0:00:00 > 0:00:00- *
0:00:00 > 0:00:00- *- - *
0:00:00 > 0:00:02- I'm Cerys Matthews.
0:00:02 > 0:00:05- I've been collecting music - all my life.
0:00:06 > 0:00:09- Music covers the spectrum - of human experience.
0:00:10 > 0:00:13- It reveals secrets - and opens amazing doors...
0:00:13 > 0:00:16- ..when we travel back to its roots.
0:00:16 > 0:00:20- # There stands the magnificent oak
0:00:20 > 0:00:23- # Tw rymdi-ro rymdi radl-idl-al
0:00:24 > 0:00:29- # I shall shelter in its shadow
0:00:29 > 0:00:33- # Until my sweetheart - comes to meet me
0:00:33 > 0:00:35- # Fal-di radl-idl-al
0:00:35 > 0:00:38- # Fal-di radl-idl-al
0:00:38 > 0:00:41- # Tw rymdi-ro rymdi radl-idl-al #
0:00:43 > 0:00:48- # Bread of heaven, bread of heaven #
0:00:48 > 0:00:52- Quite a few Welsh hymns - are well-known outside Wales.
0:00:52 > 0:00:56- But if there is one that is - internationally recognized...
0:00:56 > 0:00:58- ..it has to be Cwm Rhondda.
0:00:58 > 0:01:02- It is one of my favourites and has - travelled far from its chapel roots.
0:01:02 > 0:01:07- It's performed in concerts, - at funerals and weddings...
0:01:07 > 0:01:09- ..and, of course, on rugby grounds.
0:01:11 > 0:01:17- # Feed me 'til I want no more #
0:01:17 > 0:01:21- Wales! Wales! Wales!
0:01:22 > 0:01:26- The hymn started its journey - at Rhondda chapel, Hopkinstown...
0:01:26 > 0:01:30- ..where it was performed - for the first time in 1907.
0:01:30 > 0:01:33- The melody was composed - by John Hughes...
0:01:34 > 0:01:36- ..who was born in Dowlais in 1873.
0:01:37 > 0:01:42- He moved with his family to Llantwit - Fardre to work in the coal industry.
0:01:44 > 0:01:46- He came from a musical family...
0:01:46 > 0:01:50- ..and they were prominent - at Salem chapel in Tonteg.
0:01:50 > 0:01:54- Geoff Hughes, - John Hughes' great nephew...
0:01:54 > 0:01:58- ..owns a scrapbook which contains - documents by the composer himself.
0:01:58 > 0:02:00- The archive is quite remarkable.
0:02:00 > 0:02:05- A lot of it is press cuttings - going back to the 1920s and before.
0:02:05 > 0:02:10- This particular one is - a handwritten diary by John Hughes.
0:02:10 > 0:02:13- Towards the middle of the book - is what we believe to be...
0:02:13 > 0:02:16- ..the original manuscript - of Cwm Rhondda...
0:02:16 > 0:02:18- ..in John Hughes' own handwriting.
0:02:18 > 0:02:24- Also in the book is a note - from John Hughes' wife, Hannah.
0:02:24 > 0:02:28- It gives an insight into the history - of composing the hymn tune.
0:02:28 > 0:02:31- He was late coming home from work - and told me...
0:02:32 > 0:02:35- ..he'd been waylaid by his friend, - D W Thomas...
0:02:35 > 0:02:37- ..conductor of Rhondda chapel.
0:02:38 > 0:02:42- He wanted him to compose a hymn tune - for his Christmas festival.
0:02:42 > 0:02:45- My husband had to wait - for inspiration before composing.
0:02:46 > 0:02:49- Some weeks had passed when he went - to service on a Sunday morning...
0:02:50 > 0:02:53- ..and when he came home - he said, "I think I have it."
0:02:53 > 0:02:56- It was completed - and named Rhondda...
0:02:56 > 0:03:00- ..after the chapel - for which it was composed.
0:03:00 > 0:03:05- After a while, John Hughes heard - from musician Harry Evans...
0:03:05 > 0:03:08- ..that a tune called Rhondda - already existed.
0:03:09 > 0:03:13- He suggested changing to Cwm Rhondda - and that's how it's been since.
0:03:17 > 0:03:21- John Hughes was born in the middle - of the Industrial Revolution.
