0:00:00 > 0:00:00- Subtitles
0:00:00 > 0:00:02- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:00:10 > 0:00:14- I'd never thought - about the impact water can have...
0:00:15 > 0:00:17- ..on those less fortunate than us.
0:00:17 > 0:00:23- It was an experience for me - to visit Ethiopia for four days...
0:00:23 > 0:00:26- ..to write an album - inspired by water.
0:00:26 > 0:00:31- For the next hour, come and visit - this incredible country with me...
0:00:31 > 0:00:34- ..and hear music from my new album.
0:00:41 > 0:00:43- When I sit down to write music...
0:00:44 > 0:00:49- ..I'm inspired by the world - around me - events and experiences.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53- The sea has enchanted me - since my childhood.
0:00:53 > 0:00:57- It influenced the culture - of the West Wales coast...
0:00:57 > 0:00:59- ..where I was raised.
0:00:59 > 0:01:03- It was my inspiration - when I composed the album Tides.
0:01:23 > 0:01:26- We have so much water in Wales.
0:01:26 > 0:01:31- At the same time, a shortage of - water tears other communities apart.
0:01:32 > 0:01:33- We take water for granted...
0:01:34 > 0:01:37- ..but a lack of clean water - can have cruel consequences.
0:01:42 > 0:01:45- This is why I embarked on a journey - to see for myself...
0:01:46 > 0:01:50- ..the effect this shortage has - on a country such as Ethiopia.
0:01:54 > 0:01:58- Sometimes, a small idea - can grow into a project.
0:01:58 > 0:02:00- Unexpected opportunities arise.
0:02:00 > 0:02:03- After flying 4,000 miles - with my harp...
0:02:03 > 0:02:06- ..to a country - without a coastline...
0:02:06 > 0:02:10- ..the experience changes - one's perspective on life...
0:02:10 > 0:02:13- ..and this trip certainly - made its mark on me.
0:02:17 > 0:02:22- Ethiopia is a very - spiritual country.
0:02:22 > 0:02:25- I heard Eastern African music...
0:02:25 > 0:02:29- ..and learnt about - this country's ancient traditions.
0:02:30 > 0:02:35- I was greeted with songs and dancing - from schoolchildren.
0:02:35 > 0:02:40- It gave me the chance to share - some of my music with them...
0:02:40 > 0:02:44- ..an audience who had never before - seen or heard a harp.
0:02:51 > 0:02:56- I also visited - rural and urban communities...
0:02:57 > 0:03:00- ..and remote and unfamiliar places.
0:03:06 > 0:03:10- I also shared a stage - with Abu Alemayehu Fanta...
0:03:10 > 0:03:13- ..a traditional musician - from Addis Ababa.
0:03:20 > 0:03:23- I experienced for myself - how water and hygiene...
0:03:24 > 0:03:27- ..shape the lives - of millions of people every day.
0:03:41 > 0:03:45- My first stop was - the WaterAid office in Addis Ababa.
0:03:45 > 0:03:48- I met the team - who work across Ethiopia.
0:03:49 > 0:03:55- I prepared and learnt about the - people and situations I'd encounter.
0:04:06 > 0:04:10- The sun is rising - in the Amhara region of Ethiopia.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13- I'm here with the WaterAid charity.
0:04:13 > 0:04:17- We're on our way to a community - that has no water or toilets...
0:04:17 > 0:04:20- ..to discover more - about their everyday lives.
0:04:22 > 0:04:24- Nice to meet you. Hello, hello.
0:04:25 > 0:04:27- Thank you for welcoming me.
0:04:34 > 0:04:37- Sarawak and her family - have lived here for 20 years.
0:04:38 > 0:04:39- She has five children.
0:04:43 > 0:04:48- She told me she fetched water - from a nearby stream...
0:04:48 > 0:04:51- ..and carried it on her back - down a steep path...
0:04:52 > 0:04:54- ..over 10 minutes from her home.
