0:00:17 > 0:00:19APPLAUSE
0:00:23 > 0:00:26Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:28 > 0:00:32Hello. The winners and losers in this quarterfinal stage
0:00:32 > 0:00:34of the competition are starting to emerge,
0:00:34 > 0:00:36with Bristol having taken the minibus home,
0:00:36 > 0:00:39while Emanuel College Cambridge have seized the first
0:00:39 > 0:00:42of the four places in the semifinals.
0:00:42 > 0:00:45Whichever team wins tonight will join them there,
0:00:45 > 0:00:49as both of them have already won a quarterfinal victory.
0:00:49 > 0:00:52The losers will return for one final chance to qualify.
0:00:52 > 0:00:55Now, the team from the University of Edinburgh arrived here
0:00:55 > 0:00:58by means of a win over Durham University in round one,
0:00:58 > 0:01:02a win on a tie-break against the Open University in round two,
0:01:02 > 0:01:05and a comfortable defeat of the University of Birmingham
0:01:05 > 0:01:07in their first quarterfinal.
0:01:07 > 0:01:11With a total of 605 points earned on those previous appearances,
0:01:11 > 0:01:14let's meet the Edinburgh team for the fourth time.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16Hello, my name's Luke, I'm from York originally,
0:01:16 > 0:01:20and I'm taking Late Antique, Islamic and Byzantine Studies.
0:01:20 > 0:01:23Hi, I'm Ewan, I'm from Aberdeen, and I study Classics.
0:01:23 > 0:01:25And this is their captain.
0:01:25 > 0:01:27Hi, I'm Joe, I'm from Brighton,
0:01:27 > 0:01:30and I study Ecology and Environmental Science.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32Hello, I'm Emily, originally from Wilmslow, Cheshire,
0:01:32 > 0:01:34and I'm studying Chemistry.
0:01:34 > 0:01:36APPLAUSE
0:01:39 > 0:01:42Playing them, the team from Wolfson College Cambridge
0:01:42 > 0:01:45also have an unblemished record, and arrived here by beating
0:01:45 > 0:01:49the School of Oriental and African Studies in round one,
0:01:49 > 0:01:51Jesus College Cambridge in round two
0:01:51 > 0:01:55and Balliol College Oxford in their first quarterfinal match.
0:01:55 > 0:01:57Those three victories have given them
0:01:57 > 0:02:00an accumulated score of 575 points.
0:02:00 > 0:02:03Let's meet the Wolfson team again.
0:02:03 > 0:02:04Hi, my name is Justin Yang,
0:02:04 > 0:02:06I'm from Vancouver, Canada,
0:02:06 > 0:02:09and I'm studying for a PhD in Public Health and Primary Care.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12Hi, I'm Ben Chaudhri, I'm from near Cockermouth in Cumbria,
0:02:12 > 0:02:14and I'm studying Natural Sciences.
0:02:14 > 0:02:15And this is their captain.
0:02:15 > 0:02:18Hi, my name is Eric Monkman, I'm from Oakville, Canada,
0:02:18 > 0:02:20and I'm studying Economics.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Hi, I'm Paul Cosgrove,
0:02:22 > 0:02:24I'm from Cookstown in Northern Ireland
0:02:24 > 0:02:26and I'm studying Nuclear Engineering.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28APPLAUSE
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Well, you'll probably know the rules better than I do,
0:02:32 > 0:02:36so fingers on the buzzers, here's your first starter for ten.
0:02:36 > 0:02:39For what do the initials HDI stand
0:02:39 > 0:02:44in the context of a composite statistic relating to a country...?
0:02:44 > 0:02:46Human development indicator.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49No...
0:02:49 > 0:02:50Human development index.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52Correct.
0:02:52 > 0:02:53APPLAUSE
0:02:53 > 0:02:56I'm afraid you lose five points there, Wolfson,
0:02:56 > 0:02:58for that incorrect interruption.
0:02:58 > 0:03:00Right, so you get the first set of bonuses, Edinburgh.
0:03:00 > 0:03:03They're on thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment.
0:03:03 > 0:03:05Which Edinburgh-born philosopher
0:03:05 > 0:03:08was the author of the three-volume Treatise Of Human Nature?
0:03:08 > 0:03:10- Despite its later significance... - David Hume.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13- David Hume. - ..on its publication in 1738, he...
0:03:13 > 0:03:15Well, it was David Hume, yes.
0:03:15 > 0:03:17I could have finished the question for you.
0:03:17 > 0:03:18Secondly, for five points.
0:03:18 > 0:03:21Which Scottish philosopher agreed with Hume that
0:03:21 > 0:03:25"Ideas about the world are based on reasoning that cannot be proved"?
0:03:25 > 0:03:26In 1764, he published
0:03:26 > 0:03:30An Inquiry Into The Human Mind On The Principles Of Common Sense.
0:03:32 > 0:03:35- Scottish... - Another Scottish philosopher.
0:03:35 > 0:03:37- Could be James Mill?- James Mill?
0:03:37 > 0:03:40- I don't know.- Could be James Mill. I think it's got to be.
0:03:40 > 0:03:41James Mill?
0:03:41 > 0:03:42No, it was Thomas Reid.
0:03:42 > 0:03:46In the 1759 work The Theory Of Moral Sentiments,
0:03:46 > 0:03:50which friend and ally of Hume suggested that people are
0:03:50 > 0:03:54guided in morality by an internal sympathy for the emotions of others?
0:03:54 > 0:03:55Adam Smith.
0:03:55 > 0:03:56Correct.
0:03:56 > 0:03:58Ten points for this.
