0:00:20 > 0:00:22University Challenge.
0:00:23 > 0:00:26Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:26 > 0:00:28APPLAUSE
0:00:28 > 0:00:30Hello. By the end of tonight's match,
0:00:30 > 0:00:32we'll know the first of the four teams
0:00:32 > 0:00:36who'll be competing in the semifinals of this competition.
0:00:36 > 0:00:40Both teams playing for that place already have one quarterfinal
0:00:40 > 0:00:43victory behind them so whoever wins tonight will go through,
0:00:43 > 0:00:47while the losers will get one last chance to stay in the contest.
0:00:47 > 0:00:49The team from St John's College, Oxford
0:00:49 > 0:00:55came out of round one with 255 points to Bristol's 125.
0:00:55 > 0:00:57And then in the second round they defeated Queens, Belfast
0:00:57 > 0:00:59by 180 points to 100.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02Things were going swimmingly in their first quarterfinal against
0:01:02 > 0:01:04St Catharine's College, Cambridge
0:01:04 > 0:01:07until around the halfway mark but then they seemed to doze off a bit
0:01:07 > 0:01:10and secured victory by only a five-point margin
0:01:10 > 0:01:13with 175 points to 170.
0:01:13 > 0:01:18With an accumulated score of 610, let's meet them for the fourth time.
0:01:19 > 0:01:21Hi, my name is Alex Harries.
0:01:21 > 0:01:24I come from South Wales and I'm reading history.
0:01:25 > 0:01:26Hello, my name is Charlie Clegg.
0:01:26 > 0:01:29I'm from Glasgow and I'm reading theology.
0:01:29 > 0:01:30And this is their captain.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32Hi, my name's Angus Russell.
0:01:32 > 0:01:35I'm from Mill Hill in North London and I study history and Russian.
0:01:35 > 0:01:37Hi, I'm Dan Sowood.
0:01:37 > 0:01:40I'm from Uxbridge in Middlesex and I'm reading chemistry.
0:01:40 > 0:01:42APPLAUSE
0:01:44 > 0:01:46Now, the team from Peterhouse, Cambridge
0:01:46 > 0:01:51beat Glasgow University by 185 points to 155 in round one,
0:01:51 > 0:01:54and the medics of St George's, London in the second round
0:01:54 > 0:01:57by a stronger margin of 195 to 90.
0:01:57 > 0:02:00They met the University of York in their first quarterfinal match
0:02:00 > 0:02:02and were trailing for the first ten minutes
0:02:02 > 0:02:04but then managed to take the lead
0:02:04 > 0:02:08and were ahead at the gong by 185 points to 165.
0:02:08 > 0:02:12So, with an accumulated score of 565 points,
0:02:12 > 0:02:15let's meet the Peterhouse team for the fourth time.
0:02:15 > 0:02:16Hello, I'm Thomas Langley.
0:02:16 > 0:02:20I'm from Newcastle upon Tyne and I'm reading history.
0:02:20 > 0:02:21Hello, I'm Oscar Powell.
0:02:21 > 0:02:23I'm from York and I'm reading geological sciences.
0:02:23 > 0:02:26- And this is their captain. - Hello, I'm Hannah Woods.
0:02:26 > 0:02:30I'm originally from Manchester and I'm studying for a PhD in history.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Hello, my name's Julian Sutcliffe.
0:02:32 > 0:02:35I'm from Reading in Berkshire and I'm also reading history.
0:02:35 > 0:02:37APPLAUSE
0:02:39 > 0:02:41So, you all know the rules. Fingers on the buzzers.
0:02:41 > 0:02:44Here's your first starter for ten.
0:02:44 > 0:02:48Meanings of what five-letter word include a commemorative coin with
0:02:48 > 0:02:51values since 1990 of £5,
0:02:51 > 0:02:54an artificial replacement for the external part of a...
0:02:55 > 0:02:56Crown.
0:02:56 > 0:02:57Correct.
0:02:59 > 0:03:01So, you get the first set of bonuses, St John's.
0:03:01 > 0:03:05They're on the opening lines of three essays.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07Name the author in each case, please.
0:03:07 > 0:03:08Firstly for five,
0:03:08 > 0:03:11"I was often, when a boy, wonderfully concerned to see
0:03:11 > 0:03:12"in the Italian farces,
0:03:12 > 0:03:16"a pedant always brought in for the fool of the play."
0:03:16 > 0:03:20This line in translation opens an essay in which writer's collection
0:03:20 > 0:03:22of the late 16th century?
0:03:24 > 0:03:25Ooh, what's the French guy?
0:03:25 > 0:03:27- Mont...- Not Montague...
0:03:27 > 0:03:30- Montaigne. Montaigne.- Montaigne.
0:03:30 > 0:03:31Montaigne.
0:03:31 > 0:03:33Correct. His essay, Of Pedantry.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36From a long work of 1689, secondly.
0:03:36 > 0:03:39"Since it is the understanding that sets man above the rest
0:03:39 > 0:03:42"of sensible beings, and gives him all the advantage and dominion
0:03:42 > 0:03:43"which he has over them."
0:03:43 > 0:03:45Possibly Montesquieu but I'm not sure.
0:03:45 > 0:03:47I think that's a little early for Montesquieu.
0:03:47 > 0:03:50It might be Locke's second Treatises On Government.
0:03:50 > 0:03:52- It could be Locke.- Locke.
0:03:52 > 0:03:54It is Locke, correct. Well done, yes.
