:00:00. > :00:11.More news at the top of the hour. Now, it is Our World.
:00:12. > :00:18.Mosul, a city at the centre of the battle fought Iraq. The world looks
:00:19. > :00:22.on powerless as a new force takes control of Iraq's second city. And
:00:23. > :00:39.an Islamic state is declared. Last year, I visited the city to
:00:40. > :00:43.tell the story of four members of a flying club. Ordinary citizens
:00:44. > :00:50.determined to keep their dreams alive in the face of war. Today,
:00:51. > :00:54.those dreams seem shattered. TRANSLATION: I don't even know
:00:55. > :01:02.whether the new rulers will allow us to fly. Flying is my life, but now
:01:03. > :01:10.my priority is the lives of my children. I have been back to the
:01:11. > :01:12.region, and obtained rarely seen footage of the impact of the
:01:13. > :01:31.extraordinary rise of ISIS. Last year, I came to this hill on
:01:32. > :01:36.the outskirts of Mosul to tell the story of four people who escaped
:01:37. > :01:46.from life in one of the world's most dangerous cities, to learn to
:01:47. > :01:54.paraglide. I met four extraordinary Iraqis. There was the leader of the
:01:55. > :01:57.group... TRANSLATION: Even if I lived in a modern, beautiful city
:01:58. > :02:02.with big buildings and lots of greenery, it still doesn't compare
:02:03. > :02:10.to living amongst my people and my family. His daredevil son...
:02:11. > :02:20.TRANSLATION: I would only live in Iraq, the best country. A devout
:02:21. > :02:29.Christian and devoted flyer... TRANSLATION: I love flying. My love
:02:30. > :02:32.for flying runs in my blood now. And new member, a 42`year`old recently
:02:33. > :02:41.divorced woman, up for a challenge... TRANSLATION: Up their
:02:42. > :02:48.everything sad, everything violent, it is gone, all of your mind is on
:02:49. > :02:54.flying. He feel that you are free. For this aviation club, the Friday
:02:55. > :03:05.outings offered respite from the horrors of daily life in Mosul. The
:03:06. > :03:09.city was gripped by fear, a frustrated Sunni population was
:03:10. > :03:17.protesting against the wall of Baghdad's Shi'ite dominated
:03:18. > :03:21.government and army. Al Qaeda had made the city its base, frequently
:03:22. > :03:32.detonating car bombs with devastating effect. Five weeks ago,
:03:33. > :03:35.it got even worse. The world was stunned when Mosul unexpectedly fell
:03:36. > :03:42.to a rampaging army of Sunni militants. As the defeated Iraqi
:03:43. > :03:46.army fled Mosul and the citizens stoned their escaping tanks, the new
:03:47. > :03:55.force was quick to flaunt its brutality. ISIS is a grouping of
:03:56. > :04:02.some of the world's most violent Sunni militants, so extreme they
:04:03. > :04:12.have been disowned by Al Qaeda. In less than a week, their army took
:04:13. > :04:15.Mosul and threatened Baghdad. Their goal is to establish an
:04:16. > :04:27.ultraconservative state across the Middle East, based on Sharia law. A
:04:28. > :04:31.caliphate. I couldn't imagine how the friends I had made here could
:04:32. > :04:35.live under this regime. I wanted to see if I could find some of the
:04:36. > :04:43.members of the flying club that I had met last year. As Western
:04:44. > :04:55.journalist, how close can you get to Mosul today? I began my journey by
:04:56. > :05:00.flying into Irbil before driving into the city. To begin with, the
:05:01. > :05:10.checkpoints under control of Kurdish soldiers are friendly. BBC. BBC? We
:05:11. > :05:19.are approaching the second last checkpoint before reaching Mosul,
:05:20. > :05:22.still under Kurdish control. As you get closer to Mosul, the situation
:05:23. > :05:34.at the checkpoints becomes more tense. Hello. BBC. They have warned
:05:35. > :05:40.us that beyond this point there is only one more checkpoint and then
:05:41. > :05:44.they no longer control this area. Suddenly, our driver stops the car.
