0:00:17 > 0:00:19APPLAUSE
0:00:19 > 0:00:21University Challenge.
0:00:23 > 0:00:26Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:26 > 0:00:28APPLAUSE
0:00:28 > 0:00:32Hello. Last time we saw Jesus College, Cambridge
0:00:32 > 0:00:35win the first of two play-offs for four teams
0:00:35 > 0:00:38who are down but not out after their first-round matches,
0:00:38 > 0:00:42losing with scores that might have seen them win in other fixtures.
0:00:42 > 0:00:46It's the second play-off tonight for the last place in the second round.
0:00:46 > 0:00:49The team from Durham University were defeated
0:00:49 > 0:00:51by the University of Edinburgh in their first-round match,
0:00:51 > 0:00:54losing by 155 points to 190 -
0:00:54 > 0:00:58a margin that perhaps belies the closeness of the contest,
0:00:58 > 0:01:00which was neck and neck until the final minutes.
0:01:00 > 0:01:03Rubik's cube, the history of Poland and words in Malay
0:01:03 > 0:01:06were among their strengths on that first outing.
0:01:06 > 0:01:09Now, with an average age of 23, let's meet the Durham team again.
0:01:11 > 0:01:12Hello, I'm Thomas Brophy,
0:01:12 > 0:01:17I'm from Hatfield in Hertfordshire, and I'm studying Mathematics.
0:01:17 > 0:01:20Hi, my name is Owen Stenner-Matthews, I'm from Cardiff,
0:01:20 > 0:01:24and I'm studying for an MSc in Defence, Development and Diplomacy.
0:01:24 > 0:01:25And here's their captain.
0:01:25 > 0:01:27Hello, my name is Cressida O'Connor,
0:01:27 > 0:01:30I am from Harrogate in North Yorkshire, and I'm reading Law.
0:01:31 > 0:01:33Hello, my name is Nat Guillou,
0:01:33 > 0:01:35I'm originally from Jersey in the Channel Islands,
0:01:35 > 0:01:38and I'm reading for a Masters in Arab World Studies.
0:01:38 > 0:01:40APPLAUSE
0:01:43 > 0:01:46Now, the four from the School of Oriental and African Studies
0:01:46 > 0:01:50lost to Wolfson College Cambridge only on a tie-break question,
0:01:50 > 0:01:53when their opponents were able to recall an obscure fact
0:01:53 > 0:01:57about molluscs very slightly faster than they did.
0:01:57 > 0:02:00Their losing score of 175 is the joint highest
0:02:00 > 0:02:03among the four teams in these play-offs.
0:02:03 > 0:02:05And they were helped to it by quick thinking on
0:02:05 > 0:02:08Nobel prize-winning economists, Alexander the Great
0:02:08 > 0:02:10and women who've won Wimbledon.
0:02:10 > 0:02:14With an average age of a sprightly 44, let's meet the SOAS team again.
0:02:14 > 0:02:16Hello, I'm David Bostock
0:02:16 > 0:02:18from Cheltenham, and I'm reading for a Masters
0:02:18 > 0:02:20in South East Asian Studies.
0:02:20 > 0:02:23Hello, I am Magda Biran-Taylor, originally from Harrow,
0:02:23 > 0:02:26and I'm also reading for a Masters in South East Asian Studies.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28And this is their captain.
0:02:28 > 0:02:29Hi, I'm Henry Edwards, I'm from London,
0:02:29 > 0:02:33and I'm reading for an MA in Near and Middle Eastern Studies.
0:02:33 > 0:02:35Hi, I'm Odette Chalaby, I'm from London,
0:02:35 > 0:02:38and I'm also reading for an MA in Near and Middle Eastern Studies.
0:02:38 > 0:02:40APPLAUSE
0:02:44 > 0:02:46OK. You all know the rules by now. Let's get on with it.
0:02:46 > 0:02:49Fingers on the buzzers. Here's your first starter for ten.
0:02:49 > 0:02:53The title of which 17th-century work on political philosophy
0:02:53 > 0:02:57is found in Chapter 41 of the Book of Job, which describes...
0:02:57 > 0:02:59Leviathan?
0:02:59 > 0:03:01Leviathan by Hobbes, of course, is correct.
0:03:01 > 0:03:02APPLAUSE
0:03:04 > 0:03:08Your first bonuses, Durham, are on fictional characters.
0:03:08 > 0:03:11In each case, give the single name that links the following.
0:03:11 > 0:03:13Firstly, for five points, the central character
0:03:13 > 0:03:16in Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose.
0:03:16 > 0:03:19And the Devonshire family, supposedly living under a curse
0:03:19 > 0:03:22in Conan Doyle's third Sherlock Holmes novel.
0:03:22 > 0:03:24- THEY CONFER - Baskerville.- That's it.
0:03:24 > 0:03:25Baskerville.
0:03:25 > 0:03:26Correct.
0:03:26 > 0:03:29Secondly, an opera singer in A Scandal in Bohemia,
0:03:29 > 0:03:31whom Holmes calls "The Woman"
0:03:31 > 0:03:33and an American harmonica player, for whom Vaughan Williams
0:03:33 > 0:03:36and Malcolm Arnold wrote compositions.
0:03:36 > 0:03:37THEY CONFER
0:03:40 > 0:03:43- Do you have something?- No, nothing.
0:03:43 > 0:03:44THEY CONFER
0:03:44 > 0:03:46I can't remember.
0:03:46 > 0:03:47- I can't.- Sensible guess?
0:03:47 > 0:03:48No, I can't think.
0:03:50 > 0:03:51Pass.
0:03:51 > 0:03:53It's Adler.
0:03:53 > 0:03:56And, finally, the travelling companion of Sal Paradise
0:03:56 > 0:03:59in On the Road and a character described by Holmes as having
0:03:59 > 0:04:02"hereditary tendencies of the most diabolical kind".
0:04:06 > 0:04:08- THEY CONFER - Watson?
0:04:08 > 0:04:09Well...
0:04:09 > 0:04:11It's worth a guess. Any advance on Watson?
0:04:11 > 0:04:12No, I'd go with it.
0:04:12 > 0:04:14Watson?
0:04:14 > 0:04:16No, he hasn't got diabolical tendencies.
0:04:16 > 0:04:17- Moriarty.- Oh! - LAUGHTER
0:04:17 > 0:04:21Ten points for this. The Scottish goldsmith William Ged is credited
0:04:21 > 0:04:24as the inventor, in the 1720s,
0:04:24 > 0:04:26of what form of cast metal plate
0:04:26 > 0:04:29that became widely used in mass printing?
0:04:29 > 0:04:32The same word also denotes a simplified set of characteristics,
0:04:32 > 0:04:34assumed to typify a place a person.
0:04:36 > 0:04:37Stereotype?
0:04:37 > 0:04:38Correct.
0:04:38 > 0:04:40APPLAUSE
0:04:41 > 0:04:45Your first bonuses, SOAS, are on the palaeontologist Mary Anning.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48Firstly, Mary Anning was born in 1799
0:04:48 > 0:04:50in which town on the Dorset coast?
0:04:50 > 0:04:52In Jane Austen's Persuasion,
0:04:52 > 0:04:55it was the scene of Louisa Musgrove's fall.
0:04:55 > 0:04:56- Any ideas?- Erm...
0:04:58 > 0:05:00Cobb. What has The Cobb?
0:05:00 > 0:05:01- Lyme Regis?- Lyme Regis?
0:05:01 > 0:05:03Lyme Regis.
0:05:03 > 0:05:05Correct. At an early age, Anning excavated
0:05:05 > 0:05:09an almost complete skeleton of which extinct aquatic reptile?
0:05:09 > 0:05:13Its name combines the Greek for fish and lizard.
0:05:13 > 0:05:14- Xiaosaurus?- Xiaosaurus.
0:05:14 > 0:05:15Xiaosaurus?
0:05:15 > 0:05:16Correct.
0:05:16 > 0:05:20And, in 1824, Anning uncovered the first intact skeleton
0:05:20 > 0:05:23of which long-necked marine dinosaur?
0:05:23 > 0:05:25- Diplodocus?- Yes.
0:05:25 > 0:05:26Diplodocus?
0:05:26 > 0:05:27No, it's plesiosaurus.
0:05:27 > 0:05:28Ten points for this.
0:05:28 > 0:05:33"Folkhemmet" or "people's home" is a political concept associated with
0:05:33 > 0:05:37the wide-ranging social welfare system of which European country?
0:05:37 > 0:05:40From 1932 to 1976,
0:05:40 > 0:05:44the Social Democratic Party, or SAP...
0:05:44 > 0:05:46Sweden?
0:05:46 > 0:05:47Sweden is correct.
0:05:47 > 0:05:48APPLAUSE
0:05:50 > 0:05:54These bonuses are on towers in European cities, SOAS.
0:05:54 > 0:05:56Named after the 12th century families
0:05:56 > 0:05:58believed to have commissioned them
0:05:58 > 0:06:02Asinelli and Garisenda are twin leaning towers
0:06:02 > 0:06:05in which Italian city, the capital of Emilia-Romagna?
0:06:05 > 0:06:06Bologna?
0:06:06 > 0:06:08Correct.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11The Judgement Tower and The Water Tower are the remains
0:06:11 > 0:06:15of medieval city walls in which city on the River Drava?
0:06:15 > 0:06:18It is the second largest city of Slovenia.
0:06:18 > 0:06:19- Meribor?- Yes.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21Meribor?
0:06:21 > 0:06:22Er, it's Maribor.
0:06:22 > 0:06:23Yes, I'll accept that.
0:06:23 > 0:06:25And, finally, now a World Heritage site,
0:06:25 > 0:06:28Belem Tower was built in about 1515,
0:06:28 > 0:06:32near the location from which Vasco da Gama set sail to India,
0:06:32 > 0:06:35and served as a defence for which port?
0:06:35 > 0:06:36Lisbon?
0:06:36 > 0:06:37Correct.
0:06:37 > 0:06:39Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:06:40 > 0:06:41What animal is this?
0:06:41 > 0:06:46Native to Africa and Asia, it is a primate within the same suborder
0:06:46 > 0:06:49as the lemurs and its species fall into two types,
0:06:49 > 0:06:53characterised as slow and slender? It's...
0:06:54 > 0:06:55Loris?
0:06:55 > 0:06:57Loris is correct, yes.
0:06:57 > 0:06:58APPLAUSE
0:07:00 > 0:07:03These bonuses are on Roman History, SOAS.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06According to the opening words of a work by Julius Caesar,
0:07:06 > 0:07:10Belgica and Aquitania were two of the three subdivisions
0:07:10 > 0:07:11of which region?
0:07:11 > 0:07:13- THEY CONFER - Gallia?
0:07:13 > 0:07:14Gallia? Gaul?
0:07:14 > 0:07:15Gaul is correct, yes.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17Meaning "Gaul this side of the Alps",
0:07:17 > 0:07:19what name was given by the Romans to the region of Italy
0:07:19 > 0:07:21occupied by the Gauls?
0:07:21 > 0:07:22Cis...Cisalpine Gaul.
0:07:22 > 0:07:26Correct. And, finally, what is the modern name of Lugdunum,
0:07:26 > 0:07:28the capital of Roman Gaul?
0:07:28 > 0:07:31It is now the capital of the Rhone departement.
0:07:31 > 0:07:32THEY CONFER
0:07:32 > 0:07:33Rhone.
0:07:33 > 0:07:34- Lyon?- Lyon.
0:07:34 > 0:07:36Lyon is correct.
0:07:36 > 0:07:37APPLAUSE
0:07:39 > 0:07:40Time for a picture round.
0:07:40 > 0:07:42For your picture starter, you are going to see a map.
0:07:42 > 0:07:46For ten points, I want the name of the region highlighted.
0:07:49 > 0:07:50Peloponnese?
0:07:50 > 0:07:51Correct.
0:07:51 > 0:07:53APPLAUSE
0:07:54 > 0:07:57Following on from The Peloponnese, you are going to see three more maps
0:07:57 > 0:07:59with peninsulas highlighted.
0:07:59 > 0:08:01Five points for each you can identify.
0:08:01 > 0:08:04Firstly, the two-word name of this peninsula.
0:08:06 > 0:08:09- That's the...Baja, California. - Yeah.
0:08:09 > 0:08:10Baja, California?
0:08:10 > 0:08:11Correct. Secondly...
0:08:13 > 0:08:15- THEY CONFER - That's, erm...
0:08:15 > 0:08:17THEY CONFER
0:08:17 > 0:08:19- That's not Sakhalin.- Sakhalin? No.
0:08:19 > 0:08:21- That's an island.- Yeah.
0:08:21 > 0:08:24- Yamchatka. - Yeah, Yamchatka.
0:08:24 > 0:08:25Yamchatka?
0:08:25 > 0:08:26No, it's Kamchatka.
0:08:26 > 0:08:27And, finally...
0:08:29 > 0:08:32- That's...Sinai.- Sinai, yeah. - THEY CONFER
0:08:32 > 0:08:33Sinai?
0:08:33 > 0:08:34Sinai is correct, yes.
0:08:34 > 0:08:37Ten points for this... APPLAUSE
0:08:37 > 0:08:40Described by David Starkey as "a kind of licensed lynch law",
0:08:40 > 0:08:43the Bond of Association was drawn up by the Privy Council
0:08:43 > 0:08:46to protect which monarch from conspiracies?
0:08:46 > 0:08:50Cecil and Walsingham devised the bond in the...
0:08:50 > 0:08:51Elizabeth I?
0:08:51 > 0:08:52Correct.
0:08:52 > 0:08:53APPLAUSE
0:08:55 > 0:08:58Right, Durham, these bonuses are on Chemical Elements.
0:08:58 > 0:09:02All three are named after regions of the Earth's surface. Firstly...
0:09:02 > 0:09:07predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as the hypothetical ekaboron,
0:09:07 > 0:09:09which element was identified eight years later
0:09:09 > 0:09:12by two Swedish chemists and named after a large peninsular?
0:09:18 > 0:09:19THEY CONFER
0:09:19 > 0:09:21Erm, OK...
0:09:21 > 0:09:23- Hm?- No, it's not coming.
0:09:23 > 0:09:24THEY CONFER
0:09:24 > 0:09:26Large peninsulas?
0:09:26 > 0:09:28- SHE SIGHS - I really don't know.
0:09:28 > 0:09:30- Hm?- I really don't know.
0:09:32 > 0:09:33Pass.
0:09:33 > 0:09:34Pass.
0:09:34 > 0:09:35It's scandium.
0:09:35 > 0:09:38Which element is the softest and least dense of the lanthanides
0:09:38 > 0:09:41and is used in the antique counterfeiting phosphors
0:09:41 > 0:09:44of the banknotes of a major currency that dates to the 1990s?
0:09:46 > 0:09:48- THEY CONFER - Yttrium?
0:09:48 > 0:09:49Yeah, go for it.
0:09:49 > 0:09:50Yttrium?
0:09:50 > 0:09:52No, it's europium.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55Discovered in 1944, and named after a country or countries,
0:09:55 > 0:09:58which element appears below europium in the periodic table?
0:09:58 > 0:10:01It is often used in smoke alarms.
0:10:01 > 0:10:02Americium?
0:10:02 > 0:10:03Correct. APPLAUSE
0:10:03 > 0:10:05Ten points for this starter question.
0:10:05 > 0:10:09Quote, "I invented it because I needed something to replace
0:10:09 > 0:10:12"the aliens and spacecraft part of science fiction."
0:10:12 > 0:10:15Which North American author said those words,
0:10:15 > 0:10:19referring to his 1982 short story, Burning Chrome,
0:10:19 > 0:10:24and in particular to the first appearance of the term cyberspace?
0:10:24 > 0:10:25William Gibson.
0:10:25 > 0:10:26Correct.
0:10:28 > 0:10:33Your bonuses, SOAS, are on pairs of words in which the final
0:10:33 > 0:10:36letters of the first word spell the start of the second.
0:10:36 > 0:10:38For example, garlic and licentious.
0:10:38 > 0:10:42In each case, give both words from the descriptions.
0:10:42 > 0:10:44Firstly, an artistic style originating in
0:10:44 > 0:10:46the Counter-Reformation, and a blue cheese
0:10:46 > 0:10:50made from ewe's milk and aged in caves near Toulouse.
0:10:50 > 0:10:52- Baroque and Roquefort. - Correct.
0:10:52 > 0:10:56Secondly, an art movement named after the French for rocking horse,
0:10:56 > 0:11:00and a Roquefort-style cheese named after a Nordic country.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02It's not Rococo, is it?
0:11:02 > 0:11:03No.
0:11:03 > 0:11:04Um...
0:11:04 > 0:11:08THEY CONFER
0:11:08 > 0:11:11What's the cheese, Swedish... Jarl?
0:11:11 > 0:11:13Um, Swe...
0:11:13 > 0:11:15- Pass. - I've got absolutely nothing at all.
0:11:15 > 0:11:17- No.- Pass.
0:11:17 > 0:11:19It's Dada and Danish Blue, or Danablu.
0:11:19 > 0:11:22And finally, a variant of Art Nouveau named after
0:11:22 > 0:11:24a magazine founded in Munich,
0:11:24 > 0:11:27and a blue cheese named after a village in Huntingdonshire.
0:11:27 > 0:11:30- Bauhaus?- No, that's not Art Nouveau.
0:11:30 > 0:11:32Um...
0:11:32 > 0:11:37- Stilton?- Stilton. - Something ending in ST?
0:11:37 > 0:11:39Stil - stil and...
0:11:39 > 0:11:42Stil is on the end of the word.
0:11:42 > 0:11:46- Stil and Stilton. - Stil and Stilton, yeah.
0:11:46 > 0:11:48Nominate Bostock.
0:11:48 > 0:11:49Jugendstil and Stilton.
0:11:49 > 0:11:52Jugendstil and Stilton is correct, yes.
0:11:54 > 0:11:55Right, ten points for this.
0:11:55 > 0:11:59In his 1920 work, The Economics of Welfare,
0:11:59 > 0:12:01which British economist discussed
0:12:01 > 0:12:04the concept of externalities...
0:12:04 > 0:12:05Pigou.
0:12:05 > 0:12:07Pigou is correct, yes.
0:12:09 > 0:12:12Your bonuses are on boundary demarcation lines, SOAS.
0:12:12 > 0:12:16A commission led by the British law lord Sir Cyril Radcliffe
0:12:16 > 0:12:20and composed entirely of legal rather than geographical experts
0:12:20 > 0:12:23delineated the boundary between which two countries that
0:12:23 > 0:12:24achieved independence in 1947?
0:12:24 > 0:12:26India and Pakistan.
0:12:26 > 0:12:29Correct. The McMahon Line demarcates the current border between
0:12:29 > 0:12:31Eastern India and China
0:12:31 > 0:12:34and was agreed between which two countries in 1914?
0:12:36 > 0:12:37- Britain...- Britain and...
0:12:37 > 0:12:41- Japan? - France?
0:12:41 > 0:12:43India and... China, so it's...
0:12:43 > 0:12:46- Britain and France. Shall we say Britain and France?- Yeah, go for it.
0:12:46 > 0:12:48Britain and France.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50No, it was Great Britain and Tibet.
0:12:50 > 0:12:53Finally, which two countries are separated by the Durand Line?
0:12:53 > 0:12:58It was established in 1893 and runs through tribal lands
0:12:58 > 0:12:59in the Hindu Kush.
0:12:59 > 0:13:00Afghanistan and Pakistan.
0:13:00 > 0:13:02Correct. Ten points for this.
0:13:02 > 0:13:06Volhynia is a historical region that forms part of the territory
0:13:06 > 0:13:08of which present-day European country?
0:13:08 > 0:13:13In 1199, it was united into a powerful principality
0:13:13 > 0:13:14with Galicia, but was...
0:13:14 > 0:13:17- Ukraine.- Ukraine is correct.
0:13:20 > 0:13:23These bonuses are on art in 1911.
0:13:23 > 0:13:28Blue Horse I and Yellow Cow are works of 1911
0:13:28 > 0:13:30by which German artist?
0:13:30 > 0:13:33He was killed during the Battle of Verdun in 1916.
0:13:33 > 0:13:35- Mach?- Hmm.
0:13:35 > 0:13:36Mach.
0:13:36 > 0:13:38No, it was Marc, Franz Marc.
0:13:38 > 0:13:40Both painted in about 1911,
0:13:40 > 0:13:43The Enigma of the Hour and The Nostalgia of the Infinite
0:13:43 > 0:13:47are works by which Italian metaphysical artist?
0:13:47 > 0:13:48De Chirico?
0:13:48 > 0:13:50Correct.
0:13:50 > 0:13:55Influenced by Cubism, Grey Tree is a 1911 work by which Dutch artist?
0:13:55 > 0:13:57He later developed a geometrical abstract style
0:13:57 > 0:13:59that he termed neo-plasticism.
0:13:59 > 0:14:01- Mondrian. - Piet Mondrian is correct.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03We're going to take a music round.
0:14:03 > 0:14:08For your music starter, you'll hear a song from a 2001 Broadway musical.
0:14:08 > 0:14:11For ten points, I want the title of that musical.
0:14:11 > 0:14:14# Springtime for Hitler... #
0:14:14 > 0:14:16The Producers.
0:14:16 > 0:14:17The Producers is right, yes.
0:14:20 > 0:14:23It holds the record for the most number of Tony awards,
0:14:23 > 0:14:25having won 12 in 2001.
0:14:25 > 0:14:27Your music bonuses are three songs
0:14:27 > 0:14:29from musicals that won the "Big Six" Tonys -
0:14:29 > 0:14:33Best Musical, Score, Book, Director, Actor and Actress.
0:14:33 > 0:14:37Five points for each musical you can name. Firstly, for five...
0:14:37 > 0:14:40# I'm going to wash that man right out of my hair
0:14:40 > 0:14:43# I'm going to wash that man right out of my hair... #
0:14:43 > 0:14:45South Pacific.
0:14:45 > 0:14:47Correct. Secondly...
0:14:47 > 0:14:50# It's priest, have a little priest
0:14:50 > 0:14:51# Is it really good?
0:14:51 > 0:14:54# Sir, it's too good, at least... #
0:14:54 > 0:14:55Sweeney Todd.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58Sweeney Todd, the Demon Barber of Fleet Street is right.
0:14:58 > 0:14:59And finally...
0:14:59 > 0:15:01# The world keeps spinning round and round
0:15:01 > 0:15:04# And my heart's keeping time to the speed of sound
0:15:04 > 0:15:07# I was lost till I heard the drums, then I found my way... #
0:15:07 > 0:15:08Hairspray.
0:15:08 > 0:15:09Hairspray is right, yes.
0:15:12 > 0:15:14Right, ten points for this.
0:15:14 > 0:15:19In Shakespeare's Hamlet, the line, "thoughts black, hands apt,
0:15:19 > 0:15:22"drugs fit and time agreeing,"
0:15:22 > 0:15:26contains three consecutive examples of what metrical foot,
0:15:26 > 0:15:30consisting of a pair of stressed or long syllables?
0:15:30 > 0:15:31Spondee.
0:15:31 > 0:15:33Spondee is correct, yes.
0:15:35 > 0:15:38Your bonuses are on optical effects.
0:15:38 > 0:15:41In each case, identify the scientists after whom
0:15:41 > 0:15:43the following are named. Firstly, for five,
0:15:43 > 0:15:46after a 19th-century Austrian physicist, the effect by which
0:15:46 > 0:15:49the apparent frequency of light or another wave is altered
0:15:49 > 0:15:52as a result of relative motion between the source and the observer.
0:15:53 > 0:15:55Strobe?
0:15:55 > 0:15:56Shall I nominate you?
0:15:56 > 0:15:59Nominate... Oh, I'll just say it. Strobe.
0:15:59 > 0:16:02No, it is the Doppler effect, or shift.
0:16:02 > 0:16:03Born in Ireland in 1820,
0:16:03 > 0:16:06which physicist gives his name to an effect describing
0:16:06 > 0:16:09the scattering of light through a medium containing small particles
0:16:09 > 0:16:11such as a colloid or smoke?
0:16:13 > 0:16:15In what country was he born?
0:16:15 > 0:16:17- Ireland.- Ireland.
0:16:17 > 0:16:18Thomp... No.
0:16:20 > 0:16:21I'll just say Thompson? Thompson.
0:16:21 > 0:16:23No, Tyndall.
0:16:23 > 0:16:26After an English physicist born in 1791,
0:16:26 > 0:16:30the effect by which the plane of polarisation is rotated
0:16:30 > 0:16:33when light travels through a medium in the magnetic field.
0:16:33 > 0:16:35- Faraday?- Yeah.
0:16:35 > 0:16:37- Faraday.- Correct. Ten points for this.
0:16:37 > 0:16:39What are the only two distinct
0:16:39 > 0:16:42positive integers X and Y that have
0:16:42 > 0:16:47the property that X to the power of Y is equal to Y to the power of X?
0:16:49 > 0:16:501 and 2.
0:16:50 > 0:16:54Anyone like to buzz from Durham? You may not confer, one of you may buzz.
0:16:58 > 0:17:00X1 Y1.
0:17:00 > 0:17:01No, it's 2 and 4.
0:17:01 > 0:17:03Ten points for this starter question.
0:17:03 > 0:17:05Answer as soon as your name is called.
0:17:05 > 0:17:06Take the US state of Washington,
0:17:06 > 0:17:10the states that border it and the states that border those states.
0:17:10 > 0:17:13How many different US states does that give?
0:17:17 > 0:17:18Seven.
0:17:18 > 0:17:20Anyone like to buzz from Durham?
0:17:25 > 0:17:26Six.
0:17:26 > 0:17:28No, it's eight. Ten points for this.
0:17:28 > 0:17:33Alfred the Great, Elizabeth I, Mary Queen of Scots and Anne Boleyn
0:17:33 > 0:17:35are among the title characters of operas written in
0:17:35 > 0:17:40the 1820s and '30s by which Italian composer?
0:17:40 > 0:17:41Rossini.
0:17:41 > 0:17:43Anyone like to buzz from Durham?
0:17:47 > 0:17:48Verdi.
0:17:48 > 0:17:50No, Donizetti. Ten points for this.
0:17:50 > 0:17:55"A peephole to the ancient universe" is a description of which image,
0:17:55 > 0:17:57known by the abbreviation HDF?
0:17:57 > 0:17:59The image was...
0:17:59 > 0:18:02Hubble Deep Field.
0:18:02 > 0:18:04Hubble Deep Field is correct, yes.
0:18:06 > 0:18:09Your bonuses, Durham, are on 17th-century history.
0:18:09 > 0:18:13In each case, name the royal figure and the battle described.
0:18:13 > 0:18:18First, who landed at Garmouth in Moray in June 1650?
0:18:18 > 0:18:22His Scots army was defeated at a battle near the River Severn
0:18:22 > 0:18:24the following year.
0:18:24 > 0:18:26Prince Charlie?
0:18:26 > 0:18:30It's 17th century, so, no. It'll be Charles II coming back from exile,
0:18:30 > 0:18:32at...maybe Worcester?
0:18:32 > 0:18:34I think. Or Naseby.
0:18:37 > 0:18:39Charles II and Worcester.
0:18:39 > 0:18:41Correct.
0:18:41 > 0:18:44Who landed at Lyme Regis in Dorset in June 1685?
0:18:44 > 0:18:48He was defeated near Bridgwater in Somerset some weeks later.
0:18:48 > 0:18:50Um, is it...?
0:18:50 > 0:18:53Yeah, Monmouth, Duke of Monmouth, and, um...
0:18:53 > 0:18:54What battle?
0:18:58 > 0:19:00Duke of Monmouth and...
0:19:01 > 0:19:03I don't know the battle.
0:19:03 > 0:19:05Sedgemoor? Was Sedgemoor the Civil War?
0:19:05 > 0:19:06Sedgemoor...
0:19:06 > 0:19:09- Was that the Civil War? - I don't know.- Try it.
0:19:09 > 0:19:10Duke of Monmouth, Sedgemoor.
0:19:10 > 0:19:12Duke of Monmouth, Sedgemoor.
0:19:12 > 0:19:17Correct. Who landed at Brixham in Devon in November 1688?
0:19:17 > 0:19:23In July 1690, he defeated James II near the Irish town of Drogheda.
0:19:23 > 0:19:26William III and the Battle of the Boyne.
0:19:26 > 0:19:30Correct. Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:19:30 > 0:19:34Which two islands are linked by the Seikan Tunnel, a rail connection
0:19:34 > 0:19:39of more than 53km lying beneath the Tsugaru Strait in Northern Japan?
0:19:41 > 0:19:43Hokkaido and Osaka.
0:19:43 > 0:19:46No, anyone like to buzz from SOAS?
0:19:47 > 0:19:49- Hokkaido and Honshu.- Correct.
0:19:53 > 0:19:56Your bonuses are on a novel by Charles Dickens, SOAS.
0:19:56 > 0:20:00Sowing, Reaping and Garnering are the three parts of which
0:20:00 > 0:20:04novel by Charles Dickens, set largely in northern England?
0:20:04 > 0:20:07- Hard Times? - Yeah, I think so.
0:20:07 > 0:20:08- Hard Times.- Correct.
0:20:08 > 0:20:10"Now, what I want is facts.
0:20:10 > 0:20:12"Teach these boys and girls nothing but facts."
0:20:12 > 0:20:15Who says these words at the start of Hard Times?
0:20:15 > 0:20:17Um, Gradgrind.
0:20:17 > 0:20:18Correct.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20Satirised in Hard Times,
0:20:20 > 0:20:23which philosophy was advanced by Jeremy Bentham and others and
0:20:23 > 0:20:26promoted the idea of the greatest good for the greatest number?
0:20:26 > 0:20:28- Utilitarianism.- Correct.
0:20:28 > 0:20:30We are going to take a second picture round.
0:20:30 > 0:20:33For your picture starter, you'll see a lithograph.
0:20:33 > 0:20:36For ten points, I want you to identify the artist who created it.
0:20:41 > 0:20:42Toulouse-Lautrec.
0:20:42 > 0:20:43It is indeed, yes.
0:20:46 > 0:20:48Following that advertisement
0:20:48 > 0:20:51for the Divan Japonais cafe by Toulouse-Lautrec,
0:20:51 > 0:20:55your picture bonuses are three more examples of the poster as art form.
0:20:55 > 0:20:58Again, I want the artist in each case. Firstly, for five...
0:20:59 > 0:21:01Who's that guy, Alphonse Mu...?
0:21:01 > 0:21:03Mucha.
0:21:03 > 0:21:04Alphonse Mucha.
0:21:04 > 0:21:06Correct. Secondly...
0:21:06 > 0:21:07El Lissitzky.
0:21:07 > 0:21:09Correct. And finally...
0:21:11 > 0:21:13THEY CONFER
0:21:13 > 0:21:15- Beardsley? Aubrey Beardsley. - Aubrey Beardsley.
0:21:15 > 0:21:18Correct. Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:21:18 > 0:21:20Which American lyricist
0:21:20 > 0:21:25won an Oscar for the screenplay of the 1951 film, An American in Paris?
0:21:25 > 0:21:28His other film credits include Gigi and My Fair Lady,
0:21:28 > 0:21:32both of which were collaborations with Frederick Loewe.
0:21:32 > 0:21:34Ira Berlin.
0:21:34 > 0:21:36No, anyone like to buzz from Durham?
0:21:39 > 0:21:40Ira Gershwin.
0:21:40 > 0:21:43No, Alan Jay Lerner. Ten points for this.
0:21:43 > 0:21:45In 1789, John Jay became the first holder
0:21:45 > 0:21:48of what office in the United States?
0:21:48 > 0:21:50More recent incumbents...
0:21:50 > 0:21:54Supreme Court Justice. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
0:21:54 > 0:21:58Chief Justice of the United States is the actual formal title but,
0:21:58 > 0:22:00yes, you've got the right person.
0:22:00 > 0:22:06So, you get a set of bonuses this time on mountains in Asia, SOAS.
0:22:06 > 0:22:114,090 metres high, Aragats is the highest mountain of
0:22:11 > 0:22:15the Lesser Caucasus range and of which landlocked country?
0:22:15 > 0:22:16Landlocked...
0:22:16 > 0:22:18Uzbekistan?
0:22:18 > 0:22:20Uzbekistan? One of the stans!
0:22:20 > 0:22:24- It's not... - Uzbekistan?- Did he say Caucasus?
0:22:24 > 0:22:26It's not Caucasus if it's Central Asia. Shall we say Georgia?
0:22:26 > 0:22:28Yes, say Georgia.
0:22:28 > 0:22:30- Georgia.- No, Armenia.
0:22:30 > 0:22:33Almost 4,000 metres high, Yushan, or Jade Mountain,
0:22:33 > 0:22:36is the highest point of which island?
0:22:36 > 0:22:39Until 1945, it was the highest peak in the Japanese Empire,
0:22:39 > 0:22:42being around 300 metres higher than Mount Fuji.
0:22:42 > 0:22:44- Taiwan? - No, Japanese...
0:22:44 > 0:22:47It was part of Japan. Oh, the Japanese Empire. So it could be.
0:22:47 > 0:22:48- Yes. - Yes, go for it.
0:22:48 > 0:22:49- Taiwan.- Correct.
0:22:49 > 0:22:51About 4,100 metres high,
0:22:51 > 0:22:55Kinabalu in North Borneo is the highest mountain in which country?
0:22:55 > 0:22:56Indonesia?
0:22:56 > 0:22:58- Indonesia.- No, Malaysia.
0:22:58 > 0:23:01Ten points for this. Meaning "oil press", what name does
0:23:01 > 0:23:04St Matthew's Gospel give to the garden at the foot
0:23:04 > 0:23:06of the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, where Jesus...
0:23:06 > 0:23:08- Gethsemane.- Gethsemane is correct.
0:23:11 > 0:23:13Your bonuses are on the Holy Roman Empire.
0:23:13 > 0:23:16What two-word name is given to the agreement signed by
0:23:16 > 0:23:18the Emperor Charles IV at Nuremberg in 1356?
0:23:18 > 0:23:21It served as a constitution for the Holy Roman Empire and
0:23:21 > 0:23:23excluded the Pope from its political affairs.
0:23:25 > 0:23:29- No... - THEY CONFER
0:23:31 > 0:23:33Come on, you can't afford to hang around.
0:23:33 > 0:23:34Munich Treaty.
0:23:34 > 0:23:35No, the Golden Bull.
0:23:35 > 0:23:39Which religious reformer appeared at the Diet of Worms in 1521,
0:23:39 > 0:23:41- wearing...- Martin Luther.- Correct.
0:23:41 > 0:23:44In which German city were the 28 articles known as the Confession
0:23:44 > 0:23:48of the Lutheran Churches presented to the Emperor Charles V in 1530?
0:23:50 > 0:23:51Wurttemberg.
0:23:51 > 0:23:53No, Augsburg.
0:23:53 > 0:23:55Four and a half minutes to go, ten points for this.
0:23:55 > 0:23:58A process developed by the German chemist Wilhelm Ostwald,
0:23:58 > 0:24:01catalytic oxidation of ammonia is a means of manufacturing
0:24:01 > 0:24:03what common reagent?
0:24:06 > 0:24:08It's nitric acid. Ten points for this.
0:24:08 > 0:24:12In set expressions, what adjective may precede responsibility,
0:24:12 > 0:24:15unconscious, bargaining...
0:24:15 > 0:24:16Social.
0:24:16 > 0:24:19No, you lose five points. ..Security and ownership,
0:24:19 > 0:24:23in each case, as the opposite of individual?
0:24:25 > 0:24:27Common.
0:24:27 > 0:24:30No, it's collective. Right, we'll take another starter question.
0:24:30 > 0:24:32On display in the Galleria Borghese in Rome,
0:24:32 > 0:24:36a life-size sculpture of the 1620s by Gian Lorenzo Bernini
0:24:36 > 0:24:39depicts which God chasing the nymph Daphne?
0:24:39 > 0:24:41Apollo.
0:24:41 > 0:24:43Apollo is correct, you get a set of bonuses,
0:24:43 > 0:24:46this time on London stations, SOAS.
0:24:46 > 0:24:48Which London station is named after a region
0:24:48 > 0:24:50formerly known as Battlebridge?
0:24:50 > 0:24:53Its present name was adopted in the 19th century in recognition of
0:24:53 > 0:24:55a nearby statue of George IV.
0:24:56 > 0:25:00- Um...- Prince... No.- Regent?
0:25:00 > 0:25:02- Regent Street. - That's not a station, is it?- Yes.
0:25:02 > 0:25:04No, it's not a station.
0:25:04 > 0:25:06- Um... - Oxford Circus?
0:25:06 > 0:25:08Let's have it, please.
0:25:08 > 0:25:10- Piccadilly Circus? - Piccadilly Circus.
0:25:10 > 0:25:12Piccadilly Circus.
0:25:12 > 0:25:14No, it's King's Cross.
0:25:14 > 0:25:16Which station on the Bakerloo line takes the first part of its
0:25:16 > 0:25:20two-word name from a battle of 1806 in Southern Italy between
0:25:20 > 0:25:21Britain and France?
0:25:24 > 0:25:26Good Lord.
0:25:26 > 0:25:28- Baker Street? Paddington? - Maida Vale? No.
0:25:28 > 0:25:30Shall we just say that? Maida Vale.
0:25:30 > 0:25:32Maida Vale is correct.
0:25:32 > 0:25:35Which station on the District line shares its name with an early
0:25:35 > 0:25:36battle of the Civil War
0:25:36 > 0:25:39in which the King's advance on London was blocked?
0:25:39 > 0:25:40Turnham Green.
0:25:40 > 0:25:42Correct, ten points for this.
0:25:42 > 0:25:44Answer as soon as your name is called.
0:25:44 > 0:25:47What four-letter English word is formed by concatenating the symbols
0:25:47 > 0:25:52of the SI units of length, current, time and thermodynamic temperature?
0:25:55 > 0:25:56Mast.
0:25:56 > 0:25:58No, SOAS, one of you want to buzz?
0:26:00 > 0:26:01Mask.
0:26:01 > 0:26:03Mask is correct, yes.
0:26:06 > 0:26:10The one you got wrong, of course, was Kelvin, for the K.
0:26:10 > 0:26:13Right, your bonuses this time, SOAS, are on a US author.
0:26:13 > 0:26:17Which novel was described by its author as "a prolonged insult,
0:26:17 > 0:26:21"a kick in the pants to God, man, destiny, time, love, beauty"?
0:26:21 > 0:26:24First published in 1934, its publication in
0:26:24 > 0:26:28the United States in 1961 resulted in a trial for obscenity.
0:26:30 > 0:26:32Did he say 1934?
0:26:32 > 0:26:33Yeah.
0:26:33 > 0:26:35He said it's a US author.
0:26:35 > 0:26:37It's not Lolita, is it?
0:26:37 > 0:26:39No, it's not Lolita. Um...
0:26:40 > 0:26:42Come on, let's have it, please.
0:26:42 > 0:26:44We are going to pass on that one.
0:26:44 > 0:26:46Tropic of Cancer.
0:26:46 > 0:26:48Tropic of Cancer and Black Spring are two of the novels in
0:26:48 > 0:26:50Henry Miller's Obelisk trilogy.
0:26:50 > 0:26:53What is the title of the final book in the series?
0:26:55 > 0:26:58- Don't know. - Pass.
0:26:58 > 0:27:00Tropic of Capricorn.
0:27:00 > 0:27:03And finally, the 2015 Penguin Modern Classics editions
0:27:03 > 0:27:07of Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn feature covers
0:27:07 > 0:27:09designed by which British artist?
0:27:10 > 0:27:12Um... Say an artist!
0:27:12 > 0:27:14- Shall we say Bacon?- Yeah.
0:27:14 > 0:27:16- Francis Bacon.- No, Tracey Emin.
0:27:16 > 0:27:19Ten points for this. Answer in Latin or in English.
0:27:19 > 0:27:24Undarum, Nubium and Australe are all examples of what lunar features?
0:27:24 > 0:27:27Other examples include Imbrium and Tranquillitatis.
0:27:28 > 0:27:30Eclipses.
0:27:30 > 0:27:32No, anyone like to buzz from SOAS?
0:27:32 > 0:27:35Moon... Um, seas on the moon.
0:27:35 > 0:27:37They are seas, or maria, yes.
0:27:40 > 0:27:42Durham, you'll lose five points for that too.
0:27:42 > 0:27:45You get a set of bonuses, SOAS, on molecular biology.
0:27:45 > 0:27:48Known by the initials PCR, what technique is capable of
0:27:48 > 0:27:52replicating a fragment of DNA many million times?
0:27:52 > 0:27:53Um...
0:27:53 > 0:27:57Calibration ratio... Something calibrated ratio?
0:27:57 > 0:27:59Perceptive?
0:27:59 > 0:28:01Perceptive calibrated ratio.
0:28:01 > 0:28:03No, polymerase chain reaction.
0:28:03 > 0:28:06Used in PCR, what common enzyme is isolated from the bacterium
0:28:06 > 0:28:08Thermus aquaticus?
0:28:08 > 0:28:10Ligase? I don't know...
0:28:10 > 0:28:12GONG
0:28:12 > 0:28:15And at the gong, Durham have 85
0:28:15 > 0:28:18and the School of Oriental and African Studies have 270.
0:28:23 > 0:28:25Well, the questions were a bit harder,
0:28:25 > 0:28:27they do get harder as the contest goes on, Durham.
0:28:27 > 0:28:30But you weren't really on the form you were on last time,
0:28:30 > 0:28:31when you were storming away.
0:28:31 > 0:28:34We'll have to say goodbye to you, but thank you very much for joining us.
0:28:34 > 0:28:36SOAS, you were on terrific, cracking form!
0:28:36 > 0:28:38A storming performance from you.
0:28:38 > 0:28:41I shall look forward to seeing you in the next stage of the contest.
0:28:41 > 0:28:42Thank you very much for joining us,
0:28:42 > 0:28:45I hope you can join us next time for the start of the second round
0:28:45 > 0:28:48matches, but until then, it's goodbye from Durham University...
0:28:48 > 0:28:49- ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:49 > 0:28:52..it's goodbye from the School of Oriental and African Studies...
0:28:52 > 0:28:55- ALL:- Goodbye. - ..and it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.