0:00:17 > 0:00:21- APPLAUSE - University Challenge.
0:00:23 > 0:00:26Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:29 > 0:00:33Hello. It'd take the talents of that virtuoso of prolonged torment,
0:00:33 > 0:00:36Edgar Allan Poe, to do justice to the challenges
0:00:36 > 0:00:40posed by this quarterfinal stage of the contest.
0:00:40 > 0:00:42Suffice to say that Peterhouse, Cambridge,
0:00:42 > 0:00:45and St John's College, Oxford, have already earned the first
0:00:45 > 0:00:48of the two quarterfinal victories they need to go further.
0:00:48 > 0:00:51And whichever team wins tonight will match them.
0:00:51 > 0:00:53The team from Imperial College, London,
0:00:53 > 0:00:57scored a very comfortable win in round one with 285 points
0:00:57 > 0:00:59to the 110 of the University of Reading,
0:00:59 > 0:01:02but in their second round, their performance was even stronger,
0:01:02 > 0:01:07with 305 points against the paltry 75
0:01:07 > 0:01:10phoned in by Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.
0:01:10 > 0:01:14Imperial's accumulated score of 590 points from two matches
0:01:14 > 0:01:16is the highest in the contest so far,
0:01:16 > 0:01:18but they're no doubt aware that, from now on,
0:01:18 > 0:01:21they'll be facing tougher competition and harder questions.
0:01:21 > 0:01:24Let's meet them again.
0:01:24 > 0:01:26Good evening. My name's Ben Fernando.
0:01:26 > 0:01:29I'm from Birmingham and I'm studying physics.
0:01:29 > 0:01:30Hi. I'm Ashwin Braude.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32I'm from North London and I'm also studying physics.
0:01:32 > 0:01:35- And this is their captain. - Hello. I'm James Bezer.
0:01:35 > 0:01:37I'm from Manchester and I do physics as well.
0:01:37 > 0:01:40Hi. I'm Onur Teymur. I'm from North London
0:01:40 > 0:01:44and I'm working towards a PhD in mathematical statistics.
0:01:44 > 0:01:48APPLAUSE
0:01:48 > 0:01:51Now, one might assume it'd be an advantage in this contest
0:01:51 > 0:01:55to have grown up in the UK or even to have English as a first language,
0:01:55 > 0:01:59but the team from Nuffield College, Oxford, have proved otherwise.
0:01:59 > 0:02:01They're here having beaten Queen Mary, London,
0:02:01 > 0:02:05in the first round by 165 points to 130.
0:02:05 > 0:02:06And in round two,
0:02:06 > 0:02:11they demolished Warwick University by 160 points to 120.
0:02:11 > 0:02:15So, they've arrived here with an accumulated score of 325.
0:02:15 > 0:02:17Representing one of Oxford's smallest colleges,
0:02:17 > 0:02:19let's meet the Nuffield team again.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Hello. I'm Spencer Smith.
0:02:22 > 0:02:26I'm from Holland, Michigan, and I study economics.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28Hello. I'm Alexander Sayer Gard-Murray.
0:02:28 > 0:02:31I'm from Los Angeles, California, and I study politics.
0:02:31 > 0:02:35- And this is their captain.- Hello. My name is Mathias Ormestad Frendem.
0:02:35 > 0:02:38I'm from Oslo, Norway, and I'm studying international relations.
0:02:38 > 0:02:39Hi. I'm Daniel Kaliski.
0:02:39 > 0:02:42I'm from Cape Town, South Africa, and I'm studying economics.
0:02:42 > 0:02:47APPLAUSE
0:02:47 > 0:02:50Well, you all know the rules by now, so shall we just get on with it?
0:02:50 > 0:02:52Ten points for this. Fingers on the buzzers.
0:02:52 > 0:02:56Freedom from bodily pain and ataraxia,
0:02:56 > 0:02:58or freedom from disturbances of the mind,
0:02:58 > 0:03:01are key concepts in the teachings of which philosopher born...
0:03:03 > 0:03:05- Hippocrates. - No, you lose five points.
0:03:05 > 0:03:09..born in Samos in about 341 BC?
0:03:09 > 0:03:11He gives his name to a school of philosophy
0:03:11 > 0:03:13now popularly associated
0:03:13 > 0:03:15with the enjoyment of the good things in life.
0:03:17 > 0:03:19- Epicurus.- Correct.
0:03:19 > 0:03:21APPLAUSE
0:03:21 > 0:03:24So, you get the first set of bonuses, Nuffield.
0:03:24 > 0:03:27They are on international conferences in 1944.
0:03:27 > 0:03:30Firstly, the surname of which Russian writer
0:03:30 > 0:03:32was used as the code name for the Allied conference
0:03:32 > 0:03:37between Stalin and Churchill in Moscow in October 1944?
0:03:37 > 0:03:39I don't actually know it, but I should.
0:03:39 > 0:03:43- What kind of writer was he? - A Russian writer. Is that right?
0:03:43 > 0:03:46- Tolstoy?- Tolstoy? Turgenev? I mean, War And Peace...
0:03:46 > 0:03:48Tolstoy seems like an obvious choice,
0:03:48 > 0:03:50but it doesn't really...
0:03:50 > 0:03:52- Tolstoy.- Correct.
