0:00:19 > 0:00:23Christmas University Challenge. Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:23 > 0:00:26APPLAUSE
0:00:28 > 0:00:30Hello. Welcome to the first match
0:00:30 > 0:00:32in a special Christmas series of this competition,
0:00:32 > 0:00:36in which we all wear - mercifully, metaphorical - furry antlers
0:00:36 > 0:00:39and the programme attempts to slither down the chimneys
0:00:39 > 0:00:42of alumni and staff of some of the UK's leading universities
0:00:42 > 0:00:44and university colleges.
0:00:44 > 0:00:47Everyone competing has already made a mark in their own field,
0:00:47 > 0:00:50but seemed to feel they've not done enough showing off on television.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53You'd think, wouldn't you, they're old enough to know better?
0:00:53 > 0:00:55The 14 teams... or do I mean victims?
0:00:55 > 0:00:57No, I mean scintillating polymaths.
0:00:57 > 0:00:59..were chosen not by the institutions,
0:00:59 > 0:01:02but by our producer during one of his brief intervals of sobriety.
0:01:02 > 0:01:04There'll be seven first-round matches
0:01:04 > 0:01:07and the four winning teams with the highest scores
0:01:07 > 0:01:09will go through to the semi-finals
0:01:09 > 0:01:12to compete for the solitary mince pie and bottle of cooking sherry
0:01:12 > 0:01:14which awaits the best of them.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16Now, the graduates of Bristol University include
0:01:16 > 0:01:19a presenter of wildlife programmes, a commentator on economics,
0:01:19 > 0:01:21their captain has been described
0:01:21 > 0:01:24as the most effective of Britain's eco-warriors,
0:01:24 > 0:01:27and finally, a scion of our film industry.
0:01:27 > 0:01:29But let's ask them to introduce themselves
0:01:29 > 0:01:30in the traditional manner.
0:01:31 > 0:01:33Hi, I'm Steve Leonard.
0:01:33 > 0:01:36I'm pretty sure I qualified as a vet at Bristol in 1996
0:01:36 > 0:01:39and since then, I've been working as a wildlife presenter
0:01:39 > 0:01:41and dog plumber.
0:01:41 > 0:01:42I'm Ruth Lea,
0:01:42 > 0:01:45I read Quantitative Economics at Bristol over 40 years ago,
0:01:45 > 0:01:49and I now give economic advice to the Arbuthnot Banking Group.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52- And their captain...- Hello, my name is Tony Juniper.
0:01:52 > 0:01:55I read Zoology and Psychology at the University of Bristol,
0:01:55 > 0:01:57graduating in 1983.
0:01:57 > 0:02:01Since then, I've been a campaigner for nature.
0:02:01 > 0:02:02Hi. I'm Tim Corrie.
0:02:02 > 0:02:07I read French and Drama in Bristol in the early '60s
0:02:07 > 0:02:10and I'm an agent and Deputy Chairman of BAFTA.
0:02:10 > 0:02:13APPLAUSE
0:02:15 > 0:02:18The University of Leeds is represented by
0:02:18 > 0:02:21a leading science writer, a broadcast journalist,
0:02:21 > 0:02:25a captain who is an award winning actor/comedian and impressionist,
0:02:25 > 0:02:26and they're joined by a food writer
0:02:26 > 0:02:30who certainly didn't come here for the catering. Let's meet them.
0:02:30 > 0:02:32Hi, I'm David Adam.
0:02:32 > 0:02:36I graduated from Leeds in 1993 with a degree in Chemical Engineering.
0:02:36 > 0:02:38I'm now a journalist,
0:02:38 > 0:02:41and I'm writing a book about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
0:02:41 > 0:02:46Hi, I'm Libby Wiener, I graduated in History from Leeds in 1981
0:02:46 > 0:02:50and I'm now a Political Correspondent for ITV News.
0:02:50 > 0:02:51And their captain....
0:02:51 > 0:02:53Hello, I'm Alistair McGowan, I read English at Leeds
0:02:53 > 0:02:55and graduated in 1986.
0:02:55 > 0:02:57I now spend my life doing impressions of various people,
0:02:57 > 0:03:01from Mock The Week's famous host Dara O'Briain
0:03:01 > 0:03:03to the rather wonderful Gyles Brandreth from The One Show.
0:03:03 > 0:03:06But my first job in television was on Spitting Image,
0:03:06 > 0:03:08where I provided voices for several puppets,
0:03:08 > 0:03:11including Hugh Grant, Chris Eubank and, yes...
0:03:11 > 0:03:13Jeremy Paxman.
0:03:13 > 0:03:15- LAUGHTER - It was you, was it?- It was me!
0:03:15 > 0:03:17Right, and finally?
0:03:17 > 0:03:18Hello, I'm Jay Rayner,
0:03:18 > 0:03:21I graduated with a degree in Political Studies in 1987.
0:03:21 > 0:03:24I'm now a broadcaster, writer and journalist,
0:03:24 > 0:03:27perhaps best-known for saying snarky things about people's cooking.
