0:00:17 > 0:00:19APPLAUSE
0:00:19 > 0:00:22Christmas University Challenge.
0:00:22 > 0:00:26Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
0:00:27 > 0:00:31Hello. Again tonight, two teams of distinguished graduates
0:00:31 > 0:00:34occupy the seats normally taken by fresh-faced students.
0:00:34 > 0:00:37Indeed, it becomes harder to characterise the teams taking part
0:00:37 > 0:00:40in this special series for grown-ups without resorting
0:00:40 > 0:00:42to words like "wizened" and "sprightly",
0:00:42 > 0:00:44so let's simply say that, in tonight's contest,
0:00:44 > 0:00:47Oxford plays Cambridge, as two venerable colleges
0:00:47 > 0:00:50battle for a place in the semifinals.
0:00:50 > 0:00:54A score of over 185 will guarantee that tonight's winners go through.
0:00:54 > 0:00:57Now, playing on behalf of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
0:00:57 > 0:00:59is an entrepreneur who was
0:00:59 > 0:01:02part of the team that devised the first webcam,
0:01:02 > 0:01:05indirectly enabling numberless grateful students to stay up
0:01:05 > 0:01:08late on Chatroulette. A prolific broadcaster
0:01:08 > 0:01:11and writer, who has been praised by Hilary Mantel for her
0:01:11 > 0:01:13exhilarating narrative gift.
0:01:13 > 0:01:16Their captain recently abandoned the ivory tower of Radio 4,
0:01:16 > 0:01:20where he was controller, to plunge headlong into the razzmatazz
0:01:20 > 0:01:23of academe, and their fourth member is interested in objects
0:01:23 > 0:01:27and, in his words, "How we see them and where they lead us".
0:01:27 > 0:01:29Let's meet the Gonville and Caius team.
0:01:29 > 0:01:33Hello, I'm Quentin Stafford-Fraser. I studied computer science
0:01:33 > 0:01:36just before the web was invented and, more recently,
0:01:36 > 0:01:38I've been building companies which depend on it.
0:01:40 > 0:01:44I'm Helen Castor, I read history in the late '80s and early '90s
0:01:44 > 0:01:47and now I'm a medieval historian, writer and broadcaster.
0:01:47 > 0:01:49And this is their captain.
0:01:49 > 0:01:52I'm Mark Damazer, I studied history in the 1970s
0:01:52 > 0:01:55and I'm now Master of St Peter's College, Oxford.
0:01:55 > 0:01:58I'm Lars Tharp. 40 years ago, I read prehistoric archaeology
0:01:58 > 0:02:01and I've come up to date by being on the Antiques Roadshow.
0:02:01 > 0:02:04APPLAUSE
0:02:05 > 0:02:08Now, the first member of the team of graduates
0:02:08 > 0:02:11of Christ Church, Oxford says he's never had a proper job
0:02:11 > 0:02:14and now that he's in the House of Lords, he probably never will.
0:02:14 > 0:02:17He's joined by a journalist who may hold the record for covering
0:02:17 > 0:02:20the most breaking political stories on British television.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22Their captain's been described as the most gifted art critic
0:02:22 > 0:02:25of his generation, possibly by his publisher,
0:02:25 > 0:02:28and their final team member is the co-author of a biography
0:02:28 > 0:02:29of Ed Miliband
0:02:29 > 0:02:33and can sometimes be seen taking no prisoners on Question Time.
0:02:33 > 0:02:34Let's meet them.
0:02:34 > 0:02:37I'm Michael Dobbs. I stumbled through a degree in politics,
0:02:37 > 0:02:40philosophy and economics 45 years ago.
0:02:40 > 0:02:42I now spend my time writing political fiction
0:02:42 > 0:02:44and sitting in the House of Lords.
0:02:44 > 0:02:47I'm Adam Boulton, I read English at Christ Church,
0:02:47 > 0:02:50leaving in 1980. I'm now political editor of Sky News.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52And here's their captain.
0:02:52 > 0:02:54I'm Andrew Graham-Dixon, I read English at Christ Church,
0:02:54 > 0:02:59leaving in 1981, and I now talk a lot about art on the telly.
0:02:59 > 0:03:02I'm Mehdi Hasan, I studied politics, philosophy
0:03:02 > 0:03:04and economics in the late 1990s.
0:03:04 > 0:03:06I'm now the political director of the Huffington Post UK
0:03:06 > 0:03:08and a presenter on Al Jazeera.
