0:00:20 > 0:00:23University Challenge.
0:00:23 > 0:00:25Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:28 > 0:00:32Hello. 28 teams appeared in the first round of this contest,
0:00:32 > 0:00:3416 made it through to round two.
0:00:34 > 0:00:38Eight of them endured the taxing quarterfinal stage
0:00:38 > 0:00:41and now only the best four remain
0:00:41 > 0:00:45as we play the first of the two semifinal matches.
0:00:45 > 0:00:47The team from Peterhouse - Cambridge haven't lost a match
0:00:47 > 0:00:48in the entire series.
0:00:48 > 0:00:52They beat Glasgow University and St George's London
0:00:52 > 0:00:53in rounds one and two and
0:00:53 > 0:00:57in the quarterfinals, they defeated St John's College - Oxford
0:00:57 > 0:01:00and the team they're facing again tonight, the University of York.
0:01:00 > 0:01:04With an average age of 20, let's meet the Peterhouse team again.
0:01:04 > 0:01:06Hello, I'm Thomas Langley.
0:01:06 > 0:01:09I'm from Newcastle upon Tyne and I'm reading history.
0:01:09 > 0:01:11Hello, I'm Oscar Powell, I'm from York
0:01:11 > 0:01:13and I'm reading geological sciences.
0:01:13 > 0:01:14This is their captain.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16Hello, I'm Hannah Woods.
0:01:16 > 0:01:20I'm originally from Manchester and I'm studying for a PhD in history.
0:01:20 > 0:01:24Hello, my name's Julian Sutcliffe, I'm from Reading in Berkshire
0:01:24 > 0:01:25and I'm also reading history.
0:01:31 > 0:01:35Now, the University of York's team saw off Manchester University
0:01:35 > 0:01:37in round one, then Christ's College - Cambridge
0:01:37 > 0:01:39in round two. They won't need reminding
0:01:39 > 0:01:41that they're winning streak faltered
0:01:41 > 0:01:43when they lost to Peterhouse - Cambridge
0:01:43 > 0:01:44in the first quarterfinal.
0:01:44 > 0:01:47But after that, they dismissed St Catherine's College - Cambridge
0:01:47 > 0:01:51and Imperial College London to take their place here tonight.
0:01:51 > 0:01:54With an average age of 22, let's meet the York team again.
0:01:55 > 0:01:58Hello, I'm Barto Joly de Lotbiniere,
0:01:58 > 0:02:00I'm from London and I'm studying history.
0:02:00 > 0:02:04Hello, I'm Sam Smith, I'm from Guernsey and I'm studying chemistry.
0:02:04 > 0:02:05And this is their captain.
0:02:05 > 0:02:08Hello, I'm David Landon Cole, I'm from Yeovil in Somerset
0:02:08 > 0:02:11and I'm Studying for a PhD in politics.
0:02:11 > 0:02:12Hi, I'm Joseph McLoughlin.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15I'm from Oldham in Lancashire and I'm studying chemistry.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Let's just get on with a starter question.
0:02:22 > 0:02:23Fingers on the buzzers, please.
0:02:23 > 0:02:26What five-letter word appears in expressions meaning
0:02:26 > 0:02:30a loudly dressed man, a brief item of news,
0:02:30 > 0:02:34a data storage device that uses a type of non-volatile memory...?
0:02:35 > 0:02:36- Flash.- Flash is correct.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41Right, the first set of bonuses, York,
0:02:41 > 0:02:44are on winners of the Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film.
0:02:44 > 0:02:47In each case, name the film from the description.
0:02:47 > 0:02:50Firstly, the 1995 winner directed by Terry Gilliam.
0:02:50 > 0:02:54It stars Bruce Willis as a convict sent back in time to seek
0:02:54 > 0:02:58information on a virus that's devastated Earth's population.
0:02:58 > 0:02:5912 Monkeys?
0:02:59 > 0:03:01- 12 Monkeys.- Correct.
0:03:01 > 0:03:05Secondly, the 2006 winner directed by Alfonso Cuaron
0:03:05 > 0:03:09and based on a novel by PD James set in a dystopic future
0:03:09 > 0:03:12in which human procreation has ceased.
0:03:12 > 0:03:13- Children Of Man? - Children Of Man, yes.
0:03:13 > 0:03:16- Children Of Man. - No, I can't accept that.
0:03:16 > 0:03:19It's the Children Of Men, not Man.
0:03:19 > 0:03:22And finally, I need the precise seven-word title for this.
0:03:22 > 0:03:26The 2011 winner directed by Rupert Wyatt portraying the effects
0:03:26 > 0:03:30of an experimental drug on Caesar, who is played by Andy Serkis.
0:03:32 > 0:03:36The Rise Of The Planet, The Rise Of...
0:03:36 > 0:03:40- Of The Apes.- That's eight. - Rise Of The Planet Of The Apes.
0:03:40 > 0:03:43- Yeah, I think it's Rise. Is that? What's the one?- The Dawn.
0:03:43 > 0:03:46- No, I think Dawn was the recent... It could be Dawn.- 2011.
0:03:46 > 0:03:48Rise was the second one, because they, like, rose, maybe?
0:03:48 > 0:03:52- So, Dawn? So, is it Dawn?- Yeah.
0:03:52 > 0:03:53Dawn Of The Planet Of The Apes.
