0:00:13 > 0:00:15Thank you very much. Thank you, thank you.
0:00:21 > 0:00:22Good evening.
0:00:24 > 0:00:28Roughly 41 years ago today...ish,
0:00:28 > 0:00:30Rutland Weekend Television,
0:00:30 > 0:00:32the world's smallest TV station,
0:00:32 > 0:00:36did a special starring Beatle George Harrison.
0:00:36 > 0:00:40And now, tonight, 41 years later, we're back
0:00:40 > 0:00:43to put on another TV special with the Beatle of science,
0:00:43 > 0:00:45Professor Brian Cox.
0:00:51 > 0:00:55And tonight, our subject is the entire universe,
0:00:55 > 0:00:58which we'll be covering in one hour...
0:00:58 > 0:01:01as a musical. OK, so...
0:01:01 > 0:01:03Without further ado, please welcome,
0:01:03 > 0:01:04all the way from Rutland,
0:01:04 > 0:01:07Muriel Tritt...
0:01:07 > 0:01:09APPLAUSE AND CHEERING
0:01:09 > 0:01:13..and the Muriel Tritt School Of Music And Dance.
0:01:26 > 0:01:30# The Muriel Tritt School Of Music And Dance
0:01:30 > 0:01:33# Gives young people a wonderful chance
0:01:33 > 0:01:35# To appear in a show
0:01:35 > 0:01:37# To star in a play
0:01:37 > 0:01:40# And one day we may be
0:01:40 > 0:01:44# On Broadway
0:01:44 > 0:01:47# For 13 years through rain and snow
0:01:47 > 0:01:52# Every year we put on a show
0:01:52 > 0:01:54# We did The Sound Of Mucus
0:01:54 > 0:01:55# And Zombie And Son
0:01:55 > 0:01:57# The Little Barmaid
0:01:57 > 0:01:58# And Second To Nun
0:01:58 > 0:02:00# We did Spamma Mia
0:02:00 > 0:02:02# And Porky & Bess
0:02:02 > 0:02:05# And an all-new version of G&S
0:02:05 > 0:02:09# We did Mersey Boys And Richard The Turd
0:02:09 > 0:02:12# We did Hello Polly About a dead bird
0:02:12 > 0:02:16# We sank the Titanic On a real boat
0:02:16 > 0:02:19# The 007 musical Legally Bond
0:02:19 > 0:02:22# So relax, throw your hats And hang on to your butts
0:02:22 > 0:02:26# For tonight we proudly present
0:02:26 > 0:02:29# The Entire Universe
0:02:31 > 0:02:34# Yes, tonight we'll be thinking Out of the box
0:02:34 > 0:02:38# Will you all please welcome our smart
0:02:38 > 0:02:43# Professor Brian Cox! #
0:02:50 > 0:02:54- Where the bloody hell is he? - Ah, bit of a snag - he's not here.
0:02:54 > 0:02:56- But he should be on the way from the airport.- This is a live show!
0:02:56 > 0:03:00- Yeah, he'll be on his way.- I hope so!- Anyway, that's not the snag.
0:03:00 > 0:03:03- You see, I haven't been able to speak to him for the last few weeks...- What?
0:03:03 > 0:03:05Well, I haven't been able to explain to him
0:03:05 > 0:03:09that isn't so much a kind of lecture, it's more of a...musical.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12- You didn't a get hold of him? - Well, it's not my fault, is it?
0:03:12 > 0:03:14He's been to Patagonia testing magnetism, or something.
0:03:14 > 0:03:18- You know, no cellphones. - So, he doesn't know it's a musical?
0:03:18 > 0:03:19'He's here!'
0:03:19 > 0:03:20Oh, jeez.
0:03:22 > 0:03:26- Eric!- Brian! Where have you been? - Well, I'm sorry I'm late.
0:03:26 > 0:03:28- Can you just pay for the taxi? - What? We've already started!
0:03:28 > 0:03:29It's funny, isn't it?
0:03:29 > 0:03:32We can send probes into space at tremendous speeds,
0:03:32 > 0:03:34but one lane closed on the M25 and you're stuck forever.
0:03:34 > 0:03:36We've been trying to reach you for weeks.
0:03:36 > 0:03:38I've been in Patagonia measuring micromagnetism.
0:03:38 > 0:03:41It's very interesting, cos the earth's poles are beginning to shift.
0:03:41 > 0:03:43We phoned! We texted! We tweeted!
0:03:43 > 0:03:46I can't use cellphones, because we're measuring micromagnetism.
0:03:46 > 0:03:50- But tell me, you did get the script? - Not unless you sent it by llama.
0:03:50 > 0:03:51- What?!- What's this?
0:03:51 > 0:03:54It's just a costume. Oh, no time to explain.
0:03:54 > 0:03:57- But I haven't got my lecture.- It's all right, it's all on the autocue.
0:03:57 > 0:04:00- Here we are, here's the set. And good luck for the show.- Hey, Brian.
0:04:00 > 0:04:04- Robin. What are you doing here? - Er... Helping.
0:04:04 > 0:04:06I'm putting in the correct number of billions and billions
0:04:06 > 0:04:07in the autocue for you.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09I've put in loads, you'll love it.
0:04:09 > 0:04:11Now...
0:04:11 > 0:04:13Pointer.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15Clicker.
0:04:15 > 0:04:17Showtime.
0:04:17 > 0:04:21Ladies and gentlemen, will you please welcome, Professor Brian Cox.
0:04:27 > 0:04:29Thank you.
0:04:29 > 0:04:30Good evening.
0:04:30 > 0:04:33This is the Hubble Deep Field image,
0:04:33 > 0:04:36it's the deepest image of our universe ever taken.
0:04:36 > 0:04:39# Oooh eee oooh eee oooh. #
0:04:40 > 0:04:43It's a photograph of the piece of sky you would cover
0:04:43 > 0:04:46if you took a five-pence piece and held it about 75 feet away.
0:04:47 > 0:04:50# Oooh eee oooh eee oooh. #
0:04:51 > 0:04:53It contains over 10,000 galaxies,
0:04:53 > 0:04:56each with over 100 billion stars.
0:04:56 > 0:04:59# Oooh eee oooh eee ooooooh. #
0:04:59 > 0:05:01Look, what the hell is that?
0:05:01 > 0:05:05- Er, it's the universe music, Brian. - It's distracting.
0:05:05 > 0:05:08- It sounds really good.- Yeah, it sounds really, really brilliant.
0:05:08 > 0:05:10It really kind of jazzes up the universe.
0:05:10 > 0:05:13Tell them I don't need any music in the lecture.
0:05:13 > 0:05:16Well, you know, with the BBC broadcasting it worldwide live...
0:05:16 > 0:05:19Hang on a minute, I thought it was only broadcast in Rutland.
0:05:19 > 0:05:22Well, mainly Rutland, but also the rest of the world.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25But, look, just read the autocue, please, love,
0:05:25 > 0:05:27because we're running a bit late, OK?
0:05:27 > 0:05:29"Please welcome Professor Brian Cox!"
0:05:33 > 0:05:37This is the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This is real data.
0:05:37 > 0:05:39It's a fly-through of nearby galaxies
0:05:39 > 0:05:41in the observable universe,
0:05:41 > 0:05:45which contains around 350 billion large galaxies,
0:05:45 > 0:05:49each with 200 billion stars, just like our Milky Way.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52So, if we multiply 350 billion galaxies
0:05:52 > 0:05:54by 200 billion stars,
0:05:54 > 0:05:56that means, in the observable universe,
0:05:56 > 0:06:00there are at least 70 thousand billion billion stars,
0:06:00 > 0:06:037 followed by 22 zeroes.
0:06:03 > 0:06:057 billion trillion stars.
0:06:05 > 0:06:07And that's just the observable universe.
0:06:07 > 0:06:10We've got good reason to think the universe extends
0:06:10 > 0:06:12way beyond that little patch we can see.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14It might even be infinite in extent.
0:06:14 > 0:06:18Now, today, after expanding for 13.8 billion years,
0:06:18 > 0:06:21we can see out to the edge of a giant sphere,
0:06:21 > 0:06:25centred on the earth, 90 billion light years wide.
0:06:26 > 0:06:28PING!
0:06:28 > 0:06:30LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE
0:06:30 > 0:06:32What's this?! What the hell is this?!
0:06:33 > 0:06:35Robin? Eric?
0:06:35 > 0:06:36Eric! Eric!
0:06:43 > 0:06:46# It's so damn big It's so damn vast
0:06:46 > 0:06:49# It's so damn huge and it's so damn fast
0:06:49 > 0:06:53# It's so massive With such weight
0:06:53 > 0:06:56# It's so enormous It's just great!