0:03:58 > 0:04:01In the 12th-century work The History Of The Kings Of Britain,
0:04:01 > 0:04:05what did Geoffrey of Monmouth refer to as Chorea Gigantum,
0:04:05 > 0:04:06or "the giants' dance"?
0:04:06 > 0:04:10He stated that it had been brought to Britain from Ireland
0:04:10 > 0:04:13by the magic of Merlin as a...
0:04:13 > 0:04:14Stonehenge?
0:04:14 > 0:04:16Correct.
0:04:16 > 0:04:18APPLAUSE
0:04:18 > 0:04:21These bonuses, Wolfson, are on French territories.
0:04:21 > 0:04:26Renamed Ile-de-France by the French East India company in 1721,
0:04:26 > 0:04:29which island was captured by Britain in 1810
0:04:29 > 0:04:33and reverted to its former name, after a Dutch statesman?
0:04:33 > 0:04:35It became independent in 1968.
0:04:35 > 0:04:361968...
0:04:36 > 0:04:38It's not New Caledonia, is it?
0:04:38 > 0:04:41No, it's a Dutch statesman, so it would be, like...
0:04:41 > 0:04:43Martinique, maybe?
0:04:43 > 0:04:44Martinique?
0:04:44 > 0:04:46No, it's Mauritius.
0:04:46 > 0:04:51Overthrown by the Portuguese in 1567, La France Antarctique
0:04:51 > 0:04:55was a short-lived colony in which present-day country?
0:04:57 > 0:04:59Maybe Argen... Chile, maybe?
0:04:59 > 0:05:00Yeah. I don't know.
0:05:00 > 0:05:01Chile?
0:05:01 > 0:05:02No, it was Brazil.
0:05:02 > 0:05:04Slightly larger than Wales,
0:05:04 > 0:05:07which country became independent in 1977,
0:05:07 > 0:05:10having been successively known as French Somaliland
0:05:10 > 0:05:14and the French Territory Of The Afars And Issas?
0:05:14 > 0:05:15Djibouti, maybe?
0:05:16 > 0:05:17Djibouti?
0:05:17 > 0:05:19Djibouti's correct, yes.
0:05:19 > 0:05:21APPLAUSE Right, ten points for this.
0:05:21 > 0:05:24What precise concept in literature did WH Auden describe as
0:05:24 > 0:05:26"the noblest form of stoicism"?
0:05:26 > 0:05:28PG Wodehouse thought it was
0:05:28 > 0:05:31"the kindly contemplation of the incongruous,"
0:05:31 > 0:05:33while Angela Carter defined it as
0:05:33 > 0:05:35"tragedy that happens to other people."
0:05:37 > 0:05:38Comedy?
0:05:38 > 0:05:39Comedy is correct.
0:05:39 > 0:05:40APPLAUSE
0:05:42 > 0:05:45These bonuses, Wolfson, are on astronomy.
0:05:45 > 0:05:48Using the Sun as a base unit of mass,
0:05:48 > 0:05:52Jupiter weighs in at almost exactly one milli-Sun.
0:05:52 > 0:05:53In the same way,
0:05:53 > 0:05:56using the standard SI prefixes attached to the word "Sun",
0:05:56 > 0:05:59give me the units missing in the following.
0:05:59 > 0:06:03Earth's mass is approximately three what?
0:06:03 > 0:06:05- Nano...- Micro-Suns?
0:06:05 > 0:06:07- I would say nano.- Nano-Suns? - OK.- OK.
0:06:07 > 0:06:09Nano?
0:06:09 > 0:06:10No, they're micro-Suns.
0:06:10 > 0:06:14Secondly, the dark object at the centre of our galaxy,
0:06:14 > 0:06:15thought to be a black hole,
0:06:15 > 0:06:19has been estimated to have a mass of roughly four what?
0:06:19 > 0:06:20Giga-Suns?
0:06:20 > 0:06:21- Giga.- Giga.
0:06:21 > 0:06:22Giga-Suns?
0:06:22 > 0:06:24No, they're mega-Suns.
0:06:24 > 0:06:28And, finally, the mass of Earth's moon is approximately 35 what?
0:06:29 > 0:06:32- Nano?- Nano.- Nano, I'd say.
0:06:32 > 0:06:34- We had Micro.- I think nano.
0:06:34 > 0:06:35Yeah. Nano.
0:06:35 > 0:06:36Nano-Suns is correct, yes.
0:06:36 > 0:06:39Another starter question now.
0:06:39 > 0:06:43Introduced by the British statistician Ronald Fisher in 1925,
0:06:43 > 0:06:46what commonly used index of the strength of evidence
0:06:46 > 0:06:48measures the probability of whether an observed result
0:06:48 > 0:06:50can be attributed to chance?
0:06:50 > 0:06:53The smaller its value...
0:06:53 > 0:06:54P-value.
0:06:54 > 0:06:55P-value is right.
0:06:55 > 0:06:58APPLAUSE
0:06:58 > 0:07:00So you retake the lead, and you get a set of bonuses
0:07:00 > 0:07:04on the architectural style known as Brick Gothic or Hanseatic.
0:07:04 > 0:07:06Firstly, begun in the 1170s
0:07:06 > 0:07:10and an early example of the Brick Gothic style,
0:07:10 > 0:07:13Roskilde cathedral houses the remains
0:07:13 > 0:07:16of 39 kings and queens of which country?
0:07:18 > 0:07:21- Roskilde...- Irish?- Is it Denmark?
0:07:21 > 0:07:24- Oh, yeah. - Roskilde's an island there.- Is it?
0:07:24 > 0:07:26- Denmark?- Correct.
