0:00:00 > 0:00:00- 888
0:00:02 > 0:00:04- To London next, London next.
0:00:04 > 0:00:07- Are you ready in London? Mic OK?
0:00:07 > 0:00:09- Coming over to Guto in ten, nine...
0:00:10 > 0:00:12- ..eight, seven, six...
0:00:12 > 0:00:16- ..five, four, three, two, one.
0:00:17 > 0:00:20- It's hard to believe, - but in this past hour...
0:00:20 > 0:00:25- ..a dramatic arrest occurred - here on the corner of Chancery Lane.
0:00:25 > 0:00:30- Police describe the man - as a dangerous religious extremist.
0:00:30 > 0:00:34- They claim that this man - sought to undermine our way of life.
0:00:34 > 0:00:38- His allegiance - was to a foreign faith and power.
0:00:38 > 0:00:42- Eye witnesses have told me - that a special police unit arrived.
0:00:43 > 0:00:45- The suspect was being given shelter.
0:00:45 > 0:00:50- It's a central location, - right in the heart of legal London.
0:00:50 > 0:00:55- The police plainly view this - as a significant development.
0:00:55 > 0:00:58- News reports like that - are commonplace today.
0:00:58 > 0:01:03- London, in particular, - has its fair share of such events.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06- But that item of news - is actually 400 years old.
0:01:07 > 0:01:11- At the time, it created - a major dilemma for the authorities.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14- I give advice - to the modern day Mayor of London.
0:01:14 > 0:01:19- But had I been an adviser - at that time, I'd find it difficult.
0:01:19 > 0:01:23- Here was a real offender, - a true threat to the state.
0:01:23 > 0:01:27- That said, he had never - physically harmed a soul.
0:01:27 > 0:01:30- He was a hero to many - and is now officially a saint.
0:01:31 > 0:01:35- He was a man who was prepared - to make the ultimate sacrifice.
0:01:35 > 0:01:37- The church saw him as a martyr.
0:01:37 > 0:01:42- He, like me, was a Welshman - living in London, and a Catholic.
0:01:45 > 0:01:46- SACRED CHORAL MUSIC
0:01:55 > 0:01:59- The story of John Roberts - is an exciting, unlikely tale.
0:01:59 > 0:02:04- It's even more unlikely - if you view your average saint...
0:02:04 > 0:02:09- ..as a gentle, other-worldly being, - belonging only in a church window.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12- In this case, think again.
0:02:12 > 0:02:17- I'm on the trail - of a strong, wily and inventive man.
0:02:17 > 0:02:19- He was a man of flesh and blood.
0:02:20 > 0:02:25- By bravely following his Lord, - he had to face a most painful death.
0:02:25 > 0:02:28- But he lost not his smile, - nor his principles.
0:02:29 > 0:02:34- This is a pilgrimage - from north Wales to northern Spain.
0:02:34 > 0:02:40- We'll follow one who bade farewell - to homely comforts and his people.
0:02:40 > 0:02:44- He wished to understand - the purpose of our existence.
0:02:44 > 0:02:47- We will try to make sense - of his conclusions.
0:02:50 > 0:02:53- The world of John Roberts - is dark and dangerous.
0:02:54 > 0:02:57- It's a secretive world - of hiding and fleeing.
0:03:02 > 0:03:07- He's a hero who outwits - the hierarchy of his own church.
0:03:07 > 0:03:10- He becomes the scourge - of the secret police.
0:03:10 > 0:03:12- He leaves his cell - and escapes from jail...
0:03:13 > 0:03:15- ..just as the gallows face him.
0:03:17 > 0:03:19- A pilgrimage? Yes.
0:03:19 > 0:03:24- But also a spiritual voyage - closely linked to powerful people...
0:03:24 > 0:03:29- ..and what they consider important - in the real and material world.
0:03:32 > 0:03:37- The corridors of power, - money, influence and religion...
0:03:37 > 0:03:39- ..formed the world of John Roberts.
0:03:39 > 0:03:44- He was a significant figure - in London and on the continent.
0:03:44 > 0:03:47- He also took part - in the main struggle of the age.
0:03:47 > 0:03:51- He wanted Catholicism - restored in England and Wales.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55- And yet how many of us - have heard of John Roberts?
0:03:55 > 0:03:58- Do we ever think of Wales - as a Catholic country?
0:03:59 > 0:04:02- It would be easy to ignore - the Martyr of Meirionnydd.
0:04:03 > 0:04:07- But I find in his story - relevant and contemporary issues.
0:04:12 > 0:04:16- London. The year is 1610.
0:04:16 > 0:04:19- The end of the first decade - of a new century.
0:04:19 > 0:04:23- The capital city of England - is a fashionable metropolis.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26- Creative energies abound.
0:04:26 > 0:04:31- Listen to the music of William Byrd, - a favourite among intellectuals.
0:04:36 > 0:04:39- Visit the Globe to see - a new William Shakespeare play.
0:04:40 > 0:04:42- The Welsh are everywhere.
0:04:42 > 0:04:46- They're the largest ethnic group, - sociable and influential.
0:04:47 > 0:04:50- They're prominent in law - and commerce.
0:04:51 > 0:04:53- It wouldn't surprise people...
0:04:53 > 0:04:56- ..that one of us - was trying to transform society.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00- The exceptional ambition - of John Roberts...
0:05:01 > 0:05:03- ..sends him in many directions.
0:05:03 > 0:05:07- But invariably, - he tended to return to London.
0:05:07 > 0:05:11- This was always the centre - of any key episodes in his life.
0:05:11 > 0:05:15- I love this city - - but for him, it's full of danger.
0:05:15 > 0:05:18- He must take care, - and look over his shoulder...
0:05:19 > 0:05:22- ..hide in corners to stay safe.
0:05:22 > 0:05:26- Eventually, he relies - on others for his personal security.
0:05:26 > 0:05:31- And so he asks others to help him, - as well as keeping the faith.
0:05:33 > 0:05:36- Yes, religion is the root - of the problem.
0:05:36 > 0:05:38- Everyone is under suspicion.
0:05:38 > 0:05:42- You must be careful about - what you say, write or sing.
0:05:42 > 0:05:46- William Byrd's music - is dubious because he's a Catholic.
0:05:46 > 0:05:51- Even William Shakespeare's - works are scrutinized carefully.
0:05:51 > 0:05:56- The citizens of London live - under the state's watchful eye.
0:05:58 > 0:06:01- There are spies - in every tavern, street and shop.
0:06:01 > 0:06:05- The punishment for treason - is severe and painful.
0:06:05 > 0:06:09- "Hanged, drawn and quartered" - is the well-known phrase.
0:06:09 > 0:06:14- It barely describes - the bloody procedure involved.
