0:00:16 > 0:00:18APPLAUSE
0:00:19 > 0:00:21University Challenge.
0:00:21 > 0:00:24Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:28 > 0:00:31Hello. The student mind is about to shake, rattle and roll
0:00:31 > 0:00:34under the pressure of some quite difficult questions
0:00:34 > 0:00:36on pretty much anything over the next half hour.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39There's a place in the second round for whichever team
0:00:39 > 0:00:41is ahead at the gong.
0:00:41 > 0:00:43The four from Trinity College, Cambridge are playing
0:00:43 > 0:00:46on behalf of an institution which has been series champion
0:00:46 > 0:00:49three times in the past - in 1974 and '95,
0:00:49 > 0:00:52and they are, of course, the current champions.
0:00:52 > 0:00:55The college's history begins during the reign of Henry VIII
0:00:55 > 0:00:58with the merger of two 14th century institutions.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01It owes much of its architecture to the efforts of the clergyman
0:01:01 > 0:01:06and academic Thomas Neville, who was appointed its master in 1593,
0:01:06 > 0:01:09and Sir Christopher Wren, who designed its library.
0:01:09 > 0:01:11A long list of alumni includes Sir Isaac Newton,
0:01:11 > 0:01:15the philosophers Francis Bacon and Ludwig Wittgenstein,
0:01:15 > 0:01:18and the poets Andrew Marvell, John Dryden and Lord Byron,
0:01:18 > 0:01:21who was reputed to have kept a pet bear in his rooms.
0:01:21 > 0:01:25With an average age of 21, representing around 1,000 students,
0:01:25 > 0:01:27let's meet the Trinity team.
0:01:27 > 0:01:31Hi, I'm Matthew, I'm from London, and I'm studying physics.
0:01:31 > 0:01:32Hello, I'm Claire,
0:01:32 > 0:01:35I'm from Greenwich in London and I study classics.
0:01:35 > 0:01:36And this is their captain.
0:01:36 > 0:01:40Hi, I'm Hugh, I'm from London and I'm studying chemistry.
0:01:40 > 0:01:43Hi, I'm Aled, I'm from Birmingham and I study maths.
0:01:43 > 0:01:45APPLAUSE
0:01:48 > 0:01:52The University of St Andrews was founded in 1413
0:01:52 > 0:01:54after a group of Augustinian clergy established a site
0:01:54 > 0:01:57of higher learning on the Fife coast.
0:01:57 > 0:01:59Among those minds nurtured there
0:01:59 > 0:02:01are those of the theologian John Knox,
0:02:01 > 0:02:02the politician Alex Salmond,
0:02:02 > 0:02:05the Olympic champion cyclist Sir Chris Hoy,
0:02:05 > 0:02:08and the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
0:02:08 > 0:02:10The team - apparently, the longer you've been there
0:02:10 > 0:02:12the more casual you can be with your gown -
0:02:12 > 0:02:17have an average age of 21 and represent around 8,000 students.
0:02:17 > 0:02:19Let's meet the St Andrews team.
0:02:19 > 0:02:22Hi, I'm Lewis Fairfax, I'm from Cramlington in Northumberland
0:02:22 > 0:02:25and I'm studying French and Russian.
0:02:25 > 0:02:26Hi, I'm Will Kew,
0:02:26 > 0:02:29I'm from Aboyne in Aberdeenshire and I'm studying chemistry.
0:02:29 > 0:02:30And their captain.
0:02:30 > 0:02:34Hello, I'm Jamie Perriam, I'm from Edinburgh and I'm reading English.
0:02:34 > 0:02:38Hello. I'm James Adams, I'm from Linlithgow and I'm studying physics.
0:02:38 > 0:02:41APPLAUSE
0:02:43 > 0:02:45OK, I'm taking it you all know the rules,
0:02:45 > 0:02:47so let's just get on with it,
0:02:47 > 0:02:49fingers on the buzzers, your first starter for ten.
0:02:49 > 0:02:52Quote, "He believes that there is such a thing as truth,
0:02:52 > 0:02:56"he has the soul of a martyr with the intellect of an advocate."
0:02:56 > 0:02:59Written in 1860, those words of Walter Bagehot
0:02:59 > 0:03:02refer to which future Prime Minister?
0:03:07 > 0:03:08Disraeli?
0:03:08 > 0:03:11No, anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:03:11 > 0:03:12Gladstone.
0:03:12 > 0:03:13It is Gladstone, of course.
0:03:13 > 0:03:16APPLAUSE
0:03:16 > 0:03:17Right, your bonuses are on
0:03:17 > 0:03:1920th-century Prime Ministers, Trinity.
0:03:19 > 0:03:23Which future Prime Minister first became an MP at the age of 49,
0:03:23 > 0:03:26having previously managed a sisal plantation in the Bahamas
0:03:26 > 0:03:28and served as Lord Mayor of Birmingham?
