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0:00:27 > 0:00:32- In January, I left the patch, - Jen and Bleddyn in Rhosgadfan...
0:00:32 > 0:00:35- ..and travelled to Africa.
0:00:36 > 0:00:40- First, I went to Kenya with - Branwen Niclas from Christian Aid.
0:00:40 > 0:00:44- I stayed with the Muchiri family - on their small farm...
0:00:44 > 0:00:46- ..in the village of Riiacina.
0:00:46 > 0:00:50- After being hit hard - by floods and drought last year...
0:00:50 > 0:00:55- ..they're now part of a scheme - preparing them for difficult times.
0:00:58 > 0:01:02- I've been doing my bit - by helping them...
0:01:03 > 0:01:07- ..to plant drought-resistant tomatoes - on their patch.
0:01:21 > 0:01:23- COCK CROWS
0:01:23 > 0:01:25- Oh!
0:01:25 > 0:01:27- It's time to get up.
0:01:30 > 0:01:35- It's very hot, even in the morning, - when the children walk to school.
0:01:36 > 0:01:40- The donkeys begin the never-ending - work of carrying water.
0:01:40 > 0:01:44- Talking of water, - I have to find some too.
0:01:45 > 0:01:48- This is the shower.
0:01:51 > 0:01:53- Where is the shower?
0:01:56 > 0:01:59- This is it.
0:02:05 > 0:02:08- A simple hut, but it does the job.
0:02:11 > 0:02:15- I'll have to get a hut - like this one on the patch.
0:02:20 > 0:02:24- It's handy to wash - in a bowl like this.
0:02:24 > 0:02:25- Look how much water you save.
0:02:25 > 0:02:27- Look how much water you save.- - Yes, and you're in the fresh air.
0:02:27 > 0:02:31- My head gets dirty - after working on the patch.
0:02:31 > 0:02:34- It's easy to wash back home.
0:02:34 > 0:02:39- You can't shower that often here. - You could plant potatoes in my hair.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41- LAUGHTER
0:02:44 > 0:02:50- Planting vegetables by the river - is the family's main income source.
0:02:50 > 0:02:54- Closer to the house, - there's another valuable crop.
0:02:54 > 0:02:56- This is miraa, or khat.
0:02:56 > 0:03:01- Africans have chewed the leaves - and twigs for many years...
0:03:02 > 0:03:04- ..as a stimulant.
0:03:04 > 0:03:09- It isn't illegal - but isn't totally acceptable either.
0:03:11 > 0:03:17- Alvan and his sons give each plant - 20 litres of water a week.
0:03:17 > 0:03:21- It isn't easy to keep them alive - when there's no rain.
0:03:22 > 0:03:24- But there's a market for them.
0:03:24 > 0:03:27- By August, they'll be ready - to be harvested.
0:03:28 > 0:03:32- The money will be a great help - to the family.
0:03:41 > 0:03:45- Making money when you can - is important here.
0:03:45 > 0:03:47- People are very inventive.
0:03:48 > 0:03:50- By the river, I met George.
0:03:50 > 0:03:55- He's a retired teacher - and a close friend of the family.
0:03:55 > 0:03:57- He has a small farm too.
0:03:57 > 0:04:01- Every morning, - he goes to the river to fish.
0:04:03 > 0:04:05- We've got a fish!
0:04:08 > 0:04:13- He uses nets that cost 40 shillings, - or 30p in our money.
0:04:13 > 0:04:16- They're worth every penny.
0:04:17 > 0:04:19- Oh!
0:04:22 > 0:04:24- We've done well.
0:04:25 > 0:04:28- Sometimes, - he doesn't catch anything.
0:04:28 > 0:04:30- He has caught quite a few today.
0:04:31 > 0:04:36- They introduced catfish - to the river a few years ago.
0:04:36 > 0:04:40- They're more valuable - than local fish.
0:04:40 > 0:04:43- Do you use any other - type of things for fishing?
0:04:43 > 0:04:44- Or do you just use the net?
0:04:44 > 0:04:46- Or do you just use the net?- - It's catfish.
0:04:46 > 0:04:48- How much for the catfish?
0:04:48 > 0:04:50- How much for the catfish?- - This one is fifty.
0:04:50 > 0:04:52- Fifty shillings.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56- They sell these - for 20 shillings.
0:04:57 > 0:04:59- These are 50 shillings...
0:04:59 > 0:05:03- ..because there's a lot - of good meat on them.
0:05:03 > 0:05:08- These have a lot of small bones, - so people don't want them.
0:05:08 > 0:05:13- Catfish have more meat, fewer bones - and are more nutritious.
0:05:18 > 0:05:22- Back on the farm, the family - is preparing to take produce...
0:05:22 > 0:05:24- ..to sell in the market.
0:05:26 > 0:05:28- They have some green peppers...
0:05:28 > 0:05:32- ..and tomatoes like the ones - the lads and I planted.
0:05:35 > 0:05:37- As you see, they're good tomatoes.
0:05:37 > 0:05:39- Now, they're grading them.
0:05:40 > 0:05:42- There are three grades.
0:05:42 > 0:05:45- Grade 1 are the biggest and best...
0:05:45 > 0:05:50- ..that will ripen into a nice - red colour and are tastier to eat.
0:05:51 > 0:05:53- Grade 2 tomatoes aren't as good.
0:05:54 > 0:05:56- Grade 3 are the small ones.
0:05:56 > 0:05:59- They grow tomatoes to sell locally.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03- But in many parts of Kenya, - there are huge farms...
0:06:04 > 0:06:08- ..that are big businesses, - growing vegetables to export.
0:06:08 > 0:06:12- Branwen and I were glad - to get a chance to visit one.
0:06:12 > 0:06:17- It was about three hours away, - on the other side of Mount Kenya.
0:06:17 > 0:06:22- Back home, importing vegetables - so that we can eat what we fancy...
0:06:22 > 0:06:24- ..is a controversial subject.
0:06:25 > 0:06:30- As you know, I believe in growing - food in our gardens back home.
0:06:30 > 0:06:34- But it was very interesting - to see how the farm worked.
0:06:35 > 0:06:39- The water comes from Mount Kenya - to the local river.
0:06:39 > 0:06:45- It's then piped to a reservoir, - where it's stored.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48- It's then pumped around the farm...
0:06:48 > 0:06:51- ..straight to the plants - via a system of small pipes.
0:06:52 > 0:06:54- Not a drop is wasted.
0:06:55 > 0:06:57- It's a great idea.
0:06:57 > 0:07:02- But I think the farm raises more - questions than answers for Branwen.
0:07:03 > 0:07:07- Something as basic as the use - of water in a farm such as this...
0:07:07 > 0:07:12- ..means that a great deal - of water is pumped...
0:07:12 > 0:07:14- ..from local rivers and wells.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17- It's not only to this farm.
0:07:18 > 0:07:23- When we walked around, we learnt - that water was also pumped...
0:07:24 > 0:07:28- ..to a similar reservoir - on the neighbouring farm...
0:07:28 > 0:07:31- ..and to other farms nearby.
0:07:31 > 0:07:34- If there's a shortage of water...
0:07:34 > 0:07:38- ..it will obviously - affect plantations such as this...
0:07:38 > 0:07:43- ..but also the ordinary people - in local villages.
0:07:44 > 0:07:45- September 2009
0:07:45 > 0:07:51- People all over Kenya were greatly - affected by the 2009 drought.
0:07:51 > 0:07:56- Of course, - it affected this farm too.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06- We had to take steps - to reduce our planting plans...
0:08:07 > 0:08:10- ..and we also had to sack - many workers.
0:08:12 > 0:08:17- The farm has a policy to grow trees - to plant in the local community.
0:08:17 > 0:08:21- Once a year, every worker - receives one as a gift to take home.
0:08:22 > 0:08:26- They also prepare - for future drought.
0:08:29 > 0:08:35- To prepare for drought, when food - will be scarce and expensive...
0:08:35 > 0:08:42- ..we have set aside an area to grow - cabbage, onions and tomatoes...
0:08:42 > 0:08:48- ..for our workers so that they spend - less time looking for food.
0:08:48 > 0:08:54- They can spend more time - on their farms and we can avoid...
0:08:54 > 0:09:01- ..the possibility - that they lose time at work.
0:09:07 > 0:09:14- Walking around, we talked - to the workers who were harvesting.
0:09:14 > 0:09:19- People are very glad - to get money and work...
0:09:19 > 0:09:22- ..to put food on the table.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24- Wages are low.
0:09:25 > 0:09:31- But there are indications - that some measures are taken...
0:09:31 > 0:09:36- ..to provide for the workers - and their families.
0:09:36 > 0:09:40- But it's still uncertain - what the policy is...
0:09:40 > 0:09:45- ..regarding fair wages - and working conditions.
0:09:50 > 0:09:55- This farm's produce - doesn't have the Fairtrade label.
0:09:55 > 0:09:57- They are members of GLOBALG.A.P.
0:09:58 > 0:10:02- It's a body that sets standards - for responsible farming practice...
0:10:02 > 0:10:05- ..all over the world.
0:10:05 > 0:10:09- Do you think that I could - be a part of GLOBALG.A.P?
0:10:09 > 0:10:11- I could supply vegetables to them.
0:10:11 > 0:10:12- LAUGHTER
0:10:12 > 0:10:13- LAUGHTER- - Yes, you can.
0:10:13 > 0:10:17- I've got about half an acre - on which I grow vegetables.
0:10:17 > 0:10:21- The farms change what they grow - according to demand.
0:10:21 > 0:10:25- There's currently a good market - for runner beans.
0:10:25 > 0:10:30- Nothing fancy, just like the ones - that we grow every summer.
0:10:31 > 0:10:33- There are thousands of plants here.
0:10:33 > 0:10:36- I'm sure that they thrive - in this climate.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38- They give them light too.
0:10:38 > 0:10:41- Yes, until 10.00pm.
0:10:41 > 0:10:42- They need 16 hours a day.
0:10:42 > 0:10:44- They need 16 hours a day.- - Yes.
0:10:44 > 0:10:45- Have you seen this?
0:10:45 > 0:10:46- Have you seen this?- - Yes.
0:10:46 > 0:10:52- It's information - about what is grown here.
0:10:52 > 0:10:54- Each block has a number.
0:10:54 > 0:10:58- What is grown in this area - and the date.
0:10:58 > 0:11:02- These were planted - at the end of October.
0:11:02 > 0:11:08- They should have been harvested - in midweek.
0:11:08 > 0:11:09- Are they late?
0:11:09 > 0:11:10- Are they late?- - No.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13- Look down there.
0:11:13 > 0:11:15- That's where the beans are.
0:11:15 > 0:11:17- They start at the bottom.
0:11:18 > 0:11:20- After people have picked them...
0:11:20 > 0:11:24- ..the next set of flowers - start to produce beans.
0:11:24 > 0:11:26- They are then picked.
0:11:26 > 0:11:30- The next set then begins and so on.
0:11:30 > 0:11:32- How long will this plant last?
0:11:32 > 0:11:36- You'll get two more months - out of those.
0:11:40 > 0:11:44- Ultimately, produce is grown here...
0:11:45 > 0:11:51- ..because we buy them back home.
0:11:52 > 0:11:57- We want to have - this produce all year round.
0:11:57 > 0:12:03- We ask for courgettes in December - or runner beans in February.
0:12:03 > 0:12:08- We've gone out of the habit - of eating foods in season...
0:12:09 > 0:12:14- ..when it's natural - to harvest them back in Wales.
0:12:15 > 0:12:20- As we left, we wondered how much - of the high prices we pay...
0:12:20 > 0:12:24- ..for the beans - actually reaches the workers.
0:12:25 > 0:12:28- Once you deduct the costs - of packaging, transport...
0:12:29 > 0:12:33- ..labelling and so on, - I don't think it's a lot.
0:12:33 > 0:12:37- There aren't big farms - such as this near Riiacina...
0:12:37 > 0:12:42- ..so we could compare two ways - of living off the land.
0:12:42 > 0:12:43- I'll carry that.
0:12:43 > 0:12:45- Things are hard for the family.
0:12:45 > 0:12:51- But at least they get all the money - when we take the tomatoes to market.
0:12:53 > 0:12:53- .
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0:12:58 > 0:13:00- 888- - 888
0:13:13 > 0:13:18- The closest market to Riiacina - is held once a week.
0:13:19 > 0:13:23- Branwen and I were looking forward - to finding a pitch...
0:13:23 > 0:13:26- ..and selling some of the tomatoes.
0:13:27 > 0:13:29- BACKGROUND CHAT
0:13:30 > 0:13:32- Do you want to open it all out?
0:13:40 > 0:13:45- We've laid out all the produce - on the stall.
0:13:45 > 0:13:47- The plastic sheet is the stall!
0:13:48 > 0:13:50- People come to see what's going on.
0:13:51 > 0:13:53- Very good tomatoes!
0:13:53 > 0:13:55- I've sold a few bags.
0:13:56 > 0:13:59- You've got to do - what you do back home and shout...
0:14:00 > 0:14:02- ..to attract people's interest.
0:14:02 > 0:14:04- Get your tomatoes here, come on!
0:14:05 > 0:14:06- Peppers!
0:14:09 > 0:14:13- It'd be nice to have a market - in Rhosgadfan.
0:14:15 > 0:14:20- A bag of tomatoes only costs - 20 shillings, 15p in our money.
0:14:21 > 0:14:27- But the average local wage - is only 80 shillings a day, or 60p.
0:14:28 > 0:14:31- Selling these - would make a big difference.
0:14:32 > 0:14:34- But there's stiff competition.
0:14:34 > 0:14:39- Many people sell all kinds - of local fruit and vegetables.
0:14:42 > 0:14:47- Even these ropes have been made - out of local sisal plants.
0:14:47 > 0:14:50- Cabbages obviously grow well here.
0:14:50 > 0:14:54- There are tomatoes and mangoes - wherever you look.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58- People come here to buy foods - that last longer too...
0:14:59 > 0:15:01- ..such as flour, rice, - maize and beans.
0:15:01 > 0:15:06- This is also the place - to get new clothes and shoes.
0:15:06 > 0:15:09- Do they sell clogs here?
0:15:10 > 0:15:12- Do you have some of these?
0:15:17 > 0:15:20- Unfortunately, we didn't sell - a lot, and I don't know why.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24- Maybe there were - too many tomatoes there...
0:15:25 > 0:15:28- ..or our selling skills - weren't good enough.
0:15:28 > 0:15:33- Branwen and I went to look for a gift - to thank the family...
0:15:33 > 0:15:35- ..for letting us stay with them.
0:15:46 > 0:15:47- Here you go.
0:15:47 > 0:15:48- Here you go.- - Come along.
0:15:49 > 0:15:51- Your goats.
0:15:51 > 0:15:54- We got one billy - and two pregnant goats.
0:15:54 > 0:15:59- Hopefully, in a few weeks, - there'll be kids running around here.
0:15:59 > 0:16:00- Oh, no!
0:16:00 > 0:16:02- LAUGHTER
0:16:04 > 0:16:08- Sadly, the time has come - for us to leave the family...
0:16:08 > 0:16:11- ..and continue the journey.
0:16:11 > 0:16:13- LAUGHTER
0:16:15 > 0:16:17- I've learnt one thing.
0:16:17 > 0:16:19- I'm not going anywhere again.
0:16:19 > 0:16:25- It breaks my heart to leave - because I've made good friends.
0:16:26 > 0:16:31- I'll have to continue my journey - and make more friends.
0:16:36 > 0:16:40- Before going to Tanzania, - we had to head back to Nairobi.
0:16:40 > 0:16:44- It was time to say farewell - to Branwen.
0:16:44 > 0:16:48- She had to fly back to Wales - and return to work.
0:16:49 > 0:16:50- Ta-ta.
0:16:54 > 0:16:59- Sadly, I've lost a good friend - on the journey.
0:16:59 > 0:17:01- But I'm sure I'll make more.
0:17:04 > 0:17:06- The next morning, I was up early...
0:17:06 > 0:17:11- ..and on my way to see - an organic garden in Kibera...
0:17:11 > 0:17:16- ..where half the people of Nairobi - live almost on top of each other.
0:17:18 > 0:17:23- Kibera is a slum, and I wasn't sure - about going there, to be honest.
0:17:23 > 0:17:25- When you hear the word slum...
0:17:26 > 0:17:30- ..you know that living standards - are very low.
0:17:30 > 0:17:32- Many poor people live there.
0:17:32 > 0:17:38- They don't have electricity - or a sewage system.
0:17:41 > 0:17:45- I tried to ignore things - such as the rubbish...
0:17:46 > 0:17:50- ..the streams full of filth - and the smell.
0:17:50 > 0:17:56- I put them at the back of my mind - because I wanted to see this garden.
0:17:58 > 0:18:03- It was like a paradise in the middle - of the slum when I first arrived.
0:18:04 > 0:18:06- Well!
0:18:06 > 0:18:11- It was completely different - from the rest of Kibera.
0:18:11 > 0:18:17- I saw high quality produce, - the best tomatoes I've ever seen.
0:18:18 > 0:18:20- I'll eat them all.
0:18:21 > 0:18:23- Very, very good tomatoes.
0:18:33 > 0:18:38- Three years ago, this was - a rubbish dump near the railway.
0:18:38 > 0:18:41- Now, it offers work and hope.
0:18:44 > 0:18:49- When you think of a slum, you don't - think of a garden like this.
0:18:49 > 0:18:52- I couldn't believe it at first.
0:18:52 > 0:18:55- DRUMS AND SINGING IN BACKGROUND
0:19:00 > 0:19:05- We don't have this in Rhosgadfan. - It'd be fun!
0:19:10 > 0:19:15- But the reasons for establishing - the garden were more serious.
0:19:17 > 0:19:19- After the 2007 general election...
0:19:19 > 0:19:24- ..many Kenyans protested, - especially young people...
0:19:25 > 0:19:28- ..who had hoped - to see the system change.
0:19:28 > 0:19:33- In Nairobi, the worst troubles - were in poor areas such as Kibera.
0:19:33 > 0:19:38- After that, people were very keen - to do something...
0:19:38 > 0:19:42- ..to change the lives - of the poorest people.
0:19:50 > 0:19:54- We got together to set up - a number of projects...
0:19:54 > 0:19:58- ..so that the young people - who took part in violent protest...
0:19:59 > 0:20:03- ..began taking part - in economic activities.
0:20:03 > 0:20:07- That was the reason - for their protest.
0:20:08 > 0:20:12- There was such inequality - that they couldn't earn a living...
0:20:13 > 0:20:17- ..so they relied on gifts - and begging.
0:20:21 > 0:20:24- This garden is one - of the project's main successes.
0:20:24 > 0:20:29- It has brought work, toilets - and a water supply to the area.
0:20:29 > 0:20:32- It has certainly changed lives.
0:20:41 > 0:20:44- I broke the law before joining, - I had nothing to do, no work.
0:20:44 > 0:20:48- To get money to live, - crime was the only way.
0:20:48 > 0:20:52- I stole from people - and sometimes used violence.
0:20:53 > 0:20:56- I was in a gang - and people sometimes died.
0:21:06 > 0:21:11- I have seen big changes in my life.
0:21:12 > 0:21:15- Now I have a wife and a child, - and these projects...
0:21:15 > 0:21:18- ..have enabled me to get work.
0:21:23 > 0:21:27- I work here and in the washrooms - and get a monthly wage.
0:21:28 > 0:21:32- I don't need to go back to crime - because I have rights and respect.
0:21:33 > 0:21:38- I'm very grateful.
0:21:46 > 0:21:48- This is an excellent place.
0:21:49 > 0:21:53- I'm amazed by how they've created - so much out of nothing.
0:21:53 > 0:21:57- They have friends - alongside them to help.
0:21:57 > 0:22:02- I think that's what makes - this place flourish.
0:22:09 > 0:22:14- The plan now is to change - the other rubbish tips into farms.
0:22:14 > 0:22:17- They have done so much - and are an inspiration.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21- The possibilities are endless.
0:22:38 > 0:22:43- Across the road from Kibera, - very close to the capital...
0:22:43 > 0:22:48- ..there's a national park - that's home to many wild animals.
0:22:49 > 0:22:52- We had to go there - on a short safari!
0:23:00 > 0:23:05- The lions and elephants - must have been too shy.
0:23:05 > 0:23:10- But it was great - to see giraffes, zebras, topis...
0:23:10 > 0:23:14- ..and my favourite, ostriches.
0:23:17 > 0:23:21- Next time, I fly - in a small plane to Tanzania.
0:23:22 > 0:23:24- I meet the Masai...
0:23:24 > 0:23:29- ..and get a huge welcome - from the colourful people of Samunge.
0:23:29 > 0:23:32- SINGING AND CHANTING
0:23:54 > 0:23:56- S4C Subtitles by Gwead
0:23:56 > 0:23:56- .