0:00:00 > 0:00:00- Subtitles
0:00:00 > 0:00:02- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:00:24 > 0:00:29- Wales and Patagonia are united - by tradition, history and language.
0:00:29 > 0:00:34- On 28 July, 1865, - 150 years ago...
0:00:35 > 0:00:40- ..153 people from all over Wales - came here to Argentina.
0:00:44 > 0:00:48- The first Mimosa voyagers - landed here at Puerto Madryn.
0:00:48 > 0:00:51- At that time, it was only - a desert or wilderness.
0:00:51 > 0:00:56- Some claim that the Welsh - had to live in these caves.
0:00:56 > 0:00:58- We don't know if this is true...
0:00:58 > 0:01:03- ..but the first years were - certainly very difficult for them.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14- After a while, - the Welsh left Puerto Madryn...
0:01:15 > 0:01:19- ..and headed to Rawson, the - capital city of the Chubut Province.
0:01:20 > 0:01:22- They found the Chubut River...
0:01:22 > 0:01:26- ..and after severe hardship, - their lives improved.
0:01:26 > 0:01:30- Some 500,000 Patagonians - are now Welsh descendents...
0:01:30 > 0:01:33- ..and some of them - speak the Welsh language.
0:01:34 > 0:01:39- During my time here, I'll learn - more about their way of life.
0:01:41 > 0:01:45- If you follow the Chubut River to - the west, you'll arrive in Gaiman.
0:01:46 > 0:01:51- It's a very Welsh town, which is - plain to see by the street names.
0:01:54 > 0:01:59- Around 6,000 people live here - and it's home to Luned Gonzales.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03- We had to start by meeting you...
0:02:04 > 0:02:09- ..as you're one of Michael D Jones - and Lewis Jones' descendants.
0:02:09 > 0:02:13- They were responsible - for establishing the Welsh Colony.
0:02:14 > 0:02:20- Michael Jones and Lewis Jones are - blamed for establishing the Colony!
0:02:22 > 0:02:25- I'm one of their descendents.
0:02:25 > 0:02:31- Michael Jones' son married - the daughter of Lewis Jones.
0:02:31 > 0:02:36- That's my family history - on my mother's side.
0:02:36 > 0:02:39- On my father's side...
0:02:39 > 0:02:44- ..Ifan Roberts and Sara Morgan came - from Corwen and Llanbadarn Fawr.
0:02:44 > 0:02:48- They came to live on a farm - in Bryngwyn.
0:02:48 > 0:02:53- Today, there are schools that teach - the Welsh language to children.
0:02:53 > 0:02:56- This was their original dream.
0:02:56 > 0:03:00- It was the dream of the majority - of people who came to Patagonia.
0:03:01 > 0:03:05- They wanted to lead a Welsh life - and establish a Welsh community.
0:03:05 > 0:03:09- The Welsh romanticize - about Patagonia.
0:03:09 > 0:03:14- It's an incredible experience to - see the Welsh influence on Gaiman.
0:03:14 > 0:03:19- Those within the community feel - that it's a dwindling influence.
0:03:19 > 0:03:22- However, those looking - from the outside...
0:03:23 > 0:03:26- ..can clearly see the effect - of the Welsh migration.
0:03:27 > 0:03:29- I speak a little Welsh every day...
0:03:29 > 0:03:33- ..but I don't speak as much - after my sister passed away.
0:03:34 > 0:03:39- I have Welsh-speaking friends and - we chat through the medium of Welsh.
0:03:39 > 0:03:45- However, it's very easy - to slip back to speaking Spanish.
0:03:45 > 0:03:49- Do you consider yourself Welsh?
0:03:49 > 0:03:55- I'm an Argentinean - from Welsh lineage.
0:03:56 > 0:04:02- I consider myself Patagonian Welsh.
0:04:02 > 0:04:07- That's a very simple explanation.
0:04:07 > 0:04:11- An important weekly event - for the Patagonian Welsh...
0:04:12 > 0:04:16- ..is listening to - Luned's show on Radio Chubut.
0:04:22 > 0:04:26- Elin, thank you - for tuning into Radio Chubut.
0:04:26 > 0:04:30- It's great to be here - and thanks for the welcome.
0:04:30 > 0:04:33- Her radio show has been going - for 40 years.
0:04:34 > 0:04:38- Luned and her late sister, - Tegai Roberts were the founders.
0:04:38 > 0:04:43- It's a must for every visitor - from Wales to pop in for a chat.
0:04:43 > 0:04:47- Since then, I've released five CDs.
0:04:48 > 0:04:51- Luned is a very active member - of the community.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54- Where does she get her energy?
0:04:54 > 0:04:57- This is what keeps me going. - It's mate.
0:04:57 > 0:05:03- It's made from a tree that grows - in Paraguay and north Argentina.
0:05:03 > 0:05:06- It's similar to a green tea.
0:05:06 > 0:05:11- You sip it through this.
0:05:11 > 0:05:14- Does it have a bitter taste?
0:05:14 > 0:05:18- It's a little bitter - but it's very refreshing.
0:05:19 > 0:05:23- Perhaps I'll need some - to keep me going on my journey.
0:05:23 > 0:05:28- When I arrived at the hotel, I was - welcomed by a local television crew.
0:05:29 > 0:05:34- Our visit has attracted - considerable attention.
0:05:34 > 0:05:40- I never expected to sing - an old Welsh folk song on a street!
0:05:40 > 0:05:48- # Sleeping at night - and awaking in the morning #
0:05:48 > 0:05:49- Well done.
0:05:49 > 0:05:51- Well done.- - Thank you.
0:05:54 > 0:05:56- That was a bit strange.
0:05:59 > 0:06:04- That evening, the Welsh community - held an evening of entertainment...
0:06:04 > 0:06:06- ..at the jam-packed, Ty Gwyn Hall.
0:06:07 > 0:06:12- To start the evening, we have - members of the music school...
0:06:12 > 0:06:14- ..to perform three songs.