0:03:54 > 0:03:57And thirdly, from an essay of 1941.
0:03:57 > 0:04:00"As I write, highly civilised human beings are flying overhead,
0:04:00 > 0:04:02"trying to kill me."
0:04:03 > 0:04:05- Ooh. Might be JB Priestley. - Priestley?
0:04:05 > 0:04:08Possibly Priestley, possibly HG Wells.
0:04:08 > 0:04:10- Possibly even Orwell.- Yeah. - I thought it might be Orwell.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13- Do you want to go for Orwell? He wrote a lot of essays.- Orwell.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15Orwell.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18It is George Orwell. He did indeed write a lot of essays.
0:04:18 > 0:04:20APPLAUSE
0:04:20 > 0:04:21Ten points for this.
0:04:21 > 0:04:23What was Rossini's last operatic composition?
0:04:23 > 0:04:27Although rarely performed on stage, its overtures gained worldwide...
0:04:29 > 0:04:30William Tell.
0:04:30 > 0:04:32Well done, yes.
0:04:32 > 0:04:34APPLAUSE
0:04:34 > 0:04:36Right, a set of bonuses on physics.
0:04:36 > 0:04:38Named after a German physicist,
0:04:38 > 0:04:41which law is a special case of Planck's law of radiation
0:04:41 > 0:04:42and states that for a black body,
0:04:42 > 0:04:46the wavelength corresponding to maximum radiation of energy
0:04:46 > 0:04:49is inversely proportional to the temperature of the body?
0:04:49 > 0:04:52Oh, right... So...
0:04:52 > 0:04:55- Black body radiation. I can't think. - It's not, it's not...
0:04:56 > 0:05:00Is it something like Helmholt, maybe? Or Humboldt.
0:05:00 > 0:05:01- It's not Boltzmann. - It's not Boltzmann?
0:05:01 > 0:05:04I don't know if there is a physicist called Humb...
0:05:04 > 0:05:06- Is it definitely not Boltzmann? - I don't think it is.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09I'd go for Helmholt. I don't know but...
0:05:09 > 0:05:11Helmholt.
0:05:11 > 0:05:14- What? Wien's law.- No idea.
0:05:14 > 0:05:17Secondly, whose law states that the energy per unit surface area
0:05:17 > 0:05:20radiated by a black body per unit of time
0:05:20 > 0:05:23is directly proportional to the fourth power of its temperature?
0:05:23 > 0:05:26I've used that to calculate insulation in exams
0:05:26 > 0:05:28but I don't know what it's called.
0:05:28 > 0:05:30You don't learn what they're called.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32I have no idea. Go for...
0:05:32 > 0:05:34- Helmholtz does exist.- Helmholtz.
0:05:34 > 0:05:37- CHUCKLING - Does Helmholtz definitely exist?
0:05:37 > 0:05:39Humboldt also exists but I think he's a zoologist,
0:05:39 > 0:05:40so go for Helmholtz.
0:05:40 > 0:05:42We're going to go for Helmholtz again.
0:05:42 > 0:05:46No, it's... Have you thought of a career in stand-up, Oscar?
0:05:46 > 0:05:49- It's Stefan-Boltzmann law.- Oh! - Stefan's law.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54The intensity, finally, or power per unit area
0:05:54 > 0:05:57arriving at a given location from a black body is proportional
0:05:57 > 0:06:01to the distance from the location to the source raised to what exponent?
0:06:01 > 0:06:06Oh, deary me. OK, let's go squared. Or is it cubed, though?
0:06:06 > 0:06:08It sounds like one of those inverse-squared laws.
0:06:08 > 0:06:10- I have no...- Squared? - Just go squared.- Power of two.
0:06:10 > 0:06:12Power of two.
0:06:12 > 0:06:14- No, it's minus 2. The inverse square.- Oh, it's an inverse square.
0:06:14 > 0:06:16Right, ten points for this.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19What is the common name of members of the family Petromyzontidae?
0:06:19 > 0:06:23They are jawless vertebrates with bodies resembling eels...
0:06:23 > 0:06:24Lampreys.
0:06:24 > 0:06:26Correct, yes. APPLAUSE
0:06:28 > 0:06:32Right, these bonuses are on Katherine Chidley,
0:06:32 > 0:06:36the 17th-century agitator and religious controversialist.
0:06:36 > 0:06:38Firstly, in a tract of 1641,
0:06:38 > 0:06:42Chidley compared officeholders in which national organisation to,
0:06:42 > 0:06:45quote, "Those locusts which ascended out of the bottomless pit"?
0:06:47 > 0:06:52Might be Houses of Parliament. Or Church of England maybe.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55- Oh, yeah.- Church of England?- Yes.
0:06:55 > 0:06:56Church of England.
0:06:56 > 0:06:57Correct.
0:06:57 > 0:07:00Chidley is generally identified as a leading member
0:07:00 > 0:07:02of which reformist grouping?
0:07:02 > 0:07:03Active from the 1640s,
0:07:03 > 0:07:07its publicists included Richard Overton and William Walwyn.
0:07:07 > 0:07:09- Levellers.- Is it the Levellers?- Yes. - The Levellers.
0:07:09 > 0:07:14Correct. In 1653, Chidley organised a petition to Parliament that
0:07:14 > 0:07:19reportedly garnered over 6,000 female signatures but was refused,
0:07:19 > 0:07:23quote, "For they being women and many of them wives, so that the law
0:07:23 > 0:07:24"took no notice of them."
0:07:24 > 0:07:28The petition was in defence of which leading Leveller?
