0:00:17 > 0:00:19APPLAUSE
0:00:19 > 0:00:21University Challenge.
0:00:22 > 0:00:25Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:28 > 0:00:29Hello.
0:00:29 > 0:00:33From around 130 teams who applied to take part in this series,
0:00:33 > 0:00:36we're down to the best four because tonight sees
0:00:36 > 0:00:40the first of the two semifinal matches, the winners of which
0:00:40 > 0:00:43will meet on the series final in a couple of weeks' time.
0:00:43 > 0:00:46Tonight's fixture is a particularly intriguing one
0:00:46 > 0:00:51because the two teams competing have already met earlier in the series.
0:00:51 > 0:00:54The team from Trinity College, Cambridge have cut a polite
0:00:54 > 0:00:56but ruthless swathe through the field so far.
0:00:56 > 0:01:00Their victims being Christchurch, Oxford, Peterhouse, Cambridge,
0:01:00 > 0:01:03the London School of African and Oriental studies,
0:01:03 > 0:01:06and tonight's opponents, Manchester University.
0:01:06 > 0:01:08Hoping that history does indeed repeat itself,
0:01:08 > 0:01:11let's meet the Trinity team for the fifth time.
0:01:11 > 0:01:13Hi, I'm Matthew Ridley.
0:01:13 > 0:01:16I'm from Northumberland and I'm studying economics.
0:01:16 > 0:01:18Hi, I'm Philip Drnovsek Zorko.
0:01:18 > 0:01:21- I'm from Slovenia and I'm studying natural sciences.- And their captain.
0:01:21 > 0:01:22Hello, I'm Ralph Morley.
0:01:22 > 0:01:26I'm from Ashford in Kent and I'm studying classics.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28Hello, I'm Richard Freeland.
0:01:28 > 0:01:31I'm from Cowbridge in Glamorgan and I'm studying mathematics.
0:01:31 > 0:01:32APPLAUSE
0:01:36 > 0:01:39Manchester University has proved itself to be one of the big guns
0:01:39 > 0:01:41of this competition in recent years
0:01:41 > 0:01:42and tonight's team have already
0:01:42 > 0:01:45seen off Brasenose College, Oxford, Queens College, Cambridge,
0:01:45 > 0:01:48and the universities of Cardiff and Southampton.
0:01:48 > 0:01:52The only fly in the ointment is that quarterfinal defeat I mentioned.
0:01:52 > 0:01:55Confident that history doesn't repeat itself,
0:01:55 > 0:01:58let's meet the Manchester team for the sixth time.
0:01:58 > 0:02:03Hi, my name is Edward Woudhuysen. I'm from London and I'm studying history.
0:02:03 > 0:02:04Hi, I'm Joe Day.
0:02:04 > 0:02:07I'm from Bideford in Devon and I'm studying physics and astrophysics.
0:02:07 > 0:02:09And we'll meet the Manchester captain again.
0:02:09 > 0:02:10Hi, I'm Elizabeth Mitchell.
0:02:10 > 0:02:13I'm from Birmingham and I'm studying politics, philosophy and economics.
0:02:13 > 0:02:15Hello, I'm Jonathan Collings.
0:02:15 > 0:02:17I'm from Manchester and I'm studying geography.
0:02:17 > 0:02:19APPLAUSE
0:02:23 > 0:02:26Well, you all know the rules. The whole world knows the rules!
0:02:26 > 0:02:29So fingers on the buzzers, here's your first starter for ten.
0:02:29 > 0:02:32Popularised by the historian Arnold Toynbee,
0:02:32 > 0:02:35what two-word term refers to the period of rapid economic,
0:02:35 > 0:02:37demographic and technological change...?
0:02:37 > 0:02:38BUZZER
0:02:38 > 0:02:39Trinity, Ridley.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41Industrial Revolution. Correct.
0:02:41 > 0:02:43APPLAUSE
0:02:43 > 0:02:47Right, the first set of bonuses, Trinity College, are on a song.
0:02:47 > 0:02:51Of the several recordings of this famous patriotic song, few can match
0:02:51 > 0:02:55that by Cilla Black, recorded when Swinging London was at its height.
0:02:55 > 0:02:59These words refer to which song, first performed in 1740?
0:02:59 > 0:03:04- Is it Rule Britannia?- OK. - Rule Britannia.- Indeed.
0:03:04 > 0:03:06The Scottish-born poet James Thomson wrote
0:03:06 > 0:03:11the words of Rule Britannia. Which English composer wrote the music?
0:03:11 > 0:03:13- It's Thomas Arne. Thomas Arne. - Correct.
0:03:13 > 0:03:17Implying, according to Nigel Rees, a "boastful assertion
0:03:17 > 0:03:19"rather than a poetic exhortation",
0:03:19 > 0:03:23what five letter main verb is heard in Cilla Black's recording
0:03:23 > 0:03:25and at the last night of the Proms,
0:03:25 > 0:03:28but does not appear in Thomson's original work?
0:03:30 > 0:03:33So let's go through the lyrics.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36THEY CONFER INDISTINCTLY
0:03:36 > 0:03:38Rules, rules.
0:03:38 > 0:03:40- Try it.- Rules.- Correct.
0:03:40 > 0:03:43Ten points for this.
0:03:43 > 0:03:46"Some men think the Earth is round, others think it flat.