0:03:27 > 0:03:29APPLAUSE
0:03:32 > 0:03:34OK. I'll just remind you of the rules.
0:03:34 > 0:03:36Starter questions have to be answered individually.
0:03:36 > 0:03:38They're worth 10 points.
0:03:38 > 0:03:41Bonuses are team efforts, you can collaborate on those,
0:03:41 > 0:03:42they're worth 15 points.
0:03:42 > 0:03:45And if you interrupt a starter question incorrectly,
0:03:45 > 0:03:46I'll fine you five points.
0:03:46 > 0:03:49Right, fingers on the buzzers. Here's your first starter for 10.
0:03:49 > 0:03:53The Battle Of Life, The Chimes and The Cricket On The Hearth
0:03:53 > 0:03:56are among the Christmas books of which writer?
0:03:56 > 0:03:59They were all published in the 1840s.
0:04:03 > 0:04:05- Evelyn Waugh.- No.
0:04:05 > 0:04:07- BUZZER - Thomas Hardy.
0:04:07 > 0:04:09No, it's Charles Dickens!
0:04:09 > 0:04:11Right, 10 points for this starter question.
0:04:11 > 0:04:15"Half of the American people have never read a newspaper,
0:04:15 > 0:04:17"half have never voted for a president.
0:04:17 > 0:04:20"One hopes it's the same half."
0:04:20 > 0:04:22These are the words of which satirist and political writer,
0:04:22 > 0:04:24the author of several novels,
0:04:24 > 0:04:27including The City And The Pillar and The Golden Age?
0:04:28 > 0:04:30- Gore Vidal.- Yes.
0:04:30 > 0:04:33Right, so you get the first set of bonuses, Leeds.
0:04:33 > 0:04:37They're on the 1823 verse, 'Twas The Night Before Christmas,
0:04:37 > 0:04:39generally credited to Clement C Moore.
0:04:39 > 0:04:43In each case, identify the reindeer mentioned in the poem
0:04:43 > 0:04:45whose name corresponds to the following...
0:04:45 > 0:04:49Firstly, which reindeer shares a name with the term denoting bodies
0:04:49 > 0:04:54including Lovejoy, McNaught, Kohoutek, Bennett and Hale-Bopp?
0:04:55 > 0:04:57- Comet?- Comet.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00Correct. Which reindeer's name is also that of an animal
0:05:00 > 0:05:04named in the title of an 1924 opera by Leos Janacek?
0:05:06 > 0:05:08THEY WHISPER
0:05:09 > 0:05:12- Er...Janacek?- Think of any operas.
0:05:12 > 0:05:14- Don't know, move on.- No, move on?
0:05:14 > 0:05:17- Say Prancer.- Prancer? No, it must be Donner or Blitzen, surely.
0:05:17 > 0:05:21- Blitzen.- No, it's Vixen. As in the Cunning Little Vixen.
0:05:21 > 0:05:23And finally, which reindeer shares a name
0:05:23 > 0:05:25with the figure in Virgil's Aeneid
0:05:25 > 0:05:28who prompts Dido to fall in love with Aeneas?
0:05:29 > 0:05:31Any Greek specialists? No idea.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34- Cupid?- Cupid? He's not a reindeer, is he?
0:05:34 > 0:05:37- He might be.- You've got children. - I don't know.- Cupid.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40Correct. 10 points for this starter question.
0:05:40 > 0:05:42Which of the six principal organs of the United Nations
0:05:42 > 0:05:46is the only one in which all member nations have equal representation?
0:05:46 > 0:05:49Its powers include appointing the non-permanent members
0:05:49 > 0:05:50to the Security Council...
0:05:51 > 0:05:53- UN General Assembly.- Correct.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56APPLAUSE
0:05:56 > 0:05:58These bonuses are on quotations about politics.
0:05:58 > 0:06:00Firstly, for five points.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03"I've come to the conclusion that politics are too serious a matter
0:06:03 > 0:06:05"to be left to the politicians."
0:06:05 > 0:06:07These are the words of which European head of state
0:06:07 > 0:06:11who died in 1970 soon after leaving office?
0:06:11 > 0:06:13- Willy Brandt?- Yes.
0:06:13 > 0:06:15Willy Brandt.
0:06:15 > 0:06:17No, it's Charles de Gaulle. Secondly, for five points.
0:06:17 > 0:06:20In 1988, which former British Prime Minister commented,
0:06:20 > 0:06:23"I don't think that modesty is the outstanding characteristic
0:06:23 > 0:06:25"of contemporary politics."
0:06:25 > 0:06:27Macmillan?
0:06:27 > 0:06:31- Died in 1998, was it?- Macmillan?
0:06:31 > 0:06:33- Macmillan.- No, it was Edward Heath.
0:06:33 > 0:06:36And finally, C Northcote Parkinson once claimed,
0:06:36 > 0:06:39"It is now known that men enter local politics
0:06:39 > 0:06:43"solely as a result of being unhappily..." what?
0:06:43 > 0:06:44- Married.- Married.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47- Married.- Correct. 10 points for this.