0:03:08 > 0:03:12APPLAUSE
0:03:13 > 0:03:15OK, I guess you all know the rules.
0:03:15 > 0:03:17It's ten points for starter questions,
0:03:17 > 0:03:20they must be answered on the buzzer or bell individually.
0:03:20 > 0:03:22Bonuses are team efforts, they're worth 15.
0:03:22 > 0:03:25You can confer on those, you can't confer on starters.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27Interrupt a starter question incorrectly
0:03:27 > 0:03:29and there's a five-point penalty.
0:03:29 > 0:03:32So, fingers on the buzzers, here's your first starter for ten.
0:03:32 > 0:03:37When Sir Cecil Chubb purchased Lot 15 for £6,600 at an auction
0:03:37 > 0:03:39in Salisbury in 1915,
0:03:39 > 0:03:42reputedly as a spur-of-the-moment gift for his wife,
0:03:42 > 0:03:46he became the last private owner of which ancient British monument?
0:03:49 > 0:03:51- Stonehenge.- Correct.
0:03:54 > 0:03:55She didn't like it, apparently.
0:03:55 > 0:03:58He gave it to the nation three years later.
0:03:58 > 0:04:02Right, your bonuses are on games and sports, Caius.
0:04:02 > 0:04:06Firstly, what game links The Stranger Song by Leonard Cohen,
0:04:06 > 0:04:08the 1998 film Rounders
0:04:08 > 0:04:12and Victoria Coren's book, For Richer, For Poorer?
0:04:12 > 0:04:13Poker.
0:04:13 > 0:04:15- Poker.- Correct.
0:04:15 > 0:04:17Secondly, what sport links Shakespeare's Henry V,
0:04:17 > 0:04:20a pivotal moment of the French Revolution depicted in a work
0:04:20 > 0:04:24by David, and Alfred Hitchcock's film Strangers On A Train?
0:04:26 > 0:04:27- Tennis.- Correct.
0:04:27 > 0:04:30What game links Matt Charman's play The Machine,
0:04:30 > 0:04:33Vladimir Nabokov's 1964 novel The Defense
0:04:33 > 0:04:36and the second part of Eliot's The Waste Land?
0:04:39 > 0:04:41(Nabokov, The Waste Land.)
0:04:44 > 0:04:45Hockey.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48No, it's chess. Ten points for this.
0:04:48 > 0:04:50He began his career in television satirising
0:04:50 > 0:04:54the patrician Establishment and ended it with a knighthood,
0:04:54 > 0:04:55a duke as a father-in-law and...
0:04:57 > 0:04:58- David Frost.- Correct.
0:05:02 > 0:05:06OK, your first set of bonuses, Christ Church, are on paintings.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09What scene of the Nativity Story is depicted in an unfinished work
0:05:09 > 0:05:11by Leonardo da Vinci?
0:05:11 > 0:05:13Commissioned for a monastery near Florence, it was abandoned
0:05:13 > 0:05:18in 1482 when he was tempted away to Milan and is now in the Uffizi.
0:05:18 > 0:05:22- The Adoration of the Magi? - Whatever you say.
0:05:22 > 0:05:23The Adoration of the Magi.
0:05:23 > 0:05:25Correct. Hanging above the altar of the chapel
0:05:25 > 0:05:28of King's College, Cambridge is a painting of The Adoration
0:05:28 > 0:05:31of the Magi by which painter of the Flemish Baroque?
0:05:34 > 0:05:37Um...Rubens?
0:05:39 > 0:05:41- Rubens.- Correct.
0:05:41 > 0:05:44Who made his name in Florence with an Adoration of the Magi
0:05:44 > 0:05:47for Gaspare del Lama in around 1475?
0:05:47 > 0:05:49The artist includes his own, not-inconspicuous,
0:05:49 > 0:05:54self-portrait in a yellow cloak, at the far right of the foreground.
0:05:58 > 0:06:01- I don't know.- (Have a guess.)
0:06:06 > 0:06:08Benozzo Gozzoli, but it isn't.
0:06:08 > 0:06:09No, it's Botticelli.
0:06:09 > 0:06:11Ten points for this.
0:06:11 > 0:06:12Listen carefully.
0:06:12 > 0:06:16Elves wrap Christmas presents at a rate of one every five minutes if
0:06:16 > 0:06:21working individually, but one every two minutes if working in pairs.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24Compared to two elves working alone,
0:06:24 > 0:06:26how many more presents would two elves working together
0:06:26 > 0:06:30wrap between 6:00pm and midnight on Christmas Eve?