0:06:14 > 0:06:20- It was a great experience to hear - the choirs perform familiar songs...
0:06:20 > 0:06:24- ..15,000km away from home.
0:06:26 > 0:06:32- Luned Gonzales is a loyal member - of the local mixed choir.
0:06:35 > 0:06:37- # I'll send an angel #
0:06:37 > 0:06:42- For the second time in one day, - I was invited to sing.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48- Most of those in attendance - spoke Welsh...
0:06:48 > 0:06:51- ..but Spanish is their - first language.
0:06:51 > 0:06:55- I tried my best to greet them - with a Spanish sentence.
0:06:55 > 0:06:59- It was a pleasure - to entertain them in Gaiman.
0:06:59 > 0:07:07- # Don't turn your back on the light
0:07:07 > 0:07:11- # That lights the way for us
0:07:12 > 0:07:18- # Don't turn your back on this heart
0:07:18 > 0:07:24- # That still beats for you #
0:07:24 > 0:07:26- Thank you.
0:07:38 > 0:07:42- Gaiman was established in 1874 - and the place is full of history.
0:07:43 > 0:07:48- The first house that was built by - David D Roberts still stands today.
0:07:48 > 0:07:54- However, why did the Welsh settle - in this South American wilderness?
0:07:54 > 0:07:58- Before establishing - the Argentinean Welsh Colony...
0:07:58 > 0:08:01- ..many Welsh residents - migrated to the USA.
0:08:01 > 0:08:05- However, they often lost - their traditions and language.
0:08:05 > 0:08:09- Principal of the Bala Independent - College, Michael D Jones...
0:08:10 > 0:08:13- ..spent time in America - and saw this happen.
0:08:13 > 0:08:17- He was one of the founders - of the Welsh Colony in Patagonia.
0:08:17 > 0:08:22- There's a street named after him - where lots of Welsh speakers reside.
0:08:26 > 0:08:31- I started at one of the town's - most interesting buildings.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34- It was import to early migrants...
0:08:34 > 0:08:38- ..as it linked them - to their families in Wales.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41- Today, it's home - to the Davies family.
0:08:42 > 0:08:47- Sion and Rebecca, we're stood - outside your home, Yr Hen Bost.
0:08:48 > 0:08:51- Your home is integral - to the history of the Welsh Colony.
0:08:52 > 0:08:58- It was one of the first buildings - that was built in the town.
0:08:58 > 0:09:05- My grandparents purchased this - old post office, 70 years ago.
0:09:05 > 0:09:08- It's been in the family since.
0:09:08 > 0:09:11- Many people have been - through the doors.
0:09:11 > 0:09:14- Yes, many people have been inside.
0:09:14 > 0:09:19- You don't have Welsh lineage so - why have you decided to learn Welsh?
0:09:20 > 0:09:25- I was the conductor of the Dewi Sant - Society's children's choir, Trelew.
0:09:26 > 0:09:31- I could read Welsh - but didn't understand a word of it.
0:09:32 > 0:09:38- I also sang in the - Gaiman Music School Choir.
0:09:38 > 0:09:44- We decided to travel to Wales - so I knew I had to learn Welsh.
0:09:45 > 0:09:48- Is there a strong Welsh community - here in Gaiman?
0:09:49 > 0:09:55- There's a wonderful and - friendly community in Gaiman.
0:09:55 > 0:10:00- There are many Welsh speakers - who want to keep the language alive.
0:10:00 > 0:10:04- We feel that we're part - of that community.
0:10:04 > 0:10:10- We participate - in numerous Eisteddfods...
0:10:10 > 0:10:13- ..and host dances.
0:10:13 > 0:10:18- There are people who work to promote - the Welsh language and schools.
0:10:18 > 0:10:24- The Welsh community is growing and - there's respect for the language.
0:10:25 > 0:10:30- I continued on my journey and - met a real character, Nelly Jones.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34- It's a wonderful street.
0:10:35 > 0:10:39- Today is a beautiful day.
0:10:39 > 0:10:43- Where did your family come from?
0:10:43 > 0:10:49- They were from Caernarfon, Anglesey - and there was one from Bethesda.
0:10:49 > 0:10:54- My grandfather came here - when he was 14.
0:10:54 > 0:10:59- They moved to Rawson before - going to work on a farm in Dyffryn.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02- It was very difficult at that time.
0:11:02 > 0:11:08- It was difficult for them - with five daughters and two sons.
0:11:08 > 0:11:13- It's been great chatting to you - and perhaps I'll see you again.
0:11:13 > 0:11:19- I had hoped to travel to Wales - but I'm too old now.
0:11:19 > 0:11:22- I'll stay in Gaiman...
0:11:23 > 0:11:26- ..in case someone comes from Wales - and wants a chat!
0:11:29 > 0:11:34- I'm sure the Welsh will receive - a very warm welcome from you, Nelly.
0:11:34 > 0:11:36- Good luck on your trip.
0:11:44 > 0:11:49- Over the road from Nelly's house, - there's a very interesting place.
0:11:49 > 0:11:53- It's the Bryn Alaw - recording studio...
0:11:53 > 0:11:59- ..and home to a member of - the popular group, Hogia'r Wilber.
0:11:59 > 0:12:06- We've reached the very musical home - of Hector, Cinthia and Elin Mair.
0:12:06 > 0:12:10- Elin is already singing!
0:12:11 > 0:12:15- I'm a composer and I'm working - on several different projects.
0:12:15 > 0:12:21- I work on films, cartoons...
0:12:21 > 0:12:25- ..and musicals.
0:12:25 > 0:12:29- Cinthia, you work - at the local primary school.
0:12:29 > 0:12:34- I teach music in two local - primary schools and here in Gaiman.
0:12:35 > 0:12:37- How do you socialize?
0:12:37 > 0:12:43- We host various parties - and lots of other activities.
0:12:44 > 0:12:50- We have a chapel group and we've - established a folk dancing team.
0:12:50 > 0:12:52- We also sing in Welsh.