0:06:47 > 0:06:51Friendly hedgehogs, iron phosphate, copper rings, tea tree oil,
0:06:51 > 0:06:53diatomaceous earth and beer traps
0:06:53 > 0:06:56are among preventive measures used...
0:06:57 > 0:07:00- Slugs and snails. - Yes, I will accept that.
0:07:00 > 0:07:02Slugs was the only one you needed to give me.
0:07:02 > 0:07:03CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:07:03 > 0:07:07So, you get a set of bonuses, Bristol, on a play by Shakespeare.
0:07:07 > 0:07:11Which of Shakespeare's plays concludes with the following lines,
0:07:11 > 0:07:13"A great while ago, the world begun,
0:07:13 > 0:07:15"with hey, ho, the wind and the rain,
0:07:15 > 0:07:18"but that's all one, our play is done,
0:07:18 > 0:07:22"and we'll strive to please you every day."
0:07:22 > 0:07:24THEY WHISPER
0:07:31 > 0:07:33Romeo and Juliet.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35No, it's Twelfth Night!
0:07:35 > 0:07:38Secondly, Twelfth Night has the alternative title What You Will,
0:07:38 > 0:07:42a title also used by which other poet and dramatist
0:07:42 > 0:07:44for a play first performed in 1601?
0:07:47 > 0:07:49THEY WHISPER
0:07:52 > 0:07:54- Guess.- Ben Jonson.- Ben Jonson.
0:07:54 > 0:07:55No, it's John Marston.
0:07:55 > 0:07:57Directed by John Madden,
0:07:57 > 0:08:01which film of 1998 concludes with a fictionalised account
0:08:01 > 0:08:04of the inspiration behind the writing of Twelfth Night?
0:08:04 > 0:08:06- Shakespeare In Love.- Correct, yes.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10Try to answer through your captain, but that's the right answer.
0:08:10 > 0:08:12Right, we're going to take a picture round now.
0:08:12 > 0:08:15For your picture starter, you'll see a map with a town marked on it.
0:08:15 > 0:08:17For 10 points, tell me not the name of the town,
0:08:17 > 0:08:19but of the figure associated with it
0:08:19 > 0:08:22and the country in which it's located.
0:08:28 > 0:08:30You may not confer.
0:08:30 > 0:08:31Helsinki.
0:08:31 > 0:08:33Anyone like to buzz from Leeds?
0:08:37 > 0:08:39- Malmo?- No.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42I wanted the name of the person associated with it,
0:08:42 > 0:08:44which is Santa Claus, and it's Finland, it's Rovaniemi,
0:08:44 > 0:08:47rather than Helsinki. So, picture bonuses shortly,
0:08:47 > 0:08:50when someone gets a starter question correct.
0:08:50 > 0:08:51Fingers on the buzzers. Here we go.
0:08:51 > 0:08:54Its existence brought to popular attention in the West
0:08:54 > 0:08:57by the 19th century French naturalist Henri Mouhot,
0:08:57 > 0:09:01which World Heritage Site lies close to the town of Siem Reap,
0:09:01 > 0:09:05around 100km south of its country's border with Thailand?
0:09:08 > 0:09:10- Angkor Wat.- Angkor is correct, yes.
0:09:10 > 0:09:13Right, so you now get the picture bonuses, Leeds.
0:09:13 > 0:09:16Santa Claus was the figure we asked you about
0:09:16 > 0:09:18in the starter question a moment ago.
0:09:18 > 0:09:20That was Santa Claus Village in Rovaniemi
0:09:20 > 0:09:22in the Lapland region of Finland.
0:09:22 > 0:09:25You'll now see three maps of American states
0:09:25 > 0:09:27featuring places called Santa Claus.
0:09:27 > 0:09:31Firstly, for five points, in what state is this,
0:09:31 > 0:09:33known as America's Christmas hometown?
0:09:35 > 0:09:38- That is...Iowa. - It's not Iowa, it's not Iowa.
0:09:39 > 0:09:40Indiana, then.
0:09:41 > 0:09:43- South Dakota, North Dakota. - North Dakota?
0:09:43 > 0:09:46- I'm going to guess North Dakota. - Indiana, is it?
0:09:46 > 0:09:48North Dakota.
0:09:48 > 0:09:50- North Dakota?! It's nowhere near. No, it's Indiana.- Yes.
0:09:50 > 0:09:52Secondly, where is this,
0:09:52 > 0:09:54a former tourist attraction, but now derelict?
0:10:00 > 0:10:02- I have no idea. Is it Nevada? - It's Nevada, isn't it?
0:10:02 > 0:10:05- Or is it Arizona?- Arizona?
0:10:05 > 0:10:08- We just need the state, or do we need the place?- State.- The state.
0:10:08 > 0:10:09- Arizona.- Correct.
0:10:09 > 0:10:13And finally, where is this, boasting thoroughfares such as
0:10:13 > 0:10:16Dasher Street, Rudolph Way and Candy Cane Street?
0:10:16 > 0:10:18LAUGHTER
0:10:20 > 0:10:21South Carolina.