:05:45. > :05:51.He has been waived down by the Kurdish soldiers. I jumped out to
:05:52. > :05:54.take a closer look. We have just arrived at the last checkpoint
:05:55. > :06:02.before we reach ISIS territory. 500 metres down that road is where the
:06:03. > :06:04.insurgents are. That sign over their says, warning, do not go beyond this
:06:05. > :06:08.point. So, we are staying right here. Then a group of soldiers, led
:06:09. > :06:18.by a brigadier, comes marching towards me. The Kurdish soldiers who
:06:19. > :06:23.guard this checkpoint are concerned about their fragile truce with ISIS.
:06:24. > :06:33.It is a gentleman is agreement, he tells me. But if it breaks, they
:06:34. > :06:34.will use it to assert independence. Does it worry your men that ISIS is
:06:35. > :06:56.just 500 metres away? There to tell us how time is up, we
:06:57. > :07:06.need to leave this place. There may not be any fighting going on, but it
:07:07. > :07:11.is an uneasy calm `` Peshmerga. The difficulty of moving around the
:07:12. > :07:15.outskirts of Mosul made me think of this woman. Even last year, as a
:07:16. > :07:20.woman in the city, she faced many restrictions. The flying club was
:07:21. > :07:24.one place she could escape. When I first met her, she was a strong,
:07:25. > :07:32.positive and determined woman. Flying had given her life purpose.
:07:33. > :07:42.Just as I could not get into her city, she couldn't get out. From the
:07:43. > :07:50.relative safety of Irbil, I did manage to speak to her on the phone.
:07:51. > :08:07.Are you safe now? There is little electricity or fuel in the city.
:08:08. > :08:11.Despite this, she will not leave her home town. What are your dreams
:08:12. > :08:22.now, for yourself and for your country?
:08:23. > :08:30.Even last year, the people in Mosul worked as denied peace, caught in a
:08:31. > :08:34.violent struggle between Sawley militia in the predominantly Shia
:08:35. > :08:39.army. Nonetheless, I did manage to go to Mosul at the invitation of the
:08:40. > :08:45.Saudi government. The encounter turned out to be hugely prophetic.
:08:46. > :08:50.It was clear that the government's sympathies lay with the Sony
:08:51. > :08:53.citizens, angry with the discrimination they felt they
:08:54. > :09:23.received from the mainly Shi'ite government in Baghdad. `` Sunni.
:09:24. > :09:34.The Governor has now fled Mosul. Today, the black flag of ISIS flies
:09:35. > :09:40.over his office in the city. These rarely seen shots from inside Mosul
:09:41. > :09:45.are taken from a local contact, and they show the city under ISIS
:09:46. > :09:51.control. They are keen to show that control, with near daily parades.
:09:52. > :09:55.For them, it is not just about taking over the city. They want to
:09:56. > :10:06.show they can run it as well, getting the city back to work. That
:10:07. > :10:13.is not enough for thousands of people, who have fled. Some have
:10:14. > :10:21.been taken in by friends and family, others using their savings for a
:10:22. > :10:26.place to stay. But, for those with nowhere else to go, this refugee
:10:27. > :10:34.camp halfway between Mosul and Irbil, has become home. I assumed
:10:35. > :10:42.most people here would be of ISIS, but intent after tent, that is not
:10:43. > :10:47.the story I heard. This man, a Sunni, fled his village on the
:10:48. > :10:52.outskirts of Mosul with his wife and two daughters. TRANSLATION:
:10:53. > :10:56.Insurgents are not foreigners, they are members of tribes. They are here
:10:57. > :11:03.to end the regime of Nouri al`Maliki. They are my countrymen,
:11:04. > :11:07.and I defend them with my soul. If it wasn't for my family, I would be
:11:08. > :11:13.the first to go and fight with them. They are our brothers. This is
:11:14. > :11:21.a revolution of the Iraqi people, it is not ISIS. This is the Iraqi
:11:22. > :11:27.people's revolution. In another tent, I met a soldier who had
:11:28. > :11:35.defected. He recounted the moment when ISIS came to his base.
