:00:14. > :00:21.What do a scintillating stream full of sparkling salmon? A throng of
:00:21. > :00:31.itchy badgers? Masses of migrating songbirds? All have in common? They
:00:31. > :00:58.
:00:58. > :01:03.are all on Autumnwatch Live now, so Hello and welcome to Autumnwatch
:01:03. > :01:09.Live coming to you from the beautiful National Arboretum at
:01:09. > :01:13.Westonbirt in Gloucester. Last week, we were in the Forest of Dean. This
:01:13. > :01:18.week we have chosen another location. We will be live every
:01:18. > :01:22.week. Our objective is to bring you the best of British wildlife along
:01:22. > :01:27.with some information and entertainment. We can promise that.
:01:27. > :01:31.Autumn? Does it feel like autumn? It has been hot today. We have been
:01:31. > :01:37.in T-shirts. Very mild. You have already sent us photographs of snow
:01:37. > :01:40.in the Scottish highlands. It is feeling chillier tonight.
:01:40. > :01:44.Definitely the temperature has dropped. Many of you have been
:01:44. > :01:51.sending in images of how wildlife is coping with the change of
:01:51. > :01:57.seasons. Our friends at the RSPB reserve in Scotland sent this
:01:57. > :02:02.footage which is of pink-footed geese that have been migrating from
:02:02. > :02:07.Iceland and they are just arriving. Many of them will stay there. Lots
:02:07. > :02:16.of them will migrate further south. Do you know how many they had there
:02:16. > :02:22.last week? 60,000 roosting. In a week? Yes. Must have been an
:02:22. > :02:27.incredible sight. It's open 8.00 till 6.00. If I was you, I would
:02:27. > :02:32.get yourself along. Where did we get ourselves to this week? This is
:02:32. > :02:38.where we headed off to. This is Spurn Point in East Yorkshire. It
:02:39. > :02:43.may look like a sliver of sand, but it has some of the finest birds
:02:43. > :02:46.there. It is not just birds that are migrating. One of the most
:02:46. > :02:52.impressive migrations that happens at this time of the year, for their
:02:52. > :02:56.sheer determination and effort, has to be Atlantic salmon. We sent this
:02:56. > :03:03.week's special guest presenter, Charlie Hamilton-James, off to
:03:03. > :03:07.Scotland and he got some really fabulous footage. Look at that!
:03:07. > :03:14.Brilliant stuff. Good shot. I have been on an adventure, too. First,
:03:14. > :03:24.as is traditional, let us have our Autumnwatch quiz. This is a sound
:03:24. > :03:24.
:03:24. > :03:29.quiz. Let us hear that magical sound. Very quiet. The epitome of
:03:29. > :03:38.autumn. If you hear that... We are playing that in. In truth, we could
:03:38. > :03:43.be listening to it now. Earlier, I thought I was! That was a clue!
:03:43. > :03:48.on the blog and tell us what you think that sound is. Now, autumn is
:03:48. > :03:54.a key time of year for one of our favourite animals, the badger. In
:03:54. > :04:01.this year's Autumnwatch, we will get closer to badgers than we have
:04:01. > :04:08.ever been before. This week, I have come to this beautiful valley
:04:08. > :04:10.because in those woods over there is a family of badgers. These are a
:04:10. > :04:14.is a family of badgers. These are a very special family of badgers.
:04:14. > :04:19.They will allow us a more intimate look into their lives than we have
:04:19. > :04:24.ever had before. Like most badgers, the ones we will be following live
:04:24. > :04:28.in an extended family group, or clan. They emerge in the evening to
:04:28. > :04:34.search for food. Their territory includes the woodland and much of
:04:34. > :04:39.the neighbouring farmland. Andrew Cooper owns the farm and woods.
:04:39. > :04:43.He's been watching and filming them for years. His quest, to find out
:04:43. > :04:47.about every aspect of their lives, led him to do something we have
:04:47. > :04:56.never seen on Autumnwatch before. He got special permission from
:04:56. > :05:01.DEFRA to put cameras underground, inside the badgers' sett. You dug
:05:01. > :05:07.down... Slowly moved down into it until we broke into a chamber.
:05:07. > :05:11.Inserted a tube. And then dropped the camera down. Very clever. This
:05:11. > :05:15.autumn, we have joined forces with Andrew setting up our own
:05:15. > :05:19.specialist cameras around the badgers' territory, including an
:05:19. > :05:22.area in Andrew's garden. Like many people, Andrew gives his badgers a
:05:22. > :05:32.feed of peanuts which should be a great chance to meet the
:05:32. > :05:34.
:05:34. > :05:41.individuals that we will be following. How fantastic! So you
:05:41. > :05:51.know right away that that is the big guy. Yes. Big wide head. We
:05:51. > :05:52.
:05:52. > :06:01.have called the big male badger Boris. He is smelling. Three now.
:06:01. > :06:08.We have two boars. The closest one is the female. You can tell that by
:06:08. > :06:13.the shape of the head? Yes. She's a bit more delicate in the face.
:06:13. > :06:23.Andrew thinks this is the female that he's named Fancy Claws - you
:06:23. > :06:27.will see why later! There's four. fourth badger coming in. Eventually,
:06:28. > :06:32.seven of the badgers came out to feed. We have met our key
:06:32. > :06:37.characters. All the cameras are in place. It's going to be fascinating
:06:37. > :06:45.to go underground now and get a unique glimpse into the badgers'
:06:45. > :06:51.world. Never get tired of seeing live badgers. It is such a thrill.
:06:52. > :06:58.Anyway, we have these live cameras now. Let us have a look. We will go
:06:58. > :07:04.to our live cameras. This is one of the Chambers in the sett. We are
:07:04. > :07:09.looking sideways. That is looking down into that chamber. This is a
:07:09. > :07:13.deeper chamber. The sett is full of lots of chambers. That is very dark.
:07:13. > :07:16.That is outside. We will keep an eye on that. Nobody there at the
:07:16. > :07:22.moment. They are probably out feeding. They will come back. Let's
:07:22. > :07:29.have a look at some footage we recorded earlier. Here we are in
:07:29. > :07:34.the sett. Here the badger comes in. She's a female. They are very
:07:34. > :07:39.hygienic. They will move this bedding in-and-out of the sett.
:07:39. > :07:49.They will try and dry it out on a sunny day. If it gets too mucky,
:07:49. > :07:49.
:07:49. > :07:54.they will throw it outside the sett. Foxes won't take their bedding
:07:54. > :08:01.outside. Remember, it is totally dark in here. It's only the
:08:01. > :08:11.infrared that allows us to see this. This female here is Fancy Claws.
