:00:16. > :00:21.Good morning from the heart of London on a bright, sunny morning.
:00:22. > :00:26.Yesterday's rain has cleared away and we can see the whole skyline
:00:27. > :00:34.from the new Shard on the far-right there, the River Thames, the London
:00:35. > :00:38.Eye on the left. The plain trees are still out in early autumn. The sun
:00:39. > :00:44.is shining on the Palace of Westminster, Big Ben just behind the
:00:45. > :00:52.square tower. Across to Westminster Abbey on the left of the picture.
:00:53. > :00:58.Between those two great buildings is Parliament Square and Whitehall. You
:00:59. > :01:06.can just glimpse the little white shape of the Cenotaph in this end of
:01:07. > :01:11.Whitehall where today's ceremonial is focussed. At the moment, the
:01:12. > :01:18.preparations are still going on for the beginning of the ceremony, on
:01:19. > :01:22.the Great Parade Ground of Horse Guards, over 10,000 men and women
:01:23. > :01:27.have been assembling for the last two hours, veterans from all the
:01:28. > :01:36.services, some in uniform with their medals newly polished, proudly worn
:01:37. > :01:40.on their chests. Others with bowler hats and umbrellas. All of them
:01:41. > :01:43.people who have been involved either directly in the war or are
:01:44. > :01:53.descendants of people killed in World War One and World War Two.
:01:54. > :01:58.This morning each year, as close to November 11th as can be, is a great
:01:59. > :02:04.moment not just for the nation to remember, but for these people to
:02:05. > :02:10.remember, to meet with their old comrades. On Whitehall, the bands
:02:11. > :02:14.have been taking their place. And the Hollow Square which surrounds
:02:15. > :02:19.the Cenotaph is assembling. Then great crowds which have been here
:02:20. > :02:25.since early, too. All people come to listen to music played year after
:02:26. > :02:33.year. At the heart of this extraordinary event is silence. The
:02:34. > :02:40.first silence took place in November 1919. An observer said, "Nothing
:02:41. > :02:44.under heaven is so full of awe as the complete silence of a mighty
:02:45. > :02:50.crowd." Here and across the country, ever since 1919, that silence has
:02:51. > :02:55.been observed. It was suggested originally to the War Cabinet by a
:02:56. > :03:01.father whose son had been killed in France. Each year since operations
:03:02. > :03:07.began in Afghanistan, a similar service of commemoration has been
:03:08. > :03:10.held in the desert fortress of Camp Bastion in Helmand Province, the
:03:11. > :03:14.headquarters of the British and Commonwealth forces fighting there.
:03:15. > :03:18.This time next year, the plan, of course, is to have most of those men
:03:19. > :03:22.and women withdrawn. But until then, they continue to operate in a
:03:23. > :03:26.dangerous and unpredictable theatre of war. This morning, they gathered
:03:27. > :03:46.to remember the 446 killed here in the last 11 years.
:03:47. > :04:20.After the Last Post sounded, the Duke of York led the mourners laying
:04:21. > :04:25.a wreath here. He had been here before in the summer at Camp
:04:26. > :04:47.Bastion. Here in London, those who died and
:04:48. > :04:55.were wounded in Afghanistan will be among the many thousands - and
:04:56. > :04:59.millions of dead remembered this morning. There are many veterans
:05:00. > :05:04.here and this morning Sophie Raworth is going to be talking to some of
:05:05. > :05:14.them, people who either are serving or did serve as members of the armed
:05:15. > :05:18.forces. I'm here in Whitehall with Colonel Matt Jackson, the commanding
:05:19. > :05:22.officer for 40 Commando Royal Marines until recently. This is your
:05:23. > :05:29.first time here at the Cenotaph. This time last year, you were in
:05:30. > :05:36.Afghanistan. What was that like? We were standing in a dusty place
:05:37. > :05:41.conducting a private service for all the people that were at the camp. An
:05:42. > :05:46.intensely personal and emotional event to take place in Afghanistan.
:05:47. > :05:53.Very different to what goes on here today? Absolutely. At this time last
:05:54. > :05:58.year, the Commando Group had taken four fatalities at that point. So it
:05:59. > :06:03.was an incredibly poignant moment. Once that service is open, they all
:06:04. > :06:08.go back to work? They do. At 11.00am, what will you, who will you
:06:09. > :06:13.be thinking of when Big Ben strikes? I always think about those families
:06:14. > :06:28.who have been most recently bereaved. So I will be thinking
:06:29. > :06:35.about WO2 Fishermeadly. -- WO2 Fisher immediately. Here with us as
:06:36. > :06:38.well is Colonel Mike Brooke. You are the Parade Commander here today. You
:06:39. > :06:46.come back year after year. What brings you back? I come back to, in
:06:47. > :06:52.quite a silent way, to commemorate all the sacrifice that Royal
:06:53. > :06:55.Engineers Bomb Disposal have contributed over the years. On this
:06:56. > :07:02.lovely sunny day, we should perhaps remember that in 1940, during the
:07:03. > :07:10.Blitz, there were 20,000 bomb disposal engineers working hard to
:07:11. > :07:14.defuse 24,000 unexploded bombs and 235 paid the terrible price with
:07:15. > :07:18.their life. So we owe a lot, I think, to those who have gone
:07:19. > :07:22.before. It is a great tribute with my colleagues and friends to come
:07:23. > :07:27.here and pay that silent tribute as we go past the memorial. What is it
:07:28. > :07:30.like, as you pass the Cenotaph, and also during the two minutes'
:07:31. > :07:36.silence, what is it like for you for people around us here now? I bring
:07:37. > :07:44.myself up-to-date in a way. I think of those in Afghanistan, since that
:07:45. > :07:49.campaign, 22 explosive ordnance operators from the Royal Engineers,
:07:50. > :07:53.the Royal Navy, who have paid a terrible price to make that country
:07:54. > :07:59.safer and give the Afghan people a chance now to have agriculture and
:08:00. > :08:03.education. I am hopeful for them and I try and have a hopeful, positive
:08:04. > :08:09.twist as well as remembering those who have gone before. Colonel Matt
:08:10. > :08:12.Jackson, looking around you now, the faces, the history, the stories, it
:08:13. > :08:17.is extraordinary, isn't it? It is. The crowds here. As we were setting
:08:18. > :08:22.up at 7.00am, people were coming out to be a part of this amazing event.
:08:23. > :08:39.Thank you both very much. Today is a reminder of the scale of
:08:40. > :08:45.slaughter and the sacrifice in war. The First World War in particular,
:08:46. > :08:51.where these ceremonies here date from, cut like a scythe through a
:08:52. > :08:55.whole generation. There was barely a family that had escaped death or
:08:56. > :09:01.injury of either family member or friend. But some families seem to
:09:02. > :09:07.have had far more than their own fair share of sorrow. At the
:09:08. > :09:11.Imperial War Museum, Robin Scott Elliot discovered how a generation
:09:12. > :09:13.of his family was wiped out. He began with his great-grandfather
:09:14. > :09:32.Bertie killed in 1918. My great grandfather, Bertie
:09:33. > :09:36.Anderson, received the Victoria Cross for what he did on that day.
:09:37. > :09:43.He never saw this medal, or never knew of the award. But it is a link
:09:44. > :09:46.to him, a symbol by which he can be remembered as a young man who did an
:09:47. > :09:50.extraordinary thing at an extraordinary time and a way of
:09:51. > :09:52.remembering him. Bertie came from a prosperous Glasgow family. Willie
:09:53. > :09:56.and Nora Anderson had four sons Bertie, Ronnie, Charlie and the baby
:09:57. > :10:00.of the family, Teddie. Charlie was the first of the boys to go to war.
:10:01. > :10:03.He was the second youngest and he was actually a professional soldier.
:10:04. > :10:08.Generally, there was to begin with an eagerness about going to war.