:11:36. > :11:39.TRANSLATION: I thought, I am a dead man. I am talking to you but I am
:11:40. > :11:43.still in shock. I can't believe I am still alive. I am surprised by the
:11:44. > :11:48.insurgents. If you surrender, you give up your weapon, they just take
:11:49. > :11:52.your weapon and leave you alone. The reason I left was because of the
:11:53. > :11:59.bombing. We don't want to go through the same experience that Fallujah
:12:00. > :12:04.went through, with Nouri al`Maliki. While we are in the camp, a
:12:05. > :12:09.prominent politician turned up. He is a former darling of the West, but
:12:10. > :12:12.now sees himself as a serious contender to replace Nouri
:12:13. > :12:15.al`Maliki. Courting the world's media, he offered sympathy to the
:12:16. > :12:26.refugees. They are very frustrated,
:12:27. > :12:31.downtrodden, they have suffered and I believe they should be restored to
:12:32. > :12:35.their homes. A lot of the people here say that
:12:36. > :12:40.they are so concerned about ISIS, they are worried about the military
:12:41. > :12:42.and any potential attacks by the military and ISIS isn't harming
:12:43. > :12:50.civilians. My answer to that on ISIS, this is
:12:51. > :12:58.the beginning. Let them wait and see. But I hope that we can recover
:12:59. > :13:07.the territories lost, especially the city of Mosul. Are you confident
:13:08. > :13:11.al`Maliki can do that? I am confident the government can do
:13:12. > :13:18.that. All this talk of leadership made me talk of the Falcon aviation
:13:19. > :13:22.club's fearless leader. He and his beloved family had decided to stay
:13:23. > :13:30.on in Mosul and it seemed nearly impossible be would meet again. But
:13:31. > :13:33.nothing stops the captain. He and his son had queued for three days
:13:34. > :13:39.for petrol and braved the cheque points to drive out and meet me.
:13:40. > :13:52.Despite this, he was still smiling. `` checkpoints. Hallow! Higher. Nice
:13:53. > :13:57.to see you. `` hello! Hi. We met for a pre` Ramadan meal. Since the fall
:13:58. > :14:00.of Saddam Hussein, he has seen leaders come and go. I wondered what
:14:01. > :14:03.he made of the recent events. TRANSLATION: When the dust settles
:14:04. > :14:09.everything will return to normal. At the end of the day, we are Iraqi and
:14:10. > :14:16.we are staying put, no matter what the circumstances. Look, there are
:14:17. > :14:20.30 million Iraqis. There might be one or 2000 politicians and the
:14:21. > :14:28.politicians, either the new ones or the old ones, will eventually
:14:29. > :14:31.realise this. But I was worried about his son, who seemed more
:14:32. > :14:39.effective than his father by what had happened to his city. He was
:14:40. > :14:48.eager to show me a video of his last flight, before the ISIS takeover.
:14:49. > :14:53.When we saw him last `` last year, he had seemed carefree. Even cocky.
:14:54. > :14:58.But now his passion for flying gave him a particular reason to fear a
:14:59. > :15:04.city ruled by ISIS. TRANSLATION: Look, I'm studying aviation. Do what
:15:05. > :15:09.the new rulers will think about that. It might not be supported by
:15:10. > :15:16.them. It might be considered by them as breaking their new laws. And if
:15:17. > :15:21.you never fly a gain? TRANSLATION: No, I do know what will happen. Then
:15:22. > :15:25.you ask this question to someone who is addicted to a certain hobby, I
:15:26. > :15:29.can't imagine my reaction if I was told I could never fly again. Is
:15:30. > :15:35.this what is upsetting you most? TRANSLATION: Not only that, I'm more
:15:36. > :15:40.upset because of the current of Mosul. The city, its people, what
:15:41. > :15:47.they've been through. Don't deserve this. Personally, when I walk along
:15:48. > :15:52.the roads, the dust and houses and everything that Mosul is, I feel
:15:53. > :15:59.like crying now. That's what makes me sad. But as a young man in Mosul
:16:00. > :16:04.the end of the Army curfews has made his life easier in some respects.
:16:05. > :16:10.TRANSLATION: The army used to arrest young people unfairly. I have been
:16:11. > :16:15.arrested at 2am and the reason given to me was that I was wearing
:16:16. > :16:20.trainers. They hit me on both my back and my head with all types of
:16:21. > :16:28.weapons. I had to stay in bed for a week, being visited by a doctor.
:16:29. > :16:35.Now, nothing like that happens here. Will you leave Mosul? A fish dies
:16:36. > :16:42.outside the water. How could I leave Mosul? We said goodbye with promises
:16:43. > :16:49.to try and think again. Thank you very much. Take care. But I wondered
:16:50. > :16:54.if the next time we met it really would be in Mosul. Or even a united
:16:55. > :17:09.Iraq. Iraq has long been divided between
:17:10. > :17:20.Sunni and sheer Mac. Now the Sunni tribes have joined forces with the
:17:21. > :17:29.ISIS militants. `` Shia. I meant one of the most prominent Sunni leaders.
:17:30. > :17:41.This is a violent uprising and a violent insurgency. What's caused
:17:42. > :17:48.it? TRANSLATION: No, this is a revolution of the tribes. It is the
:17:49. > :17:52.Sunnis revolution against oppression and injustice. Unfortunately there
:17:53. > :17:56.are some who claim it is an ISIS revolution, a terrorist revolution
:17:57. > :18:03.but it's not. It's revolution against injustice against the
:18:04. > :18:09.legitimate demands of Sunnis. The political process has led to
:18:10. > :18:15.significant arming of Sunnis right. Are you finding the insurgents? ``
:18:16. > :18:21.funding. These are tribesmen, not terrorists. The issue isn't funding.
:18:22. > :18:25.These are already organised and armed militia and most of them are
:18:26. > :18:33.former army officials and security officials or policemen, or fighters
:18:34. > :18:36.from Sunni tribes. But he is clear that his alliance with the Islamist
:18:37. > :18:45.of ISIS is merely a marriage of convenience. `` Islamists. Fighting
:18:46. > :18:48.ISIS isn't on the agenda at the moment. But after we resolve our
:18:49. > :18:53.conflict with the government, then we will fight ISIS, just as we
:18:54. > :18:58.previously fought terrorism in 2006 and 2007. After that, we will have
:18:59. > :19:04.our rights to spec `` respected but we will never fight ISIS on behalf
:19:05. > :19:09.of Nouri al`Maliki. You believe Iraq can remain one country? `` do you
:19:10. > :19:14.believe. The country will be divided. Iraq has no escape from
:19:15. > :19:28.this division. For many, the dream of a united Iraq
:19:29. > :19:32.has already ended. One of the members of the club I met last year
:19:33. > :19:39.was a Christian. Targeted by extremists, the doctor has now fled
:19:40. > :19:44.to Jordan with her family. The physical education teacher who
:19:45. > :19:50.trained young women at Mosul University, she was the first female
:19:51. > :19:55.hand glider in the Arab world. But that life and that world has gone.
:19:56. > :20:00.TRANSLATION: I think Iraq is going to be divided. When this happens,
:20:01. > :20:08.minorities like us will have no place in Iraq. I had to leave my
:20:09. > :20:14.mother behind. She is ill and could leave with me. That's my biggest
:20:15. > :20:19.loss. `` couldn't leave. Siblings are left behind as well. I don't
:20:20. > :20:28.know if I'll see them again. I've lost my friends, my job, my life.
:20:29. > :20:34.All she wants now is to be safe. TRANSLATION: My dream now is finding
:20:35. > :20:39.a new home. Somewhere to be in with my children and husband, to start a
:20:40. > :20:40.new life from scratch with my children and let them finish their
:20:41. > :20:52.studies. Last year, when I first met the
:20:53. > :20:56.members of the aviation club, they were living in Iraq's most dangerous
:20:57. > :21:00.city. But they still had so much hope that there was a brighter
:21:01. > :21:07.future ahead for it Iraq as one country. To meet them only one year
:21:08. > :21:12.later and see them grounded, simply focused on daily survival, rather
:21:13. > :21:18.than their dreams, gave me a small insight into the lives of millions
:21:19. > :21:26.of Iraqis. For all of them, the hope of a peaceful homeland is becoming
:21:27. > :21:28.more and more distant dream. `` a distant dream. Do you think you'll
:21:29. > :21:53.leave Mosul? TRANSLATION: I'm not a politician. I
:21:54. > :21:58.never worked for the government and I never will. My only passion is for
:21:59. > :22:06.flying. This keeps me away from getting involved in politics.
:22:07. > :22:13.TRANSLATION: Flying is my life but now my priority is the lives of my
:22:14. > :22:18.children and myself. I'll always miss flying but now I'll only do it
:22:19. > :22:24.when my circumstances allow. TRANSLATION: My dream is to continue
:22:25. > :22:29.my studies and to become a civil pilot. I want one day to look at the
:22:30. > :22:32.shoulder and see the four gold stripes there, which shows the world
:22:33. > :22:35.I am a pilot.