0:06:56 > 0:06:59# We're living in a sphere And it's 14 billion years
0:06:59 > 0:07:03# 98 billion light years In diameter
0:07:03 > 0:07:06# Standing in a bubble At the speed of Hubble
0:07:06 > 0:07:09# It's so damn huge In each parameter
0:07:09 > 0:07:12# 30.7 billion years
0:07:12 > 0:07:16- # On every side - Every side
0:07:16 > 0:07:18# Which makes our universe
0:07:18 > 0:07:23# 93 billion light years wide
0:07:23 > 0:07:26# 350 billion galaxies
0:07:26 > 0:07:29# With 70 million trillion stars
0:07:29 > 0:07:31# That's 70 thousand thousand thousand
0:07:31 > 0:07:35# Thousand thousand thousand thousand stars
0:07:36 > 0:07:38# It makes you feel so small
0:07:38 > 0:07:39CHEERING
0:07:39 > 0:07:43# Stuck on the surface of the spinning ball
0:07:43 > 0:07:46# When you consider the size of it all
0:07:46 > 0:07:50# It makes you feel so...small
0:07:50 > 0:07:53# It makes you feel so small
0:07:53 > 0:07:56# Wondering why we're here at all
0:07:56 > 0:08:00# Trying to walk before we can crawl
0:08:00 > 0:08:03# It makes you feel so small
0:08:03 > 0:08:06# The universe so big and vast
0:08:06 > 0:08:09# And oh so very shiny
0:08:09 > 0:08:12# It makes you feel irrelevant
0:08:12 > 0:08:16# So useless and so tiny
0:08:16 > 0:08:19# It makes you feel so small
0:08:19 > 0:08:23# The universe holds us all in thrall
0:08:23 > 0:08:26# When you consider the size of it all
0:08:26 > 0:08:30# It makes you feel so small
0:08:30 > 0:08:33# Aah aah aah aaah
0:08:35 > 0:08:38# Yeah! #
0:08:38 > 0:08:41APPLAUSE AND CHEERING
0:08:44 > 0:08:46Science isn't a bloody musical!
0:08:46 > 0:08:48Everyone's very excited.
0:08:48 > 0:08:50I really look like a prat.
0:08:50 > 0:08:54- You have looked like a prat before. - Look, science isn't showbiz.
0:08:54 > 0:08:57- Well, it can be.- It's not The Morecambe & Wise Show, is it?
0:09:00 > 0:09:02LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE
0:09:05 > 0:09:06It could be.
0:09:08 > 0:09:11Eh - you can see the join!
0:09:11 > 0:09:14- Definitely a wig! - Definitely.- Definitely.
0:09:14 > 0:09:15APPLAUSE
0:09:18 > 0:09:19All right, Brian?
0:09:19 > 0:09:21- Warwick Davis. Big fan.- Warwick.
0:09:21 > 0:09:24- What are you doing here? - I'm playing The Big Bang.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26Ba-da-ba-baa!
0:09:27 > 0:09:29- What?- I know. Irony.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32Warwick's tip-top on science, Brian.
0:09:32 > 0:09:35- Per foot, he knows more about science than Tim Peake.- Aww.
0:09:35 > 0:09:38Yeah, that's right. Isn't it, Tim?
0:09:39 > 0:09:42CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:09:53 > 0:09:57That's right, Brian. Absolutely. It's right.
0:09:57 > 0:09:59- What?- No, really.
0:09:59 > 0:10:02Warwick is really good on science, Brian. He's absolutely amazing.
0:10:02 > 0:10:05He could have been on the International Space Station with me.
0:10:05 > 0:10:07He would have saved a lot of space.
0:10:08 > 0:10:11- Cheers, Tim. Are you still on for dinner Tuesday?- Absolutely, yeah.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14- Your turn to pay.- Oh, OK.
0:10:14 > 0:10:16Um, Tim. I've got a couple of questions.
0:10:16 > 0:10:19- Listen, ask me any question you like.- All right.
0:10:19 > 0:10:20What's a light year?
0:10:20 > 0:10:22A light year is when you don't have very much on -
0:10:22 > 0:10:24say, a panto in Woking and a possible telly.
0:10:26 > 0:10:27No, it's a measure of distance.
0:10:27 > 0:10:30The distance light travels in one year, which is...
0:10:30 > 0:10:326 trillion miles.
0:10:32 > 0:10:33Am I right?
0:10:33 > 0:10:36- Yeah.- Yeah. 6 followed by 12 zeroes.
0:10:36 > 0:10:37- Now, let me ask you a question.- OK.
0:10:37 > 0:10:41- What's hot, dense, and forever expanding?- Well...
0:10:41 > 0:10:42The Kardashians!
0:10:44 > 0:10:46- Lovely joke, Warwick! - Oh, thanks, Eric.
0:10:46 > 0:10:49- It's G-string theory!- Ohh! - There's another.- I love it!
0:10:49 > 0:10:51We'll have a shot of Kim's bum, and that could be like Saturn.
0:10:51 > 0:10:54- What, like a great gas giant? - Ohh! Boo-boom!
0:10:54 > 0:10:57You see, material like this writes itself, Brian, so...
0:10:57 > 0:11:00Moving on now. On the autocue, love.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02"If you think of the universe as..."
0:11:03 > 0:11:05If you think of the universe as a balloon...
0:11:05 > 0:11:07Ah, great metaphor.
0:11:09 > 0:11:12..with the galaxies represented by dots on the balloon,
0:11:12 > 0:11:14then the expansion of our universe
0:11:14 > 0:11:17is just like the expanding surface of the balloon.
0:11:17 > 0:11:20All the galaxies appear to be rushing apart from each other.
0:11:23 > 0:11:25All right. Carry on.
0:11:26 > 0:11:28We used to think the universe was slowing down
0:11:28 > 0:11:30under the effects of gravity
0:11:30 > 0:11:33until we measured the expansion rate very precisely
0:11:33 > 0:11:34back in the 1990s
0:11:34 > 0:11:36and discovered that it is in fact speeding up
0:11:36 > 0:11:39because of the effects of something known as dark energy.
0:11:39 > 0:11:41Now, we don't know what dark energy is,
0:11:41 > 0:11:45but it accounts for 70% of the energy density of the universe.
0:11:45 > 0:11:48Dark matter makes up a further 25%.
0:11:48 > 0:11:51We don't know what that is either. And the stuff... Are you all right?
0:11:51 > 0:11:53Yeah, I'm hyperventilating. Quickly!
0:11:55 > 0:11:57The stuff we can actually see shining as stars,
0:11:57 > 0:12:00and out of which we are all made, is only 5% of the universe.
0:12:00 > 0:12:04So, the universe is expanding, but from what?
0:12:04 > 0:12:07If we were able to reverse time, wind back the clock
0:12:07 > 0:12:10so that everything rushes back together again...
0:12:10 > 0:12:12Ohh!
0:12:12 > 0:12:14BALLOONS DEFLATE NOISILY
0:12:16 > 0:12:17Sorry!
0:12:20 > 0:12:22If we wind everything back to the beginning,
0:12:22 > 0:12:23and we go back in time
0:12:23 > 0:12:2713.8 billion years before there were any stars or galaxies,
0:12:27 > 0:12:29and all the matter of the universe
0:12:29 > 0:12:32was crammed into a tiny, wrinkly little pea,
0:12:32 > 0:12:35unimaginably hot, unimaginably dense,
0:12:35 > 0:12:37containing all the energy and the ingredients
0:12:37 > 0:12:39to build the hundreds of billions of galaxies
0:12:39 > 0:12:42and billions of trillions of stars in our universe,
0:12:42 > 0:12:46contained in a single primordial atom...
0:12:46 > 0:12:48we call that the big bang.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50And hold it there, love, for the Big Bang Song.
0:12:50 > 0:12:53- The big bang isn't a song. - It is now!
0:13:10 > 0:13:12- What are they doing? - Well, it's pretty obvious, isn't it?
0:13:12 > 0:13:14They're elementary particles.
0:13:14 > 0:13:16Look, they're banging into each other and then disappearing.
0:13:16 > 0:13:20- Particles?- Yeah, much better than your boring old equations.
0:14:34 > 0:14:36Ah! So, what do you think?
0:14:36 > 0:14:38I'm a professor.
0:14:38 > 0:14:41No-one will take me seriously if they think I'm in showbiz.
0:14:41 > 0:14:46Yeah, I think that ship might have sailed some time ago. Erm...
0:14:47 > 0:14:50Oh, and the BBC did say they were going to pay you more money.
0:14:53 > 0:14:56The early cosmos can be thought of as a series of epochs
0:14:56 > 0:14:59as, in the gradually expanding and cooling universe,
0:14:59 > 0:15:02the forces of nature separate out,
0:15:02 > 0:15:05and the particles we see today - the protons, neutrons and electrons,
0:15:05 > 0:15:08out of which we are all made - are formed.
0:15:08 > 0:15:12Time itself started 13.8 billion years ago,
0:15:12 > 0:15:14and once time had started...
0:15:14 > 0:15:16Sorry, Brian. Can we hold time?
0:15:16 > 0:15:19- What?- Can we just hold time for a minute, please.
0:15:19 > 0:15:21Well, time isn't here yet.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24- What?- Hannah Waddingham is playing time
0:15:24 > 0:15:26but, unfortunately, she's late.
0:15:26 > 0:15:29She's stuck in traffic, so if you could give us just a bit more BS...
0:15:29 > 0:15:32I'm sorry, a bit more science about the early universe
0:15:32 > 0:15:34until she gets here. Thanks a lot.
0:15:35 > 0:15:39You could say that more happened in the first three minutes
0:15:39 > 0:15:40of the life of the universe
0:15:40 > 0:15:42than in the next 13.8 billion years.
0:15:42 > 0:15:45By the time the universe was around three minutes old,
0:15:45 > 0:15:48it had cooled down to a temperature of only a billion degrees
0:15:48 > 0:15:51and was filled with what we call plasma,
0:15:51 > 0:15:53a soup of electrically charged particles
0:15:53 > 0:15:55through which light couldn't pass.
