0:00:00 > 0:00:00- *
0:00:00 > 0:00:01- That's it from us.
0:00:02 > 0:00:06- A first look at the papers on the - BBC News channel in a few minutes...
0:00:06 > 0:00:09- ..but now it's time - for the news where you are.
0:00:10 > 0:00:13- And that's the end - of another broadcast...
0:00:13 > 0:00:17- ..here at the BBC's - main news studio in London...
0:00:17 > 0:00:21- ..watched by around five million - viewers in Wales, England...
0:00:22 > 0:00:24- ..Northern Ireland and Scotland.
0:00:24 > 0:00:27- The location of the studio - speaks volumes.
0:00:28 > 0:00:32- In the heart of London, - the capital of the United Kingdom.
0:00:32 > 0:00:37- However, the unity of that kingdom - is a contentious issue nowadays.
0:00:38 > 0:00:43- The heart of London is where - the BBC's new news headquarters...
0:00:43 > 0:00:48- ..and the headquarters of Britain's - influential companies are situated.
0:00:49 > 0:00:53- It's been home to millions of people - over the centuries...
0:00:53 > 0:00:59- ..including the Welsh, and the story - of the London Welsh is intriguing.
0:00:59 > 0:01:04- In the final episode, we focus - on key individuals and institutions.
0:01:04 > 0:01:06- From political giants...
0:01:07 > 0:01:10- ..to the fervour - of the urban Welsh chapels.
0:01:10 > 0:01:15- From the creativity of national - figures to today's bustling city.
0:01:16 > 0:01:18- It's a tale - which sparks the imagination.
0:01:21 > 0:01:25- In this series, we'll convey - a little of that zeal...
0:01:25 > 0:01:29- ..and explain - the influence of the Welsh...
0:01:29 > 0:01:32- ..on one - of the world's largest cities...
0:01:32 > 0:01:35- ..as well as London's influence - on Wales.
0:01:35 > 0:01:39- The story of the London Welsh - is relevant to everyone in Wales.
0:01:49 > 0:01:53- It's here in London, - in England's capital city...
0:01:53 > 0:01:57- ..that the foundations - of the modern Wales were laid.
0:01:57 > 0:02:00- In the 19th century, - Wales was a country...
0:02:00 > 0:02:05- ..without national institutions, - without a capital city...
0:02:05 > 0:02:07- ..and without official status.
0:02:07 > 0:02:12- It was here that all those - important foundations were laid...
0:02:12 > 0:02:15- ..to breathe new life into Wales.
0:02:22 > 0:02:24- Many of the ideas...
0:02:25 > 0:02:29- ..and the zeal to create - institutions for the modern Wales...
0:02:29 > 0:02:32- ..came from - the Society of Cymmrodorion...
0:02:33 > 0:02:36- ..whose origins - were in the mid-18th century.
0:02:36 > 0:02:40- By 1873, it had been revived - for the third time...
0:02:40 > 0:02:43- ..under the chairmanship - of Sir Hugh Owen.
0:02:44 > 0:02:47- One of the things - which stems from...
0:02:47 > 0:02:53- ..all the zeal and enthusiasm - of the Cymmrodorion...
0:02:53 > 0:02:58- ..in the last quarter of - the 19th century, in my opinion...
0:02:58 > 0:03:01- ..is this drive - to establish institutions.
0:03:02 > 0:03:06- A national museum for Wales, - a national library for Wales...
0:03:06 > 0:03:11- ..a royal commission to preserve - Wales' historical buildings...
0:03:11 > 0:03:13- ..and that kind of thing.
0:03:13 > 0:03:17- Their first attempt, during the - 1890s and 1890s, ended in failure.
0:03:18 > 0:03:21- But by the beginning - of the 20th century...
0:03:22 > 0:03:28- ..the ideas discussed in London - and at the Eisteddfod bore fruit.
0:03:28 > 0:03:32- The Cymmrodorion - took it upon themselves...
0:03:32 > 0:03:34- ..to put pressure on politicians.
0:03:49 > 0:03:53- You must come to an isolated spot - to find the grave...
0:03:53 > 0:03:58- ..of a very influential Welshman - of the Victorian era.
0:03:58 > 0:04:02- There are buildings, - memorials and statues in Wales...
0:04:02 > 0:04:04- ..that bear this man's name.
0:04:05 > 0:04:09- I'm in Abney Park cemetery - in north London.
0:04:09 > 0:04:11- It's a Welsh Independents' cemetery.
0:04:12 > 0:04:16- Among the thousands of graves - in this jungle...
0:04:16 > 0:04:18- ..is the grave of Sir Hugh Owen...
0:04:18 > 0:04:20- ..the man who did so much...
0:04:21 > 0:04:25- ..to establish the University - College of Wales in Aberystwyth.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29- The name isn't very clear. - You must look carefully.
0:04:29 > 0:04:31- Sir Hugh Owen, here in London.
0:04:36 > 0:04:39- In a meeting in London in 1854...
0:04:39 > 0:04:42- ..Sir Hugh Owen - first discussed the idea...
0:04:42 > 0:04:46- ..of having a University College - of Wales in Aberystwyth.
0:04:47 > 0:04:49- On retiring, - he spent much of his time...
0:04:50 > 0:04:52- ..fundraising - for the new institution.
0:04:53 > 0:04:56- When he campaigned - during the 1860s...
0:04:56 > 0:05:00- ..to establish a college in Wales - for the first time...
0:05:00 > 0:05:04- ..he was keen to ensure - that the Welsh language...
0:05:04 > 0:05:08- ..wouldn't have a prominent place - within that college.
0:05:08 > 0:05:12- When it was founded in 1872, there - was no place for the Welsh language.
0:05:13 > 0:05:15- He's a complex figure...
0:05:15 > 0:05:20- ..but one who represents - the outlook of the Victorian era.
0:05:20 > 0:05:22- He did Wales many favours...
0:05:23 > 0:05:27- ..but not in terms - of safeguarding the Welsh language.
0:05:28 > 0:05:31- Hugh Owen - worked at Somerset House...
0:05:32 > 0:05:36- ..as senior clerk for the - Poor Law Amendment Act Commission.
0:05:36 > 0:05:40- Like many Cymmrodorion of the time, - he had strong ties...
0:05:41 > 0:05:43- ..with the London establishment.
0:05:44 > 0:05:48- They had the means - to use their influence...
0:05:48 > 0:05:52- ..to ensure these institutions - saw the light of day.
0:05:53 > 0:05:56- Another important aspect - of their contribution...
0:05:56 > 0:06:00- ..was their sense of duty...