0:03:46 > 0:03:47"It is a matter capable..."
0:03:47 > 0:03:49- BUZZER - Trinity, Drnovsek Zorko.
0:03:49 > 0:03:52- Isaac Asimov. - No, you lose five points.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55"It is a matter capable of question, but if it is flat,
0:03:55 > 0:04:00"will the King's command make it round? No, I will not sign."
0:04:00 > 0:04:04These are the words of which statesman in a play by Robert Bolt?
0:04:04 > 0:04:06- BUZZER - Manchester, Collings. - Thomas More.
0:04:06 > 0:04:09Sir Thomas More is right. In A Man For All Seasons.
0:04:09 > 0:04:10APPLAUSE
0:04:10 > 0:04:14Right, these bonuses are on US state governors, Manchester.
0:04:14 > 0:04:17An opponent of the Ku Klux Klan, Miriam Ferguson became
0:04:17 > 0:04:21the first female governor of which US state in 1925?
0:04:21 > 0:04:23She had assured voters that if elected,
0:04:23 > 0:04:25she would follow the advice of her husband,
0:04:25 > 0:04:31a former governor impeached for financial irregularities in 1917.
0:04:31 > 0:04:34THEY CONFER INDISTINCTLY
0:04:35 > 0:04:38I think Georgia's probably the most Ku Klux Klan state.
0:04:38 > 0:04:40- Go for it.- Georgia.- No, it's Texas.
0:04:40 > 0:04:44Elected governor of Texas on the Democratic ticket in 1963,
0:04:44 > 0:04:47John Connelly later served as Secretary of the Treasury
0:04:47 > 0:04:51under which Republican president?
0:04:51 > 0:04:53Do you think it was Nixon?
0:04:53 > 0:04:57- Could be Ford as well. - We just need one.
0:04:57 > 0:04:59- Go for Nixon.- Nixon.
0:04:59 > 0:05:00Nixon's correct.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03The first and third president of the Republic of Texas
0:05:03 > 0:05:04and later its governor,
0:05:04 > 0:05:08which statesman gives his surname to a major city on the Gulf of Mexico?
0:05:11 > 0:05:15- Sam Houston?- Let's go with that, yeah. Sam Houston.- Correct.
0:05:15 > 0:05:16Ten points for this.
0:05:16 > 0:05:19Which vegetable links a short, double-breasted overcoat,
0:05:19 > 0:05:21formerly worn by sailors...
0:05:21 > 0:05:22- BUZZER - Manchester, Mitchell.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24- Pea.- Pea is correct, yes.
0:05:24 > 0:05:25APPLAUSE
0:05:27 > 0:05:31These bonuses are on synthetic elements of the periodic table,
0:05:31 > 0:05:37Manchester. Formerly known as ununquadium and ununhexium,
0:05:37 > 0:05:40two superheavy elements numbered 114 and 116,
0:05:40 > 0:05:42were officially renamed in May 2012,
0:05:42 > 0:05:46each after a physics laboratory involved in their characterisation.
0:05:46 > 0:05:49Give me either of the new names.
0:05:51 > 0:05:56- Can I nominate?- I think Flerovium.
0:05:56 > 0:06:00But I'm not sure if I can pronounce them. I'm not sure which one to say.
0:06:00 > 0:06:05- Nominate Day.- Um, Libnorium? Livornium?- Yeah, you've got it.
0:06:05 > 0:06:07Livermorium. That's right, yes.
0:06:07 > 0:06:10It's the Lawrence Livermore laboratory in California.
0:06:10 > 0:06:13The other one is Flerovium, after Flerov in Russia.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16In 1937, which element with the atomic number 43
0:06:16 > 0:06:19and no stable isotopes was the first to be discovered by synthesis
0:06:19 > 0:06:22rather than by its presence in natural materials?
0:06:23 > 0:06:26- I think technetium.- Technetium. - Technetium is correct.
0:06:26 > 0:06:31Unbihexium, an as yet unsynthesised element with the atomic number 126,
0:06:31 > 0:06:33may possess some long-lived isotopes
0:06:33 > 0:06:37for such a heavy element, thus putting it near the peak
0:06:37 > 0:06:40of what hypothetical geographical realm of nuclear physics?
0:06:45 > 0:06:48- I don't know. Superheavy elements, maybe?- Superheavy elements?
0:06:48 > 0:06:50No, it's the island of stability.
0:06:50 > 0:06:52We're going to take a picture round now.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55For your picture starter, you'll see the epigraph
0:06:55 > 0:06:56of a 20th century poem.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59Ten points if you can give me the title of the poem.
0:07:00 > 0:07:01BUZZER
0:07:01 > 0:07:03- Manchester, Woudhuysen. - The Waste Land.
0:07:03 > 0:07:04It is The Waste Land, yes.
0:07:04 > 0:07:06APPLAUSE
0:07:07 > 0:07:10Eliot used lines from the Satyricon of Petroneus
0:07:10 > 0:07:12for his epigraph to The Waste Land.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15Your bonus is three extracts from poems that include lines in Latin.
0:07:15 > 0:07:19I want the name of the poet in each case, please. Firstly for five.
0:07:23 > 0:07:25How doth the busy bee...
0:07:27 > 0:07:33- Is it Lewis Carroll?- Do we need the poem? Do we need the poem, sorry?