0:06:14 > 0:06:19- A butcher removes your intestines - and genitals, after hanging you.
0:06:19 > 0:06:23- But you're still conscious - and aware of what's happening.
0:06:25 > 0:06:29- In this Protestant land, - it was the monarch's wish...
0:06:29 > 0:06:31- ..to be Head of the Church.
0:06:32 > 0:06:36- The Catholic countries abroad - were considered as the enemy.
0:06:36 > 0:06:40- Native Catholics - were made to feel uncomfortable.
0:06:40 > 0:06:43- As it happens, - most were loyal to the state.
0:06:43 > 0:06:47- But their spiritual allegiance - lay with the Pope in Rome.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50- Unfortunately, - in the eyes of the law here...
0:06:50 > 0:06:53- ..this was tantamount - to high treason.
0:06:57 > 0:07:00- The government in London - is prepared for war.
0:07:01 > 0:07:05- It's determined to defend itself, - its people and the way of life.
0:07:08 > 0:07:13- John Roberts is equally determined - as his own journey nears its end.
0:07:13 > 0:07:19- He's 33 and has travelled far - before his imprisonment in London.
0:07:19 > 0:07:23- But he's spent a whole lifetime - preparing for his great hour.
0:07:24 > 0:07:28- He well knows his fate - and the torment ahead of him.
0:07:28 > 0:07:30- But the shadow of the hangman...
0:07:30 > 0:07:33- ..fails to dim - his devotion to his faith.
0:07:36 > 0:07:38- If I had ten thousand lives...
0:07:38 > 0:07:42- ..and each one more dear - to me than the one I have...
0:07:42 > 0:07:45- ..I would sacrifice - them all for this cause.
0:07:45 > 0:07:49- Why was this life - not enough for John Roberts?
0:07:49 > 0:07:52- From where did such passion come?
0:08:09 > 0:08:12- He spent his childhood - in Trawsfynydd.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16- His family is linked to the nobility - of Gwynedd, Powys and Deheubarth.
0:08:17 > 0:08:21- But much had been inherited - by John's cousin, Robert Lloyd.
0:08:22 > 0:08:25- Lloyd was a Member of Parliament - but lived locally.
0:08:26 > 0:08:30- Home was Rhiw Goch Mansion, - which today is a hotel.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33- One thing's obvious - to all those who visit here.
0:08:34 > 0:08:38- Robert Lloyd had created - a solid, established life...
0:08:38 > 0:08:42- ..while his cousin, - at precisely the same time...
0:08:42 > 0:08:45- ..was facing - an altogether different fate.
0:08:46 > 0:08:47- Thank you very much.
0:08:47 > 0:08:48- Thank you very much.- - You're welcome.
0:08:48 > 0:08:53- Yes, John Roberts's family - enjoyed a pleasant lifestyle.
0:08:53 > 0:08:56- They were, after all, - of princely descent.
0:08:56 > 0:09:00- Robert Lloyd was astute enough - to hold on to the good life...
0:09:00 > 0:09:02- ..despite the changing times.
0:09:04 > 0:09:06- The changes are nearby.
0:09:07 > 0:09:12- For 400 years, Cymer Abbey - was the religious heart of the area.
0:09:12 > 0:09:16- But nothing could prevent - the King from changing all that.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21- That King, of course, - was Henry VIII.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24- On breaking with Rome, - he abolishes the Abbey.
0:09:25 > 0:09:26- He demolishes the buildings.
0:09:27 > 0:09:29- He confiscates - all the monks' belongings.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33- On what was holy land, - only ruins now remain.
0:09:37 > 0:09:41- The message to the area's - population is crystal clear.
0:09:41 > 0:09:44- There's no option - but to conform with the new order.
0:09:45 > 0:09:48- Attending John Roberts' baptism - in Trawsfynydd...
0:09:48 > 0:09:51- ..his parents would be astounded...
0:09:51 > 0:09:56- ..by changes in the church - since their own childhood days.
0:09:57 > 0:10:01- Religious upheavals in Tudor times - must have baffled many people.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04- It was hard for common folk.
0:10:04 > 0:10:08- Are they with the Church of Rome, - or England, or another entity?
0:10:08 > 0:10:12- Under Henry VIII, - the answer seemed fairly clear.
0:10:13 > 0:10:17- But his daughter Mary promotes - a return to old Catholic ways.
0:10:17 > 0:10:21- Decorations and sculptures - re-appear in churches...
0:10:21 > 0:10:25- ..as do the priests - and their colourful attire.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29- Then, Elizabeth succeeds her - and prohibits everything again.
0:10:31 > 0:10:35- Little evidence exists to suggest - that rural Welsh people...
0:10:35 > 0:10:38- ..were keen converts - to the Protestant faith.
0:10:39 > 0:10:43- Elizabeth decreed public worship - in the old ways to be illegal.
0:10:43 > 0:10:47- The Queen still harboured a fear.
0:10:47 > 0:10:51- The Welsh were slow to embrace - the new faith in their hearts.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55- When John Roberts - was 12 years old...
0:10:55 > 0:11:00- ..in 1588, William Morgan's Bible - brought the word of God to Wales...
0:11:00 > 0:11:03- ..in the native tongue, - for the first time.
0:11:03 > 0:11:05- It was a calculated move...
0:11:06 > 0:11:09- ..to ensure allegiance - to the new religion...
0:11:09 > 0:11:14- ..among the monoglot population - in remote parts of Wales...
0:11:14 > 0:11:16- ..where old traditions died hard.
0:11:16 > 0:11:20- There is no open revolt - against Protestantism here...
0:11:20 > 0:11:23- ..but many local people - do have their doubts.
0:11:23 > 0:11:26- They can't save Cymer Abbey...
0:11:26 > 0:11:30- ..but Henry is prevented - from seizing the communion plates.
0:11:30 > 0:11:34- The cup and plate - are hidden in a safe place.
0:11:34 > 0:11:37- Nobody discovers them for 300 years.
0:11:38 > 0:11:41- As a boy wandering these slopes...
0:11:41 > 0:11:45- ..John Roberts - could reflect over both traditions.
0:11:45 > 0:11:50- In church, the new religion - was gradually establishing itself.
0:11:50 > 0:11:53- But the spirit of the land is older.
0:11:53 > 0:11:57- Those around him have long memories.
0:11:57 > 0:11:59- A legend persists locally.
0:11:59 > 0:12:04- A monk who fled Cymer is said - to have been John Roberts's tutor.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07- He influenced the young man greatly.
0:12:09 > 0:12:14- Welsh verses on Sundays, - with a Protestant church minister...
0:12:14 > 0:12:19- ..and Latin lessons in the week - with a former monk from the Abbey.
0:12:19 > 0:12:24- In any event, he's a bright pupil - and is soon to read law in Oxford.