0:06:00 > 0:06:05- ..to the Wales - from which they were exiled!
0:06:11 > 0:06:15- In order to understand - this important process...
0:06:15 > 0:06:19- ..of creating - national institutions in Wales...
0:06:19 > 0:06:22- ..we must focus - on the work of Westminster...
0:06:22 > 0:06:25- ..and acknowledge - one man in particular.
0:06:25 > 0:06:29- His name was Tom Ellis, - the MP for Merionethshire.
0:06:29 > 0:06:33- He was one of the first students - to attend Aberystwyth.
0:06:33 > 0:06:39- He was a very influential politician - and chief whip of the Liberal Party.
0:06:39 > 0:06:43- He campaigned diligently - for a parliament for Wales...
0:06:43 > 0:06:45- ..a Welsh university...
0:06:46 > 0:06:49- ..a national museum - and a national library.
0:06:49 > 0:06:54- He made a very important - contribution to Welsh life.
0:06:56 > 0:07:01- TE Ellis was one of the main figures - of the Cymru Fydd movement...
0:07:01 > 0:07:05- ..which campaigned - for self-government for Wales.
0:07:05 > 0:07:08- He backed the measure - for national institutions...
0:07:09 > 0:07:12- ..which was introduced - to parliament in 1891.
0:07:12 > 0:07:15- The bill called for a Welsh office, - a parliament for Wales...
0:07:15 > 0:07:18- ..and many other - national institutions.
0:07:19 > 0:07:23- Many Welsh people within Wales...
0:07:24 > 0:07:29- ..were very interested - in their religious denominations.
0:07:29 > 0:07:34- The London Welsh saw the need - in Wales for secular institutions.
0:07:34 > 0:07:39- They had a broader outlook because - they had a universal view of Wales.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42- They were able to make - a valuable contribution.
0:07:44 > 0:07:48- London operated as - the unofficial capital of Wales...
0:07:48 > 0:07:51- ..at the end of the 19th century.
0:07:51 > 0:07:53- The pillars - of modern Wales were built...
0:07:54 > 0:07:58- ..on the ideas, energy - and enthusiasm of the London Welsh.
0:07:59 > 0:08:04- Though the Cymru Fydd movement - failed to inspire the nation...
0:08:04 > 0:08:08- ..it's hard to imagine Wales - without its universities...
0:08:08 > 0:08:10- ..museum and national library.
0:08:11 > 0:08:14- One of Cymru Fydd's young leaders - set his sights...
0:08:14 > 0:08:19- ..on political power on a British - and international level...
0:08:20 > 0:08:22- ..in the early 20th century.
0:08:22 > 0:08:26- For tens of thousands of tourists - around the world...
0:08:26 > 0:08:29- ..Parliament Square - is the centre of London...
0:08:30 > 0:08:33- ..a stone's throw - from the Palace of Westminster.
0:08:33 > 0:08:36- It has been a focal point - for major protests.
0:08:37 > 0:08:39- Keeping a watchful eye...
0:08:39 > 0:08:44- ..are some of the most influential - leaders in the history of the world.
0:08:44 > 0:08:49- Nelson Mandela, Abraham Lincoln - and Sir Winston Churchill.
0:08:51 > 0:08:56- Also here is the charismatic - Welshman David Lloyd George.
0:08:56 > 0:09:01- There's no shortage of prominent - Welshmen in Westminster's history.
0:09:01 > 0:09:05- Pacifist Henry Richard, - devolutionist Tom Ellis...
0:09:05 > 0:09:08- ..and health wizard Aneurin Bevan.
0:09:08 > 0:09:13- But it's only Lloyd George who earns - a place here in Parliament Square.
0:09:13 > 0:09:15- That shouldn't come as a surprise.
0:09:15 > 0:09:21- Few politicians have influenced - the history of the world as he did.
0:09:27 > 0:09:32- A statue of Lloyd George should - have been erected 50 years earlier.
0:09:33 > 0:09:36- If we can't pay homage - to such a prominent Welshman...
0:09:36 > 0:09:38- ..there's something wrong.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42- He should have been - commemorated sooner.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45- He made a great contribution - to social issues.
0:09:45 > 0:09:48- Insurance, pensions, - fighting injustice.
0:09:49 > 0:09:53- Aside from that, he was - the prime minister during WWI.
0:09:53 > 0:09:57- He reached the House of Commons - at the age of 27...
0:09:57 > 0:10:01- ..making Lloyd George - the youngest MP at the time.
0:10:01 > 0:10:04- In 1906, - he was the first Welshman...
0:10:05 > 0:10:08- ..to join the Cabinet - in more than 50 years.
0:10:08 > 0:10:11- He was also - one of the first in Britain...
0:10:11 > 0:10:14- ..to reach that status - as a commoner.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18- His success was a source - of great pride for the Welsh.
0:10:18 > 0:10:23- The remarkable thing about him - was his ordinary background.
0:10:23 > 0:10:28- He was raised by his uncle, - Richard Lloyd...
0:10:29 > 0:10:31- ..who was a cobbler in Llanystumdwy.
0:10:31 > 0:10:35- The family was by no means rich.
0:10:35 > 0:10:40- Lloyd George hadn't attended - a grammar school or a public school.
0:10:40 > 0:10:43- He hadn't been to university - and gained a degree.
0:10:43 > 0:10:46- He got there through his innate - ability as a politician...
0:10:47 > 0:10:51- ..his strong personality and his - astounding ability as an orator.
0:10:54 > 0:10:58- When Lloyd George arrived in London - for the first time...
0:10:58 > 0:11:00- ..as a young solicitor...
0:11:00 > 0:11:04- ..he took full advantage - of the London Welsh network.
0:11:04 > 0:11:06- It was a formidable network.
0:11:06 > 0:11:10- It was a combination - of the old and the new...
0:11:10 > 0:11:15- ..consisting of affluent businessmen - and their grandiose shops.
0:11:15 > 0:11:20- Lloyd George was solicitor for - the drapers' chamber of commerce.
0:11:20 > 0:11:25- But it's important to remember - that amid this urban jungle...
0:11:25 > 0:11:30- ..the old Welsh traditions - were still alive.
0:11:33 > 0:11:38- He attended chapel services - at Castle Street in London.
0:11:38 > 0:11:42- He was faithful to the services - and prayer meetings.
0:11:43 > 0:11:47- He attended the meetings of - the Royal Society of Cymmrodorion.
0:11:47 > 0:11:50- After he moved - to 11 Downing Street...
0:11:51 > 0:11:55- ..as Chancellor of the Exchequer...
