0:00:06 > 0:00:08Humans are an incredible species.
0:00:08 > 0:00:09We've found ways
0:00:09 > 0:00:12to talk to each other on opposite sides of the world.
0:00:12 > 0:00:14We've discovered cures for terrible diseases,
0:00:14 > 0:00:18and some of us have even left this planet to explore space.
0:00:18 > 0:00:21But there's still so much left to find out.
0:00:21 > 0:00:24I'm Greg Foot. Since I was a kid, I've been into science.
0:00:24 > 0:00:28I've always been asking questions and taking things apart to understand how they work.
0:00:28 > 0:00:31I was the kid trawling through the rock pools
0:00:31 > 0:00:35and the one that tried to turn his bike into an aeroplane.
0:00:35 > 0:00:37I even went on to do a science degree.
0:00:37 > 0:00:40And I'm still asking questions.
0:00:40 > 0:00:43- This is going to hurt, right?- Yeah. - 'And I reckon a lot of you are too.'
0:00:43 > 0:00:46And that's what this series is all about.
0:00:46 > 0:00:50Getting to the bottom of all those questions that never get properly answered,
0:00:50 > 0:00:52to reveal the secrets of everything.
0:00:58 > 0:01:02'This time on The Secrets Of Everything...' Ohh!
0:01:02 > 0:01:05'..I'll be finding out what humans taste like.'
0:01:05 > 0:01:07It's pretty good.
0:01:07 > 0:01:10'It's one small step for man...'
0:01:10 > 0:01:13My friend Doc and I will be measuring how big
0:01:13 > 0:01:17- "a giant leap for mankind" actually is.- What about that, my dear boy?
0:01:17 > 0:01:19Who said pigs can't fly, eh?
0:01:19 > 0:01:23'And we'll be discovering whether or not a belly flop can kill you.'
0:01:28 > 0:01:32But first, I'll be finding out if there's any truth to
0:01:32 > 0:01:34one of our favourite urban legends.
0:01:35 > 0:01:39Imagine in five minutes' time, everyone on the entire planet
0:01:39 > 0:01:43was going to jump at exactly the same time.
0:01:43 > 0:01:46From London to Sydney, Delhi to New York,
0:01:46 > 0:01:526.9 billion people leap in the air. Could they make the earth move?
0:01:52 > 0:01:55# Ladies and gentlemen This is something they call
0:01:55 > 0:01:58# A ground-breaker... #
0:02:04 > 0:02:06Now the reason why I think that this urban legend
0:02:06 > 0:02:08could hold a grain of truth
0:02:08 > 0:02:11is because it is actually possible to affect the motion of the planet.
0:02:14 > 0:02:18Now, if I set myself spinning, just like the Earth,
0:02:18 > 0:02:20I go this fast.
0:02:22 > 0:02:24But if I pull my hands in...
0:02:24 > 0:02:27I go a lot, lot faster.
0:02:28 > 0:02:30And it's exactly the same with the Earth.
0:02:30 > 0:02:33An earthquake can change the speed that the planet rotates
0:02:33 > 0:02:35by shifting rock round the Earth's crust.
0:02:35 > 0:02:39'This happened recently when the Japanese earthquake
0:02:39 > 0:02:42'make the world speed up, shortening the day by nearly two milliseconds.'
0:02:50 > 0:02:55'So the big question is, could we affect the way the Earth spins?'
0:02:55 > 0:02:57So I wanna get the crowd over there at the main stage
0:02:57 > 0:03:02to all jump at the same time, and I'm hoping it's going to make a small earthquake.
0:03:02 > 0:03:03With a bit of maths, I can scale that up
0:03:03 > 0:03:07and see what'd happen if everyone on Earth jumped at the same time,
0:03:07 > 0:03:10and whether that would change the speed of the spin of the Earth.
0:03:11 > 0:03:13'Meanwhile, a kilometre and a half away,
0:03:13 > 0:03:15'there's a man in a field who knows that size matters.