0:04:54 > 0:04:56- This she did four times a day.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00- Sometimes, she waits her turn...
0:05:00 > 0:05:03- ..because there are 20 people - ahead of her.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06- During the dry season, - water levels decrease...
0:05:07 > 0:05:09- ..and there's less water - in the river.
0:05:12 > 0:05:16- The local community use the stream's - water to cook, clean and wash.
0:05:17 > 0:05:21- The water could be polluted - and her family could become ill.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25- Since it is the only - local water source...
0:05:25 > 0:05:29- ..the family has no other option - if it wants water.
0:05:42 > 0:05:44- This is the water she collects.
0:05:44 > 0:05:48- As you can see, it's dirty, - almost brown in colour.
0:05:48 > 0:05:52- I've found two leeches in the water - since I've been here.
0:05:52 > 0:05:54- There's one of them.
0:05:54 > 0:05:59- This is the water she carries back - to her children, her family.
0:06:00 > 0:06:02- They drink this water every day.
0:06:02 > 0:06:07- I just can't imagine taking this - water back to my children to drink.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11- It's hard to believe - they must live on this water.
0:06:24 > 0:06:26- This is the family toilet.
0:06:27 > 0:06:30- A wooden shack with a roof.
0:06:30 > 0:06:33- It's just a hole in the ground.
0:06:33 > 0:06:37- It's not clean, it's not nice.
0:06:37 > 0:06:39- There's no lights.
0:06:39 > 0:06:42- They store their food - right next-door.
0:06:42 > 0:06:45- It's not an ideal situation.
0:06:53 > 0:06:58- When the children become ill, - at least three times a year...
0:06:58 > 0:07:01- ..they visit the family doctor - over a mile away.
0:07:01 > 0:07:05- Sarawak feels sad when she - thinks about other villages...
0:07:06 > 0:07:07- ..which have water.
0:07:07 > 0:07:12- She prays to God that one day - they will have a clean water supply.
0:07:15 > 0:07:18- Whilst writing this piece, - Drifting...
0:07:18 > 0:07:22- ..I imagined a small stream - similar to Sarawak's...
0:07:22 > 0:07:26- ..and thought about the journey - that drop of water takes.
0:11:29 > 0:11:29- .
0:12:08 > 0:12:08- Subtitles
0:12:08 > 0:12:10- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:12:17 > 0:12:19- This is the Amhara region - of Ethiopia.
0:12:20 > 0:12:24- We're visiting a community - which has no water and no toilets...
0:12:24 > 0:12:28- ..to see the reality - of everyday life for these people.
0:12:34 > 0:12:36- This is the second day - of my visit to Ethiopia.
0:12:37 > 0:12:41- My first stop is Basi primary school - in the Amhara region.
0:12:41 > 0:12:45- This is the traditional dance - to welcome guests.
0:12:46 > 0:12:50- I was welcomed - by the school's headmaster...
0:12:50 > 0:12:52- ..and met some of the pupils.
0:12:54 > 0:12:56- Thank you.
0:12:59 > 0:13:01- I would love to see them.
0:13:03 > 0:13:06- The children dance to the sound - of the masenqo...
0:13:06 > 0:13:09- ..a traditional - Ethiopian instrument.
0:13:09 > 0:13:13- The azmaris, a minstrel, - comes from the Amhara region.
0:13:13 > 0:13:17- He uses the masenqo as - an accompaniment to his own voice.
0:13:25 > 0:13:29- Even though there's only - one dance for the masenqo...
0:13:29 > 0:13:32- ..mastering it requires great skill.
0:13:32 > 0:13:35- The rhythm sustains the dance - so naturally.
0:13:35 > 0:13:37- I decide to join in.
0:14:11 > 0:14:14- My harp was flown - over 4,000 miles...
0:14:14 > 0:14:17- ..and driven for 100 miles - on rural roads...
0:14:18 > 0:14:22- ..before being carried out of - the car and across the schoolyard.