0:12:53 > 0:12:56- Elin will be a Welsh speaker.
0:12:57 > 0:13:01- Elin attends a nursery school where - children can start aged 18 months.
0:13:01 > 0:13:05- They do everything - through the medium of welsh...
0:13:05 > 0:13:08- ..including playing, - singing and cooking.
0:13:09 > 0:13:13- We look forward to raising Elin - through the medium of Welsh.
0:13:13 > 0:13:15- We speak it at home - and talk to her in Welsh.
0:13:16 > 0:13:20- What does the future hold for - the Welsh language in the Colony?
0:13:20 > 0:13:26- There's a fantastic future for her - within the Welsh community here.
0:13:26 > 0:13:31- The residents of this street - will undoubtedly change...
0:13:32 > 0:13:36- ..but the language is safe in - the hands of the next generation.
0:13:36 > 0:13:40- Michael D Jones' vision - and his street are here to stay.
0:13:43 > 0:13:43- .
0:13:44 > 0:13:46- Subtitles
0:13:59 > 0:14:04- Welsh Colony residents once feared - that the Welsh would disappear.
0:14:04 > 0:14:08- However, during the centenary - celebrations in 1965...
0:14:08 > 0:14:13- ..the Welsh visited Patagonia and - members of the Colony came to Wales.
0:14:13 > 0:14:17- They learnt Welsh which gave - the language a new lease of life.
0:14:18 > 0:14:22- Today, there are Welsh classes - for adults...
0:14:22 > 0:14:26- ..and Welsh is being taught - at local primary schools.
0:14:28 > 0:14:32- At the Mudiad Meithrin nursery - in Gaiman...
0:14:32 > 0:14:36- ..I witnessed - the language in action.
0:14:36 > 0:14:42- They start their day with a ceremony - where they sing the Welsh anthem.
0:14:43 > 0:14:47- # Pleidiol wyf i'm gwlad
0:14:47 > 0:14:51- # Tra mor yn fur
0:14:51 > 0:14:55- # I'r bur hoff bau
0:14:56 > 0:15:05- # O bydded i'r hen iaith barhau #
0:15:06 > 0:15:10- Rebeca, it feels like - I'm at a school in Wales.
0:15:10 > 0:15:15- I can see Smot, SuperTed, Sali Mali, - Jac y Jwc and the Welsh alphabet.
0:15:16 > 0:15:18- The only difference is the sunshine!
0:15:18 > 0:15:23- It's a wonderful and colourful - school that you have in Patagonia.
0:15:23 > 0:15:26- Thank you and welcome to you, Elin.
0:15:26 > 0:15:29- This is our little piece of Wales.
0:15:30 > 0:15:32- It's certainly a wonderful school.
0:15:33 > 0:15:35- What's the history of this school?
0:15:36 > 0:15:41- The school was opened in 1993 - by Mary Sampini.
0:15:42 > 0:15:44- She travelled to Wales...
0:15:45 > 0:15:50- ..to study to become - a nursery school teacher.
0:15:51 > 0:15:55- She returned and presented her idea - to parents in the area.
0:15:55 > 0:16:00- The school was opened - on 23 August, 1993.
0:16:02 > 0:16:07- There was a single two-hour class - that gradually grew...
0:16:07 > 0:16:11- ..and developed - to what we see today.
0:16:12 > 0:16:16- Some 60 children - attend the nursery every day...
0:16:17 > 0:16:21- ..and a growing number of parents - are interested in the school.
0:16:22 > 0:16:25- We teach the language - in a very informal manner...
0:16:26 > 0:16:28- ..with singing, dancing...
0:16:29 > 0:16:33- ..cooking, listening to stories - and playing.
0:16:33 > 0:16:37- We immerse them - in the Welsh language.
0:16:41 > 0:16:46- I then visited Trelew, - the largest city in Chubut.
0:16:47 > 0:16:52- Wherever I went, I heard Welsh - singing in the country's schools.
0:16:54 > 0:16:57- A few years ago...
0:16:58 > 0:17:02- ..the parents battled - for this bilingual school.
0:17:05 > 0:17:08- The school was opened in 2006.
0:17:08 > 0:17:12- There was a small and informal - nursery school in the town.
0:17:12 > 0:17:16- The parents wanted - a Welsh education for the children.
0:17:17 > 0:17:20- There are so many children - that want to learn Welsh.
0:17:20 > 0:17:23- Therefore, you're building - a brand new school.
0:17:24 > 0:17:28- The school became too small - for all the children who attend.
0:17:28 > 0:17:32- We had to build a new school - to accommodate everyone.
0:17:32 > 0:17:37- The new school has large rooms - and it's a wonderful space.
0:17:38 > 0:17:43- It's situated near the Moriah chapel - and there's lots of greenery.
0:17:44 > 0:17:49- # I don't ask for a luxurious life
0:17:49 > 0:17:53- # The world's gold - or its fine pearls #
0:17:53 > 0:17:59- The new school provides Welsh - education for children up to ten.
0:17:59 > 0:18:05- Every subject is taught in - both languages - Spanish and Welsh.
0:18:05 > 0:18:08- CALON LAN PERFORMED IN SPANISH
0:18:16 > 0:18:20- This was one of my highlights - of my journey to the Welsh Colony.
0:18:20 > 0:18:24- I'll never forget my meeting - with these school children.
0:18:25 > 0:18:27- What do you like about the school?
0:18:27 > 0:18:32- I enjoy play time, mathematics...
0:18:32 > 0:18:36- ..and physical education.
0:18:36 > 0:18:38- Do you like singing?
0:18:39 > 0:18:42- Yes, I enjoy singing, dancing - and literature workshops.
0:18:43 > 0:18:47- What are you celebrating - here in the Welsh Colony?
0:18:47 > 0:18:51- We're celebrating 150 years...
0:18:51 > 0:18:57- ..since the Welsh came to Patagonia.
0:18:58 > 0:19:02- We painted a map which featured - Argentina, Patagonia and Wales.
0:19:03 > 0:19:08- It showed the journey that the - Welsh made to reach our country.
0:19:08 > 0:19:11- I heard lots of singing - during my trip.
0:19:11 > 0:19:15- One little boy could recite - to an Eisteddfod standard.
0:19:16 > 0:19:19- I would certainly award him - a first place position!
0:19:19 > 0:19:23- Yr Estrys or The Ostrich - by Clare Vaughan.
0:19:23 > 0:19:28- "What a silly creature
0:19:28 > 0:19:32- "With two long elastic legs
0:19:33 > 0:19:37- "Large shiny eyes
0:19:37 > 0:19:39- "Full of surprise
0:19:39 > 0:19:43- "With its useless wings!"
0:19:43 > 0:19:44- "With its useless wings!"- - APPLAUSE
0:19:45 > 0:19:47- Well done to you!
0:19:49 > 0:19:51- I have been to Wales.
0:19:51 > 0:19:53- Where did you visit?
0:19:53 > 0:19:56- I've been to Cardiff...
0:19:56 > 0:19:58- ..Llangrannog...
0:19:59 > 0:20:01- ..and Aberystwyth.
0:20:01 > 0:20:03- What was so different about Wales?
0:20:03 > 0:20:06- It's very green there.
0:20:06 > 0:20:09- # I sing rock and roll - in the morning #
0:20:10 > 0:20:13- After spending time - at these welcoming schools...
0:20:14 > 0:20:18- ..I felt the enthusiasm of the - parents, teachers and children...
0:20:18 > 0:20:22- ..and their eagerness to keep - the Welsh language alive.
0:20:41 > 0:20:45- Agricultural land - lies a few miles outside Gaiman...
0:20:45 > 0:20:51- ..and the Coetmor Farm, - run by Aidel Griffiths's family.
0:20:51 > 0:20:53- Hello, how are you?
0:20:53 > 0:20:56- Hello, how are you?- - I'm very well.
0:20:57 > 0:20:59- It's great to be here.
0:20:59 > 0:21:01- How are you?
0:21:02 > 0:21:05- Let's go and sit by the fire.
0:21:08 > 0:21:12- It's wonderful to be on your farm, - Aidel.
0:21:12 > 0:21:14- How long have you been farming here?
0:21:15 > 0:21:18- We've farmed here...
0:21:18 > 0:21:22- ..since my father bought - this piece of Coetmor Farm.
0:21:23 > 0:21:28- The land was dry and hard to manage - when the Welsh first arrived here.
0:21:29 > 0:21:31- Yes, it was very tough.
0:21:31 > 0:21:36- They didn't have any trenches - so they had to do it all.
0:21:36 > 0:21:42- The brambles had to be removed - and burnt so they could build farms.
0:21:42 > 0:21:46- I suspect it was - a very difficult time.
0:21:47 > 0:21:51- We have to do a lot of watering - or we won't get any produce.
0:21:53 > 0:21:55- I'm very thankful for the water.
0:21:57 > 0:22:02- The Chubut River has always been - important to the Welsh...
0:22:02 > 0:22:07- ..especially in building trenches - to water the land.
0:22:07 > 0:22:12- These helped the Welsh - to grow their crops and survive.
0:22:15 > 0:22:17- What do you farm?
0:22:17 > 0:22:20- We're currently growing hay...
0:22:20 > 0:22:25- ..but we have kept animals - and grown potatoes in the past.
0:22:25 > 0:22:29- You don't work on the farm any more - but come back every day.
0:22:30 > 0:22:35- Yes, because I love this place.
0:22:35 > 0:22:40- There's always a neighbour - who calls in wanting a tot of mate!
0:22:41 > 0:22:45- Which part of Wales - is your family from?
0:22:45 > 0:22:50- Nain came from Llanuwchllyn where - the family farmed at Ddol Fawr.
0:22:50 > 0:22:54- Taid owned Llain Las farm.
0:22:54 > 0:22:58- He purchased his farm in 1902.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01- Do you socialize - using the Welsh language?
0:23:02 > 0:23:04- No, not really.
0:23:04 > 0:23:09- I did attend the Sunday School - and various church services.
0:23:09 > 0:23:15- The people outside the chapel - are just as good as those inside it!
0:23:15 > 0:23:19- There's an element of hypocrisy - in everything.
0:23:19 > 0:23:21- I think you understand what I mean.
0:23:25 > 0:23:29- What's your opinion about the Welsh - language in this part of Patagonia?
0:23:30 > 0:23:33- I'm amazed that it has survived.
0:23:34 > 0:23:38- My daughter understands the language - but doesn't speak it.
0:23:38 > 0:23:42- It will survive - the next generation...
0:23:42 > 0:23:47- ..but not for another 50 years.
0:23:48 > 0:23:52- Have you been to Wales?
0:23:52 > 0:23:57- No, but I'd like to go for a week - or a fortnight but no more.
0:23:58 > 0:24:03- I don't like being in the same place - for two months.
0:24:03 > 0:24:06- You'd be feeling homesick - for the farm.
0:24:06 > 0:24:09- Yes, because - there's no place like home!
0:24:09 > 0:24:12- That's very true.
0:24:14 > 0:24:18- Aidel enjoys coming to the farm - for some mate...
0:24:18 > 0:24:21- ..and to play - a popular Argentinean game.
0:24:22 > 0:24:24- We play with horseshoes.
0:24:24 > 0:24:28- Would you like a game?
0:24:28 > 0:24:33- You can show me how to play - while I take a sip of the mate.
0:24:34 > 0:24:36- You like that!
0:24:41 > 0:24:47- You need to get as close as possible - to the iron steak.
0:24:48 > 0:24:49- Is this a popular game?
0:24:49 > 0:24:51- Is this a popular game?- - Yes, it is.
0:24:51 > 0:24:53- When do you usually play?
0:24:54 > 0:25:00- I often play here but it's played - at the Mimosa Landing Celebrations.
0:25:00 > 0:25:04- They play it to pass the time - in the afternoon.