0:10:21 > 0:10:22South Carolina.
0:10:22 > 0:10:25No, that's Georgia. 10 points for this starter question.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29During which century did Pope Julius I set December 25
0:10:29 > 0:10:31as the date for the Feast of the Nativity,
0:10:31 > 0:10:34or Christmas Day, as it's since become?
0:10:34 > 0:10:35He became Pope in the year
0:10:35 > 0:10:38that Roman Emperor Constantine the Great died.
0:10:40 > 0:10:42- Fourth century.- Correct.
0:10:42 > 0:10:45APPLAUSE
0:10:45 > 0:10:49Right, these bonuses are on the Christmas messages of US Presidents.
0:10:49 > 0:10:51Name both the President and the year in which
0:10:51 > 0:10:52the following words were spoken.
0:10:52 > 0:10:54Firstly, for five.
0:10:54 > 0:10:56"The Christmas spirit lives tonight in the bitter cold
0:10:56 > 0:10:58"of the front lines in Europe,
0:10:58 > 0:11:00"and in the heat of the jungles and swamps
0:11:00 > 0:11:02"of Burma and the Pacific Islands."
0:11:04 > 0:11:07- Was that Roosevelt?- Roosevelt, '44.
0:11:07 > 0:11:09President Roosevelt, 1944.
0:11:09 > 0:11:11Correct. Yes, Franklin Roosevelt, of course.
0:11:11 > 0:11:13"This has been a year of peril,
0:11:13 > 0:11:15"when the peace has been sorely threatened,
0:11:15 > 0:11:19"but it has been a year when peril was faced and when reason ruled.
0:11:19 > 0:11:22"As a result, we may talk at this Christmas
0:11:22 > 0:11:26"just a little bit more confidently of peace on Earth,
0:11:26 > 0:11:28"goodwill to men."
0:11:28 > 0:11:30- JFK?- The President and the year, please.
0:11:30 > 0:11:32JFK? '69?
0:11:32 > 0:11:34President Kennedy, 1963.
0:11:34 > 0:11:37- It was President Kennedy, but 1962. - Oh!- And finally,
0:11:37 > 0:11:41"As we celebrate this last Christmas of the 20th century,
0:11:41 > 0:11:42"let us resolve to build a future
0:11:42 > 0:11:45"where all people learn to love one another
0:11:45 > 0:11:47"and to live together in harmony."
0:11:48 > 0:11:50It must be Clinton, 1999.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52President Clinton, 1999.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55Correct. 10 points for this starter question.
0:11:55 > 0:11:58In November 2011, a NASA mission was launched
0:11:58 > 0:12:01to land and operate the car-sized rover Curiosity
0:12:01 > 0:12:02on the surface of...
0:12:03 > 0:12:04- Mars.- Mars is right, yes.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07APPLAUSE
0:12:07 > 0:12:10Your bonuses are on city architecture, Leeds.
0:12:10 > 0:12:12Named after a 19th-century military commander,
0:12:12 > 0:12:15which city north of Wellington in New Zealand
0:12:15 > 0:12:18has a prominent concentration of Art Deco buildings,
0:12:18 > 0:12:22having been rebuilt in that style after a major earthquake in 1931?
0:12:22 > 0:12:25- Crookston?- No, I think Nelson.
0:12:25 > 0:12:27- Nelson, not Crookston? - What do you think?- Crookston.
0:12:27 > 0:12:29- Say Nelson.- Nelson.
0:12:29 > 0:12:30No, it's Napier.
0:12:30 > 0:12:33Founded in the early 1600s, which US state capital
0:12:33 > 0:12:36is known for its hundreds of adobe brick homes,
0:12:36 > 0:12:40built primarily in the Spanish pueblo and territorial styles?
0:12:40 > 0:12:42New Mexico's...
0:12:42 > 0:12:44- New Mexico.- New Mexico?
0:12:44 > 0:12:46- New Mexico.- No, it's Santa Fe.
0:12:46 > 0:12:49Established on the outskirts of Jaffa, which city in Israel
0:12:49 > 0:12:50is noted for its Bauhaus architecture,
0:12:50 > 0:12:54with more buildings in that style than any other city in the world?
0:12:55 > 0:12:58- Haifa?- Jaffa? Yes. - Haifa?- I don't know.
0:12:58 > 0:13:00- Haifa.- No, it's Tel Aviv.
0:13:00 > 0:13:0210 points for this.
0:13:02 > 0:13:06"I thought 10,000 swords must have leapt from their scabbards
0:13:06 > 0:13:09"to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult,
0:13:09 > 0:13:11but the age of chivalry is gone."
0:13:11 > 0:13:15Those words of Edmund Burke referred to which royal figure,
0:13:15 > 0:13:17executed in 1793?
0:13:20 > 0:13:22- Marie Antoinette.- Correct.
0:13:22 > 0:13:25APPLAUSE
0:13:25 > 0:13:27If you get these bonuses, you're on level pegging.
0:13:27 > 0:13:30They're on the numerology of the carol The Twelve Days Of Christmas.
