0:00:00 > 0:00:05how to find out how Russians view the revolution a century on.
0:00:11 > 0:00:17Historic moments captured on film from a bygone age.
0:00:17 > 0:00:19We have been given exclusive access to a priceless archive -
0:00:19 > 0:00:21from places that were new to Western eyes.
0:00:21 > 0:00:29Many of these films, from the frozen mountains
0:00:29 > 0:00:35of the Himalayas to the searing Libyan desert, have not
0:00:35 > 0:00:37seen the light of day for a hundred years.
0:00:37 > 0:00:40Sons and daughters of the pioneering explorers see their fathers'
0:00:40 > 0:00:47remarkable footage for the very first time.
0:00:47 > 0:00:50To see this film makes me feel very proud of him.
0:00:50 > 0:00:52I'm in awe of what he managed to do.
0:00:52 > 0:00:56They went into the unknown without any consideration for their safety.
0:00:56 > 0:00:59These are some of Britain's great explorations.
0:01:04 > 0:01:06The British Film Institute's national archive is a treasure
0:01:06 > 0:01:09trove of Britain's past.
0:01:09 > 0:01:13Among the thousands of films stored in this vault are some shot by young
0:01:13 > 0:01:19explorers as they travelled to unexplored parts of the globe.
0:01:19 > 0:01:21Now they're being digitised and put online so that we can
0:01:21 > 0:01:26all relive their incredible stories.
0:01:26 > 0:01:29Among them is this film, released by Gaumont British in 1934.
0:01:29 > 0:01:34It's the first flight over Mount Everest.
0:01:34 > 0:01:43This view from the top of Mount Everest had
0:01:43 > 0:01:51never been seen before.
0:01:51 > 0:01:53The footage is also helping scientists today learn more
0:01:53 > 0:01:54about the impact of climate change.
0:01:54 > 0:01:56Will you give me a hand with this strap?
0:01:56 > 0:01:57Certainly!
0:01:57 > 0:02:00It was shot by Major Latham Valentine Stewart Blacker,
0:02:00 > 0:02:01a former fighter pilot and war hero.
0:02:01 > 0:02:03He was a real-life Biggles.
0:02:03 > 0:02:07The film is a staged re-enactment of the first flight over Everest,
0:02:07 > 0:02:14but it includes the actual aerial footage shot during the expedition
0:02:14 > 0:02:16and stars the original aviators.
0:02:16 > 0:02:20Well, do you realise you could put Everest on the map in three hours?
0:02:21 > 0:02:22You're still thinking of the Alps.
0:02:22 > 0:02:24Why not?
0:02:24 > 0:02:28A good plane, camera shooting down, and you could record every detail.
0:02:28 > 0:02:30I wonder...
0:02:30 > 0:02:39Don't be fooled by the ham acting - this film won an Oscar.
0:02:39 > 0:02:41The men risked their lives, flying higher than anyone had
0:02:41 > 0:02:47flown before to capture this historic footage.
0:02:50 > 0:02:53Wings Over Everest is part of the Royal Geographical Society's
0:02:53 > 0:02:55archive of expeditions it sponsored in the early part
0:02:55 > 0:03:01of the 20th century.
0:03:01 > 0:03:02What was the motivation?
0:03:02 > 0:03:04What was the purpose of the society?
0:03:04 > 0:03:06The purpose of the society has always been to undertake scientific
0:03:06 > 0:03:12exploration and improve understanding of the world,
0:03:12 > 0:03:14its people and places.
0:03:14 > 0:03:16The society has a collection of over two million items,
0:03:16 > 0:03:20it's the world's largest collection of geographically related maps,
0:03:20 > 0:03:25photographs, artefacts, diaries, notebooks and publications.
0:03:25 > 0:03:27And this film collection, which has been housed for the society
0:03:27 > 0:03:32at the British Film Institute for many years, is the last portion
0:03:32 > 0:03:39of our collections that has not been made more accessible.
0:03:39 > 0:03:45This is the earliest known film of Tibet.
0:03:45 > 0:03:50It was shown in cinemas all across the UK.
0:03:50 > 0:03:52Audiences were gripped by this astonishing footage of a strange
0:03:52 > 0:04:00and mysterious new world.
0:04:00 > 0:04:03They were taken by a young army officer on the first
0:04:03 > 0:04:05attempt to reach the summit of Mount Everest in 1922.