0:25:11 > 0:25:12- It's bitter.
0:25:12 > 0:25:14- It's bitter.- - Yes, it's very bitter.
0:25:14 > 0:25:17- Off you go.
0:25:20 > 0:25:21- Was that any good?
0:25:21 > 0:25:23- Was that any good?- - Not bad.
0:25:23 > 0:25:24- It was hopeless.
0:25:24 > 0:25:26- It was hopeless.- - You'll learn.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31- You need more practice.
0:25:31 > 0:25:33- Stick to the singing!
0:25:41 > 0:25:41- .
0:25:42 > 0:25:44- Subtitles
0:25:51 > 0:25:55- It's early morning in Gaiman - and I'm about to start a journey...
0:25:55 > 0:26:01- ..along the plains to Cwm Hyfryd and - Esquel and Trevelin near the Andes.
0:26:01 > 0:26:06- I'm excited but I'm told it's going - to be a six-hour journey!
0:26:22 > 0:26:25- I've been driving - for over two hours.
0:26:25 > 0:26:31- It's about 375 miles from - the Chubut Valley to Cwm Hyfryd.
0:26:31 > 0:26:37- It's long but one of the - most beautiful places...
0:26:37 > 0:26:39- ..I've ever seen.
0:26:40 > 0:26:46- Many years ago, the Welsh crossed - these plains to find new land.
0:26:46 > 0:26:53- I can't take it all in - because this is a real adventure!
0:26:59 > 0:27:01- A dream came true...
0:27:01 > 0:27:05- ..when I saw a gaucho - on horseback on the plains.
0:27:05 > 0:27:09- When the Welsh - arrived in Patagonia...
0:27:09 > 0:27:14- ..their relationship with - the natives was very important.
0:27:14 > 0:27:17- The Indians taught the Welsh - to ride and hunt.
0:27:18 > 0:27:20- The natives benefitted...
0:27:20 > 0:27:25- ..and exchanged meat - and animal skin for bread.
0:27:25 > 0:27:29- For six loaves, - the Welsh could buy a horse.
0:27:29 > 0:27:32- If it wasn't - for this relationship...
0:27:33 > 0:27:37- ..the fate of the early colonists - would have been very different.
0:27:40 > 0:27:44- After the Welsh - settled in the Chubut Valley...
0:27:44 > 0:27:51- ..it took some of them 20 years - to move to more fertile lands.
0:27:51 > 0:27:57- In 1885, some of them crossed - the plains and reached the Andes.
0:27:57 > 0:27:59- By 1888...
0:28:00 > 0:28:04- ..some families arrived - and founded Esquel and Trevelin.
0:28:05 > 0:28:10- As I look around, - I'm reminded a little of Wales.
0:28:18 > 0:28:24- After a long and tiring journey, - I reach Esquel...
0:28:25 > 0:28:29- ..and the home of Rini Griffiths - where I get a very warm welcome.
0:28:35 > 0:28:38- Hello, how are you?
0:28:39 > 0:28:41- It's lovely to meet you.
0:28:41 > 0:28:45- Yes, and I can't wait - to stay with you for a night or two.
0:28:46 > 0:28:52- After a journey across the plains, - I'm delighted to see some hot tea!
0:28:52 > 0:28:54- How was the journey?
0:28:54 > 0:28:57- How was the journey?- - It was a real experience.
0:28:58 > 0:29:01- You're lucky - because it's been a glorious day.
0:29:01 > 0:29:04- Do you say "llaeth" - or "llefrith" for milk?
0:29:04 > 0:29:05- Llefrith.
0:29:05 > 0:29:08- Llefrith.- - And I say "llaeth!".
0:29:09 > 0:29:12- The Welsh language - is very complicated!
0:29:13 > 0:29:18- People don't understand that there - are two words in Welsh for milk.
0:29:19 > 0:29:22- I've reached your hotel in Esquel - but is it a busy place?
0:29:23 > 0:29:28- This May has been busier than usual - and we've seen a lot of Welsh.
0:29:28 > 0:29:31- You can practice speaking Welsh.
0:29:31 > 0:29:33- Yes, I love speaking Welsh all day.
0:29:34 > 0:29:36- Tell us about your family.
0:29:37 > 0:29:42- The Griffiths' were from Caernarfon. - Nain's family was from Llanuwchllyn.
0:29:43 > 0:29:46- Tom Jones, Llanuwchllyn told Mam...
0:29:46 > 0:29:50- ..that her family of Dol Fawr - was near his home...
0:29:51 > 0:29:54- ..and she couldn't believe it!
0:29:54 > 0:29:59- He went home and they started - writing to one another.
0:29:59 > 0:30:04- Mam learnt all about - the various members of the family.
0:30:04 > 0:30:08- It was fun - to discover our relatives.
0:30:09 > 0:30:11- Nain had always told me....
0:30:11 > 0:30:16- ..that Wales was a miserable, - ugly country...
0:30:17 > 0:30:21- ..that was covered in coal mines.
0:30:21 > 0:30:25- But when I arrived, - I was brought to tears.
0:30:25 > 0:30:30- I don't know why Nain wouldn't - go back to such a beautiful country.
0:30:30 > 0:30:35- It was the summer when I visited - when the flowers were in bloom.
0:30:36 > 0:30:41- I wished that Nain could see it but - neither she nor Taid ever went back.
0:30:42 > 0:30:47- They struggled in Wales which is why - they moved here in the first place.
0:30:47 > 0:30:52- Yes, and I'm sure she didn't want - to remember those difficult times...
0:30:52 > 0:30:56- ..and leaving her home and family.
0:30:56 > 0:30:58- Have you tried mate?
0:30:58 > 0:31:03- I've tried it everywhere - so I'd like to try your version.
0:31:03 > 0:31:08- I'm not a huge fan of it at the - moment but I'll give this a go.
0:31:08 > 0:31:12- I haven't met anyone in Wales - who enjoys it.
0:31:17 > 0:31:20- I want to like it but I can't!
