0:00:02 > 0:00:03Come on, Scratcher.
0:00:05 > 0:00:08My name's Chris Packham and I'm a wildlife enthusiast and a
0:00:08 > 0:00:09keen photographer.
0:00:12 > 0:00:13Come on, let's go.
0:00:14 > 0:00:1820 years ago I was filming a documentary in the Sumatran
0:00:18 > 0:00:20rainforests of Indonesia.
0:00:22 > 0:00:26And there I had an encounter with a tribe of hunter-gatherers.
0:00:27 > 0:00:31They were called the Orang Rimba and they lived in perfect harmony
0:00:31 > 0:00:33with their jungle home.
0:00:33 > 0:00:35And I've never forgotten them.
0:00:36 > 0:00:42In many ways, that was one of the greatest moments of my entire life.
0:00:43 > 0:00:48I took one photograph that's become particularly special to me -
0:00:48 > 0:00:49a photograph of a young girl.
0:00:53 > 0:00:57Her lifetime has coincided with some of the biggest environmental changes
0:00:57 > 0:00:59our world has ever seen.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02And Sumatra has been at the forefront,
0:01:02 > 0:01:06with millions of hectares of rainforest being destroyed so that
0:01:06 > 0:01:10plantations of highly productive crops can be grown in their place.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14She's become a sort of barometer for me,
0:01:14 > 0:01:18a way of measuring the condition of our planet.
0:01:18 > 0:01:23If she is still out there, living harmoniously in that environment,
0:01:23 > 0:01:26then there's hope for us all.
0:01:26 > 0:01:30But if we've robbed her of her habitat,
0:01:30 > 0:01:33then we really have got something to fear.
0:01:34 > 0:01:39So, 20 years on, I'm going back to Sumatra to try and find her.
0:01:40 > 0:01:42This is definitely the right sort of terrain.
0:01:42 > 0:01:45The photo is my only link.
0:01:45 > 0:01:49This girl was about six or seven in 1998.
0:01:49 > 0:01:51I've no idea where she might be.
0:01:51 > 0:01:55This whole task is far greater than I ever imagined it would be.
0:01:55 > 0:01:59I don't even know her name, what's happened to her forest...
0:01:59 > 0:02:00Ouch!
0:02:00 > 0:02:04..and whether there is still a place in it for her.
0:02:04 > 0:02:05So, million-dollar question...
0:02:06 > 0:02:09..was this girl one of the children that was killed?
0:02:14 > 0:02:17I'm determined to find out what happened.
0:02:17 > 0:02:21I've got one chance to see whether these people still exist.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39Yeah, here she is.
0:02:41 > 0:02:44In 1998 in a sweaty glade in Sumatra,
0:02:44 > 0:02:49I found this one girl and her tribe that were living entirely
0:02:49 > 0:02:51harmoniously in that environment.
0:02:55 > 0:02:58I had found in those people what I've seen in other species
0:02:58 > 0:03:01all of my life, and so admired.
0:03:01 > 0:03:06What they needed was not any possessions, it was their environment.
0:03:06 > 0:03:07That was the beauty.
0:03:11 > 0:03:14Now, I don't know exactly what's happened on the ground in Sumatra
0:03:14 > 0:03:16over the last 20 years,
0:03:16 > 0:03:20but I do know that my chances of finding that girl and her tribe
0:03:20 > 0:03:23thriving in those forests are dwindling by the day.
0:03:26 > 0:03:30I'd like to go back to that patch of jungle and find that they were still
0:03:30 > 0:03:34living there sustainably in that forest.
0:03:34 > 0:03:35That would give you some hope?
0:03:35 > 0:03:39- I think it would, yeah. - What if you don't find that?
0:03:39 > 0:03:42Her situation might be radically different.
0:03:42 > 0:03:44This is so meaningful to Chris.
0:03:44 > 0:03:48Very early on in our relationship, I remember seeing that photograph,
0:03:48 > 0:03:51I heard the story and it's always been a feature of conversations.
0:03:51 > 0:03:54A couple of years ago I was out in Sumatra doing some conservation
0:03:54 > 0:03:58work - often we were trekking into the heart of the forests.
0:03:58 > 0:04:01It was like a bit of a ghost town, there was just no sign of life.
0:04:04 > 0:04:07And how far away was the nearest village, then, from...?
0:04:07 > 0:04:09- Oh, miles.- We would make an assumption
0:04:09 > 0:04:12that the younger generation would want to stay.
0:04:12 > 0:04:16But would they, if they had awareness of the outside world?
0:04:16 > 0:04:18Would they want to gravitate towards that?
0:04:18 > 0:04:19You don't know, do you?
0:04:21 > 0:04:23I'm excited for him going.
0:04:23 > 0:04:27But I'm also kind of dreading him coming back, you know, with bad news.
0:04:27 > 0:04:31I know he'll be devastated if he comes back and finds that she is,
0:04:31 > 0:04:35worst case scenario, no longer alive, or no longer living as she did.
0:04:39 > 0:04:42I am... I'm worried about it if you want to know.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48But if it ends badly, let's not hide from the fact.
0:04:48 > 0:04:52Sometimes the harsh reality of the world that we've made needs to be
0:04:52 > 0:04:54presented to people.
0:04:54 > 0:04:57You can't keep on covering up the damage.
0:04:57 > 0:04:59Sometimes it has to hurt.
0:04:59 > 0:05:03And that hurt can stimulate people to try and make a difference.
0:05:04 > 0:05:07So if it's a catastrophe, if there's no forest left...
0:05:09 > 0:05:10..then that story must be told.
0:05:19 > 0:05:23I wish I'd been Marco Polo because when he came here in the 1200s,
0:05:23 > 0:05:26this would have been a paradise, you know.
0:05:26 > 0:05:28But there might be little bits of paradise left,
0:05:28 > 0:05:30it may not all be paradise lost.
0:05:38 > 0:05:40I'm arriving in the city of Padang.
0:05:40 > 0:05:44Many of Sumatra's 50 million people earn a living from the island's
0:05:44 > 0:05:46rubber, coffee and palm oil trades,
0:05:46 > 0:05:50all being grown in place of its rainforests.
0:05:50 > 0:05:54And the economy here has exploded since my last visit.
0:05:56 > 0:05:59The principal success here is to find this girl,
0:05:59 > 0:06:01who is now a woman, alive.
0:06:01 > 0:06:06But not living in a shack on the side of the highway or in some
0:06:06 > 0:06:09condominium on the edge of a city somewhere.
0:06:11 > 0:06:15Searching for one woman on the sixth largest island in the world is going
0:06:15 > 0:06:18to be like finding the proverbial needle in a haystack.
0:06:21 > 0:06:25But fortunately, I'm sharing this rather daunting task with local
0:06:25 > 0:06:27producer Shinta.
0:06:27 > 0:06:29Are we down here?
0:06:29 > 0:06:31- We're here. - We're just there, are we?
0:06:31 > 0:06:35Right, OK. Now, the place that I went to was Sungai Penuh.
0:06:35 > 0:06:37We landed at Padang and we had a long,
0:06:37 > 0:06:40very torturous drive to Sungai Penuh,
0:06:40 > 0:06:45and there we met a lady called Debbie Martyr.
0:06:45 > 0:06:47Now, I've got a photograph of Debbie here.
0:06:49 > 0:06:51- There she is.- Oh, yeah.
0:06:51 > 0:06:54She knew someone who knew where they would be.
0:06:54 > 0:06:57I think our first port of call has to be to try and find Debbie
0:06:57 > 0:06:59and see what she can remember.
0:06:59 > 0:07:02I know she's still here because my partner met her
0:07:02 > 0:07:05a couple of years ago out here when she was working with tigers.
0:07:05 > 0:07:06I think that's a good call.
0:07:10 > 0:07:15Debbie's hometown of Sungai Penuh is 150 miles to the south.
0:07:15 > 0:07:18It was where I based myself in 1998.
0:07:20 > 0:07:22Has it changed a lot?
0:07:22 > 0:07:24It was more forested over there.
0:07:24 > 0:07:26So I remember those hills having trees on.
0:07:26 > 0:07:30And the market, I remember the market being just here.
0:07:30 > 0:07:31Yeah, yeah.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35- Shall we go there? - Yeah, let's go down here.
0:07:37 > 0:07:41Sungai Penuh 20 years ago was pretty off the map.
0:07:41 > 0:07:44But now it's rocketed into the 21st century.
0:07:44 > 0:07:47Why do they allow mopeds in here? That's crazy.
0:07:47 > 0:07:51Yeah, I know. This is not supposed to be like that.
0:07:51 > 0:07:55This is madness. Chaos. But it is the perfect place
0:07:55 > 0:07:58to pick up some goodwill gifts for the journey to come.
0:07:58 > 0:08:00Shinta, I was thinking,
0:08:00 > 0:08:02is there some things that we should take?
0:08:02 > 0:08:05- Machete.- Machetes?- This one.
0:08:05 > 0:08:07This one? OK, I'm going to shake this man's hand.
0:08:07 > 0:08:09Yes, that's a deal, yes, that's good.
0:08:09 > 0:08:12As captivating as Sungai Penuh is,
0:08:12 > 0:08:16I'm desperately hoping the girl and her people haven't been drawn out of
0:08:16 > 0:08:20the forest by all of its bright lights and trinkets.
0:08:20 > 0:08:22- Shinta, there you are.- I'm just asking. So we have to go there.
0:08:22 > 0:08:23This way? OK.
0:08:25 > 0:08:28I know the girl's tribe, the Orang Rimba,
0:08:28 > 0:08:32are nomadic and they can cover vast distances on foot.
0:08:32 > 0:08:36Fortunately, Debbie is in the same house she was 20 years ago.
0:08:36 > 0:08:40Debbie is the only one that can give me a starting point on my quest,
0:08:40 > 0:08:44really. Because I don't even know where we went on the map.
0:08:44 > 0:08:45And I need to know that much.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50- Debbie!- Hello.
0:08:50 > 0:08:51It seems like yesterday.
0:08:51 > 0:08:53- Hello, mate.- How are you?
0:08:53 > 0:08:55All right?
0:08:55 > 0:08:57I've got a bit of a sore throat.
0:08:57 > 0:08:59Sit outside shall we, here?
0:09:00 > 0:09:02It doesn't seem like 20 years.
0:09:02 > 0:09:04- It's not that long, surely?- 1998.
0:09:04 > 0:09:07Seriously. I've got some photos, actually, of that encounter.
0:09:07 > 0:09:09A long time ago!
0:09:10 > 0:09:12So look, here's the group, here they are.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16It was fantastic, wasn't it?
0:09:16 > 0:09:18What an amazing afternoon.
0:09:18 > 0:09:22- Yeah.- This was the girl that I photographed.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24Yeah. That's a beautiful picture.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26This picture haunts me, Debbie, I've got to say.
0:09:26 > 0:09:29It was so, so magical.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33The thing is, I'd like to find her.
0:09:33 > 0:09:37I've worried about these people for such a long time.
0:09:37 > 0:09:39So much forest has been lost.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42As the forest has shrunk it becomes more and more difficult for them to
0:09:42 > 0:09:47maintain that traditional lifestyle and they end up on the fringes of
0:09:47 > 0:09:52villages and the group you met got mugged, for want of a better word.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55It was a nasty, violent robbery.
0:09:55 > 0:09:59Four people were killed by these...sons of bitches.
0:10:01 > 0:10:02Isn't that awful?
0:10:04 > 0:10:05- He was killed.- He was killed?
0:10:05 > 0:10:06Yes.
0:10:11 > 0:10:13- And was she killed?- Yes.
0:10:13 > 0:10:16- So she was killed in that too, was she?- Yes.
0:10:18 > 0:10:21But the little girl here, I don't think so.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27What do you think of my chances, then, out of ten,
0:10:27 > 0:10:28of finding this woman?
0:10:30 > 0:10:32- Let's go for three.- Three?
0:10:32 > 0:10:34Do you think that we won't find her because she's dead,
0:10:34 > 0:10:37or do you think that we won't find her because she's moved off and we
0:10:37 > 0:10:39just simply won't be able to find her?
0:10:39 > 0:10:40That I don't know.
0:10:42 > 0:10:44- Well, we're going to look. - You've got to.
0:10:45 > 0:10:46You've got a way to go, boy.
0:10:51 > 0:10:54The attack happened in September 2000 -
0:10:54 > 0:10:56that was two years after I met the tribe.
0:10:56 > 0:10:58It's desperately, desperately sad.
0:10:58 > 0:11:01And piecing it all together,
0:11:01 > 0:11:04they must've been forced out of the jungle because of deforestation,
0:11:04 > 0:11:08ended up too close to a village where they were targeted by robbers,
0:11:08 > 0:11:11and this tragically cost them four of their lives.
0:11:11 > 0:11:15There's a chance that the girl would have survived that attack,
0:11:15 > 0:11:17but in the aftermath, who knows?
0:11:17 > 0:11:21She could have starved to death. So, Debbie, here's the map.
0:11:21 > 0:11:24So I'm going to try and find that spot where we encountered them all
0:11:24 > 0:11:27those years ago. How far do you think we got along here?
0:11:27 > 0:11:30Can you remember? Do you think we met them on that road?
0:11:30 > 0:11:32Yeah.
0:11:32 > 0:11:34Right.
0:11:34 > 0:11:37What do you think the chances are then that any of those people remain
0:11:37 > 0:11:38in that area?
0:11:38 > 0:11:42You've got some fragments of forest left for hunter-gatherers
0:11:42 > 0:11:45- to live in.- Well, look, I'm going to try and find this lady.
0:11:49 > 0:11:51- Blimey, what the...?- Yeah. - There's some weather coming in.
0:11:51 > 0:11:55Look at that. That's truly Sumatran weather.
0:11:55 > 0:11:57- Good luck.- Take care.
0:12:02 > 0:12:07I'm heading east out of Sungai Penuh into the interior in the hope that
0:12:07 > 0:12:09the girl and her family are still hunter-gatherers following
0:12:09 > 0:12:12the well-trodden paths of their ancestors.
0:12:13 > 0:12:14I know it's a long shot,
0:12:14 > 0:12:18but I might just find them in the same spot I met them 20 years ago,
0:12:18 > 0:12:22or at least if not them, some clue as to their whereabouts.
0:12:24 > 0:12:26Debbie thought that it was somewhere in this valley.
0:12:26 > 0:12:29- Around here?- Yeah, which is where we are now.
0:12:29 > 0:12:30That is that valley.
0:12:30 > 0:12:35But in 1998 this road, which is the main road, was a cinder road.
0:12:35 > 0:12:37And I remember the shape of the road -
0:12:37 > 0:12:40it dipped down and then it rose up,
0:12:40 > 0:12:42turned to the left, went over a hill.
0:12:42 > 0:12:45And we stopped just before the top of the hill.
0:12:45 > 0:12:47This is definitely the right sort of terrain.
0:12:47 > 0:12:52I remember all of these really steep-sided hills and I remember
0:12:52 > 0:12:54looking up and seeing the forest like we are now.
0:12:54 > 0:12:57I mean, do you know what, it was a rise just like this.
0:12:57 > 0:13:00It went up and then it turned round to the...
0:13:02 > 0:13:04It was, it was just like this, seriously.
0:13:04 > 0:13:07It turned round, and we stopped about here.
0:13:07 > 0:13:09Let's slow down, let's slow down.
0:13:09 > 0:13:10Slow down, slow down.
0:13:10 > 0:13:12SHE SPEAKS LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:13:12 > 0:13:15Seriously, that was... We just passed that river as well.
0:13:15 > 0:13:18Yeah, let's stop here. This is mad, honestly.
0:13:18 > 0:13:22No, seriously, I never thought I'd recognise this spot, let's...
0:13:22 > 0:13:24Stop the car, that was probably it.
0:13:24 > 0:13:26Do you want to check it out?
0:13:26 > 0:13:29I do want to check it out. OK, let's go and have a look.
0:13:31 > 0:13:35- Let's go back down, we need to walk back down.- Yeah.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40Hold on, hold on.
0:13:42 > 0:13:44I remember there was a stream.
0:13:44 > 0:13:48The sound man was getting tetchy about the sound of the water.
0:13:48 > 0:13:50Debbie must have been right.
0:13:50 > 0:13:52I absolutely distinctly remember it.
0:13:52 > 0:13:53The car was parked about here.
0:13:54 > 0:13:59The car was parked about here, and they came walking up through here.
0:14:03 > 0:14:04Yeah, this is it.
0:14:05 > 0:14:08Honestly, I'd stake my poodle's life on it,
0:14:08 > 0:14:11and I love him more than anything on Earth.
0:14:12 > 0:14:15I do want some points though, for being able to come back to,
0:14:15 > 0:14:20you know, a remote part of Sumatra after 20 years, and find a spot.
0:14:20 > 0:14:23Only a nitwit with Asperger's could do that.
0:14:23 > 0:14:24Honestly.
0:14:24 > 0:14:25CHRIS CHUCKLES
0:14:25 > 0:14:30That encounter took place somewhere just up there.
0:14:30 > 0:14:31That's the same noise.
0:14:33 > 0:14:34That noise...
0:14:43 > 0:14:44This is it, this is the spot.
0:14:47 > 0:14:51Look, someone's come in, started to clear it, and put oil palm in.
0:14:56 > 0:14:59We're within metres of where I took that photograph.
0:14:59 > 0:15:00It was just like this.
0:15:04 > 0:15:05I...
0:15:07 > 0:15:09There's no doubt of that at all.
0:15:11 > 0:15:14I'm trying not to cry about it, to be honest with you,
0:15:14 > 0:15:17cos it's like... I never believed that we'd find the spot.
0:15:19 > 0:15:22So I, you know... I never imagined we'd find the spot.
0:15:25 > 0:15:26But it was here.
0:15:29 > 0:15:33It's all coming back to me, just how magical this encounter was,
0:15:33 > 0:15:36and how important they still are to me.
0:15:37 > 0:15:42They have retained so much of what we should be,
0:15:42 > 0:15:46what we had been until everything started to go so desperately wrong.
0:15:48 > 0:15:50Someone went in there and killed four of them.
0:15:54 > 0:15:56That's immensely sad, isn't it?
0:16:05 > 0:16:08To me, they were more valuable than...
0:16:08 > 0:16:10Well, certainly more valuable than me.
0:16:27 > 0:16:28To think they were here...
0:16:32 > 0:16:35That was then. We've got to go and find them now, that's the next
0:16:35 > 0:16:37thing, isn't it, really? They're not here today, are they?
0:16:37 > 0:16:40And they couldn't be here today. And why couldn't they be here today?
0:16:41 > 0:16:43Oil palm.
0:16:44 > 0:16:49Palm oil harvested from trees like these now ends up in half of all the
0:16:49 > 0:16:52products bought in the world's supermarkets.
0:16:52 > 0:16:55It's in everything, from our biscuits, cakes,
0:16:55 > 0:16:57to soaps and toothpaste.
0:16:59 > 0:17:02Now, it might be profitable for the farmers who harvest it,
0:17:02 > 0:17:05but there's little left here for hunter-gatherers to live off.
0:17:15 > 0:17:18At twice the size of the UK,
0:17:18 > 0:17:22Sumatra is an endless expanse of remote and rugged terrain.
0:17:22 > 0:17:26It's a huge place to be looking for one woman, so I've asked Shinta
0:17:26 > 0:17:29to find someone who can really help narrow the search.
0:17:31 > 0:17:32Hi.
0:17:35 > 0:17:36- Hello.- Hello.
0:17:36 > 0:17:38- How do you do?- I'm fine.
0:17:38 > 0:17:41- Chris Packham, how are you? - I'm Christiawan.
0:17:41 > 0:17:43- Christiawan?- Yep, Christiawan.
0:17:43 > 0:17:45Yeah, let's go sit down.
0:17:45 > 0:17:47Christiawan is a field worker for WARSI,
0:17:47 > 0:17:50and they're a charity helping to fight the Orang Rimba's cause.
0:17:51 > 0:17:53- Wow, look at that.- Yeah.
0:17:54 > 0:17:56Wow.
0:17:56 > 0:18:00He's worked with the Orang Rimba right across this region for ten years.
0:18:03 > 0:18:07How many in that Orang Rimba are there left?
0:18:07 > 0:18:08The total number of people?
0:18:13 > 0:18:17Do you mean there were 3,000 people like the people I met here,
0:18:17 > 0:18:18living out in the forest?
0:18:22 > 0:18:24That's good. The fact that they can continue...
0:18:24 > 0:18:27There is a big enough area of forest for them to continue to live
0:18:27 > 0:18:29in that way.
0:18:34 > 0:18:39Can I show you some photographs of the group that I met in 1998?
0:18:39 > 0:18:42- OK.- The little glade, which we found up the road.
0:18:42 > 0:18:45That was all of those people that we met that day.
0:18:45 > 0:18:49I know these people were killed before you started work.
0:18:58 > 0:18:59Seven?
0:19:02 > 0:19:03I thought there were four? Seven?
0:19:03 > 0:19:06- Yes, seven.- Seven people were killed?- That's right, seven.
0:19:06 > 0:19:08Three children?
0:19:08 > 0:19:09Two. Two children out of that.
0:19:09 > 0:19:10Yeah.
0:19:12 > 0:19:15That's a lot worse than we thought.
0:19:21 > 0:19:23Where the robbery took place?
0:19:28 > 0:19:29Right.
0:19:29 > 0:19:30So he might recognise them?
0:19:30 > 0:19:33- Yep.- Maybe we can go to the village?
0:19:33 > 0:19:34Well...
0:19:34 > 0:19:36Whatever it takes.
0:19:48 > 0:19:52In the grim light of this morning, yesterday was a bit of a game changer.
0:19:52 > 0:19:58But I do feel that the odds have been quite significantly, you know,
0:19:58 > 0:20:00shortened, to be quite honest with you.
0:20:00 > 0:20:02The chances...
0:20:02 > 0:20:04..of her being killed are actually quite high.
0:20:04 > 0:20:07Am I going to show that picture to a man...
0:20:09 > 0:20:12..in the village today who will be able to identify her as one of those
0:20:12 > 0:20:14that he pulled out of the river?
0:20:16 > 0:20:18Because that would be a...
0:20:18 > 0:20:19..tragic end, wouldn't it?
0:20:25 > 0:20:27I'm nearing Petekun.
0:20:27 > 0:20:29On my map, it's a remote Malay village,
0:20:29 > 0:20:33a tiny dot in a vast expanse of virgin forest.
0:20:35 > 0:20:37If you look on here, there are no roads,
0:20:37 > 0:20:39you imagine this would all be wilderness.
0:20:39 > 0:20:41But you look out of the window...
0:20:41 > 0:20:44- Yeah.- ..and there are lots of buildings, villages, palm oil.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46- It's not forest, is it?- Yeah.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49The Orang Rimba would not survive very long here.
0:20:49 > 0:20:53It's shocking to see this ancient rainforest, once so rich
0:20:53 > 0:20:55with wildlife, virtually flattened.
0:20:56 > 0:20:59And with no wild boar, no deer to hunt,
0:20:59 > 0:21:03none of the staples like cassava or yam to forage for,
0:21:03 > 0:21:08many of the food sources they need to thrive are now heavily depleted.
0:21:14 > 0:21:16Right. OK.
0:21:25 > 0:21:28- The robbery took place here?- Yeah.
0:21:44 > 0:21:46Right.
0:21:46 > 0:21:48- Are these the men? - Yeah, they're the men.
0:21:51 > 0:21:55This is the person, the young man that found a dead body in the river.
0:21:55 > 0:21:57They know the exact spot, yeah?
0:21:57 > 0:22:00- Yeah.- Let's get some water from the car and then head out, shall we?
0:22:00 > 0:22:01- OK.- OK.
0:22:01 > 0:22:03HE SPEAKS LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:22:07 > 0:22:11I'm told the girl's close-knit group was headed by a man called Arau,
0:22:11 > 0:22:13and I remember meeting him really well.
0:22:13 > 0:22:15But two years after that,
0:22:15 > 0:22:18he must have decided to lead them all close to this village.
0:22:22 > 0:22:23Here.
0:22:31 > 0:22:32- In here?- In here.
0:22:33 > 0:22:35What about the other six?
0:22:39 > 0:22:42Place with the stone, they came out in there.
0:22:42 > 0:22:43- Just here?- Yeah, in there.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56Presumably they bought things in the village, they traded in the village, yeah?
0:22:56 > 0:23:00The people who murdered them came from the same village, is that right?
0:23:00 > 0:23:02- Far from here.- Far from here?
0:23:02 > 0:23:05So what were those men doing here?
0:23:05 > 0:23:09They tried to get the money from Arau.
0:23:11 > 0:23:13- So they came here deliberately to kill them?- Yeah.
0:23:16 > 0:23:17Oh...
0:23:21 > 0:23:24Because they knew this family, if I were to show them some photographs,
0:23:24 > 0:23:26they might remember them, yeah?
0:23:30 > 0:23:32He say if...
0:23:32 > 0:23:33If I can see the photo...
0:23:34 > 0:23:36..definitely, I can recognise him.
0:23:36 > 0:23:38OK. Let's move over to this rock here.
0:23:44 > 0:23:45This man.
0:23:47 > 0:23:48Is that Arau?
0:23:52 > 0:23:55That's not Arau? Not the dead man that was here?
0:23:55 > 0:23:56- No.- All right.
0:23:57 > 0:24:00This is the man that Debbie Martyr thought had been killed.
0:24:00 > 0:24:02And what about this lady?
0:24:06 > 0:24:10- That's Arau's daughter? So she was definitely killed here?- Yep.
0:24:14 > 0:24:17The child that she's holding there, is that her child,
0:24:17 > 0:24:18the one who was killed?
0:24:26 > 0:24:28This is Arau's wife,
0:24:28 > 0:24:31- also got killed. - What about the child?
0:24:31 > 0:24:32This is...
0:24:32 > 0:24:34..her daughter, so also got killed.
0:24:36 > 0:24:39Seems everyone in my photographs was murdered, doesn't it?
0:24:41 > 0:24:43So, million-dollar question.
0:24:43 > 0:24:46Was this girl one of the children that was killed?
0:24:58 > 0:25:01He said different, not the same girl, not the same...
0:25:01 > 0:25:02They're sure?
0:25:05 > 0:25:08Well, that's a... A blessing in disguise.
0:25:08 > 0:25:11At least she wasn't among those who were killed.
0:25:16 > 0:25:19It's a tragedy, isn't it? Whatever way you look at it.
0:25:21 > 0:25:25It can't have been too long ago when these people were able to sustain
0:25:25 > 0:25:29themselves here in the forest entirely in isolation.
0:25:29 > 0:25:32But these days, they've got no choice, there's not enough forest left.
0:25:32 > 0:25:35We've been cutting it all down, we've been planting it with oil palm,
0:25:35 > 0:25:38and the villages are expanding, so their habitat's gone.
0:25:38 > 0:25:41And as a consequence, they have to come to the villages because they
0:25:41 > 0:25:44can no longer sustain themselves, they haven't got enough resources,
0:25:44 > 0:25:45and they need our support.
0:25:46 > 0:25:49We are part of the problem.
0:25:49 > 0:25:52If it wasn't for us, maybe, idealistically,
0:25:52 > 0:25:54they wouldn't be cutting down as much forest,
0:25:54 > 0:25:55these people would still have a resource,
0:25:55 > 0:26:00and they'd be out there and not at the edge, where they're vulnerable,
0:26:00 > 0:26:01where they're murdered.
0:26:19 > 0:26:23In Petekun, the murders are in the distant past.
0:26:23 > 0:26:26And just as the surviving Orang Rimba have clearly moved on and have
0:26:26 > 0:26:30never come back, it's time for me to move on as well.
0:26:30 > 0:26:35I think the next step is to go and find some of the Orang Rimba that
0:26:35 > 0:26:38might actually know her, or more of the people in that group.
0:26:40 > 0:26:42And subsequently, I've learned that they're spread over a huge area
0:26:42 > 0:26:44of jungle.
0:26:45 > 0:26:46So I think, you know...
0:26:47 > 0:26:49..that's going to be difficult.
0:26:53 > 0:26:56Finding her is going to be a bit more tricky.
0:26:57 > 0:26:59But I really, really want to now.
0:27:01 > 0:27:03Yeah. I mean, I wanted to before I came out here,
0:27:03 > 0:27:05but now I really want to.
0:27:05 > 0:27:07If we don't find her,
0:27:07 > 0:27:10you're going to be getting on the plane on your own. Yeah.
0:27:11 > 0:27:15Christiawan tells me there's one last area of forest for the Orang
0:27:15 > 0:27:20Rimba to live in, which he assures me is protected from deforestation -
0:27:20 > 0:27:25the Bukit Duabelas Park - it's 60 miles to the east.
0:27:25 > 0:27:29I'm hoping that if the girl and her surviving family fled the massacre,
0:27:29 > 0:27:32then perhaps this is where they would have come to.
0:27:35 > 0:27:36Chris, look at this.
0:27:37 > 0:27:39There's masses of oil palm...
0:27:43 > 0:27:4525... That's a huge area.
0:27:47 > 0:27:50It turns out that since I last came here 20 years ago,
0:27:50 > 0:27:54Indonesia's rainforests have been cut down at the rate of over
0:27:54 > 0:27:56200 football pitches every hour.
0:27:58 > 0:28:01Christiawan tells me that most of this is due to palm oil.
0:28:01 > 0:28:04You see, Indonesia is now the world's biggest producer,
0:28:04 > 0:28:07and 70% of it comes from Sumatra.
0:28:09 > 0:28:10By 2050,
0:28:10 > 0:28:15it's predicted that Indonesia's palm oil production will double due to
0:28:15 > 0:28:18global demand, putting massive strain on the island's
0:28:18 > 0:28:20remaining rainforests.
0:28:21 > 0:28:24It's very sad, isn't it? Maybe 30, 40 years ago,
0:28:24 > 0:28:26this was forest.
0:28:30 > 0:28:32- And now it's all gone?- Yeah.
0:28:32 > 0:28:34- Apart from the reserve we're going to?- Yeah.
0:28:36 > 0:28:38A few months after the murders,
0:28:38 > 0:28:42Chris tells me this 600 square km area of protected forest was set up
0:28:42 > 0:28:45by the government when it was realised that, soon,
0:28:45 > 0:28:48there would be no forest left for the Orang Rimba.
0:28:50 > 0:28:51Hey, welcome. This is my office.
0:28:51 > 0:28:54- This is your office?- Yeah. - I like your office.- Yep.
0:28:54 > 0:28:55It's pretty cool.
0:28:59 > 0:29:01Wow, look at that.
0:29:01 > 0:29:04It's very nice in the morning, we can hear a lot of monkeys.
0:29:04 > 0:29:06HE IMPERSONATES MONKEY
0:29:07 > 0:29:10And what about the mast, what's the mast for?
0:29:10 > 0:29:12- That's the radio. - You've got your radio station?
0:29:15 > 0:29:18I think we should ask them to come here and see if they recognise
0:29:18 > 0:29:22- the girl.- Yeah. I like that.- OK.
0:29:22 > 0:29:26I've got to say, an Orang Rimba radio station isn't exactly what
0:29:26 > 0:29:31I was expecting. But it is of course too good an opportunity to pass on.
0:29:31 > 0:29:35So with the help of Benor FM's Orang Rimba DJs,
0:29:35 > 0:29:39word of this investigation is going to spread far and wide.
0:29:39 > 0:29:41Oh, look at that, that's so cool!
0:29:41 > 0:29:42Yeah.
0:29:42 > 0:29:45All the Orang Rimba area listen to radio.
0:29:45 > 0:29:49- And you've given them little radios? - Yeah.- Hi, how do you do?
0:29:49 > 0:29:51How do you do? Hello, how do you do?
0:29:51 > 0:29:54HE SPEAKS LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:29:54 > 0:29:57Let's sit down here.
0:29:57 > 0:29:59THEY SPEAK LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:30:03 > 0:30:07He wants to know why have you come to Sumatra?
0:30:07 > 0:30:12I first came here in 1998, and I met some Orang Rimba,
0:30:12 > 0:30:14and I've come back to try and find one of them,
0:30:14 > 0:30:17who was a girl at the time, maybe six, seven years old.
0:30:17 > 0:30:22My idea is that we can pin this photograph on the wall of the office,
0:30:22 > 0:30:26and if anyone who's listening was in that area by the river,
0:30:26 > 0:30:28the district border in 1998,
0:30:28 > 0:30:31if they recognise this girl when they come to the office,
0:30:31 > 0:30:34they could let us know. And we'd be very grateful.
0:30:34 > 0:30:36We'll be here for another few days.
0:30:44 > 0:30:48Today, I'm heading into the park to see if we can find the girl amongst
0:30:48 > 0:30:51the 1,500 or so Orang Rimba who make their home here.
0:30:54 > 0:30:57I've asked Christiawan to take me to one of the families who he tells me
0:30:57 > 0:31:00are still living their traditional nomadic lifestyle.
0:31:03 > 0:31:07But the truth is, I'm beginning to worry that I'll never find her,
0:31:07 > 0:31:09or that she might have died after all.
0:31:22 > 0:31:24Hello, Bebayang.
0:31:31 > 0:31:36If I can help them find their food, catch their food, cook their food...
0:31:36 > 0:31:38- OK.- Tell them I'm not a great cook.
0:31:38 > 0:31:41- OK.- I'm quite good with animals and I've spotted a turtle down here.
0:31:41 > 0:31:43Yeah, this turtle.
0:31:43 > 0:31:44And these are food?
0:31:44 > 0:31:46THEY SPEAK LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:31:46 > 0:31:48- It means yes.- OK.
0:31:48 > 0:31:50What means "no"? You better teach me no pretty quickly,
0:31:50 > 0:31:54cos if they offer me some of that turtle for lunch, I'll need a no.
0:31:54 > 0:31:55What's a no?
0:31:55 > 0:31:57HE SPEAKS LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:31:57 > 0:31:58That's no, that's no.
0:31:58 > 0:32:01OK. What are they going to do this afternoon?
0:32:04 > 0:32:06- They will be fishing.- Fishing?
0:32:06 > 0:32:08There was one thing before we go,
0:32:08 > 0:32:11I'd like to see if he recognises the girl, this girl.
0:32:11 > 0:32:14This girl was about six or seven in 1998.
0:32:19 > 0:32:21- No.- OK, thank him very much for his help.
0:32:22 > 0:32:25And also for taking me fishing.
0:32:46 > 0:32:49I'm not being funny, but...
0:32:49 > 0:32:52..this stream is tiny. This is the sort of stream that
0:32:52 > 0:32:55I used to fish for minnows and sticklebacks when I was a kid.
0:32:55 > 0:32:59And it's going to have to be rammed full of fish to replenish the energy
0:32:59 > 0:33:01that I've expended on this walk.
0:33:12 > 0:33:13Fishing in here.
0:33:13 > 0:33:17- Yeah? In this part?- Yeah.- OK.
0:33:17 > 0:33:20Look at that. It's a good weapon.
0:33:21 > 0:33:22Did he make this himself?
0:33:25 > 0:33:26- Yes.- He did?
0:33:27 > 0:33:29Oh.
0:33:29 > 0:33:31It's good. OK.
0:33:39 > 0:33:41OK. He found a big fish.
0:33:41 > 0:33:43- Big fish?- Yeah.
0:33:49 > 0:33:50He's got it, he's caught the fish!
0:33:50 > 0:33:52Yeah, he got it.
0:34:00 > 0:34:04Good shot. You caught a fish, I caught the leech.
0:34:04 > 0:34:07My leech is nearly as big as your fish.
0:34:07 > 0:34:09How many more fish can we catch? Can I have a go?
0:34:24 > 0:34:27You want to change your glasses with him?
0:34:27 > 0:34:29These are some of the best goggles in the world!
0:34:31 > 0:34:33These are good goggles.
0:34:36 > 0:34:40The changes, you know, since I was last here 20 years ago are profound.
0:34:42 > 0:34:46You can almost see their habitat, their resource just shrinking back.
0:34:48 > 0:34:50We caught a big fish, and it was this big.
0:34:51 > 0:34:53Whereas 20, 30 years ago,
0:34:53 > 0:34:56they were catching fish that were seven or eight kilograms,
0:34:56 > 0:34:59so they're going to be a fish of this size.
0:35:01 > 0:35:03As the evening begins to draw in,
0:35:03 > 0:35:07it strikes me that although the forest once gave him everything he needed,
0:35:07 > 0:35:11Bebayang and his clan are now struggling to survive here,
0:35:11 > 0:35:13because of the impact of deforestation.
0:35:13 > 0:35:18And I'm starting to think that there must be many indigenous tribes like
0:35:18 > 0:35:22the Orang Rimba all over the world facing a similar threat.
0:35:22 > 0:35:25It's pretty good, actually. There's a bit of spring in it.
0:35:25 > 0:35:26I mean...
0:35:27 > 0:35:29And it's certainly sturdy enough.
0:35:29 > 0:35:35And it's off the ground, snake-free, it's hopefully leech-free.
0:35:35 > 0:35:36Thank you.
0:35:36 > 0:35:40There isn't a direct translation for thank you in Orang Rimba,
0:35:40 > 0:35:43but Chris told me earlier that the expression they use is,
0:35:43 > 0:35:45"I will drink your pee." So...
0:35:46 > 0:35:50Thank you, gentlemen, I will drink your pee.
0:35:50 > 0:35:51I'll drink your pee.
0:36:18 > 0:36:23At 1.47, a moped pulled up, and a man on the back had a dead pig,
0:36:23 > 0:36:24bush pig.
0:36:26 > 0:36:29And this caused an enormous amount of excitement.
0:36:31 > 0:36:33They started to nibble,
0:36:33 > 0:36:38recounting anecdotes of yester-yore until it got light.
0:36:40 > 0:36:45They are desperate to protect what they've got left of their culture
0:36:45 > 0:36:47and their lives.
0:36:47 > 0:36:51But at the same time they're living on the edge here.
0:36:53 > 0:36:57There's a constant traffic of mopeds across this track here.
0:36:57 > 0:37:01They're connected to the outside world.
0:37:01 > 0:37:04This forest was everything they needed -
0:37:04 > 0:37:06it was their shelter, their food.
0:37:07 > 0:37:08But it's changed now.
0:37:12 > 0:37:15HE SINGS IN LOCAL LANGUAGE
0:37:29 > 0:37:31That wasn't a happy song.
0:37:31 > 0:37:32What was that about?
0:37:45 > 0:37:49Who does he blame for the loss of the forest?
0:37:49 > 0:37:51Who's responsible? Does he blame me?
0:37:51 > 0:37:53Does he blame us?
0:38:02 > 0:38:04What will happen to Njarang when he grows up?
0:38:04 > 0:38:06Where does he think that he will live?
0:38:19 > 0:38:23OK. One child go out, and now he is joining the army.
0:38:24 > 0:38:26- Yeah, his son. - He's not coming back?
0:38:26 > 0:38:28- Not coming back. - He's angry with his son?
0:38:28 > 0:38:31He's angry with him. Angry and sad and everything.
0:38:31 > 0:38:37He needs to keep Njarang in the forest, because he's the last son who he has.
0:38:37 > 0:38:40He hopes Njarang stay in the forest to keep his family.
0:38:40 > 0:38:43I hope that he lives a long life...
0:38:44 > 0:38:46..and he can stay in the forest.
0:38:46 > 0:38:50And that his son stays here too.
0:38:50 > 0:38:54And when he finally dies, he can be buried in the forest
0:38:54 > 0:38:57under a big tree, which will never be cut down.
0:39:05 > 0:39:09When I see Njarang in this environment with all that freedom
0:39:09 > 0:39:13and confidence, that's how she was, that's what she was like.
0:39:13 > 0:39:15That was her world.
0:39:15 > 0:39:18That was her.
0:39:18 > 0:39:20He represents a sliver of hope,
0:39:20 > 0:39:24a little sliver of hope that the Orang Rimba's culture might just
0:39:24 > 0:39:26remain intact.
0:39:27 > 0:39:29But if nothing changes,
0:39:29 > 0:39:32he could be one of the last humans on our planet to live in total
0:39:32 > 0:39:37harmony with nature. Because for the past century, every year,
0:39:37 > 0:39:39one tribe has become extinct.
0:39:40 > 0:39:42I don't want the Orang Rimba to join them.
0:39:46 > 0:39:47Chief, I've got some gifts.
0:39:48 > 0:39:50So there's a new machete.
0:39:54 > 0:39:55Here's a couple of knives.
0:39:57 > 0:39:59Chris, special for you.
0:40:00 > 0:40:03- Well, there we are.- This is the force of the forest.
0:40:03 > 0:40:05- The force of the forest?- Yeah.
0:40:05 > 0:40:07- OK.- Symbol to save the forest.
0:40:07 > 0:40:09OK. The symbol to save the forest?
0:40:09 > 0:40:13Yeah. OK. I promise to work hard to help save this forest.
0:40:13 > 0:40:16There's no question of that. Thank you very much.
0:40:18 > 0:40:22He's a brilliant man, it's been an enormous privilege to meet him,
0:40:22 > 0:40:25and to walk with him through his home.
0:40:26 > 0:40:29I'll always cherish my time here,
0:40:29 > 0:40:32but I couldn't put my hand on my heart and say that in 20 years,
0:40:32 > 0:40:36he would definitely be here somewhere in this forest.
0:40:36 > 0:40:38That's the truth of it.
0:40:45 > 0:40:49Bebayang has made it perfectly clear that he blames the Indonesian
0:40:49 > 0:40:52government for the destruction of his forest.
0:40:52 > 0:40:54And I want to find out exactly what he means by that.
0:41:00 > 0:41:03How did the villagers and the company come to own the land?
0:41:03 > 0:41:04How did they get the land?
0:41:11 > 0:41:14- So each household, two hectares?- Two hectares.
0:41:14 > 0:41:18So basically they gave villagers the Orang Rimba's forest?
0:41:18 > 0:41:21- Yeah.- So they were sold out completely?
0:41:21 > 0:41:22Yeah.
0:41:22 > 0:41:25Under its transmigration policy in the 1980s,
0:41:25 > 0:41:29the government encouraged millions of people to move from the neighbouring
0:41:29 > 0:41:34island of Java to exploit Sumatra's plentiful natural resources.
0:41:34 > 0:41:38The majority of Javanese migrants in this area took up the offer of free
0:41:38 > 0:41:44land. Vast swathes of rainforest had to be felled just so they could
0:41:44 > 0:41:45farm palm oil.
0:41:47 > 0:41:51Mr Osman is the villager that came from Java.
0:41:51 > 0:41:52- He came from Java?- Yeah.
0:41:56 > 0:41:57- Hello.- Hello.
0:41:57 > 0:41:59Chris Packham, English.
0:41:59 > 0:42:01- Osman.- How do you do, Osman?
0:42:09 > 0:42:10This tree's in food, isn't it?
0:42:10 > 0:42:12- Yeah.- It's ready to cut?
0:42:12 > 0:42:13Yes.
0:42:20 > 0:42:23Chris, they cut them three times a year, don't they?
0:42:23 > 0:42:24One month, two times.
0:42:24 > 0:42:27Two times in a month?
0:42:27 > 0:42:29My goodness me. There's an enormous amount of biomass here.
0:42:29 > 0:42:33I mean, you know, this is one block of fruits, it's incredibly heavy.
0:42:33 > 0:42:37Well, that's got to weigh 15... No, more, 20 kilos, I imagine.
0:42:37 > 0:42:40And they're producing large quantities of this.
0:42:40 > 0:42:43If I squeeze it on my finger, see all the oil?
0:42:43 > 0:42:45It's that that makes it so incredibly valuable.
0:42:47 > 0:42:50Do you know how much palm oil that you consume in a year?
0:42:50 > 0:42:53Between seven and eight kilos a year.
0:42:53 > 0:42:54Seven and eight kilos a year.
0:43:02 > 0:43:04Let's talk about the Orang Rimba.
0:43:04 > 0:43:10Does he ever feel sorry that the Orang Rimba's forest has gone,
0:43:10 > 0:43:14and these people can't live the way they used to live any longer?
0:43:40 > 0:43:42How much money does he make?
0:43:42 > 0:43:44Does he make enough for his children to go to school?
0:43:44 > 0:43:46Can he buy television?
0:43:46 > 0:43:48I mean, what is his standard of living like?
0:44:09 > 0:44:13One of the justifications for moving all of these people was to get them
0:44:13 > 0:44:15out of poverty,
0:44:15 > 0:44:18and to give them the ability to exploit the natural resources that
0:44:18 > 0:44:22were here. And it appears that's not really working, then?
0:44:22 > 0:44:24It hasn't solved poverty, has it?
0:44:24 > 0:44:26I mean, who's making the money here?
0:44:26 > 0:44:28Is the palm oil company rich?
0:44:46 > 0:44:49I didn't meet the enemy today.
0:44:49 > 0:44:52He's displaced as much as the Orang Rimba are displaced.
0:44:52 > 0:44:54You can't blame these people.
0:44:54 > 0:44:57And what do you do? Do you, say, scale back the palm oil?
0:44:57 > 0:44:59And what happens? You've got to scale back,
0:44:59 > 0:45:01they're going to take away your livelihood.
0:45:01 > 0:45:03Doesn't work like that, you've got to think of the bigger picture.
0:45:03 > 0:45:06If you're going to take away people's livelihoods,
0:45:06 > 0:45:07you've got to offer them another one.
0:45:10 > 0:45:12We've got ourselves in a mess.
0:45:13 > 0:45:16All of us, haven't we?
0:45:16 > 0:45:18That's the truth.
0:45:19 > 0:45:24Now I know there are people who argue that palm oil isn't that bad,
0:45:24 > 0:45:27and the alternatives like soybean are far worse,
0:45:27 > 0:45:32as they use ten times as much land to yield the same amount of vegetable oil.
0:45:32 > 0:45:36And if I was to try and remove it from my weekly shop,
0:45:36 > 0:45:39is it really going to undo all of this damage?
0:45:39 > 0:45:43Well, palm oil has destroyed so much forest here
0:45:43 > 0:45:46that I just can't forgive it.
0:45:47 > 0:45:49With just two days of this trip remaining,
0:45:49 > 0:45:52I'm now heading back to WARSI's field office.
0:45:53 > 0:45:57Sadly, there's no new information about the girl.
0:46:03 > 0:46:05But a new day yields a possible breakthrough.
0:46:08 > 0:46:09You see, in my absence,
0:46:09 > 0:46:13the WARSI team has been out in the field making inquiries on my behalf.
0:46:16 > 0:46:20Christiawan and I are now heading to meet some Orang Rimba who may have
0:46:20 > 0:46:22a vital lead.
0:46:31 > 0:46:37Just excited now, because this is our best chance so far.
0:46:37 > 0:46:38But we're making progress now.
0:46:40 > 0:46:44This whole task is far greater than I ever imagined it would be.
0:46:46 > 0:46:49Chris tells me the Ali group were living close to where the murders
0:46:49 > 0:46:51took place in 2000.
0:46:51 > 0:46:55But, respecting an Orang Rimba custom that when relatives die,
0:46:55 > 0:47:00they can't return to that spot, they headed far off into the hills.
0:47:06 > 0:47:08How do you do? How do you do?
0:47:08 > 0:47:10- Nice to meet you. - And this is Ali's wife.
0:47:10 > 0:47:12- How do you do? This is Arau's sister.- Yeah.
0:47:15 > 0:47:16OK.
0:47:18 > 0:47:20This is the group that I met at that time.
0:47:28 > 0:47:29They know these people?
0:47:32 > 0:47:34They recognise this picture?
0:47:34 > 0:47:37- Yeah, yeah, yeah. - They know the people?- Yeah.
0:47:37 > 0:47:38Some of them remember.
0:47:38 > 0:47:40So, many of these people are still alive?
0:47:40 > 0:47:43Like this man? This man, this man?
0:47:43 > 0:47:45This is the girl I'm looking for.
0:47:45 > 0:47:47Tell them this is the girl I'm trying to find.
0:48:06 > 0:48:07Daughter-in-law, Badai.
0:48:11 > 0:48:12She is still alive.
0:48:12 > 0:48:13- She's still alive?- Yeah.
0:48:13 > 0:48:16How do they know it's definitely her? Are they sure?
0:48:18 > 0:48:19Is that him?
0:48:19 > 0:48:21- This is Badai?- Badai.
0:48:21 > 0:48:25This is Badai, and here, she's sat in front of him here...
0:48:25 > 0:48:27She is still alive.
0:48:30 > 0:48:32It's amazing.
0:48:32 > 0:48:33That's amazing.
0:48:38 > 0:48:40They know exactly where she is.
0:48:41 > 0:48:43- And you know that?- Yeah.
0:48:43 > 0:48:45- We can go there? - Yeah, we can go there.
0:48:48 > 0:48:51Thank you. Thank you very, very much.
0:48:51 > 0:48:52Enormous thanks.
0:49:01 > 0:49:04After everything, all the twists and turns, the ups and downs,
0:49:04 > 0:49:09we find out she's alive, we learn her name, and then where she is.
0:49:09 > 0:49:12To be able to find her is amazing.
0:49:29 > 0:49:34I was elated yesterday when I heard she was alive, absolutely elated.
0:49:34 > 0:49:37But all night, I've had a sense of real trepidation.
0:49:40 > 0:49:43I'm sat here in this sort of sterile,
0:49:43 > 0:49:48sort of spartan hotel in the middle of a bustling city, and I know
0:49:48 > 0:49:51that she's an hour from here.
0:49:51 > 0:49:56Which means she isn't in the heart of one of those last remaining
0:49:56 > 0:49:57fragments of rainforest.
0:50:01 > 0:50:03I'm very excited, but at the same time
0:50:03 > 0:50:06very fearful of what's going to unfold.
0:50:12 > 0:50:15I've looked back at something that I've held in such high esteem,
0:50:15 > 0:50:18I've attributed such enormous value to.
0:50:18 > 0:50:21And I feel that today it could be undone.
0:50:21 > 0:50:24And that would be a very painful process.
0:50:27 > 0:50:30It's a palm oil plantation, isn't it?
0:50:30 > 0:50:31Yeah.
0:50:31 > 0:50:34- They live here?- They live here. - This is their home?
0:50:34 > 0:50:36- This is their home, yeah.- Right, OK.
0:50:36 > 0:50:38You can see the blue tarp.
0:50:38 > 0:50:40- That's it, is it?- Yeah. - All right, we are right here.
0:50:44 > 0:50:45OK, let's do it.
0:50:53 > 0:50:54It's so quiet.
0:50:55 > 0:50:58When we met them, I remember it was deafening,
0:50:58 > 0:51:01because we were there on the edge of the jungle.