0:07:33 > 0:07:37- I need the poet.- Lewis Carroll.- No, it's Emily Dickenson. Secondly...
0:07:46 > 0:07:51- Any ideas?- Dunne, maybe?- Dunne. - I don't recognise... Try Dunne.
0:07:51 > 0:07:52Dunne?
0:07:52 > 0:07:56No, it's Thomas Wyatt. And finally, this.
0:07:59 > 0:08:02- God, I know this. Oh, Wilfred Owen. - Yeah.- Wilfred Owen?- Well done.
0:08:02 > 0:08:04Ten points for this. In mathematics,
0:08:04 > 0:08:07what name is given to the simplest example of a Brunnian link
0:08:07 > 0:08:11in which the three interwoven circles are arranged so that
0:08:11 > 0:08:15the removal of any one circle leaves the remaining two unlinked?
0:08:15 > 0:08:17BUZZER
0:08:17 > 0:08:19- Manchester, Day.- Mandelbrot set?
0:08:19 > 0:08:21No. Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:08:21 > 0:08:23- BUZZER - Trinity, Freeland.
0:08:23 > 0:08:26- The Borromean rings?- Correct.
0:08:26 > 0:08:27APPLAUSE
0:08:28 > 0:08:33Trinity, these bonuses are on deities of the ancient near East.
0:08:33 > 0:08:35To which Canaanite idol were child sacrifices made
0:08:35 > 0:08:37in the ancient near East?
0:08:37 > 0:08:41The same figure appears in Milton's Paradise Lost, described as,
0:08:41 > 0:08:45"Horrid king, besmeared with blood of human sacrifice
0:08:45 > 0:08:48- "and parents' tears."- Baal?
0:08:48 > 0:08:49- Baal.- No, it's Moloch.
0:08:49 > 0:08:51A goddess of war and sexual love,
0:08:51 > 0:08:55the Semitic goddess Ishtar is often known by what Greek name, for
0:08:55 > 0:09:00example in the title of a painting of 1877 by Dante Gabriel Rossetti?
0:09:00 > 0:09:03- Inanna?- No, it's Astarte.
0:09:03 > 0:09:06And finally, also called the Lord of Rain and Dew,
0:09:06 > 0:09:11which god of fertility derives its name from the Hebrew word for Lord?
0:09:11 > 0:09:15- Its cult among Israelites was attacked by Elijah.- Baal.
0:09:15 > 0:09:17That is Baal, yes. Ten points for this.
0:09:17 > 0:09:19After a historical region of western France,
0:09:19 > 0:09:22what term is used of the early Plantagenet kings of England?
0:09:22 > 0:09:23That is, Henry the...
0:09:23 > 0:09:25- BUZZER - Trinity, Morley.- Angevin.
0:09:25 > 0:09:27Angevin is right, yes.
0:09:27 > 0:09:29APPLAUSE
0:09:29 > 0:09:32Your bonuses are on British birds with similar names
0:09:32 > 0:09:34in the words of the RSPB website.
0:09:34 > 0:09:38In each case, give the common name from the description.
0:09:38 > 0:09:40Phylloscopus collybita.
0:09:40 > 0:09:42Less bright than the similar willow warbler,
0:09:42 > 0:09:45and readily distinguished by its song, from where it gets its name.
0:09:47 > 0:09:51- It's going to be a warbler.- Something warbler.- Yeah, it's going to be...
0:09:51 > 0:09:54I can think of a reed warbler. That doesn't indicate its song.
0:09:54 > 0:09:57Dartford warbler. No, that's not going to be it.
0:09:57 > 0:10:01Warbler couldn't represent its song, so maybe something else.
0:10:01 > 0:10:03- Reed warbler?- No, it's a Chiffchaff.
0:10:03 > 0:10:06Secondly, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
0:10:06 > 0:10:11has a red bill and legs unlike any other member of the crow family.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14It has a restricted westerly distribution in the British Isles.
0:10:14 > 0:10:17- Chough, I think, cos they're found in Cornwall.- OK.- Chough?- Correct.
0:10:17 > 0:10:22Fringilla coelebs, The UK's second commonest breeding bird
0:10:22 > 0:10:24and is arguably the most colourful of the UK's finches.
0:10:24 > 0:10:27You'll usually hear them before you see them
0:10:27 > 0:10:29with their loud song and varied calls.
0:10:29 > 0:10:31- Goldfinch?- Chaffinch.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34- Chaffinch? - Correct. Ten points for this.
0:10:34 > 0:10:35What two-word name denotes
0:10:35 > 0:10:37the largely continuous ridge
0:10:37 > 0:10:40of north-south trending mountain summits in western North America?
0:10:40 > 0:10:42Running mainly along the crest of the Rocky Mountains...
0:10:42 > 0:10:46- BUZZER - Rocky Mountains? - I'm afraid you lose five points.
0:10:46 > 0:10:48Running mainly along the crest of the Rocky Mountains,
0:10:48 > 0:10:51it separates the principal drainage into that flowing eastward
0:10:51 > 0:10:53and that flowing westward.
0:10:53 > 0:10:55- BUZZER - Continental Divide?
0:10:55 > 0:10:57Or the Great Divide, yes.
0:10:57 > 0:11:00APPLAUSE
0:11:00 > 0:11:02These bonuses are on George Bernard Shaw.