:08:11. > :08:11.
:08:11. > :08:15.You can see - she is going to hold her arm up. You can see there
:08:15. > :08:20."fancy claws". Hopefully, Fancy Claws may turn up later tonight. It
:08:20. > :08:24.is a very busy time of year for badgers. They put on three
:08:24. > :08:27.kilograms of weight as winter approaches. That is port for the
:08:27. > :08:30.females. They need that -- important for the females. They
:08:30. > :08:33.need that weight to successfully breed. This is the last chance for
:08:33. > :08:38.the badgers to breed because they will give birth in early spring so
:08:38. > :08:42.we might see a bit of mating as well. I'm going to be watching,
:08:42. > :08:49.keeping an eye on these all through the show. Of course, for the next
:08:49. > :08:55.two or three weeks we will be watching the badgers. Back to Chris
:08:55. > :09:02.and Michaela. I love a badger with a manicure!
:09:02. > :09:05.You know why? Why? It allows us to identify it as an individual badger.
:09:05. > :09:12.Which is really interesting. It hopefully will be interesting to
:09:12. > :09:17.all of you, too. For the Next 11 days, you can tune in between 5.00
:09:17. > :09:21.and 11.00 on our website and see and 11.00 on our website and see
:09:21. > :09:25.these badgers live. You can monitor them yourselves. We are hoping you
:09:25. > :09:30.will get to know them as individual animals. Through doing that, we
:09:30. > :09:33.hope to learn a lot more about the hope to learn a lot more about the
:09:33. > :09:39.intricacies of their behaviour. is a fab first for Autumnwatch Live.
:09:39. > :09:44.We will be keeping a close eye on that. It is a very important time
:09:44. > :09:48.for many birds, too. In fact, this is the time for the autumn bird
:09:48. > :09:57.migration, so earlier this week Chris and I headed up to the North
:09:57. > :10:06.East to one of the best places in the country to witness it.
:10:06. > :10:09.headed to the mouth of the Humber estuary in East Yorkshire. Our
:10:09. > :10:16.destination was the Spurn Point Nature Reserve which is managed by
:10:16. > :10:22.the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust. This is the most amazing view. Look
:10:22. > :10:28.at this, Chris. Worth the climb. Wow! What a brilliant piece of
:10:28. > :10:32.habitat. You must love it here? I do. It is very dynamic. This place
:10:32. > :10:37.has been changing shape and form for hundreds of years. It is
:10:37. > :10:46.fragile. Three miles long, in some places only 50 metres wide. Spurn
:10:47. > :10:52.Point is famous for its birdlife. Huge flocks of water birds come to
:10:52. > :10:59.spend the winter feeding in the rich mudflats. They make for a
:10:59. > :11:04.stunning autumn spectacle. It is the range of species that is
:11:04. > :11:07.staggering. Really, this has formed a migration hotspot. Doesn't matter
:11:08. > :11:12.which direction the birds come from, they bump into this. It is the only
:11:12. > :11:19.land so it is a great place to catch them. You know, birdwatchers
:11:19. > :11:29.also flock to Spurn every year in the hope of seeing a rare species.
:11:29. > :11:31.
:11:31. > :11:36.Top spot! It was an amazing place. It had a bleak beauty. I like it. I
:11:36. > :11:43.like it. It is very primal. It is an amazing place for birds. Ticks
:11:43. > :11:48.all my boxes. It feels very remote but it's very close to the busy
:11:48. > :11:56.Port of Hull. You can see those big ships coming back. Huge tonnage of
:11:56. > :12:00.goods imported every year. We saw migratory birds all the time.
:12:00. > :12:09.got blown out the car. There was this constant stream of birds.
:12:09. > :12:16.Sometimes they were in large flocks, sometimes they were in small groups.
:12:16. > :12:20.There were geese and lots of other water fowl. There were lots of
:12:20. > :12:25.waders. Lots of waders. There is a huge amount of mud there. It is one
:12:25. > :12:31.of those places that will be busy at this time of year. This is a
:12:31. > :12:37.place that you could head at the weekend if you wanted a mixture of
:12:37. > :12:42.birds. I saw something rather unusual. Red-throated pip it?
:12:42. > :12:52.People got very excited about that. Chris didn't see it. We did get
:12:52. > :12:52.
:12:52. > :13:01.some real gems on camera as you will see. Hi. How you getting on?
:13:01. > :13:09.You have been here for a few days. What have you seen? All the birds
:13:09. > :13:13.communicate really well. The little bird bobbing a lot? Yes. That is a
:13:13. > :13:19.migrant that's come over from Scandinavia. The majority of the
:13:19. > :13:26.day he's been sat resting amongst the reeds. In the past hour, he's
:13:26. > :13:30.come out to feed. He's put on a good show. He is doing a lot of
:13:30. > :13:35.bobbing? He is next to water and a lot of water birds bob. It is one
:13:35. > :13:40.of those characteristics... He is like a kangaroo. Very quick. But he
:13:40. > :13:46.is having a good old feed. I guess he is hungry. I think you are doing
:13:46. > :13:50.a fab job in this wind to get any steady shots! It is a challenge?
:13:50. > :13:55.is warm, but it is windy. I will leave you to it. You have a few
:13:55. > :14:00.more hours to get some gems. See you later. See you in a bit.
:14:00. > :14:05.obvious question is, why do they bob? It is very easy to answer it.
:14:05. > :14:12.I don't know! Apparently, nor does anyone else. If you have any ideas,
:14:12. > :14:18.do send them into our blog. It is very complex and we should move on.
:14:18. > :14:24.Another thing that our wildlife cameramen got were a couple of
:14:24. > :14:31.these iconic birds of autumn. The first one is the brambling. The
:14:31. > :14:34.first of these turned up on 4th September in the UK, on 27th
:14:34. > :14:41.September at Spurn. Following after that were the redwings. The first
:14:41. > :14:46.of these turned up on 27th of this month. These thrushes are easy to
:14:47. > :14:53.spot. They move from the coast and move inland to our gardens,
:14:53. > :14:58.particularly if we have lots of berries. You will see them in
:14:58. > :15:03.supermarket car parks - I'm not joking! You might even find a
:15:03. > :15:08.waxwing there. Anyway, has anyone else seen any redwings? People
:15:08. > :15:13.really are seeing them right now. It is this week that they really
:15:13. > :15:15.come in. Jenny Anderson, "I have come in. Jenny Anderson, "I have
:15:15. > :15:19.seen 30 redwing today in Staffordshire." Adam has said, "I
:15:19. > :15:27.was walking home from my friend's house and I could hear the
:15:27. > :15:32.redwings." Pam Taylor saw redwings in Flamborough today. Already these
:15:32. > :15:35.birds have started to move inland. Keep your eyes open. You will see
:15:35. > :15:40.Keep your eyes open. You will see them. Eyes and ears. It is not just
:15:40. > :15:43.the birds which are migrants. There are many other species which
:15:43. > :15:50.migrate. This week, we have been very fortunate to be joined by our
:15:50. > :16:00.guest presenter, Charlie Hamilton- James. We sent him off here to
:16:00. > :16:11.