0:03:30 > 0:03:32Birmingham's Chamberlain.
0:03:32 > 0:03:33Chamberlain.
0:03:33 > 0:03:35- Which one?- Neville.
0:03:35 > 0:03:36Correct.
0:03:36 > 0:03:39Which future Prime Minister won the Military Cross in World War I?
0:03:39 > 0:03:41Later, he read Persian and Arabic at Oxford
0:03:41 > 0:03:43before becoming an MP in 1923.
0:03:48 > 0:03:49THEY CONFER
0:03:49 > 0:03:52- I actually don't know.- No idea.
0:03:53 > 0:03:54Clement Attlee.
0:03:54 > 0:03:56No, it was Anthony Eden.
0:03:56 > 0:03:58Pupil teacher in Lossiemouth
0:03:58 > 0:04:00and private secretary to a radical tea merchant
0:04:00 > 0:04:04were among the early posts held by which future Prime Minister?
0:04:05 > 0:04:07It sounds weird enough, it could be Churchill -
0:04:07 > 0:04:10- he had a chequered early life. - I just don't know.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13- Churchill. - No, it's Ramsay MacDonald.
0:04:13 > 0:04:16Ten points for this - the name of which Roman goddess
0:04:16 > 0:04:19links a ceiling fresco in Rome by Guido Reni,
0:04:19 > 0:04:22a museum ship in St Petersburg
0:04:22 > 0:04:25and a luminous phenomenon in the night sky at higher latitudes?
0:04:26 > 0:04:28- Aurora?- Correct.
0:04:28 > 0:04:30APPLAUSE
0:04:30 > 0:04:33Your first bonuses, St Andrews,
0:04:33 > 0:04:37are on Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Wales.
0:04:37 > 0:04:40Cemlyn, Cemaes and Red Wharf are among the bays
0:04:40 > 0:04:44in which Welsh county, most of whose 125-mile coastline
0:04:44 > 0:04:47is designated as an AONB?
0:04:48 > 0:04:50THEY CONFER
0:04:53 > 0:04:54Is it Powys?
0:04:54 > 0:04:56No, it's Anglesey, Ynys Mon.
0:04:56 > 0:04:59Secondly, the valley of which river, the fifth longest in the UK,
0:04:59 > 0:05:04gives its name to an AONB that straddles the border between England and Wales.
0:05:07 > 0:05:09- The Severn. - No, it's the Wye.
0:05:09 > 0:05:12Finally, including Worm's Head and Oxwich Bay,
0:05:12 > 0:05:14which peninsula in South Wales
0:05:14 > 0:05:17was the first of all AONBs to be so designated?
0:05:28 > 0:05:30Llandovery.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32No, it's Gower.
0:05:32 > 0:05:34Ten points for this - in human biology,
0:05:34 > 0:05:36what Latin-derived word may be substituted
0:05:36 > 0:05:39for "primary" or "milk" to describe
0:05:39 > 0:05:41teeth that appear from the age of around....?
0:05:41 > 0:05:43Baby?
0:05:43 > 0:05:44No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
0:05:44 > 0:05:47..that appear from the age of around six months?
0:05:47 > 0:05:48In botany, the same term...
0:05:48 > 0:05:50Infant?
0:05:50 > 0:05:52No, you should have listened to the whole thing, you could have done.
0:05:52 > 0:05:54It's deciduous.
0:05:54 > 0:05:55So, ten points for this -
0:05:55 > 0:05:58in the 1915 work Cities In Evolution
0:05:58 > 0:06:01what single word term was coined by the Scottish urban theorist
0:06:01 > 0:06:04Sir Patrick Geddes for a continuous urban area
0:06:04 > 0:06:07resulting from the fusion of previously...?
0:06:07 > 0:06:08Conurbation?
0:06:08 > 0:06:10Correct, yes.
0:06:10 > 0:06:12APPLAUSE
0:06:12 > 0:06:16Your bonuses are on biological terms, Trinity College.
0:06:16 > 0:06:18All of which begin with the same Greek prefix.
0:06:18 > 0:06:22From the Greek for co-operation, what term describes the phenomenon
0:06:22 > 0:06:25where two substances such as hormones interact
0:06:25 > 0:06:28to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects?
0:06:31 > 0:06:34THEY CONFER
0:06:43 > 0:06:44Conglomeration.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47No, it is synergism or synergy.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50What term denotes the fusion of chromosome pairs
0:06:50 > 0:06:52in prophase I of meiosis?
0:07:00 > 0:07:01I should know this...
0:07:09 > 0:07:10Synthesis.
0:07:10 > 0:07:12No, it's synapsis.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15And, finally, what word describes a sensory experience
0:07:15 > 0:07:17elicited by a different sensory category,
0:07:17 > 0:07:21for example when sounds are perceived as colours?