0:03:15 > 0:03:20'He's a seismologist, here to measure the impact of our festival earthquake.'
0:03:20 > 0:03:22- Can we test it?- Yes.
0:03:23 > 0:03:27- Ah, look at that!- Nice one. - That is brilliant.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30'All I need to do now is to convince
0:03:30 > 0:03:34'a crowd of 50,000 to jump at the same time.'
0:03:34 > 0:03:37- You ready to do this, Greg? - I'm ready, let's do it.
0:03:37 > 0:03:41- How you feeling, Reading Festival? - CHEERING
0:03:41 > 0:03:45Right now we're going to try something that has never been done
0:03:45 > 0:03:47at Reading before on the main stage.
0:03:47 > 0:03:51This man is Greg Foot, can everybody wave at Greg from BBC3?
0:03:51 > 0:03:54- Hello, Greg.- Hi, everybody, how you doing?
0:03:54 > 0:03:57OK, so we are going to try to make an earthquake.
0:03:57 > 0:04:01What we need all you guys to do is jump and land and hit the ground
0:04:01 > 0:04:04at exactly the same time. Don't do it yet,
0:04:04 > 0:04:07get ready to do it, we're going to count you down.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09We've got scientists who are going to measure the ground
0:04:09 > 0:04:12and we're going to get Reading festival on the Richter scale.
0:04:12 > 0:04:16Are you ready to do this? All right. Let's go!
0:04:16 > 0:04:20Five, four, three, two, one, jump!
0:04:21 > 0:04:23Yes, that'll do it.
0:04:23 > 0:04:29- Because this is Reading, we'll call it the Rockter scale for now, Greg. - The Rockter scale, nice.
0:04:29 > 0:04:32Hopefully someone's going to run on in a minute. Have we managed to
0:04:32 > 0:04:33make an earthquake, Reading?
0:04:33 > 0:04:38Apparently it's 0.6 on the Richter scale - you successfully
0:04:38 > 0:04:40made an earthquake, Reading! Good work.
0:04:40 > 0:04:42Thank you, guys.
0:04:42 > 0:04:44Thank you.
0:04:45 > 0:04:47That was amazing! How did it look?
0:04:47 > 0:04:50- Well, the jump shows up really clearly.- So, Paul,
0:04:50 > 0:04:55we've managed to detect that 1.5 kilometres away with 50,000 people.
0:04:55 > 0:04:58If we had everyone in the whole world jump at the same time,
0:04:58 > 0:05:00could it change the length of the day?
0:05:00 > 0:05:02Er, it's a bit more complicated that that.
0:05:02 > 0:05:06'The Reading earthquake measured 0.6 on the Richter scale.'
0:05:06 > 0:05:09Five, four, three, two, one, jump!
0:05:09 > 0:05:14'But the day-shortening Japanese quake weighed in at a colossal 8.9.
0:05:14 > 0:05:18'To recreate that, you'd need seven million times more people
0:05:18 > 0:05:21'than currently live on the planet.'
0:05:21 > 0:05:24OK, so the urban legend is completely untrue.
0:05:24 > 0:05:28You cannot shift the planet if everyone jumps at the same time.
0:05:28 > 0:05:30You can't even change how fast it spins,
0:05:30 > 0:05:32there's no truth in it at all.
0:05:35 > 0:05:37ELECTRIC BUZZING
0:05:37 > 0:05:39BEEPING
0:05:48 > 0:05:52When you eat meat, you can tell from the flavour what it is,
0:05:52 > 0:05:57whether that's beef, chicken, pork or lamb.
0:05:57 > 0:06:00We all know what it tastes of when it's cooked.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03But there's one type of meat that I've never tried.
0:06:03 > 0:06:08Some say it tastes of chicken, others say pork, and some say veal.
0:06:08 > 0:06:14What I want to know is, is it possible to find out what humans taste of?
0:06:14 > 0:06:17- I've heard it's like pork. - Gristly, I reckon.
0:06:17 > 0:06:21You're not actually supposed to feed your dog pork - they get a taste for human flesh.