:16:11. > :16:14.Scotland to a place in Perthshire. There are many species we associate
:16:14. > :16:20.with autumn. If you are visiting a river at this time of year it has
:16:20. > :16:26.to be salmon that you are looking for. These salmon have come from
:16:26. > :16:35.the sea and now they have got to run up these ferocious rivers to
:16:35. > :16:40.get back to where they spawn. It is the classic autumn scene, salmon
:16:40. > :16:45.leaping upriver. For the locals, it appears to be a stebg Tay Tor sport.
:16:45. > :16:51.I am clearly not the -- to be a spectator sport. I am clearly not
:16:51. > :16:55.the only one here to watch. You guys seen any? How big? That big?
:16:55. > :16:59.Yeah. To capture these impressive beasts as they make their mighty
:16:59. > :17:07.leaps, the Autumnwatch team have brought along the very latest
:17:07. > :17:12.camera technology. When a salmon leaps, it is so fast to get up that
:17:12. > :17:17.waterfall. We have a super-slow motion camera. This will slow
:17:17. > :17:22.everything right down. Of course it doesn't matter how fancy your
:17:22. > :17:26.camera is. If you are not paying attention, you don't get the shot.
:17:26. > :17:30.Nearly add that one! But we hit things just at the right time of
:17:30. > :17:40.the year and with salmon leaping every few minutes, it is not long
:17:40. > :17:41.
:17:41. > :17:46.before I get lucky. I pressed the button. Let's hope I got it! I
:17:46. > :17:54.certainly did get it and the slow motion reveals something of how the
:17:55. > :17:59.salmon jump. As it flies upwards, this fish has its pectoral fins
:17:59. > :18:04.tucked in. Clearly making itself as streamline as possible in the hope
:18:04. > :18:09.of making a successful leap. But the fish hasn't done enough to
:18:09. > :18:13.reach the top. So now it pushes those fins outwards to slow itself
:18:13. > :18:21.down and cushion its blow as it hits the water. Something I never
:18:21. > :18:27.would have seen with the naked eye. Looking at this, I would estimate
:18:27. > :18:32.they have to jump about six feet to make that waterfall. But apparently
:18:32. > :18:37.the world record for a salmon leap is 12 feet! Can you imagine a
:18:37. > :18:41.salmon leaping 12 feet out the water? You might think it's the
:18:41. > :18:45.raging torrent of water that stops the fish making it up these great
:18:45. > :18:54.heights. Without all that water, they simply wouldn't have the depth
:18:54. > :18:58.of river needed to make the fast underwater run that precedes the
:18:58. > :19:03.spectacular leap. A fast-flowing river is essential to their success.
:19:03. > :19:13.Even in these conditions, it can take a good few goes to make it up
:19:13. > :19:16.the waterfall. Oh! He didn't make it either. I'm not going to film it
:19:16. > :19:20.unless I think it's going to make it. It is interesting the
:19:21. > :19:24.difference in some of these fish. Some are huge. Some are small. Some
:19:24. > :19:27.are silver. Some are brown. The brown ones have been in the river
:19:27. > :19:31.longer. Some of them have been here since the spring. They have been
:19:31. > :19:36.waiting for these autumn rains to fill the rivers up to allow them to
:19:36. > :19:40.head up to spawn. The more silvery fish, the more recent. Some of them
:19:40. > :19:50.might have come from the sea but because the rivers are swollen,
:19:50. > :19:51.
:19:51. > :19:56.they can get upriver to spawn. Did you see that?! That was massive.
:19:57. > :20:03.Let's check I got it. This is clearly one of those fish straight
:20:03. > :20:08.from the sea. It's a beautiful rich mix of silvers, blues and purples.
:20:08. > :20:14.Witnessing so many of these salmon jumping has been great fun. I know
:20:14. > :20:20.this species is facing a lot of threat and one in particular could
:20:20. > :20:28.one day see them fail to leap these falls. I will be finding out why
:20:28. > :20:31.next. Wow! He's delivered. I thought they were stunning pictures.
:20:31. > :20:37.The fish was beautifully lit. Imagine that as a still. I would be
:20:37. > :20:42.pleased with it! It was a big wow, for you to say that is something.
:20:42. > :20:47.He's done brilliantly. It is a real marvel of nature, how those salmon
:20:47. > :20:52.manage to migrate back from the sea to the exact same river they were
:20:52. > :20:58.born in. I know. Start in fresh water, go to salt, come back to
:20:58. > :21:03.fresh. More of the salmon coming up later. Martin, how are the live
:21:03. > :21:09.badgers? The badgers are great. We haven't seen - here we are. These
:21:09. > :21:15.are the cameras that are deep inside our badgers' sett. We have
:21:15. > :21:21.seen a mouse. That seems - a mouse? So what? What is a mouse doing
:21:21. > :21:30.inside the sett? Badgers are very tolerant. You often find rabbits
:21:30. > :21:35.sharing the sett - bizarre. This sett, what is this sett? It is a
:21:35. > :21:44.mesh of tunnels. In a normal sett you get between five and eight
:21:44. > :21:50.badges. Sometimes they get enormous. One of them had 150 entrances to it,
:21:50. > :21:55.880 metres of tunnels and 50 chambers within it. It is in the
:21:55. > :21:59.chambers that all the action takes place. There are chambers high up
:21:59. > :22:03.and chambers lowdown. During the day, they will sleep down here.
:22:03. > :22:08.Then they will come up as evening wears on and they will come out of
:22:08. > :22:13.the entrances. Also, they will mate, they will breed, they will fight.