0:07:21 > 0:07:22- Synaesthesia.- Correct.
0:07:22 > 0:07:24We're going to take a picture round.
0:07:24 > 0:07:27For your picture starter, you'll see a map of the United States
0:07:27 > 0:07:28with a Grand Slam city marked -
0:07:28 > 0:07:32that is they are host to a professional American football,
0:07:32 > 0:07:35ice hockey, basketball and baseball team.
0:07:35 > 0:07:39For ten points, name the city and one of the teams that plays there.
0:07:45 > 0:07:46Pennsylvania... No.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49No, anyone like to buzz from St Andrews?
0:07:49 > 0:07:50Washington, Capitals?
0:07:50 > 0:07:53Correct, yes, it is Washington DC.
0:07:53 > 0:07:54APPLAUSE
0:07:56 > 0:08:01So, your bonuses are three more US Grand Slam cities marked on a map.
0:08:01 > 0:08:05In each case I would like the city and a team that plays there.
0:08:05 > 0:08:07Firstly, for five points,
0:08:07 > 0:08:10the city at A and the ice hockey team that plays there.
0:08:16 > 0:08:18Pittsburgh and the Penguins.
0:08:18 > 0:08:20No, it's the Philadelphia Flyers.
0:08:20 > 0:08:23Secondly, B and the basketball team that plays there.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34Denver and the Nuggets?
0:08:34 > 0:08:35Correct.
0:08:35 > 0:08:39And, finally, C and the American football team that plays there.
0:08:41 > 0:08:42Er...
0:08:44 > 0:08:46Green Bay and the Packers.
0:08:46 > 0:08:48No, it's Minneapolis, the Vikings.
0:08:48 > 0:08:49Right, ten points for this -
0:08:49 > 0:08:52geologically speaking, which is the only group of mountains
0:08:52 > 0:08:56in the eastern United States that is not Appalachian?
0:08:56 > 0:08:59Located in New York State, they include the resort of Lake Placid.
0:09:03 > 0:09:04Catskills?
0:09:04 > 0:09:06Nope.
0:09:06 > 0:09:08One of you buzz, St Andrews.
0:09:10 > 0:09:12Er, Rocky Mountains... No.
0:09:12 > 0:09:14No, other side of the continent.
0:09:14 > 0:09:16The Adirondacks, north of the Catskills.
0:09:16 > 0:09:18Right, ten points for this -
0:09:18 > 0:09:221,675 metres in height, Mount Thor is a granite peak
0:09:22 > 0:09:25generally cited as having the world's greatest vertical drop,
0:09:25 > 0:09:28more than four times the height of the Eiffel Tower.
0:09:28 > 0:09:32On which large island of Canada is it situated?
0:09:33 > 0:09:35- Baffin Island.- Correct.
0:09:35 > 0:09:37APPLAUSE
0:09:39 > 0:09:41These bonuses could give you the lead,
0:09:41 > 0:09:43they're on plays about the Iraq war.
0:09:43 > 0:09:46Named after a Scottish regiment, which award-winning play
0:09:46 > 0:09:50is based on interviews conducted by the playwright, Gregory Burke,
0:09:50 > 0:09:52with soldiers who were deployed during the Iraq war?
0:09:52 > 0:09:54- Black Watch.- Correct.
0:09:54 > 0:09:56Described as a fictionalised memoir,
0:09:56 > 0:10:00which 2011 play about the Iraq war was written by Sarah Helm,
0:10:00 > 0:10:03the wife of Tony Blair's Chief Of Staff, Jonathan Powell?
0:10:17 > 0:10:18A Day In Baghdad.
0:10:18 > 0:10:19No, it's Loyalty.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22The title of which play by David Hare was inspired
0:10:22 > 0:10:25by the words of the then US Secretary Of Defense,
0:10:25 > 0:10:29Donald Rumsfeld, in response to questions about looting in Iraq?
0:10:41 > 0:10:43Nominate Kew.
0:10:43 > 0:10:44Known Unknowns?
0:10:44 > 0:10:46No, it's Stuff Happens.
0:10:46 > 0:10:48Ten points for this - which year saw the opening
0:10:48 > 0:10:51of the first Bosphorus Bridge, the independence of the Bahamas,
0:10:51 > 0:10:52the broadcast of the first episode
0:10:52 > 0:10:55of the documentary series The World At War
0:10:55 > 0:10:58and President Nixon's appointment of Henry Kissinger
0:10:58 > 0:10:59as US Secretary of State?
0:11:03 > 0:11:051960s?
0:11:05 > 0:11:06No.
0:11:08 > 0:11:101953.
0:11:10 > 0:11:11No, it's 1973.