0:14:25 > 0:14:29- A child's life here differs greatly - to a child's life in Wales.
0:14:30 > 0:14:33- These boys can't wait - to see the harp unpacked.
0:14:36 > 0:14:40- It was good to see it in one piece - after the long journey.
0:14:46 > 0:14:48- The blue harp - was attracting attention.
0:14:49 > 0:14:52- After all the travelling, - I attempted to tune it.
0:14:52 > 0:14:56- They asked me to teach them - a simple Welsh tune.
0:15:00 > 0:15:03- # Good morning
0:15:03 > 0:15:06- # Good morning
0:15:06 > 0:15:08- # How are you?
0:15:08 > 0:15:09- # How are you?
0:15:09 > 0:15:12- # OK, thank you
0:15:13 > 0:15:15- # OK, thank you
0:15:15 > 0:15:17- # Good morning
0:15:17 > 0:15:19- # Good morning
0:15:21 > 0:15:22- # Good morning
0:15:23 > 0:15:25- # Good morning
0:15:25 > 0:15:27- # How are you?
0:15:27 > 0:15:30- # How are you?
0:15:30 > 0:15:32- # OK, thank you
0:15:32 > 0:15:34- # OK, thank you
0:15:34 > 0:15:36- # Good morning
0:15:37 > 0:15:38- # Good morning #
0:15:44 > 0:15:46- Good singing.
0:15:58 > 0:16:02- The unfortunate reality - is that most Ethiopian schools...
0:16:02 > 0:16:04- ..have no toilets.
0:16:10 > 0:16:14- I was shocked to see - the facilities that were here...
0:16:14 > 0:16:16- ..before the charity's involvement.
0:16:24 > 0:16:28- The toilets were here - it's a hole - in the ground, three metres deep.
0:16:28 > 0:16:32- It's so dangerous. - This is what the children used.
0:16:32 > 0:16:36- A teacher fell in and she was taken - straight to hospital.
0:16:36 > 0:16:39- She was very ill.
0:16:39 > 0:16:43- They've built two toilet blocks, - one male, one female.
0:16:43 > 0:16:46- The children can now use a toilet - with a modicum of dignity.
0:16:47 > 0:16:48- They can wash their hands...
0:16:49 > 0:16:53- ..and concentrate on what's - important at school - education.
0:16:55 > 0:17:00- Thanks to the charity's work, - this Ethiopian school...
0:17:00 > 0:17:03- ..has water taps - and working toilets.
0:17:05 > 0:17:07- For you - - this is just for the girls in here.
0:17:08 > 0:17:13- I spoke to schoolgirls and they - were happy with their new toilets.
0:17:13 > 0:17:16- The previous toilets had no doors.
0:17:16 > 0:17:21- The girls preferred to use hedges - to hide from the boys.
0:17:23 > 0:17:28- There was no running water - in the school for personal hygiene.
0:17:29 > 0:17:32- Most children don't have - running water at home...
0:17:32 > 0:17:36- ..and there are no toilets - in the communities.
0:17:36 > 0:17:40- Do either of you have a toilet - like this at home?
0:17:42 > 0:17:44- No.
0:17:44 > 0:17:46- It's better to come to school.
0:18:01 > 0:18:05- The singing was about how - to keep their hygiene sanitation.
0:18:11 > 0:18:15- Do you sing a lot about - hygiene and sanitation?
0:18:15 > 0:18:19- Do you create a lot of songs - to help the students learn?
0:18:19 > 0:18:23- Yes. For example, - as a school director...
0:18:23 > 0:18:27- ..I helped the children - practise their poems.
0:18:29 > 0:18:32- It's about hygiene and sanitation.
0:18:32 > 0:18:38- As a result, we have improved - their hygiene and sanitation.
0:18:40 > 0:18:45- How long ago did this school - receive the latrines?
0:18:45 > 0:18:47- Last year.
0:18:49 > 0:18:52- There is one for the girls - and one for the boys. Separate.