0:11:02 > 0:11:06Give the two words that complete this observation by Shaw
0:11:06 > 0:11:07in The Apple Cart.
0:11:07 > 0:11:10"What Englishman will give his mind to politics as long as he can
0:11:10 > 0:11:12"afford to keep a..." what?
0:11:13 > 0:11:18- Oh, something like a full cellar? - Yeah, full cellar?
0:11:18 > 0:11:19Full cellar?
0:11:19 > 0:11:20No, it's a motor car.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24What, according to Shaw, in The Devil's Disciple
0:11:24 > 0:11:28"Is the only way in which a man can become famous without ability?"
0:11:28 > 0:11:31Um... Is it something like...
0:11:31 > 0:11:33- It's something like "through politics."- Something like what?
0:11:33 > 0:11:35Or was it the Army? Was it "through the Army?"
0:11:35 > 0:11:37Try it.
0:11:37 > 0:11:39- "Through the Army"? - No, it's martyrdom.
0:11:39 > 0:11:41And finally, in Man And Superman,
0:11:41 > 0:11:45Shaw says that what form of government "substitutes election
0:11:45 > 0:11:49"by the incompetent many for appointment by the corrupt few?"
0:11:49 > 0:11:50- Democracy?- Democracy?
0:11:50 > 0:11:53Correct. Ten points for this. Listen carefully.
0:11:53 > 0:11:56What percentage is the thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine
0:11:56 > 0:12:00that operates between two heat reservoirs
0:12:00 > 0:12:04of temperature 300 Kelvin and 400 Kelvin respectively?
0:12:04 > 0:12:06BUZZER 25%?
0:12:06 > 0:12:07Correct.
0:12:07 > 0:12:10Next time you buzz, you must answer straightaway though.
0:12:10 > 0:12:13Right, your bonuses are on mathematics, Trinity.
0:12:13 > 0:12:15The quadratic equation
0:12:15 > 0:12:19ax(squared) + bx + c = 0
0:12:19 > 0:12:20has a repeated or double root
0:12:20 > 0:12:24if the quantity b(squared) - 4ac = 0
0:12:24 > 0:12:26What name is given to this quantity?
0:12:26 > 0:12:28Discriminant.
0:12:28 > 0:12:30- The discriminant?- Correct.
0:12:30 > 0:12:33What is the numerical value of the repeated or double root
0:12:33 > 0:12:34of the equation
0:12:34 > 0:12:374x(squared) + 4x + 1?
0:12:37 > 0:12:39Um...
0:12:39 > 0:12:41-0.5
0:12:41 > 0:12:42-0.5?
0:12:42 > 0:12:43Correct.
0:12:43 > 0:12:44The equation
0:12:44 > 0:12:48x(cubed) + 4x(squared) + 5x + 2 = 0
0:12:48 > 0:12:52has a double root at x = -1
0:12:52 > 0:12:54What's the value of its other root?
0:12:55 > 0:12:58- 2?- 2, do you think 2?
0:12:58 > 0:13:00Hang on, what was it, x(cubed)?
0:13:00 > 0:13:02X(cubed) + 5x(squared) and 4x.
0:13:02 > 0:13:04It's going to double over to -1...
0:13:04 > 0:13:07What was the final coefficient, cos that's a...
0:13:07 > 0:13:082, I think.
0:13:08 > 0:13:10-2.
0:13:10 > 0:13:12- -2.- -2 is right.
0:13:12 > 0:13:13Ten points for this.
0:13:14 > 0:13:19Peter Porcupine was a pseudonym of which political writer born in 1763?
0:13:19 > 0:13:22An advocate of parliamentary reform, he is perhaps best known
0:13:22 > 0:13:25for the series of essays entitled Rural Rides.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27- BUZZER - Cobden?
0:13:27 > 0:13:30No, Manchester, one of you buzz.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32- Cobbett?- That's correct, yes.
0:13:32 > 0:13:35Right, you get a set of bonuses now, Manchester, on sport,
0:13:35 > 0:13:37politics and the English language.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40Concatenating the two-letter top-level domain codes
0:13:40 > 0:13:45of the Fifa World Cup hosts in 1998 and 1990,
0:13:45 > 0:13:49gives what short English dialect word?
0:13:49 > 0:13:53- France and Italy. France was '98... - So, "frit", as in making frit.
0:13:53 > 0:13:57- Frit.- Frit is correct.
0:13:57 > 0:13:59"The right honourable gentleman is afraid of an election, is he?
0:13:59 > 0:14:02"Afraid? Frightened? Frit?" Which political figure made
0:14:02 > 0:14:05a memorable lapse into dialect with those words in April 1983?
0:14:05 > 0:14:07- Maggie Thatcher?- Correct.
0:14:07 > 0:14:11To which senior Labour politician did Thatcher address this remark?
0:14:11 > 0:14:15- He was Chancellor of the Exchequer from '74 to '79.- Is that Healey?
0:14:15 > 0:14:17- I think it's Healey. - Yes, yeah.- Healey?
0:14:17 > 0:14:20Denis Healey's right, he was Deputy Leader of the party at the time.
0:14:22 > 0:14:24Right, we're going to take a music round now.
0:14:24 > 0:14:27For your music starter you'll hear a piece of classical music.
0:14:27 > 0:14:31Ten points if you can give me the name of the British composer.
0:14:31 > 0:14:34CLASSICAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:14:37 > 0:14:40- BUZZER - Delius?
