:00:14. > :00:17.It's a beautiful spring evening here at the RSPB's reserve in
:00:17. > :00:22.central Wales. Tonight we have more wonderful wildlife treats for you.
:00:22. > :00:27.Let's go straight to the live osprey nest and see have those eggs
:00:27. > :00:35.actually hatched out? We will be catching up with our fabulous foxes.
:00:35. > :00:41.How can one family have 11 adorable cubs? It really is exceptional.
:00:41. > :00:51.the nuthatch nest is that tiny runt still there? Has he survived?
:00:51. > :01:07.
:01:07. > :01:12.Yes, good evening. You have made the right decision because you have
:01:12. > :01:16.joined us for programme two of Springwatch 2012. We have another
:01:16. > :01:18.sue pressure evening -- superb evening. We are lucky, so far. Our
:01:18. > :01:23.remit throughout the three weeks here is to bring you the very best
:01:23. > :01:27.of British wildlife. Let's not hold back. Let's go live to one of the
:01:27. > :01:36.most exciting birds in Britain - our ospreys.
:01:36. > :01:42.This is our female. She's about a kilometre away and she's sat on top
:01:42. > :01:45.of an artificial nest put up exception for these -- specially
:01:45. > :01:50.for these birds. Take a look at this. We have been watching these
:01:50. > :01:53.birds for a period of time. Only yesterday they were both in
:01:53. > :01:57.attendance at the nest paying particular attention as to what was
:01:57. > :02:01.going on and the eggs were hatching. You can see a small hole there. The
:02:01. > :02:04.egg is what we call pipping. We were watching this last night. It's
:02:04. > :02:08.fingers crossed that later in the programme we can show you pictures
:02:09. > :02:15.of not eggs, but young ospreys. It's an exciting start to the
:02:15. > :02:19.series. In fact, we have a dramatic start as well. Yesterday a bit of a
:02:19. > :02:23.drama unfolding area. We have nuthatches for the first time on
:02:23. > :02:28.Springwatch, live in the nest boxes. We think it's a single parent, we
:02:28. > :02:33.know that they've got six chicks and one of them, unfortunately, is
:02:33. > :02:38.the weaker one, the runt. There was a lot of concern as to whether he
:02:38. > :02:48.would survive the programme, to programme two. Did he survive?
:02:48. > :02:53.
:02:53. > :02:59.Six chicks! So you will be pleased to know that yes, he is still with
:02:59. > :03:03.You can see him there, in the top left-hand side of the picture, I
:03:03. > :03:07.think. Because his mouth is much more yellow, he looks younger.
:03:07. > :03:11.have decided our audience loves a drama, because it did get everyone
:03:11. > :03:16.talking on Facebook, Twitter and the blog. We have lots of comments.
:03:16. > :03:20.On Twitter, Karen said just saw the nuthatch runt race to the hole and
:03:20. > :03:26.take food from the parent before it had a chance to get inside. We have
:03:26. > :03:30.seen that happening a lot. She says at the end go little one! On the
:03:30. > :03:36.blog we had: This is nature at work, survival rates for young animals
:03:36. > :03:40.can below. However, there are always exceptions. It pays to be
:03:40. > :03:46.realistically optimistic. I think that's what I am, Martin. I am, too.
:03:46. > :03:50.Chris, what are you? I am pragmatic. I really, really like nuts, so my
:03:50. > :03:53.tpeupbg - like nuthatches, so my fingers are crossed. He could be
:03:53. > :03:58.lucky because he doesn't get food all the time but every so often he
:03:58. > :04:03.really goes for it and he gets a little morsel. Look at this. In
:04:03. > :04:12.comes mum with some food. She goes in the nest this time, not hanging
:04:12. > :04:15.around the entrance. Runty doesn't get anything. It goes to one of the
:04:15. > :04:21.other chicks. Out she goes again. Let's see what happens next. In
:04:21. > :04:26.again. Oh, please feed me! He is so desperate. Yes, mum gives him a
:04:26. > :04:30.little bite to eat. So, it's looking hopeful. Who knows? It is a
:04:30. > :04:34.bit touch and go for Runty. What do you think, Chris? Whilst it's warm
:04:35. > :04:38.that means there is a lot of insect activity, either the single parent
:04:38. > :04:43.or perhaps the two are finding plenty of insects, he is still in
:04:43. > :04:48.with a chance. We have to pray for the sun to keep smiling, not just
:04:48. > :04:52.for him, but for us, too! Also, don't forget all this week we are
:04:52. > :04:55.exploring the miniature world, the world beneath our feet. The tiny
:04:55. > :04:58.creature that is normally we can never see and we will be bringing
:04:58. > :05:03.you the first results of that filming later in the show.
:05:03. > :05:08.brings us nicely to our first quiz. Take a look at this shot.
:05:08. > :05:12.This is something that was filmed in closeup here on the reserve at
:05:12. > :05:22.Ynys Hir. What is it? That's what we want to know from you. Send in
:05:22. > :05:27.your answers to the blog on the Now, foxes. They have to be one of
:05:27. > :05:37.our most exquisite, most beautiful animals. Last night we met some,
:05:37. > :05:38.
:05:38. > :05:43.normally we see maybe three or four, but this family, in Potters Bar,
:05:43. > :05:46.they have 11 fox cubs in their back garden. What's that all about?
:05:47. > :05:51.Goodness me. If that was in my back garden I would still be there now.
:05:51. > :05:55.I am not prone to saying things acute but I can't argue with that.
:05:55. > :05:59.That is absolutely fantastic. Beautiful. Our cameramen have been
:05:59. > :06:03.down there in Potters Bar working extraordinarily hard to find out
:06:03. > :06:09.exactly what's going on. Why are there so many cubs in a single
:06:09. > :06:13.litter? Here is an update on what they've been seeing.
:06:13. > :06:23.When our cameraman returned to the garden, some of the cubs were out
:06:23. > :06:27.enjoying the sunshine. And looking so healthy.
:06:27. > :06:34.Up to now, they've spent much of their time in the security of the
:06:34. > :06:39.den. Out in the open, the cubs look so
:06:39. > :06:49.small and vulnerable. Yet, at this age they spend several hours on
:06:49. > :07:05.
:07:05. > :07:11.their own while the vixen is out At six weeks old, the cubs become
:07:11. > :07:15.more adventurous and spend more time away from the den.