0:15:55 > 0:15:58Now, light can be thought of as a stream of particles called photons,
0:15:58 > 0:15:59and they have no mass.
0:15:59 > 0:16:03But other fundamental particles, like electrons, do have mass,
0:16:03 > 0:16:06and they get it through their interaction with the Higgs field,
0:16:06 > 0:16:08which permeates the universe
0:16:08 > 0:16:12and has a particle associated with it called the Higgs boson.
0:16:12 > 0:16:14Har-har, Cap'n Cox!
0:16:16 > 0:16:17Har-har!
0:16:18 > 0:16:20- Who are you?- It got better. Um...
0:16:20 > 0:16:22LAUGHTER
0:16:22 > 0:16:24APPLAUSE
0:16:27 > 0:16:28Who?
0:16:28 > 0:16:31I'm the Higgs boson, me hearties! Har-har!
0:16:33 > 0:16:35Noel Fielding, meet Brian.
0:16:35 > 0:16:37- Brian, Noel.- Hey, Brian, I'm a huge fan. Love your astrology.
0:16:37 > 0:16:39Astronomy.
0:16:39 > 0:16:41Whatever. What's your star sign?
0:16:41 > 0:16:42I haven't got a star sign.
0:16:42 > 0:16:44Come on, everyone's got a star sign.
0:16:44 > 0:16:47All right, gin and tonic.
0:16:47 > 0:16:49That's not a star sign.
0:16:49 > 0:16:51- He's a Pisces. - I knew it. I'm a Gemini.
0:16:51 > 0:16:54- We get on instantly!- We don't.
0:16:54 > 0:16:55All right.
0:16:55 > 0:16:57Unless you've got Jupiter rising.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00I've got anger...rising.
0:17:00 > 0:17:04I've got a very finely tuned drivel detector,
0:17:04 > 0:17:09and it goes off every time anyone mentions astrology.
0:17:09 > 0:17:10It's all true, isn't it?
0:17:10 > 0:17:12Well, it's not really. It's cack.
0:17:14 > 0:17:17What kind of talk is that? Cack?
0:17:17 > 0:17:19You'll be saying crop circles don't exist next!
0:17:19 > 0:17:21Crop circles don't exist.
0:17:21 > 0:17:23This is ridiculous. Next, you'll be saying
0:17:23 > 0:17:25global warming is a real thing that we should all be worried about.
0:17:25 > 0:17:28- Eric, can we just have a word? - Just keep going, keep going.
0:17:28 > 0:17:31Brian, the thing is, I love science.
0:17:31 > 0:17:32I love Scientology.
0:17:32 > 0:17:35LAUGHTER
0:17:35 > 0:17:37I love all the sciences.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41I hope one day to have a haemorrhoid named after me, like you.
0:17:41 > 0:17:43- Asteroid!- Whatever.
0:17:43 > 0:17:45You get what you want named after you,
0:17:45 > 0:17:47and I'll get what I want named after me.
0:17:48 > 0:17:50And I'm getting a haemorrhoid!
0:17:51 > 0:17:53Like you!
0:17:53 > 0:17:55Brian, do you know my theory about the universe?
0:17:55 > 0:17:57- You've got a theory about the universe?- Yes.
0:17:57 > 0:18:00- You don't know about my theory? - I don't know your theory about the universe.
0:18:00 > 0:18:04I've looked through all the literature - I've seen no record of your theory about the universe.
0:18:04 > 0:18:08You don't know? This is going to blow your mind.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11I've been working on this for over four and a half days.
0:18:11 > 0:18:12LAUGHTER
0:18:12 > 0:18:15I believe that the universe is entirely made of water.
0:18:15 > 0:18:18It's just that the molecules are so far apart
0:18:18 > 0:18:23you can't tell it's water, unless you're outside, looking in.
0:18:23 > 0:18:25Pwhoa!
0:18:25 > 0:18:28Pwhoa! It's too much for you, isn't it?
0:18:28 > 0:18:29I can see.
0:18:29 > 0:18:31Your knees are trembling.
0:18:31 > 0:18:32That's your theory?!
0:18:34 > 0:18:36That's... That's your theory?!
0:18:36 > 0:18:37- That's...?- That...
0:18:37 > 0:18:39- That is my theory.- All that?
0:18:39 > 0:18:40All of that is my...
0:18:40 > 0:18:42I've copyrighted that, mate.
0:18:42 > 0:18:45- In fact, Deepak Chopra says... - That's...!
0:18:46 > 0:18:48Don't you like Deepak?
0:18:48 > 0:18:53In my opinion, Deepak is full of more methane than "Uranus".
0:18:53 > 0:18:55LAUGHTER
0:18:55 > 0:18:57He's great, isn't it?
0:18:57 > 0:18:59He's like a rhinestone guru.
0:18:59 > 0:19:02# Like a rhinestone guru!
0:19:02 > 0:19:03# Ding-aga-ding-aga-ding! #
0:19:04 > 0:19:08Why are you dressed as a second-rate character from Pirates Of Penzance?
0:19:08 > 0:19:10Second mate. He's got it. He's very bright, isn't he?
0:19:10 > 0:19:12Well, he's a professor.
0:19:12 > 0:19:14Actually, he's a double professor.
0:19:14 > 0:19:16I thought he looked a bit bi!
0:19:17 > 0:19:19He was checking me out earlier in the lifts.
0:19:19 > 0:19:21What are you supposed to be?
0:19:21 > 0:19:23Well, I'm the Higgs boson, aren't I?
0:19:23 > 0:19:25Get it? Har-har, me hearties!
0:19:26 > 0:19:28- "Boson"...- Yes?
0:19:28 > 0:19:29..is an elementary particle.
0:19:29 > 0:19:30Right.
0:19:30 > 0:19:34"Bosun" is the second mate on a ship.
0:19:34 > 0:19:35So what's your point?
0:19:35 > 0:19:38Well, the point is, it's silly.
0:19:38 > 0:19:40It's not silly. It's a metaphor.
0:19:40 > 0:19:42They like it - you like it, don't you?
0:19:42 > 0:19:44- AUDIENCE:- Yes!
0:19:44 > 0:19:47- Shall I sing? - AUDIENCE:- Yes!
0:19:47 > 0:19:50Excusez-moi, Brian. My audience calls.
0:19:52 > 0:19:54Stay away from my theory, yeah, Spock?
0:20:01 > 0:20:03# There's a Higgs boson
0:20:03 > 0:20:05# And there's leptons and there's gluons
0:20:05 > 0:20:07# There's the Higgs boson
0:20:07 > 0:20:09# And there's positons and muons
0:20:09 > 0:20:11# There are photons There are protons
0:20:11 > 0:20:12# There's neutrinos, posit-inos
0:20:12 > 0:20:14# There are quarks and there's electrons
0:20:14 > 0:20:15# In the Higgs boson
0:20:15 > 0:20:19# Oh, the Higgs boson All the particles will scatter
0:20:19 > 0:20:23# Oh, the Higgs boson As they're starting to be matter
0:20:23 > 0:20:25# There are leptons There are gluons
0:20:25 > 0:20:27# There are positons and muons
0:20:27 > 0:20:28# There are photons There are protons
0:20:28 > 0:20:30# In the Higgs boson
0:20:30 > 0:20:31# There's a Higgs boson
0:20:31 > 0:20:33# And there's electrons and there's muons
0:20:33 > 0:20:35# There's a Higgs boson
0:20:35 > 0:20:37# And there's positons and muons
0:20:37 > 0:20:39# There are photons There are protons
0:20:39 > 0:20:40# There's neutrinos, posit-inos
0:20:40 > 0:20:43# There are quarks and there's electrons
0:20:43 > 0:20:44# In the Higgs boson
0:20:44 > 0:20:47# There's neutrinos, Angelinas In the Higgs boson
0:20:47 > 0:20:51# There are Sauvignons and Pinots In the Higgs boson
0:20:51 > 0:20:54# There are Bonos, Yoko Onos Brian Enos, cappucinos
0:20:54 > 0:20:57# Latinas and Latinos In the Higgs boson
0:20:57 > 0:21:00# There are gluons, there are muons In the Higgs boson
0:21:00 > 0:21:03# There are many, there are few ones In the Higgs boson
0:21:03 > 0:21:05# There are gobbles There are gluons
0:21:05 > 0:21:07# There are old ones There are new ones
0:21:07 > 0:21:09# We haven't got a clue what's in the Higgs boson! #
0:21:09 > 0:21:10Har-har!
0:21:10 > 0:21:14APPLAUSE
0:21:18 > 0:21:20You stop. Stop.
0:21:20 > 0:21:22Stop clapping.
0:21:22 > 0:21:23Stop clapping!
0:21:23 > 0:21:25Number one.
0:21:25 > 0:21:28Number one, there's no such element as a Brian Eno.
0:21:28 > 0:21:30- And number two...- There should be.
0:21:30 > 0:21:32..this is...
0:21:32 > 0:21:34Number two, this isn't physics - it's music hall.
0:21:34 > 0:21:36- Thanks a lot.- It's not a compliment.
0:21:36 > 0:21:38That wasn't a thank you!
0:21:39 > 0:21:43- Noel...- Please, call me Cuddles.
