:00:18. > :00:25.The heart of London on a still autumn morning, familiar landmarks,
:00:26. > :00:29.Westminster Abbey to the left and to the right the Palace of Westminster.
:00:30. > :00:34.And down below Whitehall leading up to the Cenotaph.
:00:35. > :00:38.Around this Portland Stone memorial, crowds are gathered, as they have
:00:39. > :00:42.been every year for nearly 100 years, to remember and pay homage to
:00:43. > :00:46.the British and Commonwealth forces killed in two World Wars
:00:47. > :00:55.This year, after 13 years and over 450 deaths, British combat forces
:00:56. > :01:05.were withdrawn from Afghanistan, but there as elsewhere in the world,
:01:06. > :01:16.members of the Armed Forces remain - often in peril, always at risk.
:01:17. > :01:18.Just a few weeks ago, Alan Scott
:01:19. > :01:22.and Geraint Roberts were killed in a helicopter crash in Kabul.
:01:23. > :01:24.And Lance Corporal Michael Campbell died earlier this year
:01:25. > :01:31.after an injury in Afghanistan three years ago.
:01:32. > :01:36.The Cenotaph was erected in 1920 to serve as a memorial for the dead
:01:37. > :01:40.of the First World War, the war which changed the nature of war,
:01:41. > :01:54.And now, nearly 100 years on, just as we did last year and will again
:01:55. > :01:59.next year, we have, as a nation, been remembering those times.
:02:00. > :02:01.At the War Graves Cemetery in Brookwood near Woking,
:02:02. > :02:04.a new memorial to those killed in the First World War was unveiled
:02:05. > :02:07.a few days ago by the Duke of Kent, president of the
:02:08. > :02:24.of 264 men previously without memorials.
:02:25. > :02:27.It ranged from John Nixon Brown, killed the day after Britain
:02:28. > :02:31.declared war on Germany in 1914, to Clarence Edgar Morgan,
:02:32. > :02:35.who died the very day the Armistice was signed four years later.
:02:36. > :02:52.A place for families to come and remember.
:02:53. > :02:54.Thousands of veterans have gathered in Horse Guards Parade,
:02:55. > :03:19.Beyond the Cenotaph, up towards Trafalgar Square, they will line up
:03:20. > :03:24.in seven columns waiting to march beside the memorial of the women
:03:25. > :03:26.at war, past the Cenotaph, each contingent
:03:27. > :03:31.Some come back year after year to share private memories
:03:32. > :03:43.Often to march in memory of a father, mother,
:03:44. > :03:50.grandfather or grandmother in honour of their service during the war.
:03:51. > :03:58.The ceremony we will see here today differs very little from the
:03:59. > :04:04.familiar scene. Her Majesty The Queen will lay a wreath on behalf of
:04:05. > :04:08.the nation after the two-minute silence. There is a small change
:04:09. > :04:15.this year, King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands is going to be here
:04:16. > :04:19.laying a wreath after her marking the 70th anniversary of the
:04:20. > :04:24.liberation of Holland in 1945. And then other members of the Royal
:04:25. > :04:27.family will lay wreaths into macro groups rather than simply and senior
:04:28. > :04:32.members of the Armed Forces will lay wreaths, politicians, High
:04:33. > :04:39.Commissioners from the Commonwealth will lay there is too. The Massed
:04:40. > :04:43.Bands under the Senior Director of Music playing here for the first
:04:44. > :05:21.time raises his baton to start with as always Rule Britannia.
:05:22. > :06:30.The Skye Boat Song played by the pipes and drums of the Black Watch.
:06:31. > :06:56.The Senior Drum Major, Scott Fitzgerald of the
:06:57. > :06:58.Coldstream Guards, brings the parade to attention and the Massed Bands
:06:59. > :07:25.The numbers of the dead counted on this Remembrance Sunday is
:07:26. > :07:29.always shocking and of course is the source of our
:07:30. > :07:32.public grief, but every death is a place for private grieving.
