0:00:02 > 0:00:04Meet the Robshaws - Brandon, Rochelle, Miranda
0:00:04 > 0:00:06Ros, and Fred.
0:00:06 > 0:00:08They've been back in time before...
0:00:09 > 0:00:12..and experienced the transformation in our diets
0:00:12 > 0:00:15from the 1950s... Whoa! ..to the 1990s.
0:00:15 > 0:00:18That is just amazing. Look at them!
0:00:18 > 0:00:21Now they're travelling further back in time
0:00:21 > 0:00:24to the first half of the 20th century,
0:00:24 > 0:00:27to discover how changes in the food we ate...
0:00:27 > 0:00:30Oh, my good Lord! Is it brains?
0:00:30 > 0:00:32..the way it was served...
0:00:32 > 0:00:34and how it was cooked...
0:00:34 > 0:00:37Yes, I'm cooking the pudding in the soup. Why?
0:00:37 > 0:00:39..helped change the course of history.
0:00:40 > 0:00:42Starting in the 1900s...
0:00:42 > 0:00:43Oh, my goodness!
0:00:44 > 0:00:47..this Victorian house will be their time machine...
0:00:47 > 0:00:50What is that? It looks like a giant hand grenade.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53..fast-forwarding them through a new year each day.
0:00:53 > 0:00:541941, everyone.
0:00:54 > 0:00:56From strict etiquette...
0:00:56 > 0:00:58I might practise my bowing.
0:01:00 > 0:01:01THEY GIGGLE
0:01:01 > 0:01:03..to new fads and flavours.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06Eurgh! It's not that bad!
0:01:06 > 0:01:08Dad! Brandon! THEY LAUGH
0:01:08 > 0:01:10From far too much...
0:01:10 > 0:01:11I think I've got the meat sweats.
0:01:11 > 0:01:13..to not enough.
0:01:13 > 0:01:14Doesn't look like a fried egg.
0:01:14 > 0:01:16SHE GASPS No!
0:01:16 > 0:01:19Can we eat that? No.
0:01:19 > 0:01:22As they discover how a revolution in our eating habits...
0:01:22 > 0:01:24BOTTLE POPS ..helped create the modern family.
0:01:25 > 0:01:29Last time, the family lived through the excesses of the Edwardian era.
0:01:29 > 0:01:32The courses just keep coming and coming.
0:01:32 > 0:01:35And enjoyed the services of another time traveller, Debbie, their maid,
0:01:35 > 0:01:37who kept them fed and watered.
0:01:39 > 0:01:42This time, they're entering the 1910s,
0:01:42 > 0:01:43a decade when our diets...
0:01:43 > 0:01:44Oh!
0:01:44 > 0:01:47..and our daily lives were turned upside down.
0:01:47 > 0:01:49It feels like the war is really starting to bite.
0:02:00 > 0:02:03It's the second stage of our time travel experiment,
0:02:03 > 0:02:08and the family's 1900s house has been transformed.
0:02:08 > 0:02:11It's 1910, the start of a decade full of tumultuous change.
0:02:13 > 0:02:16The kitchen has new labour-saving innovations.
0:02:18 > 0:02:20The parlour is not so formal or cluttered.
0:02:21 > 0:02:24And the dining room is less ostentatious.
0:02:25 > 0:02:28Social historian Polly Russell and I are back
0:02:28 > 0:02:31to see what the 1910s have in store for the Robshaws.
0:02:34 > 0:02:36It's brighter and lighter than it was before.
0:02:36 > 0:02:38Yeah. It's fresher, isn't it?
0:02:38 > 0:02:39And this baby here,
0:02:39 > 0:02:41which is considerably smaller than the coal-fired oven,
0:02:41 > 0:02:43looks, to me, like a gas cooker.
0:02:43 > 0:02:45Is that a thing they had? This is a gas cooker -
0:02:45 > 0:02:47the mod con of the 1910s.
0:02:47 > 0:02:52About 20% of middle-class households had a gas cooker,
0:02:52 > 0:02:55and it transformed cooking for the servant.
0:02:55 > 0:02:59Presumably, this isn't an actual 1910 gas oven.
0:02:59 > 0:03:02Sadly, it's not because a real one would probably blow us all up now.
0:03:02 > 0:03:05I wonder what delights the larder holds,
0:03:05 > 0:03:07compared with the last decade.
0:03:07 > 0:03:10Well... Much fuller. Far more of the recognisable brands.
0:03:10 > 0:03:14We are consuming an enormous amount of canned goods in Britain -
0:03:14 > 0:03:16the most in the world in this decade.
0:03:16 > 0:03:20This is a result of technological changes in canning
0:03:20 > 0:03:21and also shipping,
0:03:21 > 0:03:26and evidence that we are able to import food from around the world.
0:03:26 > 0:03:28MUSIC: Land Of Hope And Glory by Edward Elgar
0:03:28 > 0:03:31In 1910, Britain was buying 60% of its food from abroad.
0:03:33 > 0:03:35With cheap imports favoured over home-grown products,
0:03:35 > 0:03:40British agriculture had suffered in an era of free trade.
0:03:40 > 0:03:44It's a choice that would have serious consequences in this decade.
0:03:44 > 0:03:47The excess, the quantity, the cheap availability of food
0:03:47 > 0:03:48at the beginning of the decade
0:03:48 > 0:03:52is going to be completely turned upside down by the First World War.
0:03:52 > 0:03:54Because we were so dependent on imports
0:03:54 > 0:03:56and then, just, boom, U-boats, and nothing can get here.
0:03:56 > 0:03:59That's right. One in four merchant ships are being sunk,
0:03:59 > 0:04:02so pressure on food availability is significant.
0:04:02 > 0:04:06And we can see the impact of this in this consumer expenditure survey.
0:04:06 > 0:04:08Broadly speaking, we start out this decade,
0:04:08 > 0:04:13and the total spend is around ?600 million on food.
0:04:13 > 0:04:19By the end of this decade, we're at ?1,541 million.
0:04:19 > 0:04:22And that's not because people are eating twice as much -
0:04:22 > 0:04:24it's because the food is twice as expensive. Exactly.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26So the way we consume food completely changes.
0:04:30 > 0:04:32It's time for the Robshaws to find out
0:04:32 > 0:04:34what these changes will mean for them.
0:04:34 > 0:04:36From 1900 to 1909,
0:04:36 > 0:04:39we were a very comfortably-off family.
0:04:39 > 0:04:41And we ate very well,
0:04:41 > 0:04:43to the extent that I'm actually finding it difficult
0:04:43 > 0:04:45to do my waistcoat buttons up this week.
0:04:45 > 0:04:48I think my dad's getting a bit too comfortable
0:04:48 > 0:04:49with the idea of having a maid.
0:04:49 > 0:04:51I think he's getting a little bit bell happy.
0:04:51 > 0:04:55I'd be very glad to see Debbie back in this era.
0:04:55 > 0:04:58I'm not ready to go back in the kitchen...yet.
0:04:58 > 0:05:01We know that the Great War is looming on the horizon,
0:05:01 > 0:05:05so I'm perhaps a little bit insecure about how that's going to play out.
0:05:11 > 0:05:12Ooh! Wow.
0:05:12 > 0:05:15Ooh, this is very bright, isn't it?
0:05:15 > 0:05:16Wow, it's really nice.
0:05:16 > 0:05:18It seems lighter and airier.
0:05:18 > 0:05:20Oh, look! It's gas.
0:05:20 > 0:05:24Oh! That's a leap forward, isn't it?
0:05:24 > 0:05:27It's a mincer. It's like gadgets.
0:05:27 > 0:05:30This is a much, much nicer room to be in than the last kitchen. Yeah.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32It doesn't feel like a cell, does it? No.
0:05:32 > 0:05:35We've got lino. Hmm! I think it...
0:05:35 > 0:05:37Well, it will certainly be easier for somebody to clean.
0:05:37 > 0:05:40Are you afraid you're going to be the person doing the cleaning?
0:05:40 > 0:05:43LAUGHS: I'm worried I'm going to be the person doing the cooking,
0:05:43 > 0:05:44not the cleaning.
0:05:45 > 0:05:47Oh, this is elegant! Oh, I say!
0:05:47 > 0:05:50Girls, look! What is the first thing that strikes you?!
0:05:50 > 0:05:52The gramophone! What's the first thing you see?
0:05:52 > 0:05:56There's no little knick-knacks, there's no stuffed animals.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58It's more tasteful. It is more tasteful.
0:06:00 > 0:06:04Ah, hello, Robshaws! Hello, Giles. Welcome to 1910.
0:06:04 > 0:06:07What do you make of your new place? It's kind of light, airy.
0:06:07 > 0:06:08Feels a little bit sort of less buttoned up.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11Let's talk about where you are, socially.
0:06:11 > 0:06:13Brandon, you're still doing very well, very nicely.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16That's good to hear. And earning about ?500 a year.
0:06:16 > 0:06:19Wow! So, that's more than double what you were earning before.
0:06:19 > 0:06:22I'm quite curious to know, now he's earning a little bit more,
0:06:22 > 0:06:24if I get to keep...
0:06:24 > 0:06:25the maid.
0:06:25 > 0:06:27You got used to that, did you? Yeah.
0:06:27 > 0:06:31I think it was really good to have somebody in the kitchen.
0:06:31 > 0:06:33Doing all the work. Doing all the work, yeah.
0:06:35 > 0:06:38Luckily for Rochelle, most middle-class families in 1910
0:06:38 > 0:06:40still had a maid.
0:06:40 > 0:06:44So 19-year-old Debbie Raw, a part-time chef in the 21st century,
0:06:44 > 0:06:46will be joining them again.