:07:15. > :07:20.For much of the time foxes are solitary animals, but at this age
:07:20. > :07:24.they seem to tolerate and even appear to revel in each other's
:07:24. > :07:30.company. The cubs start to establish a
:07:30. > :07:37.hierarchy with their siblings. This behaviour may look like play,
:07:37. > :07:42.but really it's about learning how to hunt or who is in charge. The
:07:42. > :07:48.cubs don't have an instant pecking order, it evolves over time. One
:07:48. > :07:51.cub may appear to be more boy terous or stronger -- boisterous or
:07:51. > :07:57.stronger, but the constant pouncing, body slams and posturing is all
:07:57. > :08:01.about showing their strength and agility. This activity is all about
:08:01. > :08:05.developing a central -- essential skills for the future.
:08:05. > :08:10.In this exceptionally large family, tolerance for siblings will
:08:11. > :08:16.probably wear thin pretty quickly. In normal litter sizes cubs usually
:08:16. > :08:26.leave the family unit for good at around five months old. With this
:08:26. > :08:30.
:08:30. > :08:36.much competition for food, we may As the cubs get older, the vixen is
:08:36. > :08:41.going to stop feeding them and they'll have to fend for themselves.
:08:41. > :08:46.For now, though, both the cubs and the vixen still seem in remarkably
:08:46. > :08:50.good condition. So much so, that our Springwatch cameraman isn't
:08:50. > :09:00.convinced that this vixen is feeding all of these cubs on her
:09:00. > :09:09.
:09:09. > :09:14.PROBLEM WITH SOUND time now for our live cameras. We
:09:14. > :09:16.have got miles of cable out here to even more cameras than we had
:09:16. > :09:20.yesterday. We thought we would show you exactly where they are. Here is
:09:21. > :09:24.a map of the area, including the main body of the Ynys Hir reserve
:09:24. > :09:29.down here. So, we have seen a few kites over the woods here. We have
:09:29. > :09:34.seen our swans on this lake, which is immediately in front of our
:09:34. > :09:39.studio here. Just to the north of that we have our mammal stunt with
:09:39. > :09:45.a woodmouse and in the garden we saw our grass snake. Barn owls tphr
:09:45. > :09:48.the wood here. And the bats, which we are yet to show you, down in a
:09:48. > :09:56.building at the base of the reserve. What a wonderful map that is. I am
:09:56. > :10:00.really pleased with this. I like a map and magnetic bursts. Call me
:10:00. > :10:04.ssmall-minded and childish, I don't care. Easily pleased. Let's place
:10:04. > :10:09.others on the map. Let's go for blue tits. Let's go live to them.
:10:09. > :10:15.Gosh, they're active. Look at those. Doing really well, though.
:10:15. > :10:19.Beautiful images. Chris, please, where are our blue tits? They're
:10:19. > :10:22.about down there. So, they are to the west of us over here in a
:10:22. > :10:27.separate block of woodland. Around there.
:10:27. > :10:30.Martin, let's look at our chaffinch nest which we briefly introduced
:10:30. > :10:35.yesterday. It's recently had a camera on it. It's a natural nest
:10:35. > :10:39.in the trees. They're absolutely tiny, the chicks. They're five days
:10:39. > :10:43.old. There are five of them. Snuggled down. Hopefully we will
:10:43. > :10:48.see them fledge, if they survive, of course. Where are they, Chris?
:10:48. > :10:53.was wondering if you would ask. Our chaffinches are on the edge of the
:10:53. > :10:59.wood in a nest, close to the blue tits. Are you sure they're exactly
:10:59. > :11:04.there? That's better. Vaguely to scale. Can't go further without the
:11:05. > :11:11.nuthatches. Can we have a look at them? Here they are. Runty is still
:11:11. > :11:18.there. Hanging in. Looks uncomfortable that nest. Chris,
:11:18. > :11:22.where are the nuthatches? I am beginning to feel like one of those
:11:22. > :11:25.hostesses. They're down in the same block of woodland. Some distance
:11:25. > :11:29.from here, don't underestimate the technology that's involved, but
:11:29. > :11:34.they're quite close to the other nests and near the barn owls, too.
:11:34. > :11:38.Now, this nuthatch nest is very unusual that we have nuthatches in
:11:38. > :11:41.an artificial nest box like this. It hasn't happened here for 11
:11:41. > :11:45.years, it's the first time it's happened for 11 years. Let's look
:11:45. > :11:49.inside that box. Here is the artificial nest box
:11:49. > :11:54.with the adult going in. Much unusual that they'll use a box.
:11:54. > :11:58.Usually, they'll use a natural hole in a tree, like this.
:11:58. > :12:04.The curious thing about this is that that hole might have been
:12:04. > :12:08.bigger originally, but what she's done, they packed mud around it to
:12:08. > :12:12.make it just about nuthatch body size. That's right. It's the female
:12:12. > :12:16.that does it. The male will advertise the nest hole when he has
:12:16. > :12:19.found it. She will look and think I can do something and it's her that
:12:19. > :12:23.muds it up. Sometimes it can take two or three weeks to achieve this.
:12:23. > :12:32.The purpose is to exclude other birds that might want to nest in
:12:32. > :12:37.the hole. Something like blue tits or great tits but also starlling --
:12:37. > :12:46.Starlings. She makes it so she can squeeze in and out and the diameter
:12:46. > :12:50.of that is 2.8 centimetres. The European nuthatch is 2.8. What
:12:50. > :12:54.about if it's had a big meal? collect the tphud needs to be --
:12:54. > :12:57.mud t needs to be wet. So the nest- building depends on rain. If it's
:12:57. > :13:01.particularly dry they can't build their nest. An interesting story to
:13:01. > :13:04.finish the muddy bit with, and that's that on one occasion they
:13:04. > :13:08.wanted to nest in a hole where there was already an owl's nest.
:13:08. > :13:12.The nuthatches were so tenacious, they mudded up the hole to the
:13:12. > :13:21.extent the owls young couldn't get out and they all starved. Is that
:13:21. > :13:28.for real? It's for real. I read that I think, in a tomb of
:13:28. > :13:32.distinction. That's a terrible story! This mud habit, these habits
:13:32. > :13:36.die hard with the nuthatches. Look at this. The mum comes in and look
:13:36. > :13:40.she's got a beak full of mud and she's not going to feed that to the
:13:40. > :13:44.chicks. What does she do? Looking around, she starts to do a bit of
:13:44. > :13:48.DIY, home maintenance. She's stuffing that in the cracks.
