0:00:03 > 0:00:05PURRING As a wildlife cameraman,
0:00:05 > 0:00:09I've travelled the world, trying to capture life's most intimate and
0:00:09 > 0:00:11dramatic moments.
0:00:14 > 0:00:18But wouldn't it be incredible if we could see the world
0:00:18 > 0:00:20from an animal's point of view?
0:00:22 > 0:00:25Well, in this series, that is exactly what we're going to do -
0:00:25 > 0:00:28with the help of the animals themselves.
0:00:28 > 0:00:31They're going to be the ones that are doing the filming.
0:00:31 > 0:00:35They're going to take us to places that a cameraman like me simply
0:00:35 > 0:00:39cannot go, and reveal a side of
0:00:39 > 0:00:43their lives like we have never seen before.
0:00:43 > 0:00:48UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYS
0:00:50 > 0:00:51Working with scientists,
0:00:51 > 0:00:55we're designing cameras small enough to take us into their hidden world
0:00:55 > 0:00:57for the first time.
0:00:57 > 0:01:01- We're heading in. Wow! - Foraging for some pups.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06Our camera crew is one of the most diverse teams
0:01:06 > 0:01:09to ever film a wildlife series.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14From 30cm tall meerkats...
0:01:16 > 0:01:18..to 60mph cheetahs.
0:01:21 > 0:01:23From free-diving fur seals...
0:01:24 > 0:01:26..to nest-building chimps...
0:01:29 > 0:01:33our unconventional film crew are revealing surprising behaviour and
0:01:33 > 0:01:37giving us new insights into how they live their lives.
0:01:39 > 0:01:41- Wow!- That's really cool.
0:01:41 > 0:01:43Instantly, you get a real chimp point of view.
0:01:45 > 0:01:48This is their world,
0:01:48 > 0:01:50their footage....
0:01:50 > 0:01:52- Whoa!- Oh, wow!- Groovy.
0:01:52 > 0:01:54..their story,
0:01:54 > 0:01:57and we're going to see it.. GROWLING
0:01:57 > 0:02:00..through their eyes.
0:02:00 > 0:02:02She's definitely got her game face on.
0:02:15 > 0:02:17In this programme, we'll reveal
0:02:17 > 0:02:20the secrets of three spectacular animals.
0:02:23 > 0:02:26In the mountains of Turkey,
0:02:26 > 0:02:30we'll find out what happens when bears come face-to-face.
0:02:33 > 0:02:35Oh! Oh, wow! Here's another bear!
0:02:35 > 0:02:38Look at that, look at that! GROWLING
0:02:39 > 0:02:41In France, we get to the heart of
0:02:41 > 0:02:43the ancient conflict between sheep...
0:02:43 > 0:02:46BARKING
0:02:49 > 0:02:50..and wolf.
0:02:52 > 0:02:54BARKING
0:02:57 > 0:03:01But my first expedition is far out at sea.
0:03:04 > 0:03:06We're setting sail from the Azores,
0:03:06 > 0:03:09a group of islands in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.
0:03:12 > 0:03:14I've teamed up with Doctor Jorge Fontes,
0:03:14 > 0:03:16an expert on the sea life here.
0:03:21 > 0:03:24I'm travelling far out into the Atlantic Ocean.
0:03:24 > 0:03:29Mainland Europe is 850 miles in that direction.
0:03:29 > 0:03:31It's one of the wildest places on Earth,
0:03:31 > 0:03:34and I've come here to hopefully try and answer some very important
0:03:34 > 0:03:38questions about one of the world's most mysterious, majestic creatures.
0:03:41 > 0:03:43Devil rays are fish with wing-like
0:03:43 > 0:03:47fins that stretch to nearly four metres across.
0:03:54 > 0:03:58Jorge and his team have recently discovered that, every summer,
0:03:58 > 0:04:02the rays migrate thousands of miles to gather here.
0:04:02 > 0:04:04GENTLE MUSIC PLAYS
0:04:08 > 0:04:11It's one of the most dramatic animal spectacles on Earth.
0:04:13 > 0:04:16But Jorge has no idea why it takes place.
0:04:20 > 0:04:25The rays swim too fast and too deep for divers to follow, so his best
0:04:25 > 0:04:29chance of solving the mystery is one of our onboard cameras.
0:04:31 > 0:04:34This is one of our incredible camera systems,
0:04:34 > 0:04:39ready for deployment, and it's just attached to the harness.
0:04:39 > 0:04:44This is the bit that goes over the ray, kind of like a lasso,
0:04:44 > 0:04:46and you think, "How do you get it off?"
0:04:46 > 0:04:49Well, within eight hours in saltwater,
0:04:49 > 0:04:53this little magnesium bolt will
0:04:53 > 0:04:55erode and then that will snap
0:04:55 > 0:04:59and the whole system will float back up to the surface,
0:04:59 > 0:05:01and we get it back and we all rejoice.
0:05:04 > 0:05:06Now all we need is a ray.
0:05:11 > 0:05:13EVOCATIVE MUSIC PLAYS
0:05:17 > 0:05:20Now it's a race against time to get cameras on
0:05:20 > 0:05:23before the rays return to the depths.
0:05:38 > 0:05:41It's my first glimpse of these awesome creatures.
0:05:46 > 0:05:49There must be 40 devil rays in front of me.
0:05:55 > 0:05:58The rays can swim at 13mph.
0:05:59 > 0:06:03We couldn't get close enough carrying cumbersome scuba gear,
0:06:03 > 0:06:05so we're freediving.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11It means attaching the camera will
0:06:11 > 0:06:14have to be done on just one breath of air.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21Jorge makes it look easy.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37It was straight down there.