0:18:52 > 0:18:55- It's separated, - for females and for males.
0:18:55 > 0:18:59- Do these children - that come to the school...
0:18:59 > 0:19:02- ..do they all have access - to safe, clean water?
0:19:02 > 0:19:04- Yes.
0:19:04 > 0:19:06- There's water here...
0:19:06 > 0:19:08- In the school.
0:19:09 > 0:19:13- And they use it, - when they come to school.
0:19:13 > 0:19:15- They use it...
0:19:15 > 0:19:18- To keep clean.
0:19:50 > 0:19:51- Nearly.
0:19:52 > 0:19:54- Thank you.
0:25:04 > 0:25:07- In Part 3, a cookery lesson.
0:25:07 > 0:25:12- An incredible project - - a biomass cafe run by women...
0:25:12 > 0:25:14- ..in the Addis Ababa slums.
0:25:18 > 0:25:18- .
0:25:27 > 0:25:27- Subtitles
0:25:27 > 0:25:29- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:25:35 > 0:25:38- Addis Ababa, - Ethiopia's capital city.
0:25:38 > 0:25:42- It means new flower - in the Amharic language.
0:25:42 > 0:25:47- Like many African cities, it's a - city that's growing and spreading...
0:25:48 > 0:25:51- ..with a population - of over 3m people.
0:25:51 > 0:25:55- It's considered the political - capital city of Africa...
0:25:55 > 0:25:59- ..but I'm here to see - another side to its growth.
0:25:59 > 0:26:03- It's difficult to provide basic - facilities in parts of the city.
0:26:05 > 0:26:08- This is a local wash centre - in Addis Ababa.
0:26:08 > 0:26:10- It was funded by WaterAid.
0:26:10 > 0:26:13- It's a cafe, but more importantly, - a bio-fuel cafe.
0:26:14 > 0:26:16- Let's find out how it works.
0:26:19 > 0:26:22- This is an example - of a successful project...
0:26:22 > 0:26:25- ..which has transformed - people's lives.
0:26:25 > 0:26:28- A biogas cafe.
0:26:29 > 0:26:33- I met Yeleche Hailu - who runs the cafe.
0:26:35 > 0:26:37- This is Yeleche.
0:26:38 > 0:26:41- She runs this cafe, it's a bio-cafe.
0:26:41 > 0:26:44- It's also the local wash centre - in Addis Ababa.
0:26:44 > 0:26:48- This toilet block - is for local people.
0:26:48 > 0:26:51- They come here - to use the toilet facilities.
0:26:51 > 0:26:54- All the waste flows into a tank...
0:26:54 > 0:27:00- ..and the gases, the bio-fuel, - is used to power the kitchen.
0:27:00 > 0:27:05- They use it to cook food - for the local people.
0:27:05 > 0:27:09- It's not expensive.
0:27:09 > 0:27:14- The fertiliser that's produced - is given to a farmer...
0:27:14 > 0:27:18- ..in exchange for fresh food, - all kinds of vegetables.
0:27:18 > 0:27:22- This is an example - of a local community project.
0:27:24 > 0:27:28- It works, it's completely eco - and it's fabulous.
0:27:33 > 0:27:36- Here's Delawit who enjoys helping - in her grandmother's cafe.
0:27:37 > 0:27:39- Families are close in Ethiopia.
0:27:39 > 0:27:42- Can you show me how to cook?
0:27:42 > 0:27:44- Yes? Are you coming to help?
0:27:46 > 0:27:48- Ah, OK.
0:27:50 > 0:27:53- I wear one of these every day, - of course.
0:27:54 > 0:27:57- As I lit the gas - that comes from the tank...
0:27:58 > 0:28:02- ..I was taught about local dishes - and how to prepare them.
0:28:03 > 0:28:07- In this cafe, - the women earn a little money...
0:28:07 > 0:28:11- ..while their facilities provide - self-respect for local residents.
0:28:17 > 0:28:19- We're in a cafe in Addis Ababa.