:13:48. > :13:51.what was unusual about that artificial nest is typically when
:13:51. > :13:55.nuthatches do use them, they will mud around the hole, even if the
:13:55. > :13:58.diameter is exactly right, and they will mud up all of the cracks and
:13:58. > :14:02.sometimes even go behind the nest and glue it to the tree. The fact
:14:02. > :14:06.there was no mud was a bit weird. Chris, how comfortable is that
:14:06. > :14:09.nest? This is what it's made out of it and that doesn't look
:14:09. > :14:12.comfortable to me. Well, that's a large flake. They choose nice
:14:12. > :14:17.little flakes. These are Scots pine and what's interesting is they will
:14:17. > :14:20.go some distance to a pine tree to get those flakes to put inside.
:14:20. > :14:24.have something interesting to show you. When our nest watchers were
:14:24. > :14:27.watching this nest they saw this behaviour. I think it's pretty
:14:27. > :14:31.unusual. Because, the mum's come in and
:14:31. > :14:36.tried to feed. The one in the front has a little bit of this nest flake
:14:36. > :14:40.in its mouth. I can't decide whether it's stuck
:14:40. > :14:47.there or whether it's picking it up... It looks like it's using it
:14:47. > :14:51.like a tool to scratch its feathers. Utter nonsense, I am afraid! I
:14:51. > :14:54.think that it's displacement behaviour. That's that it's so
:14:54. > :14:57.excited that when the mother comes in, it's picked it up and
:14:57. > :15:01.eventually, as you can see, it discards it. What's interesting is
:15:01. > :15:08.then you can see that it's completely covered in saliva. One
:15:08. > :15:12.of the characteristics of nuthatch young is they produce an excess of
:15:12. > :15:16.saliva. The reason they do this - it's nice, is the fact that the
:15:16. > :15:24.adults are catching lots of insects, some of which are dry and this
:15:24. > :15:27.helps them swallow it. Lovely. Absolutely lovely. Yesterday, you
:15:27. > :15:30.were saying single family, that's what they think. I think there
:15:30. > :15:40.might be a male outside not visiting the nest and the female is
:15:40. > :15:46.
:15:46. > :15:48.getting food. We sent our cameramen She was joined by her mother
:15:48. > :15:53.nuthatch and not behaving aggressively towards it, suggesting
:15:53. > :15:57.it was a male because they are very territorial birds. The female at
:15:57. > :16:02.the bottom sees the other bird, look at the posture, lookout the
:16:03. > :16:06.demonstrative posture of the not hajj. After a couple of seconds she
:16:06. > :16:11.chases this away. When they fights they fight members of their same-
:16:11. > :16:15.sex so this could be an intriguing female she's chasing away. Despite
:16:15. > :16:19.their best efforts they have not yet seen her collecting food from
:16:19. > :16:27.the Mail and take your bags the nest so my theory remains nothing
:16:27. > :16:31.more than that. An ongoing mystery. From an nuthatch spit to the lovely
:16:31. > :16:35.yellow Williams, part of the Springwatch team who will be with
:16:35. > :16:38.us all series bringing us interesting British wild life.
:16:38. > :16:43.Yesterday he was with us live looking at our family of foxes but
:16:43. > :16:52.earlier this spring we spent 10 -- sent him out to see why spring is
:16:52. > :16:57.romantic for some underwater creatures. Ever since I was a kid I
:16:57. > :17:02.have been in awe of this fish. It is one of the biggest freshwater
:17:02. > :17:06.predator as in Britain. But has a fearsome reputation and ferocious
:17:06. > :17:10.looks, a true monster of the deed. It is a cold, wet miserable day but
:17:10. > :17:18.I have come to the best place in the country at the best time of
:17:18. > :17:23.year Fourie close encounter of a very different kind. I am hoping to
:17:23. > :17:28.witness the spectacular, rarely seen behaviour but my task is
:17:28. > :17:33.daunting. This might look like any other lake but the fish lurk here
:17:33. > :17:39.in their hundreds and locals tell tales of them terrorising not just
:17:39. > :17:48.smaller fish but birds, too, dragging ducklings and coots down
:17:48. > :17:55.to a watery grave. The make is actually a flooded quarry in
:17:55. > :18:00.Leicestershire, famous for its large population of this fish. They
:18:00. > :18:06.are top predators and also very territorial, except when the water
:18:06. > :18:11.temperature in early spring hit a critical 829 degrees centigrade,
:18:11. > :18:21.then their behaviour changes and that behaviour change gives me the
:18:21. > :18:29.
:18:30. > :18:39.Underwater it is a different world, the lousy weather is quickly
:18:40. > :18:43.
:18:43. > :18:50.forgotten. I headed to the quarry bed, littered with Rex. -- wrecks.
:18:50. > :18:53.This is the area where the pike is supposed to be, 6, or seven metres
:18:54. > :19:00.down. Not long before I come face to face with the creature I am
:19:00. > :19:10.looking for. A fish that some call the freshwater a barracuda. Look at
:19:10. > :19:15.
:19:15. > :19:22.this. A lone male Pyke. Guarding his territory. He shoots out, grabs
:19:22. > :19:26.the prey, that is why it is such an impressive predator. But in
:19:26. > :19:32.springtime then normal hunting and territorial behaviour breaks down,
:19:32. > :19:36.that is what I really want to see. It is not food or fighting they are
:19:36. > :19:41.thinking about, it is sex, that is all that is on their mind. That is
:19:41. > :19:48.a pretty big fish but if you think that is big, wait until we see some
:19:48. > :19:57.females! These males are heading in the same direction, zoning in on a
:19:57. > :20:05.female for the spring phenomenon I am so keen to witness. Look at
:20:05. > :20:09.that! I can barely see the larger dark a female at the bottom of the
:20:09. > :20:16.pile of the go males. Eventually she would choose the strongest male
:20:16. > :20:22.to fertilise her eggs. I never thought I would see that many of
:20:22. > :20:25.them together! This is remarkable behaviour, the only time you will
:20:25. > :20:33.see a group of them come together like this. It shows they have
:20:33. > :20:39.another side to them, a more loving side. By nosing her swollen sides
:20:39. > :20:45.the amorous males encourage the massive female to spawn. Eventually
:20:45. > :20:51.she will lay anything between at 25 and 50,000 eggs. There she goes,
:20:51. > :20:59.closely pursued by the males once again. By breeding sow early the
:20:59. > :21:09.Pyke give their young a head start. The babies will be ready for them
:21:09. > :21:10.