0:11:55 > 0:11:59- ..Lloyd George and wife Margaret - made a special effort...
0:11:59 > 0:12:05- ..to employ maids - who were fluent Welsh-speakers.
0:12:05 > 0:12:09- Welsh was the everyday language - of 11 Downing Street...
0:12:09 > 0:12:13- ..during Lloyd George's time - as Chancellor.
0:12:24 > 0:12:28- Might, religion and wealth.
0:12:28 > 0:12:32- Those are the main characteristics - of this wonderful building...
0:12:33 > 0:12:35- ..in the heart of London.
0:12:35 > 0:12:39- Lloyd George's family - has strong ties with this chapel.
0:12:39 > 0:12:43- This is the Welsh Baptist Chapel - of Eastcastle Street...
0:12:43 > 0:12:46- ..central London's Welsh church.
0:12:46 > 0:12:48- As you can see, it's busy here.
0:12:48 > 0:12:51- They're renovating - the entire chapel.
0:12:51 > 0:12:54- A sign of faith - in the future, if you will.
0:12:54 > 0:12:58- Imagine the scene back in 1917.
0:12:58 > 0:13:01- This chapel would have been full.
0:13:01 > 0:13:06- One of David Lloyd George's - daughters was married here.
0:13:09 > 0:13:12- Olwen Lloyd George's marriage - took place...
0:13:12 > 0:13:16- ..in the middle of WWI - when her father was prime minister.
0:13:17 > 0:13:20- The occasion was used - as part of the war effort.
0:13:20 > 0:13:24- Munitions factory workers - and wounded soldiers...
0:13:24 > 0:13:27- ..played a part in the ceremony.
0:13:27 > 0:13:30- During his career, - Lloyd George fought...
0:13:30 > 0:13:33- ..for self-government for Wales...
0:13:33 > 0:13:37- ..laid the foundations - of the welfare state...
0:13:37 > 0:13:40- ..and served as prime minister - during WWI.
0:13:40 > 0:13:46- Sadly, it's his lively private life - that still draws most attention.
0:13:47 > 0:13:51- It's a tragedy that Lloyd George's - colourful life...
0:13:51 > 0:13:57- ..has cast a dark shadow over - his achievements as prime minister.
0:13:57 > 0:14:00- He changed the system of government.
0:14:00 > 0:14:01- It's as simple as that.
0:14:02 > 0:14:03- He created a War Cabinet...
0:14:03 > 0:14:07- ..and a department - for the prime minister himself.
0:14:07 > 0:14:10- When you combine - his ability to govern...
0:14:10 > 0:14:13- ..and his aptitude - for public speaking...
0:14:13 > 0:14:16- ..the result is simply spectacular.
0:14:21 > 0:14:21- .
0:14:25 > 0:14:25- Subtitles
0:14:25 > 0:14:27- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:14:32 > 0:14:36- Gray's Inn is one of the four - Inns of Court in London.
0:14:36 > 0:14:40- Historically, it has attracted - the most Welsh solicitors to London.
0:14:41 > 0:14:43- In one quiet corner is a plaque...
0:14:43 > 0:14:47- ..which testifies to another - Welsh connection with this area.
0:14:48 > 0:14:51- One that was established - during the First World War.
0:14:55 > 0:14:59- The military connection - between Gray's Inn and Wales...
0:14:59 > 0:15:01- ..was incredibly close.
0:15:01 > 0:15:07- The London Welsh Battalion of the - Welch Fusiliers was recruited here.
0:15:07 > 0:15:12- It was also here - that those soldiers were trained.
0:15:14 > 0:15:18- The battalion that was - recruited on Gray's Inn square...
0:15:18 > 0:15:22- ..would fight with the rest - of the Welch Fusiliers...
0:15:22 > 0:15:25- ..in battles such as Mametz Wood.
0:15:25 > 0:15:29- It was in this exact spot that the - soldiers received their training.
0:15:32 > 0:15:36- Major social changes ensued - as a consequence of WWI.
0:15:36 > 0:15:41- Though young Welsh women - had come to London for many years...
0:15:42 > 0:15:45- ..in search of work as maids, - another wave followed...
0:15:46 > 0:15:49- ..in the years - between the two world wars.
0:15:49 > 0:15:53- On the one hand, work in the - munitions factories had ceased...
0:15:53 > 0:15:58- ..but on the other, a recession - was biting in the industrial areas.
0:15:58 > 0:16:02- The effect of this migration - was evident in west London.
0:16:03 > 0:16:07- The streets of Paddington - at the turn of the 20th century...
0:16:07 > 0:16:10- ..were home to thousands - of Welsh people...
0:16:11 > 0:16:13- ..most of whom were workers.
0:16:14 > 0:16:17- But among them - were a few wealthy families.
0:16:17 > 0:16:21- A family from Aberystwyth - lived here, in Formosa Street.
0:16:21 > 0:16:23- The husband was a tax inspector.
0:16:23 > 0:16:27- They had a maid - called Elizabeth Pugh.
0:16:27 > 0:16:29- She was my grandmother's aunt.
0:16:30 > 0:16:33- No doubt she worked downstairs - in the kitchen.
0:16:33 > 0:16:35- She met her husband here in London.
0:16:36 > 0:16:38- He worked in the dairy business.
0:16:38 > 0:16:41- She was one - of the huge army of Welsh maids...
0:16:41 > 0:16:45- ..who were in service - in these large London residences.
0:16:47 > 0:16:52- Poverty in Wales was responsible - for driving many women to London.
0:16:52 > 0:16:56- During the 1920s, - training bases were set up...
0:16:56 > 0:16:59- ..in towns like Aberdare, - Pontypool and Merthyr...
0:16:59 > 0:17:02- ..to train girls in domestic skills.
0:17:03 > 0:17:06- The vast majority of them - went to work as maids.
0:17:07 > 0:17:12- When you look back - on the 1930s Depression in Wales...
0:17:12 > 0:17:18- ..many people moved to London - from areas like the Rhondda.
0:17:18 > 0:17:23- It wasn't their choice to move...
0:17:23 > 0:17:27- ..but they felt they had to move...
0:17:27 > 0:17:29- ..in order to find employment.
0:17:29 > 0:17:35- For them, London - was considered a long way from home.
0:17:35 > 0:17:39- Some people - who had moved from Cardiganshire...
0:17:39 > 0:17:42- ..had never been - to Carmarthen or Aberystwyth before.
0:17:42 > 0:17:44- London was a long way away.
0:17:45 > 0:17:50- For many, working in service - in London was a bad experience.
0:17:50 > 0:17:55- Sending money or food parcels back - to family in Wales was a feat...
0:17:55 > 0:18:00- ..for young women who earned - as little as four shillings a week.
0:18:00 > 0:18:05- They were plagued by feelings of - loneliness and a longing for home.
0:18:05 > 0:18:08- In 1925, in one extreme case...
0:18:09 > 0:18:12- ..a girl from Trefforest - took her own life...
0:18:12 > 0:18:16- ..a mere ten days - after reaching the big city.
0:18:16 > 0:18:18- There were painful experiences...
0:18:19 > 0:18:21- ..but there were - pleasant experiences too.
0:18:22 > 0:18:26- A Christian committee was formed - to protect the Welsh women.
0:18:26 > 0:18:30- It was called - the Fellowship of Reconciliation.
0:18:30 > 0:18:33- They helped women - from Wales' poorer areas...
0:18:34 > 0:18:37- ..to find work in service - here in London.
0:18:37 > 0:18:42- Their priority was to make sure - the girls settled down...
0:18:42 > 0:18:45- ..and that the work was appropriate.
0:18:48 > 0:18:54- Women from the London Welsh's middle - classes who attended the chapels...
0:18:54 > 0:18:56- ..had established their own society.
0:18:57 > 0:19:02- The London Welsh Friendly Girls' Aid - Society would visit the maids...
0:19:02 > 0:19:04- ..and find - appropriate work for them.
0:19:06 > 0:19:09- The establishment's stamp - was on this society.
0:19:10 > 0:19:14- Lloyd George's wife, Margaret, - was its president.
0:19:14 > 0:19:16- By the start of the 1930s...
0:19:16 > 0:19:20- ..there were at least 10,000 - young women in service in London...
0:19:21 > 0:19:23- ..but things were changing rapidly.
0:19:23 > 0:19:28- Domestic appliances and electrical - gadgets were being invented.
0:19:28 > 0:19:30- The demand for maids dwindled.
0:19:31 > 0:19:33- On top of that, - new jobs were available.
0:19:33 > 0:19:36- Clerical work and factory work...
0:19:36 > 0:19:42- ..especially in munitions factories - on the threshold of WWII.
0:19:42 > 0:19:45- As the number of maids fell...
0:19:45 > 0:19:50- ..the number of teachers who came - from Wales to London increased.
0:19:51 > 0:19:57- Most of the city's 10,000 schools - had a Welsh member of staff.
0:19:57 > 0:20:00- In the case - of author Hafina Clwyd...
0:20:00 > 0:20:04- ..she was one of six Miss Joneses - in the school where she worked.
0:20:07 > 0:20:11- It's not difficult to imagine - the impact migration had on Wales...
0:20:12 > 0:20:15- ..as thousands of young people, - including teachers...
0:20:15 > 0:20:19- ..flocked here to the city - and enjoyed new experiences...
0:20:19 > 0:20:21- ..especially in the theatre world.
0:20:22 > 0:20:26- They returned to Wales, taking - those creative ideas with them.
0:20:30 > 0:20:34- The theatre world in Wales - benefited greatly...
0:20:34 > 0:20:39- ..from the experiences some of - the young teachers had in London.
0:20:39 > 0:20:43- Influential playwright, lecturer and - drama producer John Gwilym Jones...
0:20:44 > 0:20:47- ..spent his early career - teaching in London.
0:20:47 > 0:20:52- He spent four years there - at the end of the 1920s.
0:20:52 > 0:20:55- The major advantage - for John Gwilym Jones...
0:20:56 > 0:20:59- ..and his fellow young Welshmen - in London...
0:20:59 > 0:21:04- ..was that they were in contact with - a prominent and wealthy network.
0:21:04 > 0:21:08- And here we are, in one - of that community's main centres.
0:21:08 > 0:21:12- This is the former Welsh chapel - in Charing Cross Road.
0:21:12 > 0:21:15- It's a very striking building.
0:21:15 > 0:21:18- The chapel closed in 1982.
0:21:18 > 0:21:23- The building was sold in 1984 - and turned into a nightclub.
0:21:24 > 0:21:26- Now, it's vacant once again.
0:21:26 > 0:21:30- Bear in mind that this chapel - is in the heart of the West End.
0:21:30 > 0:21:33- The theatre world - is on the doorstep.
0:21:33 > 0:21:37- John Gwilym capitalized on that - before returning to Wales...
0:21:37 > 0:21:40- ..to become - a prominent literary figure.
0:21:43 > 0:21:47- But he wasn't the only giant - of the Welsh literary world...
0:21:47 > 0:21:49- ..to be enticed to the city.
0:21:49 > 0:21:53- Playwright Gwenlyn Parry - spent four years in London too.
0:21:53 > 0:21:58- The author of Y Twr and Grand Slam - worked as a maths teacher.
0:21:58 > 0:22:03- Like John Gwilym Jones, he spent - much of his time in the West End.
0:22:07 > 0:22:11- By getting involved with - the London Welsh Dramatic Society...
0:22:11 > 0:22:14- ..he came into contact - with Rhydderch Jones...
0:22:14 > 0:22:18- ..with whom he wrote - the comedy series Fo A Fe.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21- Rhydderch - was an English teacher in London.
0:22:21 > 0:22:25- He got to know the star - of Fo A Fe, Ryan Davies...
0:22:25 > 0:22:27- ..who was a teacher in Croydon.
0:22:28 > 0:22:32- Ryan had already studied at the - Central School of Speech and Drama.
0:22:32 > 0:22:38- He combined his love of performing - with his work as a teacher.
0:22:38 > 0:22:43- Ryan took a choir from the school - to compete at the Eisteddfod.
0:22:44 > 0:22:47- Many London Welsh stalwarts - remember him.
0:22:47 > 0:22:50- You said, "Shw mae?" and I felt...
0:22:50 > 0:22:53- .."He can't be too bad," - I said to myself!
0:22:53 > 0:22:58- In order to get a comprehensive - view of London's contribution...
0:22:58 > 0:23:02- ..to the culture of Wales - during the mid-20th century...
0:23:02 > 0:23:07- ..you must come here, to one of the - most affluent areas of north London.
0:23:07 > 0:23:09- St John's Wood.
0:23:09 > 0:23:12- It was on this street, - Carlton Hill...
0:23:12 > 0:23:16- ..that one of the nation's - most talented writers lived.
0:23:16 > 0:23:19- Caradog Prichard, a crowned bard...
0:23:19 > 0:23:22- ..and author - of the famous Un Nos Ola Leuad.
0:23:23 > 0:23:27- I was talking to someone from the - Western Mail about it last night.
0:23:27 > 0:23:31- Yes, if you got enough men - with plenty of money...
0:23:31 > 0:23:34- If you consult - the closest census...
0:23:34 > 0:23:39- ..to the time Caradog and Mattie - moved from Cardiff to London...
0:23:39 > 0:23:43- ..almost 60,000 Welsh people - lived in London.
0:23:43 > 0:23:47- The fact that they moved there - wasn't unusual in the least.
0:23:47 > 0:23:50- Caradog was looking for a change.
0:23:50 > 0:23:55- He was tired of working - for the Western Mail in Cardiff.
0:23:56 > 0:23:59- Mattie had heard a lot - about London from her family.
0:23:59 > 0:24:03- Her parents had met in London - when they were young.
0:24:03 > 0:24:06- Mattie's father - was a tailor at the time...
0:24:07 > 0:24:09- ..and had trained in Savile Row.
0:24:12 > 0:24:16- In terms of earning a living, - Caradog Prichard was a journalist.
0:24:17 > 0:24:20- He initially worked - for the News Chronicle...
0:24:20 > 0:24:22- ..and then the Daily Telegraph.
0:24:22 > 0:24:25- He failed to find a job - back in Wales.
0:24:26 > 0:24:29- In his own words, he compromised.
0:24:29 > 0:24:33- He was an Englishman at work - and a Welshman at home.
0:24:35 > 0:24:37- Hello. What do you want?
0:24:37 > 0:24:39- Right. It's ready now.
0:24:40 > 0:24:45- He held his work as a Welsh writer - and poet in higher regard...
0:24:46 > 0:24:50- ..and sometimes considered - being a journalist...
0:24:50 > 0:24:55- ..as something superficial, - temporary and meaningless.
0:24:55 > 0:24:58- The Welsh literary - and poetic world...
0:24:58 > 0:25:03- ..had more substance and value.
0:25:03 > 0:25:07- It caused him a lot of tension - throughout his life.
0:25:09 > 0:25:13- At the time, Caradog Prichard - and his wife Mattie...
0:25:13 > 0:25:17- ..were the king and queen - of the London Welsh.
0:25:17 > 0:25:21- They held literary - and musical soirees at their home...
0:25:21 > 0:25:24- ..that went on into the early hours.
0:25:24 > 0:25:28- The guests included some - of the biggest names of the day...
0:25:28 > 0:25:31- ..including Richard Burton - and Stanley Baker.
0:25:35 > 0:25:38- Wales' renowned singers - have been here.
0:25:38 > 0:25:42- I've been fortunate to meet them - and help them, if I can.
0:25:42 > 0:25:46- Even those who are starting - their career have come here.
0:25:46 > 0:25:50- People came and went all the time...
0:25:50 > 0:25:55- ..because Mattie - liked organizing these soirees.
0:25:55 > 0:25:57- They were regular occurrences.
0:25:57 > 0:26:01- People like Ryan Davies - and Rhydderch Jones dropped in.
0:26:02 > 0:26:07- The playwright Gwenlyn Parry - and Hafina Clwyd were others.
0:26:08 > 0:26:10- We used to sing hymns all night.
0:26:10 > 0:26:13- I remember one time...
0:26:13 > 0:26:17- ..when everybody had a hymn book...
0:26:18 > 0:26:21- ..someone was at the piano, - and we sang hymns...
0:26:21 > 0:26:24- ..until four or five in the morning.
0:26:24 > 0:26:26- Imagine that! How silly!
0:26:26 > 0:26:30- Caradog's wife Mattie - was quite a character too.
0:26:30 > 0:26:32- During the Second World War...
0:26:33 > 0:26:35- ..she worked for MI5...
0:26:35 > 0:26:38- ..censoring - international phone calls.
0:26:38 > 0:26:42- It's said that she stopped - Churchill mid-sentence...
0:26:42 > 0:26:44- ..in case he revealed a secret.
0:26:44 > 0:26:48- If you phoned someone in New York...
0:26:48 > 0:26:52- ..the enemy out in the Atlantic - could pick up that conversation.
0:26:53 > 0:26:55- You had to know - when people were speaking.
0:26:56 > 0:26:58- You had to be discreet.
0:26:58 > 0:27:00- Who did you hear speaking?
0:27:00 > 0:27:03- Mr Churchill. - He sat here at the time.
0:27:03 > 0:27:07- I'd listen to him - and I'd listen to Mr Roosevelt.
0:27:07 > 0:27:11- I'd listen to Mr Eisenhower - talking to Churchill.
0:27:11 > 0:27:15- Montgomery speaking to Eisenhower. - I listened to them all.
0:27:15 > 0:27:20- Mattie wrote a weekly column - in Y Cymro newspaper...
0:27:20 > 0:27:24- ..Colofn Mati Wyn o Lundain.
0:27:24 > 0:27:28- Caradog edited Y Ddinas, - the London Welsh periodical.
0:27:31 > 0:27:35- This is a building which embodies - strength, power and influence.
0:27:36 > 0:27:40- It's the former home of the - Daily Telegraph on Fleet Street.
0:27:40 > 0:27:44- A Conservative newspaper - which still exudes Englishness.
0:27:44 > 0:27:46- It's odd to think...
0:27:46 > 0:27:51- ..that one of Wales' brightest - poets, Caradog Prichard...
0:27:51 > 0:27:53- ..worked here for many years...
0:27:53 > 0:27:56- ..as a night editor - among colourful hacks.
0:28:07 > 0:28:09- He was a respected journalist...
0:28:10 > 0:28:14- ..but none of his fellow workers...
0:28:14 > 0:28:18- ..had any idea of his achievements - as a poet and author.
0:28:18 > 0:28:21- The worlds of Fleet Street - and the Eisteddfod...
0:28:21 > 0:28:24- ..did possibly come together - on one occasion.
0:28:25 > 0:28:30- After Caradog won the Chair - at the 1962 Llanelli Eisteddfod...
0:28:30 > 0:28:36- ..a fake chairing ceremony was held - in the Daily Telegraph office.
0:28:36 > 0:28:40- Are you going to return to Wales? - London's not that far away.
0:28:40 > 0:28:45- So many people have asked me - if I'm going to return to Wales...
0:28:45 > 0:28:49- ..and I've decided - to come back this year.
0:28:49 > 0:28:52- If not this year, then next year.
0:28:52 > 0:28:58- "I can already smell - the sweet aroma of Wales
0:28:58 > 0:29:01- "Blowing in the gentle breeze
0:29:01 > 0:29:04- "The homeland is undoubtedly near."
0:29:09 > 0:29:09- .
0:29:13 > 0:29:13- Subtitles
0:29:13 > 0:29:15- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:29:18 > 0:29:22- The history of the London Welsh - and the city's chapels...
0:29:22 > 0:29:26- ..have been interlinked - since the end of the 18th century...
0:29:26 > 0:29:31- ..but reached a lively climax - during the 1930s.
0:29:31 > 0:29:35- This was the golden age in - the history of the London chapels.
0:29:36 > 0:29:39- Charing Cross Road Chapel - is a perfect example.
0:29:39 > 0:29:42- Eight hundred members during WWI...
0:29:42 > 0:29:45- ..and 1,200 members - during the 1930s.
0:29:45 > 0:29:50- The same was true of Jewin, Castle - Street and King's Cross chapels.
0:29:50 > 0:29:55- There were 30 Welsh chapels - and churches across the city.
0:29:56 > 0:30:00- But everything changed - with the outbreak of WWII.
0:30:06 > 0:30:11- The chapels have been key in - the history of London Welsh life...
0:30:12 > 0:30:16- ..in terms of Welsh religion, - language and culture in the city.
0:30:17 > 0:30:20- They were the focal point - of Welsh life...
0:30:21 > 0:30:23- ..for the migrants from Wales.
0:30:23 > 0:30:25- They felt at home there.
0:30:25 > 0:30:29- It was one of the rare opportunities - to speak Welsh...
0:30:29 > 0:30:31- ..and worship in Welsh.
0:30:32 > 0:30:34- When London's chapels - were at their busiest...
0:30:35 > 0:30:39- ..they were social centres - as well as places of worship.
0:30:39 > 0:30:42- Activities were held - every day of the week.
0:30:42 > 0:30:47- We'd have a service in the morning - for a handful of people...
0:30:47 > 0:30:50- ..who were all - in the dairy industry.
0:30:50 > 0:30:54- For Sunday school in the afternoon, - more than 100 would attend.
0:30:54 > 0:30:57- At night, 300 would attend.
0:30:57 > 0:31:00- A prayer meeting - was held on Monday night.
0:31:00 > 0:31:02- There was a literature society.
0:31:03 > 0:31:05- Thursdays - were half-days for the dairies.
0:31:05 > 0:31:09- Annual concerts were always held - on a Thursday night.
0:31:10 > 0:31:15- On Friday nights, - there were classes for young people.
0:31:15 > 0:31:17- Welsh classes were also held.
0:31:17 > 0:31:20- There was something - every night of the week.
0:31:20 > 0:31:24- Young people sang in a choir - and played table tennis.
0:31:24 > 0:31:27- There was a table tennis league - in London...
0:31:27 > 0:31:30- ..in which every chapel competed.
0:31:30 > 0:31:34- It was a way for all the chapel - members to get to know each other.
0:31:34 > 0:31:38- We all know each other these days - because there are so few of us.
0:31:42 > 0:31:48- During the Blitz, many Welsh chapels - were bombed, including Jewin.
0:31:49 > 0:31:51- The congregation had to meet...
0:31:51 > 0:31:55- ..at the London Welsh Club - on Gray's Inn Road for 20 years...
0:31:55 > 0:31:59- ..but many weddings - were held in the chapel's ruins.
0:31:59 > 0:32:05- The chapel that stood here - before this one was bombed in 1940.
0:32:05 > 0:32:09- It was almost totally destroyed. - Very little of it remained.
0:32:09 > 0:32:13- After the bombing, - my grandfather, Reverend DS Owen...
0:32:13 > 0:32:17- ..was determined - that the chapel would be restored.
0:32:17 > 0:32:19- Like a phoenix from the ashes.
0:32:19 > 0:32:22- When the chapel reopened...
0:32:22 > 0:32:28- ..they built it for a congregation - of 1,100 members.
0:32:28 > 0:32:32- They placed the organ - in the gallery above...
0:32:32 > 0:32:35- ..because they needed - more pews on the floor.
0:32:37 > 0:32:41- Over 1,000 London Welsh attended the - dedication service at Jewin Chapel.
0:32:42 > 0:32:45- The modern building stands - on the site of the former chapel...
0:32:46 > 0:32:49- ..which was destroyed - by the enemy in the last war.
0:32:52 > 0:32:58- Following WWII, chapel membership - gradually declined.
0:32:58 > 0:33:03- At one time, there were 30 - Welsh chapels dotted around London.
0:33:03 > 0:33:08- These days, only eight - hold any kind of service in Welsh.
0:33:11 > 0:33:14- During my early years...
0:33:14 > 0:33:19- ..I received many families - who had moved from Wales.
0:33:19 > 0:33:21- During Elfed's era...
0:33:21 > 0:33:24- ..it was very common for him...
0:33:25 > 0:33:29- ..to receive 100 or more - membership letters a year.
0:33:29 > 0:33:34- But during - the past quarter of a century...
0:33:34 > 0:33:39- ..the migration to London - has become less and less and less.
0:33:41 > 0:33:45- As the chapel's importance - to the London Welsh waned...
0:33:46 > 0:33:51- ..their fervour was transferred - to a different institution.
0:33:51 > 0:33:55- The rugby club, the most famous - of which is London Welsh.
0:33:55 > 0:33:59- The club enjoyed - a golden era in the 1970s...
0:33:59 > 0:34:04- ..but the Old Deer Park institution - has a long and prosperous history.
0:34:04 > 0:34:08- When the club was founded, - we didn't play at Old Deer Park.
0:34:09 > 0:34:12- We played for a while - at Herne Hill...
0:34:12 > 0:34:16- ..and other locations - in London before that.
0:34:16 > 0:34:19- We've been at Old Deer Park - for more than half a century.
0:34:20 > 0:34:24- Our first game - was against London Scottish.
0:34:24 > 0:34:28- During the early years, - we played against London clubs...
0:34:28 > 0:34:31- ..like Blackheath and Rosslyn Park.
0:34:31 > 0:34:35- That's how we started out - more than a century ago.
0:34:36 > 0:34:39- The club was established in 1885.
0:34:39 > 0:34:44- The Wales team trains at the ground - before games at Twickenham.
0:34:45 > 0:34:49- The club was established - through the efforts of Dr TJ Pryce.
0:34:49 > 0:34:51- The Carmarthenshire rector's son...
0:34:52 > 0:34:55- ..ran a surgery - behind the Palladium theatre.
0:34:55 > 0:35:00- Pryce had already won two caps - for Wales, playing on the wing.
0:35:00 > 0:35:03- Another doctor - was a key figure at the time.
0:35:03 > 0:35:06- Dr RL Thomas, - who'd won six caps for Wales...
0:35:06 > 0:35:09- ..and worked - as Carmarthenshire's coroner.
0:35:09 > 0:35:15- The team now plays many of its games - in a modern stadium near Oxford.
0:35:16 > 0:35:19- But they still return - to their spiritual home...
0:35:19 > 0:35:22- ..of Old Deer Park for some games.
0:35:22 > 0:35:28- The club's long history continues - to attract young Welsh people...
0:35:28 > 0:35:32- ..to play for the men's - and women's teams.
0:35:32 > 0:35:35- One is Cai Griffiths - from Bontnewydd.
0:35:35 > 0:35:39- The club is steeped in history.
0:35:39 > 0:35:41- 144 players have played for Wales.
0:35:41 > 0:35:47- Some 50 Lions players - have played for London Welsh.
0:35:47 > 0:35:52- The old greats have played for this - club, which makes it really special.
0:35:53 > 0:35:55- It's like a home from home here.
0:35:55 > 0:35:59- If you want to speak Welsh, - you've people to talk to.
0:35:59 > 0:36:03- It's more than just a rugby club. - It's shrouded in history.
0:36:04 > 0:36:08- The club's most famous period - was during the 1960s and 1970s...
0:36:08 > 0:36:13- ..when some of the giants - of Welsh rugby played regularly.
0:36:13 > 0:36:17- London Welsh - has bred more Lions players...
0:36:17 > 0:36:21- ..than any other club, - including the seven who played...
0:36:21 > 0:36:24- ..during the 1971 Wales tour - to New Zealand.
0:36:24 > 0:36:28- John Dawes, John Taylor, - JPR Williams, Gerald Davies...
0:36:28 > 0:36:31- ..and Mervyn Davies - played in every test.
0:36:32 > 0:36:34- Edwards to John. The whole line out.
0:36:35 > 0:36:38- Williams in again. - Give it to Gerald Davies.
0:36:38 > 0:36:43- These players' backgrounds reflected - the composition of the London Welsh.
0:36:43 > 0:36:49- Most were teachers, and JPR, like - the club's founders, was a doctor.
0:36:49 > 0:36:51- Tons of courage and guts.
0:36:52 > 0:36:53- .
0:36:55 > 0:36:55- Subtitles
0:36:55 > 0:36:57- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:37:01 > 0:37:03- During the 20th century...
0:37:03 > 0:37:08- ..one institution has regularly - served the London Welsh community.
0:37:08 > 0:37:10- It's on the threshold of a new era.
0:37:11 > 0:37:14- Over the decades, - thousands of London Welsh...
0:37:14 > 0:37:17- ..have climbed this staircase.
0:37:17 > 0:37:22- Teachers, actors, - singers, doctors...
0:37:22 > 0:37:24- ..solicitors - and all kinds of workers.
0:37:25 > 0:37:27- Everyone came here to socialize...
0:37:28 > 0:37:31- ..and enjoy the life - of the London Welsh Club.
0:37:31 > 0:37:34- This club opened in 1937...
0:37:34 > 0:37:39- ..thanks to the generosity - of one man, Sir Howell Williams.
0:37:39 > 0:37:42- He was a prominent builder - and very wealthy.
0:37:43 > 0:37:45- He was also a London politician.
0:37:45 > 0:37:49- You'll notice that there's - a large bar here nowadays.
0:37:49 > 0:37:52- But when the club opened - back in the 1930s...
0:37:52 > 0:37:57- ..the idea of having a bar here - caused a scandal.
0:37:58 > 0:38:02- One of Sir Howell Williams' - stipulations...
0:38:02 > 0:38:06- ..was that no alcohol - would be sold on the premises.
0:38:06 > 0:38:10- By the 1960s, many people, - including Dafydd Wigley...
0:38:10 > 0:38:12- ..campaigned to have a bar there.
0:38:13 > 0:38:16- The centre - isn't a club at the moment.
0:38:16 > 0:38:19- People come here - for various activities...
0:38:19 > 0:38:23- ..but don't sit down - and socialize with one another.
0:38:24 > 0:38:26- The situation is rather cliquey.
0:38:26 > 0:38:28- People stick to certain groups.
0:38:28 > 0:38:33- Usually, they disappear - to one of the pubs across the road.
0:38:33 > 0:38:37- Having a bar would mean - that people could sit around...
0:38:37 > 0:38:42- ..and talk to each other, creating - more of an atmosphere in the centre.
0:38:42 > 0:38:45- It would go - from being a centre to a club.
0:38:47 > 0:38:49- We know that there's a demand...
0:38:50 > 0:38:53- ..for those facilities - on these premises.
0:38:53 > 0:38:55- We also know that many are opposed.
0:38:59 > 0:39:03- These days, the bar - is an integral part of the centre.
0:39:03 > 0:39:07- The latest generation to take the - reins want to develop the club too.
0:39:08 > 0:39:11- They want to make sure - that it meets the needs...
0:39:11 > 0:39:16- ..of the scattered London Welsh - community in the 21st century.
0:39:16 > 0:39:20- They're currently working - on ambitious plans...
0:39:20 > 0:39:23- ..with the architect - of the Millennium Centre.
0:39:24 > 0:39:29- It fills me with pride that I'm - the centre's first chief executive.
0:39:29 > 0:39:34- The centre has greatly benefited - from voluntary work over the years.
0:39:34 > 0:39:39- People have given their time - to ensure the centre's future.
0:39:40 > 0:39:44- A young team came together - as the centre's trustees...
0:39:44 > 0:39:48- ..and decided that someone - needed to manage the centre daily...
0:39:48 > 0:39:53- ..to improve facilities - and to widen its appeal.
0:40:01 > 0:40:04- We're proud - of the centre's heritage...
0:40:04 > 0:40:08- ..but it's an old building - and improvements need to be made.
0:40:08 > 0:40:11- We're planning - to redevelop the centre...
0:40:12 > 0:40:15- ..but the challenge - is to retain the balance...
0:40:16 > 0:40:18- ..of tradition and history...
0:40:18 > 0:40:21- ..whilst still - looking to the future...
0:40:21 > 0:40:24- ..and accommodating - the modern-day London Welsh.
0:40:25 > 0:40:29- # For the sake of your Son
0:40:29 > 0:40:35- # Who died upon the cross
0:40:35 > 0:40:39- # Create a land
0:40:40 > 0:40:45- # In His name #
0:40:57 > 0:41:01- For those who claim that - the London Welsh need more energy...
0:41:01 > 0:41:05- ..then come here, - to another 20th century institution.
0:41:06 > 0:41:10- This is the London Welsh School, - which opened in 1958.
0:41:10 > 0:41:13- It's an island of Welshness - in northwest London.
0:41:13 > 0:41:17- Sustaining this school - financially and practically...
0:41:18 > 0:41:21- ..has been an enormous challenge - over the years.
0:41:24 > 0:41:28- It was a speech - by the patriotic Meredydd Evans...
0:41:28 > 0:41:33- ..that inspired a group of fathers - to establish the school.
0:41:33 > 0:41:37- They used to meet - on Saturdays during the 1950s.
0:41:38 > 0:41:42- They heard Mered giving a speech - about Welsh education.
0:41:42 > 0:41:47- By 1958, they came together...
0:41:48 > 0:41:51- ..and founded the school - in that year.
0:41:52 > 0:41:56- The school was initially situated - on Hungerford Road...
0:41:56 > 0:41:58- ..but most of the time...
0:41:58 > 0:42:02- ..it operated from a Welsh - chapel vestry in Willesden Green.
0:42:02 > 0:42:05- It stayed there - from the 1960s to 2000.
0:42:06 > 0:42:10- The Welsh School is held here, - in Willesden Green Chapel.
0:42:10 > 0:42:15- It is testament to the perseverance - of a handful of parents.
0:42:15 > 0:42:19- They don't receive a penny from - public coffers to run the school...
0:42:20 > 0:42:22- ..and pay its two teachers.
0:42:23 > 0:42:25- When Willesden Green was sold...
0:42:25 > 0:42:28- ..it was difficult - finding a new home for the school.
0:42:29 > 0:42:32- Weeks before the school opened - in September 2000...
0:42:33 > 0:42:36- ..we found this site - in Stonebridge.
0:42:36 > 0:42:39- We've been here for almost 15 years.
0:42:51 > 0:42:54- There are currently - 37 children on the register.
0:42:54 > 0:42:59- It's more like a rural Welsh school - than an inner-city school.
0:43:00 > 0:43:03- Sometimes, we worry - about pupil numbers...
0:43:03 > 0:43:08- ..but when you consider there were - once only five, we're doing well.
0:43:09 > 0:43:12- Sadly, pupil numbers - will always be up and down.
0:43:13 > 0:43:18- But I'm confident we'll be here - for a good few years yet.
0:43:22 > 0:43:25- The school is growing and evolving.
0:43:25 > 0:43:30- But the London Welsh community - is scattered all over London.
0:43:30 > 0:43:34- Every family can't send - their children to a school...
0:43:34 > 0:43:36- ..that's situated in the northwest.
0:43:36 > 0:43:39- There's also a financial challenge.
0:43:39 > 0:43:43- Parents must pay fees - of 800 a term.
0:43:43 > 0:43:48- However, the Welsh Government offers - the school financial assistance.
0:43:50 > 0:43:55- More recently, the Assembly - has been very generous...
0:43:55 > 0:43:58- ..and raised its contribution.
0:43:58 > 0:44:01- Without that, - the school would have had to close.
0:44:01 > 0:44:05- Financing the school - is a constant challenge.
0:44:05 > 0:44:09- We rely on parents paying fees...
0:44:09 > 0:44:13- ..and there are always - fundraising campaigns going on.
0:44:13 > 0:44:17- Without the parents, - the school wouldn't survive.
0:44:17 > 0:44:21- They do lunch duties and help - with maintenance and upkeep.
0:44:22 > 0:44:25- The parents are very important.
0:44:34 > 0:44:37- In the 21st century, - the relationship...
0:44:37 > 0:44:41- ..between Wales and London - has fundamentally changed.
0:44:41 > 0:44:46- But thousands of young Welsh people - still flock to the city...
0:44:46 > 0:44:51- ..to capitalize on opportunities - that aren't available in Wales.
0:44:51 > 0:44:53- New movements are emerging...
0:44:53 > 0:44:57- ..which promote Wales' interests - across the world.
0:45:03 > 0:45:06- One of the latest - is Wales In London...
0:45:07 > 0:45:11- ..a forum that promotes Wales - in Europe's business capital...
0:45:12 > 0:45:14- ..providing a chance to network...
0:45:15 > 0:45:20- ..and a platform to discuss - issues important to Wales.
0:45:20 > 0:45:23- It's an institution - that was founded in the 1990s...
0:45:24 > 0:45:27- ..and has gone - from strength to strength.
0:45:27 > 0:45:30- We meet once a month, - where possible.
0:45:30 > 0:45:36- There's a close link - with the business world.
0:45:36 > 0:45:42- Many London Welsh hold prominent - positions in business and banking.
0:45:42 > 0:45:45- We promote - our associations with them...
0:45:45 > 0:45:50- ..and ask them to explain their - success in the business world...
0:45:50 > 0:45:52- ..or the world of commerce.
0:45:53 > 0:45:56- As directors, - we try to encourage Welsh people...
0:45:56 > 0:46:02- ..to use the capital as a platform - for business and institutions.
0:46:02 > 0:46:08- Recently, it's happening - more and more with charities too.
0:46:08 > 0:46:11- The good thing about the members...
0:46:11 > 0:46:14- ..is that they're - from different backgrounds.
0:46:14 > 0:46:18- There are solicitors, - doctors, politicians...
0:46:18 > 0:46:23- ..civil servants and people - from the wider business community.
0:46:24 > 0:46:29- The events vary - from social and creative ventures...
0:46:29 > 0:46:32- ..to economic, business...
0:46:32 > 0:46:35- ..and the ever-popular - sports-orientated events.
0:46:36 > 0:46:39- But we get down - to some serious business...
0:46:39 > 0:46:44- ..when these events take place.
0:46:44 > 0:46:47- Many of the members...
0:46:47 > 0:46:52- ..use the events to network...
0:46:53 > 0:46:56- ..and develop relationships - in various fields...
0:46:56 > 0:46:59- ..that the members represent.
0:47:09 > 0:47:14- The London Welsh - have a very rich history.
0:47:14 > 0:47:19- There have been five centuries of - coming and going, of ebb and flow.
0:47:19 > 0:47:22- They are Welsh exiles, - to some extent...
0:47:22 > 0:47:24- ..but they are Welsh people...
0:47:25 > 0:47:28- ..who have always made - a generous contribution...
0:47:28 > 0:47:30- ..to their nation's culture.
0:47:31 > 0:47:33- And their story continues.
0:48:02 > 0:48:04- S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.
0:48:04 > 0:48:04- .