0:13:30 > 0:13:34In each case, I want the present given for the first time
0:13:34 > 0:13:36on the day described as follows...
0:13:36 > 0:13:40Which present is given for the first time on the unique day
0:13:40 > 0:13:43whose square equals its double?
0:13:45 > 0:13:47THEY WHISPER
0:13:59 > 0:14:01- Two turtle doves.- Correct.
0:14:01 > 0:14:04Which present is given for the first time on the unique day
0:14:04 > 0:14:06that's an even cube?
0:14:09 > 0:14:11THEY WHISPER
0:14:13 > 0:14:1412 drummers drumming.
0:14:14 > 0:14:16No, it's eight maids a-milking.
0:14:16 > 0:14:19And finally, which present is given on the day of Christmas
0:14:19 > 0:14:21whose number is both a Mersenne prime
0:14:21 > 0:14:23and double Mersenne prime?
0:14:25 > 0:14:28THEY WHISPER
0:14:33 > 0:14:34Swans.
0:14:34 > 0:14:37It is, seven swans a-swimming, yes.
0:14:37 > 0:14:39Right, we're going to take a music round now.
0:14:39 > 0:14:42For your music starter, you'll hear an excerpt from a Christmas carol
0:14:42 > 0:14:44composed by a well-known German composer.
0:14:44 > 0:14:4710 points if you can name the composer.
0:14:47 > 0:14:50# Hark! The herald angels... #
0:14:50 > 0:14:52- Mendelssohn. - Mendelssohn is right, yes.
0:14:52 > 0:14:54APPLAUSE
0:14:57 > 0:15:00So, you take the lead and, following on from Mendelssohn,
0:15:00 > 0:15:03your bonuses are three Christmas carols, the music for which
0:15:03 > 0:15:06has been written or adapted by well-known British composers.
0:15:06 > 0:15:10Five points for each composer you can name. Firstly...
0:15:11 > 0:15:23# O little town of Bethlehem, how still we see thee lie
0:15:23 > 0:15:34# Above thy deep and dreamless sleep, the silent stars go by... #
0:15:34 > 0:15:38- Benjamin Britten? - No, it's Vaughan Williams. Secondly?
0:15:40 > 0:15:45# There is no rose of such virtue
0:15:45 > 0:15:51# As is the rose that bare Jesu
0:15:51 > 0:15:53# Alleluia... #
0:15:53 > 0:15:58- We're going to go for Britten again. - It is Britten, yes. And finally?
0:15:58 > 0:16:03# In the bleak midwinter,
0:16:03 > 0:16:09# Frosty wind made moan... #
0:16:11 > 0:16:15- Ruth will answer.- Well, she might! I think it's Harold Darke.
0:16:15 > 0:16:19No, it isn't. It's Gustav Holst. 10 points for this.
0:16:19 > 0:16:23Born in 1886, the Austrian zoologist Karl von Frisch
0:16:23 > 0:16:27coined the terms "waggle dance" and "round dance"...
0:16:27 > 0:16:29- Bees.- Bees is correct, yes.
0:16:29 > 0:16:31APPLAUSE
0:16:32 > 0:16:36These bonuses are on names of countries that become another
0:16:36 > 0:16:39proper name by the substitution of the initial letter.
0:16:39 > 0:16:42For example, Malta and Yalta.
0:16:42 > 0:16:45In each case, give both words from the descriptions.
0:16:45 > 0:16:50Firstly, the host nation of the 2022 FIFA World Cup,
0:16:50 > 0:16:54and a Turkic language of west central Russia.
0:16:54 > 0:16:56THEY CONFER
0:17:00 > 0:17:02Qatar and Tatar.
0:17:02 > 0:17:06Correct. Secondly, the country that seceded from Colombia in 1903
0:17:06 > 0:17:08and the capital of Bahrain?
0:17:19 > 0:17:22- We don't know. - It's Panama and Manama.
0:17:22 > 0:17:24And finally, the country to the west of Nigeria
0:17:24 > 0:17:27and the author of the 1917 work The State And Revolution.
0:17:31 > 0:17:36- Benin and Lenin.- Yes! Right, 10 points for this.
0:17:36 > 0:17:39The Penrose Triangle is an impossible figure that inspired
0:17:39 > 0:17:44Ascending And Descending, a 1960 work by which Dutch artist,
0:17:44 > 0:17:46who is known for realistic detailed...
0:17:47 > 0:17:49- Escher.- Escher is correct, yes.
0:17:49 > 0:17:52APPLAUSE
0:17:52 > 0:17:54You will retake the lead if you get these bonuses.
0:17:54 > 0:17:58They're on historical figures who share surnames with
0:17:58 > 0:18:01members of England's World Cup winning team of 1966.
0:18:01 > 0:18:03In each case, give the surname of the following.
0:18:03 > 0:18:07Firstly, a lollard priest executed in 1381 for his part
0:18:07 > 0:18:10in the Peasants' Revolt led by Wat Tyler.
0:18:11 > 0:18:15- Moore.- No, it was Ball. John and Alan.