0:06:21 > 0:06:23- I would give it a go. - Apparently it tastes like pork.
0:06:23 > 0:06:27- Are you cooking it or are you having it sushi-style? - Raw?- Yeah, in a rice roll.
0:06:27 > 0:06:30I don't know, I'd be curious. That's quite sick, isn't it?
0:06:30 > 0:06:32- I reckon it would be chewy. - Probably enjoy it, I think.
0:06:32 > 0:06:35- Where you going to get steak on a human, then?- Arse?
0:06:35 > 0:06:39# Now I've got everything I wanted
0:06:41 > 0:06:44# There's still a bad taste in my mouth... #
0:06:44 > 0:06:49'To answer this question, I'm going to try to chew my own leg.'
0:06:49 > 0:06:52- Hiya, Steve.- Hi, Greg.- Nice to meet you.- Nice to meet you too.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55- Thanks very much for helping me out. - No problem, welcome to Kings.
0:06:55 > 0:06:59So I believe you're going to help me find out what humans taste of.
0:06:59 > 0:07:02- I'll try.- Er, by taking a muscle biopsy from my leg, is that right?
0:07:02 > 0:07:06That's right. We're going to take a small piece of muscle from
0:07:06 > 0:07:09- the outer part of your quadriceps muscle, your thigh today.- OK.
0:07:10 > 0:07:15'Under a local anaesthetic, Steve is going to get right into my leg muscle...'
0:07:15 > 0:07:17That's big.
0:07:17 > 0:07:20'..And pull out a bit of tasty thigh.'
0:07:20 > 0:07:24MUSIC: "Youth Knows No Pain" by Lykke Li
0:07:28 > 0:07:31- Ohh!- And relax. Pull.
0:07:31 > 0:07:33- Pull.- Aarrggh!- Pull.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35Ohh, ohhh, I felt that.
0:07:35 > 0:07:39- Would you like to have a look at what we've taken?- I'd love to have a look, yes.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42What we actually can't see but will be in there
0:07:42 > 0:07:45is the connective tissue which wraps around muscle fibres.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48Is that like when you gnaw on a chicken bone
0:07:48 > 0:07:51- and there's the stringy bits, that's the connective tissue?- Yes.
0:07:51 > 0:07:55'We're actually a lot more like the animals we eat than you'd think.
0:07:55 > 0:07:58'Analysis of my leg reveals that it's about half the same type of
0:07:58 > 0:08:01'muscle found in chicken breast, but it also contains
0:08:01 > 0:08:05'similar muscle fibres to those found in cuts of beef.
0:08:05 > 0:08:07'To find out what that makes it taste like
0:08:07 > 0:08:10'means travelling to Nottingham.'
0:08:14 > 0:08:18- Hi, Avinash.- Hello, Greg. - How you doing?- Not bad.
0:08:18 > 0:08:21'The truth is it's illegal to eat human flesh, even your own,
0:08:21 > 0:08:25'but there's still a way to nail the taste.
0:08:25 > 0:08:29'Avinash is about to make scientific history
0:08:29 > 0:08:33'and analyse for the first time the aromas of cooked human.'
0:08:34 > 0:08:36The aroma is usually about 80%, er,
0:08:36 > 0:08:39of the total composition of the flavour.
0:08:39 > 0:08:43That's why when you eat a banana, if you do that with your nose
0:08:43 > 0:08:45and you eat it, it doesn't taste of banana.
0:08:45 > 0:08:47That's correct.
0:08:47 > 0:08:51So this is it, this is my cooked leg meat.
0:08:51 > 0:08:53- That's correct. - Can I have a smell?
0:08:53 > 0:08:56- Go for it, see what you think.- Yeah?
0:08:59 > 0:09:01Ugh!
0:09:03 > 0:09:06- Actually, that actually smells quite nice!- Does it really?
0:09:06 > 0:09:11- It's really meaty, though.- OK.- Like a lot richer than pork or chicken.
0:09:12 > 0:09:17- Very distinctive.- Yeah. Oh, it's like beef and ale stew or something.