:10:09. > :10:12.This is what they had been training for, they were looking forward to
:10:13. > :10:16.it. When he got to France, he wrote a letter home to his mother Nora
:10:17. > :10:20.that said, "So glad we are all going to be in this together." After just
:10:21. > :10:24.eight days in the trenches, he was declared missing in action. Nora had
:10:25. > :10:29.to wait eight months till his death was officially confirmed. Eight
:10:30. > :10:32.months of just clinging to some sort of hope that he may be alive. Even
:10:33. > :10:35.when that official confirmation came, you still knew that you
:10:36. > :10:39.couldn't have your children home to bury them. Ronnie, Charlie's older
:10:40. > :10:43.brother, felt his duty was to replace Charlie. He too was sent to
:10:44. > :10:49.France. Ronnie was seen as being a wee bit scatty. He knew this himself
:10:50. > :10:53.because he wrote a letter back to Nora when he was in the trenches in
:10:54. > :10:56.1915 that said, "If I get killed, don't say 'So like Ron's careless
:10:57. > :11:00.way.'" Ronnie's words tragically came true. A month later, he was
:11:01. > :11:13.shot dead, picked off by a German sniper. Nora had lost two sons
:11:14. > :11:16.within the space of a year. She made an album of her family and if you
:11:17. > :11:19.flick through it, there's picture after picture of Teddie, the
:11:20. > :11:23.youngest. There are few of Bertie, the eldest. But there is very little
:11:24. > :11:27.in there of Charlie or Ronnie. Perhaps that is the way she found to
:11:28. > :11:31.try and cope with it all by trying to bury the memory of what she had
:11:32. > :11:36.lost. Teddie joined up straight from school. You look at all the pictures
:11:37. > :11:39.of him. He is full of boyish enthusiasm, there is a zest for life
:11:40. > :11:43.that is obvious there. Teddie loved flying, clearly. He used to write
:11:44. > :11:47.long letters home to his mother and father. He describes one particular
:11:48. > :11:50.raid that they went on before the Battle of the Somme to shoot down
:11:51. > :11:53.some German observation balloons. And he talks about how when they
:11:54. > :11:58.flew home afterwards his plane was shot at by the anti aircraft guns,
:11:59. > :12:03.but he said he felt so bucked by it that he sang lustily the whole way
:12:04. > :12:06.home. Teddie survived his six-month tour at the Front, returning to
:12:07. > :12:16.become a flying instructor in Hampshire. He was killed in a
:12:17. > :12:21.training accident aged just 21. Eight days later, Nora's eldest son,
:12:22. > :12:29.Bertie, was also killed in France. She had now lost all four of her
:12:30. > :12:33.children to the war. A cousin of Nora's wrote this - which I think
:12:34. > :12:36.sums up the tragedy of the Anderson family, but also the grief that must
:12:37. > :12:43.have affected so many families across the country. "Their loved
:12:44. > :12:49.ones will never again hear the sound of their returning feet. No more
:12:50. > :12:50.merry meals around the family table. No more letters to write, no more
:12:51. > :13:13.letters to wait for." Back here in the heart of London at
:13:14. > :13:26.Whitehall, the so-called Hollow Square that surrounds the Cenotaph
:13:27. > :13:34.is assembling. Women at War Memorial there. This Hollow Square was
:13:35. > :13:38.originally a military formation, the Life Guards, the Household Cavalry
:13:39. > :13:44.standing in their scarlet cloaks. Next to them the King's Troop of the
:13:45. > :13:52.Royal Horse Artillery, a detachment of the King's Troop will fire a gun
:13:53. > :14:00.to mark the start and end of the two minutes' silence. Then, to their
:14:01. > :14:14.left, the Welsh Guards of the Guards Division. Beside them, The Royal
:14:15. > :14:31.Gurkha Rifles 2nd Battalion. Facing them on the other side, the Merchant
:14:32. > :14:45.Marine, and then a detachment from the Royal Navy itself.
:14:46. > :14:52.The Civilian Services are represented here, too. They stand
:14:53. > :15:03.next to the Army Reserves. Among them, the police, Prison Officers,
:15:04. > :15:10.fire and ambulance. So there is, by design, a representation of all the
:15:11. > :15:20.forces needed in war, both civilian and military. The Royal Air Force,
:15:21. > :15:26.in front of them the Regimental Sergeant Major of the bands waiting,
:15:27. > :15:30.in a moment, to play us the traditional music, which has never
:15:31. > :15:37.changed, and which begins with Rule Britannia. The Massed Bands are
:15:38. > :15:44.under the command of the Senior Director of Music, Lieutenant
:15:45. > :15:49.Colonel Barnwell. The Pipes and Drums and then behind them the Royal
:15:50. > :15:54.Marine Band and the Royal Air Force Band. And all take their part in
:15:55. > :17:24.playing this majestic music. The band now play Heart Of Oak, then
:17:25. > :17:29.The Minstrel Boy and Men of Harlech. It is striking, though I suppose not
:17:30. > :17:35.surprising, how those who fought together formed bonds which do last
:17:36. > :17:39.down the years. We have seen that today on horse guards and we will
:17:40. > :17:44.see that during the march passed the Cenotaph. They know that what they
:17:45. > :17:49.went through was something which outsiders cannot share. This bond
:17:50. > :17:56.crosses generations. Colonel Matt Jackson, who was talking to Sophie,
:17:57. > :17:59.went to meet a fellow Royal Marine, a veteran of the Second World War
:18:00. > :18:06.and the Normandy invasion, John Brunel-Cohen.
:18:07. > :18:16.I thought you might to have a look at my orders, the only top-secret
:18:17. > :18:23.document I own. And the only one I have seen of this age. It is good to
:18:24. > :18:27.hold an historical document that is so well preserved. The last
:18:28. > :18:33.paragraph reads, it is desirable to proceed in an orderly fashion, but
:18:34. > :18:40.it is far more important to get a move on and get their, underlined.
:18:41. > :18:47.On D-day, what were the conditions like on the cross in itself?
:18:48. > :18:51.Terrible, very bad. Extremely wet and extremely uncomfortable. They
:18:52. > :18:57.were open boats so we were wet from the very first moment. In fact, we
:18:58. > :19:04.were wet for weeks. When you got to the beach itself, what was life like
:19:05. > :19:09.there? There were a lot of snipers, enemy snipers about still. Seeing a
:19:10. > :19:16.lot of German prisoners of war. That was good for our morale. What does
:19:17. > :19:25.remembrance day at the Cenotaph mean to you? It means an enormous amount
:19:26. > :19:33.to me. I am in a unique position. On the first day of the third Battle of
:19:34. > :19:39.Ypres, my father was wounded, lost his legs and was in a wheelchair for
:19:40. > :19:44.42 years. My father was at the head of the first parade at the Senate
:19:45. > :19:49.half and it is extremely emotive marching through the streets of
:19:50. > :19:59.London being applauded by the public 15 deep in many places. The
:20:00. > :20:03.important thing is not to be placed between two bands because it is
:20:04. > :20:10.difficult to march to two bands at the same time.
:20:11. > :20:13.John Brunel-Cohen's father was a founding member of the Not Forgotten
:20:14. > :20:22.Association, a charity which supports injured and ex-serving men
:20:23. > :20:26.and women. It is with that organisation that John Brunel-Cohen
:20:27. > :21:40.is parading today. Now the Skye Boat Song.
:21:41. > :21:47.Massed Bands, turn! The Massed Bands now play I'll of
:21:48. > :22:09.BT. Just one of the many people being
:22:10. > :22:21.mourned today is Lieutenant Daniel Clack, who was killed at the age of
:22:22. > :22:25.24. Daniel, from other's point of view was the perfect son. His
:22:26. > :22:31.wardrobe would be the bedroom floor he was a typical teenage and early
:22:32. > :22:36.20-year-old son, the fairies will come and pick that up and put that
:22:37. > :22:42.away. None of our family is in the Army. Where it came from, it was
:22:43. > :22:46.just born in him. He never saw himself as anything other than
:22:47. > :22:53.basically a soldier, who would be out there putting his life at risk,
:22:54. > :22:57.really. After Sandhurst military academy, Daniel joined the 1st
:22:58. > :23:02.Battalion the Rifles as a platoon commander and was immediately
:23:03. > :23:07.deployed to Afghanistan. There were three villages close to Dan's
:23:08. > :23:14.checkpoint and they would patrol around that area every day. He was
:23:15. > :23:18.trying to learn some of the local dialect. Although they had
:23:19. > :23:25.interpreters, anything where they could learn and speak to the locals
:23:26. > :23:29.was really good. On the 12th of August 2011, Daniel was out on a
:23:30. > :23:36.routine foot patrol when he was killed by an improvised explosive
:23:37. > :23:42.device. His men carried him onto the plane, which I think was extremely
:23:43. > :23:45.difficult for them. They had to walk away and get on with their job KERS
:23:46. > :23:57.they knew that was what and would have wanted. -- they knew that was
:23:58. > :24:00.what Daniel would have wanted. The cortege bearing the coffin was
:24:01. > :24:10.driven through the town of Royal Wootton Bassett. There were hundreds
:24:11. > :24:15.of people there. It is about 40 miles from there to the Radcliffe
:24:16. > :24:28.Hospital in Oxford. In every lay-by, at every roundabout, there were
:24:29. > :24:32.people. It was really incredible. Hundreds and hundreds of people who
:24:33. > :24:35.we did not know and they had been standing all afternoon in the
:24:36. > :24:41.pouring rain, just waiting to pay their 's. -- just waiting to pay
:24:42. > :24:55.there. I had made a memory box of
:24:56. > :24:59.photographs of him as a child, the sport photographs, the silly
:25:00. > :25:04.photographs and then I left three sections empty which would have been
:25:05. > :25:08.the wedding photographs, family or whatever. It is very sad to look at
:25:09. > :25:14.that box and see those empty sections. It will be the times when
:25:15. > :25:17.his cousins get married, when friends get married, when they start
:25:18. > :25:30.taking that next step forward and you can't help but think, that
:25:31. > :25:36.should have been down. -- Daniel. Daniel's mother is joining the march
:25:37. > :25:37.past here today with the rifles Regiment Association in memory of
:25:38. > :26:12.her son. The pipes play the Flowers of the
:26:13. > :26:16.Forest. The Flowers of the Forest are all withered away. It is a
:26:17. > :26:19.moment perhaps to remember those who have fallen since last Remembrance
:26:20. > :28:17.Sunday a year ago. Next, the unchanged order of music.