0:11:11 > 0:11:14Ten points for this, give two answers promptly -
0:11:14 > 0:11:17having identical spellings when written without accents,
0:11:17 > 0:11:20which two words mean the crown of the head
0:11:20 > 0:11:23and a rich edible spread often made from liver...?
0:11:24 > 0:11:26Pat(ay) and pate.
0:11:26 > 0:11:27Correct.
0:11:30 > 0:11:34Right, you get instead bonuses on cricket broadcasters, St Andrews.
0:11:34 > 0:11:37"He brought to the airwaves an enthusiast's
0:11:37 > 0:11:40"idealised love of the game, which ex-players can rarely emulate."
0:11:40 > 0:11:43These words refer to which cricket correspondent
0:11:43 > 0:11:45who died in January 2013?
0:11:47 > 0:11:49THEY CONFER
0:11:58 > 0:12:01- Pass, sorry.- That was Christopher Martin-Jenkins.
0:12:01 > 0:12:03"The Lennon and McCartney of cricket broadcasting"
0:12:03 > 0:12:08is an epithet sometimes given to which two former England players?
0:12:13 > 0:12:15Nominate Fairfax.
0:12:15 > 0:12:16Michael Atherton and Ian Botham.
0:12:16 > 0:12:19No, it's Geoff Boycott and Jonathan Agnew.
0:12:19 > 0:12:21And, finally, which cricket broadcaster's name
0:12:21 > 0:12:23appears in the middle of a Bingo T-shirt
0:12:23 > 0:12:25that includes images of a pigeon, some cake,
0:12:25 > 0:12:27a construction crane and a helicopter?
0:12:37 > 0:12:39- David Lloyd? - No, it's Henry Blofeld.
0:12:39 > 0:12:41He was always rambling on about something like that.
0:12:41 > 0:12:43Right ten points for this -
0:12:43 > 0:12:46in which novel of 1932 does the sophisticated Flora Poste
0:12:46 > 0:12:49move in with her country cousins, the Starkadders?
0:12:49 > 0:12:54It includes the memorable line, "I saw something nasty in the woodshed..."
0:12:55 > 0:12:57- Cold Comfort Farm?- Yes.
0:12:57 > 0:12:58APPLAUSE
0:13:00 > 0:13:04Right, your bonuses are on places with reduplicative names,
0:13:04 > 0:13:07such as the Pacific island of Bora Bora.
0:13:07 > 0:13:10In each case, name the place from the description.
0:13:10 > 0:13:12Firstly, an inland city of New South Wales
0:13:12 > 0:13:17midway between Sydney and Melbourne, its name means "many crows".
0:13:18 > 0:13:20- Wagga Wagga.- Correct.
0:13:20 > 0:13:23The administrative capital, secondly, of American Samoa,
0:13:23 > 0:13:26the setting of Somerset Maugham's short story Rain.
0:13:35 > 0:13:37- Pitti Pitti? - No, it's Pago Pago.
0:13:37 > 0:13:42And, finally, a spa town on the Oos River in the Black Forest.
0:13:43 > 0:13:45- Baden-Baden.- Correct.
0:13:45 > 0:13:46- APPLAUSE - Ten points for this -
0:13:46 > 0:13:49for your music starter, which we're going to have now,
0:13:49 > 0:13:50you'll hear a piece of popular music
0:13:50 > 0:13:53inspired by the work of a literary figure.
0:13:53 > 0:13:55Ten points if you can name the author, please.
0:13:55 > 0:13:58ELECTRONIC MUSIC Hear the crashing steel.
0:13:58 > 0:13:59Feel the steering wheel.
0:13:59 > 0:14:02Here the crashing steel.
0:14:02 > 0:14:04Feel the steering wheel.
0:14:04 > 0:14:05Warm.
0:14:06 > 0:14:08Leatherette.
0:14:09 > 0:14:10Warm.
0:14:11 > 0:14:12Leatherette.
0:14:13 > 0:14:15Warm.
0:14:16 > 0:14:17Leatherette.
0:14:18 > 0:14:19Warm.
0:14:22 > 0:14:24Hunter S Thompson?
0:14:24 > 0:14:26Nope. Anyone want to buzz from Trinity?
0:14:27 > 0:14:29Philip Larkin.
0:14:29 > 0:14:32- LAUGHTER - Philip Larkin?!
0:14:32 > 0:14:35I don't think so, no. It's JG Ballard. Nice, wasn't it?
0:14:35 > 0:14:38Right, ten points at stake for the starter question,
0:14:38 > 0:14:39music bonuses shortly.
0:14:39 > 0:14:42President of France during the Third Republic,
0:14:42 > 0:14:46Jules Grevy gives his name to the largest of the three main species
0:14:46 > 0:14:49of which mammal native to East Africa?
0:14:53 > 0:14:54Sloth?
0:14:54 > 0:14:57No, anyone like to buzz from St Andrews?
0:15:01 > 0:15:02Hippopotamus.
0:15:02 > 0:15:05No, it's a zebra. Ten points for this.
0:15:05 > 0:15:07Answer as soon as your name is called,
0:15:07 > 0:15:08and you can have 10% either way.
0:15:08 > 0:15:10To the nearest whole number,
0:15:10 > 0:15:15the radius of the sun is how many times that of the Earth?
0:15:19 > 0:15:223,000.
0:15:22 > 0:15:23Nope.
0:15:24 > 0:15:268,000.
0:15:26 > 0:15:29I thought you were all working it out? No, it's 109.
0:15:29 > 0:15:31Right, another starter question.
0:15:31 > 0:15:35An inconclusive engagement fought in Warwickshire in October 1642,
0:15:35 > 0:15:40what was the first pitched battle of the English Civil War?
0:15:42 > 0:15:43Marston Moor.
0:15:43 > 0:15:46No. Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:15:49 > 0:15:51Naseby.
0:15:51 > 0:15:54No. It's Edgehill. Ten points for this.
0:15:54 > 0:15:585.20, 12.01 and 17.54 -
0:15:58 > 0:16:03what regular item is broadcast on BBC Radio 4 at these times...
0:16:04 > 0:16:06- Shipping forecast.- Correct, yes.
0:16:06 > 0:16:09APPLAUSE
0:16:09 > 0:16:13It means, I'm afraid, we've got to go back to the music round.
0:16:13 > 0:16:17So your bonuses follow on from Warm Leatherette by The Normal,
0:16:17 > 0:16:20which was inspired by JG Ballard's novel Crash.
0:16:20 > 0:16:23For your bonuses, three other bands and artists
0:16:23 > 0:16:27influenced by his work. Firstly, for five, who's singing here?
0:16:27 > 0:16:29This song was also somewhat influenced by Crash.
0:16:29 > 0:16:33# Here in my car I feel safest of all
0:16:33 > 0:16:35# I can lock all my doors... #
0:16:35 > 0:16:36It's Gary Numan.
0:16:36 > 0:16:39It is Gary Numan. Secondly, I want the name of this band,
0:16:39 > 0:16:42also heavily influenced by Ballard.
0:16:42 > 0:16:44# No future they say
0:16:44 > 0:16:47# But must it be that way?
0:16:48 > 0:16:51# Now is calling
0:16:51 > 0:16:53# The city is human... #
0:16:53 > 0:16:55New Order.
0:16:55 > 0:16:57- No, it's Human League.- Ah.
0:16:57 > 0:17:01Finally, this band, who took their name from another work by Ballard.
0:17:01 > 0:17:03# We can remember
0:17:04 > 0:17:07# Swimming in December
0:17:09 > 0:17:11# Heading for the city lights... #
0:17:12 > 0:17:15That's Empire of the Sun.
0:17:15 > 0:17:16It is indeed. Well done.
0:17:16 > 0:17:19Right, ten points for this. In addition to hydrogen,
0:17:19 > 0:17:22which two gases are the main constituents of coal gas?
0:17:24 > 0:17:26Carbon dioxide and water.
0:17:26 > 0:17:29No. Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:17:29 > 0:17:31Carbon dioxide and methane.
0:17:31 > 0:17:33No, it's carbon monoxide and methane.
0:17:33 > 0:17:35So another starter question now.
0:17:35 > 0:17:38In 1948, Syngman Rhee became the first President
0:17:38 > 0:17:40of which present-day country...
0:17:40 > 0:17:41South Korea.
0:17:41 > 0:17:43South Korea is correct.
0:17:43 > 0:17:45APPLAUSE
0:17:45 > 0:17:49These bonuses, St Andrews, are on 19th-century scholarship.
0:17:49 > 0:17:52Hans The Hedgehog, Lucky Hans
0:17:52 > 0:17:53and the Hare And The Hedgehog
0:17:53 > 0:17:57are among the stories in a collection first published in 1812.
0:17:57 > 0:17:58Who were the authors?
0:17:58 > 0:18:01THEY CONFER
0:18:09 > 0:18:12- The Brothers Grimm.- Correct. In 1837, the Brothers Grimm
0:18:12 > 0:18:15were among seven professors dismissed from Gottingen University
0:18:15 > 0:18:18for protesting the repeal of the liberal constitution
0:18:18 > 0:18:21of their kingdom by its new king, Ernest Augustus.
0:18:21 > 0:18:24Of which kingdom was he the ruler?
0:18:24 > 0:18:26THEY CONFER
0:18:28 > 0:18:29Sweden.
0:18:29 > 0:18:31No, it's Hanover.
0:18:31 > 0:18:33The Brothers Grimm began the DWB,
0:18:33 > 0:18:37the etymological dictionary that is the German equivalent of the OED.