:22:13. > :22:19.They will even sometimes, it is said, bury their dead in their
:22:19. > :22:25.chambers. We will be keeping an eye on this. Now, Chris and Michaela
:22:25. > :22:28.saw lots of birds when they were at Spurn Point, migrating birds. Spurn
:22:28. > :22:33.Point is not just about birdwatching. A lot of research
:22:33. > :22:40.goes on up there as well. Some of the research needs a special kind
:22:40. > :22:50.of trap. Here it is. This is a very special
:22:50. > :22:55.trap. Called a heligoland trap. These were invented to catch
:22:55. > :22:59.migrating thrushes. Basically, the bushes continue down into the mouth
:22:59. > :23:03.of a funnel which is made of wire so the birds move through those
:23:03. > :23:10.bushes, come down into these and finally follow right the way down
:23:10. > :23:16.to what we call the capture box. You can hear the birdsong. This is
:23:16. > :23:23.because these speakers are playing the calls of finches to lure them
:23:23. > :23:27.in. This is a highly effective means of catching birds. These are
:23:27. > :23:32.used all over the world. It's been doing a great job, this one. It
:23:32. > :23:40.won't do with me in here disturbing the birds so I'm going to clear
:23:40. > :23:46.out! It's a team effort to gently coax the birds into the trap. So I
:23:46. > :23:51.join the what den of Spurn Bird Observatory, Paul Collins. At the
:23:51. > :23:55.end of the funnel here, there is a trapdoor. If you pull that, Paul,
:23:55. > :24:00.there is a piece of Perspex that looks clear. It looks as if there
:24:00. > :24:06.is no mesh. The birds are drawn to it. They drop down into a box
:24:06. > :24:16.that's beneath it. As you can see, it is now in the catching box. It
:24:16. > :24:18.
:24:18. > :24:25.is in two tiers. The bigger birds will stay at the box. Top thinking!
:24:25. > :24:31.It's still in molt, so it's an adult. The adults will change all
:24:31. > :24:37.their flight feathers. Yeah. These go down to Spain and to southern
:24:37. > :24:42.France. Do you think it might be a UK bird? Yes. Probably a British
:24:42. > :24:47.bird. Wow. This is a young male. See the red spots? That is enough
:24:47. > :24:53.to tell you it's male? That's enough. In the spring, it will have
:24:53. > :24:58.a nice pink chest. Yeah. Each bird is ringed, logged and added to an
:24:58. > :25:03.impressive database. Observations have been made here for well over
:25:03. > :25:06.60 years, revealing a huge amount, especially about the movements of
:25:06. > :25:11.birds into our country from Northern Europe and Scandinavia.
:25:11. > :25:15.Today, though, we have been really lucky to get a close look at a
:25:15. > :25:21.predator that's been following the migrants even more closely than we
:25:21. > :25:27.have. Paul, you have caught one of my favourite birds, a mouse
:25:27. > :25:32.sparrowhawk? He is a cracker. is not a lot of nesting habitat for
:25:32. > :25:35.these things. This is presumably not a local bird? No. This will be
:25:35. > :25:39.a Scandinavian bird following the thrushes coming over. This will
:25:39. > :25:46.head further south as the finches go further south. Amazing. We
:25:46. > :25:56.should say it is a juvenile. Yes. Some brown in the feathers there.
:25:56. > :25:57.
:25:57. > :26:02.Yeah. They are a species that many people would think aren't migratory.
:26:02. > :26:06.There could be other birds moving in. Yes. Look at those eyes. They
:26:06. > :26:13.burn into the dark heart of your soul. It is watching you all right!
:26:13. > :26:19.Look at that. That was a special moment for you. Fully paid up
:26:19. > :26:25.member of the sparrowhawk fan club! Superb. Big thanks to the Yorkshire
:26:25. > :26:31.Wildlife Trust. Also to the Spurn Bird Observatory. This is one of
:26:31. > :26:37.the best years to go to Spurn because they have had the best
:26:37. > :26:41.numbers of visible migration of small songbirds ever at Spurn which
:26:41. > :26:45.is incredible. 190,000 birds have been counted already. That is twice
:26:45. > :26:49.as many as last year and of course the migration hasn't finished. It
:26:49. > :26:52.is still going. Those numbers will go up. What is extraordinary is
:26:52. > :27:00.each day seems to bring in different birds and when we were
:27:00. > :27:04.there, it was goldfinch day. 1,300. It was. There are volunteers that
:27:04. > :27:07.go out every morning and count the birds coming through. They are
:27:07. > :27:13.astonishing. They will see a flock like that and they will instantly
:27:13. > :27:18.know how many that is. Also, they will be able to say exactly how
:27:18. > :27:22.many goldfinches there are. So really impressive and it is
:27:22. > :27:27.volunteers like that that give such important information. Conservation
:27:27. > :27:32.couldn't work without that sort of volunteer workforce. And also their
:27:32. > :27:37.fantastic expertise. If we don't know where things are, we can't
:27:37. > :27:44.look after them. Goldfinches, you may not think of them as migrant
:27:44. > :27:49.birds. You are used to seeing them in your back garden. They have
:27:49. > :27:56.become more apparent when the RSPB and the BTO do their garden
:27:56. > :28:00.birdwatchs. I think this is because they have got used to feeding. We
:28:00. > :28:04.are seeing more of them. They don't stay in our gardens all year-round.
:28:04. > :28:08.Those birds were on the move. When the food runs short, they move.
:28:08. > :28:12.Some of them will hop over the Channel, down through France and
:28:12. > :28:17.end up in southern Spain. They are not the same goldfinches in your
:28:17. > :28:22.garden. Martin, you are a man who is a fan of these birds, aren't
:28:22. > :28:26.you? I am, Chris. The goldfinches turned up in my garden this week,
:28:26. > :28:34.right on cue. People say to me, why are British birds so dull and
:28:34. > :28:38.brown? Look a a goldfinch! Exotic or what! Now, back to our badgers.
:28:38. > :28:42.Here we are in the sett again. Nothing has come in. I'm a bit
:28:42. > :28:47.surprised. When I was down there on Monday, right now they were - it
:28:47. > :28:52.was full of badgers. There is breaking news. Before quay came on
:28:52. > :28:59.air, I called Andrew -- before we came on air, I called Andrew and he
:28:59. > :29:05.said a new badger has turned up. An old battered, Scarface male who has
:29:05. > :29:11.been gone for two weeks, he's turned up tonight so watch this
:29:11. > :29:21.space and watch at home. Now, let's remind ourselves about that quiz.
:29:21. > :29:31.
:29:31. > :29:38.The sound quiz. Let's have one more listen at the sound. BIRDSONG
:29:39. > :29:43.Lynne things it might be a robin. Darren thinks it might be a
:29:43. > :29:48.redstart. We will come back to that. Right, over the last few years,
:29:48. > :29:58.there's been an awful lot of concern about salmon numbers in the
:29:58. > :29:59.