0:03:52 > 0:03:55Which mansion in Washington DC gives its name
0:03:55 > 0:03:57both to a concerto by Igor Stravinsky
0:03:57 > 0:04:00and to an international conference of 1944
0:04:00 > 0:04:04that laid the foundations for the establishment of the United Nations?
0:04:04 > 0:04:08- There was Blair House.- Blair House. - Maybe. You think so?- Yeah.
0:04:08 > 0:04:09Unless it's the White House.
0:04:09 > 0:04:12- I think it's Blair House. - Blair House is the other mansion.
0:04:12 > 0:04:15- Blair House. - No, it's Dumbarton Oaks.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18Which resort in New Hampshire hosted another conference in 1944
0:04:18 > 0:04:22that led to a number of post-war cooperative financial innovations,
0:04:22 > 0:04:24including the International Monetary Fund?
0:04:24 > 0:04:27- That's Bretton Woods.- Yeah. Bretton Woods.- It is Bretton Woods.
0:04:27 > 0:04:29APPLAUSE Right, ten points for this.
0:04:29 > 0:04:30What common seven-letter name
0:04:30 > 0:04:34is given to stocky rodents of the subfamily Cricetinae?
0:04:34 > 0:04:38Species include the Siberian, Chinese, Campbell's dwarf
0:04:38 > 0:04:40and Syrian or golden, all of which...
0:04:41 > 0:04:43- Hamster.- Hamster is right, yes.
0:04:43 > 0:04:46APPLAUSE
0:04:46 > 0:04:50These bonuses, Imperial, are on a mathematician.
0:04:50 > 0:04:54Which German mathematician is noted for a list published in 1900
0:04:54 > 0:04:57of 23 research problems that he believed would be significant
0:04:57 > 0:05:00in mathematics in the 20th century?
0:05:00 > 0:05:01- Hilbert.- Correct.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03Published in 1931,
0:05:03 > 0:05:07which Austrian-born mathematician's incompleteness theorems
0:05:07 > 0:05:10exposed the limitations of Hilbert's axiomatic approach to mathematics?
0:05:10 > 0:05:12- Godel.- Correct.
0:05:12 > 0:05:14In addition to Goldbach's conjecture,
0:05:14 > 0:05:17Hilbert's eighth problem mentions which hypothesis
0:05:17 > 0:05:19on the distribution of prime numbers?
0:05:19 > 0:05:22Named after a 19th-century German mathematician,
0:05:22 > 0:05:24it remains unsolved.
0:05:24 > 0:05:26- Oh, Riemann hypothesis.- Oh, yes.
0:05:26 > 0:05:28- Riemann hypothesis.- Correct.
0:05:28 > 0:05:31Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:05:31 > 0:05:35Which three letters begin the names of a French revolutionary
0:05:35 > 0:05:38executed on the orders of Robespierre in 1794...
0:05:41 > 0:05:44- M-A-R.- No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
0:05:44 > 0:05:48..the Hebrew prophet who interpreted the dreams of Nebuchadnezzar
0:05:48 > 0:05:52and the poet whose first major work was the Vita Nuova,
0:05:52 > 0:05:54written from about 1290?
0:05:55 > 0:05:58- D-A-N.- Correct. APPLAUSE
0:05:58 > 0:06:00These bonuses, Nuffield,
0:06:00 > 0:06:03are on Thucydides' History Of The Peloponnesian War.
0:06:03 > 0:06:06Firstly, for five points, in 430 BC,
0:06:06 > 0:06:08at the end of the first year of the war,
0:06:08 > 0:06:12which Athenian leader delivers a much-quoted funeral oration
0:06:12 > 0:06:14reported in detail by Thucydides?
0:06:14 > 0:06:16- Pericles.- Yeah, Pericles.
0:06:16 > 0:06:17- Pericles.- Correct.
0:06:17 > 0:06:21Thucydides describes the destruction of the expeditionary force
0:06:21 > 0:06:23to which island in 413 BC
0:06:23 > 0:06:26as, "The most calamitous of defeats for Athens"?
0:06:26 > 0:06:28It's Sicily?
0:06:28 > 0:06:29- Sicily.- Correct.
0:06:29 > 0:06:31And finally, in the 1620s,
0:06:31 > 0:06:35which Englishman made a translation of Thucydides direct from the Greek?
0:06:35 > 0:06:37He's best known for a work of political philosophy
0:06:37 > 0:06:41subtitled The Matter, Forme And Power Of A Common Wealth
0:06:41 > 0:06:43Ecclesiasticall And Civil.
0:06:43 > 0:06:45- Hobbes.- It's Hobbes. - Thomas Hobbes.- Correct.
0:06:45 > 0:06:48Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:06:48 > 0:06:50From the Greek for to lag behind,
0:06:50 > 0:06:53what term is used in physics for the delay in response
0:06:53 > 0:06:55exhibited by a body in react...
0:06:56 > 0:06:59- Inertia.- No. You lose five points.
0:06:59 > 0:07:01..the delay in response exhibited by a body
0:07:01 > 0:07:03in reacting to changes in force?
0:07:03 > 0:07:06An example is the relation between magnetic flux density
0:07:06 > 0:07:09and the applied magnetic field strength.
0:07:13 > 0:07:14- Hysteresis.- Correct.