0:18:15 > 0:18:19Secondly, a botanist who accompanied Captain Cook around the world
0:18:19 > 0:18:20from 1768 to 1771.
0:18:20 > 0:18:26He gives his name to a large island of the Canadian Arctic.
0:18:26 > 0:18:30- Baffin?- No, it's Banks. Joseph Banks and Gordon Banks.
0:18:30 > 0:18:32and finally, the US President whose administration
0:18:32 > 0:18:36is memorable for constitutional amendments introducing
0:18:36 > 0:18:38both Prohibition and women's suffrage?
0:18:38 > 0:18:40THEY CONFER
0:18:43 > 0:18:48- Truman?- No, it's Wilson, Woodrow and Ray. 10 points for this.
0:18:48 > 0:18:50"One is not born a woman. One becomes one."
0:18:50 > 0:18:53Which French author made that statement
0:18:53 > 0:18:55in a 1949 treatise regarding...
0:18:55 > 0:18:57- Simone De Beauvoir?- Correct.
0:18:57 > 0:18:59APPLAUSE
0:19:00 > 0:19:04Leeds, you will be pleased to hear you get three bonuses on festive food.
0:19:04 > 0:19:08What now-ubiquitous Christmas foodstuff is believed to have been
0:19:08 > 0:19:11first brought to Britain in 1526 by the Yorkshireman,
0:19:11 > 0:19:15William Strickland who acquired a quantity from Native American traders?
0:19:20 > 0:19:23Cranberries?
0:19:23 > 0:19:25- Cranberries.- No, it's turkeys.- Oh!
0:19:25 > 0:19:26A Christmas favourite in Spain,
0:19:26 > 0:19:29what is the name of the nougat made of toasted sweet almonds
0:19:29 > 0:19:32and honey, said to have been produced in Spain for 500 years?
0:19:32 > 0:19:35- Montelimar?- Montelimar.
0:19:35 > 0:19:37No, that's in France. It's turron.
0:19:37 > 0:19:40Having its first recorded association with Christmas
0:19:40 > 0:19:43in the writings of an 18th-century illuminist,
0:19:43 > 0:19:45Italians have adopted which sweet bread
0:19:45 > 0:19:47as a Christmas tradition?
0:19:47 > 0:19:50- Panettone.- Panettone. - Correct. 10 points for this.
0:19:50 > 0:19:53Which section of the small intestinal of vertebrates
0:19:53 > 0:19:56precedes the bile and pancreatic ducts and begins...
0:19:57 > 0:19:59- Duodenum.- Correct.
0:19:59 > 0:20:03These bonuses, which will give you the lead again, are on sleep.
0:20:03 > 0:20:06For what do the letters REM stand in the stage of the human sleeping
0:20:06 > 0:20:08cycle characterised by vivid dreaming?
0:20:08 > 0:20:10- Rapid eye movement.- Correct.
0:20:10 > 0:20:13After a Greek letter, what name denotes the low-frequency,
0:20:13 > 0:20:16high-amplitude waves that appear increasingly in the dreamless
0:20:16 > 0:20:19advanced stages of non-REM sleep?
0:20:20 > 0:20:23- Alpha waves.- No, they're delta waves. Into how many stages
0:20:23 > 0:20:26is the non-REM sleep phase usually subdivided,
0:20:26 > 0:20:29each indicating a deeper sleep than the previous one?
0:20:30 > 0:20:34- Three.- No, it's four. 10 points for this - what nine-word slogan
0:20:34 > 0:20:38was coined by Clarissa Baldwin-Rose, who joined Dogs Trust
0:20:38 > 0:20:40in 1974, and later became...
0:20:40 > 0:20:41- BELL - Bristol, Leonard!
0:20:41 > 0:20:44A dog is not for Christmas, it's for life?
0:20:44 > 0:20:47I'll accept that, you got the sense of it. It's "A dog is for life,
0:20:47 > 0:20:50"not just for Christmas." Your bonuses this time are on Europe
0:20:50 > 0:20:53in 1912, In each case, name the country that ruled over
0:20:53 > 0:20:56the following present-day capitals on Christmas Day 1912.
0:20:56 > 0:20:59Firstly, for five points, Reykjavik...
0:20:59 > 0:21:01THEY WHISPER
0:21:01 > 0:21:05INAUDIBLE
0:21:05 > 0:21:07Erm, Den...Denmark.
0:21:07 > 0:21:10Denmark is correct. Secondly, Ljubljana...
0:21:10 > 0:21:13INAUDIBLE Austro-Hungary.
0:21:13 > 0:21:15Austro-Hungary. Austria?
0:21:15 > 0:21:18Correct. Finally - Riga...
0:21:18 > 0:21:21Soviet Empire.
0:21:21 > 0:21:24No, just before, it's Sweden.
0:21:24 > 0:21:26- Sweden.- It wasn't the Russian Empire.
0:21:26 > 0:21:28The Russians had it after the First...Second World War.
0:21:28 > 0:21:31- 1912, erm...?- Go, anyway.