0:12:24 > 0:12:27- Most parents would be proud of that.
0:12:27 > 0:12:30- But for John Roberts, - going up to Oxford...
0:12:30 > 0:12:34- ..is the first step - on an extremely dangerous path.
0:12:35 > 0:12:35- .
0:12:37 > 0:12:37- 888
0:12:37 > 0:12:39- 888- - 888
0:12:43 > 0:12:46- Are traitors bred here at Oxford?
0:12:46 > 0:12:51- Education, religion and rebellion - is a mix that worries authority.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56- Up until now, however, it was felt - that any link was only relevant...
0:12:57 > 0:13:02- ..in foreign educational centres - and not with our intellectual elite.
0:13:02 > 0:13:06- But it's now feared that - top intellectual support exists...
0:13:07 > 0:13:11- ..for terrorist activities - here at St John's College.
0:13:12 > 0:13:14- BELLS RING
0:13:21 > 0:13:24- John Roberts arrives - at Oxford University...
0:13:25 > 0:13:27- ..in the year 1596.
0:13:27 > 0:13:31- He registers at St John's - College as a law student.
0:13:31 > 0:13:36- He intends, as is his family's wish, - to have a safe, respectable career.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40- Here's the register - from John Roberts' time here.
0:13:41 > 0:13:45- His name's here - John Roberts, - Meirionnydd, generosi filius.
0:13:45 > 0:13:48- That's Latin for son of a gentleman.
0:13:48 > 0:13:50- His age is shown as 19 years old.
0:13:52 > 0:13:55- In the library are the Articles.
0:13:56 > 0:14:00- It was compulsory - for students to conform with these.
0:14:02 > 0:14:05- Here's John Roberts' handwriting.
0:14:05 > 0:14:10- It's a thrill to see a saint's - name written in his own hand.
0:14:10 > 0:14:12- According to Church belief...
0:14:12 > 0:14:16- ..a saint has overcome - all temptations of the flesh...
0:14:17 > 0:14:21- ..and resides - very close to the presence of God.
0:14:21 > 0:14:25- It's a long journey - for John Roberts from here...
0:14:25 > 0:14:27- ..to becoming a Catholic hero.
0:14:27 > 0:14:32- What he does here is swear - his allegiance to Queen Elizabeth...
0:14:32 > 0:14:35- ..and to her church, - the Protestant Church.
0:14:36 > 0:14:40- What it shows is the state, - four centuries ago...
0:14:40 > 0:14:44- ..was absolutely determined - to control what went on...
0:14:44 > 0:14:46- ..in the depth of our hearts.
0:14:47 > 0:14:49- BELLS RING
0:14:53 > 0:14:57- But the authorities - have good reason to be anxious.
0:14:57 > 0:15:01- A generation earlier, - a hundred Oxford dons had fled.
0:15:02 > 0:15:05- They had wanted no part - of the new Protestant order.
0:15:10 > 0:15:14- Some went to Douai in France - and founded a new college.
0:15:14 > 0:15:19- Welshmen and Englishmen - would be trained there as priests.
0:15:19 > 0:15:24- They would return in due course - to restore Britain to Catholicism.
0:15:24 > 0:15:28- The university remains - a place of keen religious debate...
0:15:28 > 0:15:31- ..when John Roberts - arrives as a student.
0:15:31 > 0:15:35- As chance would have it, - other Welshmen are here already.
0:15:36 > 0:15:39- They're reading law - but have wider interests too.
0:15:39 > 0:15:41- I know from my own experience...
0:15:42 > 0:15:46- ..that Oxford, for someone - from a wholly Welsh background...
0:15:46 > 0:15:50- ..can be a shock - the atmosphere, - the buildings, the people.
0:15:51 > 0:15:54- Whilst frightening, - it's also exciting.
0:15:54 > 0:15:58- It helped John Roberts - make a fundamental re-assessment.
0:15:58 > 0:16:03- He does so in the company - of his young fellow countrymen.
0:16:03 > 0:16:07- Among these is a respectable - new friend, John Jones.
0:16:07 > 0:16:12- He's the nephew of the principal - of Jesus College - no danger there.
0:16:12 > 0:16:14- But John Jones holds a secret.
0:16:15 > 0:16:17- It's a dream, a plan even.
0:16:17 > 0:16:21- He'll go to the college - in Douai to train as a priest.
0:16:21 > 0:16:25- He'll return to bring back - the old faith to the old country.
0:16:25 > 0:16:30- It's an exciting plan and captures - the imagination of John Roberts.
0:16:35 > 0:16:37- But he treads carefully.
0:16:37 > 0:16:39- He decides to leave Oxford.
0:16:40 > 0:16:44- He continues his legal studies - at the Inns of Court in London.
0:16:44 > 0:16:48- The law courts in London - are full of Catholics.
0:16:48 > 0:16:51- Some say - that they're a "Hotbed of Popery."
0:16:54 > 0:16:56- There's no way of avoiding religion.
0:16:57 > 0:17:01- After pondering a while, - John Roberts hesitates no more.
0:17:03 > 0:17:08- On a visit to Paris in 1598, - he disappoints his parents.
0:17:09 > 0:17:12- Oxford, and all other plans for him, - are forsaken.
0:17:13 > 0:17:16- He becomes a member - of the Church of Rome.
0:17:16 > 0:17:21- He'd had a comfortable background - and a privileged education.
0:17:21 > 0:17:24- After Oxford, - a promising career beckoned.
0:17:24 > 0:17:27- But his heart takes him elsewhere.
0:17:27 > 0:17:32- He decides not only on Catholicism - but also to become a priest.
0:17:32 > 0:17:35- In that era, - this was not only dangerous...
0:17:36 > 0:17:38- ..but also in his case, ruinous.
0:17:51 > 0:17:56- It's impossible to train - as a Catholic priest in Britain.
0:17:59 > 0:18:04- But it's not to Douai in France, - nor to Rome, that John Roberts goes.
0:18:04 > 0:18:06- Another John gives him some advice.
0:18:07 > 0:18:13- He's John Cecil, a Welsh Catholic - influential in Parisian circles.
0:18:13 > 0:18:17- He's told to come here - to Valladolid, in northern Spain.
0:18:17 > 0:18:19- It's a far cry from Trawsfynydd.
0:18:20 > 0:18:23- And yet, John Roberts - must feel quite at home.
0:18:23 > 0:18:27- Others training with him here - are names like John Parry...
0:18:28 > 0:18:32- ..Roger Gwyn, Thomas Evans, - William Evans, John Pritchard...
0:18:33 > 0:18:35- ..and Thomas Price.
0:18:35 > 0:18:39- This is a band of Welsh brothers - who have gathered here.