0:09:21 > 0:09:24'So what does Avinash reckon I taste of?'
0:09:24 > 0:09:27Trending towards sort of the red meat side and also
0:09:27 > 0:09:30a bit towards the lamb and the pork, so it's a combination.
0:09:30 > 0:09:34I kind of feel like I need to taste it now for myself.
0:09:34 > 0:09:36You're on your own.
0:09:38 > 0:09:42# You want a piece of me... #
0:09:45 > 0:09:48'Even if it was legal, I wouldn't want to sacrifice
0:09:48 > 0:09:51'a whole arm to make a real Greg burger,
0:09:51 > 0:09:56'so I've cooked up a mixture of the meats that came up in the analysis of my cooked thigh.'
0:09:56 > 0:09:58# You want a piece of me... #
0:10:00 > 0:10:02So now I've just got to eat it.
0:10:06 > 0:10:07It's good!
0:10:07 > 0:10:10It's like really beefy, bit lamby.
0:10:10 > 0:10:13Mmm. I think that's going to be the closest I'm ever going to get
0:10:13 > 0:10:17to tasting human, and I'll tell you what - it's pretty good.
0:10:17 > 0:10:19# You want a piece of me. #
0:10:41 > 0:10:43I don't think you'll survive.
0:10:43 > 0:10:45I think I'd try and run all over the place.
0:10:45 > 0:10:49- Or stand next to a church, they've got lightning conductors. - Have they?
0:10:49 > 0:10:52Put on some rubber, if you've got flip-flops or anything like that.
0:10:52 > 0:10:54I'd take off my silver.
0:10:54 > 0:10:58- Bend over and hope for the best. Fingers crossed.- Bend over?!
0:10:59 > 0:11:03'To find out how deadly lightning really is,
0:11:03 > 0:11:05'we need someone for it to strike.
0:11:05 > 0:11:09'My mate Johnny is perfect for this. He's an extreme sports freak,
0:11:09 > 0:11:13'has enough hair to take a bit of singeing, and frankly, he's free.'
0:11:13 > 0:11:17# Outside the cafe by the cracker factory
0:11:17 > 0:11:20# You were practising a magic trick... #
0:11:21 > 0:11:25'To give us some volts, I've got hold of this machine,
0:11:25 > 0:11:27'previously owned by an evil genius.
0:11:27 > 0:11:29'It's called a Tesla Coil.
0:11:29 > 0:11:33'It turns ordinary mains electricity into artificial lightning.'
0:11:33 > 0:11:37# ..Crying lightning... #
0:11:37 > 0:11:41'Lightning is static electricity. It builds up in rain clouds
0:11:41 > 0:11:43'and escapes to earth in a blinding flash
0:11:43 > 0:11:47'that's hotter than the surface of the sun.
0:11:47 > 0:11:50'But just so it's not like a bolt from the blue, I'm giving Johnny
0:11:50 > 0:11:54'a gentle introduction to electric shocks.'
0:11:54 > 0:11:57If we touch that electric fence we're going to complete the circuit.
0:11:57 > 0:12:00- Ow!- Yeah, see, it's stronger there.
0:12:00 > 0:12:01Would you lick that?
0:12:03 > 0:12:05Conduct all that electricity, go on.
0:12:05 > 0:12:08'It's probably not the most sensible thing ever to go lick an electric fence.
0:12:08 > 0:12:14'The BBC had us and the kit thoroughly checked out. So, don't do this at home!'
0:12:14 > 0:12:17Anything that has water or minerals in it conducts electricity
0:12:17 > 0:12:19really well. Aaah!
0:12:19 > 0:12:20'Compared to lightning,
0:12:20 > 0:12:23'the voltages we're dealing with here are pretty pathetic,
0:12:23 > 0:12:29'but the truth is your whole body is controlled by tiny amounts of electricity.'
0:12:31 > 0:12:35These are what lazy people use to avoid exercise.
0:12:35 > 0:12:37So you need to strap one on.