0:06:37 > 0:06:39Got it, got it first time.
0:06:41 > 0:06:42Woohoo!
0:06:45 > 0:06:48The rest of the team soon get more cameras on board.
0:06:48 > 0:06:50UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYS
0:07:05 > 0:07:08After a few hours, the cameras are back.
0:07:16 > 0:07:18Oh, wow!
0:07:20 > 0:07:23- And just swimming into the barracuda.- Yeah.
0:07:23 > 0:07:25That's fantastic.
0:07:28 > 0:07:30It is a real devil ray point of view.
0:07:30 > 0:07:33It looks as if you're just another ray going with the group.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35GENTLE MUSIC PLAYS
0:07:39 > 0:07:42I think they're probably speeding very fast at this point.
0:07:42 > 0:07:45Yeah. The great thing is that the camera's not having any impact.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48This animal's keeping up with all the others, irrespective of
0:07:48 > 0:07:50the camera, so it's really unobtrusive.
0:07:52 > 0:07:56The cameras also give a clear view of the remora fish, which stick to
0:07:56 > 0:07:59the rays, hitching a ride and feeding on scraps.
0:08:06 > 0:08:09The rays are gathering at a sea mound -
0:08:09 > 0:08:14an underwater mountain that rises over 1,000 metres from the sea bed.
0:08:14 > 0:08:17The summit is just 30 metres from the surface.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24They've been just hovering and flying around
0:08:24 > 0:08:28the summit of the sea mount. It really attracts them.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33But, suddenly, the rays start to head down.
0:08:35 > 0:08:38These rays can dive to 2,000 metres,
0:08:38 > 0:08:43one of the deepest diving of all animals.
0:08:43 > 0:08:46The descent is so fast, it puts the camera in a spin.
0:08:46 > 0:08:52- Whoa!- This is...it's flipping.- Yeah. It must be a huge speed.
0:08:52 > 0:08:54- Oh, the bottom... - There's ocean floor there.
0:08:58 > 0:09:01Jorge knew that the rays dived deep.
0:09:05 > 0:09:07Now, for the first time, he can see why.
0:09:10 > 0:09:14- Amazing.- This is amazing. This is... - What I wanted to see.
0:09:14 > 0:09:18..very different from what we've seen so far.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21By the amount of light here, it looks like it's quite deep.
0:09:21 > 0:09:23Very close to the sea floor.
0:09:25 > 0:09:30These are unbelievably privileged views.
0:09:30 > 0:09:32Did you see how close that was?
0:09:32 > 0:09:34- Yeah.- That was, like, inches from the top of that rock.
0:09:38 > 0:09:41I never expected...just going through this canyon,
0:09:41 > 0:09:43- why would they do this?- Yeah.
0:09:43 > 0:09:47We think of devil rays as oceanic animals that just bask the surface,
0:09:47 > 0:09:51and here we see that that is not always the case.
0:09:51 > 0:09:54Apparently, they like to explore very close to the bottom,
0:09:54 > 0:09:57at the deep sea. That's very, very interesting, and it's a very new
0:09:57 > 0:09:59- look into their lives.- Yeah.
0:10:07 > 0:10:10And, soon, we see one reason why the rays are gathering here.
0:10:15 > 0:10:21The camera shows hundreds of tiny floating animals - plankton -
0:10:21 > 0:10:23clouding the water.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38As the ray hits a patch of plankton,
0:10:38 > 0:10:44the long fins on its head unfurl and funnel food into its huge mouth.
0:10:48 > 0:10:52When it's finished feeding, the fins roll back up.
0:10:56 > 0:10:58Seamounts are rich in food,
0:10:58 > 0:11:01because deep ocean current full of nutrients
0:11:01 > 0:11:04swell upwards when they hit the sides of the mountain,
0:11:04 > 0:11:06driving huge blooms of plankton.
0:11:09 > 0:11:13Rays are one of the few animals able to take advantage of
0:11:13 > 0:11:14deep water prey.
0:11:16 > 0:11:18They'll even eat fish up to a few inches long.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30But it's cold in the depths.
0:11:30 > 0:11:34At 1,000 metres, it's just six degrees Celsius,
0:11:34 > 0:11:36so rays can't stay down for long.
0:11:40 > 0:11:44After a deep dive, they head quickly back up.
0:11:45 > 0:11:47You can see the surface.
0:11:47 > 0:11:49That's amazing. They're really shallow right now.
0:11:52 > 0:11:54Jorge thinks they're sunbathing.
0:12:01 > 0:12:05And here we spot something new to science.
0:12:07 > 0:12:11The rays seem to shiver, to help them warm up.
0:12:24 > 0:12:27The abundance of food draws in these rays
0:12:27 > 0:12:30but there are hundreds of seamounts around the Azores.
0:12:30 > 0:12:33Why do they all gather at just one or two?
0:12:37 > 0:12:40We need more footage to find the answer.
0:12:50 > 0:12:52But the conditions have deteriorated,
0:12:52 > 0:12:55and getting close to the rays is much tougher.
0:13:03 > 0:13:06A bit of a waiting game at the moment.
0:13:06 > 0:13:09We're waiting for the rays to come along, and there's absolutely
0:13:09 > 0:13:11nothing around at the moment.
0:13:20 > 0:13:25There is nothing easy about this whatsoever.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27HE GASPS
0:13:46 > 0:13:48Fortunately, by the next morning,
0:13:48 > 0:13:51the sun is back out and the seas have calmed.
0:14:02 > 0:14:07I think I'm ready to try and deploy one of the cameras myself.
0:14:07 > 0:14:11I feel as able as I'm going to be, so I'll give it a go.
0:14:14 > 0:14:16A group of rays is passing right under the boat.
0:14:18 > 0:14:20It's the best chance I'm going to get.
0:14:36 > 0:14:39I did it. Eventually HE LAUGHS
0:14:39 > 0:14:41Quite tricky.
0:14:41 > 0:14:43I managed to get the loop over one side and then the other,
0:14:43 > 0:14:46come back to the surface and breathe.
0:14:46 > 0:14:48That was great.
0:14:48 > 0:14:50- Well done. - THEY CHEER AND LAUGH
0:14:52 > 0:14:57As my camera ray swims off, Jorge and the team are successful, too.
0:15:08 > 0:15:11Will we finally get a clue as to
0:15:11 > 0:15:13why the rays are here in such numbers?
0:15:15 > 0:15:17Whoa! Look at this lot coming in!
0:15:18 > 0:15:20That's fantastic.
0:15:23 > 0:15:26Soon we notice the gathering might not be as random as it first looked.
0:15:31 > 0:15:34The formation can be really close,
0:15:34 > 0:15:36almost like a jet fighter kind of formation.
0:15:38 > 0:15:41The rays appear to be taking advantage of each other's
0:15:41 > 0:15:43slipstream, to make swimming easier.
0:15:50 > 0:15:53But each ray also seems to have its own place in the group.
0:15:59 > 0:16:03So, this one has been lagging behind the first three, and it still is.
0:16:05 > 0:16:08- I wonder if there's some kind of hierarchy within these groups.- Yeah.
0:16:12 > 0:16:16Jorge is wondering if the males might be competing over the females.
0:16:18 > 0:16:20We soon get a clue as to why.
0:16:23 > 0:16:26- A very pregnant female here. - This thing is huge!
0:16:26 > 0:16:29- This looks like...- A jumbo jet. - A jumbo jet.
0:16:32 > 0:16:35We then realise that lots of the rays are pregnant.
0:16:41 > 0:16:44They each carry just one baby, known as a pup.
0:16:47 > 0:16:51Pregnancy lasts for around a year, with the pup nourished
0:16:51 > 0:16:53inside the mother with a form of milk.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00What we see next has never been filmed before.
0:17:03 > 0:17:08This unborn baby ray is doing its version of kicking.
0:17:08 > 0:17:12- Oh, wow!- Oh, that's so cool!- Wow!
0:17:13 > 0:17:17This suggests that the pups will soon be born.
0:17:17 > 0:17:19In most ray species,
0:17:19 > 0:17:24mating happens soon after birth, so could this seamount be where these
0:17:24 > 0:17:27rays gather to give birth and mate?
0:17:40 > 0:17:45They spend most of their lives spread out in the open ocean,
0:17:45 > 0:17:49so gathering to mate makes sense,
0:17:49 > 0:17:53and the food-rich seamount is ideal for heavily pregnant mothers
0:17:53 > 0:17:55and newborns.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14More evidence is needed to confirm whether this is the reason
0:18:14 > 0:18:16for the gathering. EVOCATIVE MUSIC PLAYS
0:18:19 > 0:18:23But our cameras have given Jorge a remarkable new insight
0:18:23 > 0:18:25into these animals' lives.
0:18:42 > 0:18:45It's really a privilege to be able to have the perspective
0:18:45 > 0:18:47of what a devil ray sees.
0:18:47 > 0:18:51This is something that I would think impossible just a few years ago,
0:18:51 > 0:18:54and, so, I'm really happy and really excited to be able to have this
0:18:54 > 0:18:57perspective and be able to use this tool to learn more about this
0:18:57 > 0:18:58mysterious species.
0:19:02 > 0:19:05Time to prepare for our next mission.
0:19:11 > 0:19:13UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYS
0:19:18 > 0:19:20I've come to north-east Turkey...
0:19:25 > 0:19:27..in search of an animal I've never seen before...
0:19:29 > 0:19:31..the Eurasian brown bear.
0:19:35 > 0:19:37They're extinct through much of Europe.
0:19:41 > 0:19:44Here, the forest is teeming with them,
0:19:44 > 0:19:48but they're incredibly shy, making them hard to study.
0:19:50 > 0:19:53Cagan Sekercioglu has been working on these
0:19:53 > 0:19:54bears for ten years,
0:19:54 > 0:19:58but his longest-ever sighting lasted just three minutes.
0:20:00 > 0:20:04And that's where our cameras can help.
0:20:04 > 0:20:07- How close do you think the nearest bear is to us?- Right now?- Yeah.
0:20:07 > 0:20:12- Within a mile?- Oh, God, easily. Half a mile.- Really?- Yeah. Yeah. - LAUGHTER
0:20:12 > 0:20:15I mean, the numbers we have are among the highest densities
0:20:15 > 0:20:18- on the planet.- Wow! Yeah. - They're everywhere.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20And, what, is there a single aim?
0:20:20 > 0:20:22What do you want to find out from these bears?
0:20:22 > 0:20:27Well, a big goal was to find out how they manage to survive in this
0:20:27 > 0:20:29relatively small forest.
0:20:29 > 0:20:31I would love to see how they interact.
0:20:31 > 0:20:33Are they tolerant of each other?
0:20:33 > 0:20:36- Is there a lot of fighting going on? - Yeah.
0:20:37 > 0:20:41This forest is small and hemmed in by people on all sides.
0:20:42 > 0:20:47So, how do so many bears survive here?
0:20:47 > 0:20:50What do they eat? Where do they sleep?
0:20:50 > 0:20:54And what happens when they meet each other?
0:20:54 > 0:20:58We're hoping our cameras will unlock the secret of these elusive animals.
0:21:02 > 0:21:06Onboard camera expert Chris Watts has been hard at work.
0:21:06 > 0:21:11He's added cameras to the radio collars that Cagan uses to track
0:21:11 > 0:21:13bears for his ongoing study.
0:21:22 > 0:21:23For several days,
0:21:23 > 0:21:27Cagan's team have been trying to catch and collar bears,
0:21:27 > 0:21:29and I've been hoping to see them in action.
0:21:33 > 0:21:35We've just got some very exciting news.
0:21:35 > 0:21:40The team are not far from our base, and they say that they have captured
0:21:40 > 0:21:44a big bear - a bear big enough to take our camera.
0:21:44 > 0:21:46Here we go.
0:21:51 > 0:21:54WHISPERS: It is one huge bear!
0:21:56 > 0:22:00This bear has already been tranquillised.
0:22:00 > 0:22:03BEARS GROANS SOFTLY
0:22:03 > 0:22:05While the vet checks it's healthy,
0:22:05 > 0:22:08the scientists take measurements and fit the radio collar
0:22:08 > 0:22:10with our camera attached.
0:22:13 > 0:22:15We're ecstatic!
0:22:15 > 0:22:17It's in prime condition,
0:22:17 > 0:22:20so it's a perfect candidate for an animal cam.
0:22:20 > 0:22:23I can't wait to see what we get on film.
0:22:26 > 0:22:31The bear quickly comes round and disappears into the forest.
0:22:31 > 0:22:34The camera will automatically drop off after a couple of days.
0:22:44 > 0:22:46We've got footage in...
0:22:48 > 0:22:52..from a four-year-old female, which Cagan has called Siha.
0:22:53 > 0:22:55There it is.
0:22:58 > 0:23:00- The angle is great.- It is.
0:23:00 > 0:23:04- It's just enough of the bear to know that it's still there.- Yeah.
0:23:04 > 0:23:07- Ah, it's a complete bear's eye view of the world.- Yeah.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11- Is that...? Oh, yeah.- Having a proper drink.
0:23:11 > 0:23:12It's drinking water, yeah. Wow!
0:23:12 > 0:23:16The camera itself has to go through everything the bear goes through,
0:23:16 > 0:23:18so, walking down into gullies,
0:23:18 > 0:23:20climbing up trees, going into the water...
0:23:21 > 0:23:25The camera reveals that this forest is rich in bear food.
0:23:26 > 0:23:30She eats a wide range of nutritious plants,
0:23:30 > 0:23:33and turns over rocks to reach insects underneath.
0:23:38 > 0:23:41After her meal, she's walking into a cave.
0:23:44 > 0:23:47Cagan didn't know that these bears use caves in the summertime.
0:23:47 > 0:23:52Most brown bears only use caves in winter to hibernate.
0:23:56 > 0:23:58They don't need a big space. They don't need this huge cave.
0:23:58 > 0:24:01You know, you'd be surprised how little space they need.
0:24:06 > 0:24:09The presence of lots of caves is another reason why
0:24:09 > 0:24:12this is a good bear habitat. BEAR SNIFFS AND SNUFFLES
0:24:19 > 0:24:21After a quick rest,
0:24:21 > 0:24:26she steps back out into the night and straight into danger.
0:24:30 > 0:24:33- Just right there.- Yeah. - As if it just appears from nowhere.
0:24:33 > 0:24:37Yeah. So, the road, basically,
0:24:37 > 0:24:40it's called an Interstate highway, and this traffic is very fast.
0:24:44 > 0:24:47Siha is walking down a dangerous road.
0:24:49 > 0:24:51But, before long, we discover why.
0:24:53 > 0:24:56She's on the lookout for rubbish thrown from passing cars.
0:24:59 > 0:25:01This is worrying for Cagan.
0:25:04 > 0:25:06If bears develop a taste for rubbish,
0:25:06 > 0:25:08they can become dependent on it.
0:25:15 > 0:25:19He says that's already happening at a place on the edge of the forest.
0:25:24 > 0:25:28So, I've come to investigate at a local dump.
0:25:28 > 0:25:31Oh, we've got a bear right here with a cub!
0:25:31 > 0:25:34Wow! Whoa, whoa, whoa. Stop, stop. DOGS BARK
0:25:34 > 0:25:37Mother bear with a cub. That is a big bear!
0:25:39 > 0:25:41To get a better look,
0:25:41 > 0:25:45I'm using a thermal camera which detects the bear's body heat.
0:25:47 > 0:25:49Oh, wow, look at that!
0:25:50 > 0:25:52My goodness!
0:25:54 > 0:25:59Brown bears are normally solitary, yet here they tolerate each other,
0:25:59 > 0:26:02because there's so much food.
0:26:02 > 0:26:06It's quite something to see so many of them in one place.
0:26:07 > 0:26:11But it's not healthy for them to be feeding on our rubbish.
0:26:13 > 0:26:16bears digging in rubbish that is still alight.
0:26:17 > 0:26:19It's raking through the coals!
0:26:23 > 0:26:25There are bears eating plastic...
0:26:27 > 0:26:28..chewing on metal wires.
0:26:30 > 0:26:32This is not a pretty sight.
0:26:35 > 0:26:38I'm told that there are plans to close this dump down,
0:26:38 > 0:26:43but the scientists are worried that that could cause another problem.
0:26:43 > 0:26:46If they get rid of this, this dump overnight, that food
0:26:46 > 0:26:49source has gone, and what that's going to leave
0:26:49 > 0:26:51is a lot of hungry bears.
0:26:51 > 0:26:56These dump feeders will be pushed out into the forest, but is there
0:26:56 > 0:26:58room for any more bears out there?
0:27:01 > 0:27:05Too many bears could lead to conflict and stress.
0:27:06 > 0:27:09We're hoping that more footage will help us find out
0:27:09 > 0:27:11how much the forest bears are interacting.
0:27:23 > 0:27:25Right, off we go.
0:27:28 > 0:27:31Cagan's continuing to collar bears, and I've been giving him a hand.
0:27:34 > 0:27:36My goodness, that's a big old head.
0:27:48 > 0:27:51Should be good. I'm really excited to see what we get.
0:27:51 > 0:27:53Yeah, me too.
0:27:53 > 0:27:56- He just needs to keep the camera clean.- Yeah. - LAUGHTER
0:28:06 > 0:28:11Our next footage is from a young adult male that Cagan
0:28:11 > 0:28:13has named Farouk.
0:28:13 > 0:28:16Oh, look at that beautiful morning light!
0:28:16 > 0:28:17Look at that.
0:28:20 > 0:28:23You can see the rain has caused a problem with the condensation.
0:28:23 > 0:28:25Well, May is the wettest month.
0:28:25 > 0:28:30I mean, you can still follow the behaviour pretty well.
0:28:30 > 0:28:33- Hey, is he feeding?- You can actually see the water beater backlit,
0:28:33 > 0:28:35- so maybe that.- Yeah, he is, yeah. He's licking the dew.
0:28:35 > 0:28:38- Wow!- Just drinking water, licking the dew off the grass, yeah.
0:28:38 > 0:28:40Sticking out that big tongue as he walks along,
0:28:40 > 0:28:42- just getting some nice, fresh water. - Wow!
0:28:43 > 0:28:47But Farouk's peaceful morning doesn't last long.
0:28:47 > 0:28:51- Oh!- Oh, wow!- Oh, wow! There's another bear!
0:28:51 > 0:28:56Farouk is being confronted, probably by another male. GROWLING AND SNARLING
0:28:56 > 0:28:57Oh, look at that!
0:28:59 > 0:29:02- Oh, man! - HEAVY THUDDING
0:29:02 > 0:29:06After standing up to swipe at each other, Farouk continues to growl.
0:29:12 > 0:29:15The other bear slowly retreats.
0:29:17 > 0:29:22Bites aren't unusual amongst male bears, but, in a crowded forest,
0:29:22 > 0:29:27they may be more common and the risk of injury much higher.
0:29:30 > 0:29:34As he lies down to recover, we see that Farouk is bleeding.
0:29:39 > 0:29:43He's broken his claw. That'll be painful,
0:29:43 > 0:29:46but the claw will drop off and grow back eventually.
0:29:48 > 0:29:50This time, he got off lightly.
0:29:53 > 0:29:56But, just when it looked like Farouk was in the clear,
0:29:56 > 0:29:59he spots another bear approaching.
0:29:59 > 0:30:02OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYS
0:30:07 > 0:30:09He makes a run for it.
0:30:18 > 0:30:20He's being chased.
0:30:30 > 0:30:33Running on an injured claw, the chase goes on for an exhausting
0:30:33 > 0:30:3745 minutes before the pursuer finally gives up.
0:30:43 > 0:30:46Farouk climbs to high ground and checks all around
0:30:46 > 0:30:49before he can eventually relax.
0:30:51 > 0:30:55The camera has shown how high bear numbers are,
0:30:55 > 0:30:57and how that can make life hard.
0:31:02 > 0:31:06And that's not the end of Farouk's excitement for the day.
0:31:06 > 0:31:08Oh! Oh, wow!
0:31:08 > 0:31:11There's another bear! Holy cow, look at that!
0:31:14 > 0:31:17The other bear's not acting aggressively towards him.
0:31:17 > 0:31:19- No, no.- That's really interesting.
0:31:19 > 0:31:22He's relaxed. He's sitting down.
0:31:22 > 0:31:24No, they...they know each other.
0:31:27 > 0:31:30It appears that this is Farouk's partner.
0:31:30 > 0:31:33JAZZ MUSIC PLAYS
0:31:33 > 0:31:35He may have been staying close to this female for weeks,
0:31:35 > 0:31:38waiting for her to be ready to mate.
0:31:45 > 0:31:48But she makes it clear... GROWLING
0:31:48 > 0:31:50..she's not ready just yet.
0:31:56 > 0:31:59Farouk has had a very busy day,
0:31:59 > 0:32:01and we've seen how stressful that can be.
0:32:11 > 0:32:14From what the cameras have shown him, Cagan thinks this
0:32:14 > 0:32:17small patch of forest can't sustain many more bears.
0:32:22 > 0:32:25If you were to close the dump overnight,
0:32:25 > 0:32:28there's going to be trouble pretty quick on its heels.
0:32:28 > 0:32:32And it has to be done, not just by closing the garbage dump, but also
0:32:32 > 0:32:35by creating better quality habitat
0:32:35 > 0:32:38with more natural food and more connectivity.
0:32:40 > 0:32:44Cagan's hoping he can use this footage to gain support for a plan
0:32:44 > 0:32:47to increase the size of the forest by planting 10 million trees.
0:32:50 > 0:32:52Then, if the dump closes,
0:32:52 > 0:32:57there will still be plenty of space and food for these threatened bears.
0:33:12 > 0:33:14In another wild corner of Europe,
0:33:14 > 0:33:18another Animals With Cameras team is starting a new adventure.
0:33:20 > 0:33:22We've come to the hills of southern France...
0:33:23 > 0:33:26..to see if we can help scientists protect one of Europe's most
0:33:26 > 0:33:28controversial carnivores...
0:33:31 > 0:33:32..the wolf.
0:33:35 > 0:33:40Wolves were hunted to extinction in France less than a century ago, but
0:33:40 > 0:33:43in the '90s they started to cross over the border from Italy. BARKING
0:33:45 > 0:33:49Their numbers have been slowly growing ever since,
0:33:49 > 0:33:52and there are now thought to be over 400 wolves
0:33:52 > 0:33:55living in the French countryside.
0:33:55 > 0:33:59This good news for wolf conservation is bad news for some farmers.
0:34:02 > 0:34:06Thousands of sheep roam these hills, and, every night,
0:34:06 > 0:34:09an age-old conflict plays out.
0:34:16 > 0:34:18ATMOSPHERIC MUSIC PLAYS
0:34:21 > 0:34:24In the dark, wolves venture out to hunt...
0:34:27 > 0:34:30..and sheep are often in their sights.
0:34:35 > 0:34:38This flock can't sense the danger they're in
0:34:38 > 0:34:41until it's too late.
0:34:41 > 0:34:44SUSPENSEFUL MUSIC PLAYS
0:34:49 > 0:34:54A sheep stands no chance against a hungry adult wolf.
0:35:01 > 0:35:04BELLS RING
0:35:05 > 0:35:10Farmers blame wolves for the deaths of thousands of sheep every year.
0:35:10 > 0:35:14Some shoot wolves, even though they're legally protected.
0:35:18 > 0:35:20Wolf biologist Jean-Marc Landry
0:35:20 > 0:35:22wants to find a solution to this problem.
0:35:24 > 0:35:28The presence of the wolf in France brings a lot of conflicts.
0:35:28 > 0:35:33You have extremes. Some people are pro and some are against.
0:35:33 > 0:35:37What we try is to be in the middle, to show a new way of coexistence.
0:35:39 > 0:35:43Jean-Marc thinks one answer is to give the flocks their very own
0:35:43 > 0:35:46security guards - a team of dogs.
0:35:51 > 0:35:54DOG BARKS
0:35:54 > 0:35:57These guardian dogs live with the sheep all their lives
0:35:57 > 0:35:59and have a strong bond with them.
0:36:08 > 0:36:10Using dogs in this way is an old idea.
0:36:13 > 0:36:15But not everyone thinks it's effective.
0:36:18 > 0:36:22Jean-Marc wants to convince people that it is and reveal
0:36:22 > 0:36:24how the dogs operate.
0:36:26 > 0:36:30But most wolf attacks are after dark.
0:36:32 > 0:36:34Can our night-vision collar cams
0:36:34 > 0:36:37take us to the heart of the conflict?
0:36:42 > 0:36:45For us, for my team, it's very, very exciting.
0:36:45 > 0:36:49Our goal now is to observe the interaction from the dogs,
0:36:49 > 0:36:52to be able to observe how the dog will chase off the wolf.
0:36:56 > 0:37:00Jean-Marc also hopes that the cameras could reveal if some dogs
0:37:00 > 0:37:02make better guardians than others.
0:37:04 > 0:37:07It's very important with these dogs that they are able to fight wolves,
0:37:07 > 0:37:11but they are very nice with people, and we need such a dog.
0:37:13 > 0:37:16This is stealing my sausages!
0:37:16 > 0:37:20HE SPEAKS IN FRENCH
0:37:24 > 0:37:28The cameras give an immediate insight into life amongst the flock.
0:37:32 > 0:37:36The dogs are a mixture of traditional mountain dog breeds.
0:37:44 > 0:37:46They don't herd the sheep,
0:37:46 > 0:37:48they just travel as part of the flock.
0:37:57 > 0:38:00They're not trained to protect the sheep.
0:38:00 > 0:38:02They should do it instinctively.
0:38:05 > 0:38:08But, if a wolf attacks, are the dogs
0:38:08 > 0:38:12really attached enough to the sheep to put THEIR lives on the line?
0:38:18 > 0:38:20HOWLING
0:38:25 > 0:38:28The collar cams have switched into night-vision mode.
0:38:28 > 0:38:31We can see exactly what each dog is doing.
0:38:35 > 0:38:39And our human camera team are in night-vision mode, too.
0:38:39 > 0:38:43They're looking out for any wolves approaching over the hillsides.
0:39:01 > 0:39:02It's midsummer, and the sheep are
0:39:02 > 0:39:05more active at night when it's cooler.
0:39:08 > 0:39:11The flock is moving in search of fresh grazing,
0:39:11 > 0:39:13and the dogs go with them.
0:39:20 > 0:39:23The onboard cameras reveal something unexpected.
0:39:30 > 0:39:32Different dogs are taking up
0:39:32 > 0:39:34different positions around the flock.
0:39:42 > 0:39:45SHEEP BLEAT
0:39:45 > 0:39:47Some of the dogs stay right in the middle...
0:39:56 > 0:39:59..while others prefer to hang out around the edge.
0:40:07 > 0:40:10What role will these different dogs play when wolves attack?
0:40:10 > 0:40:13OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYS
0:40:35 > 0:40:37There's plenty of other prey out here for wolves -
0:40:37 > 0:40:40rabbits and deer -
0:40:40 > 0:40:44but these vast flocks of sheep are a tempting target.
0:40:57 > 0:40:59A wolf begins to creep close...
0:41:03 > 0:41:06..and it's one of the dogs on the edge of the flock
0:41:06 > 0:41:09that's the first to sense danger.
0:41:09 > 0:41:11BARKING
0:41:13 > 0:41:16This wolf thinks better of attacking.
0:41:20 > 0:41:25Jean-Marc thinks that these outlying dogs play a vital role as sentries.
0:41:25 > 0:41:28BARKING
0:41:29 > 0:41:33Barking alone can be enough to see off a single wolf
0:41:33 > 0:41:35attempting a sneaky attack.
0:41:35 > 0:41:37OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYS
0:41:37 > 0:41:39BARKING
0:41:42 > 0:41:46But what will happen if a whole pack of wolves attacks?
0:41:55 > 0:41:57It's three o'clock in the morning.
0:42:01 > 0:42:05Out on the hillside, the dogs in the centre of the flock look relaxed...
0:42:12 > 0:42:14BARKING
0:42:15 > 0:42:18..while the others are pacing around the edge.
0:42:18 > 0:42:20OMINOUS MUSIC PLAYS
0:42:30 > 0:42:32They seem nervous.
0:42:32 > 0:42:34There's something out there.
0:42:39 > 0:42:42La! La, la! The wolf is there.
0:42:46 > 0:42:50A group of wolves is heading straight for the flock.
0:42:50 > 0:42:52SUSPENSEFUL MUSIC PLAYS
0:42:57 > 0:43:01BARKING The alarm goes off...
0:43:07 > 0:43:11..and other dogs rise to the challenge.
0:43:11 > 0:43:14One from the middle charges out to help see off the attack.
0:43:16 > 0:43:19The leading wolf flees.
0:43:31 > 0:43:34BARKING
0:43:37 > 0:43:40Now all four wolves are in retreat.
0:43:45 > 0:43:48It's a great result for Jean-Marc.
0:43:50 > 0:43:54We have seen the dogs chasing the wolves off, so it's very successful,
0:43:54 > 0:43:59- and no sheep were killed, so I'm very happy again. - HE LAUGHS
0:43:59 > 0:44:01GENTLE MUSIC PLAYS
0:44:03 > 0:44:07Our collar cams have shown Jean-Marc the importance of selecting a good
0:44:07 > 0:44:08mix of dogs.
0:44:10 > 0:44:14We have different personalities in dogs, and this is just amazing,
0:44:14 > 0:44:19yeah. We have some dogs who are, you know, they are very strong, they are
0:44:19 > 0:44:23bold, and they will go and they will run after the wolf.
0:44:23 > 0:44:26And you have also those who are very shy and they are afraid by
0:44:26 > 0:44:29everything, you know, so we are observing now a team of dogs,
0:44:29 > 0:44:33how they are working. And, of course, if a dog is a little afraid,
0:44:33 > 0:44:36he will bark and maybe give the alarm.
0:44:38 > 0:44:39So, in a pack of dogs now,
0:44:39 > 0:44:42you need different personalities, not only one.
0:44:46 > 0:44:50Jean-Marc shows the shepherds his evidence of what a good job the
0:44:50 > 0:44:51guardian dogs can do.
0:45:14 > 0:45:17These shepherds seem to be on board.
0:45:32 > 0:45:36With the use of guardian dogs, perhaps it will be possible for
0:45:36 > 0:45:41wolves and sheep to coexist in the hills of southern France.
0:46:02 > 0:46:08In this series, we travelled the world, from deserts to jungles
0:46:08 > 0:46:10to oceans... UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYS
0:46:13 > 0:46:17..helping scientists make ground-breaking discoveries.
0:46:20 > 0:46:22With the use of new camera technologies,
0:46:22 > 0:46:26we have been able to increase our understanding and knowledge of the
0:46:26 > 0:46:29most fantastic, most amazing wild animals,
0:46:29 > 0:46:33and we've revealed a side of their lives that has previously been a
0:46:33 > 0:46:35complete mystery.
0:46:35 > 0:46:38We captured the very first images of day-old meerkats,
0:46:38 > 0:46:43- deep underground. Wow!- Foraging for some pups.
0:46:43 > 0:46:48We discovered how seals track down their prey, far out at sea.
0:46:48 > 0:46:51- Look, dolphins! Oh, wow! - They're playful.- Oh, wow, wow!
0:46:53 > 0:46:57And revealed how young cheetahs develop their hunting skills.
0:46:59 > 0:47:03- Oh, so close!- Big fall! - Oh, my goodness me!
0:47:03 > 0:47:07It's been the animals that have taken us into their world...
0:47:09 > 0:47:14and hopefully what they've shown us will help to better protect them in
0:47:14 > 0:47:15the future.
0:47:25 > 0:47:27MID TEMPO BLUES MUSIC PLAYS
0:47:31 > 0:47:35In this episode, our biggest tech challenge was designing a camera for
0:47:35 > 0:47:38one of the deepest diving animals on Earth.
0:47:44 > 0:47:47Our first inspiration came from the remora fish,
0:47:47 > 0:47:49which stick to the devil rays.
0:47:51 > 0:47:55The work began in a shed in Devon.
0:47:55 > 0:47:59Camera engineers Jonathan Watts and Marcus Shirley tested their idea on
0:47:59 > 0:48:01a skate from the fishmonger.
0:48:03 > 0:48:06We're going to try putting suction cups on a piece of fish to see what
0:48:06 > 0:48:11the adhesion is like. Rays are, by their nature, quite slippery.
0:48:11 > 0:48:14They're not the sort of thing that you necessarily would be able to
0:48:14 > 0:48:16stick something to, so this is, this is something else.
0:48:18 > 0:48:21Oh, yeah, that's sticking reasonably well.
0:48:22 > 0:48:24But the rays would be in seawater...
0:48:30 > 0:48:34and with water and salt added, the suckers didn't stick.
0:48:36 > 0:48:38So Marcus came up with a new plan.
0:48:40 > 0:48:44So we have been told that some scientists have used peanut butter
0:48:44 > 0:48:47successfully on rays before.
0:48:47 > 0:48:53- OK, there you go.- Lovely. Right, here we go. In it goes.
0:48:53 > 0:48:58You know what? That's not bad. I wouldn't say it was perfect.
0:48:58 > 0:49:02I think the legend may be true, may have something in it.
0:49:02 > 0:49:05- Next stop, real Mobula ray. - Yeah, I think so.
0:49:07 > 0:49:10The team join the scientists in the Azores,
0:49:10 > 0:49:14armed with their newly built sucker cam and the tub of peanut butter.
0:49:16 > 0:49:19- It's always nice to have some energy food on board! - LAUGHTER
0:49:21 > 0:49:26No-one told Gonzalo that that was used on dead fish before!
0:49:26 > 0:49:27Good stuff.
0:49:27 > 0:49:30FUNKY MUSIC PLAYS
0:49:45 > 0:49:48But despite the encouraging lab test, the suction power of the
0:49:48 > 0:49:53humble peanut was no match for the thick slime on the ray's back.
0:50:05 > 0:50:06Enter plan B...
0:50:08 > 0:50:11The Towcam - a revolutionary new design.
0:50:21 > 0:50:24Jorge tested the camera in the harbour.
0:50:30 > 0:50:34By the way that it's moving underwater, it looks quite stable.
0:50:34 > 0:50:37I'm very confident that we'll be happy with the quality of the
0:50:37 > 0:50:38footage from these tests.
0:50:39 > 0:50:43But the rays can dive to more than 1,000m.
0:50:43 > 0:50:47Jorge had to be sure that the camera would work at these crushing depths.
0:50:54 > 0:50:58So now we're going to test how it behaves at depth.
0:51:00 > 0:51:02OK, moment of truth.
0:51:06 > 0:51:08A diving weight pulled the Towcam down.
0:51:15 > 0:51:18By 150 metres, the light was starting to fade.
0:51:20 > 0:51:23- That's it, OK. - HE SPEAKS IN OWN LANGUAGE
0:51:28 > 0:51:31The camera reached the end of Jorge's line and it was still
0:51:31 > 0:51:36working. But had the foam housing survived the pressure?
0:51:40 > 0:51:43I can see some white.
0:51:45 > 0:51:48Well, structurally, it seems OK.
0:51:49 > 0:51:53So we just have to check if it still floats as we expect.
0:51:57 > 0:51:59It's negative.
0:51:59 > 0:52:02Unfortunately, it looks like the
0:52:02 > 0:52:04foam took, indeed, a lot of water in.
0:52:04 > 0:52:08If we deploy this, it will just go down to the bottom after it's
0:52:08 > 0:52:10released from the animal and this
0:52:10 > 0:52:12would cause us to lose all the system.
0:52:14 > 0:52:17We needed much tougher foam.
0:52:20 > 0:52:25FUNKY MUSIC PLAYS One month later, and Towcam Mark II was ready to make its debut.
0:52:28 > 0:52:29We just got the new system,
0:52:29 > 0:52:33rebuilt these in the right foam, the right material.
0:52:33 > 0:52:37Hopefully this one will behave as we expect in terms of flotation and
0:52:37 > 0:52:39resistance to pressure.
0:52:40 > 0:52:43After another depth test...
0:52:43 > 0:52:46Yes. It's floating. It is still OK.
0:52:47 > 0:52:49..Towcam II was ready for action.
0:52:53 > 0:52:57But it's a 24-hour boat ride out to the devil rays,
0:52:57 > 0:53:01so first we wanted to test the camera on an animal closer to port.
0:53:07 > 0:53:09So we come here to the sheltered north shore, and
0:53:09 > 0:53:12hopefully we'll be able to attract a couple of blue sharks,
0:53:12 > 0:53:16and deploy our cameras, just to see how they look when they're being
0:53:16 > 0:53:17towed by an actual animal.
0:53:20 > 0:53:23Jorge's team used fish scraps to entice the sharks.
0:53:34 > 0:53:36Yeah! Yeah!
0:53:44 > 0:53:47Blue sharks can grow to nearly four metres.
0:53:51 > 0:53:55Jorge has been studying them in the Azores for years,
0:53:55 > 0:53:57and he knew that they could comfortably tow a camera.
0:54:02 > 0:54:07He slipped a noose over the shark's nose with the Towcam attached.
0:54:10 > 0:54:12Ooh!
0:54:14 > 0:54:18- Yes! Oh! Yeah!- Well done.
0:54:18 > 0:54:21This, I believe, the first camera on a blue shark, ever.
0:54:24 > 0:54:27The camera would detach after eight hours.
0:54:30 > 0:54:36But it's good. Perfect position. Yes! Woo! Yeah.
0:54:38 > 0:54:41UPBEAT MUSIC PLAYS
0:54:41 > 0:54:44It was time to hand filming duties over to our shark.
0:55:08 > 0:55:12- Look at that! Oh! - Oh!- He's going fast.
0:55:12 > 0:55:14Oh, very good.
0:55:14 > 0:55:17There's a lot more movement on the shark than on the camera.
0:55:17 > 0:55:19It's actually...it's perfect.
0:55:22 > 0:55:26Success. The camera captured a steady, clear shot.
0:55:30 > 0:55:33A very nice perspective of the pilot fish, just taking advantage of the
0:55:33 > 0:55:36wake of the shark, so saving energy.
0:55:38 > 0:55:40It's very amazing. Look at that.
0:55:42 > 0:55:45I'm very, very happy with these first results.
0:55:45 > 0:55:49We can only hope that this new tool opens a new frontier.
0:55:52 > 0:55:56Now, confident in our camera,
0:55:56 > 0:56:00we could finally enter the devil ray's underwater world.
0:56:00 > 0:56:03EVOCATIVE MUSIC PLAYS