0:03:21 > 0:03:24- Music was part of everyday life - in the valleys.
0:03:24 > 0:03:26- Chapels were full to the brim.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30- Events such as singing festivals - and eisteddfodau...
0:03:30 > 0:03:32- ..were an important part - of people's lives.
0:03:33 > 0:03:37- Cwm Rhondda became popular - outside chapel very quickly.
0:03:37 > 0:03:41- During the First World War, - it was used as a campaign melody.
0:03:42 > 0:03:44- It was also sung in the trenches.
0:03:45 > 0:03:48- In his autobiography, - Goodbye To All That...
0:03:48 > 0:03:52- ..Robert Graves talks about - the Welsh soldiers singing.
0:03:52 > 0:03:58- Unlike other soldiers, who sang - music from the music hall...
0:03:58 > 0:04:01- ..the Welsh soldiers sang hymns.
0:04:01 > 0:04:05- You can imagine the soldiers, - trying to conquer their fears...
0:04:06 > 0:04:09- ..gathering together - to sing such a hymn.
0:04:10 > 0:04:14- These hymns provided a boost - to the soldiers and their families.
0:04:14 > 0:04:18- This was noted by an officer - in the Welsh Fusiliers in a letter.
0:04:18 > 0:04:22- His men allayed their home-sickness - by singing Cwm Rhondda.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26- What's the history behind the words?
0:04:26 > 0:04:30- The popular English version, - Guide Me, Oh Thou Great Jehovah...
0:04:30 > 0:04:35- ..is Peter Williams' translation of - William Williams Pantycelyn's words.
0:04:36 > 0:04:38- "Arglwydd, arwain drwy'r anialwch"
0:04:38 > 0:04:42- But when the hymn - was first performed in 1907...
0:04:42 > 0:04:46- ..it was with Welsh words - by Ann Griffiths.
0:04:49 > 0:04:53- Ann Griffiths is a prominent figure - in the history of Welsh literature.
0:04:53 > 0:04:57- She lived at the same time - as William Williams Pantycelyn...
0:04:57 > 0:04:58- ..in the 18th century.
0:04:59 > 0:05:04- She never moved from her home - in Dolwar Fach in Montgomeryshire.
0:05:04 > 0:05:06- When she was in her twenties...
0:05:06 > 0:05:09- ..she attended Methodist meetings - in Pontrobert.
0:05:09 > 0:05:12- This was the beginning - of her spiritual pilgrimage.
0:05:13 > 0:05:18- Ann Griffiths is considered - one of Wales' main hymn writers...
0:05:19 > 0:05:22- ..and indeed one of Wales' - most important poets.
0:05:23 > 0:05:28- In fact, that is based - on very little material.
0:05:30 > 0:05:34- Pantycelyn wrote - over 800 Welsh hymns.
0:05:34 > 0:05:36- Each one of them has several verses.
0:05:37 > 0:05:42- Ann Griffiths only wrote - 73 individual verses.
0:05:42 > 0:05:49- She never intended for her work - to be for congregations to sing.
0:05:50 > 0:05:55- She was expressing her own - personal experiences and thoughts.
0:05:55 > 0:05:59- Most of Ann Griffiths' work - would have disappeared...
0:05:59 > 0:06:02- ..were it not for Ruth Hughes, - the maid at Dolwar Fach.
0:06:03 > 0:06:04- She memorised the verses...
0:06:04 > 0:06:07- ..and transferred them orally - to John Hughes.
0:06:07 > 0:06:12- He then transcribed them and - kept them for future generations.
0:06:12 > 0:06:16- Something would prey on her mind.
0:06:16 > 0:06:18- In fact, her sister - and some friends...
0:06:19 > 0:06:21- ..describe her - entering a sort of trance.
0:06:22 > 0:06:26- In this time of deep reflection...
0:06:27 > 0:06:32- ..her thoughts on the Bible would - come out in the form of verses.
0:06:32 > 0:06:34- She did this to convey - her experience...
0:06:34 > 0:06:38- ..not in order to provide singing - material for congregations.
0:06:40 > 0:06:43- # Guide Me, Oh Thou Great... #
0:06:43 > 0:06:47- The words used for the hymn tune - were written by great hymnodists.