0:31:21 > 0:31:28- It's odd because Welsh teachers - come here for a year...
0:31:28 > 0:31:34- ..and go home with their own mate - to drink in Wales.
0:31:34 > 0:31:38- There must be something about it.
0:31:38 > 0:31:44- I'll keep persevering to see - if I like it at the end of my visit.
0:31:44 > 0:31:48- I've got plenty of tea and coffee - for you to enjoy.
0:31:49 > 0:31:55- Thank you, Rini and I can't wait - to spend more time with you.
0:31:57 > 0:31:58- Cheers!
0:31:59 > 0:32:00- Can we have a toast with tea?
0:32:00 > 0:32:02- Can we have a toast with tea?- - I don't see why not!
0:32:04 > 0:32:09- After a long day on the plains, - I was ready for my bed...
0:32:09 > 0:32:14- ..because tomorrow is another day - that will be full of adventure.
0:32:33 > 0:32:37- I'm on the outskirts of Trevelin...
0:32:37 > 0:32:42- ..and about to visit - the home of Vincent Evans.
0:32:42 > 0:32:47- The 86-year-old is a gaucho, - an accordionist...
0:32:47 > 0:32:49- ..and quite a character!
0:33:00 > 0:33:05- The view behind us is amazing, - Vincent.
0:33:05 > 0:33:09- The Andes are in the distance - and the sun is shining.
0:33:09 > 0:33:12- The farm has always - been in your family.
0:33:12 > 0:33:17- My grandfather owned these lands - when he settled here.
0:33:17 > 0:33:21- This is where he raised his family.
0:33:22 > 0:33:28- He brought up - my father and his siblings.
0:33:28 > 0:33:31- This is also where he died.
0:33:32 > 0:33:35- What has been farmed here?
0:33:35 > 0:33:37- What has been farmed here?- - A bit of everything.
0:33:39 > 0:33:45- We've grown some wheat crops - but we mainly farm cattle.
0:33:47 > 0:33:53- The towns were open plains - and not fenced off.
0:33:53 > 0:33:57- The cattle ran wild...
0:33:57 > 0:33:59- ..and roamed far across the land.
0:34:00 > 0:34:03- Therefore, - the animals were uncontrollable.
0:34:03 > 0:34:08- They were worth some money - and their meat was cheap.
0:34:08 > 0:34:11- Everything was cheap - and easy to sell.
0:34:12 > 0:34:18- I'm sure the horses behind you - have assisted you over the years.
0:34:18 > 0:34:23- I went to school on horseback.
0:34:24 > 0:34:30- I lived five kilometres away - from the school.
0:34:30 > 0:34:34- Three of us rode on one horse - and two on another.
0:34:34 > 0:34:37- The horses were called - Sam and Corconcho.
0:34:37 > 0:34:42- It was an hour-long ride to school - and an hour to come home.
0:34:42 > 0:34:45- It was a two-hour round journey.
0:34:45 > 0:34:51- You had to drum-up a lot of - enthusiasm to learn after it!
0:34:52 > 0:34:55- Tell us about the changes - that have occurred here.
0:34:56 > 0:34:58- The changes are incredible.
0:34:58 > 0:35:04- I often tell my wife - that life is different today.
0:35:05 > 0:35:11- We visit the town - two or three times a day.
0:35:12 > 0:35:16- In the past, we'd arrange - our visit a week beforehand.
0:35:16 > 0:35:20- Who was going to town to fetch what?
0:35:20 > 0:35:23- What horses would we take...
0:35:23 > 0:35:27- ..and what did we need - to buy and sell?
0:35:28 > 0:35:34- We had to stay there overnight.
0:35:34 > 0:35:38- We'd stay with a relative - or someone.
0:35:38 > 0:35:42- This was especially during winter - when it was cold and wet.
0:35:43 > 0:35:46- The roads were poor - and the rivers flooded.
0:35:47 > 0:35:53- It was cold. Days were short - and the nights were long.
0:35:53 > 0:35:55- It's now a faster pace of life.
0:35:56 > 0:35:58- It's incredible - how much it's changed.
0:35:59 > 0:36:05- Are you concerned about the future - of the Welsh language in The Colony?
0:36:05 > 0:36:10- I don't know if I worry too much - or enough about it.
0:36:11 > 0:36:14- I don't understand what's happened.
0:36:15 > 0:36:21- I often talk of another revival.
0:36:22 > 0:36:27- People have said this - for many years.
0:36:29 > 0:36:33- Children will converse, sing - and recite in Welsh...
0:36:33 > 0:36:37- ..but don't have any Welsh roots.
0:36:37 > 0:36:40- I've heard a lot about you...
0:36:40 > 0:36:44- ..and I'd like to hear you play - the accordion.
0:36:44 > 0:36:50- # By the seashore - there are red roses
0:36:51 > 0:36:55- # By the seashore - there are white lilies
0:36:56 > 0:37:01- # By the seashore my love and I
0:37:01 > 0:37:09- # Sleep the night - and rise at daybreak
0:37:09 > 0:37:16- # Across the sea is my heart
0:37:16 > 0:37:22- # Across the sea is my hopes
0:37:22 > 0:37:27- # Across the sea is my dearest
0:37:27 > 0:37:35- # Who is in my thoughts every minute
0:37:35 > 0:37:41- # Across the sea is my dearest
0:37:41 > 0:37:47- # Who is in my thoughts - every minute #
0:37:52 > 0:37:54- It was alright.
0:38:05 > 0:38:05- .
0:38:08 > 0:38:10- Subtitles
0:38:23 > 0:38:25- Argentina is a huge country.
0:38:25 > 0:38:28- It's around 5,000 miles - from the north to south.
0:38:29 > 0:38:32- The Chubut Province - which includes Esquel, Trevelin...
0:38:33 > 0:38:37- ..and the Chubut Valley is more - than three times the size of Wales.
0:38:38 > 0:38:42- Today, my journey takes me to - the foot of the Andes in Trevelin.
0:38:42 > 0:38:48- The area's tourism industry has - grown considerably in recent years.