:21:10. > :21:14.when other species spawn in a few Incredible. I have always wanted to
:21:14. > :21:24.see them under water but I never thought in my wildest dreams I
:21:24. > :21:34.
:21:34. > :21:41.Astonishing. I never thought I would see behaviour like that. They
:21:41. > :21:50.just lurk, don't they? Incredible. I am involved in a blood stoning
:21:50. > :21:56.Marathon on behalf of these images. -- images. It is all part of the
:21:56. > :22:02.economy. We are here in a beautiful glade, only part of Ynys Hir, we
:22:02. > :22:06.are quite close to the sea. This is the view from Heron point and you
:22:06. > :22:11.can see the ships on the horizon, the tide is out but if you pull
:22:11. > :22:16.back towards the reserve, there is saltmarsh and all the way back here
:22:16. > :22:22.you can see this fabulous landscape brings us up to the woodland where
:22:22. > :22:25.Martin and I are at the moment. Because we are so close to the sea
:22:25. > :22:35.it allows us to talk about some see life, and this is another
:22:35. > :22:37.
:22:37. > :22:42.Springwatch first, just a couple of That is a sea lamprey. It is hard
:22:42. > :22:49.to get an idea of the scale but that is about a metre long.
:22:50. > :22:55.The it has been on a fantastic voyage from a least 200 miles out
:22:55. > :23:02.to sea and is on its way back into fresh water. An amazing fish with
:23:02. > :23:08.cartilages set of bones, no scales, just skin. It really is a treat.
:23:08. > :23:17.you know how it got its name? It is from the Latin to lick. And Petra,
:23:17. > :23:21.Stone. They progress by hanging on to stones. Remarkable. We were
:23:21. > :23:25.lucky our cameraman came across one. You can appreciate how
:23:25. > :23:35.extraordinary the anatomy is. It does not really have conventional
:23:35. > :23:38.
:23:38. > :23:44.goals, it has seven holes that the uses to breathe through. -- gills.
:23:44. > :23:47.On top of the head you can see a pale spot, a pie Neil gland, it is
:23:48. > :23:53.light sensitive because we think that lampreys can change their
:23:53. > :24:00.colour certain times of their life. We also have a nostril because
:24:00. > :24:05.these things can smell the odour of past lampreys and they will
:24:05. > :24:12.navigate their way up the stream because they can spell that larval
:24:12. > :24:20.what lampreys have been there in the past. A very sensitive organ.
:24:20. > :24:27.They are parasitic and will paras the ties are there creatures. The
:24:27. > :24:35.critical that they have is their mouth. Look at that. Fearsome.
:24:35. > :24:42.About 1000 teeth there. They are made out of keratin, and that
:24:42. > :24:48.sucker attaches itself to the host and a scraper where the flesh, suck
:24:48. > :24:51.their blood and eat the flesh. is successful because they are very
:24:51. > :24:54.primitive and have been unchanged for literally millions of years
:24:54. > :24:58.which means they have got it right and are still doing it right. But
:24:58. > :25:06.not quite so well in the UK. It was a tradition that the people of
:25:06. > :25:13.Gloucester would give the Queen a lamprey pass it on the Jubilee --
:25:13. > :25:17.pie. Except they did not come from the UK, they had to be imported
:25:17. > :25:26.from Canada because there is not enough left here. The Queen is
:25:26. > :25:36.lucky. She is. Shall we look at some chaffinch has? Let's go to the
:25:36. > :25:40.
:25:40. > :25:45.chaffinch next. -- nest. Possibly our most common bird, the chaffinch
:25:45. > :25:51.is -- chaffinch. We have over 7 million pairs in the country. That
:25:51. > :25:57.nest is made of moss and cobwebs. How do they do it? Brilliantly
:25:57. > :26:07.camouflaged. Let's see what they have been up to. This is a fabulous
:26:07. > :26:11.
:26:11. > :26:18.This is the female and male together, more caterpillars. Not to
:26:18. > :26:23.be -- not good to be caterpillar around here! Look at the size of
:26:23. > :26:33.that caterpillar and that ambitious little chick. It is like us trying
:26:33. > :26:37.to swallow a baguette! Did you notice that? Familiar behaviour. In
:26:37. > :26:41.a nest of a bird like this where the young stay for a long time,
:26:42. > :26:47.they keep it clean and that female was removing what we call the
:26:47. > :26:54.faecal sac. They produce the faecal sac, covered in a membrane, they
:26:54. > :27:01.take them and fly off with them. Only occasionally they do this.
:27:01. > :27:05.she eating it? Is that normal? is. We see it in quite a few birds
:27:05. > :27:09.and typically more in the females than males. With the one of the
:27:09. > :27:13.reasons might be that they are slightly lacking in nutrients
:27:13. > :27:17.because they have had to go through the process of reading, producing
:27:17. > :27:27.the eggs, sitting on them, so they are short of nutrients and choose
:27:27. > :27:37.to eat the Speaker will sacks. They choose which one to eat. -- faecal
:27:37. > :27:39.
:27:39. > :27:47.Sometimes they take them out, dumb them and other species of birds eat
:27:47. > :27:50.them. Fascinating. We love to hear from you and every now and then we
:27:50. > :27:57.hear from you about something that really makes us prick up our ears.
:27:57. > :28:02.We started to hear about an animal that seemed to be being seen here
:28:02. > :28:12.in Wales that, by all accounts, had been extinct for many years. What
:28:12. > :28:14.
:28:14. > :28:17.The pine Marten, one of our most beautiful native creatures. Quite
:28:17. > :28:23.big, they are carnivores, spend a lot of time up trees and to be
:28:23. > :28:27.honest I have never seen one. Pine martens are secretive, stealthy
:28:27. > :28:31.predators. In the 18th and 19th century they were trapped and
:28:31. > :28:37.poisoned because it was believed they killed game birds. Many more
:28:37. > :28:42.were hunted for their beautiful fur. Here in Wales in 1994 the pine
:28:42. > :28:45.marten was declared functionally extinct. And yet since that time
:28:45. > :28:48.there has been a series of tantalising reports, people have
:28:48. > :28:58.seen something strange, something they could not explain but
:28:58. > :29:02.
:29:02. > :29:09.something that looked a little bit This woman runs a tepee campsite in
:29:09. > :29:14.mid-Wales and has heard -- had a mysterious guest. So this mystery
:29:14. > :29:24.starts with you? It does. You got in contact with us and said you had
:29:24. > :29:24.