0:28:20 > 0:28:26- This lady is showing me - how to make injera, a national dish.
0:28:26 > 0:28:30- It's like a spongy pancake.
0:28:30 > 0:28:32- We're going to make one now.
0:28:32 > 0:28:35- This is the process of making it.
0:28:37 > 0:28:39- Clean the hotplate.
0:28:39 > 0:28:42- Then the mixture goes in.
0:28:43 > 0:28:44- Thank you.
0:28:45 > 0:28:47- It's a bit like pancake day, this.
0:28:48 > 0:28:50- Start on the end.
0:28:50 > 0:28:52- Go around.
0:28:53 > 0:28:54- Oh!
0:28:57 > 0:28:59- There's a hole in the middle.
0:29:02 > 0:29:04- Everyone's a winner.
0:29:04 > 0:29:07- The running costs - are next to nothing.
0:29:07 > 0:29:09- The organic waste is kept in a tank.
0:29:10 > 0:29:14- The gas provides fuel for the - kitchen and generates electricity.
0:29:14 > 0:29:17- Farmers exchange fresh food - for the compost.
0:29:17 > 0:29:22- The neighbourhood eats well while - supporting the cafe's female staff.
0:29:39 > 0:29:42- After burning my fingers - on a couple of injeras...
0:29:42 > 0:29:45- ..there were plenty of customers - waiting for their food.
0:29:48 > 0:29:52- It's great to see - a project like this working...
0:29:52 > 0:29:55- ..one that we should try - and replicate.
0:29:57 > 0:29:59- This is yours. There you go, enjoy.
0:30:12 > 0:30:17- Many things influence me - when I'm composing music.
0:30:18 > 0:30:20- After recording - and releasing music...
0:30:21 > 0:30:23- ..such as this piece, - Utopian Dreams...
0:30:24 > 0:30:25- ..it takes on a life of its own.
0:30:26 > 0:30:29- The beauty of music - is its ability to overcome...
0:30:29 > 0:30:33- ..linguistic, religious - and political barriers.
0:34:31 > 0:34:33- On the final day - of my Ethiopian visit...
0:34:34 > 0:34:36- ..I met many schoolchildren - from the slums.
0:34:37 > 0:34:41- It was hard to believe that - a lack of water and facilities...
0:34:42 > 0:34:44- ..stopped children - receiving education.
0:34:48 > 0:34:49- .
0:35:00 > 0:35:00- Subtitles
0:35:00 > 0:35:02- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:35:16 > 0:35:20- Within three days, I had travelled - through rural Ethiopia...
0:35:20 > 0:35:22- ..and back to its capital.
0:35:23 > 0:35:25- On the final day of my journey...
0:35:25 > 0:35:28- ..I visited some - of the city's poorest schools.
0:35:28 > 0:35:32- Learning about the importance - of water and hygiene...
0:35:32 > 0:35:34- ..can help avoid health problems.
0:35:34 > 0:35:36- But the lack of facilities...
0:35:36 > 0:35:40- ..can prevent people's development - and opportunities.
0:35:40 > 0:35:44- This is a poor region in one - of the world's poorest countries.
0:35:56 > 0:35:57- This is a new school.
0:35:58 > 0:36:01- When it was built, - they installed one toilet.
0:36:01 > 0:36:04- Over 1,700 children - attend the school...
0:36:05 > 0:36:07- ..with 79 staff members.
0:36:07 > 0:36:11- It's incredible - to imagine the situation.
0:36:11 > 0:36:16- They want to construct a block - for males, a block for females...
0:36:16 > 0:36:18- ..and a block for the staff...
0:36:18 > 0:36:21- ..and also the provision - of clean water to wash.
0:36:22 > 0:36:27- These are basic requirements - but it will transform this school.
0:36:29 > 0:36:33- It became apparent to me - that girls suffer most...
0:36:33 > 0:36:36- ..when facilities - aren't available in schools.
0:36:36 > 0:36:42- To understand more, I had to ask - some personal questions.
0:36:42 > 0:36:46- This is Diesde who's 13.
0:36:48 > 0:36:51- When you have your period, - once a month...
0:36:51 > 0:36:54- ..is it difficult - with the toilets in school?
0:36:54 > 0:36:55- Yes.
0:36:55 > 0:36:57- Do girls find it very hard?
0:36:58 > 0:36:59- Yes.
0:36:59 > 0:37:03- Do you come to school when you - have your period or stay at home?
0:37:03 > 0:37:06- You prefer to stay at home.
0:37:06 > 0:37:10- For every month, for four or - five days, you don't come to school.
0:37:10 > 0:37:11- Yes.
0:37:40 > 0:37:44- On the other side of that wall is - one of Addis Ababa's poorest slums.
0:37:44 > 0:37:48- This is a safe place for the - children to receive their education.
0:37:49 > 0:37:53- This school is rather unique since - it has facilities for the disabled.
0:37:58 > 0:38:02- Mohammed is a member - of the school's hygiene club.
0:38:02 > 0:38:06- They are responsible for - keeping the new facilities clean.
0:38:13 > 0:38:16- Mohammed spoke about the importance - of this locally.
0:38:16 > 0:38:20- It's allowed disabled children - to attend school.
0:38:26 > 0:38:32- Most people I met on this journey - had stories of hardship.
0:38:33 > 0:38:37- The story of Eneyew Yisma - had the greatest impact on me.
0:38:45 > 0:38:47- Eneyew is 27 years old.
0:38:47 > 0:38:53- He's been studying at the Biruhtesfa - primary school for 11 years.
0:38:55 > 0:38:58- His parents didn't want Eneyew - to attend school.
0:38:58 > 0:39:01- They thought his disability - was a disease...
0:39:02 > 0:39:04- ..and that he couldn't learn.
0:39:05 > 0:39:10- About 13 years ago, Eneyew's family - moved from their rural home...
0:39:10 > 0:39:12- ..to Addis Ababa.
0:39:12 > 0:39:16- They met someone who worked - for an international charity...
0:39:16 > 0:39:21- ..who persuaded them to search - for education in a suitable school.
0:39:25 > 0:39:28- Eneyew's mother died recently.
0:39:29 > 0:39:31- He has no living family.
0:39:31 > 0:39:33- Even though he lives locally...
0:39:33 > 0:39:37- ..he needs help - to travel to school every day.
0:39:48 > 0:39:51- He hopes to have - a modern wheelchair soon.
0:39:52 > 0:39:57- The truth is, without it he won't be - able to attend secondary school...
0:39:57 > 0:40:01- ..and he'll have no hope - of working in the future.
0:40:20 > 0:40:24- Water covers 70% - of the Earth's surface...
0:40:24 > 0:40:29- ..and water is essential - to maintain life on this planet.
0:40:29 > 0:40:32- Despite this, - it is divided so unfairly.
0:40:38 > 0:40:40- At this point in time...
0:40:41 > 0:40:45- ..650m people - are without clean water.
0:40:46 > 0:40:50- One in every three people, - 2.3bn people on this planet...
0:40:51 > 0:40:54- ..are without sufficient - hygiene facilities.
0:40:54 > 0:41:00- 500,000 children die every year - of water pollution.
0:41:00 > 0:41:04- That's the equivalent - of 1,400 a day.
0:41:38 > 0:41:40- Ethiopia is a special place...
0:41:40 > 0:41:43- ..and despite - all the difficulties...
0:41:43 > 0:41:45- ..and lack of facilities...
0:41:45 > 0:41:49- ..which we consider - as the basics of life...
0:41:50 > 0:41:54- ..the people are happy, - welcoming and friendly.
0:41:59 > 0:42:01- It was an honour for me - to meet them.
0:42:01 > 0:42:05- I leave in the hope that others - can help them.
0:47:49 > 0:47:51- S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.
0:47:51 > 0:47:51- .