0:14:40 > 0:14:42Delius is right. La Calinda.
0:14:42 > 0:14:45APPLAUSE
0:14:45 > 0:14:48Now, in 1925 Frederick Delius was a recipient of
0:14:48 > 0:14:50The Royal Philharmonic Society's Gold Medal Award
0:14:50 > 0:14:51for outstanding musicianship.
0:14:51 > 0:14:55For your bonuses you'll hear pieces associated with three more
0:14:55 > 0:14:57recipients of this award.
0:14:57 > 0:14:59Five points in each case if you can tell me who they are.
0:14:59 > 0:15:04Firstly, the musician performing here, he received the award in 1962.
0:15:04 > 0:15:07CLASSICAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:15:19 > 0:15:22Can you think of an outstanding violinist other than Menuhin?
0:15:22 > 0:15:25THEY CHATTER
0:15:25 > 0:15:28- It's not...?- No, '62.
0:15:28 > 0:15:30Let's go for Menuhin.
0:15:30 > 0:15:31Menuhin?
0:15:31 > 0:15:33It is Yehudi Menuhin, yes.
0:15:33 > 0:15:36Secondly, this opera singer, honoured in 2002.
0:15:36 > 0:15:39OPERA MUSIC PLAYS
0:15:40 > 0:15:43Is it too late for Dame Joan Sutherland?
0:15:49 > 0:15:50I think it is her.
0:15:50 > 0:15:53- Joan Sutherland? - Dame Joan Sutherland.
0:15:53 > 0:15:54- Sutherland?- Yeah.
0:15:54 > 0:15:56Dame Joan Sutherland?
0:15:56 > 0:15:58Indeed it is, yes.
0:15:58 > 0:16:02And finally, the composer of this piece, a recipient in 1987.
0:16:02 > 0:16:05CLASSICAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:05 > 0:16:07Gosh.
0:16:18 > 0:16:21MUSIC DROWNS OUT VOICES
0:16:25 > 0:16:27No, it's too late, isn't it?
0:16:32 > 0:16:34- Britten? We know it's not. - No, you are quite right, it's not.
0:16:34 > 0:16:37- It's Leonard Bernstein.- Oh! - That's his overture to Candide.
0:16:37 > 0:16:39Right, ten points for this.
0:16:39 > 0:16:42Its name beginning with a diagraph of two consecutive letters
0:16:42 > 0:16:43of the alphabet -
0:16:43 > 0:16:45which large lake in the north of the Netherlands
0:16:45 > 0:16:47was created in the 1930s...
0:16:47 > 0:16:49- BUZZER - IJsselmeer.
0:16:49 > 0:16:51IJsselmeer is right.
0:16:51 > 0:16:53APPLAUSE
0:16:53 > 0:16:56Right, these bonuses are on economics.
0:16:56 > 0:16:59What two-word term refers to a lack of incentive to guard against risk
0:16:59 > 0:17:02when one is protected from its consequences, for example,
0:17:02 > 0:17:07by insurance or when the potential burden will be borne by others?
0:17:07 > 0:17:08- Moral hazard, isn't it?- Yes, yeah.
0:17:08 > 0:17:10- Moral hazard?- Correct.
0:17:10 > 0:17:13The Economics Of Moral Hazard is a work by which US Nobel Laureate,
0:17:13 > 0:17:19also known for the 1971 work Essays In The Theory Of Risk-Bearing?
0:17:19 > 0:17:22- No idea, Friedman? - Yeah, Friedman would be the only...
0:17:22 > 0:17:24I mean, that's his time.
0:17:24 > 0:17:26- Milton Friedman.- Friedman?
0:17:26 > 0:17:27No, it's Kenneth J Arrow.
0:17:27 > 0:17:29And finally, in 2009,
0:17:29 > 0:17:32which Bank of England Governor described government bailouts
0:17:32 > 0:17:36of the banking system as possibly the biggest moral hazard in history?
0:17:36 > 0:17:39- Mervyn King.- Correct. Ten points for this starter question.
0:17:39 > 0:17:42Indicating a state of exuberant elation,
0:17:42 > 0:17:44what three-word hyphenated expression is sometimes said
0:17:44 > 0:17:47to derive from the act of loosening a tap to allow
0:17:47 > 0:17:51liquor to flow freely, but may also refer to pub signs that show
0:17:51 > 0:17:54a male domestic fowl atop a cask or barrel?
0:17:54 > 0:17:56- BUZZER - Cock-a-hoop.
0:17:56 > 0:17:58Cock-a-hoop is right.
0:18:00 > 0:18:03These bonuses are on the historian, Lisa Jardine.
0:18:03 > 0:18:07Lisa Jardine's study of which Renaissance figure is subtitled
0:18:07 > 0:18:09The Construction Of Charisma In Print?
0:18:09 > 0:18:13Born in Rotterdam around 1466, his works include In Praise of Folly.
0:18:13 > 0:18:15- Yeah, that's right. - Erasmus?- Correct.
0:18:15 > 0:18:17Which 16th century Dutch Royal figure
0:18:17 > 0:18:20is the subject of a 2005 work by Jardine subtitled
0:18:20 > 0:18:23The First Assassination Of A Head Of State With A Handgun?
0:18:23 > 0:18:26- It's someone of Orange. - It's not William, is it?