0:21:43 > 0:21:45That's what Deepak calls me.
0:21:45 > 0:21:48I call him Douchepak. We have such a laugh together.
0:21:48 > 0:21:50You see, he's like you, he's very clever -
0:21:50 > 0:21:51but he's got a sense of humour.
0:21:51 > 0:21:54LAUGHTER
0:21:54 > 0:21:56We can't upset him. He's part-Vulcan.
0:21:58 > 0:21:59He's got no feelings.
0:21:59 > 0:22:02We'll have to explain to him later what went wrong.
0:22:02 > 0:22:05Listen, science isn't a panto.
0:22:05 > 0:22:06Well, it can be.
0:22:06 > 0:22:07It can't.
0:22:07 > 0:22:10- ALL:- Oh, yes, it can!
0:22:10 > 0:22:11Oh, no, it can't.
0:22:11 > 0:22:13- ALL:- Oh, yes, it can.
0:22:13 > 0:22:15No, it can't.
0:22:15 > 0:22:17- ALL:- Oh, yes, it can.
0:22:17 > 0:22:18- Well, what's that, then?- Where?
0:22:18 > 0:22:21- ALL:- Behind you!
0:22:21 > 0:22:22Meow!
0:22:23 > 0:22:25It's a pantomime cat.
0:22:26 > 0:22:28A cat, but not just any cat.
0:22:29 > 0:22:31Er, it's Schrodinger's cat.
0:22:35 > 0:22:37- And what's that?- That's a box.
0:22:37 > 0:22:41Right. So if the cat goes in the box...
0:22:41 > 0:22:43I might be able to salvage something here.
0:22:43 > 0:22:47This is Schrodinger's famous thought experiment about a cat in a box.
0:22:47 > 0:22:49The cat represents elementary particles
0:22:49 > 0:22:50in an entangled quantum state.
0:22:50 > 0:22:53So the idea is, you have a radioactive source in the box.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56When it decays, it releases radioactive poisonous gas,
0:22:56 > 0:22:58something like cyanide, into the box.
0:22:58 > 0:23:04That means that before you open the box, the cat is both alive and dead.
0:23:04 > 0:23:08But when you open the box, the cat will be seen to be alive or dead.
0:23:09 > 0:23:10Like Keith Richards?
0:23:10 > 0:23:13LAUGHTER
0:23:14 > 0:23:16Well, let's see, then, shall we?
0:23:16 > 0:23:17You want to see in the box, don't you?
0:23:17 > 0:23:20- ALL:- Yes!
0:23:20 > 0:23:21Ta-da!
0:23:21 > 0:23:23APPLAUSE
0:23:26 > 0:23:29You see? It demonstrates particles.
0:23:29 > 0:23:32A cat met an anti-cat and disappeared.
0:23:32 > 0:23:34There's no such thing as an anti-cat.
0:23:34 > 0:23:36Oh, really? Oh, really?
0:23:36 > 0:23:37Says Mr CERN.
0:23:37 > 0:23:39Says Mr Particle Collider.
0:23:39 > 0:23:43Says Mr Let's Bang Things Into Each Other And See What Comes Out.
0:23:46 > 0:23:47Oh, really?
0:23:47 > 0:23:52Says Mr I'm A Pirate Of Penzance And I Don't Know Much About Quantum Mechanics
0:23:52 > 0:23:55But I Dress Warwick Davis Up As A Little Cat
0:23:55 > 0:23:57And Put Him In A Box And Make Him Disappear.
0:24:00 > 0:24:03Is that Warwick Davis? Should have got a selfie, right?
0:24:04 > 0:24:06Well, let's see, shall we? Let's see. Yeah?
0:24:06 > 0:24:09- Let's open the box. Yeah? - Go ahead.- OK.
0:24:11 > 0:24:14Ta-da! Hannah Waddingham, everybody!
0:24:14 > 0:24:16APPLAUSE
0:24:16 > 0:24:19- SHE GIGGLES - Thank you!
0:24:21 > 0:24:24- Brian, Hannah's playing Time. - I'm so sorry I'm late.
0:24:24 > 0:24:25Traffic on the M25.
0:24:25 > 0:24:27Gynaecologist in Hackney.
0:24:28 > 0:24:30Off you pop, Cox.
0:24:35 > 0:24:39CLOCKS STRIKE, CHIME AND CUCKOO
0:24:43 > 0:24:45# Time
0:24:45 > 0:24:48# Will go on
0:24:48 > 0:24:52# On and on, dear
0:24:52 > 0:24:54# For ever
0:24:54 > 0:25:00# Although time is slow
0:25:00 > 0:25:03# It will go on
0:25:03 > 0:25:09# Whenever you hear
0:25:09 > 0:25:12# This song play
0:25:12 > 0:25:14# And you will say
0:25:14 > 0:25:16# Oh, look there
0:25:16 > 0:25:18# Hey
0:25:18 > 0:25:21# There's that song about time
0:25:21 > 0:25:24# That'll go on and on
0:25:24 > 0:25:31# On and on
0:25:31 > 0:25:33# On and on
0:25:33 > 0:25:36# And on and on
0:25:36 > 0:25:40# On and on and on
0:25:40 > 0:25:43# And on and on
0:25:43 > 0:25:46# And on and on
0:25:46 > 0:25:48# And on
0:25:48 > 0:25:54# This song will still go on
0:25:54 > 0:26:04# Time's song will still go on. #
0:26:04 > 0:26:08APPLAUSE
0:26:08 > 0:26:10DRUM FILL
0:26:10 > 0:26:12# On and on
0:26:12 > 0:26:16# And on and on
0:26:16 > 0:26:19# On and on and on
0:26:19 > 0:26:22# It'll still go on, still go on
0:26:22 > 0:26:23# And on
0:26:23 > 0:26:28# Oh, ah-ah, ah, ah
0:26:28 > 0:26:36# Time's song will go-ooooo-oooo-ah
0:26:36 > 0:26:40# Time's song
0:26:40 > 0:26:46# Will still go on
0:26:46 > 0:26:48# Oh oh
0:26:48 > 0:26:51# Oh-oh
0:26:51 > 0:26:56# On. #
0:26:56 > 0:26:57APPLAUSE
0:26:57 > 0:26:59Oh, thank you!
0:26:59 > 0:27:02APPLAUSE
0:27:02 > 0:27:04Stop! Stop clapping!
0:27:04 > 0:27:06Stop, stop!
0:27:08 > 0:27:09Stop!
0:27:10 > 0:27:11Stop.
0:27:13 > 0:27:15It's not right.
0:27:15 > 0:27:17- It's not right. It's not right, it's not right.- Says who?
0:27:17 > 0:27:19- Well, science, actually.- Ugh!
0:27:19 > 0:27:22What are you supposed to be?
0:27:22 > 0:27:25I'm Time, Brian. Obvs.
0:27:25 > 0:27:27There's no such thing as time.
0:27:27 > 0:27:29There's only space-time.
0:27:29 > 0:27:31FaceTime?
0:27:31 > 0:27:32Space-time.
0:27:32 > 0:27:35See, according to Einstein's special theory of relativity,
0:27:35 > 0:27:37published in 1905, time and space
0:27:37 > 0:27:41are no longer to be thought of as separate entities.
0:27:41 > 0:27:45They're supposed to be considered as an indivisible whole
0:27:45 > 0:27:47called space-time.
0:27:47 > 0:27:49You see, Einstein said...
0:27:49 > 0:27:51E = mc2.
0:27:53 > 0:27:56Ha-ha, ha-ha!
0:27:56 > 0:27:59- Ah!- Hello, Brian!
0:27:59 > 0:28:01Hello, Albert. Which means...
0:28:01 > 0:28:04Energy and matter are interchangeable.
0:28:04 > 0:28:06LAUGHTER
0:28:06 > 0:28:08Correct, Albert.
0:28:08 > 0:28:10You're damn right, Brian.
0:28:10 > 0:28:12Before that, we used to think of space as an arena.
0:28:12 > 0:28:15- Oh, what, like Wembley? - Well, if you like.
0:28:15 > 0:28:18Actually it's a good metaphor. But Einstein showed us we were wrong.
0:28:18 > 0:28:21Absolute space doesn't exist.
0:28:21 > 0:28:24- And...- Nothing goes faster than the speed of light.
0:28:26 > 0:28:27Oh, sorry!
0:28:28 > 0:28:31So, in the new Einsteinian worldview,
0:28:31 > 0:28:35moving clocks run slow and moving rulers shrink.
0:28:35 > 0:28:37Right, so if the Queen could travel at the speed of light...?
0:28:37 > 0:28:39- Not that kind of ruler.- Ah.
0:28:39 > 0:28:42- All right, er, if the Sheikh of Qatar...- Not that kind of ruler.
0:28:42 > 0:28:45It's more like a measure.
0:28:45 > 0:28:50Right. So, er, would the Queen shrink at the speed of light?
0:28:50 > 0:28:52Well, hypothetically, yes.
0:28:52 > 0:28:54As Her Majesty approached the speed of light,
0:28:54 > 0:28:56she would shrink and become more massive.
0:28:56 > 0:28:59What, she'd become Queen Victoria?
0:29:00 > 0:29:03Brian, I have a question for you.
0:29:06 > 0:29:08We know the speed of light, yeah?