0:07:29 > 0:07:33- I've no idea.- I can't think of any. It's not Walwyn. Can you...?
0:07:33 > 0:07:36My 17th century is poor.
0:07:36 > 0:07:40- Maybe it is Walwyn.- I've no idea. - Walwyn.- Walwyn?
0:07:40 > 0:07:42Walwyn.
0:07:42 > 0:07:45- No, it's John Lilburne.- Oh.
0:07:45 > 0:07:46Time for a picture round.
0:07:46 > 0:07:48For your picture starter, you're going to see
0:07:48 > 0:07:50an example of a particular form
0:07:50 > 0:07:52of poetic stanza annotated to show
0:07:52 > 0:07:54the paradigmatic rhyme scheme
0:07:54 > 0:07:55and meter.
0:07:55 > 0:07:57For ten points I want you to give me
0:07:57 > 0:07:59the name of this type of stanza.
0:08:02 > 0:08:04Epic hexameter but...
0:08:04 > 0:08:07Would any of you like to buzz from St John's?
0:08:09 > 0:08:10Iambic pentameter.
0:08:10 > 0:08:12No, that's rhyme royal.
0:08:12 > 0:08:15The first of Chaucer's Troilus And Criseyde.
0:08:15 > 0:08:17We'll take the picture bonuses in a moment or two,
0:08:17 > 0:08:19a starter question in the meantime.
0:08:19 > 0:08:22Give the nine-letter name of the trigonometric function,
0:08:22 > 0:08:23the abbreviation of which begins
0:08:23 > 0:08:27the name of one of the highest active volcanoes in the world,
0:08:27 > 0:08:31the French name for the country between Ghana and Liberia...
0:08:33 > 0:08:34Cotangent.
0:08:34 > 0:08:35Correct.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41Both teams failed to identify rhyme royal for the picture starter
0:08:41 > 0:08:45which was introduced into English poetry by Chaucer.
0:08:45 > 0:08:47Nonetheless, you, Peterhouse, have got the picture bonuses
0:08:47 > 0:08:49because you got a starter right.
0:08:49 > 0:08:52Three more stanzaic forms, again, annotated with the paradigmatic
0:08:52 > 0:08:54rhyme scheme and/or meter.
0:08:54 > 0:08:57In each case, I want the name of the form you see.
0:08:57 > 0:08:58Firstly for five...
0:08:59 > 0:09:01That is Italian. Is it something
0:09:01 > 0:09:03to do with Petrarch maybe?
0:09:03 > 0:09:05- What's Italian?- Petrarchan sonnet.
0:09:05 > 0:09:07That's the only thing I can think.
0:09:07 > 0:09:08But is it a sonnet though?
0:09:08 > 0:09:10there's, like, six lines?
0:09:10 > 0:09:11Do we have anything we can guess
0:09:11 > 0:09:13- that's sensible?- No.
0:09:13 > 0:09:14Shall we just go for Petrarch?
0:09:14 > 0:09:16We're going to guess Petrarchan sonnet.
0:09:16 > 0:09:20No, it's terza rima, invented by Dante for the Divine Comedy.
0:09:20 > 0:09:21Those are the first lines of it.
0:09:21 > 0:09:22Secondly...
0:09:24 > 0:09:25So, that's, "St Agnes' Eve
0:09:25 > 0:09:27"Ah, bitter chill it was!"
0:09:27 > 0:09:28Da-da-da-da-da-da...
0:09:28 > 0:09:30- Is that pentameter?- Maybe.
0:09:30 > 0:09:31There are five feet.
0:09:31 > 0:09:32So what's the foot then?
0:09:32 > 0:09:34- Da-da, da-da...- Iambic pentameter.
0:09:34 > 0:09:36- No...- It's the rhyme scheme.- No.
0:09:36 > 0:09:38- It's about the rhyme scheme. - Yeah, I know but what's...
0:09:38 > 0:09:40- I don't know rhyme schemes. - OK, sorry, yes.
0:09:40 > 0:09:42Heroic couplets, that's a thing.
0:09:42 > 0:09:44- OK.- They're not couplets though.
0:09:44 > 0:09:46- I don't know.- We don't know!
0:09:46 > 0:09:49That's a Spenserian stanza, invented for The Faerie Queene,
0:09:49 > 0:09:52adopted there by Keats for The Eve Of St Agnes.
0:09:52 > 0:09:53Finally...
0:09:53 > 0:09:57So, OK. Coleridge.
0:09:57 > 0:09:58"It is an ancient Mariner..."
0:09:58 > 0:10:00They've all been named after them.
0:10:00 > 0:10:02RHYTHMIC TAPPING
0:10:03 > 0:10:05Coleridgian quatrain?
0:10:05 > 0:10:10OK, let's guess that! Coleridgian quatrain.
0:10:10 > 0:10:11Well, of course it is Coleridge, yes.
0:10:11 > 0:10:14It's the start of The Ancient Mariner, isn't it?
0:10:14 > 0:10:16But it's a ballad stanza, that form.
0:10:16 > 0:10:17Right, ten points for this.
0:10:17 > 0:10:21Now commonly referring to the Acme paragon or peak of perfection,
0:10:21 > 0:10:25which three-word Latin phrase was the supposed inscription
0:10:25 > 0:10:26on the Pillars of Hercules...
0:10:28 > 0:10:29Ne plus ultra.
0:10:29 > 0:10:32Correct. APPLAUSE
0:10:34 > 0:10:36These bonuses could give you the lead again.