0:21:31 > 0:21:33Pick one? Sweden?
0:21:33 > 0:21:35- No, it's Russia.- Sorry! - A second picture round now.
0:21:35 > 0:21:38For your starter you will see a photo of that now ubiquitous
0:21:38 > 0:21:41phenomenon, the Christmas market. For 10 points, simply name
0:21:41 > 0:21:44the British city where this one's being held.
0:21:47 > 0:21:50- Manchester. - Anyone like to buzz from Bristol?
0:21:51 > 0:21:54You may not confer - one of you may buzz.
0:21:56 > 0:21:58Bristol, Leonard...
0:21:58 > 0:22:00- London!- No, it's Birmingham!
0:22:00 > 0:22:03Pictures bonuses shortly. 10 points for this starter in the meantime.
0:22:03 > 0:22:06Fingers on the buzzers. The Cherry Blossoms, or more recently
0:22:06 > 0:22:08the Brave Blossoms, is the nickname
0:22:08 > 0:22:11for the national rugby union team of which country?
0:22:13 > 0:22:15- Japan?- Japan is correct?
0:22:15 > 0:22:17APPLAUSE
0:22:17 > 0:22:20So, you get the picture bonuses - three more photographs
0:22:20 > 0:22:22of Christmas markets located in Europe. In each case, simply
0:22:22 > 0:22:25name the city - firstly, where's this?
0:22:28 > 0:22:29I have no idea.
0:22:31 > 0:22:33Could it be Munich?
0:22:33 > 0:22:36- A German city?- German city. It's Bonn,
0:22:36 > 0:22:39- Frankfurt, somewhere. - It's not one of those, no.
0:22:39 > 0:22:41- OK, just give one.- Munich?
0:22:41 > 0:22:43Erm, er, Kiev.
0:22:43 > 0:22:46No, it's Nuremberg. Secondly, this capital city?
0:22:48 > 0:22:52- Never been there.- Is that Brussels? - Could be Brussels, I think, yeah.
0:22:52 > 0:22:53Er, Brussels.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56No, it's Vienna, that's the Rathaus there.
0:22:56 > 0:22:58And finally, in which capital is this market?
0:22:58 > 0:23:01- It hasn't the Eiffel Tower... - Is it Paris?
0:23:01 > 0:23:04- Oh, is that Notre Dame?- That looks like Cologne Cathedral.
0:23:04 > 0:23:06- Go on.- Is it not...? - WHISPERING
0:23:06 > 0:23:09- Italy...- I don't know. I have no idea.
0:23:10 > 0:23:11- Italy...- Say Madrid.
0:23:11 > 0:23:14Er, so we've got several versions.
0:23:14 > 0:23:16- So, er, er...- I'd just like one. - Yes, indeed.
0:23:16 > 0:23:19- Erm, Cologne.- No, it's Prague. 10 points for this -
0:23:19 > 0:23:23a yellow pigment consisting originally of lead antimonate
0:23:23 > 0:23:26is named after which Italian city, the capital of Campania,
0:23:26 > 0:23:28where it was originally...
0:23:28 > 0:23:31- Siena?- I'll have to fine you five points.
0:23:31 > 0:23:33..where it was originally manufactured?
0:23:33 > 0:23:35One of you may buzz, Bristol?
0:23:35 > 0:23:37You may not confer!
0:23:38 > 0:23:41It's Naples, as in Naples yellow. 10 points for this, fingers on buzzers.
0:23:41 > 0:23:45What six-letter word can be preceded in biology by
0:23:45 > 0:23:48"mitochondrial", in statistics by "decision"
0:23:48 > 0:23:49and in printing by "dot"?
0:23:51 > 0:23:54- Matrix.- Matrix is right, yes!
0:23:54 > 0:23:56APPLAUSE
0:23:56 > 0:23:59These bonuses are on science and invention in the 1730s, Leeds.
0:23:59 > 0:24:03In 1735, which Swiss mathematician successfully solved both
0:24:03 > 0:24:07the Basel Problem and the Seven Bridges of Koenigsberg problem?
0:24:11 > 0:24:13THEY WHISPER
0:24:13 > 0:24:16Fermat? You think Fermat?
0:24:16 > 0:24:17Fermat.
0:24:17 > 0:24:21No, it's Euler. Its compound is used to colour glass since
0:24:21 > 0:24:24ancient times - which metallic element did the Swedish chemist
0:24:24 > 0:24:27Georg Brandt isolate around 1735? He named it after the German word
0:24:27 > 0:24:29for goblin...
0:24:31 > 0:24:33Coloured glass - no ideas?
0:24:34 > 0:24:37Silicon? Really?
0:24:37 > 0:24:39Silica... Silica.
0:24:39 > 0:24:42No, it's cobalt. Contrary to Orson Welles' claim
0:24:42 > 0:24:44in The Third Man, the invention of what device is generally
0:24:44 > 0:24:49credited to Franz Ketterer in the Black Forest during the 1730s?
0:24:49 > 0:24:52- Cuckoo clock.- Correct. Two-and-a-half minutes to go.