0:18:37 > 0:18:41For what do the letters DWB stand?
0:18:41 > 0:18:43Nominate Fairfax.
0:18:43 > 0:18:45- Deutsches Worterbuch.- Correct.
0:18:45 > 0:18:47Right, ten points for this starter question.
0:18:47 > 0:18:50Part of the Santa Marta mountains massif,
0:18:50 > 0:18:54the twin peaks of Cristobal Colon and Simon Bolivar
0:18:54 > 0:18:57form the highest points of which country?
0:18:57 > 0:18:59Venezuela.
0:18:59 > 0:19:01Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?
0:19:02 > 0:19:04Colombia.
0:19:04 > 0:19:06Colombia is correct, yes.
0:19:06 > 0:19:08APPLAUSE
0:19:08 > 0:19:11Three questions on the chemistry of water for you, Trinity College.
0:19:11 > 0:19:14What is the chemical formula of heavy water?
0:19:14 > 0:19:17- D20.- D20.
0:19:17 > 0:19:19D20, or 2H20, is correct.
0:19:19 > 0:19:22Water glass is a viscous, colloidal solution
0:19:22 > 0:19:24used as preservative and flocculent.
0:19:24 > 0:19:27What salt is dissolved in water to produce it?
0:19:29 > 0:19:30Um...
0:19:30 > 0:19:32sodium acetate, perhaps.
0:19:32 > 0:19:34Sodium acetate.
0:19:34 > 0:19:35Sodium acetate.
0:19:35 > 0:19:37No, it's sodium silicate. And finally,
0:19:37 > 0:19:41which two gases are the principal components of water gas?
0:19:43 > 0:19:45Hydrogen and oxygen.
0:19:45 > 0:19:48- Do you think...- I don't know.
0:19:48 > 0:19:49Hydrogen and oxygen.
0:19:49 > 0:19:52No, it's carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
0:19:52 > 0:19:55We're going to take a second picture round now.
0:19:55 > 0:19:58For your picture starter question, you'll see a painting.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00For ten points, you just have to name the artist.
0:20:02 > 0:20:04Gauguin.
0:20:04 > 0:20:06Gauguin is right, The Bathers.
0:20:06 > 0:20:08APPLAUSE
0:20:08 > 0:20:12Picture bonuses are three more paintings on that theme,
0:20:12 > 0:20:16all of them also by French artists, all painted in the latter half
0:20:16 > 0:20:20of the 19th century. Five points for each artist you can identify.
0:20:20 > 0:20:22Firstly, who did this?
0:20:29 > 0:20:32- Who do you think?- Monet?
0:20:32 > 0:20:34- Monet.- No, it's Pissarro.
0:20:34 > 0:20:37Secondly, who did this?
0:20:38 > 0:20:40Courbet?
0:20:40 > 0:20:42Yes, Courbet.
0:20:42 > 0:20:44- Courbet.- No, that's Delacroix.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46And finally, this one.
0:20:47 > 0:20:49Ah. Isn't that...
0:20:49 > 0:20:52It's Matisse or Manet, it's one of the two.
0:20:52 > 0:20:54I'm not sure.
0:20:54 > 0:20:56- Manet?- Manet?
0:20:56 > 0:20:58- Manet.- No, it's by Cezanne.
0:20:58 > 0:21:00After that gratuitous nudity,
0:21:00 > 0:21:02we'll get on with another starter question.
0:21:02 > 0:21:05Born 1895, which Dutch physicist gives his name
0:21:05 > 0:21:08to a vector that describes the degree and direction
0:21:08 > 0:21:11of a deformation in a dislocated crystal lattice?
0:21:15 > 0:21:18Van der Waals.
0:21:18 > 0:21:21Nope. One of you like to buzz, St Andrews?
0:21:21 > 0:21:23I'll tell you. It's Jan Burgers,
0:21:23 > 0:21:26as in the Burgers vector. Ten points for this.
0:21:26 > 0:21:28What object prompts the questions,
0:21:28 > 0:21:30what men or gods are these, what maidens loth,
0:21:30 > 0:21:34what mad pursuit? - in the lines of an ode by Keats?
0:21:37 > 0:21:38A Grecian urn.
0:21:38 > 0:21:40Yes.
0:21:40 > 0:21:42APPLAUSE
0:21:42 > 0:21:45Right, these could give you the lead if you get them,
0:21:45 > 0:21:48these bonuses. They're on the novels of Jane Austen.
0:21:48 > 0:21:50Which of Austen's novels features the two sets of sisters,
0:21:50 > 0:21:55Elizabeth, Mary and Anne Elliot, and Louisa and Henrietta Musgrove?
0:21:58 > 0:22:01- I don't recognise it so it's one of the ones we don't know.- Persuasion.