0:10:36 > 0:10:39For them, you will hear a clue to the three-letter abbreviation
0:10:39 > 0:10:41of the name of a constellation
0:10:41 > 0:10:44but the answer is going to be its full name.
0:10:44 > 0:10:47So, if the clue were a river that flows through Cambridge,
0:10:47 > 0:10:53from CAM you would get the answer Camelopardalis. Perhaps.
0:10:53 > 0:10:56First, an abbreviation of the physical quantity that has
0:10:56 > 0:10:59dimensions of length cubed.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02- That's volume so it would be VOL. - Vol, vol...
0:11:06 > 0:11:08Vol. Constellations?
0:11:10 > 0:11:12Um...
0:11:14 > 0:11:17Don't know vol. No idea. Voltipex.
0:11:17 > 0:11:20No, you've got VOL correctly but it's Volans,
0:11:20 > 0:11:22the flying fish in the southern sky.
0:11:22 > 0:11:25Next, a defunct electron positron an particle accelerator
0:11:25 > 0:11:30whose 27km tunnel is now occupied by the Large Hadron Collider.
0:11:31 > 0:11:35- Oh, that's... - Is that not just LH...?
0:11:35 > 0:11:36No, it's the one that went before it.
0:11:36 > 0:11:40- But is it CMS?- Possibly.
0:11:41 > 0:11:43- That's...- Something with CMS.
0:11:43 > 0:11:45- Cassiopeia?- OK, let's try.
0:11:45 > 0:11:47Cassiopeia.
0:11:47 > 0:11:49No, it's Lepus, from LEP for hare.
0:11:49 > 0:11:53And finally, the Greek character that represents optical depth
0:11:53 > 0:11:56and proper time and names the heaviest lepton.
0:11:58 > 0:12:01- Is it...- Heaviest lepton. That's the tau neutrino.- TAU.
0:12:01 > 0:12:04- TAU, Taurus.- Oh, yes.- Taurus.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07Taurus is correct from TAU. Yes, well done.
0:12:07 > 0:12:08Right, ten points for this.
0:12:08 > 0:12:10"By his cruelty and lack of character
0:12:10 > 0:12:14"he has shown himself incorrigible without hope of amendment."
0:12:14 > 0:12:17These words are from Parliament's Articles Of Accusation
0:12:17 > 0:12:19against which English king?
0:12:19 > 0:12:20He was forced to abdicate...
0:12:21 > 0:12:23Charles I.
0:12:23 > 0:12:24No. You lose five points.
0:12:24 > 0:12:27He was forced to abdicate in favour of his 14-year-old son.
0:12:29 > 0:12:30James II.
0:12:30 > 0:12:32Neither of you got it then. It's Edward II.
0:12:32 > 0:12:35Right, we're going to take another starter question.
0:12:35 > 0:12:36Ten points for this.
0:12:36 > 0:12:38What single-word term is defined as
0:12:38 > 0:12:42the angular distance in degrees of an astronomical body
0:12:42 > 0:12:45from the celestial equator measured positively northwards
0:12:45 > 0:12:48along the hour circle, passing through the body?
0:12:51 > 0:12:52Declination.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56Declination is correct. APPLAUSE
0:12:56 > 0:12:59These bonuses are on an Italian family, Peterhouse.
0:12:59 > 0:13:03The Popes Callixtus III and Alexander VI were members
0:13:03 > 0:13:06of which family that was prominent in political and church affairs
0:13:06 > 0:13:07in Italy during the Renaissance?
0:13:07 > 0:13:09The Borgias.
0:13:09 > 0:13:12Correct. Which son of Alexander VI attempted to establish his own
0:13:12 > 0:13:14principality in Central Italy?
0:13:14 > 0:13:18Machiavelli cited him as an example of the new prince.
0:13:18 > 0:13:21- Um, nominate Langley.- Cesare Borgia.
0:13:21 > 0:13:23Correct. Cesare's sister Lucrezia
0:13:23 > 0:13:26married into three prominent Italian families.
0:13:26 > 0:13:28Her first husband, Giovanni,
0:13:28 > 0:13:32belonged to which family that ruled Milan for almost a century?
0:13:32 > 0:13:35- It's...- It's Sforza or Visconti....
0:13:35 > 0:13:38I think it's Sforza by now, by Machiavelli.
0:13:38 > 0:13:40I mean, Gian Galeazzo Visconti's family... Yeah, that's Sforzas.
0:13:40 > 0:13:43Sforza? Sforza.
0:13:43 > 0:13:45Sforza, yes, correct. Ten points for this.
0:13:45 > 0:13:48For what do the letters T-E-L stand
0:13:48 > 0:13:50when representing a chemical compound that for much of
0:13:50 > 0:13:53the 20th century was the chief anti-knock agent for petrol?
0:13:55 > 0:13:57Tetraethyl lead.
0:13:57 > 0:13:58Correct.
0:13:58 > 0:14:01APPLAUSE
0:14:01 > 0:14:04Your bonuses are on mythology, St John's.
0:14:04 > 0:14:07In Greek mythology, what collective name is given to the giant offspring
0:14:07 > 0:14:09of Gaia and Uranus,
0:14:09 > 0:14:12a group that includes Hyperion and Iapetus?
0:14:12 > 0:14:13Titans.
0:14:13 > 0:14:15Correct.
0:14:15 > 0:14:17The title character of a play by Aeschylus.