0:18:39 > 0:18:44- They aim to restore Catholicism - in the old land of their fathers.
0:18:45 > 0:18:50- But some things here in Spain - must seem alien to John Roberts...
0:18:50 > 0:18:53- ..and his new friends too.
0:18:53 > 0:18:55- No, it's not the Ku Klux Klan...
0:18:55 > 0:19:00- ..even though that organization - has adapted this tradition...
0:19:00 > 0:19:02- ..for its own evil purposes.
0:19:02 > 0:19:07- The Semana Santa procession - ahead of Easter week is different.
0:19:07 > 0:19:12- To the faithful, the costume is - both demonstrative and concealing.
0:19:13 > 0:19:17- The individual hides - behind the hood - the capirote.
0:19:17 > 0:19:20- But he confesses - his sin and shame to everyone.
0:19:22 > 0:19:25- Processions like this - take place every night...
0:19:26 > 0:19:28- ..between - Palm Sunday and Good Friday.
0:19:29 > 0:19:31- It's an example - of the Catholic Church...
0:19:32 > 0:19:35- ..spreading the good news - about Jesus Christ.
0:19:36 > 0:19:41- While Protestants lay emphasis - on the Word and the sermon...
0:19:41 > 0:19:45- ..the Catholic tradition - is on the visual and physical.
0:19:48 > 0:19:52- A procession in the company - of a colourful sculpture...
0:19:52 > 0:19:56- ..deals with our basic need - to see and touch the faith.
0:19:56 > 0:19:59- We don't wish only to hear about it.
0:19:59 > 0:20:03- Lively Christian celebrations - would not have played a part...
0:20:04 > 0:20:07- ..in John Roberts's - Meirionnydd childhood...
0:20:07 > 0:20:12- ..but his grandparents would've seen - colour and noise as they worshipped.
0:20:21 > 0:20:25- After all, Wales was famed - for its mass pilgrimages...
0:20:25 > 0:20:28- ..to sacred places and holy springs.
0:20:31 > 0:20:35- Is this the religion John Roberts - dreams of restoring to Wales?
0:20:43 > 0:20:47- Being a Welshman here - is not without its difficulties.
0:20:48 > 0:20:53- This can be appreciated on a visit - to St Alban's College chapel...
0:20:53 > 0:20:56- ..where John Roberts - and his friends study.
0:20:57 > 0:21:01- Here's the most famous statue, - an image of the Virgin Mary.
0:21:01 > 0:21:04- It plays a key role - in the Semana Santa services.
0:21:04 > 0:21:09- It's called La Vulnerata, - The Wounded One.
0:21:10 > 0:21:12- The damage is not accidental.
0:21:12 > 0:21:15- English soldiers - attacked it on purpose.
0:21:16 > 0:21:19- They were raiding Cadiz port - at the time of the Armada.
0:21:20 > 0:21:23- To the Spaniards, - it was an act of sheer vandalism.
0:21:24 > 0:21:28- It showed a lack of respect - by British people to the religion.
0:21:28 > 0:21:32- On coming to this college - to study for their vocation...
0:21:33 > 0:21:37- ..as Catholic students from - England and Wales still do...
0:21:37 > 0:21:42- ..the likes of John Roberts - needed to convince the Spaniards...
0:21:43 > 0:21:45- ..that they were totally sincere.
0:21:46 > 0:21:48- Only 20 years previously...
0:21:48 > 0:21:52- ..the first students - had been arrested as English spies.
0:21:53 > 0:21:57- The college is a new institution - in John Roberts' time.
0:21:57 > 0:22:00- Fortunately, - for an ambitious student...
0:22:01 > 0:22:05- ..the resources here - compare favourably with Oxford.
0:22:07 > 0:22:11- The college's collection of rare - volumes is a veritable treasure.
0:22:12 > 0:22:14- All the learned works - of Europe are here.
0:22:16 > 0:22:19- The son of Trawsfynydd, - with his able, independent mind...
0:22:20 > 0:22:22- ..proceeds - to scour the bookshelves.
0:22:22 > 0:22:27- This library remains much - as it was in John Roberts' time.
0:22:27 > 0:22:29- Some books are older than him.
0:22:30 > 0:22:33- Here is the register book - with his signature on it.
0:22:33 > 0:22:38- A rose is later drawn in the margin, - to mark the fact of his martyrdom.
0:22:39 > 0:22:44- But John Roberts had to demonstrate - his true allegiance to the faith.
0:22:44 > 0:22:49- He does so by declaring clearly - that he is the son of gentlefolk...
0:22:49 > 0:22:53- ..who, he says, - are Catholics in their hearts.
0:22:53 > 0:22:58- Is that the truth - of the situation in Meirionnydd?
0:22:58 > 0:23:01- A public acceptance - of the new religion...
0:23:02 > 0:23:04- ..but private adherence - to the old faith?
0:23:05 > 0:23:09- Or is he describing his parents - as he would like them to be?
0:23:13 > 0:23:19- Either way, John Roberts, - from the diocese of Bangor, Wales...
0:23:20 > 0:23:22- ..was serious about his religion.
0:23:22 > 0:23:26- He states his determination - to labour in his Lord's vineyard.
0:23:34 > 0:23:36- St Alban's College - is run by the Jesuits.
0:23:37 > 0:23:41- The natural crowning glory - of his education by them....
0:23:41 > 0:23:45- ..would be his return - to Britain as a priest.
0:23:45 > 0:23:51- But despite solid Jesuit opposition - to Protestantism in Europe...
0:23:52 > 0:23:54- ..something is troubling - the young man.
0:23:57 > 0:24:02- The Jesuits have decided - that most English and Welshmen...
0:24:03 > 0:24:06- ..are beyond the reach - of the Catholic Church.
0:24:08 > 0:24:12- But here in Valladolid, - John Roberts believes differently.
0:24:12 > 0:24:18- He thinks Catholics in Britain - should expect more than just comfort
0:24:18 > 0:24:22- This is the capital city - of Spain at that time.
0:24:23 > 0:24:27- Many grand churches - surround the royal palace.
0:24:28 > 0:24:31- They state powerfully - that this is a Catholic country.
0:24:32 > 0:24:35- Across the city - is the Order of St Benedict.
0:24:35 > 0:24:40- It has a tradition of capturing - entire countries for the Pope.
0:24:41 > 0:24:45- St Augustine, a son of the Order, - brought Christianity to England.
0:24:46 > 0:24:48- The young man - now turns to that Order.
0:25:01 > 0:25:05- John Roberts wants to help - the Benedictines in Britain.
0:25:05 > 0:25:07- He wants to see a re-conversion.
0:25:07 > 0:25:12- Confirming this for us is - the evidence of a spy, Lewis Owen.
0:25:12 > 0:25:16- Lewis is also a Welsh speaker - from Meirionnydd and a Catholic.
0:25:16 > 0:25:21- Out here in Valladolid, - he gets to know John Roberts well.
0:25:21 > 0:25:24- But he's also a mole - for the authorities in London.
0:25:25 > 0:25:28- It's starting to sound - like a novel by John Le Carre.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34- The Jesuits send a report - to the Benedictines.
0:25:34 > 0:25:39- It's a highly personal, - negative report about John Roberts.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42- Why? - Is it their sincerely held opinion?
0:25:42 > 0:25:45- Or are they bluffing?
0:25:45 > 0:25:48- Are they trying - to hold on to a talented priest?
0:25:48 > 0:25:53- Do they perhaps suspect Roberts - of being the London mole?
0:25:53 > 0:25:56- This is suggested by Lewis Owen...
0:25:56 > 0:25:59- ..but remember, - he himself is the real spy.
0:25:59 > 0:26:02- It's a game, but one player shines.
0:26:02 > 0:26:06- John Roberts lays down - a challenge for the Benedictines.
0:26:07 > 0:26:10- Send me back to the Jesuits, - he suggests.
0:26:10 > 0:26:12- If they reject me, fair enough.
0:26:12 > 0:26:17- But if I'm accepted back by them, - then obviously it's all a game.
0:26:17 > 0:26:19- Of course, that's what happens.
0:26:20 > 0:26:23- Lewis Owen chronicles it all - in his best English.
0:26:23 > 0:26:28- "The Jesuits, perceiving how - they had been deceived by Roberts...
0:26:28 > 0:26:30- "..never after spoke of him."
0:26:38 > 0:26:40- It happens in all spy novels.
0:26:41 > 0:26:45- There'll be a plucky female - who's something of an enigma.
0:26:46 > 0:26:50- In this case, there's - no hint of a romantic liaison.
0:26:50 > 0:26:54- However, John Roberts - chances upon such a lady.
0:26:54 > 0:26:57- Dona Luisa de Carvajal.
0:26:57 > 0:27:00- Dona Luisa is a noble lady.
0:27:00 > 0:27:05- But here in Spain, she performs - simple favours for John Roberts.
0:27:05 > 0:27:08- She prepares and cooks - tasty meals for him.
0:27:08 > 0:27:11- And she shares a vision with him.
0:27:11 > 0:27:15- She would also like to convert - his land back to the old faith.
0:27:16 > 0:27:20- She will play an important role - at the end of his story...
0:27:20 > 0:27:23- ..when John Roberts - returns to London.
0:27:23 > 0:27:28- John Roberts now begins - to turn his thoughts to Britain.
0:27:28 > 0:27:31- His Benedictine training - is drawing to a close.
0:27:31 > 0:27:37- He's Brother John of Meirionnydd - and knows there's hard work ahead.
0:27:47 > 0:27:51- There's a whirl of activity - in the Semana Santa at Easter.
0:27:51 > 0:27:53- It's an exciting event.
0:27:54 > 0:27:58- But to every Catholic, - mass is central to the faith.
0:27:58 > 0:28:02- It's where we meet Jesus, - in the bread and wine.
0:28:02 > 0:28:05- But to celebrate mass - there must be a priest.
0:28:11 > 0:28:16- It's essential that a priest - like John Roberts goes to Britain.
0:28:16 > 0:28:21- His service is needed, - regardless of any personal danger.
0:28:21 > 0:28:24- There can be no return - out in the open.
0:28:24 > 0:28:26- Every port is watched by London.
0:28:27 > 0:28:29- London listens to each whisper.
0:28:29 > 0:28:34- Careful planning is needed - and it must all be top secret.
0:28:38 > 0:28:43- The arrangements are made - by the Parisian contact, John Cecil.
0:28:43 > 0:28:47- He had guided John Roberts - to Valladolid initially.
0:28:52 > 0:28:54- At last, everything is ready.
0:28:54 > 0:28:58- A sea captain in Calais - will take him across the Channel.
0:28:59 > 0:29:03- John Roberts is ready to travel, - to slip back into Britain.
0:29:05 > 0:29:08- The Great Mission is about to begin.
0:29:10 > 0:29:13- To an extent, - just like the faithful here...
0:29:13 > 0:29:18- ..John Roberts disguises himself, - in order to serve his faith better.
0:29:18 > 0:29:23- But the voyage has barely - commenced, when he senses danger.
0:29:23 > 0:29:26- Someone on board the ship - knows his true identity.
0:29:27 > 0:29:29- Is the game up before it's started?
0:29:29 > 0:29:34- Or can John Roberts outfox - the world's most wily secret police?
0:29:44 > 0:29:44- .
0:29:47 > 0:29:47- 888
0:29:47 > 0:29:49- 888- - 888
0:29:51 > 0:29:54- Difficult questions arise tonight...
0:29:54 > 0:29:59- ..for the security services, - the police and the British navy.
0:29:59 > 0:30:03- How come a man described to me - as a dangerous agent provocateur...
0:30:04 > 0:30:08- ..and a religious extremist, - has escaped from under their noses?
0:30:08 > 0:30:12- They had after all - been watching this man for months.
0:30:12 > 0:30:16- A government spokesman - has told me that he's confident...
0:30:17 > 0:30:21- ..that this man will be - apprehended in the next few days.
0:30:21 > 0:30:24- There are strict security measures - in force.
0:30:24 > 0:30:27- The message is to be on your guard.
0:30:28 > 0:30:32- The year is 1603.
0:30:32 > 0:30:35- John Roberts, - Brother John of Meirionnydd...
0:30:35 > 0:30:39- ..is on a secret sea voyage - from France back to Britain.
0:30:39 > 0:30:44- It's been arranged by one known - to him since he became a Catholic.
0:30:44 > 0:30:47- John Cecil is the fixer in Paris.
0:30:47 > 0:30:51- He's smuggling Catholic priests - across the Channel...
0:30:51 > 0:30:55- ..to serve native Catholics - in Wales and England.
0:30:55 > 0:30:59- John Roberts is anxious. - It's a dangerous mission.
0:30:59 > 0:31:01- On boarding ship in Calais...
0:31:02 > 0:31:07- ..he starts to sense - he's not the only one in disguise.
0:31:09 > 0:31:13- But it's now too late to do - anything but to rely upon...
0:31:13 > 0:31:17- ..the plan formulated - for him by his old ally in Paris.
0:31:20 > 0:31:24- John Roberts didn't realize - that John Cecil was a double agent.
0:31:24 > 0:31:29- He was a spy, who had warned - the authorities of the plan.
0:31:29 > 0:31:35- This becomes apparent to him at sea. - John Roberts smells a rat.
0:31:35 > 0:31:39- He realizes that, once ashore, - he's likely to be arrested.
0:31:39 > 0:31:44- He needs to make an important - snap decision before docking.
0:31:47 > 0:31:51- In the early hours, - with most on board asleep...
0:31:51 > 0:31:56- ...Brother John persuades - the captain to drop a rowing boat...
0:31:56 > 0:32:01- ..into the cold Channel waters, - just off the coast of Kent.
0:32:01 > 0:32:03- It's a bold and courageous move.
0:32:03 > 0:32:08- He escapes adventurously - from under the noses of the police.
0:32:10 > 0:32:13- Next day, of course, - the captain denies all.
0:32:13 > 0:32:18- He insists that, in the darkness, - a man must have fallen overboard.
0:32:19 > 0:32:22- This is a temporary reprieve - for John Roberts.
0:32:23 > 0:32:27- The reality is that he's chosen - to return to London at a bad time.
0:32:27 > 0:32:32- Elizabeth is on her death bed - and who'll succeed her is unclear.
0:32:32 > 0:32:36- Catholics face an uncertain fate - under the new monarch.
0:32:38 > 0:32:42- John Roberts hastens to visit - the prisons of London.
0:32:42 > 0:32:47- He's sure to meet - many prominent Catholics there.
0:32:47 > 0:32:50- Cecil and his gang know that too.
0:32:50 > 0:32:52- Roberts is very soon arrested.
0:32:53 > 0:32:56- But the new monarch, - King James, declares an amnesty.
0:32:57 > 0:33:01- John Roberts is merely exiled, - across the Channel to Calais.
0:33:01 > 0:33:03- He's soon in London again.
0:33:03 > 0:33:07- Fearlessly, he cares for the sick - as the Plague strikes.
0:33:08 > 0:33:11- He's well known - to the authorities by now.
0:33:11 > 0:33:15- But his youthful looks allow him - to escape on one occasion.
0:33:15 > 0:33:20- The Crown officers can't believe - they've captured the criminal.
0:33:21 > 0:33:24- "This cannot be Mr Roberts, - the notorious Benedictine monk."
0:33:25 > 0:33:26- Those were their words.
0:33:26 > 0:33:29- He gets away this time.
0:33:30 > 0:33:34- In general, however, the grip - tightens on Catholic lives.
0:33:34 > 0:33:39- James I, through the Parliament - in Westminster...
0:33:39 > 0:33:42- ..uses the full force - of the law against them.
0:33:42 > 0:33:44- It's a time of crisis.
0:33:46 > 0:33:49- A group of stalwarts decides - that it's time for action.
0:33:50 > 0:33:53- Catholics can't go about - their daily business...
0:33:54 > 0:33:56- ..let alone practise their religion.
0:33:57 > 0:34:00- They believe the faith - can only survive by a revolution.
0:34:01 > 0:34:06- The plotters insist on targeting - the very heart of the state...
0:34:07 > 0:34:09- ..despite the police's eagle eye.
0:34:09 > 0:34:14- They'll take action against the King - and his Protestant Parliament...
0:34:15 > 0:34:18- ..in the most explosive - manner imaginable.
0:34:19 > 0:34:22- We still remember the name - of one of the plotters.
0:34:22 > 0:34:23- Guy Fawkes.
0:34:24 > 0:34:26- The plot failed, as we know.
0:34:27 > 0:34:31- But on Guy Fawkes' night itself, - the fifth of November, 1605...
0:34:31 > 0:34:36- ..John Roberts is arrested in - Holborn, at the home of a Mrs Percy.
0:34:36 > 0:34:40- She's the wife of one - of Guy Fawkes's fellow plotters.
0:34:40 > 0:34:43- It's most unfortunate - for John Roberts.
0:34:43 > 0:34:46- Any wise man - who knew of the plot...
0:34:46 > 0:34:49- ..would have kept clear - of Mrs Percy that night.
0:34:50 > 0:34:53- BIG BEN CHIMES
0:34:54 > 0:34:58- Miraculously, - the record of arrest still exists.
0:34:58 > 0:35:00- It's extremely interesting.
0:35:01 > 0:35:05- By all accounts, John Roberts - arrived wearing riding boots.
0:35:05 > 0:35:08- With him were two other Welshmen.
0:35:08 > 0:35:11- One was John Evans, - the other was an innkeeper.
0:35:11 > 0:35:14- "The host of the Swan of Abersoch."
0:35:14 > 0:35:19- Maybe he'd planned to celebrate - a Welsh mass for London Catholics.
0:35:20 > 0:35:22- BIG BEN CHIMES
0:35:22 > 0:35:28- The faithful few are now - under more scrutiny than ever...
0:35:28 > 0:35:30- ..by government inspectors.
0:35:30 > 0:35:35- Priests, including John Roberts, - are imprisoned and then deported.
0:35:37 > 0:35:40- John Roberts returns again in 1607.
0:35:40 > 0:35:45- He's arrested, but refuses - to swear the oath of allegiance.
0:35:45 > 0:35:49- For that reason, he's thrown - into the Gatehouse Prison.
0:35:49 > 0:35:53- Its location was here, - very close to Westminster Abbey.
0:35:54 > 0:35:57- It was a dark and horrific place.
0:35:59 > 0:36:02- His spirits must have been low...
0:36:02 > 0:36:06- ..as he reflected - on its notoriously cruel reputation.
0:36:06 > 0:36:10- Inventively though, - he hatched an escape plan.
0:36:10 > 0:36:13- He was more like - James Bond than a saint!
0:36:14 > 0:36:15- FRENCH ACCORDION MUSIC
0:36:17 > 0:36:19- He manages to flee to France.
0:36:19 > 0:36:22- He'd broken through his cell bars.
0:36:22 > 0:36:26- There, in Douai, under much more - pleasant surroundings...
0:36:27 > 0:36:31- ..he establishes - a dedicated Benedictine college.
0:36:31 > 0:36:34- His old Oxford friend, - John Jones, is there to help.
0:36:37 > 0:36:41- The dream started by the two - Welshmen at St John's College...
0:36:42 > 0:36:44- ..is realized at long last.
0:36:46 > 0:36:50- France has fed us, - body and soul, through the ages.
0:36:50 > 0:36:54- In John Roberts's day, - Douai becomes an important centre.
0:36:54 > 0:36:57- It trains and exports priests.
0:36:58 > 0:37:02- But it's also in France - that a ruinous blow is struck...
0:37:02 > 0:37:06- ..for Catholics in Britain, - and it's caused by a mad monk.
0:37:06 > 0:37:11- He murders the King of France, - which scares James I.
0:37:11 > 0:37:14- He fears the same thing - could happen in London.
0:37:14 > 0:37:17- All Catholics are ordered - to leave, in a month.
0:37:19 > 0:37:23- But in 1610, the Plague - reappears in London.
0:37:23 > 0:37:27- John Roberts knows for certain - that England's secret police...
0:37:28 > 0:37:30- ..are set to capture and kill him...
0:37:30 > 0:37:35- ..nobody can stop him from leaving - the security of his college...
0:37:35 > 0:37:37- ..for the final time.
0:37:39 > 0:37:42- John Roberts has a fearful dilemma.
0:37:42 > 0:37:46- It's obvious if he stays in London, - he'll endanger his life.
0:37:46 > 0:37:48- He doesn't worry about that.
0:37:49 > 0:37:52- And yet choosing to die - is against Catholic belief.
0:37:52 > 0:37:55- It's a sin, - and John Roberts knows this.
0:37:55 > 0:37:59- But if death's inevitable - in the name of the faith...
0:37:59 > 0:38:02- ..that would be martyrdom, - a hard choice.
0:38:02 > 0:38:06- There's little time left, - and the end is near.
0:38:08 > 0:38:12- On the second of December, - John Roberts is with Mrs Percy.
0:38:12 > 0:38:14- We know what happens next.
0:38:14 > 0:38:18- A special police unit - swooped to arrest this man.
0:38:18 > 0:38:22- They've described him - as a dangerous religious extremist.
0:38:22 > 0:38:26- He's a man whose aim was - to undermine our way of life.
0:38:26 > 0:38:30- His allegiance - is to a foreign power and faith.
0:38:31 > 0:38:35- This time, even though - his fellow prisoners are so bold...
0:38:35 > 0:38:38- ..as to make a hole - in his cell wall...
0:38:38 > 0:38:40- ..he does not make his escape.
0:38:40 > 0:38:44- Has he had enough - of his fugitive life?
0:38:44 > 0:38:47- Certainly, - it's been a huge strain on him.
0:38:48 > 0:38:51- There's also evidence - that he isn't well.
0:38:51 > 0:38:53- Or was John Roberts - being tempted....
0:38:53 > 0:38:57- ..by notions - of sacrifice and immortality?
0:38:57 > 0:39:00- There was now - no turning back, for sure.
0:39:00 > 0:39:02- The final test is about to commence.
0:39:02 > 0:39:03- .
0:39:05 > 0:39:05- 888
0:39:05 > 0:39:07- 888- - 888
0:39:08 > 0:39:11- There's been - a sensational development.
0:39:12 > 0:39:15- It happened at the start - of this long awaited hearing.
0:39:16 > 0:39:19- The Defendant is accused - of conspiracy and treason.
0:39:20 > 0:39:23- It's claimed he's - a dangerous religious extremist.
0:39:24 > 0:39:29- The judge had just arrived, - and the prosecutor was challenged...
0:39:29 > 0:39:32- ..to prove that - the correct man was in the dock.
0:39:32 > 0:39:35- Plainly, this man knows the law.
0:39:35 > 0:39:38- The session - had to be adjourned immediately.
0:39:38 > 0:39:42- The Lord Chief Justice - is now consulting with other judges.
0:39:43 > 0:39:46- They're among - the most experienced in the land.
0:39:46 > 0:39:48- A ruling needs to be made.
0:39:48 > 0:39:52- This will be a highly complex - but very interesting case.
0:39:52 > 0:39:54- The hearing continues.
0:39:55 > 0:40:01- It's an intellectual contest - between the Lord Chief Justice...
0:40:01 > 0:40:03- ..and a former law student.
0:40:03 > 0:40:07- Both argue fiercely in Court, - as they face each other.
0:40:07 > 0:40:10- The Defendant opens on the attack.
0:40:10 > 0:40:13- Say what you will, but don't lie.
0:40:13 > 0:40:17- Far better had you stayed - in your church or palace.
0:40:17 > 0:40:19- Be with your fellow priests...
0:40:20 > 0:40:24- ..and not here deciding - who's to live and who's to die.
0:40:24 > 0:40:27- By law, this is a balanced hearing.
0:40:27 > 0:40:30- Examination and cross-examination.
0:40:30 > 0:40:34- The authorities need to show - their willingness to debate.
0:40:34 > 0:40:38- A strong element - of political theatre also prevailed.
0:40:39 > 0:40:43- In that context, - John Roberts performed admirably.
0:40:43 > 0:40:49- With his life at stake, and under - gruelling cross-examination...
0:40:49 > 0:40:53- ..he responded - astutely and charismatically.
0:40:53 > 0:40:56- We have the original transcript.
0:40:57 > 0:41:01- John Roberts refuses - to swear allegiance to the King...
0:41:01 > 0:41:03- ..as the head of the Church.
0:41:04 > 0:41:08- The Defendant argues he's loyal - to his faith and his country.
0:41:08 > 0:41:10- The law as it stands...
0:41:10 > 0:41:14- ..being a Catholic priest - is itself treason.
0:41:15 > 0:41:18- To John Roberts, - this is totally unjust.
0:41:18 > 0:41:22- To show the Crown's real agenda...
0:41:22 > 0:41:27- ..he no longer insists on proof - that a priest is in the dock.
0:41:27 > 0:41:31- My Lord, - I see clearly what you want.
0:41:31 > 0:41:33- I want your wish to be realized.
0:41:33 > 0:41:37- I'm a priest, a simple monk - from the Order of St Benedict.
0:41:37 > 0:41:41- If you wish to take advantage - of that, do so by all means.
0:41:41 > 0:41:43- Feel free to do as you wish.
0:41:44 > 0:41:48- The prosecution alleges - that a priest's work is deceit.
0:41:48 > 0:41:52- John Roberts cites the name of - the founder of the English Church.
0:41:52 > 0:41:58- If I am deceitful, my Lord, - it follows that all our ancestors...
0:41:58 > 0:42:01- ..were deceived - by the blessed St Augustine.
0:42:02 > 0:42:04- He converted all these countries.
0:42:04 > 0:42:07- It's the same faith - that I now proclaim.
0:42:07 > 0:42:12- With Augustine and John Roberts - both being of the Benedictines...
0:42:13 > 0:42:15- ..it's hard to resist his argument.
0:42:15 > 0:42:20- The Bishop of London, who also sits - on the bench, tries to silence him.
0:42:20 > 0:42:25- I insist on speaking, I insist, - as my mission is from Heaven.
0:42:25 > 0:42:30- Matthew states, "Go and make - disciples of all the nations.
0:42:30 > 0:42:35- "Baptize them and teach them to - abide by the Lord's commands."
0:42:35 > 0:42:40- Your ministers don't do that - by their lives or their acts.
0:42:40 > 0:42:43- They don't obey God's commands.
0:42:43 > 0:42:45- That is what I am doing.
0:42:45 > 0:42:49- I teach princes too, - to be obedient to His commands...
0:42:49 > 0:42:51- ..and reject Luther's falsehoods.
0:42:52 > 0:42:56- Such plain and eloquent talk - is too much for those on the bench.
0:42:56 > 0:43:00- Only one verdict is now possible.
0:43:00 > 0:43:03- John Roberts understands perfectly.
0:43:04 > 0:43:06- He takes pity on the jury members.
0:43:06 > 0:43:11- He asks the Judge very kindly - to release them from their duties.
0:43:11 > 0:43:15- They needn't feel responsible - for taking his life.
0:43:15 > 0:43:18- I have accomplished - what was in my power to do.
0:43:19 > 0:43:24- It was little, only an attempt - to rescue this country from heresy.
0:43:24 > 0:43:28- It's now a matter for you, my Lord, - to decide if that is treason.
0:43:29 > 0:43:31- The verdict?
0:43:32 > 0:43:33- Guilty.
0:43:35 > 0:43:38- The sentence? Death.
0:43:39 > 0:43:42- The Defendant's reaction?
0:43:43 > 0:43:45- Blessed certainty.
0:43:45 > 0:43:47- If I had ten thousand lives...
0:43:48 > 0:43:51- ..and each one more dear - to me than the one I have...
0:43:51 > 0:43:56- ..I would give them all up - for this cause.
0:43:56 > 0:43:58- SACRED CHORAL MUSIC
0:44:05 > 0:44:10- The end is coming. There's no - unexpected escape this time.
0:44:10 > 0:44:13- But a comforting miracle - of sorts occurs.
0:44:14 > 0:44:16- The news spreads fast.
0:44:16 > 0:44:20- His old friend from Spain, - Dona Luisa, rushes to the prison...
0:44:20 > 0:44:23- ..on the eve of his execution.
0:44:26 > 0:44:28- She persuades the guard - to allow her in...
0:44:29 > 0:44:33- ..and to let her prepare - a last supper for John Roberts.
0:44:33 > 0:44:36- They talk of better days - spent in Valladolid.
0:44:36 > 0:44:40- The food's tasty, - and Brother John is in good heart...
0:44:40 > 0:44:43- ..as he nears his journey's end.
0:44:43 > 0:44:48- After his death, Dona Luisa will - send the martyr's remains to Europe.
0:44:48 > 0:44:53- They'll be holy relics, inspiring - Catholics for centuries to come.
0:44:58 > 0:45:02- Before then, at daybreak, - the gallows must be faced.
0:45:03 > 0:45:07- There's no shame for him here.
0:45:07 > 0:45:12- The Crown tries to suggest so, - by hanging ordinary convicts too.
0:45:13 > 0:45:19- John Roberts worries about being - a fitting witness to his faith.
0:45:21 > 0:45:24- Would the agony - of hanging, drawing, quartering...
0:45:24 > 0:45:27- ..and pain after pain after pain...
0:45:27 > 0:45:30- ..eventually be too much - even for his faith?
0:45:34 > 0:45:38- Much blood has been shed - in this city over the centuries.
0:45:39 > 0:45:43- On that cold, misty morning, - as John Roberts faces the gallows...
0:45:44 > 0:45:47- ..a small crowd gathers - to watch the show.
0:45:47 > 0:45:51- The intention is to execute him - along with 16 Protestants.
0:45:51 > 0:45:54- Even in this horrific situation...
0:45:54 > 0:45:58- ..he succeeds in persuading - one man to go back to the old faith.
0:45:58 > 0:46:01- After that, he turns to the crowd.
0:46:01 > 0:46:06- He insists to them that treason - is not the reason for his death.
0:46:06 > 0:46:11- It's simply for being a Benedictine - priest, just as St Augustine was.
0:46:12 > 0:46:15- His last words were - "One God, one faith.
0:46:15 > 0:46:18- "Without that faith, - God cannot be pleased."
0:46:19 > 0:46:22- And, at last, the end has come.
0:46:23 > 0:46:27- The crowd by now - is very supportive of John Roberts.
0:46:27 > 0:46:30- The Sheriff issues - an order to his officers.
0:46:31 > 0:46:35- They are not to cut his body - in pieces until satisfied...
0:46:35 > 0:46:38- ..that his soul has departed - to a better place.
0:46:38 > 0:46:43- As is customary, the executioner - shouts "God Save the King."
0:46:43 > 0:46:45- Hardly anyone responds "Amen".
0:46:46 > 0:46:48- SACRED CHORAL MUSIC
0:47:08 > 0:47:12- John Roberts's body was never - returned to his homeland.
0:47:12 > 0:47:16- The Martyr of Meirionnydd - is still remembered in our time...
0:47:16 > 0:47:18- ..both locally and nationally.
0:47:20 > 0:47:26- In 1970, after careful reflection, - the Church issues a statement.
0:47:26 > 0:47:29- John Roberts - is canonized as a saint.
0:47:29 > 0:47:33- This year, he'll be commemorated - in Wales, England and abroad.
0:47:34 > 0:47:37- It's the 400th anniversary - of his martyrdom.
0:47:37 > 0:47:42- In Meirionnydd, a saint's trail - for visitors is now established.
0:47:42 > 0:47:44- He didn't live to see...
0:47:45 > 0:47:47- ..the end of the year 1610.
0:47:47 > 0:47:51- But here in Rhiw Goch, - under Crown patronage...
0:47:51 > 0:47:53- ..his rich cousin Robert Lloyd...
0:47:54 > 0:47:57- ..had extended his luxury mansion.
0:47:58 > 0:48:01- He seemed certain - of his own place in history.
0:48:02 > 0:48:04- He inscribed the date for posterity.
0:48:04 > 0:48:06- He's still remembered now...
0:48:06 > 0:48:08- ..because of his cousin.
0:48:10 > 0:48:13- The urge to become famous - is not uncommon.
0:48:13 > 0:48:17- Contemporary celebs - become famous overnight...
0:48:17 > 0:48:19- ..with little real substance.
0:48:19 > 0:48:23- For others, it's recognition - for achieving a great feat.
0:48:24 > 0:48:27- It may reflect - a heroic strength of personality.
0:48:27 > 0:48:29- But martyrdom is very unusual.
0:48:30 > 0:48:32- There's no recognition - for the martyr.
0:48:33 > 0:48:36- He's no longer in this world - to acknowledge it.
0:48:36 > 0:48:38- His goal is everlasting life.
0:48:38 > 0:48:42- We're left asking ourselves - a fundamental question.
0:48:43 > 0:48:46- Is there anything - in life worth dying for?
0:48:46 > 0:48:49- If there isn't, - what is the value of life itself?
0:49:20 > 0:49:23- S4C Subtitles by Simian 04 Cyf.
0:49:23 > 0:49:23- .