0:38:48 > 0:38:53- People come here to ski, - climb mountains and to go fishing.
0:38:53 > 0:38:59- This area is known as Cwm Hyfryd and - it's like a little piece of heaven.
0:38:59 > 0:39:02- Tell me about the history - of Sendero Lodge.
0:39:03 > 0:39:06- Elin, welcome to Sendero Lodge.
0:39:07 > 0:39:11- Sendero Lodge is a hotel - which welcomes fishermen.
0:39:12 > 0:39:15- We also welcome those - who just want to relax.
0:39:15 > 0:39:20- I was born in the area...
0:39:21 > 0:39:26- ..so I'm the perfect person to show - the wonders of this place to others.
0:39:26 > 0:39:28- Are we going fishing?
0:39:28 > 0:39:31- Yes, if you would like to.
0:39:31 > 0:39:37- We headed towards the river and - admired the surrounding landscape.
0:39:37 > 0:39:41- It's no wonder that fishermen - flock to this area of Argentina...
0:39:41 > 0:39:46- ..as it's the closest - you'll get to paradise.
0:39:46 > 0:39:50- We fish for trout in Patagonia.
0:39:50 > 0:39:55- We have rainbow, - brown and stream trout.
0:39:55 > 0:40:00- It's also possible to catch salmon - from the Pacific Ocean.
0:40:00 > 0:40:02- Do you eat the fish you catch?
0:40:02 > 0:40:05- We like to return - what we catch to the river.
0:40:06 > 0:40:10- It maintains a good level of fish - for everyone.
0:40:10 > 0:40:12- You prefer to eat meat in Argentina.
0:40:13 > 0:40:16- Yes, we have very good meat - in Argentina.
0:40:19 > 0:40:23- My time came - to attempt to catch a trout.
0:40:26 > 0:40:28- I didn't expect to be any good.
0:40:28 > 0:40:31- However, I was willing - to give it a try...
0:40:31 > 0:40:34- ..and to try again and again.
0:40:34 > 0:40:37- There aren't any fish here!
0:40:37 > 0:40:41- There are plenty of fish - but they're difficult to catch.
0:40:41 > 0:40:43- They're scared of me!
0:40:43 > 0:40:45- No, you're doing well.
0:40:45 > 0:40:48- Thank you, Richard.
0:40:48 > 0:40:50- No, I didn't catch anything.
0:40:50 > 0:40:56- I doubt Richard will call upon my - help when he needs a helping hand!
0:41:04 > 0:41:07- There's a strong Welsh community - in Cwm Hyfryd.
0:41:07 > 0:41:12- Whilst I'm in Trevelin, - I've come to meet the youngsters...
0:41:12 > 0:41:18- ..who are working hard to come up - with ideas to sustain the language.
0:41:18 > 0:41:20- Hello Iwan Madog, how are you?
0:41:20 > 0:41:22- Hello Iwan Madog, how are you?- - I'm well, thank you.
0:41:22 > 0:41:26- I've come all the way to Argentina - to find a boy from Porthmadog!
0:41:27 > 0:41:29- Sorry, I'm not Argentinean.
0:41:29 > 0:41:31- Why are you on your bike?
0:41:31 > 0:41:35- I'm going to record a radio show - if you would like to join me?
0:41:36 > 0:41:38- Yes, let's go.
0:41:39 > 0:41:43- Iwan works for the Welsh language - initiative in Patagonia...
0:41:43 > 0:41:46- ..to promote the Welsh language.
0:41:46 > 0:41:50- He also co-presents a weekly - radio show called Jam Llaeth...
0:41:51 > 0:41:55- ..with local girl, Sara Green.
0:41:55 > 0:41:59- Hello, how are you?
0:42:02 > 0:42:06- Iwan and Sara, - tell me about the radio station.
0:42:06 > 0:42:09- The show was started in 1999...
0:42:10 > 0:42:13- ..with another Welsh teacher - called Sioned Hughes.
0:42:13 > 0:42:16- We were on air together until 2003.
0:42:17 > 0:42:20- This year, we resurrected the show.
0:42:20 > 0:42:25- It's the only show of its kind - as it's a Welsh and Spanish show.
0:42:26 > 0:42:31- It's a fun programme that plays - pop, folk and rock music.
0:42:31 > 0:42:35- When people think - of our Welsh culture...
0:42:35 > 0:42:40- ..people will often associate us - with hymns, tea and Dafydd Iwan!
0:42:40 > 0:42:46- There's nothing wrong with those - but there's also another side.
0:42:47 > 0:42:52- We must show children and youngsters - that our culture is alive...
0:42:53 > 0:42:57- ..and that it's worth learning - the Welsh language.
0:43:04 > 0:43:09- After a warm welcome and - special experiences in Cwm Hyfryd...
0:43:09 > 0:43:13- ..it was time to make my way back - towards the Chubut Valley.
0:43:14 > 0:43:18- After spending so much time - in the valley...
0:43:19 > 0:43:22- ..I felt like I was on my way home.
0:43:22 > 0:43:26- Since the Welsh arrived, - there's been a school in Gaiman...
0:43:27 > 0:43:32- ..and providing an education for the - children continues to be important.
0:43:32 > 0:43:34- There's an annual tradition...
0:43:35 > 0:43:41- ..where a Welsh teacher comes to - work at the Camwy secondary school.
0:43:41 > 0:43:45- This year, the inhabitants - of the school house...
0:43:46 > 0:43:51- ..are Ann-Marie and her husband, - Tito along with their children.
0:43:51 > 0:43:55- We've been very lucky to come here - and to live in this house.
0:43:56 > 0:44:00- We're here as a family which - is different to others before us.
0:44:00 > 0:44:06- Ann-Marie are visiting - Patagonia for only a year.
0:44:06 > 0:44:09- However, Tito's roots - are in the Valley.
0:44:10 > 0:44:14- My great-great-grandfather - originally came from Aberystwyth.