0:06:47 > 0:06:52- Even though, the hymn was initially - refused by some independent chapels.
0:06:52 > 0:06:57- This was because it was linked - with crowds singing outside chapel.
0:06:58 > 0:07:01- In one newspaper article, - the vicar of Blaenavon...
0:07:02 > 0:07:05- ..said Cwm Rhondda was - "not fit for a place of worship...
0:07:05 > 0:07:09- "..as it was too often sung at - football matches and in charabancs."
0:07:11 > 0:07:13- The Prince of Wales, Edward...
0:07:13 > 0:07:16- ..was known as the Sporting Prince.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19- He visited the Arms Park - for the first time in 1924...
0:07:19 > 0:07:21- ..for the Wales v Ireland match.
0:07:23 > 0:07:24- For the first time...
0:07:25 > 0:07:29- ..probably in order for the prince - to hear the crowd's good singing...
0:07:30 > 0:07:35- ..the band conductor turned around - to conduct the crowd...
0:07:35 > 0:07:38- ..rather than just playing - independently...
0:07:38 > 0:07:42- ..and leaving the crowd - to sing as they wished.
0:07:42 > 0:07:46- That's when the tradition of the - band leading the crowd started.
0:07:47 > 0:07:53- That set the tradition - for the future.
0:07:53 > 0:07:56- Even though the tune - is quite lively...
0:07:56 > 0:07:58- ..it had a peaceful effect - on the crowd...
0:07:59 > 0:08:01- ..at the National Eisteddfod - in Treorchy in 1928.
0:08:02 > 0:08:05- Conservative Prime Minister, - Stanley Baldwin...
0:08:05 > 0:08:06- ..visited the Eisteddfod.
0:08:07 > 0:08:09- He walked on to the stage...
0:08:09 > 0:08:13- ..and there was a crowd at the back - singing The Red Flag in Welsh.
0:08:13 > 0:08:17- The announcer on the stage - got annoyed.
0:08:17 > 0:08:19- He didn't want Mr Baldwin - to think...
0:08:19 > 0:08:22- ..that the Eisteddfod - was chaotic or communist!
0:08:23 > 0:08:27- He shouted, - "Let Mr Baldwin hear Cwm Rhondda."
0:08:27 > 0:08:29- They all responded.
0:08:29 > 0:08:32- An event which could have been - dangerously chaotic...
0:08:33 > 0:08:36- ..turned into a more peaceful - and respectable incident.
0:08:37 > 0:08:41- Cwm Rhondda has to be - the most popular hymn tune...
0:08:41 > 0:08:42- ..to come out of Wales.
0:08:42 > 0:08:47- I can't think of any other hymn that - is sung in so many different places.
0:08:47 > 0:08:52- The fact that it is bilingual has - made it internationally popular.
0:08:52 > 0:08:55- It has now been translated - into 18 languages!
0:08:56 > 0:08:59- We must thank - two of our main hymnodists...
0:08:59 > 0:09:03- ..Ann Griffiths - and William Williams Pantycelyn.
0:09:03 > 0:09:08- We must also thank John Hughes - for putting Cwm Rhondda on the map.
0:09:08 > 0:09:12- I'm going to sing it with Osian - Rowlands' COR and Mason Neely...
0:09:12 > 0:09:14- ..at Tabernacle Chapel, Cardiff.
0:09:16 > 0:09:20- # Oooh
0:09:20 > 0:09:23- # Oooh
0:09:23 > 0:09:28- # Guide me, O thou great Jehovah
0:09:29 > 0:09:34- # Pilgrim through this barren land
0:09:35 > 0:09:41- # I am weak, but thou art mighty
0:09:41 > 0:09:46- # Hold me with thy powerful hand
0:09:47 > 0:09:53- # Bread of heaven, bread of heaven
0:09:54 > 0:09:58- # Feed me 'til I want no more
0:10:00 > 0:10:06- # Feed me 'til I want no more
0:10:07 > 0:10:12- # Open now the crystal fountain
0:10:13 > 0:10:18- # Whence the healing stream - doth flow
0:10:19 > 0:10:24- # Let the fire and cloudy pillar
0:10:25 > 0:10:30- # Lead me all my journey through
0:10:30 > 0:10:36- # Strong deliverer, strong deliverer
0:10:37 > 0:10:43- # Be thou still - my strength and shield
0:10:43 > 0:10:49- # Be thou still - my strength and shield
0:10:50 > 0:10:55- # When I tread the verge of Jordan
0:10:56 > 0:11:01- # Bid my anxious fears subside
0:11:02 > 0:11:07- # Death of death - and hell's destruction
0:11:08 > 0:11:13- # Land me safe on Canaan's side
0:11:14 > 0:11:20- # Songs of praises, - songs of praises
0:11:21 > 0:11:26- # I will ever give to thee
0:11:27 > 0:11:32- # I will ever give to thee
0:11:33 > 0:11:39- # Songs of praises, - songs of praises
0:11:39 > 0:11:45- # I will ever give to thee
0:11:46 > 0:11:55- # I will ever give to thee #
0:11:55 > 0:11:55- .
0:12:01 > 0:12:01- Subtitles
0:12:01 > 0:12:03- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:12:04 > 0:12:07- If we want to record something - for posterity...
0:12:07 > 0:12:09- ..we use our phones to take - a photo or video.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11- We can share it straight away.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16- Years ago, collectors would write - notes and words on paper.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19- But a little over a century ago...
0:12:19 > 0:12:23- ..Thomas Edison invented - this machine - the phonograph.
0:12:23 > 0:12:27- It was the beginning of a new era - in the world of recording.
0:12:27 > 0:12:30- The phonograph - was a revolutionary development.
0:12:30 > 0:12:34- It gave people the opportunity - to record music for the first time.
0:12:35 > 0:12:38- The machine changed - how people enjoyed entertainment...
0:12:38 > 0:12:42- ..by letting them listen to music - any time and anywhere.
0:12:43 > 0:12:45- But phonograph or no phonograph...
0:12:45 > 0:12:49- ..were it not for individuals - who collected songs for years...
0:12:49 > 0:12:53- ..many of our favourite melodies - would have been long forgotten.
0:12:53 > 0:12:57- People such as Robert Burns in - Scotland, Cecil Sharp in England...
0:12:57 > 0:12:59- ..and Alan Lomax in America.
0:12:59 > 0:13:04- J Lloyd Williams, is a key figure - in the history of these collections.
0:13:04 > 0:13:08- He was one of the founders - of the Welsh Folk-Song Society.
0:13:08 > 0:13:12- One of the first songs - he collected was Tra Bo Dau.
0:13:15 > 0:13:18- Tra Bo Dau is significant...
0:13:18 > 0:13:23- ..because it was one of the first - songs J Lloyd Williams collected.
0:13:23 > 0:13:27- However, the song also came - from members of his own family...
0:13:27 > 0:13:33- ..his wife and her sister, both of - whom lived in Cricieth at the time.
0:13:33 > 0:13:39- This is what J Lloyd Williams said - in a radio interview in 1938.
0:13:39 > 0:13:43- "I arranged a song taught to my wife - and her sister by their father...
0:13:44 > 0:13:45- "..who was a seaman.
0:13:45 > 0:13:48- "The song proved most agreeable.
0:13:48 > 0:13:50- "It was called Tra Bo Dau.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54- "It was clear at once that - there is a fundamental difference...
0:13:55 > 0:13:58- "..between melodies - composed by harpists...
0:13:58 > 0:14:03- "..and those that came from - the voice and hearts of singers."
0:14:04 > 0:14:06- J Lloyd Williams - was a lecturer in botany...
0:14:07 > 0:14:09- ..at the university in Bangor...
0:14:09 > 0:14:12- ..and he also worked there - as musical director.
0:14:12 > 0:14:17- In 1905-06, J Lloyd Williams brought - a group of students together...
0:14:17 > 0:14:21- ..and set up a choir - which he called Y Canorion.
0:14:21 > 0:14:25- Y Canorion would go out - and sing folk songs...
0:14:25 > 0:14:27- ..arranged by J Lloyd.
0:14:28 > 0:14:32- But they also went home to their - native areas during the holidays...
0:14:32 > 0:14:34- ..and collected melodies.
0:14:35 > 0:14:37- They then brought them back - to Bangor...
0:14:37 > 0:14:40- ..so that J Lloyd - could arrange the melodies...
0:14:40 > 0:14:44- ..and the choir could perform them - at important events.
0:14:44 > 0:14:50- His great vision was that - a school of Welsh composers...
0:14:50 > 0:14:55- ..would develop in Wales in the 20th - century who would use the melodies.
0:14:55 > 0:15:00- He ignited the enthusiasm - of many individuals...
0:15:00 > 0:15:04- ..to go out and collect - traditional melodies.
0:15:04 > 0:15:09- This provided the foundations - for the Welsh Folk-Song Society.
0:15:10 > 0:15:14- Collecting melodies
0:15:15 > 0:15:19- Collecting Welsh melodies and songs - started in the 18th century...
0:15:19 > 0:15:23- ..with John Parry Ddall - and Edward Jones, Bardd y Brenin.
0:15:23 > 0:15:26- The latter published 20 books.
0:15:26 > 0:15:30- These included Musical and Poetical - Relicks of the Welsh Bards in 1784.
0:15:31 > 0:15:35- He also published The Bardic Museum - and Hen Ganiadau Cymru in 1820.
0:15:36 > 0:15:40- Iolo Morganwg - and John Parry, Bardd Alaw...
0:15:40 > 0:15:43- ..also recorded melodies - in the same period.
0:15:44 > 0:15:47- In the mid 19th century...
0:15:47 > 0:15:52- ..the first volume of Welsh - folk songs to include lyrics...
0:15:52 > 0:15:54- ..was published.
0:15:55 > 0:15:59- This was the Ancient National - Airs of Gwent and Morgannwg...
0:15:59 > 0:16:02- ..by Maria Jane Williams.
0:16:04 > 0:16:08- One important figure who provided - patronage for people like Maria...
0:16:08 > 0:16:11- ..was Lady Llanover, whose - bardic name was Gwenynen Gwent.
0:16:11 > 0:16:14- She promoted - traditional Welsh culture...
0:16:14 > 0:16:17- ..and held - an influential campaign...
0:16:17 > 0:16:22- ..to popularise the traditional - Welsh costume as we know it today.
0:16:22 > 0:16:25- She was a member - of Cymreigyddion Y Fenni.
0:16:25 > 0:16:31- This was a society to promote - Welsh culture in the area.
0:16:31 > 0:16:34- Wales, and in particular - Abergavenny...
0:16:34 > 0:16:38- ..were becoming more anglicized - at the time.
0:16:38 > 0:16:43- One of this society's main roles - was to arrange eisteddfodau.
0:16:44 > 0:16:48- Lady Llanover was - the main patron of these events.
0:16:49 > 0:16:53- She was particularly interested - in music...
0:16:54 > 0:16:57- ..and traditional Welsh music.
0:16:58 > 0:17:03- Two important competitions were a - competition on the triple harp...
0:17:03 > 0:17:07- ..and a competition - to collect folk songs.
0:17:07 > 0:17:11- The winner of the triple harp - competition...
0:17:11 > 0:17:16- ..would win a brand-new triple harp - donated by Lady Llanover.
0:17:16 > 0:17:19- By promoting the instrument...
0:17:19 > 0:17:24- ..they were also promoting - the music played on the harp.
0:17:25 > 0:17:30- They were old Welsh melodies - composed for the triple harp.
0:17:31 > 0:17:33- At the turn - of the 20th century...
0:17:34 > 0:17:37- ..the Folk-Song Society was founded - in London.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41- In 1906, the Welsh - followed a similar route...
0:17:41 > 0:17:46- ..as J Lloyd Williams founded - the Welsh Folk-Song Society.
0:17:46 > 0:17:51- There were other collectors too, - such as Mary Davies...
0:17:51 > 0:17:54- ..Grace Gwyneddon Davies - and Ruth Herbert Lewis.
0:17:54 > 0:17:58- They would travel the length - and breadth of the country...
0:17:58 > 0:18:01- ..recording songs - using the phonograph.
0:18:03 > 0:18:07- It was very difficult - to get songs from people.
0:18:07 > 0:18:10- The Revival was still - very influential.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14- The Revival only took place - a few years previously - 1904-05...
0:18:14 > 0:18:18- ..and there was also the Revival - of the 19th century.
0:18:18 > 0:18:22- People weren't keen to disclose - these songs...
0:18:22 > 0:18:26- ..which were obviously - very different from hymns.
0:18:30 > 0:18:35- Some people were also quite - scared of the phonograph.
0:18:35 > 0:18:39- It was a relatively new development - in technology at the time.
0:18:39 > 0:18:42- People were somewhat suspicious.
0:18:42 > 0:18:46- I remember reading about - Ruth Herbert Lewis...
0:18:46 > 0:18:50- ..visiting the workhouse in Holywell - to collect songs.
0:18:51 > 0:18:56- People were surprised to hear - their own voices being played back.
0:18:57 > 0:19:00- They said, "This clever machine - can talk as well."
0:19:01 > 0:19:03- It was all quite new at the time.
0:19:04 > 0:19:10- One of the Society's aims was to - collect and publish folk songs.
0:19:10 > 0:19:15- J Lloyd Williams also wanted people - to learn more about melodies...
0:19:15 > 0:19:17- ..on an academic level.
0:19:18 > 0:19:20- Tra Bo Dau was studied thoroughly...
0:19:20 > 0:19:23- ..and one interesting detail - was discovered.
0:19:23 > 0:19:28- Tra Bo Dau is a particular example - of a folk song...
0:19:28 > 0:19:33- ..which has a characteristic that is - very common in Welsh folk songs.
0:19:33 > 0:19:38- The only problem is that - this characteristic appears...
0:19:38 > 0:19:42- ..in the middle of Tra Bo Dau - rather than at the beginning.
0:19:42 > 0:19:46- It happens with the words - "Cyfoeth nid yw ond oferedd".
0:19:46 > 0:19:51- There is quite a bit of repetition - on the fifth note.
0:19:52 > 0:19:56- # Wealth is but a vanity #
0:19:56 > 0:20:00- If we look at the folk song - tradition more generally...
0:20:01 > 0:20:05- ..this repetition of notes usually - happens at the beginning of a song.
0:20:06 > 0:20:08- Let's consider Ar Lan Y Mor - for example.
0:20:09 > 0:20:12- # Beside the sea, - red roses growing #
0:20:12 > 0:20:17- In Tra Bo Dau, this happens in - the second half of the song...
0:20:18 > 0:20:19- ..rather than at the beginning.
0:20:20 > 0:20:25- This suggests that two folk songs...
0:20:25 > 0:20:29- ..have possibly been amalgamated - to create Tra Bo Dau.
0:20:30 > 0:20:33- From all the Welsh songs - I've recorded...
0:20:33 > 0:20:36- ..Tra Bo Dau was the one - Radio 2 chose to play.
0:20:37 > 0:20:40- Gwenan is going to join me now - to perform a brand-new version...
0:20:40 > 0:20:43- ..with Mason Neely on the ukulele.
0:20:54 > 0:20:58- # The one who loves my heart
0:20:59 > 0:21:03- # Lives far from here
0:21:04 > 0:21:09- # And longing to see her
0:21:10 > 0:21:15- # Made my colour gray
0:21:17 > 0:21:20- # Wealth is but a vanity
0:21:21 > 0:21:25- # The one who loves my heart
0:21:26 > 0:21:31- # But pure love, like steel lasts
0:21:31 > 0:21:37- # While there are two
0:21:44 > 0:21:48- # From the beautiful choice - that I choose
0:21:49 > 0:21:54- # My choice was a pure lass
0:21:54 > 0:21:59- # And before I'll regret it
0:22:00 > 0:22:04- # The fire will freeze
0:22:05 > 0:22:09- # Wealth is but a vanity
0:22:11 > 0:22:15- # The one who loves my heart
0:22:15 > 0:22:20- # But pure love, like steel lasts
0:22:21 > 0:22:26- # While there are two
0:22:27 > 0:22:32- # My love is over the sea
0:22:32 > 0:22:37- # I hope that she is well
0:22:37 > 0:22:42- # I love the land where she walks
0:22:43 > 0:22:48- # From the core of my little heart
0:22:49 > 0:22:53- # Wealth is but a vanity
0:22:55 > 0:22:58- # Purety never lasts
0:22:59 > 0:23:04- # But pure love, like steel lasts
0:23:05 > 0:23:11- # While there are two
0:23:11 > 0:23:19- # While there are two #
0:23:40 > 0:23:42- S4C Subtitles by Testun Cyf.