0:12:37 > 0:12:40'These muscle stimulators take over your nervous system and send
0:12:40 > 0:12:43'"must work harder" impulses to puny muscles.'
0:12:43 > 0:12:46Aaggghhhh!
0:12:46 > 0:12:48I can feel it in my finger now.
0:12:48 > 0:12:51So that's the electricity causing Johnny's muscles
0:12:51 > 0:12:53to spasm, and he has no control over it.
0:12:53 > 0:12:55If he was hit by lightning,
0:12:55 > 0:12:57obviously the effect would be a lot stronger,
0:12:57 > 0:12:59and if it went over his heart muscle
0:12:59 > 0:13:02then that could be very, very problematic.
0:13:02 > 0:13:06'Right - time for Johnny to experience a real lightning strike.
0:13:06 > 0:13:10'Only kidding, we've asked a plastic construction worker...'
0:13:10 > 0:13:13Disaster!
0:13:13 > 0:13:18'..To step in instead, because if you're an actual person,
0:13:18 > 0:13:22'you really want to avoid getting hit.'
0:13:23 > 0:13:25'Maybe by sheltering under a tree...
0:13:25 > 0:13:28'or maybe not.'
0:13:28 > 0:13:33The tree is about 20% water, whereas you are about 72.8% water,
0:13:33 > 0:13:37so although the lightning has been attracted to the height of the tree
0:13:37 > 0:13:39and it's travelled down the tree,
0:13:39 > 0:13:42it wants to go the easiest route to ground, so it jumps out to you.
0:13:42 > 0:13:45You're mainly water, you're really good for electricity
0:13:45 > 0:13:48to conduct through, straight down to ground.
0:13:48 > 0:13:51That is why it's a really bad idea to shelter underneath a tree.
0:13:51 > 0:13:53It won't hurt.
0:13:53 > 0:13:57'What you need is something more conductive than you are.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00'Something made of metal, like this.'
0:14:00 > 0:14:03# Holding on to black metal... #
0:14:03 > 0:14:06This is really putting my trust in science.
0:14:06 > 0:14:10It's going to be a million volts kind of raining down right on top of my head.
0:14:16 > 0:14:21Wow, that is a lot scarier than I though it was going to be.
0:14:21 > 0:14:26All I can see is a giant spark coming straight between my eyes.
0:14:31 > 0:14:33Wow.
0:14:34 > 0:14:38I'm in one piece. 'Unfortunately, these aren't very portable.'
0:14:41 > 0:14:44But if you've got your own four-wheeled metal cage handy,
0:14:44 > 0:14:49the best thing to do is to get in it.
0:14:49 > 0:14:52Look at that, that's one million volts of electricity,
0:14:52 > 0:14:55all over the surface of this car.
0:14:55 > 0:14:59So if you want to know how to survive a lightening strike,
0:14:59 > 0:15:00put yourself in a car.
0:15:24 > 0:15:28Here's Professor Logic. How do you do, Professor?
0:15:28 > 0:15:33Professor Logic is a busy man, so much to see, so much to learn,
0:15:33 > 0:15:35so much to measure.
0:15:40 > 0:15:44Today, Professor Logic is in the animal lab.
0:15:50 > 0:15:53He's looking at how new animals come from old ones.
0:15:55 > 0:15:59But they're from the same family. I'm not sure that's a good idea.
0:15:59 > 0:16:04Oh, I say, Professor, I really think you ought to stop now.
0:16:15 > 0:16:17What on earth have you done, Professor?
0:16:17 > 0:16:22Important genetic experiments? And what exactly have you discovered?
0:16:26 > 0:16:30I see. One set of genes from each parent
0:16:30 > 0:16:33and each set of genes will have faults.
0:16:33 > 0:16:37But, together, those faults will cancel themselves out.
0:16:37 > 0:16:41Natures very clever, isn't it, Professor?
0:16:41 > 0:16:47Ah, there's a catch. Genes from the same family have the same faults
0:16:47 > 0:16:50so they don't cancel out.
0:16:50 > 0:16:54I see well that certainly explains your unfortunate rabbit.
0:16:54 > 0:16:58No, I'm sure it is a bit more complicated than that
0:16:58 > 0:17:00but I think I see what you're getting at -
0:17:00 > 0:17:05it's never a good idea to marry someone from your birth family.
0:17:05 > 0:17:09Yes, I had heard that it's also illegal.
0:17:09 > 0:17:12No, really, the pleasure is all mine. Goodbye.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41'OK, Neil, we can see you coming down the ladder now.'
0:17:41 > 0:17:42'Roger, we copy.'
0:17:44 > 0:17:51'It's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.'
0:17:52 > 0:17:54Whenever I watch the lunar landings
0:17:54 > 0:17:58there's one question that I can't get out of my head.
0:17:59 > 0:18:02Just how big is one giant leap on the moon?
0:18:06 > 0:18:10If there's anyone I know who can help me get to the moon,
0:18:10 > 0:18:14it's a man who is a chemist, practical engineer, meteorologist
0:18:14 > 0:18:18and...Polish musician?!
0:18:20 > 0:18:25He is Dr Zbigniew Szydlo. I just call him Doc.
0:18:27 > 0:18:31Doc and I have come to this massive shed 50 miles north of London
0:18:31 > 0:18:35to recreate the moon and hopefully achieve some epic jumping.
0:18:35 > 0:18:39First things first though, I need to measure one giant Earth leap.
0:18:39 > 0:18:44Three, two, one, jump!
0:18:44 > 0:18:46Three, two, one, jump!
0:18:46 > 0:18:50- 68.- 68?- 68 centimetres.
0:18:52 > 0:18:56Now, the reason that I can't jump any further than 68 centimetres up
0:18:56 > 0:18:58is partly because I'm not very good at jumping
0:18:58 > 0:19:03but mainly because I'm not very good at escaping the earth's gravity.
0:19:03 > 0:19:05So, if you drop a hammer,
0:19:05 > 0:19:10it's the Earth's gravity that pulls it down to the middle of the planet.
0:19:12 > 0:19:15The moon is a much smaller mass than the Earth
0:19:15 > 0:19:20and that means that the gravity actually ends up as one sixth of that here on the planet.
0:19:20 > 0:19:21On the moon,
0:19:21 > 0:19:24there's much less gravity keeping your feet on the ground
0:19:24 > 0:19:27so you'd be far lighter than on Earth.
0:19:27 > 0:19:30Giant leaping guaranteed.
0:19:30 > 0:19:35To find out what that actually feels like, we need to go to the moon.
0:19:35 > 0:19:38Or alter reality here on Earth.
0:19:39 > 0:19:42Plenty of helium so we're all going, we're all set to go.
0:19:42 > 0:19:46- I want to try some of that. - Yeah, yeah, yeah.
0:19:46 > 0:19:51- IN HIGH-PITCHED VOICE:- I just talk like that. OK, Doc. Doc let's go to the moon.
0:19:51 > 0:19:55Which is where these giant helium balloons come in.
0:19:55 > 0:20:00Oh, it's a heavy day today. 85 kilograms.
0:20:00 > 0:20:03The balloons are going to make me the same weight I would be
0:20:03 > 0:20:08if I was leaping on the lunar landscape - about 15 kilos.
0:20:08 > 0:20:11Let's see how much lift, hang on, not yet, not yet, not yet, not yet.
0:20:11 > 0:20:14- Let's hope for seven.- I've got it, I've got it. Let go.
0:20:14 > 0:20:18- Let's hope for 78, my guess.- OK, go, what's it say, what's it say?
0:20:18 > 0:20:1977, 78.
0:20:19 > 0:20:22- It's saying 80.- So they've got to be bigger?- Much bigger.
0:20:26 > 0:20:31It's not the first time a balloon has been used to generate lift in this hangar
0:20:31 > 0:20:35because this was once home to the British Airship R101.
0:20:35 > 0:20:38Like me, R101 wasn't generating enough lift
0:20:38 > 0:20:42so in 1930 they cut it in half and added more space for gas.
0:20:42 > 0:20:44Shortly after that,
0:20:44 > 0:20:48the ship set off for India but crashed in Northern France.
0:20:50 > 0:20:56It was the end of Britain's commercial airship ambitions.
0:20:56 > 0:21:01Anyway, our buoyancy issues have now been addressed.
0:21:01 > 0:21:03You should now be feeling much lighter.
0:21:03 > 0:21:05And it's time for my maiden flight.
0:21:05 > 0:21:08Just a little jump of joy, I'll catch you as you come down.
0:21:08 > 0:21:11- I hope you will.- On my shoulders, OK. Watch out, ready, go.
0:21:11 > 0:21:13Hey, not too high.
0:21:13 > 0:21:18Now, how about that? What about that, what about that, my dear boy?
0:21:18 > 0:21:20So we've lowered my weight to a sixth of what it is on the Earth
0:21:20 > 0:21:22and this is what it feels like on the moon.
0:21:22 > 0:21:25Before I became an urban spaceman,
0:21:25 > 0:21:30I was only able to leap a pathetic 68 centimetres into the air.
0:21:30 > 0:21:33Question is, how high can I get now?
0:21:33 > 0:21:36- Jump.- Whoa.- OK.
0:21:36 > 0:21:38Right we've got it here. That was a massive 199.
0:21:38 > 0:21:44- One metre, 99 centimetres. - Well, that's certainly a huge improvement on last time.
0:21:44 > 0:21:47# I'm over the moon
0:21:47 > 0:21:50# Doing my thing and I won't come down. #
0:21:50 > 0:21:57My giant leap was three-times more than my earth-bound effort and I'm pretty chuffed with that.
0:21:57 > 0:22:00There's no better feeling than just being able to bounce.
0:22:00 > 0:22:02I mean, it's genius.
0:22:02 > 0:22:05That is the best approximation that we can do
0:22:05 > 0:22:09to answer the question of how big is one giant leap on the moon.
0:22:11 > 0:22:12Whoo-hoo!
0:22:14 > 0:22:15Hee-hee!
0:22:41 > 0:22:45Now there are probably 1,001 ways to die,
0:22:45 > 0:22:47none of which particularly appeal.
0:22:47 > 0:22:49But there is one fairly interesting way
0:22:49 > 0:22:53that's always intrigued me about whether it can happen at all.
0:22:57 > 0:23:01What I want to know is, if you did a big enough belly flop,
0:23:01 > 0:23:03could it kill you?
0:23:09 > 0:23:10When you dive in,
0:23:10 > 0:23:17all the energy from the dive is concentrated on a very small area the size of your hands.
0:23:21 > 0:23:24Water has a tendency to stay put...
0:23:26 > 0:23:29..but in a dive your body is streamlined
0:23:29 > 0:23:33so easily moves the water out of your way and the impact is gentle.
0:23:34 > 0:23:38But when you belly flop, the water still has the same inertia,
0:23:38 > 0:23:41that resistance to move, but the outcome is very different.
0:23:46 > 0:23:47Ow!
0:23:47 > 0:23:50You couldn't be less streamlined.
0:23:50 > 0:23:55Spread out, you don't stand a chance of parting the water.
0:23:55 > 0:23:58You stop almost instantly on something that doesn't move.
0:24:01 > 0:24:05So that's why belly flops hurt.
0:24:05 > 0:24:07But to see if one can kill you,
0:24:07 > 0:24:09I need to try something a bit more extreme.
0:24:12 > 0:24:15I'm going to need a crane, a forensic pathologist,
0:24:15 > 0:24:18a swimming pool and a dead pig.
0:24:18 > 0:24:20So this is the pig.
0:24:20 > 0:24:24We're going to rig him right up there, 25 metres up,
0:24:24 > 0:24:25and drop him into that.
0:24:26 > 0:24:30We've bought this slaughtered pig from an abattoir.
0:24:30 > 0:24:31It was destined for the butchers
0:24:31 > 0:24:34but, like scientists have done for centuries,
0:24:34 > 0:24:36we'll use it for research
0:24:36 > 0:24:40to discover exactly what damage a belly flop could cause.
0:24:40 > 0:24:44Is this going to be a good model for what would happen if a human dropped?
0:24:44 > 0:24:46It is. This is a 70 kilogram pig,
0:24:46 > 0:24:49the average human being is 70 kilograms.
0:24:49 > 0:24:52Skin is similar, bones, muscles, even the organs,
0:24:52 > 0:24:55so it should be fairly representative.
0:24:55 > 0:24:58First things first then, let's rig this guy up
0:24:58 > 0:25:00and get ready for the drop.
0:25:03 > 0:25:05Who said pigs can't fly, eh?
0:25:17 > 0:25:19I really hope it doesn't break the pool open.
0:25:22 > 0:25:27Right then. Any problems? Nope, all set? Arming.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31Three, two, one.
0:25:35 > 0:25:39Whoa! Good grief. That was nasty.
0:25:39 > 0:25:41I would not want that to be me.
0:25:42 > 0:25:45The pig looks undamaged
0:25:45 > 0:25:50but we need to get it onto the operating table to find out what's gone on inside.
0:25:50 > 0:25:56- OK, if you could hold that up for me. - Yep.- Then all the way down there.
0:25:58 > 0:26:01So you're going round the rib cage now?
0:26:01 > 0:26:04Yeah, just working our way around the ribs.
0:26:07 > 0:26:11- And there we go. - What have we got there then?
0:26:11 > 0:26:15As we get in here you can feel certainly that that rib's fractured.
0:26:15 > 0:26:17- So that's just snapped the rib?- Yep.
0:26:17 > 0:26:22The impact probably with this leg pushing in as it hits
0:26:22 > 0:26:25has just snapped that rib quite effectively.
0:26:25 > 0:26:28Because of the speed our pig belly flopped,
0:26:28 > 0:26:31the water just couldn't get out of the way quick enough.
0:26:31 > 0:26:33It's as if it landed on concrete.
0:26:37 > 0:26:41- Oh, what's that? There's gunge there.- Ruptured bowel.
0:26:41 > 0:26:43Would that be fatal?
0:26:43 > 0:26:47Er, not immediately but it's going to contaminate your abdomen
0:26:47 > 0:26:50and give you peritonitis and you wouldn't last long.
0:26:50 > 0:26:52So this damage is just from the belly flop.
0:26:52 > 0:26:55- You've got a broken rib, a ruptured bowel.- Yep.
0:26:57 > 0:27:01- Oh, no, no.- Oh.
0:27:01 > 0:27:04Right in there, that bit of liver is torn.
0:27:04 > 0:27:08That's literally just the force of the impact
0:27:08 > 0:27:10pulling that bit of organ apart.
0:27:13 > 0:27:15If you were alive,
0:27:15 > 0:27:18your liver has an awful lot of blood going through it.
0:27:18 > 0:27:20That would bleed rapidly.
0:27:20 > 0:27:22That can certainly kill you very quickly.
0:27:27 > 0:27:30So it looks like a belly flop CAN kill you
0:27:30 > 0:27:33and pretty easily, in fact.
0:27:33 > 0:27:34I knew about inertia
0:27:34 > 0:27:37and the fact that it takes energy to make something move
0:27:37 > 0:27:41but to see how lethal that is with water is quite something.
0:27:43 > 0:27:46And still loads more secrets to come. Next time -
0:27:46 > 0:27:48Why chillies burn even when they're cold...
0:27:48 > 0:27:52Ah! That is... I can't even talk.
0:27:52 > 0:27:57Can you survive an asteroid attack
0:27:57 > 0:28:01and, just in case you don't, what really happens when you die?
0:28:01 > 0:28:04The smell is just so rank that I can no longer stand it.
0:28:11 > 0:28:15Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd