17:35 > 0:17:42These student oaths - there's around 350 to 370 individual student oaths.
0:17:42 > 0:17:45And the oaths are a document that each student
0:17:45 > 0:17:48coming into Salamanca would have to sign.
0:17:48 > 0:17:53And it's basically saying that he is signing up to be a student,
0:17:53 > 0:17:56a seminarian in the Irish college in Salamanca.
0:17:56 > 0:17:58And that he's going to follow the rules
0:17:58 > 0:18:00and regulations of the college
0:18:00 > 0:18:02and he's going to study as a seminarian.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05The first one that we have here is, actually...
0:18:05 > 0:18:08it's dated...erm...1595.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11And this is Nicholas Mara, from Kilkenny.
0:18:11 > 0:18:12So...
0:18:12 > 0:18:15- "Nicholas Mara, Cill Chainnigh."- Yeah.
0:18:15 > 0:18:19- All signed...written in Latin. - Yes.- And they're actually written
0:18:19 > 0:18:21by the students themselves
0:18:21 > 0:18:22and they would have signed them off,
0:18:22 > 0:18:27because each oath would have individual, er, penmanship.
0:18:33 > 0:18:36This is quite a peculiar story
0:18:36 > 0:18:40of a group of students in 1751.
0:18:40 > 0:18:43They were expelled from the college, essentially for...
0:18:43 > 0:18:46they had befriended a tailor that lived in Salamanca.
0:18:46 > 0:18:50This tailor was doing business, but he didn't have anywhere to live.
0:18:50 > 0:18:53So, without the permission of the rector or the vice rector,
0:18:53 > 0:18:56they took the tailor into the college and the tailor actually
0:18:56 > 0:18:59lived there for about two or three weeks, without the rector knowing.
0:18:59 > 0:19:03So, as soon the rector found out that this tailor was residing
0:19:03 > 0:19:05in their college, he expelled...
0:19:05 > 0:19:08There was a group of students.
0:19:08 > 0:19:11"Sheahy from Clonmel, Curran from Dublin, White from Dublin..."
0:19:11 > 0:19:13- Exactly.- "..from County Louth."
0:19:13 > 0:19:15But here we've got...look,
0:19:15 > 0:19:18he accidentally called at the Irish college to beg charity...
0:19:18 > 0:19:21- and saying he was a tailor by trade.- Uh-hm.
0:19:21 > 0:19:23- And he's let in.- Yup.
0:19:51 > 0:19:55This is just them being... At home, they would have welcomed tailors...
0:19:55 > 0:19:57It wasn't being criminal, it was just...
0:19:57 > 0:19:59- letting people stay the night. - Yeah, but it was...
0:19:59 > 0:20:01They went against the rules of the college
0:20:01 > 0:20:04- and that was very much frowned upon. - And if you look...
0:20:04 > 0:20:07- "And sheltered the tailor, contrary to express orders."- Yep.
0:20:07 > 0:20:09LAUGHTER
0:20:09 > 0:20:11- I'm with the lads, on this one.- Oh!
0:20:11 > 0:20:12SHE CHUCKLES
0:20:38 > 0:20:43Now, it's not the original, but it's a copy of the decree
0:20:43 > 0:20:47- made by the King of England. So, it was published in Dublin.- Yes.
0:20:47 > 0:20:53- SHE TRANSLATES: - "In Ireland. 1624.
0:20:53 > 0:20:57"By the King of England against the Catholics."
0:20:57 > 0:21:00It's quite a lengthy document, but, throughout it, the King is
0:21:00 > 0:21:05quite adamant that no Catholics are to follow the Catholic faith.
0:21:05 > 0:21:08And that they are banished from the country.
0:21:08 > 0:21:12So, from this banishment came a great migration.
0:21:12 > 0:21:15Especially religious migration, into Europe.
0:21:15 > 0:21:17And hence, the Irish colleges were born...
0:21:17 > 0:21:21- around Spain, countries like Spain and France.- Yes.
0:21:21 > 0:21:25Further on, we have another account of...
0:21:25 > 0:21:27an Irish priest...