0:06:46 > 0:06:50The last decade was so hard, just to have so much to do,
0:06:50 > 0:06:52a lot of responsibility for me.
0:06:52 > 0:06:54So I'm kind of just a bit anxious
0:06:54 > 0:06:56about what is going to come in this one.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59In 1910, a Liberal government had been elected
0:06:59 > 0:07:02that would implement new welfare reforms,
0:07:02 > 0:07:04and better paid jobs in shops and factories
0:07:04 > 0:07:07were starting to lure women away from service.
0:07:08 > 0:07:11So, for the first time, the middle classes had to think about ways
0:07:11 > 0:07:14to keep their staff happy, or risk losing them.
0:07:16 > 0:07:17Oh, Debbie!
0:07:19 > 0:07:20She's back!
0:07:20 > 0:07:22So, Debbie, as before, you'll be expected to do
0:07:22 > 0:07:24most of the cooking and cleaning,
0:07:24 > 0:07:27but Rochelle, you might find that you want to muck in a little bit.
0:07:27 > 0:07:29Someone like Debbie was able, by this stage,
0:07:29 > 0:07:31to pick and choose where she worked.
0:07:31 > 0:07:33So you, and maybe the girls, could help out,
0:07:33 > 0:07:37make her life a little bit easier, if you want to hold onto her.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39Apart from that, everything you need to know is in the manual.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42Thank you. Good luck, and I will see you later in the decade.
0:07:42 > 0:07:44Thanks. Bye. Bye.
0:07:44 > 0:07:46Phwoar!
0:07:46 > 0:07:47Oh, my goodness.
0:07:49 > 0:07:53In 1910, over a quarter of young women were in domestic service.
0:07:54 > 0:07:56This is very different.
0:07:56 > 0:07:58Oh, I like the gas. SHE LAUGHS
0:07:58 > 0:08:00This should be good.
0:08:00 > 0:08:01Might have got something.
0:08:01 > 0:08:04Yes! I got a bite.
0:08:04 > 0:08:06It might have been a changing decade,
0:08:06 > 0:08:09but the middle classes were still keen to imitate the upper classes
0:08:09 > 0:08:11and enjoy lavish meals with multiple courses.
0:08:13 > 0:08:16I've got...this evening's menu.
0:08:16 > 0:08:20But this time, I thought I might give you a hand.
0:08:20 > 0:08:22Uh, yeah. Yeah, that's great.
0:08:24 > 0:08:28Tonight's five-course menu comes from the ever-reliable Mrs Beeton.
0:08:40 > 0:08:43So far, Rochelle hasn't cooked anything in her own kitchen.
0:08:45 > 0:08:49Her first task is to light the new gas stove.
0:08:49 > 0:08:51Let me know if you want me to do it. No, I'm all right.
0:08:51 > 0:08:53Ugh, I keep turning it off.
0:09:00 > 0:09:02SHE TUTS Ugh...
0:09:08 > 0:09:10BOTH LAUGH
0:09:14 > 0:09:16It's... I think I can manage the chopping.
0:09:16 > 0:09:17I think I can... Let me cut.
0:09:22 > 0:09:24Suddenly, I feel like I'm having a workout.
0:09:25 > 0:09:29The highlight of tonight's feast will be the stewed wood pigeon.
0:09:29 > 0:09:31I've actually got to pluck it and everything. Oh...
0:09:33 > 0:09:36The new king, George V, mad on fishing and hunting,
0:09:36 > 0:09:37made British game fashionable.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42He once shot over 1,000 pheasant in a single day.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47That looks like something that's just been found in the road.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50Just sort of, like, fell out of the sky.
0:09:50 > 0:09:53Um... I'm just going to take its head off.
0:09:56 > 0:10:00Maids would be expected to pluck and gut whole birds.
0:10:00 > 0:10:04Can you smell it yet? No. OK. No. That's good.
0:10:07 > 0:10:09Shall we just have the soup?
0:10:09 > 0:10:11DEBBIE LAUGHS
0:10:11 > 0:10:14She's the expert in the kitchen, without a doubt.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18If I was faced with a dead pigeon, I'd probably kick it out the door,
0:10:18 > 0:10:22but she just plucked it, gutted it, fried it.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28While Debbie gets on with the last four courses,
0:10:28 > 0:10:32Rochelle's taking charge of the starter - tinned soup.
0:10:33 > 0:10:34Ooh!
0:10:36 > 0:10:40Today, we buy 95 million cans of the stuff a year.
0:10:40 > 0:10:43But, in 1910, Heinz tomato soup was an imported luxury
0:10:43 > 0:10:45sold at Fortnum and Mason,
0:10:45 > 0:10:48and served to impress.
0:10:48 > 0:10:52Probably the worst can-opening skills ever.
0:10:52 > 0:10:54But at least I've opened it.
0:10:56 > 0:10:58I think only one can will be enough.
0:11:01 > 0:11:03Having Rochelle in here is just a little bit weird,
0:11:03 > 0:11:05just cos I'm not used to having her in here.
0:11:05 > 0:11:07She's not sure what to do, really,
0:11:07 > 0:11:09cos she's not been in the kitchen much,
0:11:09 > 0:11:11and I'm not sure what to tell her to do because she's my boss,
0:11:11 > 0:11:13so it's a bit strange.
0:11:13 > 0:11:15Do you think this is ready to go in?
0:11:15 > 0:11:16Um...
0:11:17 > 0:11:19Maybe a tiny, weenie bit more.
0:11:23 > 0:11:26Dinner has taken four hours to prepare,
0:11:26 > 0:11:29and while the mistress might be happy to help in the kitchen...
0:11:31 > 0:11:33..it's service as usual at the table.
0:11:34 > 0:11:36Hello, Debbie. Oh, that looks great!
0:11:36 > 0:11:39Tomato soup for starters. Thank you.
0:11:39 > 0:11:41Is it actually tomato soup out of a can?
0:11:41 > 0:11:43Yes, it is.
0:11:43 > 0:11:44Bit lazy, isn't it?
0:11:44 > 0:11:47Shut up. You don't do anything, ever.
0:11:47 > 0:11:49You can tell it's out a tin, can't you?
0:11:49 > 0:11:50It's kind of thick and sweet.
0:11:50 > 0:11:52It doesn't taste like home-made soup, really.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55BELL RINGS
0:11:55 > 0:11:57Next, the stewed wood pigeon.
0:11:57 > 0:11:59That's amazing.
0:11:59 > 0:12:02I hope it's not some sort of, like, scuzzy London pigeon.
0:12:02 > 0:12:04THEY LAUGH
0:12:04 > 0:12:07Well, the pigeon tastes nice, got a nice sort of gamy flavour.
0:12:07 > 0:12:09Of course, we've still got the mutton to come.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11That's unnecessary. It is really, isn't it?
0:12:11 > 0:12:14If we stopped now, that's quite a good meal.
0:12:14 > 0:12:17But we're saying no. We're saying we're about halfway through now.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22This saddle of mutton is the 49th meat dish
0:12:22 > 0:12:24they've eaten so far in the experiment.
0:12:25 > 0:12:27It is just meat, meat, meat, meat.
0:12:27 > 0:12:29The thing about eating meat all the time
0:12:29 > 0:12:31is when you've done it for quite a long time,
0:12:31 > 0:12:33you actually start to want it every day, then.
0:12:33 > 0:12:34Do you, really? Yeah.
0:12:34 > 0:12:37I think I'm getting a sort of hit. I'm getting a meat hit off this.
0:12:38 > 0:12:41The food today was delicious.
0:12:41 > 0:12:44It was still a lot of food
0:12:44 > 0:12:46and still very meat heavy.
0:12:48 > 0:12:52It is more pleasant being outside the kitchen than in the kitchen.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56I'm not quite sure whether this evening I did too little,
0:12:56 > 0:12:58whether she might go to bed thinking,
0:12:58 > 0:13:01"I'd better start looking for another job."
0:13:02 > 0:13:05Today's still been hard because it's just a new kitchen,
0:13:05 > 0:13:08so it's like starting again, really.
0:13:08 > 0:13:11It would be really nice to have a bit of time off, though,
0:13:11 > 0:13:13now I am getting tired.
0:13:13 > 0:13:15It's hard work. I'm on my feet all day.
0:13:27 > 0:13:30It's a new day, and a new year for the Robshaws.
0:13:31 > 0:13:36A maid's duties started at 7am and often didn't finish until 11pm,
0:13:36 > 0:13:38seven days a week.
0:13:38 > 0:13:41Is there sugar? There you go. Thank you.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44It's quite hard to know that I'm not working for much
0:13:44 > 0:13:46and that I'm getting up and doing all these hours.
0:13:46 > 0:13:49For a person back in the 1910s,
0:13:49 > 0:13:51I can imagine it would really have grinded on them
0:13:51 > 0:13:52to just be stuck in a kitchen.
0:13:54 > 0:13:57Right, got to go to the office now. Got to go?
0:13:57 > 0:13:58Have a nice day. Yeah.
0:14:00 > 0:14:03Men like Brandon would work in town and dine out,
0:14:03 > 0:14:07leaving their wives and daughters to the gentler pursuits of the parlour.
0:14:08 > 0:14:11It's very much a man's world, isn't it?
0:14:13 > 0:14:16The women's suffrage movement had been demanding the vote
0:14:16 > 0:14:18since the turn of the century.
0:14:18 > 0:14:21But, from 1911, the suffragettes' campaign
0:14:21 > 0:14:23had become increasingly militant,
0:14:23 > 0:14:26and their diet was just as radical.
0:14:26 > 0:14:28Hello. Hi.
0:14:28 > 0:14:31Polly has come to give the Robshaw ladies
0:14:31 > 0:14:35a taste of the food enjoyed by many suffragettes.
0:14:35 > 0:14:37The suffragist movements were quite closely aligned
0:14:37 > 0:14:39with the vegetarian movement...
0:14:39 > 0:14:41Yay! ..and vegetarianism.
0:14:41 > 0:14:42They aligned their sort of
0:14:42 > 0:14:45feminist-vegetarian politics together.
0:14:45 > 0:14:48Eating meat is a very masculine way of eating,
0:14:48 > 0:14:50so by rejecting meat, in a way, you're rejecting
0:14:50 > 0:14:55this very patriarchal, macho way of consuming.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58So, this evening, I'm going to ask you to host
0:14:58 > 0:15:01a suffragist vegetarian dinner party.
0:15:01 > 0:15:02This is so great!
0:15:04 > 0:15:06To help with the evening meal,
0:15:06 > 0:15:09I've arranged for vegetarian food expert Sophie Grigson
0:15:09 > 0:15:10to make a surprise visit.
0:15:10 > 0:15:12Hi, I'm Sophie. Hello.
0:15:12 > 0:15:14Hi, hello, I'm Rochelle. Lovely to meet you. You too.
0:15:14 > 0:15:17Yes, I certainly remember all your cookery books. Thank you.
0:15:17 > 0:15:19Well, I've brought supplies for us to cook today.
0:15:19 > 0:15:21Fantastic!
0:15:21 > 0:15:23Tonight's menu comes from the Reform cookbook,
0:15:23 > 0:15:25published only two years earlier.
0:15:31 > 0:15:34..and brown bread queen of puddings.
0:15:34 > 0:15:35I'm intrigued by this menu
0:15:35 > 0:15:38because it's not what a modern-day vegetarian would eat.
0:15:38 > 0:15:40It's a lot plainer.
0:15:40 > 0:15:44It's like the food that is familiar, but without the meat.
0:15:44 > 0:15:47Suffragettes were influenced by the Food Reform Movement,
0:15:47 > 0:15:49which held that a rich, meat-heavy diet
0:15:49 > 0:15:51was a cause of digestive illness.
0:15:53 > 0:15:57They advocated meat substitutes like nuts, lentils, and brown bread.
0:15:57 > 0:16:02It's a reaction to all the really meat-heavy foods
0:16:02 > 0:16:05that Edward VII loved and promoted.
0:16:05 > 0:16:07The creamy sauces, the richness.
0:16:07 > 0:16:12So this is like the flip side of the coin, really.
0:16:12 > 0:16:16It's much lighter, it's much more modest.
0:16:17 > 0:16:18Feels almost like a relief
0:16:18 > 0:16:22to be cooking something without any meat in it at all.
0:16:22 > 0:16:24Are you quite looking forward to this?
0:16:24 > 0:16:25I'm desperate for it.
0:16:25 > 0:16:27And the vote, of course.
0:16:27 > 0:16:28And the vote!
0:16:28 > 0:16:31While Rochelle embraces vegetarianism,
0:16:31 > 0:16:36I'm taking Brandon out for a Teutonic-inspired lunch in town.
0:16:36 > 0:16:37Prost! Prost! Yeah.
0:16:39 > 0:16:42That is a serious amount of sausage, isn't it?
0:16:42 > 0:16:46In 1911, it was all the rage to go for a German,
0:16:46 > 0:16:49in one of the many German restaurants open at the time.
0:16:49 > 0:16:52That is good. That is a good sausage.
0:16:52 > 0:16:54I really like meat, but I think in the modern diet,
0:16:54 > 0:16:57meat occupies a kind of strategic place in your diet,
0:16:57 > 0:16:58it's not "everything is meat".
0:16:58 > 0:17:01Where as back in 1911, it seems that it was -
0:17:01 > 0:17:02if you're a man, anyway. Absolutely.
0:17:02 > 0:17:04People were suspicious of vegetables -
0:17:04 > 0:17:05none more than the Germans.
0:17:05 > 0:17:07In this period, on the eve of the First World War,
0:17:07 > 0:17:11there were something like 50,000 Germans,
0:17:11 > 0:17:12native Germans living in the UK.
0:17:12 > 0:17:15Half the bakers in London were German,
0:17:15 > 0:17:16the butcher's shops were mostly German,
0:17:16 > 0:17:19and there were lots and lots of fashionable German restaurants.
0:17:19 > 0:17:22Three years later would come the war,
0:17:22 > 0:17:23and after that...
0:17:23 > 0:17:25All gone. All gone.
0:17:25 > 0:17:28It seems strange to think that German restaurants, German cuisine
0:17:28 > 0:17:32were so popular because it seems so remote now, doesn't it?
0:17:34 > 0:17:36Very nice. A few more flecks in there.
0:17:36 > 0:17:39You look like the very Kaiser himself.
0:17:44 > 0:17:47Polly's back with a surprise guest for this evening's dinner -
0:17:47 > 0:17:48Helena Pankhurst.
0:17:48 > 0:17:51Hello. Hello.
0:17:51 > 0:17:52I want to introduce you to
0:17:52 > 0:17:54the great granddaughter of Emmeline Pankhurst... Oh, wow!
0:17:54 > 0:17:56..and granddaughter of Sylvia Pankhurst.
0:17:56 > 0:17:58How nice to meet you! Lovely to meet you.
0:17:58 > 0:18:01I got a shiver when you said that. That's really weird.
0:18:03 > 0:18:08Emmeline Pankhurst, leader of the suffragettes, was also a vegetarian.
0:18:08 > 0:18:11In order to boycott the census of 1911, she hid,
0:18:11 > 0:18:14with 200 other suffragettes, in a vegetarian restaurant.
0:18:14 > 0:18:17Looks quite nice. Looks a bit like pizza.
0:18:17 > 0:18:20The Scotch woodcock is a feather-free dish
0:18:20 > 0:18:24of tomatoes, cheese and onion on toast.
0:18:24 > 0:18:27Very nice, isn't it? It's really delicious.
0:18:27 > 0:18:30No wonder the suffragettes became vegetarians.
0:18:31 > 0:18:35Is it a relief not to have a carcass on the table?
0:18:35 > 0:18:38Yes. I've found it overwhelmingly meaty.
0:18:38 > 0:18:41For breakfast, for lunch, for dinner.
0:18:41 > 0:18:43It's been offal all the way.
0:18:46 > 0:18:50The main course is a 1911 equivalent of a nut roast.
0:18:50 > 0:18:52Here's your Brazilian quenelles.
0:18:52 > 0:18:55Wow!
0:18:55 > 0:18:56Lovely. Absolutely lovely.
0:18:56 > 0:19:00Do you think you would have been suffragettes?
0:19:00 > 0:19:02I'd be up for smashing some windows.
0:19:03 > 0:19:05What about chaining yourself to railings?
0:19:05 > 0:19:09I'd do that if there was someone next to me to chat to, I guess.
0:19:10 > 0:19:13But, actually, that was very much what this was all about, in a way.
0:19:13 > 0:19:16There was a great camaraderie and sisterhood that came out of it.
0:19:19 > 0:19:21Although we're sitting here discussing it,
0:19:21 > 0:19:24Debbie is still working in the kitchen.
0:19:24 > 0:19:27That still makes me feel very uncomfortable.
0:19:27 > 0:19:28Absolutely.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33To round off the evening, I've given them the latest board game...
0:19:34 > 0:19:36..Suffragetto.
0:19:36 > 0:19:37LAUGHTER
0:19:37 > 0:19:39"An original and interesting game of skill
0:19:39 > 0:19:42"between Suffragettes and policemen."
0:19:42 > 0:19:45'I think the highlight of the day was, without doubt,
0:19:45 > 0:19:48'meeting Helen Pankhurst.'
0:19:48 > 0:19:50I thought that was absolutely extraordinary.
0:19:50 > 0:19:56I suppose just made you think about those valiant, brave women
0:19:56 > 0:19:58who changed the course of history.
0:19:58 > 0:20:01I really enjoyed the vegetarian food.
0:20:01 > 0:20:04I don't feel absolutely full.
0:20:04 > 0:20:06I don't feel greasy,
0:20:06 > 0:20:11like I have done when we've eaten, sort of, six-course meat dinners.
0:20:11 > 0:20:16It was a very kind of inspiring and exciting day,
0:20:16 > 0:20:20that you really felt like you were in the rhythm of a changing time.
0:20:20 > 0:20:22Ah, we won!
0:20:22 > 0:20:25CHEERING
0:20:29 > 0:20:32TRANQUIL PIANO MUSIC
0:20:32 > 0:20:34One, two, three... One, two...
0:20:34 > 0:20:36It's not very fun, is it?
0:20:36 > 0:20:38I don't think it's really dancing music,
0:20:38 > 0:20:41I don't think it's got a strong enough beat.
0:20:45 > 0:20:48It's 1912!
0:20:48 > 0:20:50Despite middle-class ladies occasionally turning their hand
0:20:50 > 0:20:52to some light housework,
0:20:52 > 0:20:55maids like Debbie worked over 100 hours a week
0:20:55 > 0:20:57with no time off.
0:20:58 > 0:21:01It's a really long day, so when I wake up, I think,
0:21:01 > 0:21:03"Oh, OK, let's get through this day,"
0:21:03 > 0:21:06and then I've got to wake up again and get through that one.
0:21:06 > 0:21:08And, yeah, it's just no relief, I guess.
0:21:10 > 0:21:13But the status quo was about to be shaken up.
0:21:14 > 0:21:18"In this year, the Liberal Government, under Asquith,
0:21:18 > 0:21:21"has passed a series of laws which will affect you and your maid."
0:21:23 > 0:21:26The revolutionary introduction of national insurance legislation
0:21:26 > 0:21:30gave employees medical treatment and a wage if they fell ill.
0:21:31 > 0:21:35And the Shop Act guaranteed all employees half a weekday off.
0:21:37 > 0:21:41Mistresses who wanted to retain their maid quickly followed suit.
0:21:42 > 0:21:44I think Debbie has worked many a long hour,
0:21:44 > 0:21:46I think she can have half a day off.
0:21:48 > 0:21:50We want to keep her. That's the important thing.
0:21:50 > 0:21:53I mean, if it was up to me, she'd have a whole day off.
0:21:53 > 0:21:54Can't do a whole day.
0:21:56 > 0:21:58Debbie, good news.
0:21:58 > 0:21:59You can have half a day off.
0:21:59 > 0:22:02Oh, really? Yes. Half a day to be free.
0:22:02 > 0:22:05Thank you. That's all right. That's great.
0:22:05 > 0:22:08You can take off your apron, and scarper.
0:22:08 > 0:22:09Ah, thanks.
0:22:12 > 0:22:14For 12 years, I've just been working away in the kitchen
0:22:14 > 0:22:17and now I've finally got half a day off.
0:22:17 > 0:22:19Yeah, it's massive, and it's great.
0:22:20 > 0:22:22SHE SIGHS
0:22:23 > 0:22:27It's just the pan. I know she used a lot of pans.
0:22:27 > 0:22:29Um...
0:22:31 > 0:22:33With Rochelle going it alone in the kitchen,
0:22:33 > 0:22:36I've sent her THE food craze of the 1910s,
0:22:36 > 0:22:38aimed at helping the servant-less housewife
0:22:38 > 0:22:41cope without her maid.
0:22:41 > 0:22:43Soyer's Paper Bag Cookery.
0:22:44 > 0:22:46Do you put it over your head, the paper bag?
0:22:46 > 0:22:48What do you do with the paper bag?
0:22:48 > 0:22:50Everything's in a bag.
0:22:50 > 0:22:52What's the point of that?
0:22:53 > 0:22:56Chef Nicholas Soyer claimed that his labour-saving method
0:22:56 > 0:23:00could cook almost any dish to perfection.
0:23:00 > 0:23:03All you needed was an oven, and a paper bag.
0:23:03 > 0:23:08Rochelle is cooking hake in a cheese sauce, lamb cutlets on ketchup rice,
0:23:08 > 0:23:10and baked apples in puff pastry.
0:23:12 > 0:23:13Oh...
0:23:19 > 0:23:21GAS HISSES
0:23:21 > 0:23:22It's not the right one.
0:23:27 > 0:23:29Must be the wrong sort of candle.
0:23:32 > 0:23:35While Rochelle is getting to grips with the kitchen,
0:23:35 > 0:23:37Debbie is enjoying her first afternoon off,
0:23:37 > 0:23:38with a trip to the flicks.
0:23:40 > 0:23:42Hundreds of cinemas opened in this decade
0:23:42 > 0:23:45as audiences flocked to enjoy silent films
0:23:45 > 0:23:47with live, musical accompaniment.
0:23:54 > 0:23:56Most films were only ten minutes long,
0:23:56 > 0:23:59with romances and comedies being the most common.
0:24:02 > 0:24:05For someone like me, who just works all day every day,
0:24:05 > 0:24:09this is, like, completely new and extraordinary.
0:24:09 > 0:24:10It's kind of weird being here
0:24:10 > 0:24:14and knowing that she's in, like, in my kitchen.
0:24:14 > 0:24:17Like, that's strange because I know she doesn't know it that well
0:24:17 > 0:24:20and I hope that everything's OK when I get back,
0:24:20 > 0:24:22it's not upside down or anything.
0:24:22 > 0:24:23Oh, gosh!
0:24:26 > 0:24:28Rochelle is grappling with the demands of cooking
0:24:28 > 0:24:31a three-course meal in paper bags.
0:24:32 > 0:24:34I don't know why you keep putting it all in a bag, though,
0:24:34 > 0:24:36rather than just putting it in a pan.
0:24:37 > 0:24:38Right...
0:24:39 > 0:24:42Hey! I hope the bags are waterproof.
0:24:45 > 0:24:47SHE GASPS Oh!
0:24:47 > 0:24:48The bag has split.
0:24:50 > 0:24:53How can I...? The bag has split.
0:24:53 > 0:24:56That is just...pointless.
0:24:57 > 0:24:59Well, I'll have to do it again.
0:25:02 > 0:25:04Oh! Oh, no!
0:25:05 > 0:25:07It's got another hole in it.
0:25:09 > 0:25:10Stupid.
0:25:12 > 0:25:14I'm going to put it in a pan.
0:25:14 > 0:25:16Just trying to...
0:25:23 > 0:25:27Basically, it's in a paper bag in a dish in the oven.
0:25:27 > 0:25:30So I could have actually probably have done without the paper bag.
0:25:32 > 0:25:33Oh, gosh!
0:25:34 > 0:25:36The paper bag's burning.
0:25:44 > 0:25:47Personally, I'm extremely disappointed about
0:25:47 > 0:25:49the paper bag in the oven experience.
0:25:49 > 0:25:54The simple fact is, if you put a paper bag in an oven,
0:25:54 > 0:25:56the chances are it's going to burn.
0:25:57 > 0:25:59I think I'll forget about the pudding,
0:25:59 > 0:26:02I think it's enough things in a bag for today.
0:26:02 > 0:26:04I'll put myself in a bag.
0:26:04 > 0:26:05Body bag!
0:26:07 > 0:26:10It's the family's first taste of Rochelle's cooking
0:26:10 > 0:26:11in the experiment.
0:26:11 > 0:26:14Will it be as good as Debbie's cooking?
0:26:14 > 0:26:16Maybe I should add a bit of that on
0:26:16 > 0:26:18because I've seen Debbie do things like that.
0:26:20 > 0:26:22Even if it's not very good, we'll say it is good.
0:26:22 > 0:26:25THEY LAUGH
0:26:25 > 0:26:27What have we got here, then?
0:26:27 > 0:26:30Oh, wow! It looks amazing. Oh, I say!
0:26:30 > 0:26:33Actually, that does look rather interesting.
0:26:33 > 0:26:35This is a feast, Rochelle! Yes.
0:26:35 > 0:26:37It was all cooked in a paper bag.
0:26:37 > 0:26:39Was it? Are you serious? Yes.
0:26:39 > 0:26:42Fish in a bag? It's literally fish in a bag.
0:26:42 > 0:26:44Well, that's absolutely extraordinary.
0:26:44 > 0:26:46Mm, it's really nice.
0:26:46 > 0:26:48I wouldn't know this had been cooked in a paper bag at all.
0:26:48 > 0:26:51Well, that was really lovely, Rochelle.
0:26:51 > 0:26:52What have we got for dessert?
0:26:52 > 0:26:55I'm afraid that's where I fell down slightly.
0:26:55 > 0:26:57You mean you didn't do any? Yeah.
0:26:57 > 0:27:00It's very good, but I can really only give you two out of three.
0:27:00 > 0:27:02Debbie would have given us a dessert.
0:27:02 > 0:27:04THEY LAUGH
0:27:04 > 0:27:06'I think paper-bag cooking will take off cos'
0:27:06 > 0:27:09I don't think it was ridiculous. You see a lot of things in bags.
0:27:09 > 0:27:13Surely it's more ridiculous to cook something in, like, a plastic box,
0:27:13 > 0:27:15like a microwave meal is.
0:27:15 > 0:27:19I do sort of think about what it might be like
0:27:19 > 0:27:21if Debbie was to leave.
0:27:22 > 0:27:25I'd forgotten quite how much work is demanded.
0:27:29 > 0:27:33MUSIC: Way Out In The Blue by Ronald Frankau
0:27:42 > 0:27:44By 1913, the economy was booming,
0:27:44 > 0:27:47and the middle classes had more disposable income than ever
0:27:47 > 0:27:49to spend on leisure.
0:27:50 > 0:27:53I say, you fellows, anyone fancy a picnic?
0:27:53 > 0:27:54Me! Yeah! Yeah!
0:27:56 > 0:27:58Debbie won't be going on the picnic,
0:27:58 > 0:28:02but she has the task of preparing an elaborate feast for it.
0:28:02 > 0:28:05It's a really big picnic. A very expensive picnic.
0:28:07 > 0:28:09Taking the whole family out of the dining room
0:28:09 > 0:28:12was made possible by a cutting edge mode of transport.
0:28:13 > 0:28:15Whoa! Look!
0:28:15 > 0:28:17Oh! We've got bikes.
0:28:17 > 0:28:20That's so much fun. That is marvellous.
0:28:25 > 0:28:26Thank you.
0:28:28 > 0:28:30ROCHELLE: I haven't been on a bike for 40 years.
0:28:30 > 0:28:32The last one I had had stabilisers.
0:28:32 > 0:28:33LAUGHTER
0:28:33 > 0:28:35Argh!
0:28:37 > 0:28:40By 1913, the mass production of the safety bicycle
0:28:40 > 0:28:43gave women and families unprecedented mobility.
0:28:46 > 0:28:49This is a good spot, isn't it? Just chuck the bikes down here.
0:28:51 > 0:28:53What's Debbie got for us?
0:28:53 > 0:28:55Oh, my goodness! Oh, wow! Ooh!
0:28:55 > 0:28:57That's very flash, isn't it?
0:28:57 > 0:29:00That's not just a prawn sandwich, is it?
0:29:00 > 0:29:04Oh, fried fish! Look at that. Oh, wow! Isn't that good?
0:29:04 > 0:29:07And pate. Ooh, I love pate.
0:29:07 > 0:29:11Oh, and chicken! It's very luxurious, isn't it?
0:29:11 > 0:29:12It's picnic fine dining, isn't it?
0:29:12 > 0:29:14Will you give me some of that salad?
0:29:14 > 0:29:16You don't have to wash up or anything, do you?
0:29:16 > 0:29:17Everything's disposable, isn't it?
0:29:17 > 0:29:19Like a serviette, Brandon?
0:29:19 > 0:29:22The emergence of disposable, grease-proof paper plates
0:29:22 > 0:29:25and paper serviettes meant middle-class families
0:29:25 > 0:29:27could enjoy informal meals without domestic help.
0:29:32 > 0:29:34Leaving Debbie indoors with her own treat -
0:29:34 > 0:29:36one of the world's first vacuum cleaners,
0:29:36 > 0:29:39aimed at trying to keep those in service happy.
0:29:40 > 0:29:42It's a bit annoying.
0:29:42 > 0:29:44It is hoovering with a tin can.
0:29:45 > 0:29:48For someone in the 1910s,
0:29:48 > 0:29:50it must have been quite hard to hardly earn anything,
0:29:50 > 0:29:52and to just work all day
0:29:52 > 0:29:56while the people that they work for go out and have picnics.
0:29:56 > 0:29:59if this was sort of, like, something I might be doing for ever,
0:29:59 > 0:30:00I wouldn't be happy with that,
0:30:00 > 0:30:03I'd like to move on and look for better things.
0:30:07 > 0:30:09Ooh! Don't do it like that. Do it like that.
0:30:11 > 0:30:15Debbie at home does keep flashing across my mind.
0:30:15 > 0:30:17I've got really bad aim. Oh!
0:30:17 > 0:30:19I wish she could be here, too.
0:30:19 > 0:30:21You feel a real sense of injustice
0:30:21 > 0:30:23that Debbie is stuck in the kitchen at home
0:30:23 > 0:30:25and she's prepared all this food,
0:30:25 > 0:30:28and she's not even here to eat it, or enjoy the beautiful weather.
0:30:28 > 0:30:30Whoa! Fred... Yeah?
0:30:32 > 0:30:34Can you move a bit closer to Dad?
0:30:34 > 0:30:37'Today's been a wonderful day. It's incredibly peaceful here.
0:30:37 > 0:30:39'We've had delicious food.'
0:30:39 > 0:30:41Some fantastic sort of family quality time.
0:30:41 > 0:30:44We have no cares in the world.
0:30:44 > 0:30:45It's just idyllic.
0:30:57 > 0:30:591914.
0:31:00 > 0:31:02Well...
0:31:02 > 0:31:04"Great Britain At War With Germany.
0:31:04 > 0:31:06"At 11:17 last night,
0:31:06 > 0:31:08"it was announced that a state of war exists
0:31:08 > 0:31:10"between Great Britain and Germany."
0:31:10 > 0:31:11Oh, dear.
0:31:16 > 0:31:18Within days of the outbreak of war,
0:31:18 > 0:31:20Britain was gripped by the fear that,
0:31:20 > 0:31:23with imports threatened by attacks from the German Navy,
0:31:23 > 0:31:25food supplies would run out
0:31:25 > 0:31:27and the country would starve to death.
0:31:31 > 0:31:33Without any restrictions on what you could purchase,
0:31:33 > 0:31:36many of the middle classes sent their maids out
0:31:36 > 0:31:38to panic buy with large containers.
0:31:38 > 0:31:41Dustbins were a common choice.
0:31:41 > 0:31:43Ideally, I want long-life things.
0:31:43 > 0:31:45Tinned bits and sugar and things that'll keep.
0:31:46 > 0:31:48People stripped shops bare,
0:31:48 > 0:31:51getting from two months' to two years' supplies,
0:31:51 > 0:31:53and prices soared.
0:31:53 > 0:31:56Can I have seven rump steaks, um, two rabbits?
0:31:57 > 0:32:00The authorities took a dim view of food hoarding.
0:32:00 > 0:32:02Many were prosecuted,
0:32:02 > 0:32:04including a woman from London who was fined ?10
0:32:04 > 0:32:07for having nearly a tonne of food in her cupboard,
0:32:07 > 0:32:10including 47 tins of cornflour.
0:32:12 > 0:32:14I mean, the problem with this, of course, is the wealthy families
0:32:14 > 0:32:16could absolutely fill your cupboard up.
0:32:16 > 0:32:19But, for poorer families, this is really bad news,
0:32:19 > 0:32:20they can't do this.
0:32:20 > 0:32:24Is it just like pure selfishness, just pure greed?
0:32:24 > 0:32:27I think it's survival. Yeah. I think people want to survive.
0:32:27 > 0:32:29It's fear, isn't it, really? It's fear, it is fear.
0:32:34 > 0:32:39In the first few months of the war, 750,000 men aged between 18 and 41
0:32:39 > 0:32:42voluntarily enlisted to fight for their country.
0:32:44 > 0:32:48The Robshaws don't have anyone of the right age to join up,
0:32:48 > 0:32:49but across the country,
0:32:49 > 0:32:51families invited departing friends and loved ones
0:32:51 > 0:32:54to what became known as last hurrah dinners.
0:32:57 > 0:32:59Families wanted to send off those going to war
0:32:59 > 0:33:01with full hearts and stomachs.
0:33:05 > 0:33:08Debbie's making a special feast of 12oz steaks
0:33:08 > 0:33:10and delicious sugar-laden bread pudding.
0:33:11 > 0:33:14Patrick, would you like to pass your bowl?
0:33:14 > 0:33:16Miranda has invited her friend, Patrick,
0:33:16 > 0:33:19who, at 19, would have been old enough to join up
0:33:19 > 0:33:20and fight in the trenches.
0:33:22 > 0:33:24I wonder how you'd feel if you were a young man
0:33:24 > 0:33:26about to go off to fight, eating food like this,
0:33:26 > 0:33:28and knowing that was the last time
0:33:28 > 0:33:30he'd eat like this for a very long time.
0:33:30 > 0:33:32Do you think they knew what they were going to expect,
0:33:32 > 0:33:34or they had no idea?
0:33:34 > 0:33:36I don't think they had much idea at all. No idea.
0:33:36 > 0:33:39It was supposed to be a very short war. Over by Christmas.
0:33:39 > 0:33:42You're right, that's what they said. "It'll be over by Christmas."
0:33:42 > 0:33:45I mean, imagine thinking you were going to be, like,
0:33:45 > 0:33:47away for a couple of months and it would be all right
0:33:47 > 0:33:49and you'd, like...
0:33:49 > 0:33:51Come back and everyone would be like, "Oh, well done."
0:33:51 > 0:33:52Yeah, yeah.
0:33:52 > 0:33:56Oh, marvellous! Three steaks in one. Wow, that'll keep you going!
0:33:57 > 0:33:59It's delicious.
0:33:59 > 0:34:01It would be strange,
0:34:01 > 0:34:04but I would imagine that there'd be an awful lot of confidence.
0:34:04 > 0:34:06That they would go off and they would fight,
0:34:06 > 0:34:07and because they were British
0:34:07 > 0:34:10that they would come home safely and well.
0:34:10 > 0:34:13I think the reality of what a war would have been like
0:34:13 > 0:34:17would have been a million, million miles from their mind.
0:34:19 > 0:34:22'I must say, throughout this experiment,
0:34:22 > 0:34:25'I have been slightly dreading getting to 1914.
0:34:25 > 0:34:26'I just think it is...'
0:34:26 > 0:34:29There's something so tragic about it.
0:34:29 > 0:34:32The awful, awful waste and loss of life.
0:34:32 > 0:34:37This sense that the world was sort of being ripped apart
0:34:37 > 0:34:40and that things would never be quite the same again.
0:34:51 > 0:34:53It's 1915.
0:34:54 > 0:34:56The war that people thought would be over by Christmas
0:34:56 > 0:34:58shows no sign of letting up.
0:34:59 > 0:35:03Oh, Rochelle, this is for you. Thank you very much, Debbie.
0:35:06 > 0:35:08The Belgian Cook Book.
0:35:08 > 0:35:11This charity cookbook was published in 1915
0:35:11 > 0:35:14to help support refugees from Belgium.
0:35:18 > 0:35:19When Germany invaded Belgium,
0:35:19 > 0:35:23soldiers torched its cities, and 23,000 Belgians were killed.
0:35:26 > 0:35:28Terrified refugees fled the massacres
0:35:28 > 0:35:30and 250,000 arrived in Britain.
0:35:31 > 0:35:32They were embraced.
0:35:32 > 0:35:36100,000 British people offered the new arrivals help and housing.
0:35:38 > 0:35:40I think it's good that we were so welcoming.
0:35:40 > 0:35:42I think that's a credit to us.
0:35:45 > 0:35:46Whilst Debbie is following popular recipes
0:35:46 > 0:35:49written by homesick Belgian refugees,
0:35:49 > 0:35:53Brandon is taking precautions before the dinner.
0:35:53 > 0:35:55If you can stuff that in there, that might just about cover it.
0:36:00 > 0:36:03In 1915, for the first time in centuries,
0:36:03 > 0:36:05war came to British soil,
0:36:05 > 0:36:10as Zeppelin airships invaded and dropped over 5,000 bombs
0:36:10 > 0:36:12causing nearly 2,000 civilian casualties.
0:36:14 > 0:36:17The Government ordered the population to blackout their windows
0:36:17 > 0:36:18or risk six months in prison.
0:36:20 > 0:36:22I think it might have been
0:36:22 > 0:36:24the sort of stuff of...almost nightmares.
0:36:24 > 0:36:27I think it definitely brings everything a lot closer to home.
0:36:27 > 0:36:32You just imagine a war going on in a different country, not yours.
0:36:32 > 0:36:35It feels like the war is really hitting home now.
0:36:35 > 0:36:37It feels like it's starting to bite,
0:36:37 > 0:36:39and it's having an impact on the home front as well.
0:36:43 > 0:36:45It's kind of hard cooking in a blackout
0:36:45 > 0:36:48cos I can't really see well enough to see if things are done properly.
0:36:48 > 0:36:51I'm kind of just working on guesswork.
0:36:53 > 0:36:56Oh, Debbie. Thank you. Thank you.
0:36:57 > 0:36:59A thick green soup.
0:36:59 > 0:37:03I think it's really excellent how there was a cookery book
0:37:03 > 0:37:04to help the refugee.
0:37:04 > 0:37:07It's very, sort of, accepting, isn't it? Very welcoming.
0:37:07 > 0:37:10One up to the Belgians for providing us with this.
0:37:10 > 0:37:13I think Debbie has done us proud tonight. Definitely.
0:37:13 > 0:37:15But change is afoot.
0:37:17 > 0:37:21"As the war rages on, the opportunity has arised for you
0:37:21 > 0:37:24"to escape the bonds of domestic service."
0:37:26 > 0:37:30With the men away fighting, jobs opened up for women in new areas,
0:37:30 > 0:37:32from aircraft factories to the railways.
0:37:34 > 0:37:37The war liberated thousands of women from domestic service,
0:37:37 > 0:37:41with work that offered higher wages and real camaraderie.
0:37:41 > 0:37:43It's going to feel strange not being here
0:37:43 > 0:37:46and putting on this attire and cooking for this family.
0:37:51 > 0:37:54These are your apple fritters. Thank you very much.
0:37:54 > 0:37:55Wow! What's that?
0:37:55 > 0:38:00I'm also very sad to say that I've got to go help the war effort,
0:38:00 > 0:38:02so I will be handing in my notice today.
0:38:02 > 0:38:05You're handing in your notice, Debbie? Yeah.
0:38:07 > 0:38:08Oh, dear.
0:38:10 > 0:38:11FRED: What does that mean?
0:38:11 > 0:38:13Debbie will be leaving us.
0:38:13 > 0:38:16I hope you've enjoyed your last meal by me!
0:38:16 > 0:38:18Yeah, we've enjoyed it very much.
0:38:18 > 0:38:20That's good. I'll leave you to it.
0:38:20 > 0:38:21Thanks.
0:38:23 > 0:38:27Do you feel gutted? I do. I really, really do.
0:38:28 > 0:38:33I actually feel really, really sorry that she's going. I really do.
0:38:33 > 0:38:36It feels like it's been a really long time.
0:38:36 > 0:38:40She's cooked us every single meal, practically, that we've had here.
0:38:40 > 0:38:42It's sad, isn't it?
0:38:43 > 0:38:45When I ring the bell, nobody will come.
0:38:48 > 0:38:51The war saw almost 400,000 women leave service
0:38:51 > 0:38:53to help with the war effort.
0:38:54 > 0:38:57Debbie is heading off to the country to do her bit.
0:38:57 > 0:38:59I guess this is it. Well, good luck with everything.
0:38:59 > 0:39:01Thanks. And to you guys.
0:39:02 > 0:39:06I've enjoyed being here. It has been hard, that's no lie.
0:39:06 > 0:39:09For someone like me in the 1910s,
0:39:09 > 0:39:11I think that they would have been excited to leave
0:39:11 > 0:39:12and do something different.
0:39:15 > 0:39:16HE EXHALES
0:39:16 > 0:39:19It's kind of like, welcome to the real world, isn't it? Mm.
0:39:20 > 0:39:22We've all got to do the washing up now.
0:39:22 > 0:39:24It's not "we"...
0:39:24 > 0:39:25it's me!
0:39:25 > 0:39:27THEY LAUGH
0:39:35 > 0:39:39In 1916, the Battle of the Somme saw Britain suffer
0:39:39 > 0:39:42nearly 60,000 casualties on the first day alone.
0:39:44 > 0:39:48And the conflict was also having an impact on the nation's tables.
0:39:48 > 0:39:49With imports down
0:39:49 > 0:39:52and the needs of soldiers on the front line taking priority,
0:39:52 > 0:39:55there were shortages at home.
0:39:55 > 0:39:58We've got less food... than we're used to.
0:40:00 > 0:40:01With Debbie gone,
0:40:01 > 0:40:05it's up to Rochelle to do the best she can with what is available.
0:40:05 > 0:40:08She's making porridge and eggs in the latest poaching gadget.
0:40:10 > 0:40:13They're not quite poaching effectively.
0:40:13 > 0:40:16Debbie knows everything, but she's gone.
0:40:16 > 0:40:18And she didn't tell me how to poach an egg.
0:40:19 > 0:40:20I think they're done.
0:40:23 > 0:40:24'Brandon?' Yeah?
0:40:24 > 0:40:27'Are you ready for breakfast?' Yes!
0:40:27 > 0:40:28'I'm waiting to eat it.'
0:40:32 > 0:40:35Oh, jolly good. What have we got? Porridge. Porridge.
0:40:35 > 0:40:39And poached eggs. Poached eggs, I say!
0:40:39 > 0:40:42FRED: They're not cooked. I can see the white liquid...
0:40:42 > 0:40:44Well, you don't have to have that.
0:40:44 > 0:40:47Would you like some porridge?
0:40:47 > 0:40:50Debbie hasn't cooked it, so I don't want nothing to do with it.
0:40:53 > 0:40:55Do you want two eggs, Brandon?
0:40:55 > 0:40:57Eh, no. I think I will just have one egg.
0:40:58 > 0:41:05Our whole sort of way of life in this bubble of pleasure
0:41:05 > 0:41:07has been sort of stripped away.
0:41:15 > 0:41:17While the war offered new opportunities
0:41:17 > 0:41:19for young women like Debbie,
0:41:19 > 0:41:22the conflict also gave middle-class women surprising freedoms.
0:41:24 > 0:41:26Would you like some tea and cake?
0:41:26 > 0:41:30In 1916, soldiers and sailors' free buffets were set up
0:41:30 > 0:41:32at railway stations which had large numbers of servicemen
0:41:32 > 0:41:34passing through on the way to war.
0:41:36 > 0:41:37The buffets were run by women volunteers,
0:41:37 > 0:41:40who served tea and cakes in six-hour shifts.
0:41:42 > 0:41:44Sugar? Thank you.
0:41:44 > 0:41:46It would be, sort of, a welcome treat, wouldn't it,
0:41:46 > 0:41:47when you come off the train. Yeah.
0:41:47 > 0:41:49Over the course of the war,
0:41:49 > 0:41:53more than eight million servicemen were looked after by the buffets,
0:41:53 > 0:41:54one of the largest interactions
0:41:54 > 0:41:57between the home front and the front line.
0:41:57 > 0:42:01Very nice. Yeah, not bad for home made, is it?
0:42:01 > 0:42:03THEY CHUCKLE
0:42:03 > 0:42:05You could see that it brightened up their day
0:42:05 > 0:42:07and it just gave them a little morale boost.
0:42:07 > 0:42:10So it must have been really, really important for the soldiers.
0:42:10 > 0:42:11It's exciting.
0:42:11 > 0:42:13Like, having gone from sitting in the parlour
0:42:13 > 0:42:16and feeling very restricted and restrained,
0:42:16 > 0:42:18you're out and you're in a busy station,
0:42:18 > 0:42:21and there are people everywhere and people are coming and going,
0:42:21 > 0:42:23and that change of atmosphere must have been immense.
0:42:35 > 0:42:37It's 1917!
0:42:37 > 0:42:42For those at home, 1917 was the worst year of the war,
0:42:42 > 0:42:45with access to food and fuel severely restricted.
0:42:46 > 0:42:49In the Atlantic, German U-boat attacks
0:42:49 > 0:42:51on Britain's merchant shipping intensified.
0:42:54 > 0:42:571917 saw nearly 4,000 ships hit,
0:42:57 > 0:43:00with the loss of 46,000 tonnes of meat
0:43:00 > 0:43:03and 85,000 tonnes of sugar.
0:43:03 > 0:43:05Without the food imports Britain relied on,
0:43:05 > 0:43:07there wasn't enough to go around
0:43:07 > 0:43:10and many faced the very real threat of starvation.
0:43:11 > 0:43:14The government responded by issuing guidelines for voluntary rationing.
0:43:16 > 0:43:19I have sent the Robshaws the government's 1917 advice booklet
0:43:19 > 0:43:22so they can cook and eat as England expects.
0:43:23 > 0:43:26The How And Why Of The Hay Box.
0:43:26 > 0:43:28We could save half the coal and gas
0:43:28 > 0:43:32which we now use for cooking our food by using the hay box.
0:43:32 > 0:43:35I cannot believe this will work. Why not?
0:43:35 > 0:43:37I don't believe hay can cook things.
0:43:40 > 0:43:43You start that end, I'll start at this end
0:43:43 > 0:43:44and we'll meet in the middle.
0:43:44 > 0:43:48Coal and gas were rationed due to wartime labour shortages,
0:43:48 > 0:43:51and so the hay box cooker, a wooden box filled with hay,
0:43:51 > 0:43:56was promoted as a way of cooking food using far less fuel.
0:43:56 > 0:43:58Argh! Oh, are you all right?
0:43:58 > 0:44:00You know, on the one hand, it does show things
0:44:00 > 0:44:02had got really tough on the home front.
0:44:02 > 0:44:05On the other hand I think it's a tribute to people's ingenuity.
0:44:05 > 0:44:08And I have got to say, I think this is an ingenious solution.
0:44:08 > 0:44:09I think it's such a good idea.
0:44:11 > 0:44:14That will be perfect.
0:44:14 > 0:44:16Rochelle is preparing wartime soup,
0:44:16 > 0:44:20a vegetarian kedgeree and a savoury cheese Charlotte pudding
0:44:20 > 0:44:22to go in Brandon's hay box.
0:44:23 > 0:44:26I'm just using up, like, everything that we've got.
0:44:27 > 0:44:28Nothing is going to waste.
0:44:28 > 0:44:32So there is stale cheese and stale bread.
0:44:32 > 0:44:35Every single scrap is being used.
0:44:37 > 0:44:40During this year, supplies of basic items began to run out
0:44:40 > 0:44:43and prices soared.
0:44:43 > 0:44:45Food was costing a staggering 80% more
0:44:45 > 0:44:47than at the start of the war.
0:44:48 > 0:44:52With prices like these, some families couldn't afford to eat,
0:44:52 > 0:44:54so the government set up national kitchens
0:44:54 > 0:44:56offering cheap, simple meals.
0:44:56 > 0:44:59One in London fed up to 50,000 people a day.
0:45:01 > 0:45:02Not everyone needed the kitchens,
0:45:02 > 0:45:05but all families were having to tighten their belts.
0:45:06 > 0:45:11For the middle classes, if they were to look back just a few years
0:45:11 > 0:45:15to that time when they were living a life of sort of unfettered luxury,
0:45:15 > 0:45:20then, within a few years, you have very, very, very little,
0:45:20 > 0:45:23I think it would've been almost unthinkable.
0:45:27 > 0:45:29As well as the loss of food imports,
0:45:29 > 0:45:31Britain's agricultural production had been hit
0:45:31 > 0:45:34by the departure of farm workers for the front line.
0:45:35 > 0:45:39So the Women's Land Army was formed to keep Britain's farms going.
0:45:41 > 0:45:42Uh...push! Pull!
0:45:44 > 0:45:46That's it.
0:45:46 > 0:45:49Debbie has come to a Shropshire farm to do her war duty,
0:45:49 > 0:45:52earning four times what she did as a maid.
0:45:52 > 0:45:54Come on then, boys, come round, steady.
0:45:54 > 0:45:57Sometimes it doesn't pay to be small!
0:45:58 > 0:46:01Even though I really enjoy cooking, and I like working for the Robshaws,
0:46:01 > 0:46:03I think this is a step up.
0:46:03 > 0:46:05Excuse me.
0:46:05 > 0:46:08It must have been such a revelation to sort of come here
0:46:08 > 0:46:11and be able to work outside and not be stuck in a kitchen all day.
0:46:15 > 0:46:16Aw, there we go.
0:46:21 > 0:46:23It's nice to work with the animals as well.
0:46:23 > 0:46:25Like, before, I was just cooking them!
0:46:26 > 0:46:28Hello, piggy!
0:46:28 > 0:46:33For someone back in the 1910s who'd just been a maid forever and ever,
0:46:33 > 0:46:36to come out and do this must have been amazing.
0:46:37 > 0:46:39The new focus on domestic food production
0:46:39 > 0:46:43saw 2.5 million acres of unploughed land turned over
0:46:43 > 0:46:46to growing much-needed crops like wheat and potatoes.
0:46:49 > 0:46:51Here comes the hay box!
0:46:54 > 0:46:56This is narrow. Watch your head.
0:46:56 > 0:46:58Argh! OK.
0:46:58 > 0:47:01Right, I've got to lift it over the door handle.
0:47:01 > 0:47:03HE GASPS IN PAIN OK...
0:47:04 > 0:47:06It's a bit big, Brandon.
0:47:07 > 0:47:09It's massive. Well, don't you want it to be massive?
0:47:09 > 0:47:11Honestly, I've never heard of anybody complaining
0:47:11 > 0:47:15because their hay box was too large - that is a new one.
0:47:15 > 0:47:18I'm really glad you appreciate it. It's just, like...
0:47:22 > 0:47:24It's just a bit big, isn't it?
0:47:26 > 0:47:28Once the pan has been heated up on the hob,
0:47:28 > 0:47:31the food should continue to slow cook in the hay box,
0:47:31 > 0:47:34taking about three times longer than an oven.
0:47:34 > 0:47:37I don't really think that's going to work, personally.
0:47:39 > 0:47:41With the hay box taking the strain,
0:47:41 > 0:47:44the ladies have time to knit more socks for the front.
0:47:46 > 0:47:50Yeah, the problem is you can't actually find what you've buried.
0:47:50 > 0:47:51Ah, here you are.
0:47:53 > 0:47:55That is actually warm.
0:47:58 > 0:48:01This was all cooked in your box. Cooked in the hay box?
0:48:01 > 0:48:03Cooked in the hay box.
0:48:04 > 0:48:05Wowser!
0:48:12 > 0:48:14What's it like? MUMBLES: Piping hot!
0:48:14 > 0:48:17THEY LAUGH
0:48:17 > 0:48:21There's no wine on the table, there's no meat on the table.
0:48:21 > 0:48:24There's no maid to cook and bring the food to us.
0:48:24 > 0:48:27So we've gone down to a very sort of simple way of living, haven't we?
0:48:27 > 0:48:29A simple way of eating.
0:48:32 > 0:48:36By 1918, it was clear that voluntary rationing had been a failure.
0:48:38 > 0:48:41Whilst the better off could afford high food prices,
0:48:41 > 0:48:43poor Britons were starving.
0:48:43 > 0:48:45And so, four years after the outbreak of war,
0:48:45 > 0:48:48compulsory food rationing was introduced.
0:48:48 > 0:48:52Already we've sort of, like, given up everything.
0:48:52 > 0:48:54And now we've got to give it up even more. Mm.
0:48:55 > 0:48:57Everyone was issued a ration card.
0:48:57 > 0:48:59Even the Royal Family.
0:49:01 > 0:49:05Without Debbie, Rochelle has to shop for rations herself.
0:49:06 > 0:49:07Good morning. Good morning.
0:49:07 > 0:49:09I've come for my rations.
0:49:10 > 0:49:13Each person was allowed eight ounces of sugar
0:49:13 > 0:49:16and four ounces of butter.
0:49:16 > 0:49:18That's for one person for one week.
0:49:18 > 0:49:21Right. That's not very much, is it? No, it's not very much at all.
0:49:21 > 0:49:24And 15 ounces of meat - around the size of two beefburgers -
0:49:24 > 0:49:26for the whole week.
0:49:26 > 0:49:28We've been having much more than that.
0:49:29 > 0:49:31I don't know what my husband will say.
0:49:33 > 0:49:36Although bread wasn't rationed, its ingredients were restricted.
0:49:37 > 0:49:41Before the war, almost 80% of Britain's wheat was imported.
0:49:41 > 0:49:42So without supplies coming in,
0:49:42 > 0:49:45the government made bakers use substitutes
0:49:45 > 0:49:48such as rice, beans and even potato.
0:49:52 > 0:49:55I've sent Masterchef's John Torode as a surprise
0:49:55 > 0:49:57to help Rochelle make a wartime loaf.
0:49:58 > 0:50:02Hello. G'day. Hi, I'm John. Hi, John. Come in.
0:50:02 > 0:50:06This is a little present. A Win-The-War cookbook.
0:50:06 > 0:50:08This was published by the Ministry for Food,
0:50:08 > 0:50:11and the whole thing about winning the war is eating less bread.
0:50:11 > 0:50:12Right, OK...
0:50:12 > 0:50:16"Each one pound less bread per week then you are eating now.
0:50:16 > 0:50:19"Yes! Complete victory if you eat less bread."
0:50:19 > 0:50:22I feel well prepared now to sort of tackle the Hun.
0:50:22 > 0:50:23I mean, it's amazing, isn't it,
0:50:23 > 0:50:25the sort of propaganda that goes with it?
0:50:25 > 0:50:27But, at the same time, of course, they had to get a message across
0:50:27 > 0:50:30to people that they had to try and be a little bit more frugal.
0:50:30 > 0:50:32So, shall we make some bread?
0:50:32 > 0:50:35First on the dinner menu from the wartime cookery book
0:50:35 > 0:50:38is bread made with barley flour.
0:50:38 > 0:50:40Barley, which had traditionally been grown for animal feed,
0:50:40 > 0:50:44made for a much chewier, denser loaf of bread.
0:50:44 > 0:50:46The sugar will feed the yeast,
0:50:46 > 0:50:48which means the yeast will be activated.
0:50:48 > 0:50:50Oh, wow.
0:50:50 > 0:50:55Now we throw away around 24 million slices of bread a day.
0:50:55 > 0:50:58Back in 1918, there were heavy fines for any waste.
0:50:58 > 0:51:02They had people who would snoop into people's rubbish,
0:51:02 > 0:51:05and if you threw bread away, you're in big, big trouble.
0:51:05 > 0:51:06Oh!
0:51:09 > 0:51:11That looks pretty professional.
0:51:11 > 0:51:13HE LAUGHS
0:51:15 > 0:51:16Bread's going to win the war.
0:51:17 > 0:51:19I might start lobbing it at the Germans
0:51:19 > 0:51:21if they get over the garden fence.
0:51:24 > 0:51:26The wartime cookery book also encouraged
0:51:26 > 0:51:28the use of substitutes for meat.
0:51:28 > 0:51:29"Fish sausages."
0:51:32 > 0:51:36I don't think I've ever had a fish sausage. No.
0:51:36 > 0:51:38It just doesn't sound attractive, does it? No.
0:51:38 > 0:51:41It's the word "sausage", isn't it? Fish sausage.
0:51:42 > 0:51:45White fish and rice is rolled in oatmeal,
0:51:45 > 0:51:47but to save eggs for soldiers at the front,
0:51:47 > 0:51:50the recipe uses water to bind them together instead.
0:51:50 > 0:51:53What I want to know is how anything's supposed to stick
0:51:53 > 0:51:55to the outside of this.
0:51:55 > 0:51:58I mean, look. Oh, it's crumbling, isn't it?
0:51:58 > 0:52:00Crumbling? Yeah. It's a disaster.
0:52:00 > 0:52:02I don't suppose these went down very well.
0:52:02 > 0:52:04No.
0:52:04 > 0:52:07Well, there you go, that's for you. Good luck with your dinner. OK.
0:52:07 > 0:52:09Very nice to meet you. You, too. Enjoy the rest of 1918.
0:52:09 > 0:52:11Thanks very much indeed.
0:52:13 > 0:52:16I think the fact that food was being rationed,
0:52:16 > 0:52:19it must have made people quite afraid that, suddenly,
0:52:19 > 0:52:22they were getting these booklets telling them how to cook
0:52:22 > 0:52:25with very stern and strict orders.
0:52:25 > 0:52:27It must have felt that the war
0:52:27 > 0:52:30was becoming closer and closer and closer
0:52:30 > 0:52:32to, sort of, your very front door.
0:52:34 > 0:52:38For dessert, Rochelle's made flourless and sugarless parkin.
0:52:38 > 0:52:39It's quite overdone.
0:52:42 > 0:52:44A little bit burnt, actually.
0:52:44 > 0:52:47I'm starving, I'll eat anything. Anything. I'd eat hay.
0:52:50 > 0:52:53And the barley loaf is out of the oven.
0:52:53 > 0:52:55You probably need a hacksaw!
0:53:01 > 0:53:04Oh, what's this, then? What's that?
0:53:04 > 0:53:06Fish sausages. They don't look like sausages.
0:53:06 > 0:53:08No, they don't look like sausages.
0:53:08 > 0:53:10Well, in what respect are they sausages, then?
0:53:10 > 0:53:13In no respect at all.
0:53:13 > 0:53:15The mixture was too difficult to manipulate. Right.
0:53:21 > 0:53:23It's nice. It's all right. Yeah.
0:53:23 > 0:53:25I'm not so sure about this bread. What's wrong with it?
0:53:27 > 0:53:30It tastes a bit mildewy. Does it? Mm.
0:53:31 > 0:53:35Hats off to John Torode for helping us do those recipes.
0:53:35 > 0:53:37Do we put him through to the next round?
0:53:37 > 0:53:40He would have sneaked through on the basis of the fish sausage, I think.
0:53:42 > 0:53:44Here is the parkin.
0:53:45 > 0:53:47HE SIGHS
0:53:48 > 0:53:50Would you like to..? Not really.
0:53:52 > 0:53:54It's crisp and it's crumbly.
0:53:54 > 0:53:56And it's burnt. And it's bitter.
0:53:58 > 0:54:00Although, I'm so hungry, I'm going to eat it all up.
0:54:02 > 0:54:04There's not much food here at all.
0:54:04 > 0:54:06No.
0:54:06 > 0:54:09I think you would have to get used to a blander diet.
0:54:09 > 0:54:11Food just becomes something slightly more like fuel,
0:54:11 > 0:54:13just to keep you going, wouldn't it?
0:54:14 > 0:54:18That Edwardian era of luxury and prosperity
0:54:18 > 0:54:20seems very, very distant now,
0:54:20 > 0:54:24and it's as if we have run into reality with a hard, painful bump.
0:54:30 > 0:54:35But on November 11th 1918, there was good news at last.
0:54:35 > 0:54:37Look, "Victory!" Ooh!
0:54:37 > 0:54:39"Germany Surrenders.
0:54:39 > 0:54:41"Our terms accepted today.
0:54:41 > 0:54:43"Last shots fired at 11am."
0:54:43 > 0:54:46You can just imagine the massive sense of relief.
0:54:46 > 0:54:48Finally, it's over.
0:54:52 > 0:54:54TRIUMPHANT ORCHESTRAL MUSIC
0:55:00 > 0:55:02It's 1919!
0:55:04 > 0:55:08To celebrate the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in June,
0:55:08 > 0:55:10there were street parties held across the country.
0:55:12 > 0:55:16So the Robshaws are holding a celebratory peace tea.
0:55:17 > 0:55:20CHATTER
0:55:23 > 0:55:25We are back to join in the revelries.
0:55:25 > 0:55:29Hello. Hello, Giles, welcome. Come in.
0:55:29 > 0:55:32ALL: # ..the sweetest girl I know
0:55:32 > 0:55:36# Goodbye, Piccadilly
0:55:36 > 0:55:40# Farewell, Leicester Square
0:55:40 > 0:55:44# It's a long, long way to Tipperary
0:55:44 > 0:55:47# But my heart's right there. #
0:55:47 > 0:55:50CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
0:55:50 > 0:55:53# Pack up your troubles in your old kit bag
0:55:53 > 0:55:58# And smile, smile, smile... #
0:55:58 > 0:56:00How were the 1910s for you?
0:56:00 > 0:56:02We've gone from feast to famine, basically.
0:56:02 > 0:56:05In the first half of the decade, we really were living it up,
0:56:05 > 0:56:08and, for me, it was fantastic, it was delicious, I loved it.
0:56:08 > 0:56:10And when things had to change
0:56:10 > 0:56:13because of the war, because of the shortages,
0:56:13 > 0:56:16if you were living for weeks and months and years
0:56:16 > 0:56:20through that very simple food, that must have been a terrible shock.
0:56:20 > 0:56:22What about the business of losing your staff?
0:56:22 > 0:56:26It was very hard because she was, like, really, really good,
0:56:26 > 0:56:29and to some extent you get used to having that
0:56:29 > 0:56:31and it felt very comfortable.
0:56:31 > 0:56:33I was sorry that she went,
0:56:33 > 0:56:35but I thought it was right she should go.
0:56:35 > 0:56:37She was serving us and not the nation.
0:56:45 > 0:56:46How about you?
0:56:46 > 0:56:48Did you feel, as women, that your roles moved on a bit?
0:56:48 > 0:56:51Our roles definitely changed as a result of the First World War.
0:56:51 > 0:56:54Women were forced into a more practical role,
0:56:54 > 0:56:56whether that was taking Debbie's place in the home,
0:56:56 > 0:56:59or kind of going out and doing other work.
0:56:59 > 0:57:01What about Debbie leaving?
0:57:01 > 0:57:03Yeah, we were very sorry to see her go
0:57:03 > 0:57:08because Debbie is a much better cook than other people in my family,
0:57:08 > 0:57:10not saying any names.
0:57:14 > 0:57:16Here we go, peace cake.
0:57:16 > 0:57:18Anyone like a piece? Yes!
0:57:21 > 0:57:24BRANDON: This has been a very strange era to live through.
0:57:24 > 0:57:28Those early years of the decade now seem very, very innocent
0:57:28 > 0:57:30and full of fun and happiness.
0:57:30 > 0:57:32It's as if, like, the sort of...
0:57:32 > 0:57:34the blade of history just descended
0:57:34 > 0:57:38and the second half, you know, was full of fear and foreboding,
0:57:38 > 0:57:40and not having quite enough to eat.
0:57:42 > 0:57:46Our whole way of living from the first part of the decade
0:57:46 > 0:57:49has been turned upside down and on its head.
0:57:49 > 0:57:51Out of turmoil comes change,
0:57:51 > 0:57:53and sometimes that change will be good.
0:57:54 > 0:57:57I'm looking forward to the future now.
0:57:57 > 0:57:59I feel that we have been through
0:57:59 > 0:58:02this long, hard slog of the Great War
0:58:02 > 0:58:05and emerging from it just at the end of this decade,
0:58:05 > 0:58:07one feels that things could only get better.
0:58:12 > 0:58:15Next time, the Robshaws embrace the rapid changes...
0:58:15 > 0:58:16Now, forward.
0:58:16 > 0:58:18..of the Roaring 20s.
0:58:18 > 0:58:21Oh, God, I just wish Debbie was here.
0:58:21 > 0:58:25I might have to go off and find her, and beg her to come back!
0:58:25 > 0:58:30# It's a long way to Tipperary
0:58:30 > 0:58:35# It's a long way to go
0:58:35 > 0:58:38# It's a long way to Tipperary,
0:58:38 > 0:58:44# To the sweetest girl I know
0:58:44 > 0:58:48# Goodbye, Piccadilly
0:58:48 > 0:58:51# Farewell, Leicester Square... #
0:58:55 > 0:58:57What have you been up to? Something grubby?
0:58:58 > 0:59:01I'm Dame Judi Dench, I'm a national treasure!
0:59:01 > 0:59:06Why settle for a German Europe when you could have a Scottish world?
0:59:06 > 0:59:10If she wants independence, I'll make her head independent from her body.