:07:33. > :07:34.Corporal Liam Riley served with the 3rd Battalion of the
:07:35. > :07:37.Yorkshire Regiment, he died in Afghanistan in 2010.
:07:38. > :07:40.He was killed by an IED, an explosive device planted
:07:41. > :07:48.If ever you asked him what he was going to be when he grew up, he said
:07:49. > :07:54.I will be a soldier, I will be in the army, and he never wavered.
:07:55. > :07:58.He used to say, I'm going to be a soldier, I'm going to be a soldier.
:07:59. > :08:10.My big brother Liam was a tall, friendly, loving guy who was just
:08:11. > :08:17.He was really a high-flying young man in the Army.
:08:18. > :08:21.But when he came home, he just left the Army behind him
:08:22. > :08:34.He'd missed going with his regiment because he was doing
:08:35. > :08:38.his Corporal's course and the Army wouldn't release him to go.
:08:39. > :08:45.He actually came home and said, "How do they expect me to train other
:08:46. > :08:49.young soldiers to go to Afghanistan when I've not been myself?"
:08:50. > :08:52.And he was that adamant that he wanted to go.
:08:53. > :08:57.And I think they let him go under pressure, to be honest.
:08:58. > :09:00.After I'd got the news that Liam had died, my initial thoughts were,
:09:01. > :09:24.I don't know how anybody goes on, losing a child, because it broke
:09:25. > :09:29.But to lose a child, it's terrible.
:09:30. > :09:32.On Remembrance Sunday, we go and visit his grave and give flowers
:09:33. > :09:43.It's such an emotional day, but it's fulfilling for me in the fact
:09:44. > :09:46.that you see people remembering not just my son, but all those who have
:09:47. > :09:55.Remembrance Sunday's changed for me now because it's more poignant now.
:09:56. > :10:02.You've got one of your own that you've got to remember.
:10:03. > :10:06.And you're thankful that people do remember.
:10:07. > :10:08.And I hope they carry on remembering.
:10:09. > :10:13.I felt proper proud of Liam that he wanted to do the Army really bad
:10:14. > :10:19.And it makes me very proud to say that he went out there
:10:20. > :10:27.You've got to have them memories and have them good memories.
:10:28. > :10:33.And I've got a photo of him - me, Liam and his granddad.
:10:34. > :10:36.I sit here in the kitchen and his photo's there.
:10:37. > :10:39.And I salute him every morning and I salute him every night.
:10:40. > :11:14.And now Edward Elgar's haunting Nimrod The Hunter.
:11:15. > :15:54.MUSIC: Nimrod by Elgar
:15:55. > :15:56.The clergy procession leavig the Foreign and Commonwealth Office
:15:57. > :15:58.building, and the Bishop of London, the Right Reverend Richard Chartres.
:15:59. > :16:01.Then the Major General, two mounted regiments of Household
:16:02. > :16:03.Cavalry, Major General Edwards Smith Osman and Mike Wilmot.
:16:04. > :16:07.Then the politicians come out led by David Cameron, the Prime Minister.
:16:08. > :16:11.Those familiar faces from the House of Commons, Tony Blair, John Major,
:16:12. > :16:21.They take their place to one side, Jeremy Corbyn, the Leader of the
:16:22. > :16:27.Opposition, standing next to the Prime Minister, and Angus Robertson
:16:28. > :16:31.from the Scottish National Party, Jim Fallon of the Liberal Democrats,
:16:32. > :16:40.The Chief of Defence Staff, Sir Nicholas Houghton,
:16:41. > :16:42.the First Sea Lord Chief, Admiral Sir George Zambellas,
:16:43. > :16:50.General Nicholas Carter, and Chief of the Air Staff, Andrew Pulford.
:16:51. > :16:57.And with them there the ambassador from Ireland.