0:29:08 > 0:29:11- Yeah.- That's one of mine. Thank you.
0:29:12 > 0:29:14What is the speed of darkness?
0:29:14 > 0:29:17- It's the same. The same. - Ah, coincidence.
0:29:17 > 0:29:19Hey, guys, maybe I see you afterwards, yeah,
0:29:19 > 0:29:21for some crazy fun times!
0:29:22 > 0:29:23OK.
0:29:25 > 0:29:26# There's the Higgs boson
0:29:26 > 0:29:28# And there's electrons and there's... #
0:29:28 > 0:29:30APPLAUSE
0:29:30 > 0:29:33Brian, um, I've actually got a science question.
0:29:33 > 0:29:34Go on.
0:29:34 > 0:29:37Can you have sex in zero gravity?
0:29:37 > 0:29:39Why don't you ask Tim Peake?
0:29:39 > 0:29:40Tim PEAKE!
0:29:41 > 0:29:43Oh!
0:29:44 > 0:29:46Um...!
0:29:46 > 0:29:48Can we have sex in zero gravity?
0:29:48 > 0:29:50- Well...- Oh!
0:29:51 > 0:29:53LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE
0:29:53 > 0:29:55- Ah! - SHE LAUGHS
0:29:57 > 0:30:00As the universe continued to expand and cool,
0:30:00 > 0:30:03gravity began to take hold of the particles of matter
0:30:03 > 0:30:07and clumped them together to become the first stars in galaxies.
0:30:07 > 0:30:10Do you remember the Sloan Digital Sky Survey,
0:30:10 > 0:30:13that snowstorm of galaxies?
0:30:13 > 0:30:17This shows us the distribution of those galaxies across the universe.
0:30:17 > 0:30:20So gravity pulls everything together.
0:30:20 > 0:30:23And hold it there for the Gravity Song.
0:30:23 > 0:30:25You're going to love this one, it's really your era.
0:30:25 > 0:30:27- Yeah. '80s.- Mm.
0:30:27 > 0:30:29LAUGHTER
0:30:34 > 0:30:36It's all right, Brian. Things can only get better.
0:30:36 > 0:30:39CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:30:43 > 0:30:45UPBEAT MUSIC
0:30:45 > 0:30:47LAUGHTER
0:30:47 > 0:30:49# Ever since the apple fell
0:30:49 > 0:30:51# On Newton from its tree
0:30:51 > 0:30:56# He began examining the force of gravity
0:30:56 > 0:31:00# His ruminations gave equations very logically
0:31:01 > 0:31:05# Explanation, gravitation was the force to free
0:31:05 > 0:31:07# Free that apple from the tree
0:31:07 > 0:31:10# It applies to you and me
0:31:10 > 0:31:11# Isaac Newton simply found
0:31:11 > 0:31:16# What keeps our feet down on the ground
0:31:16 > 0:31:17# It's a force of gravity
0:31:17 > 0:31:22# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:31:22 > 0:31:26# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:31:26 > 0:31:30# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:31:31 > 0:31:34# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:31:36 > 0:31:38# It's a force of gravity!
0:31:38 > 0:31:39# Galileo...
0:31:39 > 0:31:41- # Galileo... - # Oh, oh, oh, oh...
0:31:41 > 0:31:44# One day Albert Einstein watched
0:31:44 > 0:31:46# A worker on the roof
0:31:46 > 0:31:50# Instantly he thought up what he called his happiest truth
0:31:50 > 0:31:52# If the man was careless
0:31:52 > 0:31:55# And he slipped and had a fall
0:31:55 > 0:31:59# Einstein realised he wouldn't really fall at all
0:31:59 > 0:32:02# He's not crashing to the ground
0:32:02 > 0:32:04# Waiting there to greet him
0:32:04 > 0:32:06# He is simply floating round
0:32:06 > 0:32:08# And the ground comes up to meet him
0:32:08 > 0:32:10# It's a force of gravity!
0:32:10 > 0:32:14# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:32:14 > 0:32:17# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:32:19 > 0:32:23# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:32:23 > 0:32:26# Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity!
0:32:28 > 0:32:30# It's a force of gravity!
0:32:30 > 0:32:32INSTRUMENTAL
0:32:34 > 0:32:36# Newton's theory of gravity
0:32:36 > 0:32:38# Appeared in the 17th century
0:32:38 > 0:32:41# And eventually we have to face
0:32:41 > 0:32:43# It was inaccurate in space
0:32:43 > 0:32:47# Einstein then began to see that light is a bit like gravity
0:32:47 > 0:32:49# Energy is matter
0:32:49 > 0:32:51# And matter energy
0:32:51 > 0:32:53# We live in four dimensions
0:32:53 > 0:32:56# And space-time is its name
0:32:56 > 0:32:58# And Einstein found the formula
0:32:58 > 0:33:00# Which really changed the game
0:33:00 > 0:33:05# For E equals mc2
0:33:05 > 0:33:08# For E equals mc2
0:33:10 > 0:33:14- # Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity! - # For E equals mc2
0:33:14 > 0:33:19- # Gra-Gra-Gra-Gra-Gravity! - # E equals mc2!
0:33:19 > 0:33:23- # Re-Re-Re-Relativity! - # E equals mc2!
0:33:23 > 0:33:26# Re-Re-Re-Relativity!
0:33:28 > 0:33:30# It's a force of gravity! #
0:33:31 > 0:33:34CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:33:34 > 0:33:37Well, no-one's more surprised than me, but that's right.
0:33:37 > 0:33:41Einstein did come along with a general theory of relativity,
0:33:41 > 0:33:43modifying the Newtonian view of gravity.
0:33:43 > 0:33:46We now know that space-time is four-dimensional,
0:33:46 > 0:33:48and massive objects curve and warp it.
0:33:48 > 0:33:51So, matter tells space-time how to curve,
0:33:51 > 0:33:54and space-time tells matter how to move.
0:33:54 > 0:33:57Now, relativity describes everything down to the quantum level,
0:33:57 > 0:34:02but at very small distances, at high energies at the subatomic level,
0:34:02 > 0:34:04general relativity breaks down...
0:34:04 > 0:34:06All right, who are you?
0:34:06 > 0:34:10- Who are we?- Who are we?! - Who are we?! He's good, isn't he?
0:34:10 > 0:34:11THEY LAUGH
0:34:11 > 0:34:12Who are we?
0:34:12 > 0:34:13Quantum mechanics.
0:34:15 > 0:34:16LAUGHTER
0:34:17 > 0:34:19Shouldn't have asked.
0:34:19 > 0:34:21Hey, carry on, sunshine! Carry on.
0:34:21 > 0:34:23You're doing well, you're doing well.
0:34:23 > 0:34:24GENTLE LAUGHTER
0:34:26 > 0:34:28The century since Einstein published his theory
0:34:28 > 0:34:32has been filled with the most spectacular scientific discoveries.
0:34:32 > 0:34:36We've discovered a universe filled with wonders, pillars of gas,
0:34:36 > 0:34:37thousands of light years,
0:34:37 > 0:34:41tall clouds of bright gas where young stars are born,
0:34:41 > 0:34:43and we see the deaths of stars,
0:34:43 > 0:34:45producing pulsars, quasars
0:34:45 > 0:34:50and supermassive black holes at the centre of galaxies.
0:34:50 > 0:34:52This is the CMB.
0:34:52 > 0:34:55It's the cosmic microwave background radiation.
0:34:55 > 0:34:58This is the picture of the whole sky, the celestial sphere.
0:34:58 > 0:35:00It's a stunning image.
0:35:00 > 0:35:03This is the afterglow of the big bang.
0:35:03 > 0:35:05It comes from every direction in space.
0:35:05 > 0:35:07So this really is a picture of the universe
0:35:07 > 0:35:10as it was 380,000 years after the big bang.
0:35:10 > 0:35:13This is the oldest light in the universe.
0:35:13 > 0:35:18These tiny fluctuations that you see as different colours
0:35:18 > 0:35:21are density fluctuations in the early universe.
0:35:21 > 0:35:25These are the reasons that we have galaxies at all.
0:35:25 > 0:35:29So this is a kind of a static buzz that permeates the universe.
0:35:29 > 0:35:31You used to be able to pick it up on old TV sets,
0:35:31 > 0:35:33a bit like Morecambe and Wise.
0:35:33 > 0:35:35LAUGHTER AND GROANING
0:35:35 > 0:35:37There's no need for that, is there, eh?
0:35:37 > 0:35:39GENTLE APPLAUSE
0:35:39 > 0:35:42As the universe continues to expand and cool
0:35:42 > 0:35:44after the release of the CMB,
0:35:44 > 0:35:48matter eventually began to collapse and clump around the denser regions
0:35:48 > 0:35:50to form stars and galaxies,
0:35:50 > 0:35:54and the universe was filled with light once more.
0:35:54 > 0:35:57Only around 200 million years after the big bang,
0:35:57 > 0:35:59the age of stars had begun.
0:35:59 > 0:36:01- MUSIC - # Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:01 > 0:36:03# Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:03 > 0:36:06- # Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh - CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:36:06 > 0:36:08# Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:08 > 0:36:11# Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:11 > 0:36:13# Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:13 > 0:36:15# Baby, let me tell you what it's all about
0:36:15 > 0:36:18# Lying on your back with your tush hanging out, oh!
0:36:18 > 0:36:20# Hey, la...
0:36:21 > 0:36:23# Oh, oh, oh, ah-oh, ah-oh
0:36:23 > 0:36:26- # All you need is a... # - MUSIC WARPS AND STOPS
0:36:26 > 0:36:27- LAUGHTER - Oh!
0:36:27 > 0:36:29What are you now?
0:36:29 > 0:36:31I'm a star, darling.
0:36:31 > 0:36:33It's not the kind of star that I meant.
0:36:33 > 0:36:36Did you mean an astronomical object
0:36:36 > 0:36:38in which nuclear fusion happens?
0:36:38 > 0:36:41Protons being fused together to make helium?
0:36:41 > 0:36:42Yeah.
0:36:42 > 0:36:44LAUGHTER
0:36:44 > 0:36:47Actually. The oldest stars in the universe
0:36:47 > 0:36:49were over 13 billion years old.
0:36:49 > 0:36:51But there's one very special star,
0:36:51 > 0:36:55which formed 4.6 billion years ago in an outer spiral arm
0:36:55 > 0:36:59of the Milky Way galaxy, and we call this star...
0:36:59 > 0:37:00The sun.
0:37:01 > 0:37:02The sun.
0:37:02 > 0:37:03GENTLE LAUGHTER
0:37:03 > 0:37:06And that was followed in less than a million years
0:37:06 > 0:37:09by the most significant moment in our history.
0:37:09 > 0:37:11The birth of the Earth.
0:37:13 > 0:37:14LAUGHTER
0:37:20 > 0:37:22# The Earth, the Earth
0:37:22 > 0:37:25# Is the planet of our birth
0:37:25 > 0:37:30# But the girth of the Earth is quite small
0:37:30 > 0:37:32# So to understand
0:37:32 > 0:37:34# The size of it all
0:37:34 > 0:37:37# Let's take a flight into the night
0:37:37 > 0:37:44# Remembering Einstein's great sound bite... #
0:37:44 > 0:37:48Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:37:48 > 0:37:49# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:37:49 > 0:37:51# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:37:51 > 0:37:55# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light! Hey!
0:37:55 > 0:37:58# Albert Einstein one bright night
0:37:58 > 0:37:59# Said!
0:37:59 > 0:38:02# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:38:02 > 0:38:05# A shy German man but quite polite
0:38:05 > 0:38:06# Said!
0:38:06 > 0:38:10# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:38:10 > 0:38:13# His equations were quite right
0:38:13 > 0:38:16# As he worked in the office of the Swiss copyright
0:38:16 > 0:38:20# Despite a moving car with its headlights shining bright
0:38:20 > 0:38:23# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light! #
0:38:23 > 0:38:24Yeah!
0:38:24 > 0:38:26# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:38:26 > 0:38:28# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:38:28 > 0:38:30# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:38:30 > 0:38:31# Hey!
0:38:31 > 0:38:34# Suppose I could fly at the speed of light
0:38:34 > 0:38:38# And I took off from the Earth up into the night
0:38:38 > 0:38:42# In 1.3 seconds Which is really quite soon
0:38:42 > 0:38:44# I'm flying past a lovely moon
0:38:44 > 0:38:46# Flying past a lovely moon
0:38:46 > 0:38:49# Heading for the sun Which is really far
0:38:49 > 0:38:53# Takes me 8.5 minutes to our local star
0:38:53 > 0:38:56# From the sun Then Mercury's three minutes away
0:38:56 > 0:39:00# And three minutes more to Venus
0:39:00 > 0:39:02# There's nothing more to say
0:39:02 > 0:39:05# Our Earth is nine minutes' flight from the sun
0:39:05 > 0:39:11# And Mars at light speed is 30 minutes further on!
0:39:11 > 0:39:13# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:39:13 > 0:39:15# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:39:15 > 0:39:18# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:39:18 > 0:39:19# Hey!
0:39:19 > 0:39:22# To fly on to Jupiter at maximum power
0:39:22 > 0:39:26# Takes me another three quarters of an hour
0:39:26 > 0:39:29# Saturn with its rings make a lovely display
0:39:29 > 0:39:33# But they're still 90 minutes away
0:39:33 > 0:39:35# That's very far away
0:39:35 > 0:39:38# Beautiful Uranus, such a delight
0:39:38 > 0:39:43# Two and a half hours at the speed of light
0:39:43 > 0:39:44Yeah!
0:39:44 > 0:39:46# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:39:46 > 0:39:48# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing!
0:39:48 > 0:39:50# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light!
0:39:50 > 0:39:51# Hey!
0:39:51 > 0:39:54# Two hours further on like a great balloon
0:39:54 > 0:39:58# Is the giant gas mask that we call Neptune
0:39:58 > 0:40:02# Six hours away at the speed of light
0:40:02 > 0:40:07# Suddenly Pluto comes into sight
0:40:07 > 0:40:13# And Pluto may be feeling a little bit sore
0:40:13 > 0:40:16# For Pluto's not a planet
0:40:16 > 0:40:19# Any more...
0:40:20 > 0:40:25# No, Pluto's not a planet any more
0:40:25 > 0:40:28# Its days of glory faded
0:40:28 > 0:40:31# Its reputation jaded
0:40:31 > 0:40:33# It has sadly been downgraded
0:40:35 > 0:40:39# And Pluto's not a planet any more
0:40:39 > 0:40:43# First they heavily promoted it
0:40:43 > 0:40:45# And now they have demoted it
0:40:45 > 0:40:48# Because it's been confirmed by all
0:40:48 > 0:40:51# That it was just too small
0:40:51 > 0:40:54# It's enough to give you haemorrhoids
0:40:54 > 0:40:56# There are 10,000 planetoids
0:40:56 > 0:41:01# Each of them has big as Pluto Circling round the sun
0:41:02 > 0:41:04# I guess it needed to be done
0:41:04 > 0:41:07# In size it is deficient
0:41:07 > 0:41:09# They thought it more efficient
0:41:09 > 0:41:11# To get rid of it
0:41:11 > 0:41:12# Ah-ah
0:41:12 > 0:41:15# But still I feel quite sore
0:41:15 > 0:41:17# That Pluto's not a planet
0:41:17 > 0:41:19# Any more
0:41:19 > 0:41:22# No, Pluto's not a planet
0:41:22 > 0:41:25# It's been relegated, dammit
0:41:25 > 0:41:32# And Pluto's not a planet any more-ore-ore
0:41:32 > 0:41:35# And so I leave our solar system for a brighter star
0:41:35 > 0:41:39# Centauri Proxima is still very far
0:41:39 > 0:41:42# Four and a half light years of flight
0:41:42 > 0:41:47# To reach our closest neighbour at the speed of light
0:41:47 > 0:41:49# At the speed of light
0:41:49 > 0:41:53# To cross the Milky Way at 17 billion miles a day
0:41:53 > 0:41:56# Takes 100,000 Earth years
0:41:56 > 0:41:57# No way!
0:41:57 > 0:42:01# To reach the next galaxy Andromeda appeals
0:42:01 > 0:42:05# It would take me two and a half million years
0:42:05 > 0:42:07# That's a lot of years
0:42:07 > 0:42:08I know!
0:42:08 > 0:42:10# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:42:10 > 0:42:12# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:42:12 > 0:42:15# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light! Hey!
0:42:15 > 0:42:17# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:42:17 > 0:42:19# Nothing, nothing Nothing, nothing
0:42:19 > 0:42:21# Nothing goes faster than the speed of light! Hey! #
0:42:21 > 0:42:23CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:42:29 > 0:42:31Actually, that's not right.
0:42:31 > 0:42:34The reality is that nothing travels through space-time
0:42:34 > 0:42:35faster than the speed of light,
0:42:35 > 0:42:39but galaxies can recede from each other faster than light,
0:42:39 > 0:42:42because they ride along with space-time as it expands
0:42:42 > 0:42:46and it can stretch at any speed that it wants.
0:42:46 > 0:42:47Now there's a remarkable new theory
0:42:47 > 0:42:50about the origin of the universe called inflation.
0:42:50 > 0:42:52We've got good evidence to suggest
0:42:52 > 0:42:54that before the universe was hot and dense,
0:42:54 > 0:42:56at what we used to call the big bang,
0:42:56 > 0:42:59the universe was still in existence in a different form,
0:42:59 > 0:43:01it was doing something else,
0:43:01 > 0:43:04it was doubling in size unimaginably fast.
0:43:04 > 0:43:07This exponential expansion stopped, certainly,
0:43:07 > 0:43:10to form our universe, but some cosmologists think
0:43:10 > 0:43:14that it may only have stopped in patches.
0:43:14 > 0:43:17The bits that stop form universes through a big bang,
0:43:17 > 0:43:20like our own, but the rest keeps on going.
0:43:20 > 0:43:23If this theory is correct, it's known as eternal inflation,
0:43:23 > 0:43:27then there's a striking and, I think, mind-blowing prediction.
0:43:27 > 0:43:31The prediction is that there will be other universes out there,
0:43:31 > 0:43:33some being created as we speak,
0:43:33 > 0:43:37and this process may have been going on possibly forever.
0:43:37 > 0:43:39There may be an infinite number of universes.
0:43:39 > 0:43:43And if there are, then it's possible that we all could exist
0:43:43 > 0:43:47somewhere out there in the multiverse in quite different forms.
0:43:47 > 0:43:49So for example, in this universe,
0:43:49 > 0:43:52I'm wearing this T-shirt and I look like me...
0:43:52 > 0:43:54And in another universe, I might be wearing
0:43:54 > 0:43:56this, rather fetching, off-the-shoulder red dress.
0:43:56 > 0:43:58LAUGHTER
0:43:58 > 0:44:00Now, you see, in this universe,
0:44:00 > 0:44:03I'm obviously dressed in this dowdy nerd garb.
0:44:05 > 0:44:08But in another universe I might be dressed in this blue miniskirt,
0:44:08 > 0:44:11showing off my beautiful, beautiful knees.
0:44:11 > 0:44:12LAUGHTER
0:44:12 > 0:44:16In this universe I am me, but in another universe,
0:44:16 > 0:44:17I might be a beaver.
0:44:18 > 0:44:20LAUGHTER
0:44:22 > 0:44:24In our universe, I can be me,
0:44:24 > 0:44:27but in another one, a camel in a poncho.
0:44:27 > 0:44:30LAUGHTER
0:44:30 > 0:44:34In this universe, I can be the size I am, but in another,
0:44:34 > 0:44:37I could be as tall as the Eiffel Tower!
0:44:37 > 0:44:38CHEERING
0:44:38 > 0:44:39And French.
0:44:39 > 0:44:41LAUGHTER
0:44:41 > 0:44:44In this universe, I'm looking a little bit saucy and fierce,
0:44:44 > 0:44:48but in another universe I might be the Queen of the Fairies.
0:44:48 > 0:44:49- AUDIENCE:- Aw!
0:44:52 > 0:44:57Here, the royal family are dressed for a royal occasion.
0:44:57 > 0:44:59But in another universe,
0:44:59 > 0:45:02they might be dressed for a tribal dinner.
0:45:02 > 0:45:04LAUGHTER
0:45:04 > 0:45:06And in another universe,
0:45:06 > 0:45:07they might be gorillas.
0:45:07 > 0:45:09LAUGHTER
0:45:09 > 0:45:11And in yet another universe,
0:45:11 > 0:45:14they could all be aquatic sea creatures from space.
0:45:16 > 0:45:19Such speculation is endless,
0:45:19 > 0:45:21and it might seem ridiculous, but it's not,
0:45:21 > 0:45:25it's illustrating the possibilities of an infinite universe.
0:45:25 > 0:45:26SKIFFLE MUSIC
0:45:32 > 0:45:36# I find quantum mechanics confusing today
0:45:36 > 0:45:39# Now science is all the rage
0:45:40 > 0:45:43# The Hadron Collider is banging away
0:45:43 > 0:45:47# Trying to guess our age
0:45:48 > 0:45:50# A particle here
0:45:50 > 0:45:51# A particle there
0:45:51 > 0:45:55# In this weird quantum world Bits can be anywhere
0:45:55 > 0:45:59# Which might just explain why I'm losing my hair
0:45:59 > 0:46:03# In the infinite monkey cage
0:46:03 > 0:46:07# T'other day I heard Mrs Schrodinger say...
0:46:07 > 0:46:10I'm going to put out the cat!
0:46:10 > 0:46:11CAT SCREECHES
0:46:11 > 0:46:12# Mrs Heisenberg said...
0:46:12 > 0:46:14Oh, it might be quite dead!
0:46:14 > 0:46:18I'm uncertain if you should do that.
0:46:18 > 0:46:22# Unless you've got that Robin Ince and Professor Cox
0:46:22 > 0:46:26# I'd leave that poor pussy alone in its box
0:46:26 > 0:46:30# That cat may be both dead and alive said the sage
0:46:30 > 0:46:33# In the infinite monkey cage
0:46:34 > 0:46:38# Scientists say all the world's just a stage
0:46:38 > 0:46:41# That physics is passing through
0:46:42 > 0:46:45# There may be an infinite number of mes
0:46:45 > 0:46:48# And an infinite number of yous
0:46:48 > 0:46:50# God help us!
0:46:50 > 0:46:53# If an infinite universe seems a bit nuts
0:46:53 > 0:46:57# Scientists sometimes talk through their butts
0:46:57 > 0:46:58Ooh!
0:46:58 > 0:47:01# Proof, you can't do That there are more of you
0:47:01 > 0:47:05# In the infinite monkey cage. #
0:47:36 > 0:47:40# This linear superpositional thing
0:47:40 > 0:47:43# Is blowing my mind away
0:47:44 > 0:47:47# The multiverse seems to be made out of string
0:47:47 > 0:47:51# That's what some particle physicists say
0:47:51 > 0:47:55# If infinite monkeys write every day
0:47:55 > 0:47:59# They may accidentally write Hamlet the play
0:47:59 > 0:48:03# But they'd probably just poop on it and throw it away
0:48:03 > 0:48:05# In the infinite monkey cage
0:48:05 > 0:48:07# Them naughty monkeys
0:48:07 > 0:48:09# In the infinite monkey cage
0:48:09 > 0:48:11# Without their trousers
0:48:11 > 0:48:15# In the infinite monkey cage! #
0:48:18 > 0:48:19CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:48:21 > 0:48:22WHISTLING IN AUDIENCE
0:48:25 > 0:48:27Nothing lasts forever.
0:48:27 > 0:48:29Stars die, galaxies die,
0:48:29 > 0:48:33even universes gradually wind down.
0:48:33 > 0:48:36The formation of new stars grinds to a halt,
0:48:36 > 0:48:40we already see evidence of this in our own Milky Way galaxy.
0:48:40 > 0:48:44So, ultimately, eventually, the universe will die.
0:48:44 > 0:48:47Oh. That's all very cheery-uppy.
0:48:47 > 0:48:51Once stars run out of fuel, there are only three possibilities.
0:48:51 > 0:48:54Our sun will keep fusing hydrogen into helium
0:48:54 > 0:48:56for another five billion years or so
0:48:56 > 0:48:59until it burns through the last of its hydrogen fuel.
0:48:59 > 0:49:02After that, it swells to become a red giant
0:49:02 > 0:49:05approaching the Earth's orbit
0:49:05 > 0:49:07before collapsing like a dying fire.
0:49:07 > 0:49:11The core will compact to a planet-sized ember
0:49:11 > 0:49:14and it will become a white dwar...
0:49:15 > 0:49:17LAUGHTER
0:49:21 > 0:49:23Sorry?
0:49:23 > 0:49:24LAUGHTER
0:49:24 > 0:49:26A white dwarf, it's, er...
0:49:26 > 0:49:29It's a technical term, like black hole.
0:49:29 > 0:49:31Oh, racist as well.
0:49:31 > 0:49:32LAUGHTER
0:49:33 > 0:49:37More massive stars will collapse in supernova explosions that,
0:49:37 > 0:49:39for a few brief moments,
0:49:39 > 0:49:42are amongst the brightest objects in the universe.
0:49:42 > 0:49:46The core will be squeezed by gravity into a neutron star,
0:49:46 > 0:49:49a spinning ball, 12 miles in diameter.
0:49:49 > 0:49:51Oh, about the size of Oldham.
0:49:51 > 0:49:52GENTLE LAUGHTER
0:49:52 > 0:49:55Well, yes, but with the mass of the sun,
0:49:55 > 0:50:00a sugar-cube fragment would weigh a billion tonnes on Earth.
0:50:00 > 0:50:02If you took a marshmallow and dropped it,
0:50:02 > 0:50:05the gravitational pull is so big it accelerates towards the ground
0:50:05 > 0:50:08and hits it with the power of an atomic bomb.
0:50:08 > 0:50:10Hold on - where would the marshmallow come from?
0:50:10 > 0:50:12Well, don't you see - it's a metaphor?
0:50:12 > 0:50:13Oh, like "white dwarf"?
0:50:13 > 0:50:15LAUGHTER
0:50:15 > 0:50:17Brian, does anything become spam?
0:50:17 > 0:50:19LAUGHTER
0:50:19 > 0:50:20Spam?
0:50:20 > 0:50:21Yeah, spam!
0:50:21 > 0:50:24LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE
0:50:24 > 0:50:27Most of the stars we see today in the night sky
0:50:27 > 0:50:28have planets around them.
0:50:28 > 0:50:32Data from observatories, like the Kepler space telescope,
0:50:32 > 0:50:34tell us that around one in ten stars
0:50:34 > 0:50:37may have Earth-like rocky planets around them,
0:50:37 > 0:50:40perhaps with rivers, seas and oceans.
0:50:40 > 0:50:44That's around 20 billion potentially Earth-like planets
0:50:44 > 0:50:45in the Milky Way galaxy alone,
0:50:45 > 0:50:49and there are 350 billion galaxies in the observable universe.
0:50:49 > 0:50:51So the question is...
0:50:51 > 0:50:53are we alone?
0:50:53 > 0:50:55No - we're here with you.
0:50:55 > 0:50:57LAUGHTER
0:50:57 > 0:50:58No, what I mean is,
0:50:58 > 0:51:01is intelligent life common in the universe?
0:51:01 > 0:51:03It's not even common at the BBC!
0:51:03 > 0:51:06LAUGHTER
0:51:06 > 0:51:07Why are we here?
0:51:07 > 0:51:09- Eric asked us to come.- Yeah.