:29:24. > :29:29.That's right. I saw something come down mystery, along here and
:29:29. > :29:38.disappear up one of these trees. It is a clear view. What did it look
:29:38. > :29:42.like? Brown would quite cute years, a wide chest. -- with the quite
:29:42. > :29:47.cute beers. Quite cat-like. The it is what they say in the books. Did
:29:47. > :29:52.you know what it was straightaway? I did not have a clue. I thought it
:29:52. > :29:57.might have been an otter. It does not a mink, or a stoat. It or
:29:57. > :30:07.something. So was it possible they are still here, hidden away in
:30:07. > :30:08.
:30:08. > :30:12.Since I had that meeting there have been many more reports of sightings
:30:12. > :30:16.of pine martens in Wales so we started to look into it and it
:30:16. > :30:26.turned out the Vincent Wildlife Trust were already investigating.
:30:26. > :30:28.
:30:28. > :30:33.So we joined forces with them. Now Here is a slightly moth-eaten one!
:30:33. > :30:39.They're a big animal. A big bushy tail T would be possible to confuse
:30:39. > :30:43.them with a pole cat, a ferret, a stoat. Animals in the same group.
:30:43. > :30:51.To be honest, I have looked into trees and often thought a squirrel
:30:51. > :30:55.might be one, as well. Stick with him for the moment, but I am
:30:55. > :31:05.beginning to wonder! If you can help us, if you think you have seen
:31:05. > :31:06.
:31:06. > :31:09.one of these in in Wales we would Please help us solve this mystery.
:31:09. > :31:17.Martin, lots of people have just been on the website now trying to
:31:17. > :31:25.guess our quiz. They've been on the blog. We have had James: Is it a
:31:25. > :31:29.venus flytrap? Is it a sea urchin. Others think it's a caterpillar.
:31:29. > :31:32.You are all wrong! Look at the picture. This is a different angle
:31:32. > :31:36.of it. I am going to give you a clue.
:31:36. > :31:41.Although we filmed here in the reserve in Ynys Hir, it's something
:31:41. > :31:45.that you can see almost anywhere across the UK.
:31:45. > :31:49.What do you think it is? Very nice. Hopefully someone will get it right.
:31:49. > :31:53.Now, I love those shots, like that one, closeup shots. Don't forget
:31:53. > :31:56.later in the programme we will be seeing what Alistair McEwan has
:31:56. > :32:03.managed to film here in the last 24 hours on the reserve.
:32:03. > :32:09.Yes, stay with us, we also have an amazing film about whiskers. We
:32:09. > :32:13.have all seen them, we take these organs for granted. I meet a woman
:32:13. > :32:17.who has found out remarkable things. Two eggs have hatched. What about
:32:17. > :32:20.the third? We will be keeping an eye on our osprey live. Let me tell
:32:20. > :32:24.you, anything could happen before the end of the show.
:32:24. > :32:28.If you were watching yesterday you will know that we tasked Charlie,
:32:28. > :32:32.one of our cameramen, with the going out and filming habits and
:32:32. > :32:36.getting under the skin, into the real drama and life of one of our
:32:36. > :32:40.most charismatic animals - the kingfisher. He started looking at
:32:40. > :32:44.their early behaviour in the spring. He saw the male offering a fish to
:32:44. > :32:54.the female, saying be my wife T worked. They formed a pair. But
:32:54. > :32:59.
:32:59. > :33:06.After the long winter, I was delighted to watch the kingfisher
:33:06. > :33:13.pair come together again and renew their bond. It was heart-warming to
:33:13. > :33:20.see the young inexperienced male proving his worth to the older,
:33:20. > :33:25.wiser female. Courting her with a series of gifts, engagement fish.
:33:25. > :33:35.But now she would take centrestage as the pair look to nest and start
:33:35. > :33:37.
:33:37. > :33:42.Kingfishers nest in burrows, normally in sheer mud banks. They
:33:42. > :33:47.dig a short tunnel leading to a nest chamber.
:33:47. > :33:54.Our pair were already using an area around a nest I know the female had
:33:54. > :33:58.used in the past. So I was relieved to see them start to come and go.
:33:58. > :34:03.A couple of weeks earlier we had installed cameras in the nest. It
:34:03. > :34:10.would give us a unique view of this family and the chicks I was hoping
:34:10. > :34:16.they would raise. It's a good location, nicely
:34:16. > :34:26.concealed. But I worried predators might get in and there's always the
:34:26. > :34:33.danger of the bank being washed It's wonderful to watch them
:34:33. > :34:38.exploring their new home together. The cameras film in infrared with
:34:38. > :34:48.lights invisible to the kingfishers. To the pair, the chamber is pitch
:34:48. > :34:53.
:34:53. > :34:58.black, just as it always is. To Everything seems set. But for the
:34:58. > :35:04.pair this is just the start of the process. Things could still go
:35:04. > :35:13.wrong for them. It isn't even guaranteed that they will lay in
:35:13. > :35:23.this burrow. But each time they return my hopes
:35:23. > :35:32.
:35:32. > :35:36.As the pair start to settle, they do something I have never seen
:35:36. > :35:42.before. Kingfishers cough up pellets just like owls and other
:35:42. > :35:47.birds of prey. I knew they did this, but it seems that our pair had
:35:47. > :35:53.deliberately breaking down the pellets in the nest. It seems
:35:53. > :35:56.really unhygienic, half-digested fish bones around the nest but
:35:56. > :36:00.kingfishers don't bring any lining material into the nest like other
:36:00. > :36:06.birds. Perhaps these broken down fish bones act as insulation, soft
:36:06. > :36:16.bedding for the eggs. They're purposely using the pellets to line
:36:16. > :36:24.
:36:24. > :36:31.the bare nest. It makes perfect The females spend longer periods in
:36:31. > :36:39.the nest. The days pass, and nothing happens.
:36:39. > :36:45.Outside, the male waits. Eventually, the female starts
:36:45. > :36:51.behaving strangely. Breathing very deeply, her whole body tensing.
:36:51. > :37:00.It's a contraction. She's laying. It even looks like she's got
:37:00. > :37:06.It's the first time a kingfisher has ever been filmed laying an egg
:37:06. > :37:15.in the wild. Just two centimetres long, barely the size of a jelly
:37:15. > :37:20.bean, they're perfectly white. Like most birds, kingfishers will wait
:37:20. > :37:25.until all the eggs are laid before they start incubating.