0:51:01 > 0:51:02Yeah, sounds completely different.
0:51:34 > 0:51:35As you can see,
0:51:35 > 0:51:38there's some women here, adults.
0:51:38 > 0:51:41- Yeah.- Which one do you think is her?
0:51:47 > 0:51:48Maybe you can...
0:51:48 > 0:51:50I can't spot her.
0:51:53 > 0:51:55Oh, I think she's hiding behind the...
0:51:55 > 0:51:58- She's hiding?- Yeah, I think she's a bit shy.
0:51:58 > 0:52:02- No wonder I can't spot her. - Yeah.- She's hiding in there?- Yeah.
0:52:02 > 0:52:03I can talk to her first, and then...
0:52:03 > 0:52:04Yeah, OK.
0:52:06 > 0:52:07Hello!
0:52:09 > 0:52:10Chris, come.
0:52:15 > 0:52:18Hello, Sumping. Nice to meet you.
0:52:20 > 0:52:2120 years.
0:52:23 > 0:52:25I know. It's amazing, isn't it?
0:52:27 > 0:52:29She changed her name after getting married.
0:52:29 > 0:52:31Her name now is Bunga Mawar.
0:52:31 > 0:52:35- Bunga Mawar?- Which is... Bunga is flower, Mawar is rose.
0:52:35 > 0:52:36- Oh, is that right?- Yeah.
0:52:36 > 0:52:38- Yeah.- Yeah.- This is her child?
0:52:38 > 0:52:41- Yeah.- How many children does she have?
0:52:42 > 0:52:44- Three.- She has three children?
0:52:44 > 0:52:46She has three, yeah. So she has three daughters.
0:52:50 > 0:52:52Ita is the oldest one.
0:52:55 > 0:52:56This is Ratih.
0:52:59 > 0:53:02Mereni's the smallest one.
0:53:02 > 0:53:03Hello!
0:53:04 > 0:53:06Well...
0:53:06 > 0:53:07What about that?
0:53:11 > 0:53:1320 years - it's so good that they're here.
0:53:13 > 0:53:15And look, they're all smiling.
0:53:15 > 0:53:16The kids are happy.
0:53:19 > 0:53:21We must get the photos out and show them.
0:53:25 > 0:53:26- Chris.- Badai.
0:53:26 > 0:53:27My name is Chris.
0:53:31 > 0:53:33Does Badai remember where I met them?
0:53:33 > 0:53:36- He remembers?- Yeah, he remembers. And he remembers you still.
0:53:36 > 0:53:38- He remembers me?- Yeah.
0:53:38 > 0:53:40And he said you're still young like that.
0:53:42 > 0:53:44Tell him he's a very kind man.
0:53:46 > 0:53:49These are the photos that we took that afternoon.
0:53:54 > 0:53:57That's him! That is him.
0:54:00 > 0:54:02- Young brother.- That was his brother?
0:54:06 > 0:54:08Wow.
0:54:08 > 0:54:09One, two, three.
0:54:12 > 0:54:14And then there's this photo,
0:54:14 > 0:54:16which is the one that's brought me all the way here.
0:54:18 > 0:54:19This is the photograph.
0:54:23 > 0:54:25THEY SPEAK OWN LANGUAGE
0:54:31 > 0:54:35Having found her alive against all probability,
0:54:35 > 0:54:38it seems that Bunga Mawar is only here because of one remarkable
0:54:38 > 0:54:42stroke of luck shortly before the murders took place.
0:54:47 > 0:54:49- Oh, really?- Yeah.- Why was that?
0:55:00 > 0:55:02Yeah, it does.
0:55:02 > 0:55:06So she's a complete orphan, so she was orphaned when she was six or seven?
0:55:06 > 0:55:09If she'd been with her parents, she'd have been killed?
0:55:09 > 0:55:11- Yes.- Wouldn't she?- Yeah.
0:55:13 > 0:55:15Wow.
0:55:15 > 0:55:16What about that?
0:55:18 > 0:55:19- She's lucky to be alive.- Yeah.
0:55:29 > 0:55:30I found the same woman...
0:55:31 > 0:55:34..but I didn't find the same human.
0:55:36 > 0:55:41Because these people, when I met them, had a habitat, you know?
0:55:41 > 0:55:42And now, look...
0:55:44 > 0:55:46They're living in hell.
0:55:47 > 0:55:51They're living in amongst the very thing that has destroyed them.
0:55:53 > 0:55:56Their shelters are built under oil palm.
0:55:58 > 0:56:01The rainforest gave them everything they needed -
0:56:01 > 0:56:05plenty of game to hunt and plants they could trade outside the forest.
0:56:05 > 0:56:08They were rich with resources.
0:56:08 > 0:56:11And now they struggle to fend for themselves.
0:56:12 > 0:56:14And whose fault is it?
0:56:14 > 0:56:16Well, I think it's our fault.
0:56:18 > 0:56:21People like us are destroying ecosystems all over the world.
0:56:23 > 0:56:25As a people, they're destined for extinction, aren't they?
0:56:27 > 0:56:29And that's our story too, isn't it?
0:56:29 > 0:56:33Because if we don't stop this nonsense, you know, we've had it.
0:56:35 > 0:56:36We've had it.
0:56:38 > 0:56:40What is it that we're going to wait for?
0:56:40 > 0:56:43What punishment is going to have to be exacted upon our species
0:56:43 > 0:56:46before we get our act in order?
0:56:46 > 0:56:50And when I look at that beautiful woman, and I think,
0:56:50 > 0:56:53"What's the world going to be like for her in 50 years?"
0:56:53 > 0:56:55And when I look at my stepdaughter, and I think,
0:56:55 > 0:56:58"What's her world going to be like, you know, when she's 50?"
0:57:01 > 0:57:04That's what makes me get up and fight this destruction.
0:57:05 > 0:57:09Because only if we fight it do we stand any chance of success.
0:57:11 > 0:57:17Look, it's crystal clear that it's our consumption that's impacting
0:57:17 > 0:57:18on their world.
0:57:26 > 0:57:27Come on, Scratchy.
0:57:31 > 0:57:35Now I'm back here, aware of the silence of nature,
0:57:35 > 0:57:38and the roar of mankind in the background,
0:57:38 > 0:57:41and I've been reflecting on my journey and the Orang Rimba
0:57:41 > 0:57:43that I've been so privileged to meet.
0:57:43 > 0:57:46For the girl, Bunga Mawar, well,
0:57:46 > 0:57:48I would argue the battle's already lost.
0:57:48 > 0:57:50It was amazing to see her,
0:57:50 > 0:57:54but tragic that she no longer has the freedom of the forest that she
0:57:54 > 0:57:55had when I first met her.
0:57:58 > 0:58:01But I imagine the boy, Njarang,
0:58:01 > 0:58:04out there in the quiet, listening,
0:58:04 > 0:58:07fishing, being connected in a way which...
0:58:08 > 0:58:10..for all of my love of this forest, you know,
0:58:10 > 0:58:13I could never be that connected.
0:58:14 > 0:58:16I think of Njarang and it brings a smile to my face.
0:58:16 > 0:58:19He's become my hope.
0:58:21 > 0:58:26Maybe he's all of our hope, because if we can reconnect with nature,
0:58:26 > 0:58:29if we can work with nature rather than against it,
0:58:29 > 0:58:31then I think we've got a chance.
0:58:33 > 0:58:34I think we've got a chance.