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0:00:00 > 0:00:02- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:00:12 > 0:00:15- "I do not have a speech...
0:00:15 > 0:00:21- "..but merely words of address - to welcome you."
0:00:21 > 0:00:26- David Lloyd George was one - of the most notable, colourful...
0:00:26 > 0:00:30- ..and complex politicians - of the 20th century.
0:00:30 > 0:00:34- He's the only Welshman - to be the British Prime Minister.
0:00:34 > 0:00:38- The story of Lloyd George - is truly extraordinary.
0:00:39 > 0:00:44- This lad from Llanystumdwy who had - very little formal education...
0:00:44 > 0:00:47- ..got the most important job - in the land.
0:00:49 > 0:00:52- He was a local lad to some extend.
0:00:52 > 0:00:57- He loved Llanystumdwy, Porthmadog - and Criccieth but it wasn't enough.
0:00:59 > 0:01:02- Lloyd George - was a dynamo of a man...
0:01:03 > 0:01:05- ..full of enthusiasm and energy.
0:01:05 > 0:01:08- He influenced everyone around him.
0:01:12 > 0:01:15- He had a great deal - of political imagination.
0:01:16 > 0:01:18- He was a true radical...
0:01:18 > 0:01:23- ..who differed from his counterparts - of his time.
0:01:25 > 0:01:29- But for me - and the rest of my family...
0:01:29 > 0:01:34- ..he's more than a politician, - a radical and man who won the war.
0:01:34 > 0:01:36- He's our Uncle Dafydd.
0:01:50 > 0:01:53- I'm Manon George, - a descendent of Lloyd George.
0:01:54 > 0:01:58- It's 100 years since he became - the British Prime Minister...
0:01:58 > 0:02:02- ..and the family has been invited - to a party in London...
0:02:02 > 0:02:06- ..so it's the perfect time - to learn more about my great uncle.
0:02:06 > 0:02:12- I'll visit his haunts and listen to - his voice to learn more about him.
0:02:12 > 0:02:15- There's no better place to start - than home...
0:02:15 > 0:02:18- ..in Criccieth and Llanystumdwy.
0:02:29 > 0:02:35- Lloyd George carved his initials - on this bridge at Llanystumdwy.
0:02:35 > 0:02:39- It's something that reminds us...
0:02:39 > 0:02:42- ..that this is where - his story began.
0:02:50 > 0:02:52- We might be related...
0:02:52 > 0:02:57- ..and I mix in a similar circle - as a lecturer in law in Cardiff...
0:02:57 > 0:03:00- ..but I know very little - about Lloyd George.
0:03:01 > 0:03:05- On this journey, I'll meet people - who will enlighten me...
0:03:05 > 0:03:10- ..starting with the local - historian, Professor Merfyn Jones.
0:03:10 > 0:03:13- It's an important place - in the life of Lloyd George.
0:03:15 > 0:03:18- This is Highgate.
0:03:18 > 0:03:20- You've been here before.
0:03:20 > 0:03:23- Yes, I've been here many times...
0:03:23 > 0:03:26- ..but I've doubled in height - since my last visit...
0:03:26 > 0:03:29- ..so it feels much smaller.
0:03:29 > 0:03:33- It's an incredible experience - to come inside this house.
0:03:34 > 0:03:36- It is very small...
0:03:37 > 0:03:40- ..but bigger than - the average cottage at that time.
0:03:40 > 0:03:44- It's a small house - to all intents and purposes.
0:03:44 > 0:03:50- We can see a picture of Gladstone - who had a very different upbringing.
0:03:50 > 0:03:55- What would Gladstone have thought - of Lloyd George's first home?
0:03:55 > 0:03:59- I suspect Gladstone's servants - had better homes than this one.
0:03:59 > 0:04:05- Having said that, they obviously - lived here quite comfortably.
0:04:05 > 0:04:10- Lloyd George - wasn't as poor as he portrayed.
0:04:11 > 0:04:15- He was from a relatively - underprivileged background...
0:04:15 > 0:04:19- ..but there people much poorer - than Lloyd George.
0:04:19 > 0:04:23- I think it's quite incredible...
0:04:23 > 0:04:28- ..that he had such - a normal upbringing at that time.
0:04:29 > 0:04:33- Lloyd George - was only a small baby...
0:04:34 > 0:04:38- ..when he came to live in this house - with his uncle.
0:04:39 > 0:04:41- Richard Lloyd was a special man.
0:04:42 > 0:04:44- Yes, he was a very special man.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48- You could argue - that if it wasn't for this man...
0:04:48 > 0:04:52- ..then Lloyd George - would not have been as successful.
0:04:54 > 0:04:55- This was a house...
0:04:56 > 0:05:00- ..that saw a lot of discussions, - learning and reading.
0:05:00 > 0:05:05- This formed the foundation that - was very important to Lloyd George.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09- He was a man who was quick-thinking.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11- He absorbed information.
0:05:11 > 0:05:15- Throughout his career - as a solicitor and a politician...
0:05:15 > 0:05:17- ..those were important traits.
0:05:18 > 0:05:20- And this is where...
0:05:20 > 0:05:22- And this is where...- - ..it all started.
0:05:22 > 0:05:27- These talents - were incredibly important...
0:05:27 > 0:05:29- ..during his career.
0:05:38 > 0:05:41- Criccieth plays a part - in both of our lives.
0:05:41 > 0:05:45- It's where I was raised - and Lloyd George lived here.
0:05:46 > 0:05:51- My family lives here and I can't - visit Criccieth without seeing Nain!
0:05:51 > 0:05:56- Nain was the daughter-in-law - of William, Lloyd George's brother.
0:05:56 > 0:06:01- She knows better than anyone that - family is important in this story.
0:06:02 > 0:06:03- Look at that.
0:06:03 > 0:06:06- Bryn Awelon, Criccieth - and 11 Downing Street.
0:06:07 > 0:06:07- Quite a contrast.
0:06:07 > 0:06:08- Quite a contrast.- - Yes.
0:06:09 > 0:06:14- Uncle David apparently rode - to your Hen-Taid every day.
0:06:14 > 0:06:16- That's a Christmas card.
0:06:16 > 0:06:20- "Wishing you and yours a Merry - Christmas and a Happy New Year."
0:06:21 > 0:06:23- It brings it home, as well...
0:06:24 > 0:06:26- ..how much of an achievement - it was...
0:06:26 > 0:06:30- ..going from Llanystumdwy to London.
0:06:30 > 0:06:33- You knew my Hen-Taid very well.
0:06:33 > 0:06:35- Indeed.
0:06:35 > 0:06:36- He was lovely.
0:06:37 > 0:06:40- Did they talk much - about David Lloyd George?
0:06:40 > 0:06:43- He was always in the conversation.
0:06:44 > 0:06:49- He talked more about it - as he got older.
0:06:49 > 0:06:51- How can I say it?
0:06:51 > 0:06:54- He had slight dementia.
0:06:54 > 0:06:58- He wanted to know, for instance, - in the evenings...
0:06:58 > 0:07:02- ..he said, "well, is David home?"
0:07:03 > 0:07:05- I said, "yes."
0:07:05 > 0:07:07- "Is Mam in bed?"
0:07:07 > 0:07:08- "Yes."
0:07:08 > 0:07:10- "What about Elin?"
0:07:10 > 0:07:12- I said, "she's in bed as well."
0:07:12 > 0:07:15- "Have you put a candle - in the window?"
0:07:15 > 0:07:16- I said, "yes."
0:07:16 > 0:07:19- "Alright, we can all go to bed."
0:07:23 > 0:07:27- It's difficult to know - the actual extend of the decision...
0:07:28 > 0:07:33- ..made by the family to sustain - Lloyd George during his success.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37- It was a political machine.
0:07:37 > 0:07:41- He was going to succeed - on the political stage...
0:07:41 > 0:07:44- ..and he did that - at a very young age.
0:07:44 > 0:07:48- In the early years, - he relied heavily on his family...
0:07:48 > 0:07:53- ..both emotionally, culturally, - politically and financially.
0:07:57 > 0:08:01- He was a star pupil - and became a solicitor.
0:08:01 > 0:08:05- In 1890, he was elected as the MP - for the Caernarfon Boroughs.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10- He represented that constituency - for 55 years.
0:08:12 > 0:08:18- My great-grandfather, his brother, - William, stayed in Porthmadog...
0:08:18 > 0:08:23- ..to run the business and - fund his brother's life in London.
0:08:23 > 0:08:27- And Dad is a solicitor - in that same office.
0:08:29 > 0:08:31- This is the attic of the office.
0:08:32 > 0:08:35- Everything was brought up here - over the years.
0:08:35 > 0:08:39- They date back to Lloyd George - and my grandfather.
0:08:40 > 0:08:41- Look at these.
0:08:41 > 0:08:44- They are copies of Hansard.
0:08:44 > 0:08:47- When he was elected to Parliament...
0:08:47 > 0:08:49- ..MPs were not paid.
0:08:49 > 0:08:51- He needed to earn a living.
0:08:51 > 0:08:57- During the recesses, Lloyd George - came back to work in this office.
0:08:57 > 0:09:00- My grandfather told me...
0:09:00 > 0:09:06- ..that he was very opinionated - and quite argumentative.
0:09:06 > 0:09:07- What's this?
0:09:08 > 0:09:12- This book - was presented to my grandfather.
0:09:13 > 0:09:18- He got first class honours - in his exams to become a solicitor.
0:09:18 > 0:09:20- This was an incredible feat...
0:09:21 > 0:09:24- ..as he didn't - have a lot of formal education.
0:09:25 > 0:09:29- He left the school at Llanystumdwy - when he 16 years old.
0:09:29 > 0:09:33- Do we know where Lloyd George - finished in his class?
0:09:33 > 0:09:35- He didn't have first class honours!
0:09:35 > 0:09:40- My great-grandfather - did better in the exams...
0:09:40 > 0:09:43- ..but his brother - went further in life.
0:09:43 > 0:09:47- Yes, but they were strong believers - in divine providence.
0:09:48 > 0:09:51- Richard Lloyd, their uncle...
0:09:51 > 0:09:55- ..thought Lloyd George was - put on this Earth for a reason...
0:09:55 > 0:09:58- ..and that he would do good deeds.
0:09:58 > 0:10:02- My grandfather - would support his brother...
0:10:02 > 0:10:04- ..and do whatever was needed...
0:10:04 > 0:10:10- ..to make sure Lloyd George achieved - all that God had set out for him.
0:10:10 > 0:10:12- That is what they believed.
0:10:12 > 0:10:16- Did anyone outside - the immediate family...
0:10:17 > 0:10:22- ..know that Lloyd George's brother - helped him to further his career?
0:10:22 > 0:10:24- I don't think so.
0:10:25 > 0:10:29- It is revealed in the articles - that were written when he was 100...
0:10:29 > 0:10:33- ..but it was a long time to wait - for any recognition.
0:10:33 > 0:10:36- I just happened upon this.
0:10:36 > 0:10:42- My grandfather was interviewed by - The Sunday Times in February 1965.
0:10:42 > 0:10:47- "Does he ever regret not following - his brother into the wider world?"
0:10:47 > 0:10:48- "Not a bit.
0:10:48 > 0:10:50- "It wasn't in my line at all.
0:10:50 > 0:10:55- "Dafydd had it in his blood. - I didn't. I couldn't have done it."
0:10:56 > 0:10:58- "He followed the high road.
0:10:58 > 0:11:00- "I followed the low road."
0:11:00 > 0:11:03- Both roads were just as good - as each other...
0:11:04 > 0:11:08- ..but one brought national - and international attention...
0:11:08 > 0:11:11- ..but he made his mark - in the local area.
0:11:16 > 0:11:19- Sorry, I'm getting emotional now.
0:11:20 > 0:11:23- And a small part of me...
0:11:23 > 0:11:27- ..feels that I don't - appreciate things enough.
0:11:27 > 0:11:32- I don't appreciate - all that my great-grandfather did...
0:11:32 > 0:11:34- ..to support his brother.
0:11:34 > 0:11:36- And that's...
0:11:38 > 0:11:41- It's incredible - and makes him a very special man.
0:11:49 > 0:11:50- .
0:11:51 > 0:11:51- Subtitles
0:11:51 > 0:11:53- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:11:58 > 0:12:00- I'm Manon George.
0:12:00 > 0:12:06- I want to learn about my great - uncle, Dafydd or David Lloyd George.
0:12:06 > 0:12:11- I want to scratch beneath - the surface to get to know the man.
0:12:11 > 0:12:13- This ordinary Welshman...
0:12:13 > 0:12:18- ..who became the Prime Minister - of Great Britain 100 years ago.
0:12:18 > 0:12:22- He was consistent in two things.
0:12:22 > 0:12:25- The first was a sense - of Welsh nationality...
0:12:25 > 0:12:31- ..and the second was the reformation - of the landlord system in Wales.
0:12:31 > 0:12:35- Both of those beliefs - stem directly...
0:12:35 > 0:12:39- ..from the culture of the area - in which he was raised.
0:12:43 > 0:12:47- Lloyd George - was a very accommodating man.
0:12:47 > 0:12:52- He spoke to everyone and listened - to what people had to tell him.
0:12:52 > 0:12:55- He listened - to the opinions of others...
0:12:55 > 0:12:59- ..before reaching - his own conclusions.
0:13:01 > 0:13:03- One of my first memories...
0:13:04 > 0:13:07- ..of my family's link - with Lloyd George...
0:13:07 > 0:13:10- ..is standing next his grave - with my sister, Gwenno.
0:13:11 > 0:13:15- We were wearing floral dresses - and it was 50 years since his death.
0:13:15 > 0:13:19- I remember thinking that - he must have been an important man.
0:13:19 > 0:13:24- My family's link with Lloyd George - has always been prominent.
0:13:24 > 0:13:28- But the thing - I have to think about now...
0:13:28 > 0:13:33- ..is the importance of the family - and Welsh roots to him...
0:13:34 > 0:13:39- ..as he made a name for himself - on the British stage.
0:13:48 > 0:13:53- I've come to the National Library - to meet John Graham Jones.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56- I want to know - about Lloyd George's character...
0:13:56 > 0:13:59- ..his close relationship - with Wales...
0:13:59 > 0:14:03- ..and his desire to be - an international politician.
0:14:12 > 0:14:15- He wasn't a great fan - of writing letters.
0:14:15 > 0:14:18- He wasn't a keen correspondent...
0:14:19 > 0:14:23- ..and sent few letters to - his close friends and politicians.
0:14:23 > 0:14:27- This is a very interesting letter.
0:14:27 > 0:14:32- It's from - the start of January in 1904.
0:14:32 > 0:14:33- "If it comes off...
0:14:34 > 0:14:37- "..he says I am certain - to have a seat in the Cabinet."
0:14:37 > 0:14:39- Others said the same.
0:14:39 > 0:14:43- "Told him I must bargain for Wales."
0:14:43 > 0:14:44- That is interesting.
0:14:45 > 0:14:51- He claims that the matters of Wales - were still important to him.
0:14:51 > 0:14:53- He thought a seat in the Cabinet...
0:14:53 > 0:14:56- ..was like a seat - to represent Wales.
0:14:57 > 0:14:59- Yes, to some extent.
0:14:59 > 0:15:03- As a backbencher, - did he do his best for Wales?
0:15:04 > 0:15:09- I do think that he highlighted - Welsh issues in his speeches...
0:15:09 > 0:15:13- ..and subjects that were important - to his constituents.
0:15:13 > 0:15:19- This included land reforms, the - harbour in Criccieth and fishing.
0:15:20 > 0:15:24- He did highlight a lot - of these issues in the early days.
0:15:24 > 0:15:27- Do you think that he used Wales...
0:15:27 > 0:15:31- ..to help him further his career?
0:15:31 > 0:15:35- I don't doubt his sincerity - in those early days.
0:15:36 > 0:15:41- He was committed to Welsh matters - and issues concerning Wales...
0:15:41 > 0:15:46- ..with the disestablishment of the - Church, education and temperance.
0:15:47 > 0:15:51- Advancing his career came first - and Wales came second.
0:15:57 > 0:16:00- "I am one of the children - of the people.
0:16:01 > 0:16:06- "I was brought up amongst them and - I know their trials and troubles.
0:16:06 > 0:16:08- "I therefore..."
0:16:09 > 0:16:12- One of the interesting things - about Lloyd George...
0:16:13 > 0:16:18- ..is that he was very proud - to be from Wales...
0:16:18 > 0:16:21- ..to be a Welsh speaker - and a Nonconformist.
0:16:21 > 0:16:24- In his early years - as a politician...
0:16:24 > 0:16:28- ..he somehow embodied all that.
0:16:28 > 0:16:30- In those early years...
0:16:31 > 0:16:35- ..all of that - became an integral part...
0:16:35 > 0:16:38- ..of Lloyd George's politics.
0:16:40 > 0:16:43- He was obviously an ambitious man...
0:16:44 > 0:16:49- ..who was able to campaign - on a whole variety of subjects.
0:16:50 > 0:16:54- But he also attracted - a lot of attention...
0:16:55 > 0:16:58- ..for the sorts of campaigns - that he supported.
0:16:58 > 0:17:01- Being unpopular didn't bother him.
0:17:01 > 0:17:06- And to that extent, it helped him - to create this character...
0:17:07 > 0:17:09- ..that other politicians - didn't possess.
0:17:16 > 0:17:19- As a result of my interest - in politics...
0:17:19 > 0:17:24- ..Lloyd George's relationship with - Wales is something I often consider.
0:17:24 > 0:17:29- He was the voice of the national - revival, he opposed the Boer War...
0:17:29 > 0:17:32- ..and was a keen campaigner - against poverty.
0:17:33 > 0:17:35- As he broadened his horizons...
0:17:35 > 0:17:39- ..how much did his ethics - and relationship with people change?
0:17:40 > 0:17:44- Manon Jones specializes in the - history of his lifelong friend.
0:17:44 > 0:17:46- It's the journalist, D R Daniel.
0:17:48 > 0:17:52- What brought D R Daniel - and Lloyd George together?
0:17:52 > 0:17:56- I think that one of the reasons - that they became friends...
0:17:56 > 0:18:01- ..was that they shared political - ideas and were both radical.
0:18:01 > 0:18:05- D R Daniel saw something special - in Lloyd George.
0:18:05 > 0:18:10- At their first meeting, he noticed - that he was a sharp-minded person.
0:18:10 > 0:18:14- D R Daniel saw something special - in Lloyd George...
0:18:14 > 0:18:18- ..and thought he would go far - on the political stage.
0:18:18 > 0:18:20- Did they remain friends?
0:18:20 > 0:18:22- Did they remain friends?- - No, they didn't.
0:18:22 > 0:18:24- D R Daniel was a pacifist.
0:18:24 > 0:18:26- Just like Lloyd George at the start.
0:18:26 > 0:18:28- Just like Lloyd George at the start.- - Yes, exactly.
0:18:28 > 0:18:31- I suspect that - it became a stumbling block.
0:18:31 > 0:18:34- D R Daniel felt Lloyd George - had turned his back...
0:18:35 > 0:18:37- ..on the principles - they once shared.
0:18:38 > 0:18:40- They didn't write to each other...
0:18:40 > 0:18:46- ..but D R Daniel describes this time - in his diaries and note books.
0:18:46 > 0:18:52- He describes a meeting in September - 1914 when they discuss the war.
0:18:53 > 0:18:57- Lloyd George states that - it is a serious situation...
0:18:57 > 0:19:01- ..and he wouldn't support the war - if it wasn't for Belgium.
0:19:01 > 0:19:04- Once again, D R Daniel - refers to his belief...
0:19:05 > 0:19:10- ..that Lloyd George had worked hard - to gain his political power...
0:19:11 > 0:19:16- ..and didn't want to slide back to - where he stood during the Boer War.
0:19:16 > 0:19:21- It's an interesting relationship - and says a lot about Lloyd George.
0:19:22 > 0:19:28- Those principles formed the basis - of his radicalism...
0:19:28 > 0:19:30- ..at the start of his career.
0:19:30 > 0:19:36- Yet, he could turn his back on - those principles later in his life.
0:19:36 > 0:19:39- It's something I often think about.
0:19:39 > 0:19:42- Was he forced to turn his back - on those principles...
0:19:43 > 0:19:45- ..or was he willing to do it?
0:19:55 > 0:19:59- "We do not need - this exquisite songster in Wales.
0:19:59 > 0:20:02- "We can provide better.
0:20:02 > 0:20:06- "There is a bird in our villages...
0:20:06 > 0:20:09- "..that can beat the best of them.
0:20:09 > 0:20:14- "He's called Y Cyrmo."
0:20:16 > 0:20:19- He opposed World War I - in the early days...
0:20:19 > 0:20:25- ..but changed his opinion after - speaking and listening to people.
0:20:25 > 0:20:30- He did it out of principle and - felt it was the right thing to do.
0:20:30 > 0:20:32- People often forget...
0:20:33 > 0:20:38- ..that Lloyd George - was very stubborn and awkward...
0:20:38 > 0:20:44- ..cunning and convinced - that he was always right.
0:20:51 > 0:20:53- Lloyd George's name is everywhere!
0:20:54 > 0:20:59- There's about six signs - on this road...
0:20:59 > 0:21:02- ..between Cardiff Bay - and the city centre.
0:21:03 > 0:21:07- It was impossible to escape from - Lloyd George by moving to Cardiff.
0:21:07 > 0:21:12- He's everywhere in Llanystumdwy - and just as common in Cardiff...
0:21:13 > 0:21:16- ..with this avenue - and the statues in the city centre.
0:21:17 > 0:21:20- His name also graces the pavement - of New York.
0:21:20 > 0:21:24- There's a piece of him everywhere!
0:21:30 > 0:21:33- "The real purpose...
0:21:34 > 0:21:36- "..of this change...
0:21:37 > 0:21:41- "..is to divert the attention - of the people...
0:21:41 > 0:21:46- "..from the real evils - and the right remedies."
0:21:50 > 0:21:54- I can't comprehend - that I'm related to someone...
0:21:54 > 0:21:57- ..who still makes - a lasting impression.
0:21:57 > 0:22:01- There's a library of books about him - and pictures and clips online.
0:22:02 > 0:22:06- Something about him - continues to inspire.
0:22:07 > 0:22:12- I think any politician - who has had so much power...
0:22:12 > 0:22:17- ..and has done so much in his life - - both good and not so good...
0:22:17 > 0:22:20- ..creates an incredible drama.
0:22:20 > 0:22:23- There's a conflict - between him and others.
0:22:23 > 0:22:27- I'm full of admiration for him - but not for everything he did...
0:22:28 > 0:22:30- ..but he was an incredible man.
0:22:30 > 0:22:35- My grandfather heard him speak - and he never forgot it.
0:22:35 > 0:22:38- He had the audience - in the palm of his hand...
0:22:39 > 0:22:43- ..and everyone - was hanging on his every word.
0:22:43 > 0:22:44- Was he a performer?
0:22:45 > 0:22:49- Yes, and he had a unique manner - when in the House of Commons...
0:22:50 > 0:22:54- ..and speaking to people who - he felt had done something wrong.
0:22:54 > 0:22:58- The action and the phrase - were often disjointed.
0:22:59 > 0:23:01- He would say, "You did this.
0:23:01 > 0:23:02- "You."
0:23:04 > 0:23:08- And then he would point the finger, - so it was an action in itself.
0:23:08 > 0:23:12- These days, you would point - and speak at the same time.
0:23:12 > 0:23:16- He chose his words and actions - as if he was an actor on a stage.
0:23:17 > 0:23:19- "I remind myself - of my achievements...
0:23:20 > 0:23:23- "..as a lawyer, as a politician, - as a statesman.
0:23:24 > 0:23:28- "I was the first man from humble - beginnings to be Prime Minister.
0:23:28 > 0:23:31- "Before me, - they were the sons of privilege.
0:23:32 > 0:23:37- "I was the first in that position to - have English as a second language."
0:23:38 > 0:23:41- I'm sure Lloyd George - would love the fact...
0:23:41 > 0:23:44- ..that someone is portraying him - in a play.
0:23:44 > 0:23:48- That speaks volumes - in terms of a person's fame.
0:23:48 > 0:23:53- Few knew about the complexities - of his life until after his death.
0:23:53 > 0:23:55- I don't know if he'd be happy...
0:23:55 > 0:23:59- ..for people to hear about - every aspect of his life.
0:23:59 > 0:24:03- I'd like to ask your opinion - of Lloyd George...
0:24:03 > 0:24:06- ..after getting - a deeper understanding of him.
0:24:06 > 0:24:12- I wish I could have met him - and spoken to him for five minutes.
0:24:12 > 0:24:16- "I pursued the Great War - to its bitter end...
0:24:16 > 0:24:18- "..until we had our victory.
0:24:19 > 0:24:22- "I tell myself - I did all these things.
0:24:23 > 0:24:24- "I did."
0:24:27 > 0:24:28- .
0:24:29 > 0:24:29- Subtitles
0:24:29 > 0:24:31- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:24:46 > 0:24:50- "Why should we not sing - during the war?
0:24:51 > 0:24:57- "Why especially should we not sing - at this stage of the war?
0:24:58 > 0:25:03- "The blinds of Britain - are not down yet...
0:25:03 > 0:25:06- "..nor are they likely to be.
0:25:06 > 0:25:10- "The honour of Britain is not dead."
0:25:16 > 0:25:20- David Lloyd George - could respond in a crisis...
0:25:20 > 0:25:23- ..and could elevate himself - as a result.
0:25:23 > 0:25:26- That is what makes him so different.
0:25:28 > 0:25:31- One of his many talents...
0:25:31 > 0:25:37- ..was that despite making enemies, - he was able to form friendships.
0:25:41 > 0:25:45- Lloyd George differed - from the MPs of the same era...
0:25:45 > 0:25:49- ..who had further education - and were wealthy.
0:25:49 > 0:25:52- And yet, he mixed with them - with confidence.
0:25:52 > 0:25:57- He was about my age when he arrived - in Westminster as an MP...
0:25:57 > 0:26:01- ..and I want to know - more about his life here.
0:26:13 > 0:26:16- There's an excitement - about this place.
0:26:17 > 0:26:22- It's incredible that a relative of - mine came here over 100 years ago...
0:26:22 > 0:26:26- ..first as an MP - before becoming Prime Minister...
0:26:27 > 0:26:30- ..and there's a statue of him - over there.
0:26:30 > 0:26:36- He's obviously thought of as one of - our influential Prime Ministers...
0:26:36 > 0:26:41- ..and is alongside Thatcher, - Atlee and Churchill.
0:26:41 > 0:26:43- And my relative is there too.
0:26:43 > 0:26:46- It's a very strange feeling.
0:26:52 > 0:26:55- He was a member - of the House of Commons...
0:26:55 > 0:26:59- ..and very prominent - within the Liberal Party...
0:26:59 > 0:27:02- ..when the Tories were in power.
0:27:03 > 0:27:07- But in 1906...
0:27:07 > 0:27:10- ..the Liberal Party - won the General Election...
0:27:10 > 0:27:14- ..and Lloyd George - got his seat in the Cabinet.
0:27:14 > 0:27:17- He was the President - of the Board of Trade.
0:27:17 > 0:27:21- He was later made - the Chancellor of the Exchequer...
0:27:21 > 0:27:27- ..and that was when he pursued some - of his more radical and new ideas.
0:27:32 > 0:27:35- It makes me feel - very proud of him...
0:27:36 > 0:27:39- ..and I can say - that I'm his descendent.
0:27:40 > 0:27:42- As he walked through those doors...
0:27:42 > 0:27:48- ..I wonder if he thought about my - great-grandfather or his brother...
0:27:48 > 0:27:54- ..who was working so hard to enable - him to come here in the first place.
0:27:54 > 0:27:57- I'd like to think - that it was something...
0:27:58 > 0:28:01- ..that was on his mind at the time.
0:28:09 > 0:28:12- The more I speak - about Lloyd George...
0:28:12 > 0:28:15- ..or watch archive footage - or read about him...
0:28:16 > 0:28:21- ..the more I realize that there was - a duality to his character.
0:28:22 > 0:28:25- On the one had, he was this - young man from Llanystumdwy...
0:28:26 > 0:28:30- ..who rose through the ranks to the - most powerful job in the country.
0:28:30 > 0:28:33- The great nationalist.
0:28:33 > 0:28:37- And yet, some claim - that he turned his back on Wales.
0:28:37 > 0:28:42- This family man who forgot them - when he came to London.
0:28:42 > 0:28:47- You also have the pacifist - who became The Man Who Won The War!
0:28:49 > 0:28:52- The question - that springs to mind now is...
0:28:53 > 0:28:55- ..was he a man who took advantage...
0:28:55 > 0:29:00- ..or a man who took advantage of the - opportunities that he was given?
0:29:01 > 0:29:02- Possibly a bit of both!
0:29:08 > 0:29:10- To find some answers...
0:29:10 > 0:29:15- ..I've come to the Reform Club at - Pall Mall to meet Sir Deian Hopkin.
0:29:16 > 0:29:19- Lloyd George - was a member of the club...
0:29:19 > 0:29:25- ..and this is where he discussed his - radical ideas about social reforms.
0:29:26 > 0:29:28- Shall I be mother, Manon?
0:29:28 > 0:29:29- Shall I be mother, Manon?- - Yes, please.
0:29:30 > 0:29:32- It shows that I can do it!
0:29:32 > 0:29:36- Women weren't allowed into the club - in the past.
0:29:36 > 0:29:38- It's different these days.
0:29:39 > 0:29:43- The journey from Criccieth to London - is quite a journey.
0:29:43 > 0:29:46- How did David Lloyd George - undertake it?
0:29:47 > 0:29:50- It's much easier these days.
0:29:50 > 0:29:55- I can't imagine the journey taken by - Lloyd George all those years ago.
0:29:55 > 0:29:56- It was exciting.
0:29:57 > 0:30:00- Yes, but it's also a mental journey.
0:30:00 > 0:30:02- You have this social distance.
0:30:03 > 0:30:06- The distance - between the society in Criccieth.
0:30:06 > 0:30:09- Look around this place - and the city as a whole.
0:30:10 > 0:30:13- It's so different - and almost like another planet.
0:30:13 > 0:30:16- Did he spend a lot of time here?
0:30:16 > 0:30:17- Did he spend a lot of time here?- - Yes, definitely.
0:30:17 > 0:30:22- Rumours suggest David Lloyd George - was uncomfortable in London society.
0:30:23 > 0:30:25- He created his own society.
0:30:25 > 0:30:30- He had Welsh friends from Wales - in London.
0:30:30 > 0:30:32- I have no doubt...
0:30:32 > 0:30:37- ..that he enjoyed the luxurious life - that London offered.
0:30:37 > 0:30:43- He has been highly criticized - for his treatment of his family...
0:30:43 > 0:30:48- ..and many chastised him - for possibly ignoring his family.
0:30:49 > 0:30:52- There was also his relationship - with Margaret.
0:30:52 > 0:30:57- Is that difficult to hear as someone - who is a member of his family?
0:30:57 > 0:30:59- It's the same with any politician.
0:31:00 > 0:31:03- He's loved by some - and hated by others.
0:31:04 > 0:31:08- Some people do focus on - the negative points of Lloyd George.
0:31:08 > 0:31:13- The most common reference - is towards his womanizing.
0:31:14 > 0:31:18- I hope people remember - all that he achieved too.
0:31:18 > 0:31:21- There isn't a lot of evidence...
0:31:21 > 0:31:25- ..to suggest that he went out - womanizing every night!
0:31:25 > 0:31:29- I suspect that the story - has been highly exaggerated.
0:31:30 > 0:31:34- His most progressive move at - that time was the People's Budget.
0:31:34 > 0:31:38- The name of the People's Budget - describes it to a tee.
0:31:39 > 0:31:44- These measures went beyond anything - that had been seen before.
0:31:45 > 0:31:49- It shows David Lloyd George's - acknowledgement...
0:31:49 > 0:31:52- ..of a social and economic crisis.
0:31:52 > 0:31:58- It was more important than securing - the privileged positions of others.
0:31:58 > 0:32:02- He wanted to take money - from one part of society...
0:32:02 > 0:32:04- ..and give it to another.
0:32:04 > 0:32:07- I think it was quite revolutionary.
0:32:13 > 0:32:16- I think these changes - would have come about...
0:32:17 > 0:32:21- ..under any Chancellor - of the Exchequer at that time...
0:32:21 > 0:32:25- ..but Lloyd George - was very assertive and radical.
0:32:25 > 0:32:28- He rushed things through Parliament.
0:32:28 > 0:32:30- That is what made him different.
0:32:30 > 0:32:36- Other politicians described him - as The Man of Push and Go!
0:32:42 > 0:32:45- "We are the richest country - in Europe.
0:32:46 > 0:32:50- "We pay the highest wages of any - country in Europe except Denmark...
0:32:50 > 0:32:54- "..which is also free trade.
0:32:54 > 0:32:58- "We've the lowest cost of living - of any country in the world."
0:33:04 > 0:33:06- Lloyd George's success - as Chancellor...
0:33:07 > 0:33:10- ..would have secured him a place - in the history books.
0:33:10 > 0:33:13- He gave us the state pension.
0:33:13 > 0:33:18- In December 1916, he was invited - to form a coalition government.
0:33:19 > 0:33:23- He was now Prime Minister - and a War Leader.
0:33:26 > 0:33:31- During World War I, he showed - that he could master the details...
0:33:31 > 0:33:34- ..and the ability - to stand his ground...
0:33:34 > 0:33:37- ..against all kinds - of important attacks.
0:33:38 > 0:33:44- He was also very successful - in taking charge of the generals...
0:33:44 > 0:33:49- ..and returning the control - of the war to the politicians.
0:33:50 > 0:33:53- He was a very different leader...
0:33:53 > 0:33:57- ..and unlike any - of his previous Prime Ministers.
0:33:57 > 0:34:02- A number of historians - over the years have said...
0:34:02 > 0:34:06- ..that Lloyd George was the man...
0:34:06 > 0:34:10- ..who created the modern politics - of the 20th century.
0:34:10 > 0:34:13- He was the leader - and had a small Cabinet.
0:34:13 > 0:34:16- He was surrounded by his people.
0:34:17 > 0:34:21- He brought people into Number Ten.
0:34:21 > 0:34:26- These people were the Garden Suburb - because they were in the garden!
0:34:26 > 0:34:29- He also understood the press.
0:34:29 > 0:34:34- Today, I'm sure he would understand - social media...
0:34:34 > 0:34:37- ..and how to use it.
0:34:37 > 0:34:40- He could influence the press...
0:34:40 > 0:34:44- ..directly through - the owners of the press.
0:34:45 > 0:34:48- He brought them into his office...
0:34:49 > 0:34:51- ..and his government.
0:34:55 > 0:34:57- David Lloyd George.
0:34:57 > 0:35:00- December 1916.
0:35:02 > 0:35:05- It's great to think - that 100 years ago...
0:35:05 > 0:35:11- ..that this house was full - and bustling with Welsh speakers.
0:35:11 > 0:35:17- The housekeeper and a lot - of the other staff all spoke Welsh.
0:35:17 > 0:35:22- I'm sure a lot of people in Wales - are proud of this fact.
0:35:27 > 0:35:30- I've been to London many times...
0:35:30 > 0:35:34- ..but this journey - has been very different.
0:35:34 > 0:35:40- It's been wonderful to visit places - where Lloyd George spent his days.
0:35:40 > 0:35:43- His presence is felt in London - to this day.
0:35:44 > 0:35:48- Before the sun sets on the city - and my time here...
0:35:49 > 0:35:54- ..I meet someone who knows the - politicians of yesterday and today.
0:35:55 > 0:35:57- I've studied politics...
0:35:58 > 0:36:01- ..covered politics - and been involved with politics.
0:36:02 > 0:36:07- I feel he was the most successful - Prime Minister of the last century.
0:36:07 > 0:36:11- He was a Welsh speaker - which is always a good start!
0:36:12 > 0:36:16- He also had charisma, - bravery and a vision...
0:36:16 > 0:36:21- ..as well as the willingness to be - totally shameless in many ways.
0:36:21 > 0:36:25- You cannot achieve anything - without upsetting people.
0:36:26 > 0:36:28- Lloyd George - was ready to upset people...
0:36:29 > 0:36:32- ..to achieve something - that would remain...
0:36:32 > 0:36:35- ..after those who opposed him - were long gone!
0:36:36 > 0:36:40- Was the fact that he upset people - responsible for his downfall?
0:36:40 > 0:36:42- We all fall in the end.
0:36:42 > 0:36:45- Falling after many terms - as a Prime Minister...
0:36:46 > 0:36:50- ..who set the foundations of the - Welfare State, won the Great War...
0:36:50 > 0:36:53- ..and changed - the nature of politics...
0:36:53 > 0:36:55- ..it's a fair cop!
0:36:55 > 0:36:59- He isn't just a hero - to the London Welsh.
0:36:59 > 0:37:01- Michael!
0:37:01 > 0:37:02- How are you?
0:37:02 > 0:37:04- How are you?- - Alright.
0:37:04 > 0:37:06- This lady is a descendent...
0:37:07 > 0:37:10- ..of the best Prime Minister - of the last century.
0:37:10 > 0:37:13- Um, let me think about that.
0:37:14 > 0:37:16- It must be The Welsh Wizard!
0:37:17 > 0:37:19- Are you a fan?
0:37:19 > 0:37:20- An extraordinary man.
0:37:20 > 0:37:22- Who was it?
0:37:22 > 0:37:26- Is it Kane who says about this - figure out of the Celtic mist...
0:37:26 > 0:37:28- ..this magician?
0:37:28 > 0:37:31- Lloyd George was a magician.
0:37:31 > 0:37:33- An extraordinary man.
0:37:40 > 0:37:41- .
0:37:42 > 0:37:42- Subtitles
0:37:42 > 0:37:44- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:37:47 > 0:37:50- From Llanystumdwy to London.
0:37:50 > 0:37:56- I've been learning about my great - uncle, Dafydd or David Lloyd George.
0:37:56 > 0:38:00- It's 100 years - since he became Prime Minister...
0:38:00 > 0:38:03- ..and there's a party - to mark this milestone.
0:38:03 > 0:38:07- But some of my questions - are still gnawing at me.
0:38:07 > 0:38:11- I might find the answers - on my way back to Criccieth.
0:38:15 > 0:38:16- "Archdruid...
0:38:17 > 0:38:20- "..and all my fellow-countrymen.
0:38:22 > 0:38:24- "I notice in the program...
0:38:24 > 0:38:29- "..that I am meant - to give you an address.
0:38:30 > 0:38:33- "But I do not have a speech."
0:38:35 > 0:38:37- As a member of the family...
0:38:37 > 0:38:42- ..I'm often concerned about people's - views towards Lloyd George...
0:38:43 > 0:38:46- ..and his change in attitude - towards war and pacifism.
0:38:47 > 0:38:50- That's why I'm visiting - Gerald Williams...
0:38:50 > 0:38:54- ..the nephew of Hedd Wyn, - the Poet of the Black Chair...
0:38:54 > 0:38:56- ..who was killed during World War I.
0:39:02 > 0:39:04- This place is very eerie.
0:39:04 > 0:39:09- During this journey, - I've seen two names carved out.
0:39:09 > 0:39:13- Two individual names who faced - a totally different fate.
0:39:13 > 0:39:17- The decision of one was responsible - for the fate of the other.
0:39:23 > 0:39:28- What do you know of Lloyd George and - the Eisteddfod of the Black Chair?
0:39:28 > 0:39:31- As I understand it...
0:39:31 > 0:39:35- ..Lloyd George was in a dark place - at the time of the Eisteddfod.
0:39:36 > 0:39:39- He was trying to recruit lads - to go to war.
0:39:39 > 0:39:43- Hedd Wyn won the Chair - but had been killed...
0:39:44 > 0:39:47- ..so I suspect - he was in a difficult position.
0:39:47 > 0:39:50- Should he have stopped recruiting - that day?
0:39:50 > 0:39:53- He had no choice - because that was his job.
0:39:54 > 0:39:56- It was a very sad day - for your family.
0:39:56 > 0:40:01- Yes, it was very sad for the family.
0:40:01 > 0:40:04- Let me tell you - the way that I see it.
0:40:05 > 0:40:07- I've got a medal in my pocket.
0:40:07 > 0:40:12- Wait a minute so that I can - move my stick out of the way.
0:40:14 > 0:40:17- This was given - to the family of Hedd Wyn.
0:40:18 > 0:40:20- It's a piece of metal.
0:40:20 > 0:40:22- That doesn't mean a lot.
0:40:22 > 0:40:23- That doesn't mean a lot.- - No, nothing at all.
0:40:23 > 0:40:28- And yet, it represents a life.
0:40:30 > 0:40:31- It says...
0:40:32 > 0:40:34- "He died for freedom and honour."
0:40:35 > 0:40:38- What honour do you get - from being killed?
0:40:38 > 0:40:39- I don't know.
0:40:39 > 0:40:44- It doesn't make any sense to me.
0:40:44 > 0:40:47- Holding this medal - makes me realize...
0:40:48 > 0:40:53- ..the horrific outcome - to some of Lloyd George's decisions.
0:40:54 > 0:40:57- He had to do his job, - just like the rest of us.
0:40:57 > 0:41:02- We have to take - the rough with the smooth.
0:41:09 > 0:41:14- I have to admit that I feel quite - relieved after speaking with Gerald.
0:41:14 > 0:41:18- It's easy to judge someone - after seeing the results.
0:41:19 > 0:41:24- But it takes someone brave and wise - to make the difficult decisions.
0:41:25 > 0:41:29- A lot of people criticized - Lloyd George and many others...
0:41:29 > 0:41:32- ..such as John Williams, - Brynsiencyn.
0:41:33 > 0:41:38- They accused them of total hypocrisy - in their recruitment for the war...
0:41:39 > 0:41:41- ..and stated that they were immoral.
0:41:41 > 0:41:45- Personally, I tend to agree - with that criticism...
0:41:45 > 0:41:47- ..but at the end of the day...
0:41:48 > 0:41:51- ..Britain was at war - and our men were fighting...
0:41:52 > 0:41:54- ..and they had to win the war.
0:41:54 > 0:42:00- I'm sure Lloyd George - would have addressed the crowd...
0:42:01 > 0:42:03- ..at Birkenhead Park...
0:42:03 > 0:42:08- ..singing the praises of Hedd Wyn - and asking for more men to enlist...
0:42:08 > 0:42:11- ..to secure a victory.
0:42:12 > 0:42:17- I don't think there was any doubt - in the character of Lloyd George.
0:42:17 > 0:42:19- Once he chose a route...
0:42:20 > 0:42:24- ..there was no point - in doubting that decision.
0:42:24 > 0:42:30- As Prime Minister, you must - have faith in your own decisions.
0:42:31 > 0:42:35- I don't think the family - was disappointed in him.
0:42:35 > 0:42:38- They respected his stance.
0:42:39 > 0:42:43- If he thought - that he was doing the right thing...
0:42:43 > 0:42:46- ..then they supported him.
0:42:51 > 0:42:55- It's wonderful - to share the memories of one man...
0:42:55 > 0:42:58- ..who knew Lloyd George.
0:42:58 > 0:43:00- It's his grandson, Bengy.
0:43:03 > 0:43:05- He was a family man.
0:43:05 > 0:43:09- People don't think of him like that - but that was his priority.
0:43:09 > 0:43:11- He'd take us for long walks.
0:43:12 > 0:43:13- The most terrifying walks.
0:43:14 > 0:43:16- They were directional.
0:43:16 > 0:43:20- He would take a point in the - far distance and we'd walk there.
0:43:20 > 0:43:25- It didn't matter if it rivers - or hedges or a field of bulls...
0:43:25 > 0:43:27- ..or other hazards...
0:43:27 > 0:43:30- ..he just would sail through.
0:43:30 > 0:43:33- What do you think - made him so special?
0:43:34 > 0:43:36- He had a tremendous memory.
0:43:36 > 0:43:38- He just never forgot a thing.
0:43:39 > 0:43:43- I remember walking down - to Llanystumdwy on the top road.
0:43:43 > 0:43:48- An old boy came out and said, "Do - you remember me, Mr Lloyd George?"
0:43:48 > 0:43:49- "Oh, Tom Jones!"
0:43:50 > 0:43:53- But he was in school with him - in Llanystumdwy.
0:43:53 > 0:43:58- He really hadn't seen him for 30 - or 40 years but knew him perfectly.
0:43:58 > 0:44:02- That's lovely that he never forgot - his roots.
0:44:02 > 0:44:06- He never forgot his roots - or people that had helped him...
0:44:07 > 0:44:09- ..or been associated with him.
0:44:09 > 0:44:13- It was extraordinary - to be related to him.
0:44:13 > 0:44:17- You didn't realize - the impact that he had on people.
0:44:17 > 0:44:22- You saw the transition that would - occur to people when they met him.
0:44:28 > 0:44:30- "Provide pensions...
0:44:30 > 0:44:35- "..to give comfort to a million men - and women in their declining years.
0:44:35 > 0:44:37- "And to carry out - many a long-desired...
0:44:38 > 0:44:42- "..and long-promised plan - of social reform...
0:44:42 > 0:44:46- "..to redeem the people - from anxiety and suffering...
0:44:46 > 0:44:49- "..which are oppressing them."
0:44:58 > 0:45:01- I've been all over the place - since you last saw me.
0:45:02 > 0:45:03- It's been quite a journey.
0:45:03 > 0:45:04- It's been quite a journey.- - It has.
0:45:05 > 0:45:09- It's been a bit of a roller coaster - and quite emotional.
0:45:09 > 0:45:11- What do you think you've learnt?
0:45:11 > 0:45:16- Some people have suggested that once - he arrived on the British stage...
0:45:16 > 0:45:20- ..that he forgot his Welsh roots - and his family.
0:45:21 > 0:45:22- That isn't true.
0:45:22 > 0:45:27- He would still come back and always - had close ties with Criccieth...
0:45:28 > 0:45:30- ..and returned to Llanystumdwy.
0:45:31 > 0:45:35- This is a copy - of the People's Budget.
0:45:35 > 0:45:38- It's the Finance Act of 1910.
0:45:38 > 0:45:44- This is special because of what - Lloyd George has written inside.
0:45:44 > 0:45:46- "To my brother...
0:45:46 > 0:45:49- "..with a deep appreciation...
0:45:49 > 0:45:53- "..of his devotion - and self-sacrifice...
0:45:53 > 0:45:59- "..which enabled me to give - so much time to my public work."
0:45:59 > 0:46:01- Wow!
0:46:01 > 0:46:06- Lloyd George acknowledged that - there was actually two people...
0:46:07 > 0:46:10- ..who supported him - throughout it all.
0:46:10 > 0:46:14- He must have been proud - of his brother as well.
0:46:14 > 0:46:17- His brother became Prime Minister.
0:46:17 > 0:46:23- In their own way, they were proud - of each other and were a family.
0:46:23 > 0:46:25- This is what makes it so special.
0:46:25 > 0:46:26- This is what makes it so special.- - Yes.
0:46:27 > 0:46:30- It truly defines...
0:46:31 > 0:46:33- ..the work of both men.
0:46:33 > 0:46:37- One was prominent and - the other worked in the background.
0:46:41 > 0:46:45- I view this as the story of two men.
0:46:45 > 0:46:50- One sacrificed so much to support - the ambition of the other.
0:46:50 > 0:46:52- But it's one journey...
0:46:52 > 0:46:56- ..that led to the success - of David Lloyd George...
0:46:56 > 0:47:00- ..as one of the best Prime Ministers - in history.
0:47:00 > 0:47:05- His roots and family in Eifionydd - formed the foundations to it all.
0:47:07 > 0:47:12- There's no doubt in my mind - that we should celebrate...
0:47:12 > 0:47:15- ..the contribution - of this incredible man.
0:47:16 > 0:47:19- He had a certain charm.
0:47:20 > 0:47:23- Those in the presence - of Lloyd George...
0:47:23 > 0:47:27- ..realized that they were - with someone unique and special.
0:47:30 > 0:47:34- If you look at the political giants - in our history...
0:47:34 > 0:47:39- ..then David Lloyd George - stands firmly in their midst.
0:47:43 > 0:47:46- We'll never see - anyone like him again.
0:47:47 > 0:47:51- Nobody from that sort of background - will be Prime Minister.
0:47:51 > 0:47:55- The family feels very privileged - and extremely lucky...
0:47:56 > 0:47:59- ..to claim this special man - as one of their own.
0:48:03 > 0:48:07- He was surrounded - by highly-educated politicians...
0:48:07 > 0:48:12- ..but didn't think they were better - or more intelligent than he was...
0:48:12 > 0:48:14- ..and they weren't!
0:48:14 > 0:48:17- He was more intelligent - than all of them.
0:48:20 > 0:48:23- He's totally beyond compare.
0:48:44 > 0:48:46- S4C Subtitles by Tinopolis
0:48:46 > 0:48:47- .