:16:58. > :17:02.And now the procession of High Commissioners from the Commonwealth,
:17:03. > :17:09.46 in all, laying wreaths, each of them, on behalf of their countries,
:17:10. > :17:13.most of whom played a part in the First and Second World Wars, some of
:17:14. > :17:30.whom were absolutely crucial to victory, the Commonwealth countries,
:17:31. > :17:39.Religious dominations emerging from the doorway. -- denominations. A
:17:40. > :17:52.group that has gradually grown over the years. On the balcony, the Queen
:17:53. > :18:01.of the Netherlands, Queen Maxima, next to the Duchess of Cambridge.
:18:02. > :18:02.There's Tim Laurence, the Princess Royal's husband, and the Countess of
:18:03. > :18:57.Wessex, on the right. There's silence now, as we wait for
:18:58. > :19:14.the royal party. Her Majesty the Queen with,
:19:15. > :19:16.beside her, the King of the And other members of the Royal
:19:17. > :19:22.family, the Duke of Cambridge, Prince Henry of Wales,
:19:23. > :19:28.the Duke Of York, the Duke of Kent, It is now just a few moments
:19:29. > :19:39.before Big Ben chimes Last Post sounded,
:19:40. > :23:57.the gunfire at the end of the two minutes' silence, and the Queen lays
:23:58. > :24:28.her wreath on behalf of the nation. And now the King of the Netherlands
:24:29. > :24:33.is handed his wreath by a general of the Royal Netherlands Army,
:24:34. > :24:38.laying this wreath in commemoration His great-grandmother, Wilhelmina,
:24:39. > :24:50.took refuge here during the And now the Duke of Edinburgh,
:24:51. > :24:58.who served with distinction The other members of the Royal
:24:59. > :25:18.family will lay their wreaths The Duke of Cambridge, Prince Henry
:25:19. > :25:32.of Wales and the Duke of York first. All of whom have seen service
:25:33. > :25:35.in the armed forces, the Duke of York in the Falklands, Prince
:25:36. > :25:40.Henry in the Blues and Royals, the Duke of Cambridge in the Household
:25:41. > :25:44.Cavalry, the Royal Air Force, and Then the next group of three,
:25:45. > :25:51.the Earl of Wessex, the Princess The Earl of Wessex, an honorary
:25:52. > :25:59.colonel of the Wessex Yeomanry. And the parade will be called to
:26:00. > :26:26.stand at ease, and then the Prime Minister will be the first of
:26:27. > :26:40.the politicians to lay his wreath. There has been some discussion
:26:41. > :26:47.about which politicians should lay wreaths and in which order,
:26:48. > :26:51.but it emerges that any politician leading a party with six members
:26:52. > :26:58.in the House of Commons is entitled So the Prime Minister lays
:26:59. > :27:07.his wreath, and he will be followed by Jeremy Corbyn, the new official
:27:08. > :27:33.Leader of the Opposition. After him, Angus Robertson from the
:27:34. > :27:38.Scottish National Party, who lays a wreath on behalf of the SNP and also
:27:39. > :27:56.Plaid Cymru, the Welsh nationalists. Tim Farron for the
:27:57. > :28:15.Liberal Democrats. Nigel Dodds,
:28:16. > :28:17.the leader of the Democratic And the Secretary of State
:28:18. > :28:45.for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Philip
:28:46. > :28:47.Hammond, laying this wreath on of 14 overseas territories,
:28:48. > :28:49.Gibraltar, Bermuda, the Pitcairn This more extravagant wreath with
:28:50. > :28:57.flowers taken First, the countries that played
:28:58. > :29:08.a huge part in both world wars, Canada and Australia, New Zealand,
:29:09. > :29:12.South Africa and India. India had over 2.5 million
:29:13. > :29:20.volunteers serving in World War II. Canada lost over 100,000
:29:21. > :29:25.in both world wars. New Zealand, South Africa,
:29:26. > :29:32.30000 and 20,000 dead. The next group is led off
:29:33. > :29:42.by Nigeria, whose 82nd West African Division fought with
:29:43. > :29:48.great distinction in Burma. Cyprus, 30,000 served with
:29:49. > :29:54.the British Army after the German Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Jamaica,
:29:55. > :30:01.which provided naval bases, Trinidad and Tobago, which provided bases for
:30:02. > :30:09.the United States after the deal over destroyers, and Kenya, which
:30:10. > :30:12.fought in East Africa and to have some members here
:30:13. > :30:14.for the first time on parades The next group is led off by Malta,
:30:15. > :30:28.who were awarded the George Cross, whose harbour was
:30:29. > :30:34.so crucial to provide goods during the war in North Africa,
:30:35. > :30:42.and which the Axis bombed Zambia, Singapore, Botswana,
:30:43. > :31:00.Lesotho, Barbados and Mauritius. The Next Group Is Led By Swaziland,
:31:01. > :31:02.Whose King Gathered Together A Group Of Young Men To Go And Fight With
:31:03. > :31:05.Britain In The Second World War. Tonga, Fiji, Bangladesh,
:31:06. > :31:08.the Bahamas governed by the Duke of Windsor, Granada, Papa New Guinea,
:31:09. > :31:14.the Seychelles, the Commonwealth And The Final Group, St Vincent And
:31:15. > :31:33.The Grenadines. Belize,
:31:34. > :31:39.the Maldives, Saint Christopher, Namibia, Cameroon,
:31:40. > :31:42.and finally two members of the Commonwealth who had no colonial
:31:43. > :31:47.link, Rwanda and Mozambique. The next wreath will be laid
:31:48. > :32:01.by the Ambassador from Ireland who served in World War
:32:02. > :32:35.I, of whom 35,000 lost their lives. Admiral Sir George Zambellas, Sir
:32:36. > :32:39.Andrew Pulford And The Chief Of The Defence Staff Standing Just Behind.
:32:40. > :32:51.battle of the Atlantic. Merchant Navy, all important in the
:32:52. > :32:56.The new chair of the National Chief Police Council there.
:32:57. > :33:02.As soon as they are packing their place service begins.
:33:03. > :33:13.O, Almighty God, grant we beseech thee that we who here do honour to
:33:14. > :33:16.the memory of those who have died in the service of their country and of
:33:17. > :33:20.the Crown may be so inspired by the spirit of their love and fortitude
:33:21. > :33:29.that, forgetting all selfish and unworthy motives,
:33:30. > :33:32.we may live only to thy glory and to the service of mankind,
:33:33. > :35:20.# Short as the watch that ends the night
:35:21. > :35:56.# Be thou our guide while troubles last
:35:57. > :36:05.Teach us, good Lord, to serve thee as thou deservest, to give and not
:36:06. > :36:11.to count the cost, to fight and not to heed the wounds, to toil and not
:36:12. > :36:22.to seek for rest, to labour and not ask for any reward, save that of
:36:23. > :36:29.knowing that we will do thy will, through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen.
:36:30. > :36:39.Our Father, which art in Heaven, hallowed be thy name.
:36:40. > :36:42.Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in Heaven.
:36:43. > :36:45.Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses
:36:46. > :36:48.as we forgive those who trespass against us.
:36:49. > :36:52.And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil, for thine
:36:53. > :37:00.is the kingdom, the power and the glory, for ever and ever, Amen.
:37:01. > :37:06.Unto God's gracious mercy and protection we commit you.
:37:07. > :37:17.The Lord make his face to shine upon you and be gracious unto you.
:37:18. > :37:21.The Lord lift up the light of his countenance upon you and give
:37:22. > :39:06.The Queen leads the Royal family away
:39:07. > :39:11.from Whitehall, that part of the ceremonial here over.
:39:12. > :39:19.The brief service and the laying of the wreaths.
:39:20. > :39:25.The Duke of Cambridge will be going on to horse guards and he
:39:26. > :39:29.will take the salute of the 10,500 people waiting further up Whitehall
:39:30. > :39:36.They have been watching this service on huge television screens
:39:37. > :39:41.They haven't been missing, they have been taking part, singing
:39:42. > :40:00.goes back to the seventh century. of the Chapel Royal whose history
:40:01. > :40:04.The Sergeant Of The Vestry And The Sub-dean And Bishop Of London, Dr
:40:05. > :40:14.Richard Chartres. And after the clergy,
:40:15. > :40:19.the politicians. The Speaker of the House of Commons
:40:20. > :40:22.on the bottom right of your screen, And After Them The High
:40:23. > :40:43.Commissioners. And shortly there will be space
:40:44. > :40:48.created for the march passed to And the Royal British Legion
:40:49. > :41:54.Scotland represented by Janet Harvey, and the Women's Section, the
:41:55. > :41:56.national chairman, Marilyn Humphrey. The Royal Naval Association with
:41:57. > :41:59.the distinctive wreath in the form In a few moments,
:42:00. > :42:15.the march-past will start, and thousands will pay
:42:16. > :42:17.their respects at the Cenotaph. Among them are veterans
:42:18. > :42:20.of the Second World War, marking the 70th anniversary
:42:21. > :42:22.of the end of this conflict. Four of those who served in that
:42:23. > :42:35.war recall those difficult times. Everybody
:42:36. > :42:39.around me was being called up, and I So I eventually got in the Navy,
:42:40. > :42:46.because I was young and fit I went into the ATS in 1942 and I
:42:47. > :42:56.worked on ack-ack. As a 14-year-old boy, I joined
:42:57. > :43:05.the British Army as a boy soldier. The war started
:43:06. > :43:09.during my boy service. And at 17 and a half,
:43:10. > :43:12.they were desperate for paratroops, I got my wings in February 1943
:43:13. > :43:23.and was posted to 656 Squadron, the only squadron to be posted to
:43:24. > :43:27.the Far East. We were on the banks of the Humber,
:43:28. > :43:34.and we were defending Hull. You could be in bed,
:43:35. > :43:36.and the alarm would go. You'd jump into your boots
:43:37. > :43:39.and grab your greatcoat. Your steel helmet would be there,
:43:40. > :43:42.and you'd go. Sometimes we were called out three
:43:43. > :43:45.and four times in the night. Hull was the worst-bombed place
:43:46. > :43:51.in Britain that I ever saw. They wanted us to be ready
:43:52. > :43:59.for the invasion of Germany, which You get to your drop zone
:44:00. > :44:07.and you're at the door and out! And you go out of that aeroplane one
:44:08. > :44:12.at a time, bang-bang-bang-bang-bang. When you jump out of an aeroplane,
:44:13. > :44:15.the slipstream gets you, you know. And one got killed right
:44:16. > :44:30.by the side of me, and I thought, We were street-fighting,
:44:31. > :44:46.forest clearing, and that's when I got wounded, and I
:44:47. > :44:49.lost two of my close colleagues. This leg, which was hanging on by a
:44:50. > :44:53.piece of skin, I put on top of this And that's when I injected myself
:44:54. > :44:58.with the morphine, because I knew The night the war ended,
:44:59. > :45:09.I felt a sort of vacuum. the beginning of the end of my Army
:45:10. > :45:14.life. And it changed my whole attitude
:45:15. > :45:17.to ever so many things that I It changes your attitude
:45:18. > :45:24.to all kinds of things. When the Second World War came
:45:25. > :45:27.along, everybody grew up. Or a woman,
:45:28. > :45:31.whichever the case may be. And I think to myself,
:45:32. > :45:37.whatever the Second World War was, They say "War to end all wars",
:45:38. > :45:45.but it never works. And I look back and I think,
:45:46. > :45:49."Will this world ever be peaceful?" I hope it will be, because it's
:45:50. > :45:52.a wonderful world and everybody I always think
:45:53. > :46:01.of a nameless soldier who had been washed down the Irrawaddy,
:46:02. > :46:04.and his body was lying on the sand. For nearly a couple of weeks,
:46:05. > :46:14.I flew out over him. I mean, there's an awful lot
:46:15. > :47:52.of chaps out there we left behind, The reconnaissance core sets of the
:47:53. > :47:57.march-past. The electrical and mechanical engineers, their job to
:47:58. > :48:03.keep the equipment working. Before them was the armoury -- Army
:48:04. > :48:09.catering Corps, all-important given their role in the front line, and
:48:10. > :48:21.Army remember, marches on its stomach. The Queen Alexandra's
:48:22. > :48:27.nursing Corps, recently deployed in Sierra Leone, where they had a
:48:28. > :48:42.facility to look after people trying to treat those with Ebola.
:48:43. > :48:47.The King's Royal Hussars regimental Association, their 300th
:48:48. > :48:52.anniversary. They were raised in 1715, to counter the Jacobite
:48:53. > :48:53.rebellion will stop they fought at Culloden and Waterloo and the charge
:48:54. > :49:13.of the light Brigade. 606 -- 656 Squadron in their light
:49:14. > :49:19.blue beret is, the reconnaissance Squadron. Served in India, Burma,
:49:20. > :49:35.Java, Burma and melee. More recently, in Libya.
:49:36. > :49:42.The British limbless ex-service men's Association, led by James
:49:43. > :49:45.Chittenden, who served in the Parachutes. The Royal Hospital
:49:46. > :49:53.Chelsea, led by the famous figure of Bill Speakman VC. Famously won
:49:54. > :49:58.Victoria Cross in Korea. He is 88 years old now and was said then
:49:59. > :50:16.after ammunition ran out to throw empty beer bottles at the Chinese
:50:17. > :50:19.forces. the next line is led off by the Royal air forces Association,
:50:20. > :50:28.commemorating their 75th anniversary at the Battle of Britain. Winston
:50:29. > :50:33.Churchill said of that battle, the battle for France is over, the
:50:34. > :50:37.Battle for Britain is about to begin. A famous speech which ended
:50:38. > :50:46.with him saying, this was their finest hour. So the Royal Air Force
:50:47. > :50:51.and the Royal Air Force Regiment Association and the head of the
:50:52. > :50:53.parade that has passed us here has already reached Horse Guards,
:50:54. > :50:57.whether Duke of Cambridge is taking the salute as they go past. They
:50:58. > :51:03.don't just go past the Cenotaph, they go round on the Horse Guards.
:51:04. > :51:09.The Duke will be taking the salute for the next half hour, or three
:51:10. > :51:14.quarters of an hour, as long as it takes, for the eight Squadron
:51:15. > :51:20.Association, eight veterans deployed to France, moved to the Middle East
:51:21. > :51:24.and stayed in the Middle East for 57 years. They have had 100 years of
:51:25. > :51:33.operations overseas, thought to be unique in any air force. The Royal
:51:34. > :51:36.Air Force movements and mobile air movement Squadron, it's called. They
:51:37. > :51:48.are here for the first time this year. They have been working at the
:51:49. > :51:51.Ethiopian famine relief, in 1984. They helped the Russian rescue of
:51:52. > :52:03.the submarine Kursk. The Royal Air Force Police
:52:04. > :52:14.Association, with their white service caps, nicknamed the
:52:15. > :52:29.Snowdrops. Established back in 1918. The Not Forgotten Association.
:52:30. > :52:36.John Brunell Cohen, who landed on Juno Beach in 1944. This Not
:52:37. > :52:41.Forgotten Association is one of the oldest of the charities. There are
:52:42. > :52:48.various charities here today. They are representing all the services.
:52:49. > :52:54.The soldiers, sailors, airmen and families Association, who suffer
:52:55. > :52:59.their 130th anniversary. Leading it, Kevin, who served in the Middle
:53:00. > :53:19.East and the Gulf War, and in Iraq. The Gurkha Brigade Association, the
:53:20. > :53:29.200th anniversary of the creation of the Gurkhas. As an Army, serving the
:53:30. > :53:34.British Crown. The Duke of Cambridge still taking the salute on horse
:53:35. > :53:40.guards, as the procession round the bottom end of Whitehall and turns up
:53:41. > :53:48.onto Horse Guards Parade. We rejoin it at the point where the Royal
:53:49. > :53:59.Marines Association, their green berets, blue berets. They are all
:54:00. > :54:10.trained to commando level before they get that coveted green beret.
:54:11. > :54:19.HMS Bulwark, Albion and Centaur, those three ships. Bulwark, the
:54:20. > :54:22.latest version of HMS Bulwark, involved in the rescue of migrants
:54:23. > :54:45.from the Mediterranean earlier this year. The Fleet Air Arm officers
:54:46. > :54:50.Association here. Now the Fleet Air Arm has been represented by various
:54:51. > :54:58.parts of their service, the armourers' sick Association, the
:54:59. > :55:04.Buccaneers Association, the national Far East Prisoners of War
:55:05. > :55:09.Association. Marching for their 70th anniversary of the end of the war in
:55:10. > :55:16.the Far East. The National pigeon war service. The juju messenger
:55:17. > :55:26.pigeons were awarded the animal Victoria Cross -- 32 messenger
:55:27. > :55:35.pigeons. It's the Dicken medal. The National Gulf veterans and families
:55:36. > :55:38.Association. The wreath Berra, Nick -- Nicholas Lee Richards, served in
:55:39. > :55:52.the Falklands, the Sudan and the Crown.
:55:53. > :56:03.The families of those who fought in the British first Army, landing in
:56:04. > :56:06.Algeria in November 1942. The Parachute regimental Association, in
:56:07. > :56:12.their red berets, the Red Devils, they were called back, by the
:56:13. > :56:14.Germans. They are actually maroon berets. Carried out the crossing of
:56:15. > :56:37.the Rhine in 1945. The Rifles regimental Association
:56:38. > :56:41.next. Among those marching, Lisa Inns, whose son was killed. She and
:56:42. > :56:47.her daughter there. A touching sight.
:56:48. > :56:58.Here for the first time, the Kings African rifles. There wreath layer,
:56:59. > :57:02.they have travelled from Kenya to take part in this march-past today.
:57:03. > :57:08.One of the veterans last marched here in 1946. Joseph, in the victory
:57:09. > :57:16.parade, in front of George VI. Over 100,000 Africans fought
:57:17. > :57:19.in the Second World War and they are They bore the brunt
:57:20. > :57:37.of the fighting in east Africa They were laying a wreath on behalf
:57:38. > :57:45.of the Women's Land Army and the women's Timber Corps.
:57:46. > :57:55.The Scout Association, led by Jags, whose great-uncle lost his life
:57:56. > :57:59.during the First World War. For those young people, a reminder of
:58:00. > :58:03.what these events are all about as this ceremony draws to a close. It
:58:04. > :58:06.is a commemoration to which everyone, I suppose, brings their
:58:07. > :58:09.own private thoughts, and from which they take their own different
:58:10. > :58:15.memories. We have been hearing some of them. It's now nearly 100 years
:58:16. > :58:19.since the Cenotaph was the focus of national mourning for those killed
:58:20. > :58:23.in the war, which exceeded in its horror anything that was then
:58:24. > :58:27.thought conceivable. But it was next the focus for those who lost their
:58:28. > :58:30.lives to defeat fascism in the second Great War of the 20th
:58:31. > :58:39.century, a war which ended in the hope that peace might follow. They
:58:40. > :58:44.hope that eludes us, year on year, as we mourn more young lives cut
:58:45. > :58:51.short by death, all four of the changed by injury. -- or forever
:58:52. > :58:54.changed by injury. It's not really the glory of war that is
:58:55. > :59:00.commemorated here, so much as the horror. Lest we forget. From London,
:59:01. > :59:08.goodbye. He's in an exotic land. In the far
:59:09. > :59:12.reaches of northern Europe. A place of unbelievable history,
:59:13. > :59:16.myth and legend. ..as he discovers a different
:59:17. > :59:26.kind of Ireland.