:29:59. > :30:05.UK. In his next report, Charlie Every autumn, Atlantic salmon
:30:05. > :30:09.return from the sea to mate in our British rivers. One of autumn's
:30:09. > :30:13.greatest spectacles is seeing them leap up waterfalls to reach their
:30:13. > :30:18.spawning grounds. But this spectacle could be trouble. In
:30:18. > :30:23.recent years, there have been many alarming reports about declining
:30:23. > :30:28.numbers of fish. Earlier in the year, during August, I took a
:30:28. > :30:32.moment to investigate. At this time of the year, salmon are coming back
:30:32. > :30:36.from their feeding ground way in the North Atlantic to here, the
:30:36. > :30:41.most northern tip of mainland Scotland. That movement of fish has
:30:41. > :30:47.created a fishing industry that dates back hundreds of years. Sea
:30:47. > :30:53.fishing for salmon used to be very common, but nowadays only a handful
:30:54. > :30:57.of working boats remain. The fish are caught as they arrive back from
:30:57. > :31:03.the open ocean. Far from the decreasing numbers I have heard
:31:03. > :31:13.about, James Mackay believes things are on the up. Is this
:31:13. > :31:14.
:31:14. > :31:18.representative of the catch? Last year was the best season ever.
:31:18. > :31:22.the quantities of salmon are increasing as James suggests, are
:31:22. > :31:27.all the reports of the species being in trouble a myth? Apparently
:31:27. > :31:31.not. Chris Todd and his team from St Andrews University have been
:31:31. > :31:35.monitoring the fish from James' catch for over a decade. Their
:31:35. > :31:43.Results Show that whilst quantity may not be a problem, the quality
:31:43. > :31:47.of the fish certainly is. The first measure of quality is the weight of
:31:47. > :31:51.the fish. What is of critical importance to the animal is the fat
:31:51. > :31:57.reserves that it's stored up. All of these fish need that energy to
:31:57. > :32:03.get up the river, to spawn, and get back to sea. And to give you an
:32:03. > :32:09.idea, this is the fat that we have extracted from a plump high quality
:32:09. > :32:15.fish. And by contrast, this is the fat we have extracted from a very
:32:15. > :32:19.poor quality fish. Both of these at the point of return to coastal
:32:19. > :32:24.waters. Low-fat reserves mean less energy for the salmon's migration
:32:24. > :32:31.up river and that is not the only problem. Chris thinks size is an
:32:31. > :32:36.issue, too. In this particular individual, it is a typical size
:32:36. > :32:42.for a so-called one sea winter Scottish salmon. The average size
:32:42. > :32:49.of these fish in 1997 was about 29% higher than it is now. Wow! These
:32:49. > :32:53.fish are coming back almost a third smaller than they were 14 years ago.
:32:53. > :32:59.Size is critically important to these animals because larger fish
:32:59. > :33:04.produce more eggs than smaller fish. So you can see if the average size
:33:05. > :33:10.of females for example is a third down, the actual numbers of eggs
:33:10. > :33:15.being deposited in fresh water is likely to be compromised.
:33:15. > :33:18.appears that Chris's work is showing us that despite salmon
:33:18. > :33:24.numbers increasing, their physical quality, crucial to their ability
:33:24. > :33:29.to reach their spawning grounds and mate, is going down. And for Chris,
:33:29. > :33:34.there's an obvious reason why. seems to be very much a case of
:33:34. > :33:37.climate change, ocean warming. Salmon are migrating out into the
:33:37. > :33:40.Norwegian sea here. The distribution of their food seems to
:33:40. > :33:43.be changing with temperature, so they are arriving in the right
:33:43. > :33:49.place but the food simply isn't there. The frustration is what can
:33:49. > :33:55.we do about it? Probably the answer is not a great deal except to
:33:55. > :33:58.maximise the quality of the fresh water habitat, manage the right
:33:58. > :34:03.habitat, make sure the adults have every opportunity to spawn and
:34:03. > :34:07.rivers can produce as many juveniles as possible. I know it is
:34:07. > :34:11.an old cliche but only time will tell if this change in the quality
:34:11. > :34:15.of salmon will cause long-term problems. Getting back to this
:34:15. > :34:19.autumn, I'm intrigued to know how many are making it back to those
:34:19. > :34:26.crucially important spawning grounds and so that is where I am
:34:26. > :34:30.headed next. So worrying statistics for our
:34:30. > :34:34.salmon. A bit of mixed information about how they are doing? It is
:34:34. > :34:38.very complex, the whole salmon issue. If there is one thing that
:34:38. > :34:45.comes over very clearly from that film, it is that they are in urgent
:34:45. > :34:50.need of conservation. We have got to keep our finger on that pulse.
:34:50. > :34:55.What are we going to do? Have another look at badgers? I think so.
:34:55. > :35:02.Why haven't they turned up? Of course, we have microphones in
:35:02. > :35:04.there, too. They have gone out to food. They have gone out to food.
:35:04. > :35:08.Because it's got darker earlier. That is probably the difference.
:35:08. > :35:14.When you were down there, there was a week's difference. At this stage,
:35:14. > :35:20.once they go out to feed, they do drift back to the sett. We saw that,
:35:20. > :35:30.they came back. Shall we have a look at grooming badgers? Have a
:35:30. > :35:31.
:35:31. > :35:35.look at this. They do an awful lot of this, Chris. Cleaning each other
:35:36. > :35:41.up all the time. They are tremendously sociable animals.
:35:41. > :35:46.There is is a close bond between all of them. A great deal of them
:35:46. > :35:50.are interrelated - mothers and cubs. They do a lot of scenting. They
:35:50. > :35:54.will mark each other so I guess in the dark they all know who each
:35:54. > :36:02.other is. You can pick up the scent yourself. You can smell badger. I
:36:02. > :36:12.catch a whiff when I am walking through the woods. The fox hits you
:36:12. > :36:15.
:36:15. > :36:20.in the face. I had one mark my shoe once! Shall we have a look at a bit
:36:20. > :36:23.more badger? What else have we got? This is very interesting. This is
:36:23. > :36:29.Fancy Claws. She appears to be trying to get some sort of interest
:36:29. > :36:35.out of Boris, the male. You know what? It is not going well. Do you
:36:35. > :36:39.think he might... Oh dear. Disinterested! I'm off to eat
:36:39. > :36:45.worms! It is interesting because they do - this time of year they
:36:45. > :36:53.will mate. A full-on mating could last 15 to 60 minutes. Occasionally,
:36:53. > :36:56.they will have a short copulation - maybe two minutes. A male will stay
:36:56. > :37:00.in attendance with a female and mate repeatedly. Some people have
:37:00. > :37:04.come up with the idea that this is mating for pleasure. Now, I would
:37:04. > :37:07.dispute that. I don't think animals do anything for no reason
:37:07. > :37:12.whatsoever. Pleasure will be not a good enough reason. What about
:37:12. > :37:17.those short two-minute copulations? That could be a way of bonding the
:37:17. > :37:22.pair together? There is bonding going on. I'm also thinking if a
:37:22. > :37:28.female is able to encourage a male to mate he can't be off mating with
:37:28. > :37:32.any other females. She's secured him. He is giving her all of his
:37:32. > :37:37.attention. In birds, they get the males to make nests. So perhaps
:37:37. > :37:44.this is a way of maintaining his attention so he doesn't stray.