0:14:17 > 0:14:21Which son of Iapetus is associated with a myth in which Zeus punishes
0:14:21 > 0:14:24him by removing fire from the earth?
0:14:24 > 0:14:27Prometheus. No.
0:14:27 > 0:14:29Prometheus stole the fire.
0:14:35 > 0:14:37Oh, is it the guy who's the equivalent of Loki
0:14:37 > 0:14:40in Norse mythology? Like the...
0:14:40 > 0:14:42- Trickster god.- Trickster god, yeah.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46- Try Hermes.- Hermes.
0:14:46 > 0:14:47No, it's Prometheus.
0:14:47 > 0:14:49Another son of Iapetus appears
0:14:49 > 0:14:54in the title of which 1957 work by Ayn Rand?
0:14:54 > 0:14:55Described by one critic as,
0:14:55 > 0:14:58"Longer than life and twice as preposterous."
0:14:59 > 0:15:01- Is it Atlas Shrugged? - Atlas Shrugged.
0:15:01 > 0:15:02Oh, Atlas Shrugged.
0:15:02 > 0:15:06Atlas Shrugged is correct. Ten points for this.
0:15:06 > 0:15:07What two-word name denotes
0:15:07 > 0:15:09the upland region of south-central France,
0:15:09 > 0:15:12bounded by the lowlands of Aquitaine...
0:15:12 > 0:15:13Massif Central.
0:15:13 > 0:15:17Correct. APPLAUSE
0:15:17 > 0:15:20You get a set of bonuses on the Baltic Sea, Peterhouse.
0:15:20 > 0:15:23Slightly larger than the total area of the Outer Hebrides,
0:15:23 > 0:15:26what is the largest island in the Baltic Sea?
0:15:26 > 0:15:28Around 80km east of mainland Sweden,
0:15:28 > 0:15:32it has its administrative centre at Visby.
0:15:32 > 0:15:33Gotland.
0:15:33 > 0:15:35Gotland is correct.
0:15:35 > 0:15:38Secondly, the town of Bergen and the port of Sassnitz
0:15:38 > 0:15:41are situated on which island in the southern Baltic,
0:15:41 > 0:15:42the largest island of Germany?
0:15:43 > 0:15:46Where did the Goths come from?
0:15:46 > 0:15:50- Um...- I don't know.- I can't remember. I'll know it, no doubt.
0:15:50 > 0:15:52Pass.
0:15:52 > 0:15:54It's Rugen or Rugia.
0:15:54 > 0:15:58Part of the Muhu Archipelago, the island of Saaremaa
0:15:58 > 0:16:01is the largest in the territory of which country?
0:16:02 > 0:16:04I think it is the one at the very top. What's at the very top?
0:16:04 > 0:16:07- Is it Latvia?- Estonia.- Estonia.
0:16:07 > 0:16:10- Is it Estonia?- Is a Estonia on the top? I think it's Estonia.
0:16:10 > 0:16:12- Yeah.- Estonia.
0:16:12 > 0:16:13Estonia is correct.
0:16:13 > 0:16:15We're going to take a music round now.
0:16:15 > 0:16:17For your music starter question you're going to hear
0:16:17 > 0:16:20a piece of classical music by a German-born composer.
0:16:20 > 0:16:23Ten points if you can identify the composer.
0:16:23 > 0:16:26FEMALE OPERATIC SINGING
0:16:28 > 0:16:29Offenbach.
0:16:29 > 0:16:33Correct. APPLAUSE
0:16:33 > 0:16:36That piece from Offenbach's Tales Of Hoffmann is a barcarole -
0:16:36 > 0:16:38a form based on the songs of Venetian gondoliers.
0:16:38 > 0:16:42Your music bonuses are three more examples of classical barcaroles.
0:16:42 > 0:16:45I simply want you to identify the composer of each.
0:16:45 > 0:16:47Firstly, for five, this German composer.
0:16:47 > 0:16:52CLASSICAL PIANO MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:54 > 0:16:58Schumann possibly. It's a piano piece.
0:16:58 > 0:17:01- Schumann?- Let's go with Schumann. - Schumann.
0:17:01 > 0:17:04No, that's by Mendelssohn, the Gondolier's Song.
0:17:04 > 0:17:06Secondly, this French composer.
0:17:06 > 0:17:12CLASSICAL PIANO MUSIC PLAYS
0:17:17 > 0:17:20- Possibly Faure.- Faure. - It's not Chopin.
0:17:20 > 0:17:23- Is it definitely not Chopin? - I don't think so.
0:17:23 > 0:17:26- It doesn't sound... Faure?- Faure.
0:17:26 > 0:17:27Faure.
0:17:27 > 0:17:30It is Faure, yes. His Barcarole No.4 In A Flat Major.
0:17:30 > 0:17:33And finally, this Central European composer.
0:17:33 > 0:17:37PIANO MUSIC PLAYS
0:17:41 > 0:17:43Dvorak?
0:17:43 > 0:17:46Yeah, it's possible.
0:17:46 > 0:17:49Yeah, probably Dvorak.
0:17:49 > 0:17:50Dvorak.
0:17:50 > 0:17:52No, it's Chopin.
0:17:52 > 0:17:53Right, ten points for this.
0:17:53 > 0:17:57Which novel of 1886 includes Michael Henchard and Donald Farfrae
0:17:57 > 0:17:59among its characters?
0:17:59 > 0:18:00The Mayor of Casterbridge.
0:18:00 > 0:18:01Correct.