0:03:53 > 0:03:56- No, it was the other one, it was Rise Of The Planet Of The Apes.- Ah!
0:03:56 > 0:03:58Sorry. Another starter question.
0:03:58 > 0:03:59From the name of a nomadic people
0:03:59 > 0:04:03that founded the Liao dynasty in the 10th century,
0:04:03 > 0:04:05what term for northern China...?
0:04:06 > 0:04:09- Manchuria.- No, you lose five points.
0:04:09 > 0:04:12What term for northern China was introduced to Europe
0:04:12 > 0:04:14during the 13th century?
0:04:14 > 0:04:18It was formally used in English as a poetic term for China as a whole.
0:04:20 > 0:04:21- Cathay.- Cathay is correct.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29These bonuses, York, are on inheritance and experience.
0:04:29 > 0:04:32Firstly for five, the title of a 1925 work
0:04:32 > 0:04:34by the US academic John B Watson,
0:04:34 > 0:04:37which influential school dominated psychological theory
0:04:37 > 0:04:39between the two World Wars?
0:04:42 > 0:04:45- Psychoanalytic? I don't, I've literally no idea.- No.
0:04:45 > 0:04:46Haven't a clue.
0:04:49 > 0:04:51- I don't think it's... - No, it's Freud.
0:04:51 > 0:04:53I think it's later than psycho.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56- It's something like... - The new school?- Social.
0:04:56 > 0:05:01- Let's have it, please.- Social, psycho, make a word out of it.
0:05:01 > 0:05:03Er, psychosocial analysis.
0:05:03 > 0:05:05No, it's behaviourism.
0:05:05 > 0:05:07Secondly, born in 1822,
0:05:07 > 0:05:11which British polymath had earlier identified nature and nurture
0:05:11 > 0:05:13as two separate influences
0:05:13 > 0:05:15whose effects could be measured and compared,
0:05:15 > 0:05:17who also coined the term eugenics?
0:05:17 > 0:05:22- Oh, is that...? Oh, yeah.- Thompson.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24- Huxley might be a good guess. - What was his first name?
0:05:24 > 0:05:27- It's not Wallace, I don't think. - Just try Huxley.
0:05:27 > 0:05:30- Thomas Huxley?- Thomas Huxley... - Huxley.
0:05:30 > 0:05:31- No, it was Francis Galton.- Oh.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34And finally, in 1859, which biologist,
0:05:34 > 0:05:38a relative of Galton, suggested that all human development
0:05:38 > 0:05:41is the result of adaptation to the environment?
0:05:41 > 0:05:44Darwin? It's not...
0:05:44 > 0:05:45Unless it's Lamarck.
0:05:45 > 0:05:48I think Charles Darwin was related to somebody who was also...
0:05:48 > 0:05:51- Yes, do you want to go for Darwin? - Let's go Darwin.- Darwin.
0:05:51 > 0:05:53Darwin is correct, yes.
0:05:53 > 0:05:54Another starter question now.
0:05:54 > 0:05:57Who in 2006 said this -
0:05:57 > 0:06:00"The prize was completely irrelevant for me, everybody understood
0:06:00 > 0:06:05"that if the proof is correct, then no other recognition is needed"?
0:06:05 > 0:06:06Andrew Wiles.
0:06:06 > 0:06:08No, you lose five points, I'm afraid.
0:06:08 > 0:06:10The statement refers to the speaker's proof
0:06:10 > 0:06:12of the Poincare Conjecture
0:06:12 > 0:06:14and his refusal of the Fields Medal for this achievement.
0:06:20 > 0:06:21Nashyakov.
0:06:21 > 0:06:23No, it was Grigori Perelm.
0:06:23 > 0:06:25Ten points for this.
0:06:25 > 0:06:29Which city did the German-born British sociologist Ralf Dahrendorf
0:06:29 > 0:06:32describe as the most English city in Germany,
0:06:32 > 0:06:35far more English than any place in the British Isles?
0:06:35 > 0:06:38The birthplace of the composers Brahms and Mendelssohn,
0:06:38 > 0:06:40it's situated on the River Elbe
0:06:40 > 0:06:44and is the second most populous in Germany after Berlin.
0:06:46 > 0:06:47Munich.
0:06:47 > 0:06:49No, anyone like to buzz from York?
0:06:49 > 0:06:51- Hamburg.- Hamburg is correct.
0:06:54 > 0:06:58Your bonuses, York, are on women from Pembrokeshire.
0:06:58 > 0:07:01Firstly, "Her brother's prophecy that one day
0:07:01 > 0:07:05"she would be considered a better artist than him has been fulfilled."
0:07:05 > 0:07:09These words refer to which painter born in Haverfordwest in 1876?
0:07:13 > 0:07:14Poets...
0:07:16 > 0:07:21- I have no idea.- O'Keeffe? No. - Who?- Georgia O'Keeffe.
0:07:21 > 0:07:24Yeah, try Rosetta, actually. Oh, try it. O'Keefe's not a bad guess.
0:07:24 > 0:07:26OK? O'Keeffe.
0:07:26 > 0:07:29No, it was Gwen John. Sister of Augustus John.
0:07:29 > 0:07:33And secondly, said to have rounded up French troops armed only
0:07:33 > 0:07:37with a pitchfork, Jemima Nicholas of Fishguard played a part
0:07:37 > 0:07:40in the defeat of the last invasion of mainland Britain.
0:07:40 > 0:07:42During which decade did that occur?
0:07:44 > 0:07:47- It's 1200s.- No, it's the 17-somethings.
0:07:47 > 0:07:49- Isn't it?- John was the...
0:07:49 > 0:07:51When Henry Tudor invaded?
0:07:51 > 0:07:55Well, William of Orange invaded in the 1690s. So, it's well after that.
0:07:55 > 0:08:00It's French, was it French? The thing is...
0:08:00 > 0:08:03This is James II, then? James II.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06- Come on, let's have it, please. - King John is 1210.
0:08:06 > 0:08:07No, it's not.
0:08:07 > 0:08:09- I think it's later, try 1680s. - 1680s.
0:08:09 > 0:08:12No, it's the 1790s. 1797, to be precise.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16Born in Pembrokeshire in 1966, which novelist's recent works
0:08:16 > 0:08:20include The Little Stranger and The Paying Guests?
0:08:21 > 0:08:23No. Haven't a clue. No, nothing.
0:08:23 > 0:08:25JK Rowling.
0:08:25 > 0:08:26No, it's Sarah Waters.
0:08:26 > 0:08:29Right, we're now going to take a picture round.
0:08:29 > 0:08:30For your picture starter,
0:08:30 > 0:08:32you're going to see a simplified representation of a phylum
0:08:32 > 0:08:34of the Indo-European
0:08:34 > 0:08:35language family.
0:08:35 > 0:08:37From which one language with
0:08:37 > 0:08:39official status as a national level
0:08:39 > 0:08:40has been omitted.
0:08:40 > 0:08:42Ten points if you can
0:08:42 > 0:08:43name the missing language.
0:08:45 > 0:08:48Um, sorry, German. Oh!
0:08:48 > 0:08:50No. Peterhouse, one of you may buzz.
0:08:57 > 0:08:58Walloon?
0:08:58 > 0:09:01No, it's Afrikaans.
0:09:01 > 0:09:02So, picture bonuses in a moment or two.
0:09:02 > 0:09:05Ten points at stake for this starter question.
0:09:05 > 0:09:08Having a relatively long half-life of 28 years,
0:09:08 > 0:09:12which radioactive isotope produced in nuclear fallout
0:09:12 > 0:09:15is chemically similar to calcium and presents a serious health hazard...?
0:09:18 > 0:09:19Strontium-90.
0:09:19 > 0:09:20Yes.
0:09:24 > 0:09:26So, you get the picture bonuses.
0:09:26 > 0:09:28You're going to see three more simplified
0:09:28 > 0:09:32representations of parts of Indo-European language phyla.
0:09:32 > 0:09:35In each case, I want the name of the language omitted.
0:09:35 > 0:09:36Firstly, the name of the
0:09:36 > 0:09:38official national language
0:09:38 > 0:09:39which has been omitted here.
0:09:40 > 0:09:42- Greece.- It's eastern Slavic.
0:09:42 > 0:09:43- No, it won't be Greek.- Bulgarian?
0:09:43 > 0:09:45No. Bulgarian and Romanian
0:09:45 > 0:09:46are almost the same language.
0:09:46 > 0:09:47- Romanian's not...- Macedonian.
0:09:47 > 0:09:49I think Macedonian is the same as
0:09:49 > 0:09:50another one, but it's not called the
0:09:50 > 0:09:52same because they hate each other.
0:09:52 > 0:09:53What's next to Macedonia? Albania?
0:09:53 > 0:09:55Albania, maybe.
0:09:55 > 0:09:56Shall I try Albanian? Albanian.
0:09:56 > 0:09:58- No, it's Bulgarian.- Oh!
0:09:58 > 0:09:59Secondly, the name of
0:09:59 > 0:10:01the language omitted here,
0:10:01 > 0:10:03which also has official status
0:10:03 > 0:10:04at a national level.
0:10:07 > 0:10:09It's not Romansh, is it?
0:10:09 > 0:10:11Well, that is an official language
0:10:11 > 0:10:12of Switzerland, so it could be.
0:10:12 > 0:10:14But Gallo-Italian? No, it's
0:10:14 > 0:10:17Gallo-Rhaetian. Gallo-Romance...
0:10:17 > 0:10:18I have absolutely no idea about
0:10:18 > 0:10:20I'm talking about but Flemish?
0:10:20 > 0:10:22It won't be Flemish, I don't think.
0:10:22 > 0:10:24No, I think it is Romansh.
0:10:24 > 0:10:26Go for it, then.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28- Romansh.- Correct.
0:10:28 > 0:10:29Finally, the name of the
0:10:29 > 0:10:30language omitted here.
0:10:30 > 0:10:35- Um, OK. So, probably Welsh.- Yeah.
0:10:35 > 0:10:36No, it won't be...
0:10:36 > 0:10:38- Welsh is Brythonic.- So, right.
0:10:38 > 0:10:40I think it could just be
0:10:40 > 0:10:41- Irish Gaelic?- No.
0:10:41 > 0:10:44- There's Irish there.- Is it Cornish?
0:10:44 > 0:10:45Cornish is related to Breton,
0:10:45 > 0:10:47though. Cornish or Breton?
0:10:47 > 0:10:48Brythonic, I think, is Welsh.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50Maybe it could be Welsh, actually.
0:10:50 > 0:10:51- I'm not sure.- Welsh or Cornish?
0:10:51 > 0:10:53- Welsh?- I don't know. They don't seem
0:10:53 > 0:10:55to have another branch for Breton
0:10:55 > 0:10:56and Breton's related to Cornish.
0:10:56 > 0:10:57We don't know. Go for Welsh,
0:10:57 > 0:10:58it sounds the best.
0:10:58 > 0:11:00- Welsh.- No, it's Manx.
0:11:00 > 0:11:01Oh! Oh!
0:11:01 > 0:11:02Ten points for this.
0:11:02 > 0:11:06Which two consecutive letters of the alphabet are the only
0:11:06 > 0:11:10two consonants in words meaning supply with the necessary items,
0:11:10 > 0:11:16excite curiosity, a clever or witty remark and not transparent...?
0:11:17 > 0:11:18- Q and P.- Correct.
0:11:23 > 0:11:26Right, your bonuses this time, Peterhouse, are on rocket science.
0:11:26 > 0:11:29Born in 1857, which Russian scientist gives his name
0:11:29 > 0:11:32to the formulation commonly known as the rocket equation?
0:11:34 > 0:11:36- Any Russian scientists? - Lomonosov.
0:11:38 > 0:11:40It's not going to be Mendeleev, I presume. Em...
0:11:41 > 0:11:44- We don't know.- Another one. - What was the thing you said?
0:11:44 > 0:11:47- Lomonosov, he's a Russian scientist. - Go for it, then.- Lomonosov?
0:11:47 > 0:11:48Lomonosov.
0:11:48 > 0:11:50No, it's Tsiolkovsky.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52And secondly, according to the equation,
0:11:52 > 0:11:54a rocket's change in velocity is equal to
0:11:54 > 0:11:58the effective exhaust velocity multiplied by the natural logarithm
0:11:58 > 0:12:00of the ratio of what?
0:12:02 > 0:12:04Gravity, thrust to gravity, maybe?
0:12:04 > 0:12:06- Shall I try that? - Maybe. Sounds reasonable.
0:12:06 > 0:12:08Thrust to gravity.
0:12:08 > 0:12:10No, it's initial and final mass.
0:12:10 > 0:12:16And finally, to accelerate a payload of 1kg up to 1km per second,
0:12:16 > 0:12:19if the exhaust velocity is also 1km per second,
0:12:19 > 0:12:22what is the smallest mass of propellant that must be
0:12:22 > 0:12:25expended in terms of the fundamental constant E?
0:12:27 > 0:12:29- What?- Terms of E? - AUDIENCE LAUGHS
0:12:31 > 0:12:35- 1,000 E kilograms.- This is just... - A tonne of E, E- tonne. E tonne?
0:12:36 > 0:12:40- E tonnes? Why?- It's got to be a number and E, isn't it?
0:12:40 > 0:12:43- Yeah, so, I mean... - Shall I just say four?
0:12:43 > 0:12:45- Four! Ten, ten.- Four, ten, what?
0:12:45 > 0:12:48- Ten, 10E.- I'm just saying things!
0:12:48 > 0:12:4910E.
0:12:49 > 0:12:51This is rocket science.
0:12:51 > 0:12:53No, it's E minus 1kg.
0:12:53 > 0:12:55Right, ten points for this.
0:12:55 > 0:12:56In organic chemistry,
0:12:56 > 0:12:59what term denotes the class of cyclic organic compounds...?
0:13:00 > 0:13:01Aromatic.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03No, you lose five points.
0:13:03 > 0:13:07Containing two carbonyl groups either adjacent or separated
0:13:07 > 0:13:11by a vinylene group in a six-membered unsaturated ring?
0:13:16 > 0:13:18Phenols.
0:13:18 > 0:13:20No, they're quinones. Ten points for this.
0:13:20 > 0:13:22Around the size of Norfolk,
0:13:22 > 0:13:25which island forms the smallest of the provinces of Canada?
0:13:26 > 0:13:27Nova Scotia.
0:13:27 > 0:13:29No.
0:13:29 > 0:13:30Prince Edward Island.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32Prince Edward Island is correct.
0:13:34 > 0:13:37And I'm afraid that was technically an interruption, Peterhouse.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40So I'm going to have to penalise you five points.
0:13:40 > 0:13:44Right, your bonuses, York, are on world history in the 1320s.
0:13:44 > 0:13:48In 1324, Mansa Musa left his capital on the upper Niger River
0:13:48 > 0:13:52with an entourage reputed to number over 60,000 men,
0:13:52 > 0:13:55for an unusually lavish pilgrimage to Mecca.
0:13:55 > 0:13:57He ruled an empire whose name
0:13:57 > 0:14:00- is now that of which present-day African country?- Mali.
0:14:00 > 0:14:01Mali.
0:14:01 > 0:14:02Correct.
0:14:02 > 0:14:05Which ancient capital was founded in about 1325?
0:14:05 > 0:14:09Mexico City was later built on its ruins.
0:14:09 > 0:14:11- Can I give it to you?- Yeah, why not?
0:14:11 > 0:14:13- Nominate Smith.- Tenochtitlan. - Correct.
0:14:13 > 0:14:16Philip VI was crowned at Reims in 1328
0:14:16 > 0:14:20and was the first French king of which dynasty?
0:14:20 > 0:14:22- Valois.- Valois.- Valois.
0:14:22 > 0:14:24Correct. We're going to take a music round.
0:14:26 > 0:14:28Your music starter, you're going to hear an excerpt from an opera.
0:14:28 > 0:14:32For ten points, you just have to give me the name of the composer.
0:14:32 > 0:14:37MUSIC PLAYS
0:14:41 > 0:14:42Verdi.
0:14:42 > 0:14:44No, you can hear a little more, York.
0:14:55 > 0:14:57- Mozart.- It is Mozart, yes.
0:14:57 > 0:15:00It's an excerpt from the Abduction From The Harem.
0:15:02 > 0:15:04That was Osmin singing there.
0:15:04 > 0:15:07It was a part notable for requiring the performer to sing
0:15:07 > 0:15:10some of the lowest notes in the standard operatic repertoire.
0:15:10 > 0:15:11For your bonuses, you're going to hear
0:15:11 > 0:15:15three more examples of bass voices in opera.
0:15:15 > 0:15:18For each of them, I want you to give me the name of the composer.
0:15:18 > 0:15:20Firstly, this German composer.
0:15:22 > 0:15:26MUSIC PLAYS
0:15:46 > 0:15:47Try Wagner.
0:15:48 > 0:15:50- Not sure.- Wagner.
0:15:50 > 0:15:51No, that's Richard Strauss.
0:15:51 > 0:15:53It's from Der Rosenkavalier.
0:15:53 > 0:15:55Secondly, this Russian composer, please.
0:15:56 > 0:15:59MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:00 > 0:16:03King Rene's lament from Iolanta by Tchaikovsky.
0:16:06 > 0:16:09I don't know it, but let's just listen to it a little bit.
0:16:13 > 0:16:17- It sounds like him, so I'm happy to go with that.- No, but if you...
0:16:17 > 0:16:20I don't know it. So if you think you know it, go with it.
0:16:20 > 0:16:22- If you've got the exact answer. - Come on, let's have it, please.
0:16:22 > 0:16:24Tchaikovsky.
0:16:24 > 0:16:27No, that's Mussorgsky. It's Pimen from Boris Godunov.
0:16:27 > 0:16:30And finally, this British composer.
0:16:30 > 0:16:33MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:33 > 0:16:36- Britten.- Hmm?- I think it's Britten.
0:16:36 > 0:16:37That's Peter Grimes.
0:16:37 > 0:16:40- Britten.- It is Benjamin Britten, yes.
0:16:40 > 0:16:43It's from Billy Budd. Right, ten points for this.
0:16:43 > 0:16:46What Italian surname is shared by the astronomer who observed
0:16:46 > 0:16:51the so-called Martian canals in 1877 and the fashion designer
0:16:51 > 0:16:54who in 1947 introduced the colour known as shocking pink?
0:16:56 > 0:16:57Schiaparelli.
0:16:57 > 0:17:00- Yes, I think it's normally called Sky-parelli but, yes.- Sorry!
0:17:00 > 0:17:02You're right.
0:17:05 > 0:17:08Your bonuses are on food and Napoleon I, Peterhouse.
0:17:08 > 0:17:12Formally in East Prussia, what town is associated with both
0:17:12 > 0:17:16the Treaty of 1807 between Napoleon and Russia
0:17:16 > 0:17:19and a pungent cheese now made in Germany, Switzerland and elsewhere?
0:17:21 > 0:17:23I don't know. Edam.
0:17:23 > 0:17:26- Pungent cheese? Breslav.- Breslav? Not quite.
0:17:26 > 0:17:29I can't remember. They did it on a river, didn't they?
0:17:29 > 0:17:31- Is that a cheese. - No, I don't know.
0:17:31 > 0:17:35- Do we know?- I don't know. We don't know it.- Breslav?- Yes.
0:17:35 > 0:17:36Breslav.
0:17:36 > 0:17:37No, it's Tilsit.
0:17:37 > 0:17:41Variants of what surname link the son of a Jacobite emigre
0:17:41 > 0:17:44who became one of Napoleon's marshals of the Empire
0:17:44 > 0:17:48and Maurice and Richard, the brothers whose innovative techniques
0:17:48 > 0:17:51lead to the founding of a prominent fast-food chain?
0:17:52 > 0:17:54- McDonald?- Shall we say that?
0:17:54 > 0:17:55- McDonald.- Correct.
0:17:56 > 0:17:59Which victory of Napoleon over the Austrians in 1800
0:17:59 > 0:18:02gave its name to a dish of sauteed chicken
0:18:02 > 0:18:04usually including tomatoes, garlic and mushrooms.
0:18:06 > 0:18:09- Oh, God. OK, puttanesca? - No, it's not that.
0:18:09 > 0:18:11- I think it could be Austerlitz. - Austerlitz.- Go for that.
0:18:11 > 0:18:15- Chicken Austerlitz, is that a thing?- I think it might be.
0:18:15 > 0:18:16Austerlitz.
0:18:16 > 0:18:20Oh, a chicken Austerlitz? No, it's Marengo, chicken Marengo.
0:18:20 > 0:18:21Ten points for this.
0:18:21 > 0:18:23In his 1963
0:18:23 > 0:18:26behavioural study of obedience, which US psychologist
0:18:26 > 0:18:28demonstrated that a majority of people
0:18:28 > 0:18:31are capable of causing harm to others?
0:18:32 > 0:18:34- Milgram.- Milgram is right, yes.
0:18:38 > 0:18:41These bonuses, Peterhouse, are on particle physics.
0:18:41 > 0:18:44Bottomonium is a short-lived composite particle
0:18:44 > 0:18:48formed from which two fundamental particles of the standard model?
0:18:48 > 0:18:49Two quarks.
0:18:49 > 0:18:52- I don't understand what particles are.- But we need specific...
0:18:52 > 0:18:54Meson. Oh, meson aren't...
0:18:54 > 0:18:57Is there not a particle that's made out of two quarks?
0:18:57 > 0:18:59We don't know, let's just get through this.
0:18:59 > 0:19:01But we need the specific quark, wouldn't we? Yeah, OK.
0:19:01 > 0:19:03Bottom quark and top quark. Go for that.
0:19:03 > 0:19:04Er, a bottom and a top quark.
0:19:04 > 0:19:07- It's a bottom quark and an anti-bottom quark.- OK.
0:19:07 > 0:19:11Secondly, other unstable compounds can be formed in a similar way
0:19:11 > 0:19:14out of bound particle anti-particle pairs.
0:19:14 > 0:19:18All but one of these oniums is named after its matter half.
0:19:18 > 0:19:22Which is the exception which is named after an antimatter particle?
0:19:22 > 0:19:25Oh, so it's anti-something. What would...?
0:19:25 > 0:19:27Anti-strain?
0:19:27 > 0:19:30Is it going to be the name of a quark with anti-?
0:19:30 > 0:19:33No, because the first one wasn't. I don't know. I mean...
0:19:33 > 0:19:35Positrons, electrons.
0:19:35 > 0:19:37Let's try anti-meson. OK.
0:19:37 > 0:19:40- It might exist, it's probably a general category.- OK, anti-meson.
0:19:41 > 0:19:43No! It's positronium.
0:19:43 > 0:19:44And finally, for five points,
0:19:44 > 0:19:48positronium decays as the positron and electron annihilate one another
0:19:48 > 0:19:50to generate two or more gamma rays.
0:19:50 > 0:19:56These bear what minimum total energy expressed in kilo electron volts?
0:19:58 > 0:20:00- Can we guess?- Just one.
0:20:00 > 0:20:01One.
0:20:01 > 0:20:03No, it's 1,022.
0:20:03 > 0:20:04Ten points for this.
0:20:04 > 0:20:06What seven-letter term denotes
0:20:06 > 0:20:08a genetic structure in a cell
0:20:08 > 0:20:10that replicates independently of the chromosomes?
0:20:10 > 0:20:13Specifically any of the small...
0:20:13 > 0:20:14Plasmid.
0:20:14 > 0:20:15Plasmid is correct, yes.
0:20:18 > 0:20:23You get bonuses on less frequently used railway stations in Britain.
0:20:23 > 0:20:24Firstly for five points,
0:20:24 > 0:20:28the most remote station on the Heart of Wales line shares what
0:20:28 > 0:20:32two-word name with a nearby vantage point and with the English name
0:20:32 > 0:20:36of a peak that overlooks the city of Rio de Janeiro?
0:20:36 > 0:20:37- Bloody nowhere.- Sugarloaf.
0:20:37 > 0:20:38What's Sugarloaf in Welsh?
0:20:38 > 0:20:41- OK.- Shall we say Sugarloaf? - I don't know it in Welsh.
0:20:41 > 0:20:43Shares its English name, they want the English name.
0:20:43 > 0:20:45- Let's have it, please.- Sugarloaf.
0:20:45 > 0:20:48Correct. Described as used almost solely by walkers
0:20:48 > 0:20:51and those who enjoy visiting obscure locations,
0:20:51 > 0:20:55Altnabreac is a station on which line running from Inverness
0:20:55 > 0:20:58to its twin termini of Wick and Thurso?
0:21:00 > 0:21:04- Would that straddle the Great Glen? - Yeah, maybe. Go for it.
0:21:04 > 0:21:06Oh, no, is it called the Prince William Line?
0:21:06 > 0:21:10- Fort William Line.- Fort William. - I don't know.- Yes.- Whichever...
0:21:10 > 0:21:13- Come on, please.- Fort William. - Fort William.
0:21:13 > 0:21:16No, it's miles away. It's the Far North Line.
0:21:16 > 0:21:20Without access to a public road, Berney Arms station is surrounded by
0:21:20 > 0:21:23an RSPB reserve and lies close to the River Yare
0:21:23 > 0:21:25in which English county?
0:21:26 > 0:21:29- Yeah, um...- Norfolk.
0:21:29 > 0:21:31Don't think it's... Go for it.
0:21:31 > 0:21:32- Norfolk.- Correct.
0:21:33 > 0:21:36Right, ten points at stake for this picture starter.
0:21:36 > 0:21:38You're going to see a photograph of
0:21:38 > 0:21:40an actress in a Shakespearean role.
0:21:40 > 0:21:41For ten points, I want you
0:21:41 > 0:21:42to identify both the actress
0:21:42 > 0:21:43and the role.
0:21:46 > 0:21:48Maxine Peake, Hamlet.
0:21:48 > 0:21:49Correct.
0:21:52 > 0:21:55That was in Sarah Frankcom's 2014 Royal Exchange production.
0:21:55 > 0:21:58You're now going to see three more examples
0:21:58 > 0:22:01of cross-gender Shakespearean casting on the modern stage.
0:22:01 > 0:22:05Again, in each case, I want you to give me both the actor and the role.
0:22:05 > 0:22:08Firstly for five, this actress.
0:22:10 > 0:22:15- I don't know.- So, it's going to be Coriolanus.- Or Macbeth.- Or Macbeth.
0:22:15 > 0:22:19- But do we know the actress?- No. - Shall I just pass?- Yes.
0:22:19 > 0:22:22- Pass.- That's Harriet Walter as Brutus.
0:22:22 > 0:22:25Secondly, both these actors and the two characters they're playing.
0:22:29 > 0:22:31I've absolutely no...
0:22:31 > 0:22:32- Oh, that's...- Hugh Grant!
0:22:32 > 0:22:34What's he called? It's Tom Hollander.
0:22:34 > 0:22:36- What was the...?- I don't know.
0:22:36 > 0:22:38They did a play where it was all men, but they were all women?
0:22:38 > 0:22:40- I don't know. - We can't even guess?- No.
0:22:41 > 0:22:42Pass.
0:22:42 > 0:22:45That's Adrian Lester and Tom Hollander,
0:22:45 > 0:22:48whom you did identify there, playing Rosalind and Celia.
0:22:48 > 0:22:49Finally, this actress.
0:22:52 > 0:22:56Oh, that's... What's she called? She played...
0:22:56 > 0:22:58Fiona something. Fiona Shaw.
0:22:58 > 0:23:02- What's she going to be? - Henry the something.
0:23:02 > 0:23:07- Henry V, shall we try? Or Richard II?- Maybe, I don't know.
0:23:07 > 0:23:09- Just say something. - What shall I try?- I don't know.
0:23:09 > 0:23:11Fiona Shaw, Richard II.
0:23:11 > 0:23:12Correct.
0:23:14 > 0:23:16Ten points for this.
0:23:16 > 0:23:18Noted for the policies of de-Stalinisation,
0:23:18 > 0:23:20who was the first who was first...?
0:23:20 > 0:23:21Khrushchev.
0:23:21 > 0:23:23Correct.
0:23:24 > 0:23:26That gives you the lead.
0:23:26 > 0:23:30These bonuses are on the Italian humanist Poggio Bracciolini,
0:23:30 > 0:23:34who was noted for his rediscovery of classical manuscripts.
0:23:34 > 0:23:38At Cluny and other monasteries in around 1415,
0:23:38 > 0:23:42Poggio rediscovered several orations by which major Roman author
0:23:42 > 0:23:44killed during the Second Triumvirate?
0:23:45 > 0:23:47- Cicero.- Is it Cicero?- Yes.- Cicero.
0:23:47 > 0:23:52Correct. His work, described by Cicero as rich in brilliant genius,
0:23:52 > 0:23:55which Roman poet's De Rerum Natura,
0:23:55 > 0:24:00or On The Nature Of Things, was rediscovered by Poggio in 1417?
0:24:00 > 0:24:02- Lucretius.- Lucretius? Lucretius.
0:24:02 > 0:24:06Correct. In 1414, Poggio rediscovered and publicised
0:24:06 > 0:24:10the treatise on which subject by the Roman author Vitruvius,
0:24:10 > 0:24:13the only one of its kind known to have survived since antiquity?
0:24:13 > 0:24:16- Anatomy.- Anatomy? Anatomy.
0:24:16 > 0:24:17No, it's architecture.
0:24:17 > 0:24:18Ten points for this.
0:24:18 > 0:24:20According to the Scottish Wildlife Trust,
0:24:20 > 0:24:25Knapdale in Argyll and the Rahoy Hills in Morvern
0:24:25 > 0:24:28are places where it is possible to see which rare
0:24:28 > 0:24:32and elusive mammal known binomially as felis silvestris?
0:24:34 > 0:24:35The Scottish wildcat.
0:24:35 > 0:24:36Correct.
0:24:39 > 0:24:42These bonuses are on disease, Peterhouse.
0:24:42 > 0:24:45Caused by the same bacteria but without resulting in pneumonia,
0:24:45 > 0:24:49Pontiac fever is a milder form of which disease?
0:24:49 > 0:24:53- I don't know.- North American, so North American?- Em, erm...
0:24:54 > 0:24:57- Erm, I don't know.- Pontiac.
0:24:57 > 0:24:59- Pontiac pie, is that? - Yellow fever.
0:24:59 > 0:25:01Yellow fever, South American. And that's a virus.
0:25:01 > 0:25:04- Don't know, just say something. - What's the thing, Lyme disease?
0:25:04 > 0:25:06- Lyme disease, Lyme disease. - Lyme disease.
0:25:06 > 0:25:07No, it's Legionnaire's disease.
0:25:07 > 0:25:11Spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito,
0:25:11 > 0:25:14which virus gets its alternate name of breakbone fever
0:25:14 > 0:25:16from the severe limb pains that it causes?
0:25:16 > 0:25:19Breakbone fever is dengue fever. This was in our first round match.
0:25:19 > 0:25:23But do they want the virus? Could be called in the West Nile virus.
0:25:23 > 0:25:26Go for dengue fever, because...
0:25:26 > 0:25:28I'm not sure West Nile virus is the same thing.
0:25:28 > 0:25:29Dengue fever.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31Dengue is correct.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34Yellow fever is a serious viral infection named after
0:25:34 > 0:25:35which of its common symptoms,
0:25:35 > 0:25:38caused by the excessive accumulation of bile pigments?
0:25:38 > 0:25:39Jaundice.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42Correct. Ten points for this.
0:25:42 > 0:25:43The star Beta Orionis
0:25:43 > 0:25:46has what five-letter common name?
0:25:46 > 0:25:49A blue white supergiant about 800 light years distant,
0:25:49 > 0:25:51it is the seventh brightest star in the sky.
0:25:54 > 0:25:56Sirius.
0:25:56 > 0:25:58No.
0:25:58 > 0:26:00Anyone want to buzz from York?
0:26:00 > 0:26:01Calyx.
0:26:01 > 0:26:03No, it's Rigel. Ten points for this.
0:26:03 > 0:26:06What first name is shared by the novelist who created
0:26:06 > 0:26:09Darius Clayhanger and Anna Tellwright and the composer
0:26:09 > 0:26:13who introduced the 12-tone system of musical composition?
0:26:13 > 0:26:14Arnold.
0:26:14 > 0:26:16Arnold is correct, yes. Arnold Bennett
0:26:16 > 0:26:18and Arnold Schoenberg.
0:26:19 > 0:26:22Your bonuses are on European heads of state, York.
0:26:23 > 0:26:27Milos Zeman succeeded Vaclav Klaus
0:26:27 > 0:26:29as president of which country in 2013?
0:26:29 > 0:26:31- The Czech Republic.- Correct.
0:26:31 > 0:26:35- Borut Pahor beat the incumbent Danilo Turk to become...- Slovenia.
0:26:35 > 0:26:37- ..the president of which country in 2012?- Slovenia.
0:26:37 > 0:26:40Correct. Heinz Fischer succeeded Thomas Klestil
0:26:40 > 0:26:42as president of which country in 2004?
0:26:42 > 0:26:44- It must be.- Austria. - Correct, ten points for this.
0:26:46 > 0:26:50The Scottish painter Allan Ramsay is noted for a full-length portrait
0:26:50 > 0:26:55of which British monarch, clad in robes of gold and ermine?
0:26:55 > 0:26:58His other subjects include Charles Edward Stuart
0:26:58 > 0:27:00and the philosopher David Hume.
0:27:02 > 0:27:03Charles II.
0:27:03 > 0:27:05Anyone like to buzz from Peterhouse?
0:27:06 > 0:27:07George II.
0:27:07 > 0:27:09No, it was George III. Ten points for this.
0:27:09 > 0:27:12Often called the first Western autobiography,
0:27:12 > 0:27:16which 13-volume work explores in the author's conversion from...?
0:27:16 > 0:27:19St Augustine. It's Confessions.
0:27:19 > 0:27:20Yes, I'll accept that, yes.
0:27:23 > 0:27:25Well interrupted.
0:27:25 > 0:27:28Your bonuses this time are on books published in the 1780s.
0:27:28 > 0:27:30Metaphysical Foundations Of Natural Science
0:27:30 > 0:27:33and Foundations Of The Metaphysics Of Morals
0:27:33 > 0:27:37were works published during the 1780s by which German philosopher?
0:27:37 > 0:27:38Kant. I think Kant.
0:27:38 > 0:27:39Kant.
0:27:39 > 0:27:41Correct. Who wrote the 1787 work
0:27:41 > 0:27:44Thoughts On The Education Of Daughters?
0:27:44 > 0:27:47Her novel, Mary, a fiction appeared the following year.
0:27:47 > 0:27:50Wollstonecraft. Yeah, is it? Mary Wollstonecraft.
0:27:50 > 0:27:53Correct. Who was the author of the work of known in English as
0:27:53 > 0:27:55Elementary Treatise Of Chemistry?
0:27:55 > 0:27:58It was first published in Paris in 1789.
0:27:58 > 0:28:00Lavoisier? Lavoisier.
0:28:00 > 0:28:02Correct. Ten points for this.
0:28:02 > 0:28:03In medicine,
0:28:03 > 0:28:06what term denotes an excessive accumulation of fluids
0:28:06 > 0:28:09- both water and salt...? - Oedema.
0:28:09 > 0:28:10Oedema is correct. GONG
0:28:10 > 0:28:13And at the Gong, York University have 100,
0:28:13 > 0:28:16Peterhouse - Cambridge have 145.
0:28:24 > 0:28:26Well, bad luck, York.
0:28:26 > 0:28:28It was a very close match most of the way
0:28:28 > 0:28:31and you can only have played one more game anyway.
0:28:31 > 0:28:33So, fine! Go home with your heads held high.
0:28:33 > 0:28:35- Thank you very much for joining us. - Thank you.
0:28:35 > 0:28:37Peterhouse, congratulations.
0:28:37 > 0:28:40We shall look forward to seeing you in the final. Very well done.
0:28:40 > 0:28:43I hope you can join us next time for the last semifinal.
0:28:43 > 0:28:45But until then, it's goodbye from York University.
0:28:45 > 0:28:46- ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:46 > 0:28:48It's goodbye from Peterhouse - Cambridge.
0:28:48 > 0:28:49- ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:49 > 0:28:51And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.