:37:45. > :37:52.feel the female badger is slightly naughty. She doesn't reciprocate.
:37:52. > :37:58.He tends to be monogamous. Of the babies, over 50% of them have been
:37:58. > :38:01.fathered by male badgers from other setts. That makes sense. It is not
:38:01. > :38:05.good! Look, the females largely stay within the territories. Yes.
:38:05. > :38:10.Some of the males move out. This would mean if they all just mated
:38:10. > :38:15.with the males that were in the territory very soon they would be
:38:15. > :38:23.inbreeding. By mating with a few rogue males, it increases the
:38:23. > :38:26.genetic diversity. They are doing a good thing? They are. It is a
:38:26. > :38:30.biological function. We will be keeping an eye on them. It will
:38:30. > :38:39.continue as well after the programme. Those cameras will keep
:38:39. > :38:45.running until what time? 11.00pm. You can hear them. I love that.
:38:45. > :38:51.think you two could do a whole hour on badgers. We could if we get some
:38:51. > :38:56.badgers! LAUGHTER Stop it! We have been talking during the show about
:38:56. > :39:01.migrating birds. Let's check and see how our osprey chicks are doing.
:39:01. > :39:07.We started to track them to see where they are going. Thigh are
:39:07. > :39:11.migrating from Wales to Africa, but where? Back in July, osprey expert
:39:11. > :39:15.Roy Dennis fitted each chick with its own satellite transmitter.
:39:15. > :39:25.These are clever devices that allow us to follow the chicks when they
:39:25. > :39:25.
:39:25. > :39:32.set off on their first migration to West Africa. Now, when Roy visited
:39:32. > :39:37.the Dyfi Osprey Project in Wales, all chicks were there. Five days
:39:37. > :39:43.after Roy saw the chicks at their home in Wales, the oldest chick set
:39:43. > :39:49.off on his migration. There he goes. On the morning of 31st August, he
:39:49. > :39:54.left the Dyfi estuary, flew down over the Bristol Channel and spent
:39:54. > :40:01.the night around Plymouth. On 1st September, he crossed the English
:40:01. > :40:06.Channel and made it safely to the north-west tip of France. Now, at
:40:06. > :40:12.this point he faced the hardest challenge of his journey - he has
:40:12. > :40:16.to cross the Bay of Biscay. Not really sure where he would go.
:40:16. > :40:26.Obviously, it was very very weather dependent. Roy was keeping his eye
:40:26. > :40:32.on him. He's sent us a report of how he got on. This is the Bay of
:40:32. > :40:37.Biscay. I'm on the north coast of Spain. The Bay of Biscay is the
:40:37. > :40:43.first big challenge these young ospreys have. They can run into
:40:43. > :40:49.real problems if it is bad weather over this bit of the ocean. Even in
:40:49. > :40:55.good weather, if the wind is strong and from the east, they get drifted
:40:56. > :41:02.across this bay and can miss the north-west coast of Spain. It is a
:41:02. > :41:06.hard job sometimes even to get from the United Kingdom to north Spain.
:41:06. > :41:11.So how did he cope with this potentially treacherous sea
:41:11. > :41:17.crossing? We always thought he was the brave and confident chick and
:41:17. > :41:26.he proved that. Thanks to the GPS data from his satellite transmitter,
:41:26. > :41:32.we know he went for it, making the 300 mile crossing in a single day.
:41:32. > :41:37.I have met up with my friend who lives on this part of the Spanish
:41:37. > :41:42.coast. We are looking for the spot where he spent his first night in
:41:42. > :41:46.Spain. You can see exactly where it came. He would have been very tired
:41:47. > :41:51.by this time. They would have climbed off the sea and roosted in
:41:51. > :41:57.the wood here. After a night spent in these trees, the data shows that
:41:57. > :42:02.he flew along the coast towards an estuary that my friend knows well.
:42:02. > :42:08.It is a tiny estuary. It is used by ospreys. You have seen ospreys
:42:08. > :42:12.there? Yes. Ospreys from Scotland, we have seen them. Great. There are
:42:12. > :42:17.lots of estuaries on this part of the coast and although the ospreys
:42:17. > :42:21.don't breed here, they use them twice a year on their spring and
:42:21. > :42:27.autumn migrations. There is is a very good reason why these Spanish
:42:27. > :42:33.estuaries are so fantastic for our ospreys flying south. Come over
:42:33. > :42:40.here. Looking down into the estuary. Have you seen as many fish as
:42:40. > :42:49.that?! That is a mass of mullet. These are just perfect for ospreys.
:42:49. > :42:54.These estuaries are full of birds like spoonbills. They are all
:42:54. > :42:59.looking for a good meal and a safe place to roost. But my trip to
:42:59. > :43:05.Spain is really all about one species. A little further down the
:43:05. > :43:11.coast, we saw the familiar shape of an osprey flying overhead. We are
:43:11. > :43:17.keeping off the skyline. If we creep along this - we can look over
:43:17. > :43:23.the edge and get really good views of this bird. Do you see it? Just
:43:23. > :43:28.there. Can you see? I've got it. It's got a ring on it. The ring is
:43:28. > :43:32.black with white letters. It tells me the osprey is from Germany and
:43:32. > :43:38.with a scope my friend is able to read the letters. R and S. When we
:43:38. > :43:41.give that information to the ringer in charge in Germany, who is a
:43:41. > :43:47.friend of ours, he will be able to tell where that bird was ringed. It
:43:47. > :43:52.has been ringed this summer. This is a young bird on its first autumn
:43:52. > :43:58.migration. So just like our bird, he stopped here to rest and refuel
:43:58. > :44:04.before continuing on his journey south. Unfortunately, we didn't
:44:04. > :44:11.manage to catch up with our bird itself, he had moved on. It has
:44:11. > :44:16.been fantastic to see some of the places he had stopped on this stage
:44:16. > :44:21.of his migration. How amazing is that, to spot a German osprey with
:44:21. > :44:26.a ring on! Proving that science works. The information that came
:44:26. > :44:31.back from that was that the chicks have only - well, the osprey have
:44:31. > :44:34.only just colonised Bavaria and that is the first osprey that's
:44:34. > :44:40.been seen outside Bavaria and it was a juvenile which shows that
:44:40. > :44:44.they are doing well and they are breeding. Fantastic. OK. It is very
:44:44. > :44:49.good news. We have had lots of very big and exciting animals. Let's
:44:49. > :44:53.move on to another organism which I do find particularly exciting. I
:44:53. > :44:58.have been out and about at Westonbirt looking at the fantastic
:44:58. > :45:02.spread of fungi that have sprouted. Look at that. These are the
:45:02. > :45:08.fruiting... Orange peel fungus. Beautiful things. If you are going
:45:08. > :45:14.out to look at them, many people look and they also harvest. 1% of
:45:14. > :45:20.these things are deadly. 1% are edible. The other 98% don't taste
:45:20. > :45:24.any good. If you are harvesting them, do remember that these are
:45:24. > :45:29.the fruiting bodies, they are producing spores which are seeds
:45:29. > :45:36.and if you take them all, at some stage there won't be any more fungi.
:45:36. > :45:40.Think responsibly. The other thing is, get some decent pictures!
:45:40. > :45:44.Chris! I'm saying they are a fantastic subject. You do have to
:45:44. > :45:48.get down on the ground. Take a bin bag, you can lie down. You won't
:45:48. > :45:52.get wet. Another thing I tried once - I had the fungus on the ground
:45:52. > :45:57.like this, I got a mirror and I rested it at an angle and I
:45:57. > :46:04.photographed the reflection of the fungi in the mirror. It was as if I
:46:04. > :46:10.had dug a hole in the ground and looking underneath it. Send them
:46:10. > :46:17.into Flickr. One other point. The fungi that we see are the fruiting
:46:17. > :46:21.bodies. The main fungus is underground and that can be - it
:46:22. > :46:25.can weigh tonnes and be thousands of years old, or 1,000 years old.
:46:25. > :46:30.And stretch for many kilometres underneath the woodland. They have
:46:30. > :46:35.been on Twitter. Have they? That Andy Walker says - this is
:46:35. > :46:39.interesting - are badger setts built in alignment with the
:46:39. > :46:45.prevailing wind? How do they ensure airflow? That huge one - how does
:46:45. > :46:52.the air get through? They like to build them on a slope. They like
:46:52. > :47:02.drainage. They also need them to be ventilated. They need to breathe.
:47:02. > :47:03.
:47:03. > :47:07.So they use - O-level physics - if you have a hole at one level and
:47:07. > :47:13.another at a higher level, when the wind blows across it, there is a
:47:13. > :47:18.pressure difference which ensures ventilation. Are you happy?!
:47:18. > :47:23.Brilliant. Shall we move on? I bet he wished he had never asked!
:47:23. > :47:33.for Charlie. It is time for our last visit to Charlie Hamilton-
:47:33. > :47:37.
:47:37. > :47:42.James - I got the name right! He's there by the waters of the Bacanti
:47:42. > :47:49.Spout! I have been watching the salmon leaping up this river in
:47:49. > :47:54.Scotland. And also I heard about concerns surrounding the speesee's
:47:54. > :47:58.long-term health. The average -- Species' long-term health.
:47:58. > :48:03.average size of this... There are still good numbers of salmon
:48:03. > :48:07.leaping this autumn. But how many have made it up to the spawning
:48:07. > :48:14.grounds? I think I found a potentially suitable spot to find
:48:14. > :48:22.them. What the fish are looking for are areas of shallow, fast-flowing
:48:23. > :48:26.water, like this. This is really well oxygenated water. That is
:48:26. > :48:31.vitally important. So this area of the river seems ideal. But are
:48:31. > :48:37.there any salmon lurking about? There's only one way to find out.
:48:37. > :48:42.Get in the river. I'm obsessed with getting in the water and swimming
:48:42. > :48:52.with wild animals. I have never done it with salmon so this is an
:48:52. > :48:52.
:48:52. > :48:57.exciting moment for me. Within moments, I find some fish. Small
:48:57. > :49:02.ones. They are not the salmon I'm looking for. But then lurking
:49:02. > :49:08.amongst them is this stripy character. This is my first salmon.
:49:08. > :49:16.It is a few months old. They can stay in the river for up to three
:49:16. > :49:24.years before heading out to sea to mature. Then, suddenly, out of the
:49:24. > :49:34.gloom, I spot a much, much bigger fish. It's stunning! Although not
:49:34. > :49:37.
:49:37. > :49:43.the big one I was hoping for, I'm still really chuffed. Just here is
:49:43. > :49:48.the most enormous salmon a few feet away. He is like this. I'm guessing
:49:48. > :49:52.it is a spring fish. It is hanging out. It is not in any hurry to do
:49:52. > :49:56.anything. I guess what he is doing is saving his energy. Salmon don't
:49:56. > :50:00.eat when they come into the rivers. They are relying on their fat
:50:00. > :50:08.reserves. This guy has travelled all the way up here, now it is just
:50:08. > :50:13.waiting until it is time to spawn. As I reach a deep pool further
:50:13. > :50:23.upriver, suddenly, I swim into the encounter I had been dreaming of -
:50:23. > :50:24.
:50:24. > :50:29.a large group of adult salmon. They are all quite dark and strong spots
:50:29. > :50:33.running down their flanks. These are their spawning colours. The
:50:33. > :50:42.timing of salmon spawning is crucial as the fertilised eggs need
:50:42. > :50:50.to hatch at just the right moment in spring. By the looks of them, I
:50:50. > :50:54.suspect these fish will be breeding very soon. Although there are
:50:55. > :51:00.concerns about the long-term future of salmon, seeing so many fish here
:51:00. > :51:10.would seem to tie in with the idea that in some rivers salmon numbers
:51:10. > :51:17.
:51:17. > :51:22.are doing OK. And I feel very lucky to have swum with them.
:51:22. > :51:26.Well, that really tops it off. I have had an amazing week the week.
:51:26. > :51:30.To see those fish leaping out of the water and then to swim with
:51:30. > :51:35.them, just stunning! This is an autumn spectacle that will get
:51:35. > :51:45.better and better and better over the next few weeks. As fish start
:51:45. > :51:46.
:51:46. > :51:51.travelling up rivers all over Fantastic stuff. It is an amazing
:51:51. > :51:54.sight to see them leaping up those waterfalls. Charlie said that the
:51:54. > :52:00.salmon, the record is 12 foot vertically. I think he is talking
:52:00. > :52:09.about the Orange Falls in Russia. The record in Scotland is 3.7
:52:09. > :52:13.metres. Even more - Chris, imagine that vertically, it is worth having
:52:13. > :52:17.a look at! It does depend on the size of the salmon. If you have a
:52:17. > :52:21.30 centimetre salmon, that is impress Si. If you have a salmon
:52:22. > :52:30.that is that big, it is -- impressive. If you have a salmon
:52:30. > :52:34.that is that big, it is only jumping twice its length. I would
:52:34. > :52:37.really encourage you to get out and see the spawning salmon. It is
:52:37. > :52:41.quite a spectator sport. It is really funny to see everyone
:52:41. > :52:45.standing on the side of the river cheering on the salmon as they go
:52:45. > :52:49.upstream and particularly when they are doing the jumping. If you get a
:52:49. > :52:52.chance, go and have a look. You can chance, go and have a look. You can
:52:52. > :52:55.find out the best places on the website. You can check out
:52:55. > :53:01.Charlie's salmon blog. If you are going to do that, you will want to
:53:01. > :53:02.know what the weather is going to be like this weekend. Let's go live
:53:02. > :53:07.be like this weekend. Let's go live to Matt. It's been an interesting
:53:07. > :53:11.week. We started off this Spurn with wind, it has been really mild
:53:11. > :53:16.down south today. We have had snow in Scotland. It has been a mixture.
:53:16. > :53:19.What is it going to change into next week? All part of the joy, the
:53:19. > :53:23.transition season that is autumn! We go from the warmth of the summer
:53:23. > :53:27.to the chill of the winter and along the way we get these
:53:27. > :53:30.interesting contrasts. Even tonight, we have some contrasts across the
:53:30. > :53:34.United Kingdom. Scotland, Northern Ireland, you have a lot of cloud.
:53:34. > :53:39.There will be outbreaks of rain pushing southwards and eastwards.
:53:39. > :53:43.The clearing skies for England and Wales, a real chill to take us into
:53:43. > :53:47.Saturday morning. If you are out in the countryside, you could get as
:53:47. > :53:51.low as 2 Celsius. You will be rewarding with the sunshine. Lots
:53:52. > :53:58.of it tomorrow. Clear blue skies through England and Wales. A
:53:58. > :54:02.cracking day. Scotland and Northern Ireland, not just cloudy, but most,
:54:02. > :54:06.except for eastern Scotland, will see some wet weather. That wet
:54:06. > :54:09.weather will push southwards through tomorrow night. We will
:54:09. > :54:13.start off with some sunshine in the South East. For most, much more
:54:13. > :54:17.cloud around. The odd brighter spell. A few showers here and there.
:54:17. > :54:22.For Scotland and Northern Ireland, your patience will be rewarded - a
:54:22. > :54:26.lot more sunshine. There will be a strengthening breeze.
:54:26. > :54:31.Sounds like a good weekend for looking at wildlife. You know what
:54:31. > :54:37.I'm going to ask, it is the old birders' question, what about the
:54:37. > :54:40.winds? What will they be doing during the weekend? That's right.
:54:41. > :54:45.Across last week we saw westerly winds pushing in. That really
:54:45. > :54:48.lifted the temperature. The difference this weekend - we have
:54:48. > :54:52.the winds coming in from the south- east. If you cast your mind back a
:54:52. > :54:56.couple of weeks ago, that brought temperatures close to 30 degrees.
:54:56. > :55:01.The difference this time, instead of the winds coming from southern
:55:01. > :55:05.Europe, they have come a different direction. They have been tracking
:55:05. > :55:09.from Scandinavia, through Poland, Germany and into our shores. That
:55:09. > :55:19.has brought the fresher conditions. It will bring the chill to the air
:55:19. > :55:20.
:55:20. > :55:21.first thing in the morning. I am sure it has brought a few other
:55:21. > :55:28.changes. Thank you very much. See you again next week. Here we are
:55:28. > :55:35.with the infamous magnetic map. We had those westerly winds. We have
:55:35. > :55:38.had huge numbers of pink-footed geese. They will be moving down the
:55:38. > :55:43.coast throughout the course of the winter. Some of them have already
:55:43. > :55:49.got down as low as this. The hooper swans were in already. As Matt said,
:55:49. > :55:57.the winds have switched around from the westerlies to the south-
:55:57. > :56:04.easterlys. They have had some good birds. At Spurn, they had a yellow-
:56:04. > :56:08.browed warbler. We will see many more bramblings. Now they have
:56:08. > :56:12.backed off, these south-easterly winds will mean the brambles and
:56:13. > :56:18.the fieldfares and the redwings will be sweeping across here. I'm
:56:18. > :56:23.going to see on Saturday we might have a little bit of a migration
:56:23. > :56:29.spectacle. I'm going to predict big numbers of finches will sweep
:56:29. > :56:35.across the magnetic board. Some of the best birds in Europe, the
:56:35. > :56:42.woodcock might move from this part of Europe carried around by these
:56:42. > :56:49.winds. Keep your eyes peeled on Saturday for the woodcock - that
:56:49. > :56:54.was brave! That ended up in Holland! It's fallen again. The
:56:54. > :57:03.redwings should be arriving on mass this weekend which brings us nicely
:57:03. > :57:13.to our quiz. We asked you what this sound was. BIRDSONG We had a lot of
:57:13. > :57:16.
:57:16. > :57:21.correct answers. They all said it was a... Redwing. A beautiful sound.
:57:21. > :57:26.Exactly. Lovely. They call at night. If it is quiet at night, and you go
:57:26. > :57:30.out into the garden, even if they are flying quite high, you can hear
:57:30. > :57:39.that call. Over the next few weeks, that is something to listen out for.
:57:39. > :57:45.Time for a quick question? Go on. How do you tell the difference
:57:45. > :57:49.between a male and a female badger? Quick. Females are sleek. Males are
:57:49. > :57:54.much fatter and a clear stockier animal. That's all we have got time
:57:54. > :58:00.for. We have to move on. Where will we be next week? I'm heading to
:58:00. > :58:05.Exmoor. It is a place that is underestimated for its wildlife. We
:58:05. > :58:08.will prove otherwise. Our guest presenter Johnny Kingdom will be
:58:08. > :58:14.giving us his unique view on wildlife. There will be a lot more
:58:14. > :58:18.from Boris, Fancy Claws and Scarface! So, until then, do stay
:58:18. > :58:22.with us. Check out the badgers. with us. Check out the badgers.
:58:22. > :58:28.They will be live on our website. If you get any great photographs,