0:18:01 > 0:18:04APPLAUSE
0:18:04 > 0:18:07These bonuses are on artistic techniques, St John's.
0:18:07 > 0:18:11What term of French origin is used for the technique of inlaying
0:18:11 > 0:18:13individual pieces of enamel or other decorative material
0:18:13 > 0:18:18in a pattern separated by fine metal wires or strips?
0:18:20 > 0:18:23- Veneer could be French origin.- Yeah.
0:18:23 > 0:18:24Veneer.
0:18:24 > 0:18:25No, it's cloisonne.
0:18:25 > 0:18:28Name after an Anglo-Saxon king of the ninth century,
0:18:28 > 0:18:31which item of jewellery in Oxford's Ashmolean Museum
0:18:31 > 0:18:35is one of the earliest examples of intricate cloisonne work,
0:18:35 > 0:18:38consisting of enamel and quartz secured in a gold frame?
0:18:38 > 0:18:39Alfred.
0:18:39 > 0:18:41The Alfred Jewel is right.
0:18:41 > 0:18:42Cloisonnism -
0:18:42 > 0:18:45a style of painting based on the appearance of cloisonne -
0:18:45 > 0:18:49is particularly associated with which French artist
0:18:49 > 0:18:50in works of the 1880s, such as
0:18:50 > 0:18:53The Vision After The Sermon and Yellow Christ?
0:18:53 > 0:18:56- Gauguin.- Yes.- Gauguin.
0:18:56 > 0:18:59Correct. That gives you the lead.
0:18:59 > 0:19:02With another ten points at stake, all of you on this starter question.
0:19:02 > 0:19:04In mathematics, Apery's theorem
0:19:04 > 0:19:07has searched the irrationality of the Riemann zeta function
0:19:07 > 0:19:11when evaluated at which integer argument?
0:19:15 > 0:19:16One.
0:19:16 > 0:19:18Anyone like to buzz?
0:19:18 > 0:19:19Pi.
0:19:19 > 0:19:21No, it's three. Ten points for this. Listen carefully,
0:19:21 > 0:19:25giving two answers in French or English.
0:19:25 > 0:19:31From 1364 to 1793, Charles and Louis were two of the four regnal names
0:19:31 > 0:19:33born by French kings.
0:19:33 > 0:19:35What were the other two?
0:19:36 > 0:19:37Francis and Henry.
0:19:37 > 0:19:39Correct, yes.
0:19:39 > 0:19:41APPLAUSE
0:19:41 > 0:19:42You retake the lead and the bonuses
0:19:42 > 0:19:45this time are on biology, Peterhouse.
0:19:45 > 0:19:48All three answers begin with the same Greek prefix.
0:19:48 > 0:19:51Firstly, what name is given to the final period of mitosis,
0:19:51 > 0:19:54the reconstruction of the nuclei which follows the anaphase?
0:19:54 > 0:19:57- Telophase.- Telo?- Yes, telophase. - Telophase.
0:19:57 > 0:19:59Correct.
0:19:59 > 0:20:03Meaning end germ or bud, what term denotes a large cell
0:20:03 > 0:20:06that produces lines of smaller cells at the growing end of embryos
0:20:06 > 0:20:07in segmented animals?
0:20:07 > 0:20:10It's not cholemia. What was...?
0:20:10 > 0:20:14- Telo something.- I don't know any other telo words.- Telosome?
0:20:14 > 0:20:16Yeah, or telocyte.
0:20:16 > 0:20:19Telosome might be better if you think you've heard of it.
0:20:19 > 0:20:21- Shall I try it?- I think telocyte
0:20:21 > 0:20:24might be a bit simple just because... Cyte just means cell.
0:20:24 > 0:20:25Telosome.
0:20:25 > 0:20:26No, it's teloblast.
0:20:26 > 0:20:29And finally, what name is given to the compound structure
0:20:29 > 0:20:31found at the end of a chromosome in eukaryotes?
0:20:31 > 0:20:32Telomere.
0:20:32 > 0:20:35Correct. Another starter question now and it's going to be
0:20:35 > 0:20:37a picture one.
0:20:37 > 0:20:39For your picture starter you're going to see a painting.
0:20:39 > 0:20:40For ten points, I want the name of
0:20:40 > 0:20:42the artist and the subject depicted.
0:20:45 > 0:20:48The Martyrdom Of Saint Sebastian and El Greco.
0:20:48 > 0:20:49That is correct, yes.
0:20:52 > 0:20:54Your picture bonuses are three more depictions
0:20:54 > 0:20:57of the martyrdom of Saint Sebastian, all by Italian artists.
0:20:57 > 0:21:00For five points each, I want the name of the artist.
0:21:00 > 0:21:02- Firstly, whose this by?- Hmm.
0:21:04 > 0:21:08It's High Renaissance so possibly Raphael.
0:21:08 > 0:21:10- Yeah.- Yeah?- Go Raphael.
0:21:10 > 0:21:11Raphael.
0:21:11 > 0:21:13No, that's by Titian. Secondly.
0:21:15 > 0:21:17- It looks like Caravaggio.- Yeah.
0:21:17 > 0:21:20- It may not be but, yeah.- Caravaggio.
0:21:20 > 0:21:23No, that's by Guido Reni. And finally...
0:21:26 > 0:21:27I'd go for Botticelli.
0:21:27 > 0:21:28It's certainly...
0:21:28 > 0:21:30It's Botticelli or Leonardo.
0:21:30 > 0:21:31No, I think it's Botticelli.