0:21:27 > 0:21:32- SHE TRANSLATES: - ..so Eugene Bernard.- Yes. - And this is an account of,
0:21:32 > 0:21:36a personal account of when he's finished his studies in Salamanca
0:21:36 > 0:21:40and he's actually gone back to Galway... Galway there.
0:21:40 > 0:21:45And the main thrust of his account is that he found it very difficult.
0:21:45 > 0:21:49He doesn't feel safe as a Catholic, to walk out of his own house, erm,
0:21:49 > 0:21:56- in Galway.- Yes. - And he's just been ordained.- Yeah.
0:21:56 > 0:22:00And, erm, he refers to Galway -
0:22:00 > 0:22:03"The hellish wolves that reside in this...
0:22:03 > 0:22:05"this town."
0:22:05 > 0:22:09In this, he feels very persecuted for being a Catholic priest.
0:22:09 > 0:22:13At nights... So, he's afraid to go out at nights, even in Galway?
0:22:13 > 0:22:14In Galway, yep, yeah.
0:24:24 > 0:24:25Oh, look...
0:24:25 > 0:24:27ART SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:24:29 > 0:24:31I suppose When you are feeling a bit sick,
0:24:31 > 0:24:34a bar of chocolate picks you up a bit.
0:24:34 > 0:24:37Yeah, although I think that the chocolate is...
0:24:37 > 0:24:40- still today... It's drink, hot drinking chocolate.- Yes, yes, yes.
0:24:40 > 0:24:43So, I think it would be a perfect tonic for the sick.
0:24:43 > 0:24:46Yeah, it gives you that feel-good...
0:24:46 > 0:24:47Yeah, make you feel good.
0:24:47 > 0:24:51Erm, and you can see that, in various different weeks...
0:24:51 > 0:24:55that they would give chocolate to the sick.
0:24:55 > 0:24:58Would it encourage hypochondriacs among the student body?
0:24:58 > 0:25:01I don't know, maybe, maybe?
0:25:01 > 0:25:02SHE CHUCKLES
0:25:23 > 0:25:25ART SPEAKS IN SPANISH
0:25:25 > 0:25:28Here's an Irishman, here's Spanish. Here's the V like a B,
0:25:28 > 0:25:30and instead of "Verdura" puts down "Berdura".
0:25:30 > 0:25:33Yeah, it's a spelling mistake, but that's the way...
0:25:33 > 0:25:35Oh, but this is wonderful for a linguist.
0:25:35 > 0:25:37This is how we make our living, you know?
0:25:37 > 0:25:39By analysing so-called "mistakes".
0:25:39 > 0:25:42Exactly, cos that could change the spelling, you know, as years go by.
0:25:42 > 0:25:44But that's the way that he's...
0:25:44 > 0:25:47Because in Spanish, the Vauxhall Nova meant "No ba" - "doesn't go."
0:25:47 > 0:25:50So, they couldn't call it Vauxhall Nova in Spain, because it meant,
0:25:50 > 0:25:52- "No ba." - SHE LAUGHS
0:25:52 > 0:25:56- You see...- A contemporary example of what was happening back in 1770.
0:25:56 > 0:25:59- People having trouble with their bowels in Spanish?- Yes.
0:25:59 > 0:26:02- Instead of their vowels.- Yeah.
0:26:02 > 0:26:03LAUGHTER
0:26:03 > 0:26:05All coming through, again and again.
0:26:05 > 0:26:06SHE CHUCKLES
0:26:06 > 0:26:09But for the dialectologist, this is wonderful, you know.
0:26:09 > 0:26:12- Absolutely.- We're getting what they've eaten, bought, sent,
0:26:12 > 0:26:14lit up. And then we're getting how they said this stuff.
0:26:14 > 0:26:17- Exactly.- How they're coping with the new language, really.
0:26:17 > 0:26:20And how it sounded. It's a wonderful, wonderful resource.
0:26:20 > 0:26:23- Yes, absolutely, yes. - So much in there.
0:26:23 > 0:26:25There's a lot of information there.
0:26:25 > 0:26:28- Yes, yes, yes. We've got to get that out there, Susan.- Yes!
0:26:28 > 0:26:29SHE CHUCKLES
0:26:36 > 0:26:39BIRDSONG