0:07:14 > 0:07:17APPLAUSE
0:07:17 > 0:07:20These bonuses, Imperial, are on The Austen Project,
0:07:20 > 0:07:22which pairs six contemporary authors
0:07:22 > 0:07:25with Jane Austen's six complete novels.
0:07:25 > 0:07:28Firstly, which author's reimagined version
0:07:28 > 0:07:31of Sense And Sensibility was published in 2013?
0:07:31 > 0:07:33Her other novels include The Choir,
0:07:33 > 0:07:36The Rector's Wife and A Village Affair.
0:07:36 > 0:07:37- Um...- No idea.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39- Um...um...- Do you know?
0:07:39 > 0:07:43Um... Who was, um...?
0:07:44 > 0:07:46I haven't... I literally have no idea.
0:07:46 > 0:07:49- Is it Margaret Drabble? - No, that was Joanna Trollope.
0:07:49 > 0:07:53Secondly, The Mermaids Singing and The Torment Of Others
0:07:53 > 0:07:56are works by which author whose reworking of Northanger Abbey
0:07:56 > 0:07:58was published in 2014?
0:07:58 > 0:08:00- No idea.- Um...
0:08:02 > 0:08:04- No.- We don't know.
0:08:04 > 0:08:06That was Val McDermid.
0:08:06 > 0:08:09And finally, who wrote Emma - A Modern Retelling?
0:08:09 > 0:08:13His numerous other works include Unusual Uses For Olive Oil and
0:08:13 > 0:08:16The Unbearable Lightness Of Scones.
0:08:16 > 0:08:18- Oh. - HE STUTTERS
0:08:18 > 0:08:22It might be someone like David Sedaris.
0:08:22 > 0:08:24I think it's some other well-known... Go on.
0:08:24 > 0:08:26- Well, I'm not...- Go on. Go on.
0:08:26 > 0:08:27David Sedaris.
0:08:27 > 0:08:28No, it's Alexander McCall Smith.
0:08:28 > 0:08:30We're going to take a picture around now.
0:08:30 > 0:08:32For your picture starter, you will see a map
0:08:32 > 0:08:35with a number of cities and towns highlighted,
0:08:35 > 0:08:39all of whose full official names contain a shared designation
0:08:39 > 0:08:42in reference to a common historical affiliation.
0:08:42 > 0:08:46For ten points, I want that shared designation, please.
0:08:47 > 0:08:48The Hanseatic League.
0:08:48 > 0:08:51Yes. Hanseatic from the Hanseatic League, of course.
0:08:51 > 0:08:54APPLAUSE
0:08:54 > 0:08:57So, picture bonuses for you, then, Imperial.
0:08:57 > 0:08:58If you get them, you'll take the lead.
0:08:58 > 0:09:01You saw those cities in Germany that, to this day,
0:09:01 > 0:09:04officially style themselves as Hanseatic cities
0:09:04 > 0:09:07in reference to the Hanseatic League to which they all belong.
0:09:07 > 0:09:10For your bonuses, you'll see three of those cities
0:09:10 > 0:09:12highlighted on a map.
0:09:12 > 0:09:15I just want you to identify them, please. Firstly...
0:09:16 > 0:09:18- Um, that's Kiel.- Is that Kiel?- Yeah.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21- Kiel.- No, that's Lubeck. Secondly...
0:09:22 > 0:09:24Oh, that's Bremen.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26- Bremen.- Bremen is right. And finally...
0:09:28 > 0:09:29- That's Hamburg.- Hamburg.
0:09:29 > 0:09:31Hamburg gives you the lead. Well done.
0:09:31 > 0:09:33APPLAUSE
0:09:33 > 0:09:34Right, a starter question now.
0:09:34 > 0:09:37That of Toronto wears a medallion,
0:09:37 > 0:09:39while that of Bern is upward climbing.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42Madrid's is pawing at a tree. Berlin's has bright...
0:09:43 > 0:09:47- Bears.- Bears is correct, yes. APPLAUSE
0:09:47 > 0:09:51Right, your bonuses are on chemistry this time, Imperial.
0:09:51 > 0:09:54What rule of thumb is named after a Russian chemist
0:09:54 > 0:09:57and states that when an acid reacts with an alkene,
0:09:57 > 0:09:59the hydrogen atom of the acid
0:09:59 > 0:10:01bonds with the double-bonded carbon atom of the alkene
0:10:01 > 0:10:04that's attached to the greater number of hydrogen atoms?
0:10:09 > 0:10:11If Ben doesn't get it, shall we just guess something?
0:10:11 > 0:10:15- No, it's not. It's, um... - HE SIGHS
0:10:18 > 0:10:19I don't know.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22- HE MUMBLES ANSWER - I don't think it is, though.
0:10:22 > 0:10:24- He said Russian.- Oh, right, then.
0:10:24 > 0:10:25Pietro Aronica.
0:10:25 > 0:10:27No. It's Markovnikov's Rule.
0:10:27 > 0:10:30- Yeah.- Secondly, what two-word term denotes the mechanism
0:10:30 > 0:10:32by which a hydrogen halide reacts with an alkene
0:10:32 > 0:10:35resulting in the breaking of a pi bond
0:10:35 > 0:10:37and the formation of two sigma bonds?
0:10:37 > 0:10:41Is it anti-hybridisation? What were you going to say?
0:10:41 > 0:10:43Formation of pi...