0:21:31 > 0:21:33- Botticelli, OK.- One of those two.
0:21:33 > 0:21:35- Shall we go...?- Botticelli.
0:21:35 > 0:21:36It is Botticelli, yes.
0:21:36 > 0:21:38Right, level pegging. Ten points for this.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41Giving views across to Wales, Blackdown is the highest point
0:21:41 > 0:21:44in which range of limestone hills?
0:21:44 > 0:21:47They lie close to the cathedral city of Wells and include caves,
0:21:47 > 0:21:49such as those at Wookey Hole.
0:21:51 > 0:21:52Wenlock. Wenlock Hills.
0:21:52 > 0:21:55Anyone like to buzz from St John's? Quickly.
0:21:57 > 0:21:58The Cotswolds.
0:21:58 > 0:22:00No, they're the Mendips. Ten points for this.
0:22:00 > 0:22:04What mammal did Ted Hughes describe as, "Four-legged yet
0:22:04 > 0:22:09"water-gifted to outfish fish, with webbed feet and long..."
0:22:09 > 0:22:10Otter.
0:22:10 > 0:22:13Correct. APPLAUSE
0:22:13 > 0:22:17You retake the lead and your bonuses are on the 18th-century engineer
0:22:17 > 0:22:18James Brindley.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21Firstly for five, from the late 1750s,
0:22:21 > 0:22:24Brindley played a prominent part in the construction of which canal?
0:22:24 > 0:22:27It links coal mines at Worsley with Manchester and Salford
0:22:27 > 0:22:30and its named after the duke who commissioned it.
0:22:30 > 0:22:31The Bridgwater Canal.
0:22:31 > 0:22:34Correct. Brindley designed the Harecastle Tunnel
0:22:34 > 0:22:36at Kidsgrove in Staffordshire.
0:22:36 > 0:22:37More than 1.5 miles long,
0:22:37 > 0:22:41it forms part of which canal, named after two major rivers?
0:22:43 > 0:22:45Can we make an educated guess?
0:22:47 > 0:22:49- In Staffordshire. - Staffordshire, so...
0:22:49 > 0:22:51I don't know any rivers in Staffordshire.
0:22:52 > 0:22:56- The Tyne.- The Tyne?- I don't know where the Tyne is.
0:22:56 > 0:22:58- I don't know, just pass.- Pass.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01That's the Trent and Mersey Canal.
0:23:01 > 0:23:04And finally, a museum dedicated to Brindley's life and work is in
0:23:04 > 0:23:07which North Staffordshire town, where he worked as a millwright?
0:23:07 > 0:23:10It's now sometimes known as the Queen of the Moorlands.
0:23:13 > 0:23:14Places in Staffordshire.
0:23:16 > 0:23:18- Bodmin?- I'll just guess something.
0:23:18 > 0:23:19Leek.
0:23:19 > 0:23:22Leek is correct. About four and a quarter minutes to go
0:23:22 > 0:23:23and ten points at stake for this.
0:23:23 > 0:23:27"Something went wrong in the lab today. Very wrong."
0:23:27 > 0:23:31That is the tag line of which 1986 film by David...
0:23:31 > 0:23:32The Fly.
0:23:32 > 0:23:34The Fly is correct, yes.
0:23:34 > 0:23:36APPLAUSE
0:23:36 > 0:23:39You get a set of bonuses on British rodents, Peterhouse.
0:23:39 > 0:23:42What short word follows common, field and bank
0:23:42 > 0:23:45in the popular names of small rodents of the genera Microtus
0:23:45 > 0:23:47and Myodes?
0:23:47 > 0:23:48- I thing that is vole.- Vole.
0:23:48 > 0:23:49Correct.
0:23:49 > 0:23:54Often depicted with its prehensile tail wrapped around an ear of grain,
0:23:54 > 0:23:57Britain's smallest rodent, Micromys minutus,
0:23:57 > 0:23:59has what common two-word name?
0:23:59 > 0:24:03Harvest mouse. I think so. Harvest mouse.
0:24:03 > 0:24:06Correct. The common or hazel is the only British member
0:24:06 > 0:24:08of the family Gliridae.
0:24:08 > 0:24:10By what eight-letter name is it known?
0:24:11 > 0:24:13Wait a minute, is it spelt...?
0:24:13 > 0:24:15- Oh, yes, sorry, dormouse.- Dormouse.
0:24:15 > 0:24:16Correct. Ten points for this.
0:24:16 > 0:24:19"It is better that ten guilty persons escape,
0:24:19 > 0:24:21"than one innocent suffer."
0:24:21 > 0:24:25Who wrote those words in the 1765 work,
0:24:25 > 0:24:27Commentaries On The Laws Of England?
0:24:28 > 0:24:30Blackstone.
0:24:30 > 0:24:32Correct. APPLAUSE
0:24:32 > 0:24:35Your bonuses on European languages, St John's.
0:24:35 > 0:24:37I need you to spell the answer in each case.
0:24:37 > 0:24:42What is the past participle of the French verb boire, meaning to drink?
0:24:42 > 0:24:43- BU.- B-U.
0:24:43 > 0:24:45Correct.
0:24:45 > 0:24:46What is the past participle
0:24:46 > 0:24:49of the German verb essen, meaning to eat?
0:24:50 > 0:24:53Gegessen. G-E-G-E-S-S-E-N.
0:24:53 > 0:24:54Correct.
0:24:54 > 0:24:56Finally, what is the past participle
0:24:56 > 0:24:59of the Spanish verb dormir, meaning to sleep?