0:18:26 > 0:18:29It's not THAT William, it's not William III, but...
0:18:31 > 0:18:35- William I?- I think he was called William, try William.
0:18:35 > 0:18:39- A William of Orange?- That won't do, it's William the Silent, William I.
0:18:39 > 0:18:42The Man Who Measured London is the subtitle of Jardine's
0:18:42 > 0:18:45biography of which English scientist?
0:18:45 > 0:18:50- Born 1635 he gives his name to a law of elasticity.- It's Hooke. Hooke?
0:18:50 > 0:18:51Hooke is correct.
0:18:51 > 0:18:52Another starter question now.
0:18:52 > 0:18:55Give the three-word name of the office whose holder -
0:18:55 > 0:18:59according to Article 37 of the Articles of the Church of England -
0:18:59 > 0:19:02"Hath no jurisdiction in this Realm of England?"
0:19:02 > 0:19:03- BUZZER - The Bishop of Rome.
0:19:03 > 0:19:04Correct.
0:19:04 > 0:19:07APPLAUSE
0:19:07 > 0:19:10Trinity, your bonuses are on mythological subjects
0:19:10 > 0:19:12in the collection of the Manchester City Art Gallery.
0:19:12 > 0:19:15Firstly, who is the title figure of an 1888 work
0:19:15 > 0:19:17by Lord Frederic Leighton?
0:19:17 > 0:19:21Enslaved and dressed in black, she waits her turn at the well,
0:19:21 > 0:19:25her husband having been killed by Achilles during the Trojan War.
0:19:25 > 0:19:28- Andromache, surely?- Yes.
0:19:28 > 0:19:29- Andromache.- Correct.
0:19:29 > 0:19:32In a work by John William Waterhouse,
0:19:32 > 0:19:34which companion of Hercules is depicted
0:19:34 > 0:19:37being seduced by nymphs while in search of water for the Argonauts?
0:19:38 > 0:19:42- Think of Argonauts. - Well, Jason's one of them.
0:19:42 > 0:19:44- Peleus possibly.- Name...
0:19:44 > 0:19:46Because...Peleus?
0:19:46 > 0:19:48No, it's Hylas. Hylas And The Nymphs.
0:19:48 > 0:19:51In another work by Lord Leighton, who's shown watching in vain
0:19:51 > 0:19:54over the Hellespont for her lover Leander?
0:19:54 > 0:19:56- Hero. Hero?- Hero is correct.
0:19:56 > 0:19:58We're going to take a picture round now.
0:19:59 > 0:20:02For a picture starter, you'll see a painting of a 19th century writer.
0:20:02 > 0:20:04Ten points if you can tell me who he is.
0:20:09 > 0:20:11Is that Carlyle?
0:20:11 > 0:20:13No. Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:20:15 > 0:20:16Quickly.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20Thomas Hardy?
0:20:20 > 0:20:24No, it's Sir Walter Scott, so picture bonuses in a moment or two.
0:20:24 > 0:20:25Ten points for this.
0:20:25 > 0:20:29In topology, which five-letter word describes the number of holes
0:20:29 > 0:20:30that are connected...
0:20:31 > 0:20:33- Genus.- Correct.
0:20:36 > 0:20:38Right, you get the picture bonuses, then.
0:20:38 > 0:20:41Following on from Landseer's portrait of Sir Walter Scott,
0:20:41 > 0:20:43three more paintings of Scottish writers.
0:20:43 > 0:20:46In each case, I want the name of the writer. Firstly, this novelist.
0:20:52 > 0:20:54- Conan-Doyle?- Correct.
0:20:54 > 0:20:56Secondly, this writer, better known for children's literature.
0:20:58 > 0:21:01- JM Barrie?- JM Barrie?
0:21:01 > 0:21:02Correct. Finally, this.
0:21:04 > 0:21:06- Robert Burns.- Robert Burns.
0:21:06 > 0:21:08Correct. Ten points for this.
0:21:08 > 0:21:11What literary work links the surnames of the author
0:21:11 > 0:21:13of The Crucible...
0:21:15 > 0:21:17Miller? Arthur Miller? Arthur.
0:21:17 > 0:21:20No. You lose five points.
0:21:20 > 0:21:21So you get the whole thing, then, Trinity.
0:21:21 > 0:21:23The author of The Crucible,
0:21:23 > 0:21:25a British explorer killed in Hawaii in 1779,
0:21:25 > 0:21:29the collaborator of James Ivory and the US actor who played Superman.
0:21:29 > 0:21:31The Canterbury Tales.
0:21:31 > 0:21:35Yes, indeed. Yes, Miller, Cook, Merchant and Reeves.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38Right, a set of bonuses, this time on biology.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41What is the botanical term for the point on the stem of a plant
0:21:41 > 0:21:43from which one or more leaves arise?
0:21:43 > 0:21:45Oh...
0:21:45 > 0:21:49- It's not the radix, is it?- What? - Radix?- Could be.
0:21:49 > 0:21:51- Radix?- No - it's a node.
0:21:51 > 0:21:54In human physiology, what is controlled by the area
0:21:54 > 0:21:58of specialised muscle fibres known as the sinoatrial node?
0:21:58 > 0:22:01It's flow from the atrium from the ventricle in the heart.
0:22:01 > 0:22:04Er, flow from the atrium to the ventricle in the heart.
0:22:04 > 0:22:06Er, no, it's the heart rate.
0:22:06 > 0:22:07After a 19th century pathologist,
0:22:07 > 0:22:11what name is given to the nodal gaps in the myelin sheath of some axioms
0:22:11 > 0:22:14that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses?
0:22:14 > 0:22:20Ah...the gap...um... It's... Oh...
0:22:20 > 0:22:22Nodes of ran-yer.
0:22:22 > 0:22:24Nodes of ran-yer.
0:22:24 > 0:22:26No, it's the nodes of ran-VIER.
0:22:26 > 0:22:27Ten points for this.
0:22:27 > 0:22:31The French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovered which element
0:22:31 > 0:22:34through the observation of a yellow spectral emission line
0:22:34 > 0:22:37during a solar eclipse of 1868?
0:22:38 > 0:22:39Helium?
0:22:39 > 0:22:40Yes.
0:22:43 > 0:22:46Right, your bonuses, Manchester, are on French towns
0:22:46 > 0:22:49and cities that lie close to the Prime or Greenwich meridian.
0:22:49 > 0:22:51In each case, name the place from the description.
0:22:51 > 0:22:54Firstly, the capital of the historical province of Maine.
0:22:54 > 0:22:57Its motor racing circuit is home to a well-known endurance race.
0:22:57 > 0:22:59- La Maine?- La Maine.
0:22:59 > 0:23:02Correct. The capital of the Calvados department 15 metres
0:23:02 > 0:23:03from the English Channel -
0:23:03 > 0:23:07much of it was destroyed following the Normandy invasion in 1944?
0:23:07 > 0:23:09- Caen?- Correct.
0:23:09 > 0:23:11A pilgrimage centre in the foothills of the Pyrenees, it was
0:23:11 > 0:23:13the birthplace in 1844
0:23:13 > 0:23:16of the religious figure Bernadette Soubirous.
0:23:16 > 0:23:18- Lourdes.- Lourdes is correct.
0:23:18 > 0:23:19Ten points for this.
0:23:19 > 0:23:21Four and a half minutes to go.
0:23:21 > 0:23:23Identify the poet who wrote these lines.
0:23:23 > 0:23:25"I must go down to the sea again."
0:23:25 > 0:23:27Masefield.
0:23:27 > 0:23:28John Masefield is right.
0:23:30 > 0:23:31Right, these bonuses, Trinity,
0:23:31 > 0:23:35are on shorter words that may be made using any of the letters from the word "winsome."
0:23:35 > 0:23:37In each case, give the word from the description.
0:23:37 > 0:23:41Firstly, an alternative spelling of a major division of geologic time
0:23:41 > 0:23:43- longer than an era.- Eon.- Eon.
0:23:43 > 0:23:48Correct. In geometry, the reciprocal of cosecant.
0:23:48 > 0:23:49- Sin.- Sin.
0:23:49 > 0:23:52Correct. In physics, a subatomic particle can boast of one quark
0:23:52 > 0:23:53and one anti-quark.
0:23:53 > 0:23:55- Meson.- Meson.
0:23:55 > 0:23:58Correct. Ten points for this. Listen carefully.
0:23:58 > 0:24:01To the nearest whole number, the ten national parks occupy
0:24:01 > 0:24:03what percentage of the total land area of England?
0:24:03 > 0:24:06You can have 5% either way.
0:24:06 > 0:24:0820?
0:24:08 > 0:24:12No. Anyone want to buzz from Trinity?
0:24:12 > 0:24:1425?
0:24:14 > 0:24:16No, it's 9%. Ten points for this.
0:24:16 > 0:24:20Frequently crossed by economic and political refugees, the Yalu River
0:24:20 > 0:24:24forms a large part of the border between which two Asian countries?
0:24:25 > 0:24:27North Korea and China.
0:24:27 > 0:24:28Correct.
0:24:29 > 0:24:31These bonuses are on kings of Scotland.
0:24:31 > 0:24:34In each case, give the century that saw the reigns of the following.
0:24:34 > 0:24:37- Firstly, Duncan the First, Macbeth and Malcolm Canmore.- 11th.
0:24:37 > 0:24:38Correct.
0:24:38 > 0:24:42- Alexander the Second and Third and John de Bailliol.- 13th?- 13th.
0:24:42 > 0:24:47- Correct. James the First, Second and Third.- 14th, I think.
0:24:47 > 0:24:48- Yeah, OK, go for it.- 14th.
0:24:48 > 0:24:50No, it's 15th. Ten points for this.
0:24:50 > 0:24:51Born in 1571,
0:24:51 > 0:24:54which artist is believed to have depicted his own features
0:24:54 > 0:24:57on the severed head of the giant in the Galleria Borghese's painting
0:24:57 > 0:24:58of David and Goliath?
0:24:58 > 0:25:00Caravaggio.
0:25:00 > 0:25:03Caravaggio's correct. You get the lead.
0:25:03 > 0:25:05These bonuses are on zoology.
0:25:05 > 0:25:07After the feathers of its head crest
0:25:07 > 0:25:09which supposedly resemble quill pens,
0:25:09 > 0:25:11what is the common name of the long-legged African bird
0:25:11 > 0:25:13Saggitarius serpentarius?
0:25:13 > 0:25:14Secretary bird.