0:44:14 > 0:44:19- Lewis Davies was one of the first to - establish the Welsh Colony in 1865.
0:44:19 > 0:44:25- When I met Ann-Marie, I moved - to live in Wales for 13 years.
0:44:25 > 0:44:31- However, we're back here again as - teachers and development officers.
0:44:31 > 0:44:36- What is life like for someone - who speaks Welsh in the Colony?
0:44:36 > 0:44:40- We're involved with the other - Welsh speakers in the area.
0:44:40 > 0:44:43- We see them every day in our work.
0:44:43 > 0:44:48- We'll go out for a walk - with the children, eat ice cream...
0:44:48 > 0:44:51- ..and make the most - of the pleasant weather.
0:44:51 > 0:44:54- It's completely different to Wales.
0:44:54 > 0:44:58- People aren't materialistic - and there's emphasis on socializing.
0:44:59 > 0:45:02- We're enjoying - a different sort of life here.
0:45:03 > 0:45:07- Nearby on David Roberts Road...
0:45:08 > 0:45:11- ..another family enjoy living here.
0:45:11 > 0:45:17- Billy and Gladys Hughes - are both fluent Welsh speakers.
0:45:18 > 0:45:20- The four sides of my family - come from Wales.
0:45:21 > 0:45:27- They came from Llanelwedd - near Builth Wells, Llanuwchllyn...
0:45:27 > 0:45:33- ..and the other side of my family - comes from the Nantlle Valley...
0:45:33 > 0:45:37- ..and the failed Welsh Colony - that was established in Brazil.
0:45:37 > 0:45:41- It was established - before the Colony in Patagonia.
0:45:41 > 0:45:45- They came from Brazil - to live here in Patagonia.
0:45:46 > 0:45:50- For the past decade, - Billy has been a member...
0:45:50 > 0:45:54- ..of the popular music group, - Hogiau'r Wilber.
0:45:54 > 0:45:57- They host concerts - all over Patagonia...
0:45:57 > 0:46:00- ..and have also entertained - audiences in Wales.
0:46:01 > 0:46:05- # A pure heart full of goodness #
0:46:06 > 0:46:09- This house is a very musical home...
0:46:09 > 0:46:13- ..as Gladys also arranges - singing services or a Cymanfa.
0:46:14 > 0:46:18- Both of them are very active - within the Welsh community.
0:46:18 > 0:46:21- It's something - that's very natural to us.
0:46:21 > 0:46:27- We've been born and raised here - to the tune of the Welsh language.
0:46:27 > 0:46:29- However, we are Argentineans.
0:46:29 > 0:46:35- When we got married, we decided - to speak Welsh to our children.
0:46:35 > 0:46:41- As children, we received - the same opportunity...
0:46:41 > 0:46:45- ..so we were determined - to do the same for our children.
0:46:45 > 0:46:49- My time in Patagonia - was drawing to an end...
0:46:49 > 0:46:52- ..but there was one more thing - that I had to do.
0:46:52 > 0:46:56- I was determined to spend - an evening in a Quincho.
0:46:56 > 0:46:59- It's a building at the end - of every family's garden...
0:47:00 > 0:47:03- ..to prepare meat or to entertain - and sing with friends.
0:47:04 > 0:47:07- # The evening has come to an end #
0:47:08 > 0:47:10- Cheers!
0:47:10 > 0:47:14- Billy, I can't think of a better way - to end my trip to Patagonia...
0:47:15 > 0:47:19- ..than sampling your way of life - and this asado dish.
0:47:20 > 0:47:25- Yes, the best way to end your trip - is with a real Patagonian asado.
0:47:25 > 0:47:28- What is this? - I can see there's plenty of meat.
0:47:28 > 0:47:32- If I had more time, - I would've prepared a whole lamb.
0:47:32 > 0:47:35- That's the most traditional dish.
0:47:35 > 0:47:41- However, I'm making - pork sausages and some beef.
0:47:41 > 0:47:43- There's a fantastic aroma here.
0:47:43 > 0:47:47- How often would you prepare - something like this?
0:47:47 > 0:47:49- Too often!
0:47:51 > 0:47:55- I'd never sampled - such wonderful meat.
0:47:56 > 0:47:59- It's a shame that Argentina - and the chef, Billy...
0:47:59 > 0:48:03- ..are so far away from Anglesey!
0:48:03 > 0:48:06- Billy and Gladys, - thanks for your welcome...
0:48:06 > 0:48:10- ..and to everyone who's welcomed us - to the Welsh Colony.
0:48:10 > 0:48:13- It's been unforgettable.
0:48:13 > 0:48:15- It's been unforgettable.- - Cheers!
0:48:17 > 0:48:22- The people were also fantastic - and very welcoming.
0:48:23 > 0:48:27- I got the feeling that they enjoyed - welcoming people from Wales.
0:48:27 > 0:48:31- As someone who enjoys singing, - eating and chatting...
0:48:31 > 0:48:33- ..I was in heaven!
0:48:42 > 0:48:47- It's been a battle ever since the - Welsh arrived here, 150 years ago.
0:48:48 > 0:48:53- They landed at Puerto Madryn - and arrived in the wilderness...
0:48:53 > 0:48:59- ..before travelling to the valley - and discovering the Chubut River.
0:48:59 > 0:49:04- Incredibly, 150 years later, the - Welsh language can still be heard.
0:49:05 > 0:49:09- I've travelled all over Patagonia - and met so many residents.
0:49:09 > 0:49:15- We're gradually losing - the Colony's older generation.
0:49:15 > 0:49:19- However, it won't be the end - of the Welsh Colony...
0:49:19 > 0:49:23- ..thanks to the enthusiasm - of the next generation.
0:49:23 > 0:49:27- It's been a memorable adventure...
0:49:27 > 0:49:31- ..and I'll never forget - the Welsh Argentineans.
0:49:31 > 0:49:34- Until next time, farewell Patagonia.
0:49:47 > 0:49:49- S4C Subtitles by Tinopolis
0:49:49 > 0:49:50- .