:00:00. > :00:24.For one violent, Celtic might this summer, Turks violated tanks to
:00:25. > :00:35.attend defeat. At least 250 people died. Democracy was saved and the
:00:36. > :00:36.country rejoiced. Now the hunt for the conspirators has cost more than
:00:37. > :00:53.100,000 people their jobs. The government says it is cleansing
:00:54. > :01:00.Turkey of a virus, but is it also creating a state of fear? They are
:01:01. > :01:02.trying to eradicate all opposition. What's the real purpose of Turkey's
:01:03. > :01:28.cleansing and gone too far? Monday morning at a school on the
:01:29. > :01:34.far fringes of Istanbul. Pupils throughout Turkey are singing the
:01:35. > :01:42.national anthem at this moment. But here, there's something called. --
:01:43. > :01:48.odd. This is a huge school, with very few kids. Most of the
:01:49. > :01:55.classrooms are empty. The school's not new, it has just changed
:01:56. > :01:57.management. What was a private institution has been taken over by
:01:58. > :02:11.the state. And it is starting fresh, with only
:02:12. > :02:18.the youngest age group. Like all the staff, the headmaster is new too. So
:02:19. > :02:23.this is the park that has seen good here to commemorate the defeat of
:02:24. > :02:27.the Ku? -- the plaque. And the school has a new identity, it has
:02:28. > :02:32.been renamed after the policemen killed by soldiers on the night of
:02:33. > :02:34.July the 15th, when senior military officers tried to overthrow Turkey's
:02:35. > :03:08.collective government. More than 900 formally private
:03:09. > :03:12.schools like this have been taken over by the state. We've been
:03:13. > :03:20.showing this school as a shining example of the new coup Turkey,
:03:21. > :03:23.moving forward confidently now that the threat of democracy has been
:03:24. > :03:27.removed. But of course this place was by people now considered enemies
:03:28. > :03:35.of the state. By people whose leader is regarded by the day's pupils as a
:03:36. > :03:44.terrorist. I am Turkish and they will be forever, but I think he
:03:45. > :03:54.isn't. He is always doing something bad for Turkish people, because of
:03:55. > :04:00.that I hate him. He is a 75-year-old Islamic preacher living in
:04:01. > :04:05.self-imposed exile in the united states -- United States. The
:04:06. > :04:09.graduates of his many schools have formed a powerful old boys network,
:04:10. > :04:21.what some now call a parallel state. He condemned the coup and denies any
:04:22. > :04:27.links to it. President Erdogan claimed he masterminded the
:04:28. > :04:33.conspiracy. Now the Ministry of Education in Ankara, where many
:04:34. > :04:35.Gulenists works, is leading an attempt to cleanse Turkey of what he
:04:36. > :05:24.calls a virus. Now those alleged infiltrators are
:05:25. > :05:31.being purged on a massive scale. 50,000 were sacked in just one
:05:32. > :05:35.decree published online. On the list are teachers and academics, like
:05:36. > :05:41.this history lecturer in eastern Turkey, and people from every walk
:05:42. > :05:45.of life. This has profession after profession, so many areas of public
:05:46. > :05:53.life. Secretaries, typists, inspectors, nurses, doctors,
:05:54. > :06:00.midwives, Cook. Cook. The list goes on and on. Yes. This is
:06:01. > :06:11.extraordinary. In total, 253. You see my name. Associated professor.