:28:18. > :30:27.The Massed Bands play Edward Elgar's Enigma variations, Nimrod.
:30:28. > :32:41.Nimrod is followed by Dido's Lament by Henry Purcell - When I Am Laid In
:32:42. > :32:47.Earth. For those who have not experienced it directly, poetry has
:32:48. > :32:53.often most brilliantly illuminated the nature of war. The Reverend
:32:54. > :32:57.Geoffrey Studdert Kennedy was an Army chaplain in World War One. He
:32:58. > :32:59.risked his life going into no man's land to comfort wounded soldiers.
:33:00. > :33:02.Known affectionately as "Woodbine Willie" for the seemingly endless
:33:03. > :33:06.supply of cigarettes he gave to troops, he was also a published poet
:33:07. > :33:09.and after the War, wrote If Ye Forget.
:33:10. > :33:13.Let me forget! Let me forget!
:33:14. > :33:16.I am weary of remembrance. And my brow is ever wet.
:33:17. > :33:21.With tears of my remembrance. With the tears and bloody sweat.
:33:22. > :33:26.Let me forget. If ye forget - if ye forget.
:33:27. > :33:31.Then your children must remember. And their brow be ever wet.
:33:32. > :33:36.With the tears of their remembrance. With the tears and bloody sweat.
:33:37. > :34:06.If ye forget. The Crossbearer, Johan de Silva,
:34:07. > :34:11.leads the Children and Gentlemen of the Chapel Royal on to Whitehall.
:34:12. > :34:18.Ten children and six Gentlemen-in-Ordinary, the Serjeant
:34:19. > :34:21.of the Vestry, Chaplain of the Fleet, the sub dene of Her Majesty's
:34:22. > :34:30.Chapel Royal and at the rear, the Dean of Her Majesty's Chapel Royal,
:34:31. > :34:35.the Bishop of London, the Right Reverend Right Honourable Dr
:34:36. > :34:38.Richard Chartres. He is followed by Major-General Edward Smyth-Osbourne
:34:39. > :34:45.CBE. He is in command of the Armed Services on parade here. He comes
:34:46. > :34:50.out with his Chief of Staff and his Aide-de-Camp. He will be followed by
:34:51. > :34:58.the procession of the politicians, who will be laying wreaths. Among
:34:59. > :35:02.the politicians here today, former Prime Ministers, Sir John Major,
:35:03. > :35:23.Tony Blair, and Gordon Brown are expected.
:35:24. > :35:36.David Cameron, Nick Clegg on his right, the Prime Minister and Deputy
:35:37. > :35:56.Prime Minister. The Leader of the Opposition, Ed Miliband.
:35:57. > :36:14.Now, the Chiefs of Staff, Chief of the Defence Staff, the First Sea
:36:15. > :36:20.Lord, Chief of the General Staff, the Air Staff and behind them
:36:21. > :36:26.representatives from the Merchant Navy, the Chief Inspector of
:36:27. > :36:34.Constabulary and then the long line of High Commissioners of 46
:36:35. > :36:44.different Commonwealth countries. They take up position on three sides
:36:45. > :36:53.of the Cenotaph. They will be followed by 14 representatives of
:36:54. > :36:57.different religious denominations. So everyone will be in place for
:36:58. > :37:06.members of the Royal Family to come out and for the silence itself in
:37:07. > :37:17.three minutes' time. The Roman Catholic, the Right Reverend Richard
:37:18. > :37:27.Moth, the Free Churches, the Buddhist Faith, Muslim Council, the
:37:28. > :37:41.United Reform Church, Hindu Temples, the Salvation Army and the Greek
:37:42. > :37:46.Orthodox Church are all there. There's the line of the politicians.
:37:47. > :37:50.On the far left, George Osborne, the Chancellor, who is standing in for
:37:51. > :37:54.William Hague, the Foreign Secretary, carrying that special
:37:55. > :38:00.wreath laid on behalf of the dependencies. Boris Johnson, the
:38:01. > :38:08.Mayor of London in the third row behind him.
:38:09. > :38:19.From the balcony up there, other members of the Royal Family will be
:38:20. > :38:20.watching as the Royal Party itself, led by Her Majesty the Queen, comes
:38:21. > :38:35.out. COMMANDER OF THE FOOT GUARDS:
:38:36. > :38:47.Parade, attention! The Duchess of Cambridge in the
:38:48. > :38:51.centre. Vice-Admiral Sir Timmy Lawrence on the right -- Sir Timothy
:38:52. > :39:02.Laurence on the right there and The Duchess of Gloucester. The Queen and
:39:03. > :39:13.the Duke of Edinburgh. Prince Henry of Wales, who is standing in for his
:39:14. > :39:14.father. The Duke of Cambridge. The Earl of Wessex, the Princess Royal
:39:15. > :39:31.and the Duke of Kent. We are nearing the moment when Big
:39:32. > :39:35.Ben will start chiming for 11.00am and for the two minutes' silence
:39:36. > :39:37.being observed throughout this country, not just here at the
:39:38. > :43:44.Cenotaph in Whitehall. Her Majesty the Queen, the head of
:43:45. > :44:14.all the armed forces, lays the first wreath.
:44:15. > :44:21.Next, the Duke of Edinburgh, who has been much in evidence this week, at
:44:22. > :44:25.92. He was at the Field of Remembrance. He has been at various
:44:26. > :44:33.other commemorations. Tomorrow, he will be in Belgium for the Last Post
:44:34. > :44:36.ceremony at the Battle of Ypres, which is held every evening there on
:44:37. > :44:53.the Field of Flanders. Prince Henry of Wales, better known
:44:54. > :44:57.as "Harry". He is laying a wreath today on behalf of his father, the
:44:58. > :45:05.Prince of Wales, who is on official business in India. In January, he
:45:06. > :45:10.came back from a tour of Afghanistan as an Apache helicopter pilot. Many
:45:11. > :45:18.of the Royal Family have military training. The Duke of Cambridge
:45:19. > :45:23.next. He was a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force, a helicopter
:45:24. > :45:24.and search and rescue work in Wales was his speciality. He is stepping
:45:25. > :45:53.down now from that role. The Earl of Wessex is, in the
:45:54. > :46:08.uniform of an honorary colonel of the Royal Wessex Yeomanry.
:46:09. > :46:18.He will be followed by the Princess Royal. Today she will be taking the
:46:19. > :46:27.salute of the march past after thes, when all of those parading go
:46:28. > :46:38.back onto Horse Guards, and are organised by the Princess Royal.
:46:39. > :46:43.And finally among the royal group here, the Duke of Kent, who is
:46:44. > :46:49.president of the Commonwealth Walk Graves Commission. -- Commonwealth
:46:50. > :46:54.War Graves commission. There are hundreds of graves all over the
:46:55. > :47:06.world to remember all those who died.
:47:07. > :47:26.The parade stands that ease, the funeral march is played as the Prime
:47:27. > :47:51.Minister, David Cameron, lays the first wreath.
:47:52. > :47:55.He is followed by the Deputy Prime Minister and Nick Clegg, the leader
:47:56. > :48:30.of the Liberal Democrats. Ed Miliband, the Leader of the
:48:31. > :48:49.Opposition, the leader of the Labour Party.
:48:50. > :48:58.And now Nigel Dodds, , the Deputy Leader of the Democratic Unionist
:48:59. > :49:41.party. Angus Robertson, of the Scottish
:49:42. > :49:49.National Party lays a wreath on the half of Plaid Cymru, with an
:49:50. > :49:56.inscription. George Osborne takes the place of William Hague, laying a
:49:57. > :50:02.wreath on behalf of the Overseas Territories, a splendid wreath of
:50:03. > :50:12.Juniper and Sage, made up specially in Kew.
:50:13. > :50:19.Now it is the turn of the High Commissioners. They are from
:50:20. > :50:24.countries which served in the first and Second World War is, why not two
:50:25. > :50:27.of them are members of the Commonwealth which did not serve in
:50:28. > :50:31.either but they are here because they are members of the
:50:32. > :50:34.Commonwealth. The wreaths will be laid by High Commissioners, the
:50:35. > :50:42.equivalent of ambassadors in these countries. The first group which
:50:43. > :50:49.will step forward in a moment is from Canada, Australia, New Zealand,
:50:50. > :51:04.South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Ghana and Malaysia.