0:06:38 > 0:06:40200.
0:06:40 > 0:06:42Anyone like to buzz from Caius?
0:06:44 > 0:06:47You may not confer, but one of you can buzz
0:06:47 > 0:06:49- if you have an inspired idea?- 100.
0:06:49 > 0:06:52No, it's 36. Ten points for this.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55What given name links the US inventor who founded Kodak,
0:06:55 > 0:06:58an engineer and industrialist who gives his name to a railway
0:06:58 > 0:07:03- sleeping car and the English engineer...?- Eastman.
0:07:03 > 0:07:06No, you lose five points. ..and the English engineer who built
0:07:06 > 0:07:10the Rocket steam locomotive in 1829?
0:07:10 > 0:07:14You may not confer, one of you may buzz.
0:07:14 > 0:07:15Stephenson.
0:07:15 > 0:07:17No, it's the given name. It's George.
0:07:17 > 0:07:19Right, ten points for this.
0:07:19 > 0:07:21"Transported to a surreal landscape,
0:07:21 > 0:07:25"a young girl kills the first person she meets and then teams up
0:07:25 > 0:07:27"with three strangers to kill again."
0:07:27 > 0:07:30Sometimes attributed to Lee Winfrey, a critic for the
0:07:30 > 0:07:36Philadelphia Enquirer, these words refer to which film musical of 1939?
0:07:40 > 0:07:42- The Wizard Of Oz.- Yes.
0:07:45 > 0:07:48Right, your bonuses are on British wading birds.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52What is the common name of wading birds of the genus Haematopus?
0:07:52 > 0:07:55Feeding mainly on shellfish, they're distinguished by their black
0:07:55 > 0:07:59and white plumage, orange-red bill and reddish-pink legs.
0:08:01 > 0:08:02I nominate Tharp.
0:08:02 > 0:08:04- Oystercatcher.- Correct.
0:08:04 > 0:08:07Great White and Little are species of which bird of the heron family,
0:08:07 > 0:08:12distinguished by long tufts of feathers on the head or neck?
0:08:16 > 0:08:17Grebe?
0:08:17 > 0:08:18No, they're egrets.
0:08:18 > 0:08:22After its brightly-coloured legs, what is the common name of Tringa
0:08:22 > 0:08:26totanus, a wading bird that breeds around lakes and salt marshes?
0:08:28 > 0:08:31I think it's all yours to have a guess at a wading bird.
0:08:31 > 0:08:32Choose any wading bird you know.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34Yes, cos it will be one more than I know.
0:08:34 > 0:08:36- The curlew. - No, it's a redshank.
0:08:36 > 0:08:38Right, we're going to take a picture round now.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41For your picture starter, you'll see a map of London on which a football
0:08:41 > 0:08:46shows the location of a 2013 Boxing Day Premier League fixture.
0:08:46 > 0:08:48For ten points, name the stadium
0:08:48 > 0:08:51and the team that play their home games there.
0:08:56 > 0:08:58Tottenham, White Hart Lane.
0:08:58 > 0:09:00Correct.
0:09:00 > 0:09:01APPLAUSE
0:09:03 > 0:09:04Are you a Spurs fan?
0:09:04 > 0:09:06I suffer.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09OK, following on from Spurs, then, who are hosting
0:09:09 > 0:09:12West Bromwich Albion on Boxing Day this year, for your bonuses,
0:09:12 > 0:09:15three more locations hosting Premier League football this Boxing Day.
0:09:15 > 0:09:17In each case, I want the name of the stadium
0:09:17 > 0:09:20and the team that plays their home games there.
0:09:20 > 0:09:22Firstly for five, A.
0:09:25 > 0:09:28THEY CONFER
0:09:40 > 0:09:43- Aston Villa, Villa Park. - It would have been so...
0:09:43 > 0:09:47You're quite right, your idea of English geography is terrible.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50Secondly, B, please.
0:09:55 > 0:09:56Hull, the KC Stadium.
0:09:56 > 0:10:00Correct, yes. And finally, C.
0:10:00 > 0:10:02That's Carrow Road and Norwich.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04Yes, ten points for this.
0:10:06 > 0:10:07Fingers on the buzzers,
0:10:07 > 0:10:10which three-letter word denotes the mathematical expression
0:10:10 > 0:10:12for the inverse of the exponential function
0:10:12 > 0:10:16and is also associated with a sweet roulade of sponge
0:10:16 > 0:10:19and chocolate buttercream, traditionally served...?