0:04:05 > 0:04:14Before they set off, the climbers seek a blessing at a monastery.
0:04:14 > 0:04:16They're treated as honoured guests and shown ritual dances.
0:04:16 > 0:04:20This one is a tale of reincarnation.
0:04:20 > 0:04:30Around their waists are aprons made from a lattice of human bones.
0:04:30 > 0:04:36And their face masks are made from stretched human skin.
0:04:36 > 0:04:43The cameraman was Captain John Noel.
0:04:43 > 0:04:45Although it was shown in cinemas, his daughter has actually
0:04:45 > 0:04:47never seen the film - until now.
0:04:47 > 0:04:50He suggested to the Mount Everest committee that they took film,
0:04:50 > 0:04:52and they pooh-poohed this idea, said, "No, it would have
0:04:52 > 0:04:59vulgarise the expedition."
0:04:59 > 0:05:01But he nevertheless persuaded them, and he said, you know,
0:05:01 > 0:05:04"This is a record that we need to make, like Scott
0:05:04 > 0:05:05of the Antarctic."
0:05:05 > 0:05:13This was going to be a world event.
0:05:13 > 0:05:15It was a bit like the moon landings.
0:05:15 > 0:05:18Yes, it was, it was, yes, we'd just come back through the war,
0:05:18 > 0:05:20you know, we were impoverished, people had very little
0:05:20 > 0:05:22to be excited about, and here was this expedition
0:05:22 > 0:05:30to Mount Everest.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32John Noel climbed treacherous rock faces with his camera equipment
0:05:32 > 0:05:34by day, and by night he would develop his footage.
0:05:34 > 0:05:37He had this purpose-built tent he'd taken with him to Base Camp,
0:05:37 > 0:05:40and at night, using water from the glaciers and yak dung
0:05:40 > 0:05:43as a source of heat, he processed 10,000 feet of film
0:05:43 > 0:05:45on the mountain to be sure that he'd got the right
0:05:45 > 0:05:49composition and good exposures.
0:05:49 > 0:05:50What was your father's motivation?
0:05:50 > 0:05:53It was the fact that it had not been climbed,
0:05:53 > 0:05:55a feeling of doing this for King and country,
0:05:55 > 0:05:58and that it should be the British who should at least make
0:05:58 > 0:05:59an attempt on the mountain.
0:05:59 > 0:06:02You see, they're just strolling around in very casual clothes.
0:06:02 > 0:06:04But it does look as though it's a sort of ramble
0:06:05 > 0:06:10in the Lake District, doesn't it?
0:06:10 > 0:06:11Yes!
0:06:11 > 0:06:13It was all hand-knitted at home and tweet jackets.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16There's a lovely photograph of my father with a pocket
0:06:16 > 0:06:21handkerchief and a tie down at Base Camp!
0:06:21 > 0:06:22Mount Everest, that's how he prepared?
0:06:22 > 0:06:24Ever the gentleman, you know, I mean, that's how
0:06:24 > 0:06:32they presented themselves.
0:06:32 > 0:06:36I think not only were they born in the Victorian era, but I think
0:06:36 > 0:06:37the war had moulded them.
0:06:37 > 0:06:40They had seen so much carnage that they were ready for anything.
0:06:40 > 0:06:47And it made them very stoic and fearless.
0:06:47 > 0:06:50They went into the unknown without any consideration for their safety.
0:06:50 > 0:06:54And the footage is of scientific as well as historical value.
0:06:54 > 0:06:58It's just absolutely fabulous, these images from 1922.
0:06:58 > 0:06:59David Breashears has literally followed in
0:06:59 > 0:07:02Captain Noel's footsteps, and he's taken his own images
0:07:02 > 0:07:09of Mount Everest from the very same places as the early explorers.
0:07:09 > 0:07:11And here is the glacier we're looking at right here,
0:07:11 > 0:07:13the East Rongbuk glacier is the glacier here,
0:07:13 > 0:07:17right through here.
0:07:17 > 0:07:22He provides the old and new images to scientists.
0:07:22 > 0:07:24They use them to determine the impact climate change has had
0:07:24 > 0:07:29on the Himalayas over the past hundred years.
0:07:29 > 0:07:32But until now, he's only had a handful of still images
0:07:32 > 0:07:34from the early expeditions.
0:07:34 > 0:07:36So the availability of Captain Noel's footage will give him -
0:07:36 > 0:07:41and climate scientists - much more data to work with.
0:07:41 > 0:07:44The historic imagery in the archives of the Royal Geographical Society
0:07:44 > 0:07:51is this unlimited gift and a treasure to scientists.
0:07:51 > 0:07:54These are time-stamped images, essentially.
0:07:54 > 0:07:58We know when they were taken and where they were taken.
0:07:58 > 0:08:01We can find the same positions and take a picture of the exact same
0:08:01 > 0:08:03place and very clearly, and with extremely high resolution,
0:08:03 > 0:08:13take note of the difference.
0:08:16 > 0:08:20And all that difference is in loss - loss of a mass in the glacier.
0:08:20 > 0:08:22It's irrefutable, it's clear, it sends the same
0:08:22 > 0:08:23signal to all who see it.
0:08:23 > 0:08:26In the end, Captain Noel and his fellow climbers' attempt
0:08:26 > 0:08:28to reach the summit failed.
0:08:28 > 0:08:31They came so close - they were just half a kilometre
0:08:31 > 0:08:34short of the summit.
0:08:34 > 0:08:36At these high altitudes, the air became too thin for them,
0:08:36 > 0:08:44and so they were forced to turn back.
0:08:44 > 0:08:46They were just overwhelmed by everything, the terrain,
0:08:46 > 0:08:48the difficulty of the climb, this constant wind, which I think
0:08:48 > 0:08:53they weren't expecting.
0:08:53 > 0:08:56But the team had climbed higher than anyone had climbed before
0:08:56 > 0:08:59and laid the groundwork for the eventual ascent
0:08:59 > 0:09:02to the summit just 30 years later by Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund
0:09:02 > 0:09:06Hillary.
0:09:10 > 0:09:12Here at the BFI, conservation specialists are painstakingly
0:09:12 > 0:09:14restoring 138 films of some of Britain's greatest
0:09:14 > 0:09:20explorations, frame by frame.
0:09:20 > 0:09:24One of them is of a young army officer crossing the vast expanse
0:09:24 > 0:09:28of the Libyan desert by motorcar.
0:09:30 > 0:09:35Ralph Bagnold and his friends are on a journey that will take them
0:09:35 > 0:09:39into uncharted territory.
0:09:39 > 0:09:41Bagnold was a pioneer of desert exploration.
0:09:41 > 0:09:44He was an army officer stationed in Egypt.
0:09:44 > 0:09:46His expeditions involve striving thousands of miles
0:09:46 > 0:09:50into the blistering heat of the Libyan desert.
0:09:50 > 0:09:52No-one had crossed it.
0:09:52 > 0:09:55No, no-one had crossed it, no-one had crossed it by car before.
0:09:55 > 0:09:58His son Stephen has heard stories of these incredible expeditions,
0:09:58 > 0:10:03but it's the first time he's seen them.
0:10:03 > 0:10:06That's my father driving there, and you can see the bonnet is off,
0:10:06 > 0:10:11and you can see the pipe running from the radiator into the...
0:10:11 > 0:10:12That was a modification?
0:10:12 > 0:10:15That was the modification to prevent loss of water through evaporation,
0:10:15 > 0:10:21through the radiator.
0:10:21 > 0:10:24It was a journey that pushed Bagnold, his men and the cars
0:10:24 > 0:10:28to their very limits.
0:10:28 > 0:10:32They had to take everything they needed to survive with them.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35It was all rationed, water, I think it was three pints a day -
0:10:35 > 0:10:36one at breakfast, one at lunch...
0:10:36 > 0:10:39All for drinking, you washed in the sand, you washed your plates
0:10:39 > 0:10:43and stuff in the sand.
0:10:43 > 0:10:47They travelled thousands of miles across the featureless terrain.
0:10:47 > 0:10:50Bagnold invented a sun compass, which enabled them to navigate
0:10:50 > 0:10:54with incredible position.
0:10:54 > 0:10:59They never strayed more than a mile from their intended destination.
0:10:59 > 0:11:01The experts proclaimed it couldn't be done.
0:11:01 > 0:11:06And not, I think, because he wanted to show them who was the master,
0:11:06 > 0:11:09but just because it tickled his fancy that maybe, with clear
0:11:09 > 0:11:12planning and with the right equipment and stuff,
0:11:13 > 0:11:16there could be a way.
0:11:16 > 0:11:19When one of the cars broke down, it was cannibalised for spare
0:11:19 > 0:11:21parts and abandoned - and they're still out there
0:11:21 > 0:11:26somewhere, buried among the dunes.
0:11:26 > 0:11:29The vehicles would often get stuck in the sand,
0:11:29 > 0:11:34and each time Bagnold and his team would find ever more ingenious ways
0:11:34 > 0:11:36of extricating them.
0:11:36 > 0:11:39It looks as though they are using strips of metal that they bought
0:11:39 > 0:11:42in Cairo that had been intended to go on the roof, but it
0:11:42 > 0:11:45appeared to do the job well.
0:11:45 > 0:11:47They're basically laying tracks - or a surface from which
0:11:47 > 0:11:51the car can get out.
0:11:51 > 0:11:54Once out, you have to keep going, otherwise you just sink again
0:11:54 > 0:11:59into the same patch of soft sand.
0:11:59 > 0:12:01Bagnold took careful measurements to understand how the sand
0:12:02 > 0:12:05is moved by the wind.
0:12:05 > 0:12:08He wrote several books on the subject and was elected
0:12:08 > 0:12:10to the Royal Society, a group of the country's most
0:12:10 > 0:12:16distinguished scientists.
0:12:16 > 0:12:18To see this film makes me feel very proud of him,
0:12:18 > 0:12:27of course, and I'm in awe of what he managed to do.
0:12:27 > 0:12:31His research has helped Nasa explore Mars.
0:12:31 > 0:12:34These features on the Martian surface are named the Bagnold Dunes
0:12:35 > 0:12:39in honour of the great explorer.
0:12:41 > 0:12:44All the wheels are coming into alignment.
0:12:44 > 0:12:47Abbie Hutty has taken up his legacy.
0:12:47 > 0:12:50She's developing Europe's first Mars rover at this test-bed
0:12:50 > 0:12:54in Stevenage outside London.
0:12:54 > 0:12:58Abbie is trying to develop new ways to cross the Martian sand -
0:12:58 > 0:13:02just as Bagnold did in Libya 80 years earlier.
0:13:02 > 0:13:06He was the first one to really look at the materials
0:13:06 > 0:13:08that the sand was made out of, and the wind forces
0:13:08 > 0:13:12and the distribution, and how friction played a part
0:13:12 > 0:13:15and all of those things, and that's how we predict what it's
0:13:15 > 0:13:18going to be like on Mars.
0:13:18 > 0:13:21It's all about that dry, dusty nature of the sand,
0:13:21 > 0:13:24and trying to drive over that without sinking into it -
0:13:24 > 0:13:28that's our biggest challenge.
0:13:28 > 0:13:32I really do think he'd be absolutely delighted,
0:13:32 > 0:13:35amazed and delighted if he knew that the work he'd done all that
0:13:35 > 0:13:37time ago had an application, and a very real application,
0:13:37 > 0:13:41to the exploration of Mars.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44I think he'd be tickled pink.
0:13:47 > 0:13:51This is the BFI's grading room, where the final adjustments are made
0:13:51 > 0:13:54before the films are released to the public.
0:13:54 > 0:13:57This one is from a news bulletin from 1951 which may well be one
0:13:57 > 0:14:07of the first examples of fake news.
0:14:08 > 0:14:10We're off on the track of that abominable snowman,
0:14:10 > 0:14:12and our first clues are these footprints, photographed
0:14:12 > 0:14:16by Eric Shipton, leader of the 1951 Everest expedition...
0:14:16 > 0:14:19So what made the footprints?
0:14:19 > 0:14:21Some zoologists thought that the Himalayan there, seen here,
0:14:21 > 0:14:23might be the snowman.
0:14:23 > 0:14:26Or maybe it's the American mountain there - but if so,
0:14:26 > 0:14:34how did he wander into Tibet?
0:14:34 > 0:14:35-- bear.
0:14:35 > 0:14:36The experts were baffled.
0:14:36 > 0:14:39Here, we can compare the plaster casts of various animal footprints
0:14:39 > 0:14:41with the photos published in the Times.
0:14:41 > 0:14:44But was it really all just a publicity stunt for the Times
0:14:44 > 0:14:46newspaper, which was raising money for the next Everest expedition?
0:14:46 > 0:14:47Meantime, Everest guards says her secret.
0:14:47 > 0:14:51I think it's more about how the story is used by the Times
0:14:51 > 0:14:54to promote awareness of this attempt in '51,
0:14:54 > 0:14:57so today, I suppose, we would see it as being a kind
0:14:57 > 0:14:59of a hook for news.
0:14:59 > 0:15:02In 1951, it's the year in London of the Festival of London,
0:15:02 > 0:15:05so there's a huge resurgence in optimism after the Second World
0:15:05 > 0:15:10War, and the whole idea that Britain is going to try to reach the summit
0:15:10 > 0:15:15of Everest first is taking shape.
0:15:15 > 0:15:17Thousands of miles away in Yemen, a pilot, Aubrey Rickards,
0:15:17 > 0:15:19filmed the Hadhramaut, a region that is home
0:15:19 > 0:15:25to an ancient civilisation.
0:15:29 > 0:15:34The film shows skyscrapers built in the 16th century - from mud.
0:15:34 > 0:15:40Some are 11 storeys high.
0:15:40 > 0:15:42There are even whitewashed mud constructions that look
0:15:42 > 0:15:46like vast grand palaces.
0:15:46 > 0:15:52They're still inhabited to this day.
0:15:52 > 0:15:57This was the first metropolis.
0:15:57 > 0:15:59It's the very first film footage of Yemen.
0:15:59 > 0:16:01From the air, you see the extraordinary landscape
0:16:01 > 0:16:04of the Hadhramaut, which is an area full of wadis, where water
0:16:04 > 0:16:11would flow down and enable human habitation from prehistory onwards.
0:16:11 > 0:16:14And what you're seeing is what I think is one of the most
0:16:14 > 0:16:18extraordinarily sophisticated developments of urban living,
0:16:18 > 0:16:22because you have people living in adobe-constructed,
0:16:22 > 0:16:26mud-constructed multistorey habitations.
0:16:27 > 0:16:28The first skyscrapers.
0:16:28 > 0:16:29The first skyscrapers.
0:16:29 > 0:16:39They're often described as the Manhattan of the desert.
0:16:45 > 0:16:48In the actual Manhattan, during the late '60s,
0:16:48 > 0:16:53Eastern mysticism was popularised by the hippy culture of the time.
0:16:53 > 0:16:55Young people in many Western countries were inspired to find
0:16:55 > 0:17:01love, peace and harmony in their lives.
0:17:01 > 0:17:04But these ideas have their roots in Asia, from films shot
0:17:04 > 0:17:07in the 1930s across the Himalayan ranges, of journeys
0:17:07 > 0:17:12through Bhutan and Tibet.
0:17:18 > 0:17:21The men who shot this footage thought they had discovered paradise
0:17:21 > 0:17:24among the Himalayan mountains.
0:17:31 > 0:17:34George Sherriff and Frank Ludlow filmed scenes of a simpler way
0:17:34 > 0:17:38of life, where people were happy, content, and lived
0:17:38 > 0:17:42to a ripe old age.
0:17:42 > 0:17:46They stumbled on what they thought was a brighter, more hopeful world -
0:17:46 > 0:17:52a contrast to the grim desolation of Europe after the First World War.
0:17:52 > 0:17:55This map, dug out from the archives of the Royal Geographical Society
0:17:55 > 0:17:59by Professor Michael Heffernan, shows seven of Sherriff
0:17:59 > 0:18:01and Ludlow's expeditions.
0:18:01 > 0:18:05Each colour represents a different journey.
0:18:05 > 0:18:07Well, essentially, it's these remarkable routes they took
0:18:07 > 0:18:09along a river valley, and their primary concern
0:18:09 > 0:18:12was essentially to map the area, so this is a sort of sketch map
0:18:12 > 0:18:19produced at the end of all of their expeditions.
0:18:19 > 0:18:21When Sherriff and Ludlow begin their expeditions in this
0:18:21 > 0:18:23area of Tibet in 1933, it's exactly the same
0:18:23 > 0:18:28year when James Hilton publishes Lost Horizon,
0:18:28 > 0:18:30which introduces the idea of Shangri-La, this
0:18:30 > 0:18:36kind of perfect place.
0:18:36 > 0:18:39This was a mountain kingdom, a vestigial world of peace
0:18:39 > 0:18:42and harmony, precisely the world that had been so obviously left
0:18:42 > 0:18:49behind by industrial warfare that they'd gone through,
0:18:49 > 0:18:52the world where people could live extraordinary long lives
0:18:52 > 0:18:55of peace and harmony.
0:18:55 > 0:18:57And a better world.
0:18:57 > 0:19:07And a better world.
0:19:10 > 0:19:12450 feet of rock soaring out of the North Atlantic,
0:19:12 > 0:19:19known as the Old Man of Hoy, and a very crumbling old man he is.
0:19:19 > 0:19:23In 1967, 15 million people in the UK watched live as Joe Brown and five
0:19:23 > 0:19:27others took on the Old Man of Hoy in Orkney, off
0:19:27 > 0:19:31the coast of Scotland.
0:19:31 > 0:19:34We just had a bit of a slight tangle in the rope there,
0:19:34 > 0:19:39which stopped me pulling the rope into the carabiner to secure myself.
0:19:39 > 0:19:41He was then, and still is, among the world's most
0:19:41 > 0:19:45well-known climbers.
0:19:45 > 0:19:47But his greatest achievement was nearly 30 years earlier
0:19:47 > 0:19:50in the Himalayas, scaling the unclimbed mountain
0:19:50 > 0:19:54of Kangchenjunga.
0:19:54 > 0:19:59It's almost as high as Everest but harder to climb.
0:19:59 > 0:20:01Some of his fellow mountaineers were involved in the successful
0:20:01 > 0:20:05ascent of Everest two years earlier.
0:20:05 > 0:20:12They were climbing royalty - Joe was a builder from Manchester.
0:20:12 > 0:20:15This was my Kangchenjunga axe that I was supplied with.
0:20:15 > 0:20:17Joe recalls how surprised he was when the expedition
0:20:17 > 0:20:20leader asked him to join.
0:20:20 > 0:20:25When I received a telegram, saying, "Invited on Kangchenjunga
0:20:25 > 0:20:30expedition, letter following, wants to meet you in London
0:20:30 > 0:20:31etc," I was...
0:20:31 > 0:20:41I mean, it was just incredible, I just couldn't believe it.
0:20:42 > 0:20:44The mountain was prone to avalanches, and its
0:20:44 > 0:20:47terrain was treacherous.
0:20:47 > 0:20:49But Joe was fearless.
0:20:49 > 0:20:53That's me.
0:20:53 > 0:20:55That's me.
0:20:55 > 0:20:57That's me.
0:20:57 > 0:21:00Camp one was actually in a crevasse, and while we were there,
0:21:00 > 0:21:04I decided to go and take a bathroom break, so I walked without any fear
0:21:04 > 0:21:10until I got round the corner, where there was this massive hole.
0:21:10 > 0:21:13It was the deepest crevasse I'd ever seen,
0:21:13 > 0:21:18and I was standing on the same thin bridge that was on the opposite side
0:21:18 > 0:21:24of the hole, so I very carefully turned around and tried to make
0:21:24 > 0:21:29myself weightless and crept back round the corner
0:21:29 > 0:21:32to where it was solid.
0:21:32 > 0:21:35But it was very nervy stuff.
0:21:35 > 0:21:37Job and his fellow climber George Band stopped just
0:21:37 > 0:21:41short of the summit.
0:21:41 > 0:21:43It was a promise they'd made to the Nepalese authorities -
0:21:43 > 0:21:48to respect local beliefs that the peak was home to the gods.
0:21:48 > 0:21:52I got to the top, but I just pulled over, and there was just a snow cone
0:21:52 > 0:21:59rising up about 15 or 20 feet.
0:21:59 > 0:22:01I shouted down to him, "We're there, George."
0:22:01 > 0:22:08And the feeling is not of whoopee - you just think, "I don't
0:22:08 > 0:22:12have to go any further!"
0:22:12 > 0:22:19It's just a fantastic feeling of relief.
0:22:19 > 0:22:21These great explorations are from an age when the first
0:22:21 > 0:22:26portable film cameras made it possible for a mass audience
0:22:26 > 0:22:32to see many of the world's most inaccessible wonders
0:22:32 > 0:22:33for the very first time.
0:22:33 > 0:22:35Adventurers risked their lives to explore a world that
0:22:35 > 0:22:37still held so many mysteries.
0:22:37 > 0:22:40And now we're all able to see what they saw,
0:22:40 > 0:22:42as they journeyed to the ends of the earth, drawn
0:22:42 > 0:22:45by the thrill of the unknown, and spurred on by challenge
0:22:45 > 0:22:55that they found irresistible.