0:10:43 > 0:10:44Formation of pi bond.
0:10:44 > 0:10:47- Let's have an answer, please. - Anti-hybridisation.
0:10:47 > 0:10:49- Nominate Fernando. - Anti-hybridisation.
0:10:49 > 0:10:51No, it's electrophilic addition.
0:10:51 > 0:10:54And finally, the US chemist Morris Kharasch
0:10:54 > 0:10:58studied instances that apparently contradicted Markovnikov's Rule.
0:10:58 > 0:11:01In these instances, the reaction takes place in the presence
0:11:01 > 0:11:02of which group of compounds
0:11:02 > 0:11:06characterised by an oxygen-oxygen single bond?
0:11:06 > 0:11:11- Um...- Not ketones, are they? - No, oxygen-oxygen single bond, so...
0:11:11 > 0:11:14Peroxides have an oxygen-oxygen single bond.
0:11:14 > 0:11:18Or, um...epoxy has an oxygen-oxygen...
0:11:18 > 0:11:20I would go peroxides.
0:11:20 > 0:11:24- Nominate him.- Nominate Fernando.
0:11:24 > 0:11:28- Epoxy.- No, it's peroxides. Right, another starter question now.
0:11:28 > 0:11:32What is the common name of Urtica dioica?
0:11:32 > 0:11:35Often regarded as a weed, it flourishes on untended land
0:11:35 > 0:11:38and its fresh tips may be used to make beer, soup or tea.
0:11:41 > 0:11:43- Nettle.- Nettle is correct.
0:11:43 > 0:11:45APPLAUSE You get a set of bonuses
0:11:45 > 0:11:47this time on Russia, Imperial.
0:11:47 > 0:11:50What six-letter name is given to a Russian administrative region
0:11:50 > 0:11:54that is intermediate in size between an okrug and a republic?
0:11:54 > 0:11:58Examples include Omsk, Smolensk and Tula.
0:11:58 > 0:12:00- Oblast.- Correct.
0:12:00 > 0:12:02Which fishing port shares its name
0:12:02 > 0:12:05with the oblast of Northwest Russia that contains the Kola Peninsula?
0:12:05 > 0:12:09It's the world's largest city north of the Arctic Circle.
0:12:09 > 0:12:12- Is it Murmansk or Archangel? - I think it might be Murmansk.
0:12:12 > 0:12:14- Yeah, Murmansk.- Murmansk. - Murmansk is right.
0:12:14 > 0:12:16And thirdly, which Russian republic
0:12:16 > 0:12:18to the immediate south of the Murmansk Oblast
0:12:18 > 0:12:23shares its name with an orchestral suite of 1893 by Sibelius?
0:12:23 > 0:12:26- Karelia.- Nominate Braude. - Karelia.- Karelia is correct.
0:12:26 > 0:12:28APPLAUSE Ten points for this.
0:12:28 > 0:12:30In 1900, which capital city was looted by troops
0:12:30 > 0:12:32of an eight-power Allied...?
0:12:34 > 0:12:37- Beijing.- Beijing is right, yes. APPLAUSE
0:12:37 > 0:12:39After the Boxer Rebellion.
0:12:39 > 0:12:42You get a set of bonuses, this time, Nuffield, on architecture.
0:12:42 > 0:12:44"It is generally recognised
0:12:44 > 0:12:47"that this city has the finest collection
0:12:47 > 0:12:49"of Art Nouveau buildings in Europe."
0:12:49 > 0:12:52These words, from a UNESCO World Heritage citation,
0:12:52 > 0:12:55refer to which capital on the Baltic Sea?
0:12:55 > 0:12:59- So, it's not Prague. Baltic.- Tallinn?
0:12:59 > 0:13:01- Tallinn's probably...- Riga?
0:13:01 > 0:13:04Probably not Stockholm, but maybe Helsinki.
0:13:04 > 0:13:07That's a fairly new capital, so that could...
0:13:07 > 0:13:08- OK.- Or do you have...?
0:13:08 > 0:13:11I didn't feel that Tallinn had that much Art Nouveau, so...
0:13:11 > 0:13:13- Helsinki.- No, it's Riga.
0:13:13 > 0:13:16Secondly, also in the Art Nouveau style,
0:13:16 > 0:13:19the major townhouses of the architect Victor Horta
0:13:19 > 0:13:23form a UNESCO World Heritage site in which European capital?
0:13:23 > 0:13:26- I think it's Prague. - You're certain?- Yeah.
0:13:26 > 0:13:28- Prague.- No, it's Brussels.
0:13:28 > 0:13:31And finally, embodying developments parallel to Art Nouveau,
0:13:31 > 0:13:35the World Heritage site known as the Works of Antoni Gaudi
0:13:35 > 0:13:38comprises buildings in or near which city?
0:13:38 > 0:13:40- Barcelona.- Barcelona.
0:13:40 > 0:13:41- Barcelona.- Correct.
0:13:41 > 0:13:43APPLAUSE We'll take a music round now.
0:13:43 > 0:13:45For your music starter, you'll hear an excerpt from a ballet
0:13:45 > 0:13:47that forms part of an opera.
0:13:47 > 0:13:48For ten points, I'd like you to tell me
0:13:48 > 0:13:51both the name of the opera and its composer.
0:13:51 > 0:13:54ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:13:55 > 0:13:58- Swan Lake, Tchaikovsky.- No.
0:13:58 > 0:14:00You can hear a little more, Nuffield.
0:14:00 > 0:14:05MUSIC CONTINUES
0:14:15 > 0:14:19- The Magic Flute, Mozart. - Oh, dear, oh, dear, oh, dear.
0:14:19 > 0:14:22They were tearing their hair out over at Imperial
0:14:22 > 0:14:23having made the wrong intervention.
0:14:23 > 0:14:25Anyway, it's La Gioconda by Ponchielli.
0:14:25 > 0:14:28So, we're going to take the music bonuses in a moment or two
0:14:28 > 0:14:30and ten points for this starter question.
0:14:30 > 0:14:33"The earlier sense of development
0:14:33 > 0:14:36"from religious sect, party or faction
0:14:36 > 0:14:38"to doctrine at variance with the Catholic faith,
0:14:38 > 0:14:40"lies outside English."
0:14:40 > 0:14:42These words, from the OED,
0:14:42 > 0:14:47summarise an aspect of the etymology of which religious term?
0:14:49 > 0:14:50Schism.
0:14:50 > 0:14:53Anyone like to buzz from Imperial?
0:14:57 > 0:14:59It's heresy. Ten points for this.
0:14:59 > 0:15:03"The first principle is that you must not fool yourself
0:15:03 > 0:15:05"and you are the easiest person to fool."
0:15:05 > 0:15:08These are the words of which US physicist?
0:15:08 > 0:15:09He shared the Nobel Prize...
0:15:11 > 0:15:12- Richard Feynman.- Correct.
0:15:12 > 0:15:15APPLAUSE
0:15:15 > 0:15:17So, you get the music bonuses, Imperial.
0:15:17 > 0:15:21Three more examples of dance interludes written for an opera.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24In each case, simply identify the composer.
0:15:24 > 0:15:27Firstly, for five, this French composer.
0:15:27 > 0:15:33ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:15:39 > 0:15:44THEY WHISPER
0:15:44 > 0:15:48- Shall I just guess a composer? - It sounds kind of like Saint-Saens.
0:15:48 > 0:15:54THEY WHISPER
0:15:54 > 0:15:55Saint-Saens.
0:15:55 > 0:15:58No, that's Gounod, Les Nubiennes from Faust.
0:15:58 > 0:16:01Secondly, this Russian composer, please.
0:16:01 > 0:16:05ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:17 > 0:16:18Any ideas?
0:16:18 > 0:16:23THEY WHISPER
0:16:25 > 0:16:29- Um, Tchaikovsky. - No, that's Mussorgsky.
0:16:29 > 0:16:31That's the Dance Of The Persian Slaves.
0:16:31 > 0:16:33And finally, another Russian composer.
0:16:33 > 0:16:38ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:38 > 0:16:43THEY WHISPER
0:16:47 > 0:16:50- Rimsky-Korsakov. - No, that's by Borodin.
0:16:50 > 0:16:51Ten points for this.
0:16:51 > 0:16:53The internet entrepreneurs
0:16:53 > 0:16:56Severin Hacker and Luis von Ahn
0:16:56 > 0:17:00are the co-founders of which free language-learning platform
0:17:00 > 0:17:01with more than 60 million reg...
0:17:03 > 0:17:05- Rosetta Stone. - No, you lose five points.
0:17:05 > 0:17:07..with more than 60 million registered users?
0:17:07 > 0:17:11Its name combines the Latin for the number two and the...
0:17:12 > 0:17:17- Duolingo.- Duolingo is correct, yes. APPLAUSE
0:17:17 > 0:17:19So, you get a set of bonuses, this time,
0:17:19 > 0:17:22on a group of compounds, Nuffield.
0:17:22 > 0:17:25Gonane is the simplest structural form
0:17:25 > 0:17:27of which group of organic compounds
0:17:27 > 0:17:29based on a skeleton of 17 carbon atoms
0:17:29 > 0:17:31in a tetracyclic arrangement?
0:17:31 > 0:17:36Other examples are bile acids and the male and female sex hormones.
0:17:38 > 0:17:41- Well, testosterone, but I think they've already said that.- Yeah.
0:17:41 > 0:17:44I...I don't know.
0:17:44 > 0:17:46Do we have any guesses?
0:17:46 > 0:17:48Testosterone is probably one of those,
0:17:48 > 0:17:50but can we say that on TV? I don't know.
0:17:50 > 0:17:52That's a classic combo. No.
0:17:52 > 0:17:54- Um, we're sorry. We don't know. - Steroids.
0:17:54 > 0:17:57And secondly, what single-word noun
0:17:57 > 0:18:00denotes the group of steroids that are synthesised from cholesterol
0:18:00 > 0:18:02in the adrenal cortex?
0:18:07 > 0:18:11Is it...? I think it's anabolic steroids.
0:18:11 > 0:18:12- Should I say that just as a guess?- Anabolic.
0:18:12 > 0:18:15- Yeah, better than doing... - All right. All right.
0:18:15 > 0:18:17Anabolic. Anabolic.
0:18:17 > 0:18:20- Anabolic. - No, they're corticosteroids.
0:18:20 > 0:18:24And finally, what adjective is applied to steroid compounds
0:18:24 > 0:18:28that promote tissue growth by stimulating protein production?
0:18:28 > 0:18:31Examples include androgens and synthetic forms
0:18:31 > 0:18:33used medicinally for weight gain.
0:18:33 > 0:18:37- This could be anabolic steroids. - Yeah, maybe. Any other?- No.
0:18:37 > 0:18:39- Anabolic.- It is anabolic, yes. APPLAUSE
0:18:39 > 0:18:40Right, ten points for this.
0:18:40 > 0:18:42With structures dating
0:18:42 > 0:18:44to the eighth century BCE,
0:18:44 > 0:18:48the ancient city of Meroe is in which present-day country?
0:18:48 > 0:18:51Noted for its burial pyramids, it's located...
0:18:52 > 0:18:57- Sudan.- Sudan is right, yes. APPLAUSE
0:18:57 > 0:19:00These bonuses could give you the lead again, Nuffield.
0:19:00 > 0:19:01They're on Greek-derived terms.
0:19:01 > 0:19:04In each case, give the term from the definition.
0:19:04 > 0:19:08All three end with the same uncommon pair of final consonants.
0:19:08 > 0:19:11Firstly, a model pattern or typical instance
0:19:11 > 0:19:13and hence a generally accepted view.
0:19:13 > 0:19:16In traditional grammar, it refers to a table
0:19:16 > 0:19:19showing the inflected forms of a noun or verb.
0:19:22 > 0:19:25- It's a Greek-derived term? - It's not a prototype.
0:19:28 > 0:19:31- Is it ringing any bells? - A model example? Um...
0:19:31 > 0:19:34- An example. - Something commonly accepted.
0:19:34 > 0:19:36- Archetype?- Archetype?- What?
0:19:36 > 0:19:39- Archetype?- Archetype?
0:19:39 > 0:19:42- I don't know. - Well, it's the best we have.- OK.
0:19:42 > 0:19:45- Archetype.- No, it's paradigm.
0:19:45 > 0:19:49Secondly, a short, pointed saying, adage, maxim or aphorism.
0:19:49 > 0:19:52Erasmus of Rotterdam produced a notable collection
0:19:52 > 0:19:54in the early 16th century.
0:19:55 > 0:19:57- Maxim?- Short, pointed saying.
0:19:57 > 0:20:00- Did it have to end with G-M as well?- Um...
0:20:00 > 0:20:03- So, it's got the same unusual ending.- Yeah, yeah.
0:20:03 > 0:20:06- And it has to end with I-G-M? - Not paradigm.
0:20:06 > 0:20:10What's the famous Erasmus book? It's Praise Of Folly.
0:20:10 > 0:20:13- Like an adage or something.- Adage.
0:20:15 > 0:20:17Come on. Let's have it, please.
0:20:17 > 0:20:20- Sorry, we don't know.- It's apothem.
0:20:20 > 0:20:21And finally, in anatomy,
0:20:21 > 0:20:25the structure separating the chest from the abdomen.
0:20:25 > 0:20:28- That's diaphragm.- Diaphragm. - Diaphragm.- Correct.
0:20:28 > 0:20:29We'll take another picture round.
0:20:29 > 0:20:31For your picture starter,
0:20:31 > 0:20:33you're going to see a photograph.
0:20:33 > 0:20:34Ten points if you can identify
0:20:34 > 0:20:37the prominent political figure depicted.
0:20:39 > 0:20:41- Wangari Maathai.- No.
0:20:41 > 0:20:43Anyone like to buzz from Imperial?
0:20:44 > 0:20:46- Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.- Correct.
0:20:46 > 0:20:49APPLAUSE
0:20:49 > 0:20:51The president of Liberia,
0:20:51 > 0:20:54Africa's first elected female head of state in government.
0:20:54 > 0:20:56For your bonuses, you're going to see three more
0:20:56 > 0:20:58recent female heads of government,
0:20:58 > 0:21:00each being the first woman to hold that office.
0:21:00 > 0:21:03For five points each, I would like their name
0:21:03 > 0:21:04and the country in which they were elected.
0:21:04 > 0:21:06Firstly...
0:21:07 > 0:21:10- Um... Oh, um... Ah. - It's not Helle Thorning-Schmidt.
0:21:10 > 0:21:12- I don't know. - Is she the Croatian one?
0:21:12 > 0:21:15- Ivo Josipovic. She might be, yeah.- Possibly.
0:21:15 > 0:21:17Do you want to say that? Nominate Braude.
0:21:17 > 0:21:21- Ivo Josipovic. - No, it's Michelle Bachelet of Chile.
0:21:21 > 0:21:22Secondly, who's this?
0:21:24 > 0:21:27- Oh, that's South Korea. - Yeah, it's Park...
0:21:27 > 0:21:30- What is her name? Park? - Just say Park, yeah.
0:21:30 > 0:21:32South Korea and Park.
0:21:32 > 0:21:35- I need more than Park.- Geun-hye.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38Park Geun-hye of South Korea is correct, yes.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41LAUGHTER And finally...
0:21:41 > 0:21:43- Um, that's Helle. - Helle Thorning-Schmidt.
0:21:43 > 0:21:46- Helle Thorning-Schmidt and Denmark. - That's right. Mrs Kinnock.
0:21:46 > 0:21:49APPLAUSE Right, ten points for this.
0:21:49 > 0:21:52From the Latin for curl, what six-letter term
0:21:52 > 0:21:55denotes clouds composed of ice crystals
0:21:55 > 0:21:57that form at a height of...?
0:21:58 > 0:22:02- Cirrus.- Cirrus is correct, yes. APPLAUSE
0:22:02 > 0:22:04These bonuses are on dyes, Imperial.
0:22:04 > 0:22:07The French chemist Francois-Emmanuel Verguin
0:22:07 > 0:22:09synthesised, from aniline,
0:22:09 > 0:22:11a dye that was originally called fuchsine
0:22:11 > 0:22:15and later given what name after a battle of 1859?
0:22:15 > 0:22:17Um, it's not mauve, is it?
0:22:17 > 0:22:19- No, mauve was made by a British guy.- OK.
0:22:19 > 0:22:22- 1859?- Um, Prussian. - Is it? That's a dye?
0:22:22 > 0:22:24Well, that could be. Prussian blue.
0:22:24 > 0:22:27- Prussian blue.- No, it's magenta.
0:22:27 > 0:22:30Originally produced from a plant native to Southeast Asia
0:22:30 > 0:22:32and later synthesised from coal tar,
0:22:32 > 0:22:37the vivid vat dye also known as Indian blue has what common name?
0:22:37 > 0:22:40- Indigo maybe?- Indigo. - Yeah, try that.
0:22:40 > 0:22:42- Indigo.- Correct.
0:22:42 > 0:22:45From the name that Lavoisier gave to nitrogen,
0:22:45 > 0:22:49what three-letter term denotes the large group of synthetic dyes
0:22:49 > 0:22:52that includes tartrazine and Congo red?
0:22:52 > 0:22:56- Is it lyes?- Is it something like...? No, that's...- Three-letter.
0:22:56 > 0:22:58- Is that what he said? Did he say three-letter?- No.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01Lyes are a kind of dye, aren't they?
0:23:01 > 0:23:03Yeah, but I think they're a bit older than that. Go on.
0:23:03 > 0:23:05Um, nominate Fernando.
0:23:05 > 0:23:09- Lye.- No, it's azo dyes.- Oh. - Ten points for this.
0:23:09 > 0:23:10Born in the 1570s,
0:23:10 > 0:23:13the clergyman William Oughtred invented an early form
0:23:13 > 0:23:15of what mathematical instrument
0:23:15 > 0:23:17used primarily for multiplication and division?
0:23:17 > 0:23:19Popular in classrooms, it was...
0:23:20 > 0:23:22- Slide rule.- Correct.
0:23:22 > 0:23:25APPLAUSE
0:23:25 > 0:23:28These bonuses are on North Africa, Imperial.
0:23:28 > 0:23:30From that of its oldest known inhabitants,
0:23:30 > 0:23:34what name was formally given to the coastal region of North Africa
0:23:34 > 0:23:38associated with piracy from the 16th to the early 19th century?
0:23:38 > 0:23:41- Barbary Coast. - Correct, after the Berbers.
0:23:41 > 0:23:43In the early 19th century,
0:23:43 > 0:23:45which country fought the Barbary Wars
0:23:45 > 0:23:48against Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli
0:23:48 > 0:23:51over the right of safe passage to the Mediterranean?
0:23:51 > 0:23:56- Not the Ottoman Empire?- No. - Italy wasn't unified in those days.
0:23:56 > 0:23:58- I don't know, then. - Something further south maybe?
0:23:58 > 0:24:00- I don't know.- I doubt it.
0:24:00 > 0:24:02- Italy.- No, it was the United States.
0:24:02 > 0:24:06And finally, what word is the Arabic for west
0:24:06 > 0:24:09and now denotes areas of the former Barbary region?
0:24:09 > 0:24:11- Is it Maghreb?- Yeah.
0:24:11 > 0:24:13- Maghreb.- Maghreb is right. Four minutes to go.
0:24:13 > 0:24:15Ten points for this. Listen carefully.
0:24:15 > 0:24:19Theta is the only upper-case letter of the Greek alphabet
0:24:19 > 0:24:22that, in the Arial typeface, consists of exactly two
0:24:22 > 0:24:26entirely non-intersecting lines or curves.
0:24:26 > 0:24:28In the same typeface,
0:24:28 > 0:24:31which upper-case Greek letter consists of exactly three?
0:24:33 > 0:24:34- Xi.- Correct.
0:24:34 > 0:24:37APPLAUSE
0:24:37 > 0:24:40You get bonuses on a family of curves.
0:24:40 > 0:24:42Which French mathematician gives his name to the graph
0:24:42 > 0:24:44of a system of parametric equations
0:24:44 > 0:24:47which describe complex harmonic motion?
0:24:48 > 0:24:50Um...um...um...
0:24:50 > 0:24:54- Argand? Argand? - Argand would be a decent guess.
0:24:54 > 0:24:56- Argand.- No, it's Lissajous.
0:24:56 > 0:25:00What conic section is obtained in the case that omega equals one,
0:25:00 > 0:25:04A is not equal to B and delta is non-zero?
0:25:04 > 0:25:08- That was just a noise. - Is that an ellipse?
0:25:08 > 0:25:11- Probably.- OK, try it.- Just...
0:25:11 > 0:25:12- Ellipse.- Ellipse is correct.
0:25:12 > 0:25:16In the same case above, what is obtained when delta equals zero?
0:25:16 > 0:25:19- A circle, isn't it? Or just...? - Yeah, yeah.- Either a circle or a...?
0:25:19 > 0:25:22- Circle.- No, it's a straight line. Ten points for this.
0:25:22 > 0:25:26Which Roman goddess personifies Humanitas or benevolence
0:25:26 > 0:25:29in the centre of a group scene in one work by Botticelli,
0:25:29 > 0:25:31while in another, she is depicted reclining...?
0:25:32 > 0:25:34- Venus.- Venus is correct, yes.
0:25:34 > 0:25:37APPLAUSE
0:25:37 > 0:25:40These bonuses are on the Book of Genesis, Imperial.
0:25:40 > 0:25:43During the flight from Sodom and Gomorrah in Chapter 19,
0:25:43 > 0:25:45of whom is it said,
0:25:45 > 0:25:48"She looked back from behind him and she became a pillar of salt"?
0:25:48 > 0:25:49Lot's wife.
0:25:49 > 0:25:51- Lot's wife.- Correct.
0:25:51 > 0:25:54In Chapter 25, Esau is described as,
0:25:54 > 0:25:57"A cunning hunter, a man of the field."
0:25:57 > 0:26:00Who's his brother, described as, "A plain man dwelling in tents"?
0:26:00 > 0:26:02That'll be Jacob, I think.
0:26:02 > 0:26:03- Jacob.- Correct.
0:26:03 > 0:26:06In Chapter 45, to whom does Pharaoh say,
0:26:06 > 0:26:09"Ye shall eat the fat of the land"?
0:26:09 > 0:26:12Um, Pharaoh? That would be Moses or something.
0:26:12 > 0:26:13Moses or one of those people.
0:26:13 > 0:26:15Moses.
0:26:15 > 0:26:17No, it's to Joseph. Ten points for this.
0:26:17 > 0:26:19The Milky Way galaxy has an estimated diameter
0:26:19 > 0:26:23of more than 30kpc. For what...?
0:26:24 > 0:26:26- Kiloparsec.- Correct.
0:26:26 > 0:26:29APPLAUSE
0:26:29 > 0:26:31Your bonuses, Imperial,
0:26:31 > 0:26:33are on currencies of Central America.
0:26:33 > 0:26:35In each case, identify the currency
0:26:35 > 0:26:36that takes its name from the following
0:26:36 > 0:26:39and name the country in which it is used.
0:26:39 > 0:26:43Firstly, a leader of the Lenca people killed in 1537
0:26:43 > 0:26:47when leading an army against the Spanish conquistadors.
0:26:48 > 0:26:51- Oh!- Currencies? What about...?
0:26:51 > 0:26:55- Could it be...?- Central American. - Let's have it, please.
0:26:55 > 0:26:57Guatemala or something? I have no idea.
0:26:57 > 0:27:00- Real and Brazil. - No, it's lempira in Honduras.
0:27:00 > 0:27:04Secondly, a bird sometimes known as the resplendent trogon.
0:27:04 > 0:27:06It's distinguished by long tail feathers
0:27:06 > 0:27:08that were used as a currency by the Mayas.
0:27:08 > 0:27:10Any idea at all?
0:27:10 > 0:27:13- What's the currency of Mexico? - Peso.- Peso.
0:27:13 > 0:27:16- Well, it's not that. - So, it's not that.
0:27:16 > 0:27:17I don't think we know.
0:27:17 > 0:27:20- The paradise bird and Guatemala. - Let's have it, please.
0:27:20 > 0:27:22- We've no idea. - It's the quetzal in Guatemala.
0:27:22 > 0:27:26And finally, a Spanish conquistador born in 1475.
0:27:26 > 0:27:28He's generally cited as being the first European
0:27:28 > 0:27:31to see the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean.
0:27:31 > 0:27:35- Balboa. Balboa and Panama maybe? - Is Balboa a...?
0:27:35 > 0:27:37I have no idea, but Balboa was the first person...
0:27:37 > 0:27:39- OK, Balboa and Panama.- Correct.
0:27:39 > 0:27:42APPLAUSE Ten points for this.
0:27:42 > 0:27:44What common adjective links the titles of...?
0:27:44 > 0:27:45GONG And at the gong,
0:27:45 > 0:27:47Nuffield College, Oxford,
0:27:47 > 0:27:49have 85, but Imperial have 190.
0:27:49 > 0:27:52APPLAUSE
0:27:52 > 0:27:56Well, Nuffield, you know, you didn't do so well today,
0:27:56 > 0:27:58but you're a terrific team and we're going to see you again.
0:27:58 > 0:28:00Imperial, congratulations.
0:28:00 > 0:28:02You've won the first of the two quarterfinals
0:28:02 > 0:28:04you need to win to go through to the semis.
0:28:04 > 0:28:05Another terrific performance from you.
0:28:05 > 0:28:07We'll look forward to seeing you next time
0:28:07 > 0:28:09in your second quarterfinal.
0:28:09 > 0:28:10Until then, it's goodbye
0:28:10 > 0:28:12- from Nuffield College, Oxford. ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:12 > 0:28:15- It's goodbye from Imperial College, London. ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:15 > 0:28:17And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.
0:28:17 > 0:28:18APPLAUSE