:06:12. > :06:15.Department of history. Now he is an excess are shipped professor and his
:06:16. > :06:22.life is falling apart. -- X associated. Under investigation for
:06:23. > :06:26.links to Gulen, he can't go abroad, access his bank account or get any
:06:27. > :06:34.other academic job. And what's the evidence against him? The bookie
:06:35. > :06:40.owns by Fethullah Gulen. Before, a friend of mine had seen that book in
:06:41. > :06:44.my office and told me, oh, remove this book, it is dangerous. I told
:06:45. > :06:49.him, that's ridiculous, I'm an academic. To make it more
:06:50. > :06:53.ridiculous, he says he was using quotations of the book to Twitter
:06:54. > :06:58.against Gulen. You can just search my name and Fethullah Gulen on
:06:59. > :07:03.Twitter and you will see posts bear from two years ago. He thinks Gulen
:07:04. > :07:16.is a dangerous extremist. I have underlined his words. So they
:07:17. > :07:22.accused you of being a Gulenist, on the strength of finding one book by
:07:23. > :07:23.him in your university offers? Yes, that's the only evidence they can
:07:24. > :07:41.talk. -- talk of. He is a socialist and a pierced
:07:42. > :07:46.against everything Gulen stands for. But he is also against Turkey's
:07:47. > :07:48.Islamist government. He is a troublemaker who opposes the
:07:49. > :07:57.military campaign against Kurdish rebels and has tried to sue both
:07:58. > :08:01.President Erdogan and is on university bosses. He thinks that's
:08:02. > :08:05.the real reason he has been sacked, but he is very much at home in this
:08:06. > :08:06.left-wing town, which the state has always found troublesome, or the
:08:07. > :08:19.people certainly aren't Gulenists. It is hard to imagine anywhere in
:08:20. > :08:25.Turkey less likely to have been involved in the coup that this town,
:08:26. > :08:28.the only place in a country where the Gulenist movement failed to
:08:29. > :08:32.establish any kind of organisation. A town with a strong secular
:08:33. > :08:39.tradition, where a religious brotherhood could never have taken
:08:40. > :08:42.root. And yet since the coup all these local teachers and more have
:08:43. > :08:49.been suspended from their jobs for allegedly supporting terror. They
:08:50. > :08:59.are all members of the left-wing, pro-Kurdish teachers posture we
:09:00. > :09:07.union. -- teacher's union. They vowed to go on protesting until they
:09:08. > :09:13.are reinstated. Their kids are backing them all the way. It is a
:09:14. > :09:18.real mark of the rebellious spirit of this town that the daily protest
:09:19. > :09:22.here has now been going on for several weeks and is attended not
:09:23. > :09:30.just by suspended teachers but also by parents and students.
:09:31. > :09:37.There is a long tradition of solidarity here and of respect for
:09:38. > :09:43.teachers. This region gets some of the best exam
:09:44. > :09:58.This region gets some of the best exam results in Turkey.
:09:59. > :10:20.the total number of Turks caught in the post to cleansing has reached
:10:21. > :10:25.105,000, including police soldiers and judges and nearly 35,000 have
:10:26. > :10:30.been arrested. Some may well be guilty but it's hard to believe that
:10:31. > :10:34.so many people, or even a fraction of that number, can have known about
:10:35. > :10:41.a conspiracy which had to be as secret as possible. Thousands who
:10:42. > :10:46.protest that they, or relatives, are reticent to have sought advice here,
:10:47. > :10:51.at the Ankara headquarters of Turkey's main opposition party, the
:10:52. > :10:56.CHP. This nurse, married to an hour forced technician, can't get over
:10:57. > :10:59.the humiliation of his arrest as a suspected Gulenist. She says there
:11:00. > :11:01.is no evidence against her husband and does not want to give his name
:11:02. > :11:30.but the family are now shunned. Many seeking legal advice here don't
:11:31. > :12:21.even know who has accused them. I've met so many people here whose
:12:22. > :12:25.world has suddenly collapsed. They've lost their livelihoods,
:12:26. > :12:28.their jobs and have even become social outcasts because of
:12:29. > :12:34.accusations, usually anonymous, but they were in some way involved in
:12:35. > :12:38.the coup. One woman even shouldered me her children's friends were not
:12:39. > :12:41.allowed to come play any more and most of these people are reluctant
:12:42. > :12:50.to be interviewed because they think that will make it even harder to get
:12:51. > :12:56.justice. This woman is a brave exception. She's packing clothes to
:12:57. > :13:01.take to her brother, a military officer arrested after the coup
:13:02. > :13:05.attempt. He is in jail and like others arrested will be tried in due
:13:06. > :13:30.course but she doesn't think the process will be fair and she is