0:24:52 > 0:24:55Another starter question - what object is depicted in front
0:24:55 > 0:24:57of the face of a bowler-hatted man in Rene Magritte's...?
0:24:58 > 0:25:01- An apple.- An apple is correct, yes.
0:25:01 > 0:25:03APPLAUSE
0:25:03 > 0:25:06Your bonuses, Leeds, are on former students
0:25:06 > 0:25:09of the University of York. Firstly, creator of the ITV drama series
0:25:09 > 0:25:13Foyle's War, which author's works include the Alex Rider series
0:25:13 > 0:25:17and The House Of Silk, a new novel featuring Sherlock Holmes?
0:25:17 > 0:25:19- Anthony Horowitz. Oh... - An... Sure?
0:25:19 > 0:25:22- Come on.- Anthony Horowitz.- Correct. Born 1952, which poet
0:25:22 > 0:25:26and novelist's works include A Spell Of Winter, The Siege
0:25:26 > 0:25:28and Counting The Stars?
0:25:31 > 0:25:33No, not Ian McMillan?
0:25:33 > 0:25:36- Ian McMillan.- No, it's Helen Dunmore. Born 1952,
0:25:36 > 0:25:41which author's works include Wild Swans and Mao: The Unknown Story?
0:25:41 > 0:25:43Jung Chang.
0:25:43 > 0:25:44- Yeah.- Jung Chang.- Yeah.
0:25:44 > 0:25:46- Jung Chang.- Correct. 10 points for this -
0:25:46 > 0:25:49which poet addresses his baby son Hartley
0:25:49 > 0:25:52in two of his best-known poems, Frost At Midnight...
0:25:53 > 0:25:57- Hardy. No, it's not...!- No. Anyone? I'm afraid you lose five points.
0:25:57 > 0:25:59..and The Nightingale?
0:25:59 > 0:26:02One of you - you may not confer!
0:26:02 > 0:26:04- Kipling.- No, it was Coleridge.
0:26:04 > 0:26:07So, 10 points if you can get your hands on the buzzers now.
0:26:07 > 0:26:10After the lowest sediments that it carries to the sea,
0:26:10 > 0:26:12what is the English name of the river often called
0:26:12 > 0:26:15the Cradle of Chinese Civilisation?
0:26:15 > 0:26:17Yangtze?
0:26:17 > 0:26:20No - one of you...
0:26:20 > 0:26:22- The Yellow River? - The Yellow River is correct, yes.
0:26:22 > 0:26:25APPLAUSE
0:26:25 > 0:26:27Your bonuses are on rivers of North America.
0:26:27 > 0:26:31St Paul, Minnesota and Memphis, Tennessee, are among the cities
0:26:31 > 0:26:33on which major river of North America?
0:26:33 > 0:26:35Mississippi? Mississippi?
0:26:35 > 0:26:38- Mississippi?- Correct. Which tributary of the Mississippi
0:26:38 > 0:26:42passes through Pueblo, Colorado, Wichita, Kansas and Tulsa, Oklahoma?
0:26:44 > 0:26:46Colorado? Colorado River?
0:26:46 > 0:26:49- Colorado.- No, it's the Arkansas.
0:26:49 > 0:26:53Which tributary of the Mississippi flows through Sioux City, Iowa,
0:26:53 > 0:26:55Omaha, Nebraska, and Kansas City, Kansas?
0:26:57 > 0:26:59What's that?
0:26:59 > 0:27:02- Yeah, so try it? The Missouri. - Correct. 10 points for this -
0:27:02 > 0:27:05which economist and former European Commissioner became Italian
0:27:05 > 0:27:07Prime Minister in November 2011?
0:27:07 > 0:27:09Monti.
0:27:09 > 0:27:13- Correct.- You get a set of bonuses this time, Bristol,
0:27:13 > 0:27:18on verse forms - the 39-line verse form known as the sestina
0:27:18 > 0:27:21is associated with Dante and which of his Italian contemporaries
0:27:21 > 0:27:24- whose works were often addressed "to Laura"?- Sonnet.
0:27:24 > 0:27:27No, it's Petrarch. Caudate, or tail rhyme, features
0:27:27 > 0:27:31in Tonight - a work by which of the romantic poets?
0:27:31 > 0:27:33GONG
0:27:33 > 0:27:36Shelley. Bad luck!
0:27:36 > 0:27:40APPLAUSE
0:27:43 > 0:27:46135 is a perfectly respectable score. Thank you for joining us -
0:27:46 > 0:27:50you were all great sports, and 140 - if it's one of the four highest
0:27:50 > 0:27:53scores, you will be back as a semi-finalist. We'll see.
0:27:53 > 0:27:56Thank you very much, and many congratulations to you, Leeds.
0:27:56 > 0:27:59- So, it's goodbye from the University of Bristol.- Goodbye.
0:27:59 > 0:28:01- It's goodbye from the University of Leeds.- Goodbye.
0:28:01 > 0:28:03And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.
0:28:03 > 0:28:07APPLAUSE
0:28:11 > 0:28:14Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd