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0:00:02 > 0:00:07- Wales's geographical location - and mountainous terrain...
0:00:07 > 0:00:10- ..makes it an ideal - country for rain.
0:00:12 > 0:00:14- I should know.
0:00:14 > 0:00:19- I live in Ffestiniog, one of wettest - places in Wales, so they say.
0:00:19 > 0:00:22- It's interesting to see - how our relationship...
0:00:22 > 0:00:27- ..with our most abundant - natural resource has evolved.
0:00:27 > 0:00:31- In 1965, it was - a very emotional relationship.
0:00:31 > 0:00:35- In 2005, forty years - after this valley was submerged...
0:00:36 > 0:00:40- ..the city of Liverpool - made an official apology.
0:00:40 > 0:00:45- But Tryweryn's history should be set - in a broader chronological context.
0:00:45 > 0:00:50- I'm going to look at the way - the concept of water ownership...
0:00:50 > 0:00:54- ..and its politics, has changed - in Wales over the years.
0:01:21 > 0:01:23- Water is always in the news.
0:01:23 > 0:01:28- Last year, there were terrible - floods all over the country.
0:01:29 > 0:01:34- Although these events cause anxiety - and destruction in the short term...
0:01:34 > 0:01:37- ..the consequences - of increasing water scarcity...
0:01:38 > 0:01:40- ..could be even more grave.
0:01:40 > 0:01:42- Scientists have radical solutions.
0:01:43 > 0:01:47- The huge Thames Water Desalination - Plant in East London...
0:01:48 > 0:01:52- ..is one radical solution, - although not cost effective.
0:01:53 > 0:01:58- It looks as if we'll have to revert - to a field of technology...
0:01:58 > 0:02:02- ..that was at its zenith - over two centuries ago.
0:02:09 > 0:02:15- In 1889, this was the largest - artificial lake in Europe.
0:02:15 > 0:02:17- It's Lake Vyrnwy.
0:02:17 > 0:02:22- It was created when a huge dam - was built across the River Vyrnwy...
0:02:23 > 0:02:25- ..drowning a whole valley.
0:02:27 > 0:02:32- This was Wales's first - large-scale reservoir.
0:02:32 > 0:02:38- It generated a fierce scramble - for other valleys in Wales.
0:02:41 > 0:02:46- But before we rush to judge - the Victorian engineers' scramble...
0:02:46 > 0:02:48- ..to drown our vales and valleys...
0:02:48 > 0:02:53- ..let's look at the motives - that led them here to Wales.
0:02:53 > 0:02:55- In the Industrial Revolution...
0:02:55 > 0:03:00- ..thousands flocked to towns and - cities to work in the new factories.
0:03:00 > 0:03:05- Liverpool, for example, - experienced amazing prosperity.
0:03:05 > 0:03:09- Its port was one - of the busiest in Europe.
0:03:09 > 0:03:13- But the rapid growth - in population led to problems...
0:03:13 > 0:03:17- ..as an exhibition - in the town's museum shows.
0:03:20 > 0:03:25- This is a replica - of one of the courts...
0:03:25 > 0:03:29- ..where workers - and their families lived.
0:03:29 > 0:03:31- They were dark, poky places...
0:03:31 > 0:03:35- ..where people lived - on top of each other.
0:03:35 > 0:03:39- A whole family lived behind - each of these doors, in one room.
0:03:39 > 0:03:43- Sixty or more people - lived in one court.
0:03:43 > 0:03:48- They all shared one toilet, - with no running water.
0:03:48 > 0:03:54- You can imagine what struck you when - you entered a court like this...
0:03:54 > 0:03:57- ..the stench of sewage.
0:03:59 > 0:04:04- It's no wonder deadly diseases - like cholera, TB and measles...
0:04:04 > 0:04:06- ..thrived here.
0:04:08 > 0:04:12- It became obvious - to the city authorities...
0:04:12 > 0:04:17- ..that much more was needed than - a few small water pumps like this.
0:04:17 > 0:04:21- What they needed was piped - water and a sewage system...
0:04:21 > 0:04:25- ..to prevent disease - and extend people's lives.
0:04:26 > 0:04:29- After all, it was the people - living in these courts...
0:04:30 > 0:04:35- ..who provided the manpower to drive - the busy wheels of industry...
0:04:35 > 0:04:37- ..and to maintain economic growth.
0:04:38 > 0:04:43- For years, private companies - supplied cities with water...
0:04:43 > 0:04:47- ..either from nearby lakes, - rivers or deep wells.
0:04:48 > 0:04:51- But the water quality - was criticized.
0:04:51 > 0:04:55- The belief grew that water - was the chief carrier...
0:04:56 > 0:04:59- ..for the deadly - diseases of the age.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02- To try to deal with the problem...
0:05:03 > 0:05:06- ..a growing number - of towns and cities...
0:05:06 > 0:05:08- ..with Liverpool one of the first...
0:05:08 > 0:05:10- ..bought these private companies...
0:05:10 > 0:05:13- ..bringing water - into public ownership.
0:05:14 > 0:05:17- This set a precedent - for a kind of civic socialism...
0:05:17 > 0:05:21- ..where the council - provided for its citizens.
0:05:21 > 0:05:26- So it wasn't central government - that became responsible...
0:05:26 > 0:05:31- ..for the most innovative - steps in social health care.
0:05:31 > 0:05:33- It was local government.
0:05:37 > 0:05:39- Water was scarce in Liverpool.
0:05:39 > 0:05:41- The city council had two options...
0:05:41 > 0:05:46- ..raising the water level in one - of two lakes in the Lake District...
0:05:46 > 0:05:51- ..or drowning Llanwddyn Valley - in Montgomeryshire.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54- We know which option they chose.
0:05:54 > 0:05:56- I've come back to Vyrnwy...
0:05:57 > 0:06:01- ..to meet Professor Owen Roberts - of Aberystwyth University...
0:06:01 > 0:06:03- ..who has written about its history.
0:06:03 > 0:06:07- Owen, I apologize - for dragging you out today.
0:06:07 > 0:06:08- It's alright.
0:06:08 > 0:06:12- If you study the history of water, - you often go to pretty wild places.
0:06:13 > 0:06:17- This project obviously benefited - the health of Liverpudlians.
0:06:17 > 0:06:20- But what about the effects - on the local community?
0:06:21 > 0:06:24- A new village was built - down the valley.
0:06:24 > 0:06:30- But about 200 people - lost their land and living.
0:06:30 > 0:06:33- There were protests at the time.
0:06:33 > 0:06:35- A petition was gathered locally.
0:06:35 > 0:06:38- But there was no wider protest...
0:06:38 > 0:06:42- ..as we saw in 1950s and 1960s. - It's a different context.
0:06:42 > 0:06:44- Even a paper like Y Faner...
0:06:45 > 0:06:49- ..expressed pride that a huge - dam was being built in Mid Wales.
0:06:50 > 0:06:53- What about the project's legacy?
0:06:53 > 0:06:56- Did it inspire other - cities to do the same?
0:06:56 > 0:07:00- Yes, other cities wanted - to follow Liverpool's example.
0:07:01 > 0:07:06- Several cities wanted to build - dams, some of which were realized.
0:07:06 > 0:07:12- Was it a competition between - the cities, a kind of imperialism...
0:07:12 > 0:07:14- ..to occupy valleys in Wales?
0:07:14 > 0:07:19- In Africa, different European - countries occupied different areas.
0:07:19 > 0:07:23- You could say the same - thing happened in Wales.
0:07:23 > 0:07:26- Liverpool bought - everything in this valley.
0:07:27 > 0:07:31- Other cities followed suit - in different parts of Wales.
0:07:31 > 0:07:37- The dam is quite imposing. It must - have been quite a job to build it.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39- It took ten years.
0:07:40 > 0:07:45- The huge dam was built with rocks, - an innovative plan, like the pipe.
0:07:45 > 0:07:47- It was a statement by Liverpool...
0:07:48 > 0:07:52- ..about their status, - importance and enterprise.
0:07:52 > 0:07:56- I prefer a valley with people - and animals in it, not water.
0:07:57 > 0:08:00- But I must admit, - the dam and lake are striking.
0:08:00 > 0:08:02- It'd be a good place for a hotel.
0:08:03 > 0:08:04- Now there's an idea.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10- In a flash of typical - entrepreneurial inspiration...
0:08:10 > 0:08:13- ..the Lake Vyrnwy Hotel - was opened in 1890...
0:08:13 > 0:08:17- ..seeking to profit from the new - dam's touristic potential...
0:08:17 > 0:08:19- ..and offering a place to stay...
0:08:20 > 0:08:25- ..for the engineers and bigwigs - of the Liverpool Corporation.
0:08:25 > 0:08:30- It's very grand here and warmer - than out there. The view is superb.
0:08:30 > 0:08:33- We can see why - it attracted Liverpool's VIPs.
0:08:34 > 0:08:35- Was that part of the package?
0:08:36 > 0:08:40- The hotel was part - of Liverpool showing off.
0:08:40 > 0:08:45- Many rich businessmen wanted - to live like the upper classes.
0:08:45 > 0:08:50- They came here to fish, - hunt and enjoy the area...
0:08:50 > 0:08:54- ..owned by Liverpool - in the heart of rural Wales.
0:08:55 > 0:08:59- It sounds like an ideal - package to attract people.
0:08:59 > 0:09:04- But there were quite a few doubts - about locating the reservoir here.
0:09:04 > 0:09:07- There was a lot - of public debate in Liverpool.
0:09:07 > 0:09:10- Water quality - was an important factor.
0:09:11 > 0:09:13- The engineer, George Deacon...
0:09:13 > 0:09:18- ..sent his employees to - the Lake District and Lake Vyrnwy.
0:09:18 > 0:09:22- His opponents accused him of - sending them here when it snowed...
0:09:23 > 0:09:25- ..on a day much like this...
0:09:25 > 0:09:29- ..to get a sample of water - from snow, rather than the lake.
0:09:30 > 0:09:33- I happen to have a sampling kit.
0:09:33 > 0:09:36- It tells if the water - is hard or soft.
0:09:37 > 0:09:38- I have lake water here.
0:09:39 > 0:09:43- I know it's snowing, but - I promise this isn't melted snow.
0:09:43 > 0:09:45- Industrialists wanted soft water.
0:09:46 > 0:09:51- They didn't want underground water - because it contains many minerals.
0:09:51 > 0:09:55- In industrial systems, - it leaves deposits in machines.
0:09:56 > 0:09:59- So Liverpool's industrialists - preferred the Lake Vyrnwy scheme.
0:10:00 > 0:10:02- I'll put this in.
0:10:03 > 0:10:06- If it's hard water, - it should turn purple.
0:10:06 > 0:10:08- What colour is yours?
0:10:08 > 0:10:09- What colour is yours?- - It's green.
0:10:10 > 0:10:16- This is green too, showing that - it's soft water. Deacon was right.
0:10:16 > 0:10:19- Some people claimed - that hard water wasn't the problem.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22- This water is - a brownish green colour.
0:10:22 > 0:10:24- The colour of peat.
0:10:24 > 0:10:28- Some people were - concerned that peaty water...
0:10:29 > 0:10:31- ..would make Liverpudlians ill.
0:10:32 > 0:10:36- The engineer George Deacon - had to build a plant in Oswestry...
0:10:37 > 0:10:39- ..to remove peat from the water.
0:10:39 > 0:10:43- People like Deacon said - it was like pale sherry.
0:10:43 > 0:10:45- A good way to promote it.
0:10:45 > 0:10:49- Who wouldn't want - to drink pale sherry?
0:10:50 > 0:10:52- Later, I'll need my walking shoes...
0:10:53 > 0:10:56- ..as the story takes me - to even more remote places.
0:10:56 > 0:10:57- .
0:11:01 > 0:11:01- Subtitles
0:11:01 > 0:11:03- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:11:07 > 0:11:10- I'm looking at - the history of water...
0:11:10 > 0:11:15- ..and how it affected the landscape - and the lives of people in Wales.
0:11:16 > 0:11:18- We've seen how foreign Victorians...
0:11:18 > 0:11:21- ..came here to take - advantage of our supply.
0:11:22 > 0:11:25- But in 1910, - going against the current...
0:11:25 > 0:11:30- ..a Llanuwchllyn farmer decided - to don the engineer's top hat...
0:11:31 > 0:11:34- ..and divert water - to his own devices.
0:11:34 > 0:11:38- Electricity was rare - in 1910, of course...
0:11:38 > 0:11:42- ..limited mainly - to large towns and cities.
0:11:42 > 0:11:47- The fact that there was street - lighting here in Llanuwchllyn...
0:11:48 > 0:11:50- ..at that time, was amazing.
0:11:50 > 0:11:55- The engineer was Richard Edwards, - here on the right.
0:11:56 > 0:11:58- His son, Antur, is on the left.
0:11:58 > 0:12:02- Between them is the hydroelectric - system they built...
0:12:02 > 0:12:04- ..to produce electricity.
0:12:06 > 0:12:09- The system still - produces electricity.
0:12:10 > 0:12:13- Richard's great-grandson, - Huw Antur Edwards, will tell us...
0:12:14 > 0:12:16- ..about the small power plant.
0:12:16 > 0:12:21- Huw, why did your - great-grandfather build this?
0:12:22 > 0:12:24- It's a very good question.
0:12:24 > 0:12:28- It seems he was quite - a character and an inventor.
0:12:29 > 0:12:32- He was an engineer too. - It was in his blood.
0:12:32 > 0:12:37- The family was a mixture - of farmers and millers...
0:12:37 > 0:12:39- ..who worked with water wheels.
0:12:39 > 0:12:43- The idea originated - at the end of the 19th century.
0:12:44 > 0:12:48- My great-grandfather went - to Birkenhead, to an exhibition...
0:12:48 > 0:12:52- ..about electricity, - a fairly new concept at the time.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56- The exhibition was - called Electric Light.
0:12:56 > 0:12:58- Something clicked there.
0:12:58 > 0:12:59- A light went on in his head.
0:12:59 > 0:13:01- A light went on in his head.- - Something lit up.
0:13:01 > 0:13:06- He linked two things, - the River Twrch and his designs.
0:13:07 > 0:13:12- Soon after that, he began - to dabble with electricity.
0:13:12 > 0:13:18- In 1909, he received a request - from Llanuwchllyn Parish Council...
0:13:18 > 0:13:24- ..to light up the village - street with oil lamps.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27- He said he would help.
0:13:27 > 0:13:33- But he had a much better idea, to - light the place with electric lamps.
0:13:33 > 0:13:36- Was it the first in Wales?
0:13:36 > 0:13:40- We think it was the first - in North and Mid Wales.
0:13:40 > 0:13:44- His contract with the parish - council is worth seeing.
0:13:44 > 0:13:49- There weren't that many lamps, - maybe fifteen along the street.
0:13:49 > 0:13:54- But they didn't want light for - a few nights before the full moon.
0:13:54 > 0:13:56- They felt it wasn't needed.
0:13:57 > 0:14:01- Like councils now, - switching street lights off.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03- Everything goes in circles.
0:14:03 > 0:14:05- He called it natural energy.
0:14:06 > 0:14:11- The word renewable hadn't appeared - in the dictionary at that time.
0:14:11 > 0:14:15- He was a century - before his time, I'm sure.
0:14:15 > 0:14:16- He was a very enlightened man.
0:14:16 > 0:14:19- He was a very enlightened man.- - Yes, in more ways than one.
0:14:19 > 0:14:24- The small power plant - produces up to twelve kilowatts...
0:14:24 > 0:14:29- ..and still provides electricity - in Huw's home and his parents' home.
0:14:29 > 0:14:30- That looks like a big beer cask.
0:14:30 > 0:14:32- That looks like a big beer cask.- - It's a good one.
0:14:33 > 0:14:36- The water wheel - is in the black casing.
0:14:36 > 0:14:40- Its technical name - is the Pelton wheel.
0:14:40 > 0:14:42- Water flows down the big pipes.
0:14:42 > 0:14:44- Water flows down the big pipes.- - You can see them and the valves.
0:14:44 > 0:14:48- We control them manually, - depending on what we need.
0:14:48 > 0:14:49- So there are two wheels.
0:14:49 > 0:14:50- So there are two wheels.- - Yes.
0:14:51 > 0:14:55- One on the far side and one - on this side. Obviously, they turn.
0:14:55 > 0:14:59- In turn, that drives the generator.
0:14:59 > 0:15:01- We try to look after it.
0:15:01 > 0:15:05- The pipes are all original, - almost a century old.
0:15:06 > 0:15:11- The Pelton wheels, bearings - and shafts were here at the start.
0:15:11 > 0:15:16- We've only had to repair - and renovate around them.
0:15:17 > 0:15:23- There is a similar system, but much - larger of course, in Tanygrisiau...
0:15:23 > 0:15:26- ..near Blaenau Ffestiniog.
0:15:26 > 0:15:30- The Ffestiniog Power Station - began producing electricity...
0:15:31 > 0:15:33- ..exactly 50 years ago, in 1963.
0:15:33 > 0:15:38- It was the first pumped storage - electricity plant in Britain.
0:15:38 > 0:15:43- That means that gravity - is used to produce electricity...
0:15:43 > 0:15:46- ..just like Richard - Edwards's system.
0:15:46 > 0:15:49- But here, falling water is stored...
0:15:49 > 0:15:53- ..and pumped back up, - to repeat the process.
0:15:54 > 0:15:58- I live nearby - and see the dam almost every day.
0:15:58 > 0:16:03- But I know someone much - better versed in its history.
0:16:03 > 0:16:07- Vivian Parry Williams - lives in Blaenau Ffestiniog...
0:16:07 > 0:16:11- ..and worked as an engineer - in Tanygrisiau for 27 years.
0:16:12 > 0:16:18- He saw how projects like this - transformed the local economy.
0:16:18 > 0:16:22- This was one of the most - pioneering schemes...
0:16:22 > 0:16:24- ..for electricity production.
0:16:24 > 0:16:31- The proposal of building - a pumped storage reservoir...
0:16:31 > 0:16:34- ..was first investigated in 1948.
0:16:34 > 0:16:38- Work began here in January 1956.
0:16:38 > 0:16:42- Was it very busy here, - when it was being built?
0:16:42 > 0:16:44- It created a lot of work.
0:16:44 > 0:16:48- About 800 people worked here, - over half of them locals.
0:16:48 > 0:16:53- Some came from Ireland, Scotland and - England. Blaenau was a busy town.
0:16:53 > 0:16:57- Work began at Trawsfynydd Nuclear - Power Station about that time.
0:16:58 > 0:17:00- You can imagine what it was like.
0:17:00 > 0:17:03- There were great changes - at the time.
0:17:03 > 0:17:07- People could afford to buy - houses and cars in the 1960s.
0:17:07 > 0:17:08- The area flourished.
0:17:08 > 0:17:10- The area flourished.- - It was a bit of a boomtown.
0:17:11 > 0:17:12- It was.
0:17:12 > 0:17:17- What were the engineering - workings in the plant?
0:17:17 > 0:17:24- Two big shafts go down - 650 feet into the ground.
0:17:24 > 0:17:27- At the bottom of the shafts...
0:17:27 > 0:17:32- ..there are four concrete tunnels, - going down about halfway.
0:17:32 > 0:17:37- From there, a steel pipe - goes to the power plant.
0:17:37 > 0:17:42- We had to inspect the pipes and walk - up them. I did that a few times.
0:17:42 > 0:17:44- Inside the pipes?
0:17:44 > 0:17:46- Yes, from the bottom up to Stwlan.
0:17:46 > 0:17:51- It wasn't an enjoyable experience, - in mud up to your ankles.
0:17:51 > 0:17:56- If there was an important football - match, like a cup final...
0:17:56 > 0:18:04- ..at half time, thousands - of people put the kettle on.
0:18:04 > 0:18:06- This put pressure on the grid.
0:18:06 > 0:18:09- A place like this - was handy at those times.
0:18:09 > 0:18:13- You pressed a button - in the control room...
0:18:14 > 0:18:17- ..and 360 megawatts - were produced in a minute...
0:18:17 > 0:18:19- ..to boost the electricity supply.
0:18:19 > 0:18:23- Thanks to the bloke - pushing the button here...
0:18:23 > 0:18:25- ..we could have a cuppa - at half-time.
0:18:28 > 0:18:32- The technology in places - like Stwlan was used...
0:18:32 > 0:18:36- ..at Dinorwig Power Station, - Llanberis, in the 1980s.
0:18:36 > 0:18:40- Whilst projects like this bring - work to deprived areas...
0:18:41 > 0:18:43- ..and testify to man's - technological development...
0:18:44 > 0:18:49- ..attempts to rein the power of - nature bring danger in their wake.
0:18:52 > 0:18:58- In 1924, the Llyn Eigiau Dam was - completed, high in the Carneddau.
0:19:00 > 0:19:03- The dam created a reservoir...
0:19:04 > 0:19:08- ..that supplied a second - reservoir, Llyn Coedty...
0:19:08 > 0:19:10- ..further down the valley.
0:19:10 > 0:19:14- The water would - produce electricity...
0:19:14 > 0:19:19- ...that would be used - in the Dolgarrog Aluminium Works.
0:19:21 > 0:19:26- The upper dam was built - in a style typical of its period.
0:19:26 > 0:19:29- It had a foundation - of concrete in the ground...
0:19:29 > 0:19:32- ..and then a wall of rocks - and concrete built on top.
0:19:32 > 0:19:37- But here, the foundations - weren't laid deep enough...
0:19:37 > 0:19:39- ..to reach the bedrock.
0:19:39 > 0:19:43- That enabled water - to seep under the foundations.
0:19:43 > 0:19:45- On November 2, 1925...
0:19:45 > 0:19:50- ..there was very heavy rain - on the Carneddau, over there.
0:19:50 > 0:19:55- The rivers feeding the lake - flowed with great speed and force.
0:19:55 > 0:19:57- This is what happened.
0:19:57 > 0:20:02- The wall was destroyed - and it was swept down the valley.
0:20:06 > 0:20:12- 50 million cubic feet of water swept - through the breach down the slope...
0:20:12 > 0:20:15- ..in the direction of Dolgarrog.
0:20:18 > 0:20:22- These amazing pictures - were taken the following morning.
0:20:22 > 0:20:27- As you see, the devastation - in the village is clear.
0:20:33 > 0:20:37- Today, a memorial trail - takes visitors...
0:20:37 > 0:20:43- ..around the part of the village - that was swept away by the deluge.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46- There's nothing left here now...
0:20:46 > 0:20:52- ..only hundreds of huge boulders - that were swept down the mountain.
0:20:52 > 0:20:57- Their size shows - the strength of the flow.
0:21:01 > 0:21:06- It's miraculous that only - 16 people were killed that night.
0:21:07 > 0:21:10- The Dolgarrog disaster - led to changes...
0:21:10 > 0:21:14- ..in the way dams - were designed and built.
0:21:20 > 0:21:25- We've seen how the highlands of - Wales became a productive nursery...
0:21:25 > 0:21:29- ..for pioneering techniques - of water management...
0:21:29 > 0:21:33- ..either to quench thirst - or to create power.
0:21:36 > 0:21:39- I end my journey in Powys...
0:21:41 > 0:21:44- ..at the Elan and Claerwen Valleys.
0:21:44 > 0:21:50- Five sizeable dams were built here - by the Birmingham Corporation...
0:21:50 > 0:21:53- ..between 1893 and 1952.
0:21:56 > 0:22:00- Today, it seems that - the desire to undertake...
0:22:00 > 0:22:04- ..grandiose and ambitious - engineering projects like this...
0:22:05 > 0:22:07- ..and its forerunners has waned.
0:22:07 > 0:22:08- But is that true?
0:22:09 > 0:22:11- Although not openly discussed...
0:22:11 > 0:22:16- ..politicians and civil servants - would admit off the record...
0:22:16 > 0:22:19- ..that the Elan Valley - would be a leading candidate...
0:22:20 > 0:22:22- ..in plans to pump water to London.
0:22:22 > 0:22:25- Would that, - like Tryweryn in the past...
0:22:25 > 0:22:30- ..reignite nationalism and raise - inflammatory political questions...
0:22:30 > 0:22:35- ..about regional and national - claims for the ownership of water?
0:22:53 > 0:22:58- The SNP in Scotland has, for years, - used oil as an effective weapon...
0:22:58 > 0:23:01- ..when lobbying for independence.
0:23:01 > 0:23:05- Will we see Plaid Cymru - do the same here with water?
0:23:05 > 0:23:07- One thing is certain.
0:23:07 > 0:23:12- As long-term climate forecasts - predict more periods of drought...
0:23:13 > 0:23:15- ..worldwide and here in Britain...
0:23:15 > 0:23:17- ..we will see water...
0:23:17 > 0:23:21- ..becoming one of mankind's - most precious resources...
0:23:22 > 0:23:27- ..and Welsh water - one of our most precious.
0:23:44 > 0:23:46- S4C Subtitles by Gwead
0:23:46 > 0:23:46- .