0:51:10 > 0:51:12To be honest, there's no way we'd come if you asked us!
0:51:12 > 0:51:14LAUGHTER
0:51:17 > 0:51:19Where do we come from?
0:51:19 > 0:51:21- You've come from Peterborough.- Yeah.
0:51:21 > 0:51:22Kentish Town.
0:51:22 > 0:51:27No, we think that life started only once on this planet.
0:51:27 > 0:51:28Do you know where?
0:51:28 > 0:51:30- Oldham? - LAUGHTER
0:51:30 > 0:51:33- No, 3.8 billion years ago.- Oh!
0:51:33 > 0:51:35Manchester.
0:51:35 > 0:51:36In the oceans.
0:51:36 > 0:51:40And, here, it took 3.8 billion years
0:51:40 > 0:51:42for first living things to become us.
0:51:42 > 0:51:45And what's wonderful and, I think, at the same time a little bit scary,
0:51:45 > 0:51:48is how frequently our own evolutionary path
0:51:48 > 0:51:49came close to ending.
0:51:49 > 0:51:53In the Permian extinction 250 million years ago, for example,
0:51:53 > 0:51:5796% of all marine life became extinct.
0:51:57 > 0:52:00The odds against our survival were huge.
0:52:00 > 0:52:02The Earth has been a volcanic hell.
0:52:04 > 0:52:06It's been a frozen ice ball.
0:52:07 > 0:52:09It's been an ocean, free of land.
0:52:09 > 0:52:12The Earth has been a target for meteorites.
0:52:12 > 0:52:1630,000 objects a day burn up in our atmosphere
0:52:16 > 0:52:18and, shortly after its formation,
0:52:18 > 0:52:22a glancing blow from a planet-sized object smashing into our Earth
0:52:22 > 0:52:24caused the formation of our moon.
0:52:24 > 0:52:25Against all the odds,
0:52:25 > 0:52:28there's an unbroken chain of life,
0:52:28 > 0:52:31stretching back 3.8 billion years -
0:52:31 > 0:52:33that's one third of the age of the universe -
0:52:33 > 0:52:36to some primordial life form in an ancient ocean.
0:52:36 > 0:52:40And those first living things have, over geological time,
0:52:40 > 0:52:43assembled themselves into intelligent, conscious beings,
0:52:43 > 0:52:46inside a superbly complex body,
0:52:46 > 0:52:50that can replicate, evolve and pass on our genes,
0:52:50 > 0:52:53with an enormous brain that's learned to communicate
0:52:53 > 0:52:56with the finest of its peers, both past and present,
0:52:56 > 0:52:59and leave a legacy into the far future
0:52:59 > 0:53:04through language, writing, maths, science...
0:53:04 > 0:53:06- Panto... - LAUGHTER
0:53:06 > 0:53:07Shopping...
0:53:07 > 0:53:10A hominid intelligence, staggering on the edge of space,
0:53:10 > 0:53:14pondering the immensity, and our next steps.
0:53:14 > 0:53:18The age of stars will close in 100 trillion years
0:53:18 > 0:53:21and, with it, the window for life in the universe will close.
0:53:21 > 0:53:23If we define the end of our universe
0:53:23 > 0:53:26to be the time the last supermassive black hole evaporates,
0:53:26 > 0:53:28that takes place in...when?
0:53:29 > 0:53:31- Roughly?- Yeah, all right.
0:53:31 > 0:53:32I've got this one.
0:53:32 > 0:53:3710,000 trillion, trillion, trillion, trillion, trillion, trillion,
0:53:37 > 0:53:40trillion, trillion years.
0:53:40 > 0:53:41Correct.
0:53:41 > 0:53:42Yes!
0:53:42 > 0:53:43APPLAUSE
0:53:43 > 0:53:45Don't leave me hanging.
0:53:48 > 0:53:51That means that life will have been possible
0:53:51 > 0:53:54for only one thousandth of a billion, billion,
0:53:54 > 0:53:55billion, billion, billion,
0:53:55 > 0:53:59billion, billion, billion, billionth of 1%
0:53:59 > 0:54:01of the age of the universe.
0:54:01 > 0:54:02Imagine that.
0:54:02 > 0:54:06We live in a tiny, minute, golden, bright age -
0:54:06 > 0:54:09the briefest of moments in cosmic time.
0:54:09 > 0:54:12We don't know how the universe came into existence,
0:54:12 > 0:54:14or why it came into existence,
0:54:14 > 0:54:16but we do know where it is.
0:54:16 > 0:54:17It's all around us.
0:54:17 > 0:54:19It's in us.
0:54:19 > 0:54:21It is us.
0:54:21 > 0:54:25We are the means by which the universe understands itself.
0:54:25 > 0:54:27But we may be effectively alone -
0:54:27 > 0:54:29an isolated island of meaning
0:54:29 > 0:54:33in an unimaginably vast and hostile universe.
0:54:33 > 0:54:34Ugh.
0:54:34 > 0:54:36That's a bit of a downer, isn't it?
0:54:36 > 0:54:37Terribly depressing.
0:54:37 > 0:54:39- That's a terrible ending, Brian.- Yeah.
0:54:39 > 0:54:41Well, no, it isn't.
0:54:41 > 0:54:43Cheer up.
0:54:43 > 0:54:44You know what they say...
0:54:44 > 0:54:46PING!
0:54:46 > 0:54:48LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE
0:54:50 > 0:54:55# Just remember that you're standing on a planet that's evolving
0:54:55 > 0:55:00# And revolving at 900 miles an hour
0:55:00 > 0:55:04# That's orbiting at 19 miles a second, so it's reckoned
0:55:04 > 0:55:08# The sun that is the source of all our power
0:55:08 > 0:55:11# The sun and you and me and all the stars that we can see
0:55:11 > 0:55:15# Are moving at a million miles a day
0:55:15 > 0:55:20# In an outer spiral arm at half a million miles an hour
0:55:20 > 0:55:24# In a galaxy they call the Milky Way
0:55:24 > 0:55:28- CHOIR:- # Ah ah ah
0:55:28 > 0:55:31- CHOIR:- # Ah-ah
0:55:31 > 0:55:35- STEPHEN HAWKING:- # Our galaxy itself contains 500 billion stars
0:55:35 > 0:55:39# It's 100,000 light years side to side
0:55:39 > 0:55:43# It bulges in the middle 6,000 light years thick
0:55:43 > 0:55:47# But by us it's just 1,000 light years wide
0:55:47 > 0:55:51# We're 30,000 light years from galactic central point
0:55:51 > 0:55:55# We go round every 200 million years
0:55:55 > 0:55:59# And our galaxy is only one of millions and billions
0:55:59 > 0:56:02# In this amazing, expanding universe
0:56:02 > 0:56:05- CHOIR:- # Ah ah ah
0:56:19 > 0:56:22- CHOIR:- # Ah ah ah ah
0:56:22 > 0:56:27# Ah ah ah
0:56:27 > 0:56:31# Ah ah ah-ah
0:56:31 > 0:56:35# Ah ah ah ah-ah
0:56:35 > 0:56:39- ROBIN, JONTY AND IAN: - # The universe itself keeps on expanding and expanding
0:56:39 > 0:56:43# In all of the directions it can whizz
0:56:43 > 0:56:47# As fast as it can go At the speed of light, you know
0:56:47 > 0:56:51# 12 million miles a minute That's the fastest speed there is
0:56:51 > 0:56:55# So remember when you're feeling very small and insecure
0:56:55 > 0:56:59# How amazingly unlikely is your birth
0:56:59 > 0:57:04# And pray that there's intelligent life somewhere out in space
0:57:04 > 0:57:14- ALL:- # Cos there's bugger-all down here on Earth! #
0:57:14 > 0:57:18CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:57:27 > 0:57:32The Entire Universe was brought to you by Rutland Weekend Television,
0:57:32 > 0:57:36with John Du Prez and the Rutland Light Orchestra...
0:57:38 > 0:57:41..with the Muriel Tritt School Of Music And Dance Ensemble...
0:57:41 > 0:57:44CHEERING
0:57:44 > 0:57:47..with Arlene Phillips as Muriel Tritt...
0:57:47 > 0:57:50CHEERING
0:57:50 > 0:57:53..special guest star Tim Peake...
0:57:53 > 0:57:55CHEERING
0:57:58 > 0:58:02..Jonty Stephens and Ian Ashpitel as Morecambe and Wise...
0:58:02 > 0:58:04CHEERING
0:58:04 > 0:58:07..Robin Ince as Robin Ince...
0:58:07 > 0:58:09CHEERING
0:58:09 > 0:58:11..Hannah Waddingham...
0:58:11 > 0:58:14CHEERING
0:58:14 > 0:58:16..Noel Fielding...
0:58:16 > 0:58:18CHEERING
0:58:18 > 0:58:20..Warwick Davis...
0:58:20 > 0:58:22CHEERING
0:58:22 > 0:58:23..Eric Idle...
0:58:23 > 0:58:25CHEERING
0:58:25 > 0:58:27..and Professor Brian Cox.
0:58:27 > 0:58:29CHEERING
0:58:31 > 0:58:35Please join us again in another 41 years,
0:58:35 > 0:58:38for another Rutland Weekend TV show.
0:58:38 > 0:58:40Thank you and good night.
0:58:40 > 0:58:43CHEERING AND APPLAUSE