:13:31. > :13:34.daring to publicise his case. To seek justice for them, she has come
:13:35. > :13:36.to Ankara to launch a public campaign. The stage of emergency
:13:37. > :14:02.begins Solidarity form. Some people, she says, have been
:14:03. > :14:07.sacked, just because their child went to a Gulen School because they
:14:08. > :14:14.kept money in a Gulen bank. Or because they scored a high exam mark
:14:15. > :14:35.when some Gulenists are said to have cheated. The sense of injustice is
:14:36. > :14:39.too much to some to be out. But the event is not well attended. The
:14:40. > :14:46.mainstream media do not cover it at all. More and more, they repeat the
:14:47. > :14:59.government line and they are talking about enemies, not victims. Every
:15:00. > :15:04.day, you open the paper here and there is more stories about the
:15:05. > :15:09.conspiracy behind the coup and more risks of people dismissed or
:15:10. > :15:16.arrested and just in this one, going down the list, there is 60 people
:15:17. > :15:20.taken into custody in Antalya, nine employees of the Ministry of foreign
:15:21. > :15:27.affairs arrested in Ankara, 13 people taken into custody in Konya,
:15:28. > :15:36.in the middle of the country and the list goes on and there will be more
:15:37. > :15:40.tomorrow, and the day after. Even Bharat in the countryside, hundreds
:15:41. > :15:45.of miles from Ankara or Istanbul, the hunt for Gulenists is taking its
:15:46. > :15:55.toll. Leaving crops to shrivel in the fields. Ismail as a cucumber
:15:56. > :16:03.farmer. But the canning firm that bought all his produce was taken
:16:04. > :16:06.over by the state. Because it is said to have belonged to Gulenists
:16:07. > :16:45.and four months, the new trustee didn't make any payments. Up in the
:16:46. > :16:49.village, everyone has the same complaint. The whole district
:16:50. > :16:55.depended on that single canning firm. Part payment for an earlier
:16:56. > :17:17.crop has now been made that they have had to tighten their belts.
:17:18. > :17:24.And you can find places all over Turkey is suffering like this.
:17:25. > :17:28.Hundreds of alleged Gulenist firms employing hundreds of thousands of
:17:29. > :17:40.people have been taken over by the state. Back at the Ministry of
:17:41. > :17:45.Education in Ankara, civil servants are anxious to. Nobody knows who may
:17:46. > :17:49.be dismissed next. Teachers or others who say they have been
:17:50. > :17:53.wrongly accused can apply to special government complaint centres but the
:17:54. > :17:57.state doesn't expect that many people will be reinstated, certainly
:17:58. > :17:59.not the 28,000 state school teachers who were purged in the first week of
:18:00. > :18:40.dismissals. no such evidence against the history
:18:41. > :18:47.lecturer but he does not think you will get his job back any time soon.
:18:48. > :18:51.Now, everyone is afraid of one day becoming a Gulenist because it is
:18:52. > :18:56.easy. You do not need evidence and those processors may take years.
:18:57. > :19:00.Fighting for reinstatement gets ever harder as new state of emergency
:19:01. > :19:04.measures restrict the work of defence lawyers and shutdown of a
:19:05. > :19:12.more independent media, particularly in Kurdish areas. Democracy is
:19:13. > :19:15.suffering. Now closing down TV channels. They are trying to
:19:16. > :19:28.eradicate all opposition. They are trying to remove people
:19:29. > :19:32.from the state, from universities, from media. But the States is the
:19:33. > :20:17.purge is meant to safeguard democracy, primarily against
:20:18. > :20:22.Gulenists. Isn't there a real atmosphere can of beer now in the
:20:23. > :20:26.country? People looking all bull -- over their shoulder all the time,
:20:27. > :21:00.stating, "Am I about to be denounced simply in order to settle some
:21:01. > :21:05.personal score?" Most Turks still haven't got over the massive shock
:21:06. > :21:11.of July 15. They talk -- they thought military uprisings belonged
:21:12. > :21:13.to history but this one became -- came frighteningly close to
:21:14. > :21:21.succeeding. This is just one reminder of how many ordinary people
:21:22. > :21:25.paid with their lives to defeat the coup and many Turks think it is
:21:26. > :21:28.their sacrifice and heroism that the world should be remembering and not
:21:29. > :21:32.making too much fuss about people who have been wrongfully accused in
:21:33. > :21:41.the course of the subsequent investigation. The public mood is so
:21:42. > :21:46.hostile to alleged traitors that Hilal, the sister of the arrested
:21:47. > :21:49.officer, does not want to reveal his name or show his picture but she is
:21:50. > :22:12.determined to go on campaigning to have exonerate him and others.
:22:13. > :22:18.It is likely to be a long struggle and the signs are, it will get ever
:22:19. > :22:23.lonelier.