0:22:01 > 0:22:05- What?- Persuasion.- You think? - We don't know.
0:22:05 > 0:22:06- Persuasion.- Correct.
0:22:06 > 0:22:10"The sister with whom she used to be on easy terms has now become
0:22:10 > 0:22:13"her greatest enemy." This is how Austen describes
0:22:13 > 0:22:17Julia Bertram's relationship with her sister Maria in which novel?
0:22:17 > 0:22:20- The Bertrams are Mansfield Park, aren't they?- Yes.
0:22:20 > 0:22:22- Mansfield Park.- Correct.
0:22:22 > 0:22:25"Lizzie is not a bit better than the others
0:22:25 > 0:22:27"and I'm sure she's not half so handsome as Jane
0:22:27 > 0:22:29"nor half so good humoured as Lydia."
0:22:29 > 0:22:32Which character says that and in which novel?
0:22:32 > 0:22:35- Wait.- It's in Pride And Prejudice... - It's Mrs Bennet.
0:22:35 > 0:22:37It's Mrs Bennet.
0:22:37 > 0:22:39- Yeah, it's Mrs Bennet. - You confident?- Yeah.
0:22:39 > 0:22:42- Mrs Bennet in Pride And Prejudice. - It could only be, couldn't it?
0:22:42 > 0:22:43Ten points for this.
0:22:43 > 0:22:47The Maluku or Malucca Islands in Indonesia
0:22:47 > 0:22:50are also known by what historical name...
0:22:50 > 0:22:52Spice Islands.
0:22:52 > 0:22:55Spice Islands is correct. Yes.
0:22:55 > 0:22:56APPLAUSE
0:22:56 > 0:23:00These bonuses are on popular science, Trinity College.
0:23:00 > 0:23:02Which mathematician succeeded Richard Dawkins
0:23:02 > 0:23:05as the Simonyi Professor of the Public Understanding of Science
0:23:05 > 0:23:06at Oxford University?
0:23:06 > 0:23:08- Marcus du Sautoy.- Correct.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11Which 2003 book by Marcus du Sautoy is subtitled
0:23:11 > 0:23:14Why An Unsolved Problem In Mathematics Matters?
0:23:15 > 0:23:19The Music Of The Primes is his famous one from around then.
0:23:19 > 0:23:22- Sorry?- The Music Of Primes. - Could it be...
0:23:22 > 0:23:25- something about...- No.- In which case, yes.- The Music Of The Primes.
0:23:25 > 0:23:27The Music Of The Primes.
0:23:27 > 0:23:30Correct. The discovery of the largest known Mersenne prime
0:23:30 > 0:23:32in 2008 was rewarded with
0:23:32 > 0:23:35a prize from the Electronic Frontier Foundation
0:23:35 > 0:23:39as the first verified prime with more than how many digits?
0:23:42 > 0:23:45Nine million comes to mind but I've no idea why.
0:23:45 > 0:23:47- Let's go with that.- Nine.
0:23:47 > 0:23:49- Nine million.- No, it's ten million.
0:23:49 > 0:23:51Four minutes to go, ten points for this.
0:23:51 > 0:23:54Which king of Great Britain was born the day before
0:23:54 > 0:23:56the ceremonial arrival of Charles II in London
0:23:56 > 0:23:59that marked the restoration of the monarchy in 1660?
0:24:01 > 0:24:03William III.
0:24:03 > 0:24:06No. Anyone like to buzz from St Andrews?
0:24:08 > 0:24:10William of Orange.
0:24:10 > 0:24:12No. It's George I.
0:24:12 > 0:24:13Ten points for this.
0:24:13 > 0:24:16In zoology, adipocytes are cells specialised
0:24:16 > 0:24:18for the storage of which molecule?
0:24:18 > 0:24:19Fat molecules.
0:24:19 > 0:24:21Fats is correct. Lipids, yes.
0:24:21 > 0:24:23APPLAUSE
0:24:23 > 0:24:27These bonuses, St Andrews, are on UK airports.
0:24:27 > 0:24:29According to the derivation of its name,
0:24:29 > 0:24:32which British airport is a place where goats are kept?
0:24:32 > 0:24:35THEY CONFER
0:24:38 > 0:24:40Stansted.
0:24:40 > 0:24:44No, it's Gatwick. The north farmstead of a family called
0:24:44 > 0:24:47Le Brun is the most probable etymology of the name of which
0:24:47 > 0:24:50military airport in Oxfordshire?
0:24:50 > 0:24:52THEY CONFER
0:24:56 > 0:24:58Nominate Kew.
0:24:58 > 0:25:00- Brize Norton.- Correct.
0:25:00 > 0:25:02Originally meaning "priest's farm", what is the name
0:25:02 > 0:25:04of Glasgow's second airport?
0:25:04 > 0:25:05Prestwick.
0:25:05 > 0:25:07Correct. Ten points for this.
0:25:07 > 0:25:08In classical mythology,
0:25:08 > 0:25:13the River Lethe derived its name from a Greek word with what meaning?
0:25:15 > 0:25:17Sleep.
0:25:17 > 0:25:18Nope.
0:25:22 > 0:25:23Fast.
0:25:23 > 0:25:26No, it's forgetfulness or oblivion. Ten points for this.
0:25:26 > 0:25:29What flower links a period of cultural vibrancy
0:25:29 > 0:25:31in the Ottoman Empire from 1718
0:25:31 > 0:25:34and a speculative mania for bulbs...
0:25:34 > 0:25:35- Tulip.- Tulip is correct.
0:25:35 > 0:25:38APPLAUSE
0:25:38 > 0:25:41Your bonuses, Trinity College, are on the year 1919.
0:25:41 > 0:25:44Which Mexican revolutionary was killed in an ambush in 1919?
0:25:44 > 0:25:47He gives his name to an army of national liberation
0:25:47 > 0:25:50founded in the state of Chiapas in 1994?
0:25:50 > 0:25:52THEY CONFER
0:25:56 > 0:25:58Zapata.
0:25:58 > 0:26:00Emiliano Zapata is correct.
0:26:00 > 0:26:03Born in the Russian empire in 1871, which leader of the Spartacus League
0:26:03 > 0:26:08was murdered in Berlin in 1919, along with Karl Liebknecht?
0:26:12 > 0:26:16- Any ideas at all? Any people from that period?- Um.- Um.
0:26:18 > 0:26:20It's not Rasputin, is it?
0:26:20 > 0:26:22- LAUGHTER - Rasputin.
0:26:22 > 0:26:25Certainly not Rasputin, no! It's Rosa Luxembourg.
0:26:25 > 0:26:30In which country did Bela Kun lead a short-lived Soviet republic
0:26:30 > 0:26:34that collapsed in August 1919 after a Romanian invasion?
0:26:38 > 0:26:42What was the name? Bela Kun?
0:26:42 > 0:26:45What does that sound like? It could be Moldova, because it's so...
0:26:45 > 0:26:46Come on, let's have it, please.
0:26:46 > 0:26:48- Um, Bulgaria.- No, it's Hungary.
0:26:48 > 0:26:5110 points for this. Its name deriving from the Greek for dawn,
0:26:51 > 0:26:53which epoch in geological time
0:26:53 > 0:26:56comes between the Palaeocene and the Oligocene?
0:26:56 > 0:26:58BUZZER
0:26:58 > 0:26:59- Devonian?- No.
0:26:59 > 0:27:01Anyone want to buzz from Trinity?
0:27:01 > 0:27:03BUZZER The Miocene.
0:27:03 > 0:27:05No, it's the Eocene. 10 points for this.
0:27:05 > 0:27:09What short word can mean frost formed from freezing fog
0:27:09 > 0:27:11and is also an archaic term for a poem?
0:27:11 > 0:27:13BUZZER
0:27:13 > 0:27:14Hoar.
0:27:14 > 0:27:17- You're going to lose five points, I'm afraid.- Sorry.
0:27:17 > 0:27:19Archaic term for a poem used, for example,
0:27:19 > 0:27:20in the title of a work by Coleridge.
0:27:22 > 0:27:23BUZZER Rime.
0:27:23 > 0:27:25Rime, R-I-M-E, is correct, yes.
0:27:25 > 0:27:28- APPLAUSE - These are a set of bonuses, this time on complex numbers.
0:27:28 > 0:27:31If "i" is a square root of minus one,
0:27:31 > 0:27:35what is the modulus of the complex number 4+3i?
0:27:37 > 0:27:38- Five.- Well done.
0:27:38 > 0:27:42What's the numerical value of the tangent of the argument of 4+3i?
0:27:42 > 0:27:44- GONG - And at the gong,
0:27:44 > 0:27:47St Andrews have 100, Trinity College Cambridge have 150.
0:27:47 > 0:27:49APPLAUSE
0:27:54 > 0:27:57You never really got going there, St Andrews, did you?
0:27:57 > 0:27:59- You are, as they say, gutted, no doubt.- Yes.
0:27:59 > 0:28:01We're going to have to say goodbye to you, I'm afraid.
0:28:01 > 0:28:04Trinity, we shall look forward to seeing you in round two.
0:28:04 > 0:28:05Congratulations.
0:28:05 > 0:28:08I hope you can join us next time for another first round match,
0:28:08 > 0:28:12- but until then, it's goodbye from St Andrews University...- Goodbye.
0:28:12 > 0:28:15- And it's goodbye from Trinity College Cambridge.- Goodbye.
0:28:15 > 0:28:17And it's goodbye from me, goodbye.