0:07:26 > 0:07:28The centre of which city in West Flanders
0:07:28 > 0:07:31is a World Heritage Site noted, among other things,
0:07:31 > 0:07:33for its Brick Gothic architecture?
0:07:33 > 0:07:36Jan van Eyck spent his final years there.
0:07:36 > 0:07:38- Bruges?- Yeah, he painted in Bruges, so...
0:07:38 > 0:07:39Yeah? Bruges?
0:07:39 > 0:07:40Correct.
0:07:40 > 0:07:43And finally, the Brick Gothic Holstentor
0:07:43 > 0:07:45is a noted structure in which city
0:07:45 > 0:07:48in Schleswig-Holstein, south-east of Kiel?
0:07:48 > 0:07:50It was the birthplace of Thomas Mann.
0:07:50 > 0:07:51THEY CONFER
0:07:51 > 0:07:52Lubeck.
0:07:52 > 0:07:53Lubeck.
0:07:53 > 0:07:54Lubeck is right.
0:07:54 > 0:07:57We're going to take a picture round.
0:07:57 > 0:07:59For your picture starter,
0:07:59 > 0:08:02you'll see a map of some of the states of India, highlighted
0:08:02 > 0:08:05to reflect the proportion of those states' populations
0:08:05 > 0:08:07that speak a specific primary language.
0:08:07 > 0:08:09The darker the highlighting,
0:08:09 > 0:08:11the higher the proportion of speakers of that language
0:08:11 > 0:08:13within that state.
0:08:13 > 0:08:16For ten points, I want to you to identify the language.
0:08:18 > 0:08:19Urdu.
0:08:19 > 0:08:21No.
0:08:21 > 0:08:23Gujarati?
0:08:23 > 0:08:24No. It's Punjabi.
0:08:24 > 0:08:27OK, so we'll take the picture bonuses in a moment or two,
0:08:27 > 0:08:29but here's another starter question. Ten points for this.
0:08:29 > 0:08:33Which element of the platinum group is alloyed with platinum
0:08:33 > 0:08:36to form the international prototype kilogram?
0:08:38 > 0:08:40Iridium.
0:08:40 > 0:08:41Iridium is right.
0:08:41 > 0:08:42APPLAUSE
0:08:44 > 0:08:47Your picture bonuses are three more maps
0:08:47 > 0:08:49of some of the states of India, again highlighted to reflect
0:08:49 > 0:08:51the proportion of each state's population
0:08:51 > 0:08:54that speaks a specific scheduled language of India
0:08:54 > 0:08:56as a first language.
0:08:56 > 0:08:57In each case, all you have to do
0:08:57 > 0:09:00is to work out which language each map refers to. Firstly...
0:09:02 > 0:09:05- I would say Tamil.- Tamil.
0:09:05 > 0:09:06Tamil.
0:09:06 > 0:09:08No, it's Telugu. Secondly...
0:09:10 > 0:09:11Portuguese, maybe?
0:09:11 > 0:09:14No, that's dark there, no... OK, then, um...
0:09:14 > 0:09:17Marash... Maratha?
0:09:17 > 0:09:18I don't know.
0:09:18 > 0:09:19Maratha?
0:09:19 > 0:09:22I'll accept that. It's Marathi, yes, or Marati, yes.
0:09:22 > 0:09:23Finally...
0:09:25 > 0:09:27- That would be Bengali.- Yeah.
0:09:27 > 0:09:28Bengali.
0:09:28 > 0:09:29Bengali is correct.
0:09:29 > 0:09:30APPLAUSE
0:09:30 > 0:09:32Ten points for this.
0:09:32 > 0:09:35"A hard, howling, tossing water scene.
0:09:35 > 0:09:38"Strong tide was washing hero clean."
0:09:38 > 0:09:39These two lines both appear
0:09:39 > 0:09:43in David Shulman's 1936 anagrammatic sonnet,
0:09:43 > 0:09:47in which each line is an anagram of what four-word title,
0:09:47 > 0:09:49denoting a moment in US history
0:09:49 > 0:09:52depicted in a painting by Emanuel Leutze?
0:09:53 > 0:09:55Washington Crossing The Delaware?
0:09:55 > 0:09:56Correct.
0:09:56 > 0:09:57APPLAUSE
0:09:59 > 0:10:02You get a set of bonuses on matrices.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04Firstly, for five points, what term is used
0:10:04 > 0:10:07for a square, real-valued matrix M,
0:10:07 > 0:10:10such that M is equal to the transpose of M?
0:10:10 > 0:10:11Is it...?
0:10:14 > 0:10:16- Inverse? Or...?- Try that.
0:10:16 > 0:10:17Inverse?
0:10:17 > 0:10:19No, it's a symmetric matrix.
0:10:19 > 0:10:23Secondly, what two-word name describes the matrix M
0:10:23 > 0:10:25if, given any nonzero vector Z,
0:10:25 > 0:10:29the expression, "Z-transpose multiplied by M multiplied by Z"
0:10:29 > 0:10:31is strictly greater than zero?
0:10:31 > 0:10:33Interesting, interesting...
0:10:33 > 0:10:36Is it positive? I don't know.
0:10:36 > 0:10:37Positive?
0:10:37 > 0:10:40No. It's positive-definite matrix.
0:10:40 > 0:10:41Five points for this.
0:10:41 > 0:10:44What name is given to the form of matrix decomposition
0:10:44 > 0:10:48in which a symmetric, real-valued, positive-definite matrix M
0:10:48 > 0:10:51is written in the form L multiplied by L-transpose,
0:10:51 > 0:10:54where L is a lower triangular matrix?
0:10:54 > 0:10:56Don't know.
0:10:57 > 0:11:01Could be dot product, but I don't know if that's...
0:11:01 > 0:11:02A dot product matrix?
0:11:02 > 0:11:04No, it's a Cholesky decomposition.
0:11:04 > 0:11:06Ten points for this.
0:11:06 > 0:11:07Which youth organisation was founded
0:11:07 > 0:11:11by William Alexander Smith in Glasgow in 1883,
0:11:11 > 0:11:13having an emblem consisting of an anchor
0:11:13 > 0:11:16bearing the motto, "Sure and steadfast,"
0:11:16 > 0:11:18circumscribed by the letters BB?
0:11:21 > 0:11:22Boys' Brigade?
0:11:22 > 0:11:24Correct. APPLAUSE
0:11:26 > 0:11:31These bonuses are on a church in Florence, Edinburgh.
0:11:31 > 0:11:35Firstly, noted for its many works of Gothic and early Renaissance art,
0:11:35 > 0:11:38which Franciscan church in Florence is the burial place
0:11:38 > 0:11:40of Michelangelo, Galileo and Rossini?
0:11:41 > 0:11:43Is it Santa Croce?
0:11:43 > 0:11:44Santa Croce?
0:11:44 > 0:11:46Santa Croce is correct, the Church Of The Holy Cross.
0:11:46 > 0:11:49From an 1817 account of his sensations
0:11:49 > 0:11:52on seeing Giotto's frescoes at Santa Croce,
0:11:52 > 0:11:55which French novelist's name is given to a syndrome
0:11:55 > 0:11:57caused by a marked emotional reaction
0:11:57 > 0:12:00to viewing a great number of artworks in a short time?
0:12:00 > 0:12:01Nominate Smith.
0:12:01 > 0:12:03Stendhal.
0:12:03 > 0:12:04Stendhal is correct.
0:12:04 > 0:12:06In Santa Croce With No Baedeker
0:12:06 > 0:12:10is the title of the second chapter in which novel of 1908?
0:12:10 > 0:12:11A Room With A View?
0:12:11 > 0:12:13Correct. APPLAUSE
0:12:16 > 0:12:18Ten points for this starter question.
0:12:18 > 0:12:21When they have each of the vowels placed between them in turn
0:12:21 > 0:12:25in the order A, E, I, O, U,
0:12:25 > 0:12:28which two consonants produce three-letter words
0:12:28 > 0:12:32that can mean "took an exam", "solidified"...
0:12:32 > 0:12:34S and T.
0:12:34 > 0:12:35Correct.
0:12:35 > 0:12:38APPLAUSE
0:12:38 > 0:12:41Right, these bonuses are on the Lancashire-born astronomer
0:12:41 > 0:12:42William Lassell.
0:12:42 > 0:12:46Firstly, which satellite did Lassell discover in 1846,
0:12:46 > 0:12:49only weeks after the discovery of the planet that it orbits?
0:12:49 > 0:12:51Slightly smaller than Earth's moon,
0:12:51 > 0:12:55it bears the name of a merman in Greek mythology.
0:12:55 > 0:12:57- Triton.- Triton?
0:12:57 > 0:12:58Correct.
0:12:58 > 0:13:01Lassell is often credited with the discovery in 1851
0:13:01 > 0:13:03of which two moons of Uranus?
0:13:03 > 0:13:06They bear the names of characters in Alexander Pope's poem
0:13:06 > 0:13:08The Rape Of The Lock.
0:13:08 > 0:13:10It's Ariel and Belinda, but it could be...
0:13:10 > 0:13:12Ariel and Belinda?
0:13:12 > 0:13:16- Oberon and Miranda are Shakespeare. - Yeah.- So, yeah, go for...
0:13:16 > 0:13:17Ariel and Belinda.
0:13:17 > 0:13:19No, it's Ariel and Umbriel.
0:13:19 > 0:13:23And finally, which satellite of Saturn was discovered by Lassell,
0:13:23 > 0:13:25and independently by William and George Bond?
0:13:25 > 0:13:28It shares its name with a fragmentary poetic epic
0:13:28 > 0:13:30by John Keats.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32- Keats...- Could be Hyperion.
0:13:32 > 0:13:33- Hyperion.- Hyperion.
0:13:33 > 0:13:34Hyperion.
0:13:34 > 0:13:36Correct.
0:13:36 > 0:13:37Ten points for this.
0:13:37 > 0:13:41Quote, "He shared with Shakespeare the same sense of character,
0:13:41 > 0:13:43"of the freedom which a character can possess
0:13:43 > 0:13:45"in a great work of art."
0:13:45 > 0:13:47These words, of the academic John Bailey,
0:13:47 > 0:13:51refer to which literary figure, born in 1799?
0:13:51 > 0:13:54They appear in a commemorative work subtitled
0:13:54 > 0:13:57"A Celebration Of Russia's Best-Loved Writer."
0:13:58 > 0:14:00Pushkin?
0:14:00 > 0:14:01Pushkin is right.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03APPLAUSE
0:14:04 > 0:14:07These bonuses are on Western Europe, Edinburgh.
0:14:07 > 0:14:11The UN Statistics Division defines Western Europe as including
0:14:11 > 0:14:13France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg,
0:14:13 > 0:14:15Switzerland, Germany and Austria,
0:14:15 > 0:14:19a total area of around 1.1 million square kilometres.
0:14:19 > 0:14:23Which crescent-shaped autonomous region of China
0:14:23 > 0:14:25is the closest in size to that?
0:14:26 > 0:14:30Maybe the... Is that Inner Mongolia?
0:14:30 > 0:14:32Or is it Outer Mongolia? Which is the...?
0:14:32 > 0:14:34- It would be inner relative to China. - Yeah, Inner.- Yeah.
0:14:34 > 0:14:36Inner Mongolia?
0:14:36 > 0:14:37Correct.
0:14:37 > 0:14:40Adding Italy, Spain and Portugal to the above figure
0:14:40 > 0:14:44gives a total area of just over 2 million square kilometres.
0:14:44 > 0:14:47Which Canadian territory has an area closest to that?
0:14:47 > 0:14:50I want to say Nunavut, I think is the biggest one.
0:14:50 > 0:14:52The northern ones are the biggest.
0:14:52 > 0:14:56So Nunavut, the Northwestern Territory...
0:14:56 > 0:14:59I have no idea. Go for Nunavut.
0:14:59 > 0:15:00Nunavut?
0:15:00 > 0:15:03Correct. Finally, adding the UK and Ireland
0:15:03 > 0:15:06gives a total of 2.32 million square kilometres,
0:15:06 > 0:15:10an area slightly smaller than that of which Australian state?
0:15:10 > 0:15:13- Western Australia is the biggest one?- Yeah.
0:15:13 > 0:15:15Western Australia?
0:15:15 > 0:15:16That is correct.
0:15:19 > 0:15:21Right, we're going to take a music round now.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24For your music starter, you're going to hear a piece of classical music.
0:15:24 > 0:15:27For ten points, I want you to identify the composer.
0:15:27 > 0:15:29ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:15:31 > 0:15:32Shostakovich?
0:15:32 > 0:15:35No. You can hear a little more, Wolfson.
0:15:35 > 0:15:37MUSIC CONTINUES
0:15:40 > 0:15:41Saint-Saens.
0:15:41 > 0:15:43Correct. It's part of the Danse Macabre.
0:15:43 > 0:15:44APPLAUSE
0:15:44 > 0:15:48You're going to hear three more dances of death for your bonuses,
0:15:48 > 0:15:50in each case I want you to identify the composer.
0:15:50 > 0:15:53Firstly, this Russian composer.
0:15:53 > 0:16:01OPERATIC SOLO PLAYS
0:16:01 > 0:16:07THEY CONFER
0:16:07 > 0:16:09Prokofiev?
0:16:09 > 0:16:11No, that was the Trepak
0:16:11 > 0:16:13from Mussorgsky's Songs And Dances Of Death.
0:16:13 > 0:16:16Secondly, another Russian composer.
0:16:16 > 0:16:21ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:21 > 0:16:24THEY CONFER
0:16:24 > 0:16:25Prokofiev.
0:16:25 > 0:16:27No, that's Shostakovich.
0:16:27 > 0:16:30And, finally, this Austrian composer, please.
0:16:30 > 0:16:33ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS
0:16:33 > 0:16:36THEY CONFER
0:16:36 > 0:16:38Beethoven.
0:16:38 > 0:16:39No.
0:16:39 > 0:16:41That was from Schubert's String Quartet Number 14,
0:16:41 > 0:16:43known as Death And The Maiden.
0:16:43 > 0:16:44Ten points for this.
0:16:44 > 0:16:47Answer as soon as your name is called.
0:16:47 > 0:16:50Reading the periodic table from the top down,
0:16:50 > 0:16:55the symbols of the first, fourth and fifth halogen elements
0:16:55 > 0:16:57spell which Latin subjunctive form?
0:17:05 > 0:17:07This is getting embarrassing.
0:17:07 > 0:17:08LAUGHTER
0:17:08 > 0:17:09Fiat?
0:17:09 > 0:17:11Fiat is correct, yes, well done.
0:17:11 > 0:17:12APPLAUSE
0:17:14 > 0:17:17You get a set of bonuses... Got there in the end, well done.
0:17:17 > 0:17:20You get a set of bonuses on Susan Sontag, Wolfson.
0:17:20 > 0:17:26In an eponymous work of 1977, what creative pursuit did Sontag say
0:17:26 > 0:17:29"has become almost as widely practised an amusement
0:17:29 > 0:17:31"as sex and dancing?"
0:17:33 > 0:17:37- Watching television? - I thought photography?
0:17:37 > 0:17:38Watching TV?
0:17:38 > 0:17:40No, it's photography.
0:17:40 > 0:17:43How you can think watching television is a creative pursuit,
0:17:43 > 0:17:44I don't know. LAUGHTER
0:17:44 > 0:17:46Right, five points for this.
0:17:46 > 0:17:49A 1999 article by Susan Sontag bore the title
0:17:49 > 0:17:53"Why Are We In..." which Balkan region?
0:17:53 > 0:17:57NATO intervention resolved a conflict there, and by 2008,
0:17:57 > 0:18:01the US and many EU member states had recognised its independence.
0:18:01 > 0:18:03Kosovo, yeah? Kosovo.
0:18:03 > 0:18:05Correct. In a 1982 speech,
0:18:05 > 0:18:08what precise ideology did Sontag describe as
0:18:08 > 0:18:11"the most successful variant of fascism,
0:18:11 > 0:18:14"fascism with a human face"?
0:18:15 > 0:18:18- Patriotism? Or nationalism? - Nationalism?
0:18:18 > 0:18:19Nationalism?
0:18:19 > 0:18:21I don't...
0:18:21 > 0:18:22Nationalism?
0:18:22 > 0:18:24No, it's communism.
0:18:24 > 0:18:25Ten points for this.
0:18:25 > 0:18:28The winner of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry,
0:18:28 > 0:18:32which British X-ray crystallographer was instrumental in...?
0:18:32 > 0:18:34Hodgkin?
0:18:34 > 0:18:35It was Dorothy Hodgkin, yes.
0:18:35 > 0:18:38APPLAUSE
0:18:38 > 0:18:41These bonuses are on the human skeleton, Wolfson.
0:18:41 > 0:18:43The name of which bone in the arm
0:18:43 > 0:18:46is the Latin for the spoke of a wheel or a pointed rod?
0:18:46 > 0:18:48- Fibula, radius... - Radius?
0:18:48 > 0:18:50Radius?
0:18:50 > 0:18:51Correct.
0:18:51 > 0:18:55The name of which bone in the leg is the Latin for a pipe or flute?
0:18:55 > 0:18:56- Fibula.- Fibula?
0:18:56 > 0:18:57Fibula.
0:18:57 > 0:18:59No, it's tibia.
0:18:59 > 0:19:03And finally, supposedly resembling the pin of a fastening,
0:19:03 > 0:19:06which bone in the leg takes its name from the Latin for a brooch?
0:19:06 > 0:19:07- That's fibula.- Fibula.
0:19:07 > 0:19:09That is the fibula, yes.
0:19:09 > 0:19:10Ten points for this. APPLAUSE
0:19:10 > 0:19:15From a Tupi-Guarani word, what is the common name of Panthera onca,
0:19:15 > 0:19:18the largest New World member of the cat family?
0:19:18 > 0:19:19Jaguar?
0:19:19 > 0:19:20Jaguar is right.
0:19:20 > 0:19:22APPLAUSE
0:19:24 > 0:19:27Your bonuses this time, Edinburgh, are on film titles
0:19:27 > 0:19:29that include the name of a food grain.
0:19:29 > 0:19:32In each case, name the work from the description.
0:19:32 > 0:19:34Firstly, a 1914 melodrama
0:19:34 > 0:19:37adapted from an autobiographical novel by Jack London.
0:19:37 > 0:19:41Its title refers to a traditional representation of alcohol.
0:19:42 > 0:19:44Jack London...
0:19:46 > 0:19:50- Representation of...? - I don't know, grain... Something...
0:19:50 > 0:19:52Wheat, something about wheat?
0:19:52 > 0:19:55- It's not usually wheat... - Rye?- Rye, oh...
0:19:55 > 0:19:57- Don't know.- Yeah, we don't know.
0:19:57 > 0:19:59It's John Barleycorn.
0:19:59 > 0:20:04Secondly, a 1987 film by the Chinese director Zhang Yimou.
0:20:04 > 0:20:08The grain in question is widely used in China for distilling.
0:20:08 > 0:20:11Is it rye?
0:20:11 > 0:20:14- I was thinking rice, but... - Oh.
0:20:14 > 0:20:16- I can't think of anything with rice. - No.
0:20:16 > 0:20:17I can't think of anything.
0:20:17 > 0:20:18We don't know.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20It's Red Sorghum.
0:20:20 > 0:20:23And finally, a 2006 film by Ken Loach, set in Ireland...
0:20:23 > 0:20:25The Wind That Shakes The Barley.
0:20:25 > 0:20:27The Wind That Shakes The Barley is correct.
0:20:27 > 0:20:29APPLAUSE
0:20:29 > 0:20:31Right, ten points for this.
0:20:31 > 0:20:34Joliba, Mayo Balleo and Kwara
0:20:34 > 0:20:37are among names given to which African river?
0:20:37 > 0:20:40It rises in the Fouta Djallon Highlands and runs for
0:20:40 > 0:20:45more than 4,000km before discharging into the Gulf of Guinea.
0:20:46 > 0:20:48- The Congo?- No.
0:20:48 > 0:20:50Anyone want to buzz from Edinburgh? You may not confer.
0:20:50 > 0:20:52One of you can buzz.
0:20:54 > 0:20:55The River Niger?
0:20:55 > 0:20:56It is the Niger, yes.
0:20:56 > 0:20:59APPLAUSE
0:21:00 > 0:21:03These bonuses are on South America, Edinburgh.
0:21:03 > 0:21:05Often cited as the highest navigable lake in the world,
0:21:05 > 0:21:10Lake Titicaca straddles the border between which two countries?
0:21:10 > 0:21:12- Peru and Bolivia?- Correct.
0:21:12 > 0:21:14Secondly, a large...
0:21:14 > 0:21:16Why is it so funny?
0:21:16 > 0:21:17LAUGHTER
0:21:17 > 0:21:20Secondly, a large, low-lying grassland plain
0:21:20 > 0:21:23in the drainage basin of the Orinoco River,
0:21:23 > 0:21:27the region known as Los Llanos is shared between which two countries?
0:21:27 > 0:21:30- Venezuela?- Yeah, Venezuela.
0:21:30 > 0:21:33What's the other one, though? I think it's...
0:21:33 > 0:21:35- Guyana?- Is it...?
0:21:35 > 0:21:37- Suriname?- I think it's Suriname.
0:21:37 > 0:21:39I have northern than... I think it's more north.
0:21:39 > 0:21:41- Are you sure? - I don't know. So...- OK.
0:21:41 > 0:21:43Try Guyana.
0:21:43 > 0:21:44Guyana and Venezuela?
0:21:44 > 0:21:46No, it's Colombia and Venezuela.
0:21:46 > 0:21:50And finally, Aconcagua, the highest mountain in South America,
0:21:50 > 0:21:52lies close to the border between which two countries?
0:21:52 > 0:21:53Chile and Argentina.
0:21:53 > 0:21:55Correct.
0:21:55 > 0:21:57We're going to take a second picture round now.
0:21:57 > 0:22:00For your picture starter, you'll see a picture of a scientist.
0:22:00 > 0:22:02Ten points if you can identify him.
0:22:05 > 0:22:06Mendeleev?
0:22:06 > 0:22:08It is Mendeleev, yes.
0:22:08 > 0:22:10APPLAUSE
0:22:10 > 0:22:12He was the father of the periodic table,
0:22:12 > 0:22:16he also gives his name to element 101, mendelevium.
0:22:16 > 0:22:19Your picture bonuses are photographs of three more scientists
0:22:19 > 0:22:21who have chemical elements named after them.
0:22:21 > 0:22:22For the five points, in each case,
0:22:22 > 0:22:24I just need the name of the scientist.
0:22:24 > 0:22:26Firstly, for five.
0:22:27 > 0:22:29- That's Bohr.- Bohr.- That's Bohr.
0:22:29 > 0:22:30Bohr.
0:22:30 > 0:22:32It is Niels Bohr. Secondly...
0:22:33 > 0:22:36- Is it Curie?- That's... - Meitner?- That's Meitner.
0:22:36 > 0:22:37Meitner?
0:22:37 > 0:22:39It is Lise Meitner. And finally...
0:22:40 > 0:22:42- That's Rutherford.- Yeah.
0:22:42 > 0:22:43Rutherford.
0:22:43 > 0:22:44It is Ernest Rutherford, yes.
0:22:44 > 0:22:46APPLAUSE
0:22:46 > 0:22:48Ten points at stake for this starter question.
0:22:48 > 0:22:50Hallucinations and Awakenings
0:22:50 > 0:22:56are works by which British neurologist who died in 2015? He...
0:22:56 > 0:22:57Oliver Sacks?
0:22:57 > 0:22:59Oliver Sacks is right, yes.
0:22:59 > 0:23:01APPLAUSE
0:23:01 > 0:23:04Wolfson, these bonuses are on chemistry.
0:23:04 > 0:23:08In chemistry, the space-filling CPK molecular models
0:23:08 > 0:23:12are named after Walter Koltun and which two other scientists?
0:23:12 > 0:23:14I only need their surnames.
0:23:14 > 0:23:16- PK, PK...- Don't know.
0:23:17 > 0:23:20- Just pass, then?- Yeah, pass.
0:23:20 > 0:23:23- Is it Khan...? I don't know. - Nominate Chaudhri.
0:23:23 > 0:23:26Made up... Pearl and Khan?
0:23:26 > 0:23:28No, it's Corey and Pauling.
0:23:28 > 0:23:32In the CPK colour code, carbon is black and oxygen is red.
0:23:32 > 0:23:34What colour is phosphorus?
0:23:34 > 0:23:35Yellow?
0:23:35 > 0:23:37White.
0:23:37 > 0:23:38White.
0:23:38 > 0:23:39No, it's purple.
0:23:39 > 0:23:42Finally, which element is sky-blue in the CPK code?
0:23:42 > 0:23:44- Nitrogen?- Nitrogen.
0:23:44 > 0:23:46Nitrogen?
0:23:46 > 0:23:49Nitrogen is right. Four-and-a-half minutes to go, ten points for this.
0:23:49 > 0:23:51The Grito de Dolores, or Cry Of Dolores,
0:23:51 > 0:23:54is often considered to be the starting point of...
0:23:54 > 0:23:56The Mexican Revolution.
0:23:56 > 0:23:57I'll accept that, yes.
0:23:57 > 0:23:58APPLAUSE
0:23:58 > 0:24:02Here are your bonuses. They're on books about language, Wolfson.
0:24:02 > 0:24:05In the 2014 book The Language Myth,
0:24:05 > 0:24:08Vyvyan Evans, Professor of Linguistics at Bangor University,
0:24:08 > 0:24:12attempts to refute both the notion of a language instinct,
0:24:12 > 0:24:15and which US linguist's idea of an inborn...?
0:24:15 > 0:24:16Noam Chomsky.
0:24:16 > 0:24:17Correct.
0:24:17 > 0:24:21Which Canadian-American psychologist is the author of the 1994 book
0:24:21 > 0:24:24The Language Instinct: How The Mind Creates Language?
0:24:24 > 0:24:26Pinker.
0:24:26 > 0:24:28Correct. Which Paris-born US literary critic
0:24:28 > 0:24:31took issue with the formulaics of Chomsky's language theory
0:24:31 > 0:24:35in After Babel: Aspects Of Language And Translation?
0:24:37 > 0:24:38Strauss?
0:24:38 > 0:24:40It was George Steiner. Ten points for this.
0:24:40 > 0:24:43Listen carefully, answer as soon as your name is called.
0:24:43 > 0:24:46Give both the month and the year in which King Edward VIII
0:24:46 > 0:24:48abdicated the British throne.
0:24:50 > 0:24:52July 1936.
0:24:52 > 0:24:54Anyone like to buzz from Edinburgh?
0:24:57 > 0:24:58February 1936?
0:24:58 > 0:25:00No, it was December 1936.
0:25:00 > 0:25:02Ten points for this.
0:25:02 > 0:25:06In the life cycle of all endopterygote insects, that is,
0:25:06 > 0:25:08those showing holometabolism,
0:25:08 > 0:25:11what is the specific term for the stage that hatches from an egg?
0:25:13 > 0:25:14Larvae.
0:25:14 > 0:25:15Larvae is correct.
0:25:15 > 0:25:17APPLAUSE
0:25:17 > 0:25:22These bonuses are on words ending in the letters ZA.
0:25:22 > 0:25:25In each case, I want you to give the word from the description.
0:25:25 > 0:25:29Firstly, a thin, plain-weave, sheer fabric
0:25:29 > 0:25:31traditionally made from silk.
0:25:31 > 0:25:34Is that... It's...
0:25:34 > 0:25:36- Taffeta, no, but that's not...- No.
0:25:36 > 0:25:38Pass.
0:25:38 > 0:25:39It's organza.
0:25:39 > 0:25:43Secondly, a head cold causing discharge from the nose or eyes.
0:25:43 > 0:25:44Influenza.
0:25:44 > 0:25:45No, it's coryza.
0:25:45 > 0:25:49And finally, an annual music festival created by
0:25:49 > 0:25:53Perry Farrell, of the US rock band Jane's Addiction.
0:25:53 > 0:25:54Lollapalooza?
0:25:54 > 0:25:55Correct.
0:25:55 > 0:25:57Two minutes to go, ten points for this.
0:25:57 > 0:25:58What was the original language
0:25:58 > 0:26:02of the novels published in English as The Betrothed, The...
0:26:02 > 0:26:03Italian?
0:26:03 > 0:26:05Correct.
0:26:05 > 0:26:07APPLAUSE
0:26:07 > 0:26:10These bonuses are on English counties,
0:26:10 > 0:26:12all three answers end in -shire.
0:26:12 > 0:26:15The first three letters of the name of which county
0:26:15 > 0:26:17spell out a machine part used, for example,
0:26:17 > 0:26:20to transform rotary motion into linear motion?
0:26:20 > 0:26:21Cambridgeshire.
0:26:21 > 0:26:24Correct. The first three letters of the name of which county
0:26:24 > 0:26:28spell a Polynesian garland of flowers, shells or feathers?
0:26:28 > 0:26:30- Lei.- Lei, Leicestershire.
0:26:30 > 0:26:31Leicestershire.
0:26:31 > 0:26:32Correct.
0:26:32 > 0:26:34Finally, the first three letters of the name of which county
0:26:34 > 0:26:37spell the nickname of an Argentinian-born revolutionary...?
0:26:37 > 0:26:38Cheshire.
0:26:38 > 0:26:39Cheshire is correct.
0:26:39 > 0:26:41APPLAUSE
0:26:41 > 0:26:43Ten points for this.
0:26:43 > 0:26:45Brian Ferneyhough's Unity Capsule,
0:26:45 > 0:26:48Arthur Honegger's Danse De La Chevre,
0:26:48 > 0:26:50and Claude Debussy's Syrinx
0:26:50 > 0:26:54are all solo compositions for which woodwind instrument?
0:26:54 > 0:26:55Clarinet.
0:26:55 > 0:26:57No.
0:26:57 > 0:26:58Flute.
0:26:58 > 0:26:59It's the flute.
0:26:59 > 0:27:01APPLAUSE
0:27:01 > 0:27:05These bonuses are on medical conditions of the spine, Edinburgh.
0:27:05 > 0:27:08From the Greek meaning "bent", which medical condition
0:27:08 > 0:27:12is characterised by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine?
0:27:12 > 0:27:16THEY CONFER
0:27:16 > 0:27:19- We'd better have this, please. - We don't know.
0:27:19 > 0:27:20It's scoliosis.
0:27:20 > 0:27:22From the Greek meaning "bent backwards", what name is given
0:27:22 > 0:27:26to the condition characterised by an inward curvature of the spine?
0:27:26 > 0:27:27It's something...
0:27:27 > 0:27:29It's saddle back on horses.
0:27:29 > 0:27:30Come on, let's have it.
0:27:30 > 0:27:32- Endoscoliosis?- Endoscoliosis?
0:27:32 > 0:27:33No, it's lordosis.
0:27:33 > 0:27:35And finally, from the Greek for "hump"
0:27:35 > 0:27:38and commonly known as hunchback, what is the medical term
0:27:38 > 0:27:40for an excessive outward curvature of the spine?
0:27:43 > 0:27:44Don't know.
0:27:44 > 0:27:45No.
0:27:45 > 0:27:47We don't know.
0:27:47 > 0:27:48It's kyphosis. Ten points for this.
0:27:48 > 0:27:52The suffix "-wich", that's "W-I-C-H,"
0:27:52 > 0:27:53in the names of towns...
0:27:53 > 0:27:54Sand...
0:27:54 > 0:27:56Salt production. Salt. They're producers of salt.
0:27:56 > 0:27:59I have to take the first thing that you buzz in to say,
0:27:59 > 0:28:01- and you said sand. - Yes. Sorry.
0:28:01 > 0:28:04And there's no point in my giving it to the other side,
0:28:04 > 0:28:06cos you've told them what the answer is. It is salt, of course.
0:28:06 > 0:28:08GONG And at the gong,
0:28:08 > 0:28:10Wolfson College Cambridge have 160,
0:28:10 > 0:28:12but Edinburgh University have 195.
0:28:12 > 0:28:14APPLAUSE
0:28:17 > 0:28:20Well, Wolfson, you came back very strongly.
0:28:20 > 0:28:23We will certainly be seeing you again in another quarterfinal,
0:28:23 > 0:28:25possibly, who knows, beyond that?
0:28:25 > 0:28:27Edinburgh, congratulations.
0:28:27 > 0:28:29That was a terrific performance from you,
0:28:29 > 0:28:31and we shall look forward to seeing you in the semifinals.
0:28:31 > 0:28:34I hope you can join us next time for another quarterfinal match,
0:28:34 > 0:28:37but until then, it's goodbye from Wolfson College Cambridge.
0:28:37 > 0:28:39- ALL:- Goodbye.
0:28:39 > 0:28:40It's goodbye from Edinburgh University.
0:28:40 > 0:28:42- ALL:- Goodbye. - And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.
0:28:42 > 0:28:44APPLAUSE