0:25:14 > 0:25:18Correct. What is the common name of the large flightless bird of the genus Casuarius
0:25:18 > 0:25:20native to New Guinea and parts of Australia?
0:25:20 > 0:25:22- That's called a cassowary.- Cassowary.
0:25:22 > 0:25:28Correct. Cimex lectularius is the binomial of which
0:25:28 > 0:25:31elusive parasitic insect that feeds chiefly on human blood?
0:25:31 > 0:25:34What parasites do you know?
0:25:34 > 0:25:39- Come on.- I don't know. Mosquito. No. The bed bug.
0:25:39 > 0:25:41- Tsetse fly.- Tsetse fly.
0:25:41 > 0:25:43No, it was the bed bug.
0:25:43 > 0:25:45Two minutes to go. Ten points for this.
0:25:45 > 0:25:47What two letters can denote a software that manages
0:25:47 > 0:25:50the hardware and software of a computer,
0:25:50 > 0:25:53the national mapping agency of Great Britain...
0:25:53 > 0:25:54OS.
0:25:54 > 0:25:56OS is correct.
0:25:56 > 0:25:59Your bonuses are on prime ministers and their nicknames.
0:25:59 > 0:26:02Nicknamed Finality Jack, which Prime Minister followed Orange Peel
0:26:02 > 0:26:05and preceded the Rupert Of Debate?
0:26:05 > 0:26:06Lord John Russell.
0:26:06 > 0:26:10Correct. Nicknamed the Unknown Prime Minister, whose period of office
0:26:10 > 0:26:13came between those of the Welsh Wizard and the Ironmonger?
0:26:13 > 0:26:14Andrew Bonar Law.
0:26:14 > 0:26:17Correct. Finally, who served between prime ministers given the nicknames
0:26:17 > 0:26:20Baillie Vass and The Grocer by Private Eye?
0:26:20 > 0:26:22That's Harold Wilson. Harold Wilson.
0:26:22 > 0:26:24Correct. Ten points for this.
0:26:24 > 0:26:26From the Greek meaning beside another plain surface,
0:26:26 > 0:26:29what term denotes a geometrical solid with six faces,
0:26:29 > 0:26:31each in the form of a parallelogram?
0:26:32 > 0:26:33Parallelepiped.
0:26:33 > 0:26:34Correct.
0:26:34 > 0:26:36You get a set of bonuses,
0:26:36 > 0:26:38this time on the US Electoral College, Trinity College.
0:26:38 > 0:26:40On rare occasions, members of the Electoral College
0:26:40 > 0:26:43may vote for a candidate other than the one to which they're pledged.
0:26:43 > 0:26:46What term is applied to such electors?
0:26:46 > 0:26:47Faithless elector.
0:26:47 > 0:26:49Correct. The Electoral College usually works
0:26:49 > 0:26:51on a winner takes all basis.
0:26:51 > 0:26:54- Two states are exceptions to this. Name either one.- Maine and Nebraska.
0:26:54 > 0:26:55Nebraska.
0:26:55 > 0:26:58Correct. Should none of the presidential candidates win
0:26:58 > 0:27:00the required 270 Electoral College votes, the 12th Amendment
0:27:00 > 0:27:04becomes operative and the election is decided by which body?
0:27:04 > 0:27:06- The House of Representatives. - The House of Representatives.
0:27:06 > 0:27:07Correct. Ten points for this.
0:27:07 > 0:27:11A predecessor of the Tripartite Pact of 1940, which 1936 treaty
0:27:11 > 0:27:15between Germany and Japan affirmed a joint hostility to communism?
0:27:19 > 0:27:23- The Axis Agreement?- No. Anyone want to buzz in Trinity, quickly?
0:27:23 > 0:27:24Treaty of Berlin?
0:27:24 > 0:27:27No, it's the Anti-Comintern Pact. Ten points for this.
0:27:27 > 0:27:28In addition to Equatorial Guinea,
0:27:28 > 0:27:30how many countries of mainland Africa
0:27:30 > 0:27:33have Portuguese as an official language?
0:27:33 > 0:27:34Three.
0:27:34 > 0:27:38Three is correct. These bonuses are on Japanese history.
0:27:38 > 0:27:41What two-word term denotes the political revolution in Japan
0:27:41 > 0:27:44- that saw power restored to the Emperor?- Meiji Restoration.
0:27:44 > 0:27:46Correct. The Meiji Restoration
0:27:46 > 0:27:48brought and end to which hereditary...
0:27:48 > 0:27:49GONG
0:27:58 > 0:27:59Well, bad luck, Manchester.
0:27:59 > 0:28:01You were on storming form for most of the contest
0:28:01 > 0:28:03and led much of the way.
0:28:03 > 0:28:05We shall have to say goodbye, so take that away with you
0:28:05 > 0:28:07and we've enjoyed having you. Thank you very much.
0:28:07 > 0:28:10Trinity College, another terrific performance from you.
0:28:10 > 0:28:12I didn't think you were going to make it at the halfway point,
0:28:12 > 0:28:15but well done. We shall look forward to seeing you in the final.
0:28:15 > 0:28:17I hope you can join us next time for the last semifinal,
0:28:17 > 0:28:20- but until then it's goodbye from Manchester University.- Bye.
0:28:20 > 0:28:23- It's goodbye from Trinity College, Cambridge.- Goodbye.
0:28:23 > 0:28:25And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.