0:10:20 > 0:10:23- Log.- Log is right, yes.
0:10:26 > 0:10:29Right, these bonuses, Gonville and Caius, are on a film.
0:10:29 > 0:10:33What is the title of the 1965 film, directed by George Stevens,
0:10:33 > 0:10:34based on the life of Jesus?
0:10:34 > 0:10:38Its large cast includes Max Von Sydow as Jesus
0:10:38 > 0:10:40and Telly Savalas as Pontius Pilate.
0:10:42 > 0:10:44- The Greatest Story Ever Told. - Correct.
0:10:44 > 0:10:47In The Greatest Story Ever Told, who plays the part of John the Baptist?
0:10:47 > 0:10:52He appeared as Moses in the 1956 film, The Ten Commandments.
0:10:52 > 0:10:53- Charlton Heston.- Correct.
0:10:53 > 0:10:55In the same film,
0:10:55 > 0:10:57which English actor plays the part of Herod the Great?
0:10:57 > 0:11:00His numerous film roles included that of Captain Renault
0:11:00 > 0:11:02in Casablanca, in 1942.
0:11:06 > 0:11:08- Claude Rains. - Correct. Ten points for this.
0:11:08 > 0:11:11Probably a jocular coinage,
0:11:11 > 0:11:14hippomonstrosesquippedaliophobia
0:11:14 > 0:11:18is a term denoting, perhaps appropriately, a fear of what?
0:11:20 > 0:11:21Hippopotamus.
0:11:21 > 0:11:22No.
0:11:22 > 0:11:25You may not confer, one of you can buzz.
0:11:31 > 0:11:33- Obesity?- No, it's long words.
0:11:33 > 0:11:35- Ten points for this. - LAUGHTER
0:11:35 > 0:11:37Later the title of a song by the group Sparks,
0:11:37 > 0:11:42what ten-word retort was attributed to the film actress...?
0:11:43 > 0:11:45This town ain't big enough for the both of us.
0:11:45 > 0:11:48No, I'm afraid you lose five points. ..attributed to the
0:11:48 > 0:11:51film actress Tallulah Bankhead and was supposedly her response
0:11:51 > 0:11:55to the greeting of an ex-lover she hadn't seen for many years?
0:11:58 > 0:12:01No conferring.
0:12:01 > 0:12:02Eh, you may buzz.
0:12:04 > 0:12:07Are you pleased to see me or is that a gun in your pocket?
0:12:07 > 0:12:08That was Mae West.
0:12:08 > 0:12:11No, it's "I thought I told you to wait in the car."
0:12:11 > 0:12:13Right, ten points for this.
0:12:13 > 0:12:16The Oxford English Dictionary's traditional rule that a word
0:12:16 > 0:12:20needs to be current for ten years before it can be considered
0:12:20 > 0:12:22for inclusion was broken in...
0:12:22 > 0:12:24Selfie.
0:12:24 > 0:12:25No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
0:12:25 > 0:12:29..was broken in June 2013 with the addition of what five-letter
0:12:29 > 0:12:32word in its social networking sense?
0:12:35 > 0:12:37- Tweet.- Tweet is correct.
0:12:40 > 0:12:42These bonuses are on greetings.
0:12:42 > 0:12:45Firstly for five, by the time of the Ming dynasty,
0:12:45 > 0:12:49which Chinese ritual involved three kneelings and nine prostrations?
0:12:49 > 0:12:52The requirement for Western envoys was abolished after the Opium Wars.
0:12:52 > 0:12:54You don't need to buzz, it's a bonus question,
0:12:54 > 0:12:56and it's going to the other team, I'm afraid.
0:12:56 > 0:12:58LAUGHTER
0:12:58 > 0:13:01- It's a kowtow. - It is a kowtow, yes.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03Used when formerly receiving visitors,
0:13:03 > 0:13:08which traditional Maori greeting is done by pressing the noses together?
0:13:16 > 0:13:18Their version of kissing.
0:13:18 > 0:13:20Well, yeah, it's their equivalent of kissing
0:13:20 > 0:13:24and done all the time at St Peter's, I believe, it's called a hongi.
0:13:24 > 0:13:27And finally, a respectful greeting said when bringing the palms
0:13:27 > 0:13:32together, which word comes via Hindi from the Sanskrit for bowing to you?
0:13:44 > 0:13:46We're not good at that.
0:13:46 > 0:13:49It's Namaste. Right, ten points for this.
0:13:49 > 0:13:53In which epistolary novel of 1782 does the married
0:13:53 > 0:13:57and deeply virtuous Madame de Tourvel become the victim of...?
0:13:58 > 0:14:01- Les Liaisons Dangereuses.- Correct.
0:14:05 > 0:14:09Right, these bonuses are on German scientists.
0:14:09 > 0:14:11Good, thank you(!)
0:14:11 > 0:14:13We've got one on our team, somewhere.
0:14:13 > 0:14:17Which German theoretical physicist won the 1932 Nobel Prize
0:14:17 > 0:14:21for Physics for "the creation of quantum mechanics"?
0:14:32 > 0:14:35- Eh, Heisenberg. - Heisenberg is correct, yes.
0:14:35 > 0:14:40Felix Hoffmann first synthesised acetylsalicylic acid in a form
0:14:40 > 0:14:43that was suitable for medical use in 1987.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46Under what name did the German company Bayer market it?
0:14:46 > 0:14:48- Aspirin.- Correct.
0:14:48 > 0:14:52Born 1773, which German geologist gives his name to the scale
0:14:52 > 0:14:55he developed for comparing the hardness of minerals?
0:15:02 > 0:15:05- Carat?- No, it was Friedrich Mohs.
0:15:05 > 0:15:07Right, we're going to take a music round now.
0:15:07 > 0:15:11For your music starter, you'll hear a well-known Christmas carol.
0:15:11 > 0:15:13Ten points if you can name the singer.
0:15:13 > 0:15:16MUSIC: "Silent Night"
0:15:18 > 0:15:20- Placido Domingo.- Correct.
0:15:23 > 0:15:25That was his version of Silent Night.
0:15:25 > 0:15:27For your bonuses, you'll hear three more tenors performing
0:15:27 > 0:15:31Christmas standards, five points for each singer you can identify.
0:15:31 > 0:15:32The first is Italian.
0:15:32 > 0:15:35MUSIC: "O Holy Night"
0:15:37 > 0:15:41- Enrico Caruso.- Correct. Secondly, this Welsh singer.
0:15:41 > 0:15:45MUSIC: "Come All Ye Faithful"
0:15:45 > 0:15:46Bryn Terfel.
0:15:46 > 0:15:50No, that's Harry Secombe and, finally, another Italian singer.
0:15:50 > 0:15:55MUSIC: "Angels We Have Heard On High"
0:16:05 > 0:16:07- Andrea Bocelli.- Correct.
0:16:07 > 0:16:08Ten points for this.
0:16:08 > 0:16:12What descending sequence of numbers links Mendelssohn's
0:16:12 > 0:16:16Reformation Symphony, Schubert's Tragic and Beethoven's Eroica?
0:16:19 > 0:16:21- Five, four, three.- Correct.
0:16:21 > 0:16:24APPLAUSE
0:16:25 > 0:16:29Gonville and Caius, your bonuses this time are on philosopher MPs.
0:16:29 > 0:16:30Which Dublin-born philosopher
0:16:30 > 0:16:35and political theorist was the MP for Bristol from 1774 to 1780, but
0:16:35 > 0:16:40alienated voters due to his support for improved rights for Catholics?
0:16:40 > 0:16:41- Edmund Burke.- Correct.
0:16:41 > 0:16:44In 1867, which philosopher
0:16:44 > 0:16:47and MP for Westminster forced a debate on an amendment to Disraeli's
0:16:47 > 0:16:50suffrage bill, proposing the substitution of the word
0:16:50 > 0:16:54"person" for "men"? He later published The Subjection of Women.
0:16:56 > 0:16:59- Dilk?- No, it's John Stuart Mill. - Of course it is.
0:16:59 > 0:17:04Created Baron Verulam in 1618, which philosopher had previously been
0:17:04 > 0:17:08the MP for several places including Liverpool, Middlesex and St Albans?
0:17:11 > 0:17:13- Bacon.- Francis Bacon is correct.
0:17:13 > 0:17:14Ten points for this.
0:17:14 > 0:17:17Which water-soluble polysaccharide is found in the cell walls
0:17:17 > 0:17:21of some ripe fruits and, when the fruit is cooked,
0:17:21 > 0:17:23acts as a thickening agent for jellies and jams?
0:17:24 > 0:17:26- Pectin.- Correct.
0:17:29 > 0:17:30You're obviously a jam-maker.
0:17:30 > 0:17:33You've got a set of bonuses, Gonville and Caius,
0:17:33 > 0:17:36on Tennessee Williams. Tennessee Williams won two Pulitzer prizes.
0:17:36 > 0:17:41One was in 1948 for A Streetcar Named Desire, the other in 1955
0:17:41 > 0:17:46for which play set in the plantation home of a wealthy cotton magnate?
0:17:46 > 0:17:47- Cat On A Hot Tin Roof.- Correct.
0:17:47 > 0:17:50In the 1968 film Boom!, adapted from Williams'
0:17:50 > 0:17:53play The Milk Train Doesn't Stop Here Anymore,
0:17:53 > 0:17:57the character of the Witch of Capri was played by which English
0:17:57 > 0:17:59playwright, actor and composer?
0:18:04 > 0:18:06I think that one escapes us.
0:18:06 > 0:18:08- That's Noel Coward.- Of course it is.
0:18:08 > 0:18:10I love the way you say, "Of course it is."
0:18:10 > 0:18:13It's easier when you've been told the answer, isn't it?
0:18:13 > 0:18:16Williams gave his own first name Thomas or Tom to the
0:18:16 > 0:18:20protagonist of which play, first staged in 1944?
0:18:20 > 0:18:22It was his first major success
0:18:22 > 0:18:25and was based in part on his earlier screenplay The Gentleman Caller.
0:18:27 > 0:18:29No, we don't know.
0:18:29 > 0:18:30That was The Glass Menagerie.
0:18:30 > 0:18:33Of course it was(!) Ten points for this.
0:18:33 > 0:18:36What is the only continent whose name can be typed
0:18:36 > 0:18:40using the top row of characters on a standard QWERTY keyboard?
0:18:42 > 0:18:44Asia.
0:18:45 > 0:18:47Anyone like to buzz from Christ Church?
0:18:51 > 0:18:53- Europe.- Correct.
0:18:57 > 0:19:01Right, your bonuses this time, Christ Church, are on minerals.
0:19:01 > 0:19:03- Also known...- Not German scientists?
0:19:03 > 0:19:05LAUGHTER
0:19:05 > 0:19:08Also known as common or rock salt, what is
0:19:08 > 0:19:12the name of the naturally-occurring form of sodium chloride?
0:19:12 > 0:19:13Saltpetre?
0:19:15 > 0:19:16Salt?
0:19:16 > 0:19:18No, it's halite.
0:19:18 > 0:19:22Halite occurs in close association with which mineral of hydrated
0:19:22 > 0:19:23calcium sulphate?
0:19:23 > 0:19:26It occurs in compact form as alabaster.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33If you know, you say.
0:19:33 > 0:19:34Lyme?
0:19:34 > 0:19:36No, it's gypsum. And finally,
0:19:36 > 0:19:39which mineral of calcium sulphate differs from gypsum to which it
0:19:39 > 0:19:43alters in humid conditions by having no water of crystallization?
0:19:48 > 0:19:52- Marble.- Marble?- Yeah.
0:19:52 > 0:19:53It's anhydrite.
0:19:53 > 0:19:56Right, we're going to take another picture round.
0:19:56 > 0:19:58You're going to see an engraving of a British scientist.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00Ten points if you can give me his name, please.
0:20:02 > 0:20:05- Faraday.- It is Michael Faraday, yes.
0:20:08 > 0:20:10As you know, he established
0:20:10 > 0:20:13the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures in 1825,
0:20:13 > 0:20:16with the aim of introducing young audiences to scientific
0:20:16 > 0:20:19subjects through spectacular demonstrations.
0:20:19 > 0:20:21Bonuses are three more scientists who've given
0:20:21 > 0:20:23the Royal Institution Christmas Lecture since then.
0:20:23 > 0:20:25Five points for each one you can identify.
0:20:25 > 0:20:30Firstly, this American scientist who gave his lecture in 1977.
0:20:34 > 0:20:36- It's Carl Sagan.- Stafford-Fraser.
0:20:36 > 0:20:38- Carl Sagan.- It is Carl Sagan.
0:20:38 > 0:20:43Secondly, this British scientist who gave lectures in 1937 and 1957.
0:20:48 > 0:20:51THEY CONFER
0:20:55 > 0:20:57Francis Crick.
0:20:57 > 0:20:59- No, it's Julian Huxley. - Of course it is.
0:20:59 > 0:21:00And finally... Of course it is.
0:21:00 > 0:21:04This British scientist who gave his lectures in 2006?
0:21:11 > 0:21:13- Marcus de Sautoy.- Correct.
0:21:13 > 0:21:17Another starter question now, listen carefully, then answer promptly.
0:21:17 > 0:21:19The town of Huddersfield is synonymous
0:21:19 > 0:21:21with fine woollen manufacture.
0:21:21 > 0:21:26Give the dictionary spelling of the word "woollen" in this sentence.
0:21:30 > 0:21:32I think this is a trick question.
0:21:32 > 0:21:34W-O-O-L-L-E-N?
0:21:34 > 0:21:35Correct.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41- Of course it is.- I'd grab it, if it's there, if I were you.
0:21:41 > 0:21:43LAUGHTER
0:21:44 > 0:21:48These bonuses are on extinct Germanic languages.
0:21:48 > 0:21:51LAUGHTER
0:21:51 > 0:21:55In each case, identify the language from the description.
0:21:55 > 0:21:59Give the two-word name of the parent language of Icelandic, Norwegian
0:21:59 > 0:22:00and Faroese.
0:22:00 > 0:22:04It's the literary language of the Skaldic poems and Eders.
0:22:12 > 0:22:14- Old Norse?- Correct.- Yes.
0:22:14 > 0:22:17A language spoken in the Middle Ages, secondly, in Caithness.
0:22:17 > 0:22:19It was also used in Shetland
0:22:19 > 0:22:22and Orkney where it is thought to have survived until 1800.
0:22:24 > 0:22:26- Old Gaelic?- No, that's Norn.
0:22:26 > 0:22:29And finally, an East Germanic language,
0:22:29 > 0:22:33known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy
0:22:33 > 0:22:37of a 4th-century translation of the Bible by Bishop Ulfilas.
0:22:40 > 0:22:41Hunnish?
0:22:43 > 0:22:45No, it's Gothic. Ten points for this.
0:22:47 > 0:22:51What seven-letter term describes a solution of a metal in mercury,
0:22:51 > 0:22:54until recently, widely used by dentists when filling teeth?
0:22:55 > 0:22:57- Amalgam.- Amalgam is correct.
0:22:59 > 0:23:03Your bonuses are linked by Christmas tree decorations,
0:23:03 > 0:23:04Gonville and Caius.
0:23:04 > 0:23:06"Consideration like an angel came
0:23:06 > 0:23:08"and whipped the offending Adam out of him."
0:23:08 > 0:23:10Spoken by the Archbishop of Canterbury,
0:23:10 > 0:23:13these words refer to which of Shakespeare's kings of England?
0:23:19 > 0:23:21THEY CONFER
0:23:28 > 0:23:31- King John.- No, it's Henry V.
0:23:31 > 0:23:32Of course it is.
0:23:32 > 0:23:34"Take away that fool's bauble."
0:23:34 > 0:23:37To what symbol of state did those words of Oliver Cromwell refer?
0:23:42 > 0:23:43- The Mace.- Correct.
0:23:43 > 0:23:47And finally for five points, "Bright star, would I were steadfast
0:23:47 > 0:23:51"as thou art." This line begins a sonnet by which Romantic poet?
0:24:08 > 0:24:09- Coleridge.- No, it was Keats.
0:24:09 > 0:24:12Of course it was. Ten points for this.
0:24:12 > 0:24:16What given name links the Prince of Orange from 1585 to 1625,
0:24:16 > 0:24:19the composer of the ballet Daphnis and Chloe,
0:24:19 > 0:24:24and a novel by EM Forster, published posthumously in 1971?
0:24:25 > 0:24:27- Maurice.- Correct.
0:24:29 > 0:24:32Right, your bonuses are on food plants, Gonville and Caius.
0:24:32 > 0:24:35What is the common name of the vegetable
0:24:35 > 0:24:39that consists of the small, compact buds of Brassica oleracea?
0:24:42 > 0:24:44- Brussels sprouts.- Correct.
0:24:44 > 0:24:48Pastinaca sativa is the binomial of which winter root vegetable
0:24:48 > 0:24:49of the parsley family?
0:25:03 > 0:25:05- Parsnips.- Parsnips is right.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10Salvia officinalis and Allium cepa are often found together
0:25:10 > 0:25:12in a traditional roast dinner.
0:25:12 > 0:25:15- By what names are they commonly known?- Garlic and sage.
0:25:15 > 0:25:16No, it's sage and onion.
0:25:18 > 0:25:20Right, ten points for this.
0:25:20 > 0:25:25Quasi Una Fantasia was the original title of a sonata of 1801 in C-sharp
0:25:25 > 0:25:30minor, opus 27, number 2, now usually known by what familiar name?
0:25:32 > 0:25:33Fantasia?
0:25:33 > 0:25:35No, Gonville and Caius, one of you buzz.
0:25:39 > 0:25:42- Moonlight?- Yes, the Moonlight's Sonata is correct.
0:25:42 > 0:25:47Your bonuses are on archaeological sites in Turkey.
0:25:47 > 0:25:50Firstly for five points, Hisarlik is the name of the archaeological
0:25:50 > 0:25:53mound generally believed to be located at the site of which
0:25:53 > 0:25:58ancient city of western Turkey, also known as its Latin name Ilion?
0:25:59 > 0:26:00- Troy.- Correct.
0:26:00 > 0:26:02Which ancient city in western Turkey was the site of the
0:26:02 > 0:26:06Temple of Artemis, one of the seven Wonders of the Ancient World?
0:26:14 > 0:26:15- Ephesus.- Correct.
0:26:15 > 0:26:18Containing many artefacts from the ancient city of Pergamon,
0:26:18 > 0:26:22the Pergamon Museum is in which European capital?
0:26:22 > 0:26:23Berlin.
0:26:23 > 0:26:26Berlin is right. Ten points for this.
0:26:26 > 0:26:29The English name of which major world river rhymes with words
0:26:29 > 0:26:34meaning fluids stored in the gall bladder and...?
0:26:34 > 0:26:36- Nile.- Nile is correct.
0:26:39 > 0:26:41Rhymes with bile.
0:26:41 > 0:26:44Your bonuses this time, Gonville and Caius, are on classical music.
0:26:44 > 0:26:48Begun in 1866, Winter Daydreams is a name often given to which
0:26:48 > 0:26:51composer's Symphony number 1 in G-minor, opus 13?
0:26:53 > 0:26:54- Tchaikovsky.- Correct.
0:26:54 > 0:26:58Snow Behind The Window and Waltz On The Ice are movements
0:26:58 > 0:27:03in Winter Bonfire, a 1950 work by which Russian composer?
0:27:13 > 0:27:15- Prokofiev.- Correct.
0:27:15 > 0:27:18A set of poems about lost love by the German lyric poet
0:27:18 > 0:27:19Wilhelm Muller,
0:27:19 > 0:27:24the 1827 song cycle Winterreise or Winter Journey is by which composer?
0:27:24 > 0:27:27- Franz Schubert. - Correct, ten points for this.
0:27:27 > 0:27:29Answer as soon as your name is called.
0:27:29 > 0:27:30In pre-decimal currency,
0:27:30 > 0:27:33what fraction of a pound was 15 shillings?
0:27:36 > 0:27:38- Three quarters.- Correct.
0:27:42 > 0:27:46Right, your bonuses are on the actor Spencer Tracy.
0:27:47 > 0:27:51Tracy won an Oscar for Best Actor in which 1938 film,
0:27:51 > 0:27:53loosely based on Father Edward J Flanagan,
0:27:53 > 0:27:56the founder of an orphanage in Nebraska?
0:28:02 > 0:28:04- Angels With Dirty Faces? - No, it's Boys Town.
0:28:04 > 0:28:06Directed by John Sturgess,
0:28:06 > 0:28:09in which 1955 film does Tracy play a one-armed ex-soldier
0:28:09 > 0:28:12who arrives in a small desert town,
0:28:12 > 0:28:14seeking to discover the fate of his former comrade's father?
0:28:14 > 0:28:16GONG CRASHES
0:28:17 > 0:28:20It was indeed Bad Day At Black Rock.
0:28:20 > 0:28:21APPLAUSE
0:28:23 > 0:28:26Well, thanks very much for taking part, Christ Church.
0:28:26 > 0:28:28I don't think we're going to be seeing you again.
0:28:28 > 0:28:32You can spend more time with books about German scientists, perhaps.
0:28:32 > 0:28:34Gonville and Caius, that is the highest score
0:28:34 > 0:28:37so far in this first round of the contest, so we shall be seeing
0:28:37 > 0:28:40you, I think, in the next stage, in the semifinals.
0:28:40 > 0:28:41Thank you very much.
0:28:41 > 0:28:42I hope you can join us
0:28:42 > 0:28:45next time for another of these first round Christmas matches,
0:28:45 > 0:28:49but meanwhile, feast your eyes on how kind time has been to this lot.
0:28:49 > 0:28:51Goodbye.
0:28:51 > 0:28:53APPLAUSE