:37:25. > :37:30.Over a week, one egg becomes seven and she's ready to incubate.
:37:30. > :37:35.Fluffing up all her feathers to warm the eggs.
:37:35. > :37:39.The pair now sit tight for three weeks as the eggs slowly develop.
:37:39. > :37:44.It's nearly the end of March, perhaps a little earlier than
:37:44. > :37:50.normal, but so far, it's been a warm, sun-baked spring. So it's no
:37:50. > :37:58.wonder they laid early. It won't be long until the chicks
:37:59. > :38:02.hatch, naked, vulnerable, and totally dependent on their parents.
:38:02. > :38:09.What an exquisite film. A stunning bird and to get that behaviour,
:38:09. > :38:13.it's never been filmed before. A wild kingfisher laying eggs. I bet
:38:13. > :38:16.it's the romantic side of that film you loved best. I am not a big fan
:38:16. > :38:22.of kingfishers, they're brightly coloured, a little too much for me.
:38:22. > :38:27.But for many people they are the prettiest stars, but Charlie's
:38:27. > :38:32.camerawork is fantastic. What about the pellets? That was interesting.
:38:32. > :38:37.I have a kingfisher pellet here. It's tiny! It's relatively tiny. In
:38:37. > :38:41.fact, today we got closeup pictures of this. You can see all of the
:38:41. > :38:46.fish bones there stuck together with that saliva. That's incredible
:38:46. > :38:50.to see that closely. It wasn't just fish bones, here is the head of a
:38:50. > :38:55.water boatman that was in it, too. All of the animals that it's eaten
:38:55. > :39:01.are in there. Are you familiar with them lining their nest with these?
:39:01. > :39:04.Well, not as much as Charlie. I knew they did it. His theory was it
:39:04. > :39:09.was to provide insulation for the eggs. I have a different theory and
:39:10. > :39:15.that's that they have a sloping hole so that when the young are
:39:15. > :39:19.producing lots of exkreplt it dribbles down. When they leave the
:39:19. > :39:22.hole, sometimes they dislodge them and the eggs roll out into the
:39:22. > :39:27.water. I think this bed of pellets is there to stop the eggs from
:39:27. > :39:31.rolling out. Is it unhygienic? dry out. You can imagine when all
:39:32. > :39:35.of these things dry, I think think possibly not. They are welded into
:39:35. > :39:38.a mat. Incredibly fragile mat. There is an old story which says
:39:38. > :39:43.that if anyone could take a kingfisher's nest to the King he or
:39:43. > :39:47.she would receive a bag of gold as a reward. And that furthered itself
:39:47. > :39:52.and there was a rumour that said the people at the Natural History
:39:52. > :39:55.Museum in London said if anyone could take an intact kingfishers's
:39:55. > :39:59.nest they would get �100 reward. Whether it was true or claimed we
:40:00. > :40:04.don't know. Don't go trying to get a kingfishers nest and taking it to
:40:04. > :40:09.the King, Queen or the museum, not a good idea. They'll not give you
:40:09. > :40:13.money these days! Let's look at the live cameras. We are close to the
:40:13. > :40:22.marsh-cam. Look, that's very cute cute! You are impressed, aren't
:40:22. > :40:26.you? I like mallards. They're an rated, I have to say. Six there, I
:40:26. > :40:30.think. Anything on the swan-cam? We are close to that, as well. They're
:40:30. > :40:34.back on the nest, which is typical. They'll go back to the nest at this
:40:34. > :40:38.time of evening and brood those youngsters.
:40:38. > :40:43.Well, our hidden cameras can give us beautiful shots. But what's
:40:43. > :40:47.truly amazing is when you get a hidden camera that's a mini-camera
:40:47. > :40:52.getting closeups of very small things, isn't it, Martin?
:40:52. > :40:54.It certainly is. It's time to plunge into that hidden world on
:40:54. > :40:58.the ground, the one we hardly ever see.
:40:58. > :41:04.You may remember yesterday we set Alistair McEwan the challenge to
:41:04. > :41:07.try to delve into that world. Wes unof the world's leading experts on
:41:07. > :41:12.closeup photographry. It's a tough challenge, to be honest. Normally
:41:12. > :41:16.we give him days to do this, but already he's started to see some
:41:16. > :41:22.extraordinary things. Have a look at the first thing he
:41:22. > :41:30.filmed. This is a biting fly. Like a horse fly. There's 30 different
:41:31. > :41:34.types. It's the females that bite us. The males suck nectar. Each eye
:41:34. > :41:41.of is made up of thousands of individual lens. That fly is
:41:41. > :41:45.getting a sort of complex network of images coming in. What look like
:41:45. > :41:50.hairs, they're not there to keep the fly warm, those are an awry of
:41:50. > :41:53.other sensory equipment. We just can't begin to enter into their
:41:53. > :41:58.bizarre sensory world but it's fascinating to see.
:41:58. > :42:01.Here is a second thing Alistair managed to film.
:42:01. > :42:07.Tantalising to begin with. Can you guess what this is? I expect you
:42:07. > :42:12.probably can now. It's a snail. But what a way to see
:42:12. > :42:16.a snail. This is absolutely fascinating. The snail is eating,
:42:16. > :42:22.obviously. You can see the mouth parts. That brown thing you can
:42:22. > :42:26.just glimpse, it's very, very hard and it can scrape away algae and
:42:26. > :42:31.eat our vegetables in the garden. If you want to see that yourself,
:42:31. > :42:36.you can get some sugar solutions, weak solution, put it on a window,
:42:36. > :42:38.a glass window or door and put a snail on it and you will see that
:42:38. > :42:44.scraping away for yourself. Fascinating.
:42:44. > :42:49.Now, let us have one more look at another shot. That closeup of the
:42:49. > :42:59.quiz. Michaela, are you there? We had over 600 responses to the
:42:59. > :43:04.
:43:04. > :43:10.quiz on the blog. Lots of you got it right. An 11-year-old. What was
:43:10. > :43:15.it? Let's have a reveal. I love this.
:43:15. > :43:20.As you see more and more of it you probably can guess that it's a
:43:20. > :43:24.plant. And it is... A stinging nettle! What is great about when
:43:24. > :43:29.you can see that closeup, you can see the nettle has hairs on it,
:43:29. > :43:34.that's what stings you. The little end tip of the hair breaks off into
:43:34. > :43:38.your skin and releases a chemical and that's what makes you itch.
:43:38. > :43:42.Earlier this year I got my own back on the nettles, I made soup, it was
:43:42. > :43:47.like yeah! Got one back. The sting goes when you cook it. It doesn't
:43:47. > :43:51.go when you try and eat it raw, apparently. Do you know they have
:43:51. > :43:57.annual stinging nettle eating championships. I give you one guess
:43:57. > :44:00.who has entered? Chris. But don't mention it to him, he was beaten by
:44:00. > :44:06.Ben Fogle and he does not like to be beaten. Eating nettles?
:44:07. > :44:11.Seriously. Talking of Chris, who are Chris's two best friends?
:44:11. > :44:17.and Scratchy. Think about the itch's little face. Brown curly
:44:17. > :44:24.stuff and also sticky out - it's got whiskers. What are they? How do
:44:24. > :44:29.they work? Chris went down to Kent to find out more.
:44:29. > :44:33.Whiskers are spepgsly adapted thick sensory hairs that grow around the
:44:33. > :44:37.face of almost every mammal. We humans are one of the few
:44:37. > :44:42.exceptions. How they function is fascinating.
:44:42. > :44:50.And it can reveal a lot about their owner's way of life. So, how
:44:50. > :44:56.exactly do whiskers work? I feel a visual metaphor coming on. In fact,
:44:56. > :44:58.rather paradoxically I can hear one. Because out in the woods we have an
:44:58. > :45:02.old-fashioned gramaphone player. But there is a direct relation that
:45:02. > :45:06.you can see between the needle here, and the animal's whisker. This
:45:06. > :45:11.needle is down in the groove on the record and every bump, every twist
:45:12. > :45:15.and turn is being transferred into the sound that you can rather,
:45:15. > :45:19.unfortunately, hear coming out here. The sound of jazz.
:45:19. > :45:22.But, the whisker is very similar to this, tpwaus, too, is in contact
:45:22. > :45:27.with every bump, every twist and turn in its environment. Instead of
:45:27. > :45:37.turning it into sound, in the mammal's brain it's turned into
:45:37. > :45:38.
:45:38. > :45:42.that sensory feeling, so it can I'm at the Wildwood Trust in Kent.
:45:42. > :45:47.Robin from Sheffield University specialises in sensory ecology, she
:45:47. > :45:51.is a whiskers expired. She has been doing some remarkable research into
:45:52. > :45:56.exactly how small mammals use their whiskers. Why have we not learned
:45:57. > :46:04.more about them earlier? advances in technology and the
:46:04. > :46:09.thing about whiskeys is they are small and move very fast so we film
:46:09. > :46:15.in high-speed to film slow-motion and we can film them slowed down by
:46:15. > :46:19.about 20 times. This super slow- motion footage is used to analyse
:46:19. > :46:24.the finest details of how the Memmel smooth and use their
:46:24. > :46:32.whiskers. Today Robben is studying the, in my opinion, dull dormouse,
:46:32. > :46:38.the aquatic water vole and the harvest mouse. You can see his
:46:38. > :46:44.little nose and whiskers around it flexing constantly. He is moving
:46:44. > :46:48.them backwards and forwards. We call this whisking. The is that
:46:48. > :46:56.term in the Oxford English Dictionary? Not sure yet but it
:46:56. > :47:03.will do. A great phrase. It is this movement which is the focus of the
:47:03. > :47:08.research. The whiskers themselves are dead material, they are like
:47:08. > :47:15.our heads, so the sensory apparatus is in the follicle and they must be
:47:15. > :47:20.super-sensitive? They are. That is what sets whiskeys apart from the
:47:20. > :47:25.hair on our heads. You can touch the whisky gently and they can
:47:25. > :47:32.detect it at once. Let's look at what we have got. This is the
:47:32. > :47:36.harvest mouse. Forwards and backwards, this is whisking. As he
:47:36. > :47:40.moves around the block one side makes gentle touches against the
:47:40. > :47:45.block whereas the other side is really reaching round and trying to
:47:45. > :47:52.put as many whisker touches on to the block as possible, we call this
:47:52. > :47:59.minimum impingement, maximal contact. Brilliant! Let's move on
:47:59. > :48:03.to the water vole. These guys on the ground on the water, so surely
:48:03. > :48:08.different whiskers? Yes, the first thing you notice is these are much
:48:08. > :48:12.smaller in comparison to its body size. I imagine their sense of
:48:12. > :48:18.smell would be quite important when it comes to finding their food so
:48:18. > :48:21.the whiskers may not need to be so super-sensitive? It might not be
:48:21. > :48:24.their primary sense but they use their whiskers and integrate all
:48:24. > :48:29.their senses together so they get as much information from their
:48:29. > :48:35.environment as possible. So the whiskers are not moving all the
:48:36. > :48:42.time. Not much whisking. I am going to give the harvest mouse a six out
:48:42. > :48:49.of 10, but mark the water vole to just a 2.2. Let's bring out the
:48:49. > :48:54.dormouse. This is a very young dormouse and he is pushing his
:48:54. > :48:59.whiskers forward to scan way he is about to put his feet. Dormice live
:48:59. > :49:02.in the trees so there whiskeys work in three dimensions, pointing
:49:02. > :49:07.outwards, upwards and straight ahead all at once. Is this all new?
:49:07. > :49:14.This is brand new. We have not even published it yet. Fantastic and
:49:14. > :49:24.fascinating. You are waiting for a score? I'm a bit of a Simons --
:49:24. > :49:26.
:49:26. > :49:31.Simon Cowell so I will give it a There was the most exciting film I
:49:31. > :49:34.have been lucky enough to do for Springwatch for some time. We see
:49:34. > :49:40.those whiskers but we never really think about how they were used, or
:49:40. > :49:45.how useful they can be. Her research is fantastic. I had such a
:49:45. > :49:55.good day. Driving home I was genuinely so excited. Come and look
:49:55. > :49:57.
:49:57. > :50:00.at this. We are being murdered by midges! They are so ferocious.
:50:00. > :50:04.knew you would love that film because you have unquenchable
:50:05. > :50:09.thirst for new science, which is what we love about Chris. She is
:50:09. > :50:12.the one adding to it. Her research is really exciting. She told you
:50:12. > :50:16.lots of things you did not know about whiskers. This is something
:50:16. > :50:21.everybody knows - they are useful for small mammals in the dark which
:50:21. > :50:28.leads us to the mammal stumps just behind us. Although we can see
:50:28. > :50:33.pictures of it, we have infra-red cameras which means we can see
:50:33. > :50:37.animals if there were any. It is very Darkin there. That is where
:50:37. > :50:44.the whiskeys are useful and we shot something earlier that shows where
:50:44. > :50:47.whiskers were used in quite a comical way. The wood mouse there
:50:48. > :50:52.is clearly disturbed by default but they don't actually touch one
:50:52. > :50:58.another, surely because the whiskers made contact. They look
:50:58. > :51:02.much longer than we can see them. Another piece of film we have here.
:51:02. > :51:06.Look at them closely, before this that starts they don't actually
:51:06. > :51:12.make any direct physical contact, it is probably just their whiskers
:51:12. > :51:17.touching. They are tremendously important organs in the
:51:17. > :51:22.subterranean world. They are probably in there, in the dark,
:51:22. > :51:26.they can sense and smelly each other, they are going around and
:51:26. > :51:31.suddenly their whiskers touch and it is like what was that?! They
:51:31. > :51:36.don't know how close they are. almost felt your whiskers on my
:51:36. > :51:42.chest there! A must shave! Another animal with a formidable set of
:51:42. > :51:47.whiskers, we have managed to get some film of. Otters. I say lucky
:51:47. > :51:51.because simply normally these animals are strictly nocturnal. Our
:51:51. > :51:54.cameraman was out and found this, a female otter with a couple of cups.
:51:54. > :51:59.She appears to catch something and they become very boisterous,
:51:59. > :52:04.probably trying to get the food from her. They move away and
:52:04. > :52:08.eventually he loses sight of them as they disappear. Through the rest
:52:08. > :52:18.of our time here we can be doing everything we can to see if we can
:52:18. > :52:23.
:52:23. > :52:33.find more to us. Let's see if there A camera is just down underneath
:52:33. > :52:34.
:52:34. > :52:38.the tree there. The but we did get Nothing there, then an adult comes
:52:38. > :52:41.in, we don't know if that is the male female but it is promising.
:52:41. > :52:49.an amazing shot. A really attractive animals are fingers
:52:49. > :52:55.crossed we get more of these. have them on your eyelashes!
:52:56. > :53:05.don't mind giving blood, but this is taking it a bit far! Martin is
:53:06. > :53:06.
:53:06. > :53:12.It is slightly better in here but not much! We are coming towards the
:53:12. > :53:19.end of the show, let's go lout on the osprey camera and see what is
:53:19. > :53:23.going on. I think that is Nora sitting there. So tantalising, I
:53:23. > :53:29.would love to see what is going on underneath, she is incubating those
:53:29. > :53:39.eggs. If you have been watching you may want an easy way to tell the
:53:39. > :53:49.difference between Nord and Monty. There is a way. You have to look at
:53:49. > :53:53.
:53:53. > :54:02.their eye colour. Monty's eyes are actually orange. Nora's They are
:54:02. > :54:10.different. Are yellow. Quite clearly they are different. Here
:54:10. > :54:15.are those eggs, they picked, a crucial moment they're. The adult
:54:15. > :54:22.comes in, watches them, sure enough, there is the chick, a critical
:54:22. > :54:29.moment. They have to push that Shell off and here they come. They
:54:29. > :54:34.are out. There is just two of them out and now it becomes absolutely
:54:34. > :54:40.crucial, these first few feeds. The mother knows what she is doing but
:54:40. > :54:47.the chicks have to learn to accept that food off their mother's beak.
:54:47. > :54:52.Will she do it? It can go wrong, this. Did she get it? I think so. A
:54:52. > :55:01.critical time for them, isn't it? It is. They are lucky the weather
:55:01. > :55:04.is good. But we won our first one to hatch and it will be inside that
:55:04. > :55:09.gig at the moment using its pipping muscle, the muscle that goes down
:55:09. > :55:15.the back of its neck, giving it the strength to break out of the egg.
:55:15. > :55:24.We have a question on that. Mike on Twitter - how does an unattached
:55:24. > :55:29.Osprey chick survive? They rose membrane that goes round the edge
:55:29. > :55:33.of the egg and it connects the membrane to inside the egg. Oxygen
:55:33. > :55:38.goes through the shell into the membrane which is porous, and
:55:38. > :55:42.transfers the oxygen. There is an air sac and B Chick's beak goes
:55:42. > :55:47.into bat and when the carbon- dioxide build up to about 9% it
:55:47. > :55:57.then forces it to break out. Good question. It is thought instigates
:55:57. > :56:10.
:56:10. > :56:15.Let's go to our live cameras and I don't want to build up the
:56:15. > :56:21.jeopardy too much, or put it down on his chances but take a look at
:56:21. > :56:27.this, the behaviour we have seen going on today. The Nat hajj is now
:56:27. > :56:30.feeding them through the hole. -- nut hatch. So it is not going into
:56:31. > :56:39.the nest box so the biggest and the strongest can reach up and get the
:56:39. > :56:49.food. Nepal Rand has not done too well. He is still on the left-hand
:56:49. > :56:51.
:56:51. > :56:59.side not getting anything. -- poor runt. He reaches, but the adult
:56:59. > :57:08.doesn't come! Nearly! Still going strong. Plenty of insects. That's
:57:08. > :57:17.all we can do. Grade one Twitter - are not hatches the only birds to
:57:17. > :57:25.mug up tree holes? -- nut hatches. Other species will do it, there are
:57:25. > :57:31.many nuthatches across Europe, one called a rock nuthatch which makes
:57:31. > :57:41.it own not -- mud nest, a bit like a house Martin. Hornbills muck up
:57:41. > :57:43.
:57:43. > :57:50.the whole. Shall we take a look at the barn owls. Can you see the
:57:50. > :57:57.difference in size? You can! We will focus more on those tomorrow.
:57:57. > :58:01.They look gorgeous. They have been breeding and breeding. Tomorrow I
:58:01. > :58:06.will continue to follow up that amazing Welsh pine marten mystery.
:58:06. > :58:12.Can we find them with your help? will catch up with our kingfishers.
:58:12. > :58:21.Things get a bit wet for them. will leave you with our us prays,
:58:21. > :58:25.keep your eye on them, see what happens to them -- Ospreys. Surely
:58:25. > :58:31.after we finished our next -- nest expert will give you insight into