0:25:01 > 0:25:04Dormo, I think. D-O-R-M-O, I think.
0:25:05 > 0:25:06OK, D-O-R-M-O.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10No, it's D-O-R-M-I-D-O. Dormido.
0:25:10 > 0:25:11Right, ten points for this.
0:25:11 > 0:25:13What three-letter prefix begins
0:25:13 > 0:25:15words meaning a clever, pithy saying,
0:25:15 > 0:25:18an inscription on a tomb and a...
0:25:18 > 0:25:19Epi.
0:25:19 > 0:25:22Epi is correct.
0:25:22 > 0:25:25These bonuses are on vector calculus, St John's.
0:25:25 > 0:25:26Which vector operator is obtained
0:25:26 > 0:25:30as the dot product of the del operator with a vector field?
0:25:30 > 0:25:32- Any idea?- Um...
0:25:34 > 0:25:37- Di...di...Divergence. - Nominate Sowood.- Divergence.
0:25:37 > 0:25:38Divergence.
0:25:38 > 0:25:41Correct. Which vector operator is obtained as the cross product of
0:25:41 > 0:25:43the del operator with a vector field?
0:25:43 > 0:25:45- That's curl.- Nominate Sowood.- Curl.
0:25:45 > 0:25:47Correct.
0:25:47 > 0:25:50Represented by the symbol del squared, which operator is...
0:25:50 > 0:25:53- Laplacian.- Nominate Sowood. - Laplacian.
0:25:53 > 0:25:56Correct. That gets us level pegging. Ten points for this.
0:25:56 > 0:25:59A research institution serving the University of Wisconsin
0:25:59 > 0:26:02gives its name to which anticoagulant drug,
0:26:02 > 0:26:05originally introduced as a pesticide?
0:26:06 > 0:26:07Warfarin.
0:26:07 > 0:26:11Correct. Your bonuses this time are on a Christian sacrament.
0:26:11 > 0:26:13From the Greek for thanksgiving,
0:26:13 > 0:26:15what term denotes the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper,
0:26:15 > 0:26:17- also known as the Communion? - Eucharist.
0:26:17 > 0:26:19Correct. Meaning remembrance,
0:26:19 > 0:26:22what literary term denotes the recollection of things past and also
0:26:22 > 0:26:27refers to the part of the Eucharist that recalls Christ's sacrifice?
0:26:27 > 0:26:29- I don't know.- It's not Communion. - Commemoration.
0:26:29 > 0:26:31Come on, let's have it, please.
0:26:31 > 0:26:32Commemoration.
0:26:32 > 0:26:33No, it's anamnesis.
0:26:33 > 0:26:36And finally, in Roman Catholic doctrine, what name is given
0:26:36 > 0:26:39to the conversion of the bread and wine in the Eucharist
0:26:39 > 0:26:40into Christ's body and blood?
0:26:40 > 0:26:41Transubstantiation.
0:26:41 > 0:26:43Correct. Ten points for this.
0:26:43 > 0:26:45Emi Koussi in the Tibesti Mountains
0:26:45 > 0:26:48is the highest point in which desert?
0:26:48 > 0:26:49Its lowest point is in the
0:26:49 > 0:26:52Qattara Depression in north-western Egypt.
0:26:54 > 0:26:55Sahara.
0:26:55 > 0:26:59Correct. You get a set of bonuses, this time on an historical figure.
0:26:59 > 0:27:01Count Palatinate of the Rhine and the Duke of Cumberland
0:27:01 > 0:27:05were two of the titles of a royalist commander during the Civil Wars.
0:27:05 > 0:27:07- By what name is he better known? - Prince Rupert.
0:27:07 > 0:27:10Correct. After the Restoration, Rupert became the first governor
0:27:10 > 0:27:12of which North American commercial entity?
0:27:12 > 0:27:15Still in existence, it's known by the initials HBC.
0:27:15 > 0:27:17The Hudson's Bay Company.
0:27:17 > 0:27:21Correct. 100km from the border with Alaska, Prince Rupert is a port
0:27:21 > 0:27:24and railway terminus in which Canadian province?
0:27:24 > 0:27:27- Alaska, so Columbia?- Come on. - British Columbia.
0:27:27 > 0:27:29Correct. Ten points for this.
0:27:29 > 0:27:31GONG Sometimes paranoia...
0:27:31 > 0:27:34And at the gong, St John's College, Oxford have 150.
0:27:34 > 0:27:36Peterhouse, though, have 195.
0:27:36 > 0:27:38APPLAUSE
0:27:38 > 0:27:41Well, St John's, you're going to have to go through all this again
0:27:41 > 0:27:43if you're going to get to the semifinals.
0:27:43 > 0:27:46You need to win, remember, two. You've won one, now you've lost one
0:27:46 > 0:27:47but it was a very close match.
0:27:47 > 0:27:50Thank you very much for playing. We look forward to seeing you again.
0:27:50 > 0:27:53Peterhouse, many congratulations to you.
0:27:53 > 0:27:55You like living a bit dangerously
0:27:55 > 0:27:58but you're through to the semifinals. Congratulations to you.
0:27:58 > 0:28:01I hope you can join us next time for another quarterfinal match,
0:28:01 > 0:28:03but until then it's goodbye from St John's College, Oxford.
0:28:03 > 0:28:04- ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:04 > 0:28:07- Goodbye from Peterhouse, Cambridge. ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:07 > 0:28:08It's goodbye from me. Goodbye.