:51:05. > :51:12.The sacrifice of these countries goes back to World War I, Australia,
:51:13. > :51:23.for instance, had one in five of those who went to war killed, they
:51:24. > :51:32.fought at Gallipoli and Passchendale. The Canadians landed
:51:33. > :51:38.14,000 Canadian troops. The New Zealanders served in World War I.
:51:39. > :52:00.They had 58,000 casualties out of 100,000 New Zealanders who served
:52:01. > :52:04.and 17,000 killed. The second group from Nigeria,
:52:05. > :52:11.Cyprus, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, which was a German colony, Jamaica,
:52:12. > :52:28.Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, Kenya and allowing. -- mill our way.
:52:29. > :52:39.-- Malawi. The next group led by Malta which sustained continuous
:52:40. > :52:50.bombardment day and night. Alongside them, Zambia, Singapore, Guyana,
:52:51. > :53:01.Botswana, Lesotho, Barbados and Mauritius.
:53:02. > :53:10.What we are seeing here is a way of remembering, not all our allies in
:53:11. > :53:15.the two world wars. The Americans, for instance, are not here. The
:53:16. > :53:19.Russians from the Second World War are not here, but these are
:53:20. > :53:26.countries seen as having particular close lid is with Britain, former
:53:27. > :53:32.members of the British Empire, seen almost as a family of nations.
:53:33. > :53:38.Swaziland, Tonga, Fiji, Bangladesh, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New
:53:39. > :53:43.Guinea, Seychelles, the Commonwealth of Dominica and the island of St
:53:44. > :53:53.Lucia. That brings us to the last of the High Commissioners groups coming
:53:54. > :53:58.forward. St Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and
:53:59. > :54:04.Barbuda, Maldives, Saint Kitts and need this, Brunei Darussalem,
:54:05. > :54:09.Nvidia, which was a German territory at the time of the Second World War,
:54:10. > :54:15.Cameron, Mozambique, any member of the Commonwealth and Rwanda, they
:54:16. > :54:17.are all here paying their respects for the service which was done for
:54:18. > :55:01.democracy in those two world wars. The chiefs of staff next, Admiral
:55:02. > :55:09.Sir George Zambellas, Sir Peter Wall and Air Chief Marshal Sir Andrew
:55:10. > :55:16.Pulford. The chief of defence staff does not lay a wreath. Following
:55:17. > :55:23.them, the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets. Mr Anthony Wright lays their
:55:24. > :55:29.wreath. The representative of the Air Transport Auxiliary Service is
:55:30. > :55:33.Mr Derek K Smith. And Tom Winsor, the Chief Inspector of Constabulary.
:55:34. > :55:45.They step back. The service led by the issue of
:55:46. > :56:01.London, Richard Chartres will begin. O Almighty God, grant we beseech
:56:02. > :56:12.thee, that we who here do honour to the memory of those who have died in
:56:13. > :56:16.the service of their country. And of the Crown may be so inspired by the
:56:17. > :56:19.spirit of their love and fortitude, that, forgetting all selfish and
:56:20. > :56:31.unworthy motives, we may live only to thy glory and to the service of
:56:32. > :56:47.mankind. Through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen.
:56:48. > :57:01.# O God Our Help in ages past. # Our hope for years to come.
:57:02. > :57:16.# Our shelter from the stormy blast. # And our eternal home.
:57:17. > :57:27.# Beneath the shadow of thy throne. # Thy saints have dwelt secure. #
:57:28. > :57:43.Sufficient is thine arm alone. # And our defence is sure.
:57:44. > :57:58.# Before the hills in order stood. # Or earth received her frame. #
:57:59. > :58:11.From everlasting thou art God. # To endless years the same.
:58:12. > :58:19.# A thousand ages in thy sight. # Are like an evening gone.
:58:20. > :58:31.# Short as the watch that ends the night.
:58:32. > :58:43.# Before the rising sun. # O God Our Help in ages past. # Our
:58:44. > :58:49.hope in years to come. # Be though our guard while troubles
:58:50. > :59:04.last. # And our eternal home.
:59:05. > :59:14.Teach us good Lord to serve thee as thou deservest.
:59:15. > :59:23.To give and not to count the cost. To fight and not to heed the wounds.
:59:24. > :59:27.To toil and not to seek for rest. To labour and not ask for any
:59:28. > :59:32.reward, Save that of knowing that we will do thy will.
:59:33. > :59:45.Through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen. Our Father.
:59:46. > :59:48.Who art in Heaven. Hallow'd be thy Name.
:59:49. > :59:52.Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done.
:59:53. > :59:56.On earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread.
:59:57. > :59:59.And forgive us our trespasses. As we forgive those who trespass
:00:00. > :00:05.against us. And lead us not into temptation.
:00:06. > :00:08.But deliver us from evil. For Thine is the kingdom.
:00:09. > :00:17.The power and the glory. For ever and ever.
:00:18. > :00:23.Amen. Unto God's gracious mercy and
:00:24. > :00:30.protection we commit you. The Lord bless you and keep you. The Lord
:00:31. > :00:36.make his face to shine upon you. And be gracious unto you. The Lord lift
:00:37. > :00:43.up the light of his countenance upon you. And give you his peace this day
:00:44. > :00:53.and always. Amen. COMMANDER OF THE FOOT GUARDS:
:00:54. > :01:20.Parade, COMMANDER OF THE FOOT GUARDS:
:01:21. > :01:35.TRUMPETS PLAY # God save our gracious Queen.
:01:36. > :01:47.# Long live our noble Queen. # God save the Queen.
:01:48. > :01:56.# Send her victorious. # Happy and glorious.
:01:57. > :02:17.# Long to reign over us. # God save the Queen.
:02:18. > :02:26.The Royal Party now leaves Whitehall, still on the balcony the
:02:27. > :02:31.Royal Party - we are being watched by the Duchess of Cambridge. I said
:02:32. > :02:34.that was The Duchess of Gloucester on the right - it is of course the
:02:35. > :02:54.Countess of Wessex. They go through the ranks of the
:02:55. > :03:01.Queen's Scouts, who traditionally hold this staircase on the way back
:03:02. > :03:13.into the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
:03:14. > :03:24.Next, the clergy leaves. The choir in those wonderful scarlet coats
:03:25. > :03:29.that date back to the restoration under Charles II and the Chapel
:03:30. > :03:32.Royal used to accompany the Sovereign. They say it dates back
:03:33. > :04:37.1,000 years. Now the politicians who are here.
:04:38. > :04:45.They leave. The Speaker, John Bercow. Tony Blair on the left, Sir
:04:46. > :04:55.John Major on his left. Gordon Brown and other members of the Cabinet and
:04:56. > :04:59.Boris Johnson in the rear there. At this stage, as there is a pause now
:05:00. > :05:04.before the march-past begins, let's re-join Sophie Raworth.
:05:05. > :05:11.I'm here in amongst all these veterans and civilians with two men
:05:12. > :05:14.who served with the 1st Royal Anglian Regiment. Corporal Billy
:05:15. > :05:18.Drinkwater and Private Ken Facal. You were in Afghanistan three years
:05:19. > :05:23.ago in an incident which left you without your sight. What happened?
:05:24. > :05:26.What it was, it was nearly four years ago, I was moving into a
:05:27. > :05:30.compound, I cleared the entry point, or Ken was clearing the entry point,
:05:31. > :05:37.I was behind him covering him. Ken, you want to? We found an IED,
:05:38. > :05:44.discovered - we didn't realise, or we didn't confirm what type of IED
:05:45. > :05:49.it was. So we decided to mark the IED and obviously I was kneeling
:05:50. > :05:54.down, Bill was on my shoulder and it went off. An horrific incident. You
:05:55. > :06:00.were conscious throughout, weren't you, and for hours afterwards? Yes,
:06:01. > :06:08.I was conscious in the helicopter on the way out and I got put under when
:06:09. > :06:13.I arrived back at bastion, so was Ken. -- Bastion. You were looked
:06:14. > :06:18.after together. How important was it for you to be together? You have
:06:19. > :06:25.supported each other enormously? It is a big help for both of us. We had
:06:26. > :06:29.each other to bounce off. We were friends before so it was good to
:06:30. > :06:35.have that support with the same injury. You are both here today. You
:06:36. > :06:39.are marching with the Blind Veterans UK. What does it mean to be here
:06:40. > :06:44.today for you? It is an honour, it is a great honour to be here to pay
:06:45. > :06:51.our respects to the guys that didn't make it. And our friends that died
:06:52. > :06:54.in Afghanistan and Iraq. Also, to mark the work that the charity does
:06:55. > :06:58.for you, they have done a lot for you. You have done a lot for them,
:06:59. > :07:09.raising money? Yes, of course. The help they have given us has paid
:07:10. > :07:14.dividends, with the rehabilitation. We get a lot of help from them and
:07:15. > :07:18.you can pass it on to other people. I will let you take your place for
:07:19. > :07:25.the march-past. Thank you for joining us.
:07:26. > :07:34.It is humbling to listen to voices like that. And many of those
:07:35. > :07:40.represented here today at the Cenotaph have had those kinds of
:07:41. > :07:47.experiences of the horror of war. The President of the British Legion
:07:48. > :07:52.approaches the Cenotaph with the Royal British Legion wreath. The
:07:53. > :07:56.Royal British Legion being the largest of all the military
:07:57. > :08:03.charities and one of the oldest - and the organiser of this march-past
:08:04. > :08:07.here today. No mean task to get people from all-around Britain and
:08:08. > :08:16.abroad to come here and form up their seven columns on Whitehall
:08:17. > :08:21.ready for the march-past. They, of course, have arranged Poppy Day,
:08:22. > :08:27.which is aimed at raising something like ?37 million this year. So the
:08:28. > :08:35.President goes back to his place. Now, other representatives - London
:08:36. > :08:48.Transport, the Royal Air Force's Association, the Royal Naval
:08:49. > :08:53.Association, the Royal Commonwealth Ex-Services league and the Royal
:08:54. > :08:58.British Legion Scotland and the Royal British Legion Women's Section
:08:59. > :09:49.will lay wreaths. The march-past will start soon and
:09:50. > :09:56.it goes past the memorial to women, the black monument, commemorating
:09:57. > :10:01.women at war. Their hats and coats are hung on pegs. It is easy to
:10:02. > :10:06.forget that over seven million women in Britain were mobilised during the
:10:07. > :10:11.Second World War. Nearly 500,000 of them were conscripted into the armed
:10:12. > :10:16.forces and they drove ambulances, women worked on the land, they acted
:10:17. > :10:20.as fire watchers and some of them were assigned to special secret
:10:21. > :10:24.duties - women like Eileen Younghusband.
:10:25. > :10:30.Bentley Priory in London is now a museum, but 70 years ago, it was the
:10:31. > :10:34.home of one of the most important air defence strategies in the Second
:10:35. > :10:39.World War. Eileen Younghusband was posted here. She had joined the
:10:40. > :10:41.Women's Auxiliary Air Force aged 19 and she was sure she didn't want to
:10:42. > :10:51.work in a canteen. Just before I went up for my
:10:52. > :10:56.interview, I had met someone who was at school with me and she said, "If
:10:57. > :10:59.you are going to join up, make certain that you tell them you want
:11:00. > :11:02.to be Clerk's Special Duties." And I said, "What's Clerk's Special
:11:03. > :11:10.Duties?" "I can't tell you" she said. That is exactly what happened
:11:11. > :11:14.at the interview. The first thing this imposing Wing Officer said to
:11:15. > :11:18.me is, "Do you want to be a cook or a driver?" I said, "I want to be a
:11:19. > :11:22.Clerk's Special Duties." She nearly hit the ceiling. She was so amazed.
:11:23. > :11:27.She said, "How do you know about that?" I said, "I don't know
:11:28. > :11:31.anything about it, but I do know I have to tell you that I'm good at
:11:32. > :11:38.mathematics." And that was the magic word. Being good at maths was key to
:11:39. > :11:42.Eileen's new role in the Filter Room at Bentley Priory. It was the nerve
:11:43. > :11:47.centre of Britain's new radar system. The task of Filter Room
:11:48. > :11:50.staff was to interpret data from radar stations and use it to plot
:11:51. > :12:01.the constantly changing positions of aircraft. It was intense and
:12:02. > :12:04.difficult work. Stamina was so important because you might do an
:12:05. > :12:10.eight hour watch and you were working constantly all the time.
:12:11. > :12:15.There were girls plugged in on the telephone network. They were all
:12:16. > :12:20.repeating any information they got, so the noise level was incredibly
:12:21. > :12:26.high. On the balcony above was the controller identifying the aircraft,
:12:27. > :12:32.shouting down, "Make it a hostile!" Make 173 a fighter. The women
:12:33. > :12:38.working at the plotting table were in no doubt that the slightest
:12:39. > :12:44.mistake could jeopardise lives. You have to imagine the atmosphere in
:12:45. > :12:48.that room. The War was being fought in the air, in front of our eyes and
:12:49. > :12:56.so many of the people there knew the squadrons that were operating, their
:12:57. > :13:00.loved ones were taking part. Mayday. Two crash in the sea, air sea rescue
:13:01. > :13:07.would go out and they wouldn't know whether it was their brother, their
:13:08. > :13:15.husband, their lovers. They were doing their utmost to help our
:13:16. > :13:18.pilots repel the enemy. Now 92, Eileen has never forgotten the vital
:13:19. > :13:30.contribution her female colleagues made to the War. These women
:13:31. > :13:33.dedicated their efforts to do everything possible to get us
:13:34. > :13:37.victory, to help the men who were in the more dangerous positions
:13:38. > :13:38.survive. I feel too that they deserve to be remembered at this
:13:39. > :13:54.very special time of the year. Eileen Younghusband and some of her
:13:55. > :14:00.extraordinary memories. I'm joined by the monument to women of World
:14:01. > :14:04.War Two by Flying Officer Emily Don. You, I suppose, are the modern-day
:14:05. > :14:12.equivalent of Eileen Younghusband. Tell us about the work you do? Yes,
:14:13. > :14:17.we have a team of people on 24/7 identifying all the UK aircraft in
:14:18. > :14:21.the skies and with the jets on standby to investigate anything that
:14:22. > :14:26.looks out of the normal. You have served in Afghanistan as well? Yes,
:14:27. > :14:31.I got back last month. I was embedded with the US Marine Corps
:14:32. > :14:35.out there making sure the guys on the ground could receive the support
:14:36. > :14:39.they needed in the air. As Eileen Younghusband said, it is very
:14:40. > :14:44.important to remember and recognise the contribution of women to wars
:14:45. > :14:48.over the decades? Yes, definitely. Every woman that signs up now is
:14:49. > :14:53.expected to do an operational tour, the same as men. In World War Two,
:14:54. > :15:00.there were many women involved, but it didn't get the recognition. Now,
:15:01. > :15:04.it is a lot more important that we get remembered. Here with me as well
:15:05. > :15:12.is Heather Duncombe. You have played your part. You have served for
:15:13. > :15:13.almost 25 years. The Falklands, the Gulf War - you have worked very
:15:14. > :15:29.hard. What brings you back here? To remember our fallen comrades, in
:15:30. > :15:34.the Queen Alexandra nursing service and the girls and boys in
:15:35. > :15:39.Afghanistan. Nowadays women get much closer to the front line than you
:15:40. > :15:43.ever did? Absolutely, they go into the forward base operating areas and
:15:44. > :15:52.on patrol as well. They are very busy, very important. Let's get one
:15:53. > :15:57.final word with Colonel Matt Jackson. The role that women play,
:15:58. > :16:09.they are not sent to the front line but they get there, don't they? They
:16:10. > :16:16.certainly do. You had to see the story of the medic who got a
:16:17. > :16:21.Victoria Cross. And the girls get very close to the front line. The
:16:22. > :16:23.march past is about to start row shortly. Let me let you take your
:16:24. > :16:37.places. Thank you for joining me. Thank you, safely. The mood changes
:16:38. > :16:46.now. There is cheerful marching music, you will hear them all as the
:16:47. > :16:52.music starts. The parade is led by the trustees of the Royal British
:16:53. > :17:01.Legion. It begins this year with the War Widows Association. They wait
:17:02. > :17:07.for the music to begin. And remember, there are over 10,000
:17:08. > :17:14.veterans and civilians who will lay their wreaths. To the left of the
:17:15. > :17:18.Cenotaph, it is the job of the men who will collect the wreaths and lay
:17:19. > :17:23.them so there is a whole field of poppies around the memorial. You can
:17:24. > :17:28.see the odd foreign cap badge, the yellow and red one there from the
:17:29. > :17:33.Canadians. There are still 12-macro people who come here, but by and
:17:34. > :17:38.large, these are members of forces from the United Kingdom or the
:17:39. > :17:39.Commonwealth. Some people have come from New Zealand or Australia to be
:17:40. > :17:53.here. It is an astonishing gathering and
:17:54. > :17:58.it seems to grow each year, still, the numbers who come, as the crowds
:17:59. > :18:12.on either side of Whitehall seemed to grow. Those people who stood in
:18:13. > :18:32.silence. They now cheer the veterans as they go past.
:18:33. > :18:38.The War Widows Association. Among them is Alex Williams who is
:18:39. > :18:43.marching with her children today, in memory of her husband, a pilot who
:18:44. > :18:51.was shot down in Iraq in 2003. You will see occasionally mothers with
:18:52. > :18:52.children in the march past. They are followed by the British Gurkha
:18:53. > :19:13.welfare society. The Gurkhas look after the needs of
:19:14. > :19:33.former Gurkhas who live not here, but in Nepal. They are followed by
:19:34. > :19:38.the Arab force founded in 1950. The Not Forgotten Association. Their
:19:39. > :19:41.wreath lair, John Brunel-Cohen, who we were hearing from a moment ago, a
:19:42. > :20:03.veteran of Normandy. The Dutch contingent and Polish
:20:04. > :20:10.contingent have gone past. The Royal British Legion are next. They are
:20:11. > :20:17.members who march with the Legion, rather than with regimental
:20:18. > :20:23.organisations. And behind them this year for the first time, the Royal
:20:24. > :20:33.British Legion Poppy Factory, who have been making poppies at Richmond
:20:34. > :20:42.in Surrey. They are sold so successfully and raise, they hope,
:20:43. > :20:53.?37 million. They are followed by the Northern Ireland Veterans
:20:54. > :20:56.Association. The Irish United Nations veterans are also there with
:20:57. > :21:17.green blazers and blue berets. The Ulster Defence Regiment, 197
:21:18. > :21:36.soldiers were killed during the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
:21:37. > :21:45.The FSA -- SSA FA, who helped people every year.
:21:46. > :22:01.Behind them is the first aid Nursing Yeomanry and the Association of
:22:02. > :22:17.Jewish Ex-service men and Women. 2500 of them were killed fighting.
:22:18. > :22:32.The music is It's A Long Way to Tipperary.. The British Limbless
:22:33. > :22:34.ex-service men's Association. The service was founded back in 1932 to
:22:35. > :22:58.help members with rehabilitation. But I them is the Wheelchair Sports
:22:59. > :23:06.at macro Association -- behind them. They encourage people, it started
:23:07. > :23:15.with paralysed veterans in North America with the wheelchair games.
:23:16. > :23:20.The Royal Hospital, Chelsea, founded by Charles II in 1682 for the relief
:23:21. > :23:29.of veterans broken by age and war. Not that these redoubtable figures
:23:30. > :23:38.look broken by either. The Queen Alexandra's Hospital Home for
:23:39. > :23:48.disabled ex-service men and women. 103-year-old Harry Molyneux is here
:23:49. > :23:58.today. He was shot in the leg at Alamein. And the Royal Star and
:23:59. > :24:07.Garter Homes, they care for people who have been seriously injured.
:24:08. > :24:17.Walking With The Wounded, a new charity founded in 2010. The idea
:24:18. > :24:20.was, among other things, to lead a team of 12 wounded from the United
:24:21. > :24:22.Kingdom, America and the Commonwealth, to race to the South
:24:23. > :24:55.Pole. The next column begins with the
:24:56. > :24:59.Merchant Navy Association. The Royal Marines Association in their very
:25:00. > :25:11.easily recognisable green berets. These tough men. A major is marching
:25:12. > :25:15.with his son. They were formed originally way back in the 17th
:25:16. > :25:17.century as the Admiral's Regiment. They have been Britain's commandos
:25:18. > :25:50.since 1942. The Telegraphist Air Gunners
:25:51. > :25:59.Association I hear. -- are here. They served in the Fleet Air Arm.
:26:00. > :26:06.They flew in the rear seat of aircraft carriers. Not a very
:26:07. > :26:10.salubrious place to be. You will see much more in a moment. Let's join
:26:11. > :26:15.Sophie Rayworth. I am here amongst the veterans with
:26:16. > :26:22.Colonel Matt Jackson. Your first time here in Whitehall at the
:26:23. > :26:26.Cenotaph. What have you made of it? The two-minute silence was amazing.
:26:27. > :26:29.You could see the thought process behind everybody and what they were
:26:30. > :26:34.doing and what it meant to a number of individuals. You could not here
:26:35. > :26:41.then other than the leaves in the background. It was amazing.
:26:42. > :26:47.Humbling. Hugely humbling. Now there is a palpable change in atmosphere.
:26:48. > :26:56.We have gone from a real thought process to almost a celebration of
:26:57. > :27:00.life, much like after a wake, where people are remembering that aspect
:27:01. > :27:04.of it now which is important. The important thing to remember is the
:27:05. > :27:11.bond between all these people. There is no sense of rank here today, is
:27:12. > :27:15.there? Not at all. I saw a field marshal marching together with a
:27:16. > :27:24.private soldier at the front of one rank. Absolutely amazing. Thank you
:27:25. > :27:32.very much. The type 42 Destroyers at macro
:27:33. > :27:40.Association. HMS Sheffield was struck by an Exocet in the Falklands
:27:41. > :27:51.conflict. 20 men on board died. We have seen many others go past from
:27:52. > :28:04.the Royal Navy, Glasgow, HMS Cumberland, HMS Glasgow, HMS
:28:05. > :28:09.Ganges, they have all marched past. The Queen Alexandra 's nursing
:28:10. > :28:40.Association are here. Russian Convoy Club, significantly
:28:41. > :28:49.they have been awarded a new medal, the Arctic Star. The replay is Trudy
:28:50. > :28:54.Grenfell, marching in memory of her father who died in June this year,
:28:55. > :28:58.just after he had been given the new Arctic Star at his home in
:28:59. > :29:05.Portsmouth. They weigh these whitecaps. Terrible work they had to
:29:06. > :29:09.do going through the ice, snow and fog to take food and supplies to
:29:10. > :29:11.Russia. They still keep connections to Russia, to the places they went
:29:12. > :29:45.to like Archangel. The Broadsword Association. They
:29:46. > :29:56.were able to rescue people from HMS Coventry when it was bombed.
:29:57. > :30:03.Broadsword is a type 22 frigate. It is a very significant year for this
:30:04. > :30:06.column of marchers, the British Korean Veterans Association. They
:30:07. > :30:12.have been marking the 60th anniversary of the end of the Korean
:30:13. > :30:18.War. A special new memorial is going to be put up in London on the
:30:19. > :30:23.embankment to commemorate those who fought in Korea. Over 1000 British
:30:24. > :30:29.were killed and 1000 were taken prisoner of war.
:30:30. > :30:38.One of those who received the VC is still alive, though not on parade
:30:39. > :30:49.here today. Members of the Italy Star Association follow the Normandy
:30:50. > :30:59.Veterans and the Malaya and Borneo Veterans' Association.
:31:00. > :31:06.Then Monte Cassino - that horrific battle which was fought and which
:31:07. > :31:41.ended in May 1944. The Gallantry Medallists League. The
:31:42. > :31:45.National Gulf Veterans and Families Association. An association that
:31:46. > :31:51.supports those who fought in the first Gulf War or in Iraq or in
:31:52. > :32:00.Afghanistan. 30 members marching here. Followed by the Fellowship of
:32:01. > :32:02.the Services. The Burma Star Association follows them. The Green
:32:03. > :32:32.Berets with the Burma Star badge. The wreath bearer served as an
:32:33. > :32:48.armourer during the retaking of Burma.
:32:49. > :33:04.They still have 3,500 members. They are followed by the Far East
:33:05. > :33:11.Prisoners of War Association. Then the Suez Veterans Association, the
:33:12. > :33:20.Aden Veterans Association. 1st Army Association. Showmen's Gild of Great
:33:21. > :33:25.Britain. At the end of this column, Popski's Private Army, a strange
:33:26. > :33:27.organisation whose job was to destroy field supplies that Rommel
:33:28. > :33:43.had built up in the desert. When they were captured they were
:33:44. > :33:56.told to say they were petrol pump attendants. The Black and White
:33:57. > :34:08.Club. They have been in every conflict since they were established
:34:09. > :34:15.in 1991. They had one of their members, Corporal Sarah Bryant,
:34:16. > :34:20.killed in operations in Afghanistan. They go round to Horse Guards from
:34:21. > :34:25.Whitehall. All these processions will go round to Whitehall. The
:34:26. > :34:28.Chelsea Pensioners are just reaching there. The Princess Royal will be
:34:29. > :34:50.taking the salute as they go past. Meanwhile, back on Whitehall, it is
:34:51. > :34:53.the turn of the county regiments. They date back to the time when it
:34:54. > :34:59.was thought that a regiment should get its membership from particular
:35:00. > :35:07.counties giving a loyalty and that loyalty has survived and is
:35:08. > :35:13.represented here. The Northumberland Fusiliers, the Duke of Lancasters,
:35:14. > :35:27.the Green Howards, the Cheshire Regiment, the Mercian Regiment.
:35:28. > :35:37.Among them, Sue Clack, the mother of Lieutenant Daniel Clack, who spoke
:35:38. > :35:40.so movingly about her son. The Rifles Regiment has been on
:35:41. > :35:55.operations continually since they were formed in 2007.
:35:56. > :36:06.There's Sue Clack, in the centre there. She spoke about her son
:36:07. > :36:13.marching so proudly with the Rifles Regimental Association. One of many
:36:14. > :36:23.mothers, wives, sisters who march here today in memory of their
:36:24. > :36:38.families. They are followed by the Gloucestershire, Berkshire and
:36:39. > :36:44.wiment shire -- Wiltshire Regimental Association and this is the Durham
:36:45. > :36:54.Light Infantry Association. Eight of their members were killed by the IRA
:36:55. > :36:58.on a bus. They are followed by the Green Jackets, veterans who have
:36:59. > :37:03.seen service in Borneo and Hong Kong and Cyprus and Gibraltar and
:37:04. > :37:13.Northern Ireland and the Gulf, Kosovo, Bosnia and Iraq and
:37:14. > :37:16.Afghanistan. The Royal Green Jackets march faster than anybody else in
:37:17. > :37:23.the British Army - but not today, needless to say. The Parachute
:37:24. > :37:31.Regiment now. They were called the Red Devils by the Germans. They came
:37:32. > :37:40.back from Afghanistan in 2011. Formed in 1940 by Winston Churchill.
:37:41. > :37:55.He wanted a corps of 5,000 that could land behind the lines. Then,
:37:56. > :38:05.the Scots. Joe Hubble there. The Black Watch. Peter Watt son in the
:38:06. > :38:16.wheelchair there, accompanied by his wife who served in the WRENS in
:38:17. > :38:28.World War Two. Peter Watson. The Black Watch were preceded by the
:38:29. > :38:36.Royal Scots Regimental Association and they were followed by the Gordon
:38:37. > :38:44.Highlanders Association, the Grenadier Guards, the Coldstream
:38:45. > :38:48.Guards, the Scots Guards, the Guards Parachute Association, and the
:38:49. > :38:53.Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment. Let's re-join Sophie.
:38:54. > :38:57.Wonderful applause ringing out here in Whitehall. Colonel Jackson, it is
:38:58. > :39:03.wonderful to hear, isn't it? It is something you spoke to John Brunel
:39:04. > :39:08.Cohen, a D-Day veteran earlier. That was one thing that he picked out. He
:39:09. > :39:12.said he appreciated the public recognition? Yes. I don't know
:39:13. > :39:15.whether people can see it. Along the banks, everyone is clapping. There's
:39:16. > :39:20.clapping behind us. There is a fair bit of banter going on as well
:39:21. > :39:24.between former regiments. It is amazing to be part of it. You have
:39:25. > :39:28.been in the services a long time. Has that public recognition changed
:39:29. > :39:35.over the years, the support you are seeing today? In general life, yes.
:39:36. > :39:40.Generally speaking, in the last 20 years, I think the public's
:39:41. > :39:45.affection to the military has grown significantly. We are standing here
:39:46. > :39:49.watching these extraordinary faces go past, young and old. There is a
:39:50. > :39:56.real bond of the generations, isn't there? There is. You can see it. I
:39:57. > :40:01.just saw a young lad marching with his grandfather. I saw young people
:40:02. > :40:06.pushing older veterans in wheelchairs. I think there is a real
:40:07. > :40:11.baton being passed with the passing of the last First World War veterans
:40:12. > :40:15.to be part of this march, to another younger but older generation. We saw
:40:16. > :40:20.last week, Prince Harry accompanying the Duke of Edinburgh to the Field
:40:21. > :40:24.of Remembrance at Westminster Abbey. You do get the sense that this act
:40:25. > :40:29.of remembrance is being passed on? Absolutely. I felt that with John
:40:30. > :40:33.Brunel Cohen, again from a personal perspective. Just seeing what they
:40:34. > :40:38.did during the Second World War and to hear his stories of that event
:40:39. > :40:46.and what he had done. My own grandfather who opened up to me when
:40:47. > :40:48.I joined the forces. It was - a lot of respect for those. You can see
:40:49. > :40:52.from the people we have been speaking to - and the people who are
:40:53. > :40:58.walking past us right now - what it means to them, pride to be here
:40:59. > :41:04.today? 100%. I couldn't put it better. What about for you? I have
:41:05. > :41:09.been hugely privileged to be a part of this today. It will live long in
:41:10. > :41:14.my memory. It is a real contrast from last year in that dusty area we
:41:15. > :41:18.were talking about in Afghanistan to being here. I feel genuinely
:41:19. > :41:21.privileged to have been here today. For now, thank you.
:41:22. > :41:38.While Sophie was talking the Blind Veterans UK passed, the Royal
:41:39. > :41:44.Dragoon Guards, the King's Royal Hussars, Reconnaissance Regiment Old
:41:45. > :41:49.Comrades Association. The Army Dog Unit from Northern Ireland. The
:41:50. > :41:53.Association of Ammunition Technicians who do such dangerous
:41:54. > :42:13.work. The Beachley Old Boys Association,
:42:14. > :42:31.Arborfield, too, the Women's Royal Army Corps Association.
:42:32. > :42:44.The Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal Association. Mike Brooke was talking
:42:45. > :42:48.to Sophie earlier on. And as he was saying then, it is very, very
:42:49. > :42:59.dangerous work for these people to do. The life expectancy of the
:43:00. > :43:06.Sappers was only ten weeks. The Home Guard Association has been here. The
:43:07. > :43:14.Royal Horse Artillery, the Royal Engineers Association. The Airborne
:43:15. > :43:22.Engineers, the Army Air Corps, all people to do with handling dangerous
:43:23. > :43:28.equipment. Then the Reconnaissance Corps. They replaced the Light
:43:29. > :43:53.Cavalry of the past. Their job - their motto gives it away. "Only the
:43:54. > :44:08.enemy in front." The Reconsaps DELWORD -- Reconnaissance Corps.
:44:09. > :44:23.The Royal Military Police. Those are the Royal Pioneer Corps. They worked
:44:24. > :44:37.here in London during the Second World War. There were over 7,000 of
:44:38. > :44:44.them in Normandy. Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps
:44:45. > :44:52.Association. The wreath bearer, Heather Duncombe, who spoke to
:44:53. > :44:54.Sophie Raworth earlier. The wreath bearer there at the back of the
:44:55. > :45:12.column - there she is. The Educational Corps, the
:45:13. > :45:26.Veterinary Corps - they are all here.
:45:27. > :45:32.These columns, broadly speaking, are made up of members of the same
:45:33. > :45:35.service. There are exceptions, of course. The next column is the Royal
:45:36. > :45:43.Air Force. We have the Royal Air Force
:45:44. > :46:12.Association. And also the Royal Air Force
:46:13. > :46:16.Regiment Association. Their work in Burma was such that the surrender of
:46:17. > :46:20.the Japanese, Lord Mountbatten who was the supreme commander, said they
:46:21. > :46:24.should form the guard of honour. They are followed by the Royal Air
:46:25. > :46:28.Force X prisoners of war Association. John Nichol Mark is
:46:29. > :46:53.with them. He was shot down. There is the beginning of Column C
:46:54. > :46:58.passing the women of World War II memorial. The Princess Royal still
:46:59. > :47:00.takes the salute of everyone who is part of this long procession of
:47:01. > :47:21.veterans and civilians. We also have the Bomber Command
:47:22. > :47:28.Association. They will receive a special class which says Bomber
:47:29. > :47:33.Command, given along with the Arctic at macro star, it has taken them a
:47:34. > :47:38.long time to get proper recognition. Just last year, their
:47:39. > :47:53.new memorial, the bomber command Memorial, in Green Park was opened.
:47:54. > :48:04.The attrition rate of Bomber Command was enormous. Most of them died.
:48:05. > :48:13.The Royal Observer Corps follows them with their blue berets. Then
:48:14. > :48:24.the RAF linguist, six Squadron the Royal Air Force. The air sea rescue
:48:25. > :48:31.and marine craft section I hear with their rollneck pullovers under their
:48:32. > :48:36.blazers. They also laid wreaths at Bridlington today. Their job to
:48:37. > :48:44.rescue pilots who crashed into the sea in all weathers. Their leader
:48:45. > :49:00.there spent 25 years on high-speed launches.
:49:01. > :49:03.The Butterworth and Penang, a new organisation for people who served
:49:04. > :49:18.in the Far East. The Women's Auxiliary Airforce
:49:19. > :50:07.Association. they are marching on behalf of those
:50:08. > :50:14.who were driving buses during the war. The first aid nursing Yeomanry
:50:15. > :50:37.follows them led by Tricia Bishop. The British resistance movement are
:50:38. > :50:43.marching for the first time today. They were set up by Winston
:50:44. > :50:51.Churchill, to provide a force, in the case of a German invasion, that
:50:52. > :50:57.would go underground, live in secret bunkers and come out and kill German
:50:58. > :51:03.attackers if they could. They were never called on in the end but brave
:51:04. > :51:06.men were called on to do that. Little was known about them because
:51:07. > :51:14.they signed the official secrets act, until the late 1990s. This is
:51:15. > :51:23.the first time they have marched. The first aid Nursing Yeomanry
:51:24. > :51:26.preceded them. And the munition workers, the salvation army and the
:51:27. > :51:35.London Ambulance Service. The Royal Ulster Constabulary, the
:51:36. > :51:48.George Cross Association. And so the pile of poppies and
:51:49. > :52:06.wreaths grows. The Commonwealth War Graves
:52:07. > :52:19.commission wreath is there. Wreaths representing civilians, families,
:52:20. > :52:25.the RSPCA. In France, in World War I they looked after 700,000 sick and
:52:26. > :52:30.wounded animals in their hospitals. They are followed by other animal
:52:31. > :52:39.charities, the Blue Cross, one of the leading charities in Britain and
:52:40. > :52:47.the PDSA. That launched a Victoria Cross for animals known as the
:52:48. > :52:50.Dickin Medal, awarded to animals who had shown conspicuous acts of
:52:51. > :53:03.gallantry. The Malayan Volunteers Group, those
:53:04. > :53:18.who fought as civilians in Melayu. The Gallipoli Association, the
:53:19. > :53:33.Western Front Association and then the charities. The Association of
:53:34. > :53:34.round tables, the Lions Club, the 41 Club and the Romany and Travverler
:53:35. > :53:53.Society is here. The -- the Romany and Traveller
:53:54. > :54:17.Society. It is a long march for some of these
:54:18. > :54:21.people. There are people in this parade who are 100 years old. There
:54:22. > :54:27.are publishing wheelchairs. They have been up here since seven
:54:28. > :54:34.o'clock in the morning. There is a man walking with a stick. It is not
:54:35. > :54:39.an easy business but it is something that veterans are dedicated to year
:54:40. > :54:42.in, year out, so all of us can share in the experiences they went through
:54:43. > :54:47.and so we can honour them by watching the ceremony. The Sea Cadet
:54:48. > :54:54.Force now, the youngsters come through. And the Combined Cadet
:54:55. > :55:06.Force follows them. Sea Cadets this time from Northern
:55:07. > :55:13.Ireland, Scotland and the north-east of England. They are all the United
:55:14. > :55:21.Kingdom. They are followed by the Combined Cadet Force. The Army Cadet
:55:22. > :55:29.Force from Staffordshire and the West Midlands.
:55:30. > :55:43.Experience leading youth there. They are giving marching orders for eyes
:55:44. > :55:49.left. Behind them, the Scout Association I can see just coming
:55:50. > :55:54.into the picture at the top there. Members of the Queens Scout working
:55:55. > :56:01.party who hold the Queens Scout award. They have an honourable
:56:02. > :56:06.history in World War II. During the blitz they showed outstanding
:56:07. > :56:11.courage. The girl guides from London and the south-east of England this
:56:12. > :56:17.year. They are representing members from Sussex. The counters of Wessex
:56:18. > :56:19.is their president. The Boys Brigade and the Girls Brigade of England and
:56:20. > :56:46.Wales -- the counters of Wessex. Brigade, the Metropolitan Police
:56:47. > :56:53.cadets and at the end the St John Ambulance cadets and the British Red
:56:54. > :56:59.Cross. They were formed in 1870, helping millions of people around
:57:00. > :57:08.the world. That tale passes the Cenotaph. 10,366 people, we reckon,
:57:09. > :57:13.have passed the Cenotaph. 241 groups have marched past and have gone
:57:14. > :57:18.round to Horse Guards where we rejoin Sophie Rayworth.
:57:19. > :57:24.Here we are on Horse Guards parade surrounded by thousands and
:57:25. > :57:29.thousands of veterans and civilians who have taken part in the march
:57:30. > :57:34.passed today. Two gentleman who had taken part for the first time, Heath
:57:35. > :57:38.Jamieson who was marching with walking for the wounded and Steve
:57:39. > :57:46.Tatham. You are incredibly lucky to be here today, tell us what happened
:57:47. > :57:49.to you in Afghanistan. I got shot in Afghanistan. I fractured some
:57:50. > :57:56.vertebrae and did a lot of damage so it is good to be here. You have
:57:57. > :57:59.flown in literally, from Australia to highlight the importance of the
:58:00. > :58:05.charities who are here today to highlight the work that you do. We
:58:06. > :58:09.are doing an expedition to the South Pole leaving at the end of the week.
:58:10. > :58:15.Charities like Walking With The Wounded help retrain soldiers to get
:58:16. > :58:22.back into the civilian workforce. It is your first time here today. What
:58:23. > :58:28.do you make of it? It is an honour. The British do it very well. Steve
:58:29. > :58:34.Tatham, explain some of the work you did. Our job in Afghanistan is to
:58:35. > :58:38.understand the human terrain. We have been there for seven years now,
:58:39. > :58:43.trying to persuade people that the right course of action is not the
:58:44. > :58:46.Taliban course of action but is a port their national government. Tell
:58:47. > :58:50.me about the people you were remembering when you walked past the
:58:51. > :58:55.Cenotaph early on. You lost one of your members, didn't you? We did, we
:58:56. > :59:02.sadly lost Corporal Sarah Bryant who was one of our special analyst. You
:59:03. > :59:08.cannot do our work from behind a barbed wire cage, you have to be
:59:09. > :59:32.amongst the people. Unfortunately, she made
:59:33. > :59:39.amongst the people. Unfortunately, here on the very first time and he
:59:40. > :59:45.led the parade. With Earl Haig. And for you to be here today, you have
:59:46. > :59:51.been here a few times now. I felt it was correct that I should come even
:59:52. > :59:56.though sadly I am in a chair. That is not through any wound or
:59:57. > :59:59.anything. You to part in the march passed in a chair but you are very
:00:00. > :00:07.determined to stand with us now because it is a very proud moment
:00:08. > :00:12.for you. It is indeed. The whole parade is a very thought-provoking
:00:13. > :00:18.and evocative and emotive parade. To march through the streets of London,
:00:19. > :00:26.cheered by thousands, is an experience. Colonel Mike Jackson,
:00:27. > :00:37.extraordinary role. You met John Brunel-Cohen earlier on. I did. It
:00:38. > :00:44.is about being able to have met him. Amazing. Thank you.
:00:45. > :00:51.The Princess Royal still saluting as the veterans pass. The national
:00:52. > :01:08.President of the British Legion is on the podium with her.
:01:09. > :01:15.Everything becomes less formal after this. Many of these old friends
:01:16. > :01:21.gather in pubs around the area, or go back to their clubs, regimental
:01:22. > :01:28.clubs up-and-down the country. A memorable day for all of them in
:01:29. > :01:34.this November sunshine. And a wonderful moment for us to recall
:01:35. > :01:40.their sacrifice. Let's re-join Sophie again.
:01:41. > :01:46.Here on Horse Guards Parade is Lieutenant Colonel Mike Smith. You
:01:47. > :01:51.are the Rifles Regimental Casualty Officer. It is also incredibly
:01:52. > :01:54.important to remember those who have been injured, very often very
:01:55. > :01:59.severely in conflicts past? Absolutely. Every regiment considers
:02:00. > :02:03.itself to be a family. We take that responsibility very seriously in the
:02:04. > :02:09.Rifles. We have had 62 killed in action since the Rifles were formed.
:02:10. > :02:17.For every soldier who has sadly lost his life, there is another four who
:02:18. > :02:22.have been seriously wounded. Those guys need our help. Not now, but
:02:23. > :02:27.forever. The average age of our seriously wounded is 18 to 26.
:02:28. > :02:31.They've got decades, hopefully, of good life ahead of them. We need to
:02:32. > :02:37.be there for them to make sure we offer support, financial, emotional
:02:38. > :02:41.support for the rest of their lives. And important for you to be here for
:02:42. > :02:45.that reason today? Absolutely. Thank you for joining me on Horse Guards
:02:46. > :02:50.Parade. Thank you, Sophie. You know that, at
:02:51. > :02:54.moments of national remembrance like today, we are reminded of the scale
:02:55. > :02:58.of human suffering and the pain caused by war and to do that we
:02:59. > :03:03.repeat the numbers of those killed in conflict though numbers alone
:03:04. > :03:09.could help us understand the scale and horror of war. But it is not
:03:10. > :03:15.easy, though, perhaps it is not possible to mourn numbers. Too
:03:16. > :03:20.impersonal. Too many faces we have never seen. Too many stories we have
:03:21. > :03:25.never heard. And it is not the raw numbers that those gathered here
:03:26. > :03:34.remember, nor the families who have been bereaved by war remember, it is
:03:35. > :03:42.one particular death. One absence from life. A son or daughter,
:03:43. > :03:48.brother or sister, or friend who did not return. Just two minutes of
:03:49. > :03:53.silence once a year seems so little to offer for everything they gave.
:03:54. > :03:56.From Whitehall, goodbye.