:00:10. > :00:17.At the northern tip of Scotland lie the Orkney Islands -
:00:18. > :00:19.a peaceful, remote place, but a hundred years ago
:00:20. > :00:23.powerful naval force Britain has ever sent to sea.
:00:24. > :00:30.During the First World War, the British Grand Fleet,
:00:31. > :00:32.commanded by Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, was based
:00:33. > :00:37.a great natural harbour protected on all sides by the Orkney Islands.
:00:38. > :00:42.Ships stretched as far as the eye could see -
:00:43. > :00:47.among them the most advanced warships of the day,
:00:48. > :00:54.From here on May 30th 1916, Jellicoe's fleet sailed to confront
:00:55. > :01:04.Today the people of Orkney and the Royal Navy will pay tribute
:01:05. > :01:07.to the sailors who fought in the Battle of Jutland
:01:08. > :01:11.and remember the thousands who died out there on this one day a hundred
:01:12. > :01:24.years ago in the cold, grey waters of the North Sea.
:01:25. > :01:29.Today's commemorations begin just a few miles
:01:30. > :01:45.from Scapa Flow in Kirkwall, the capital of the Orkney Islands,
:01:46. > :01:56.Orkney was ruled by Vikings in Scandinavia. The cathedral here, the
:01:57. > :02:02.magnificent St Magnus Cathedral, was built long ago in the 12th century
:02:03. > :02:10.in memory of one of the sons of the Norse Earl of Orkney, who was
:02:11. > :02:15.murdered. When his murder was avenged, this cathedral was built in
:02:16. > :02:17.memory of him. The most beautiful sandstone from Orkney, the different
:02:18. > :02:35.colours, red, it array and Brown. Weathered by the winds that blow
:02:36. > :02:43.around this flat landscape of Orkney, where today, luckily, it's a
:02:44. > :02:49.fine day with no rain. Inside the cathedral be combination is already
:02:50. > :02:53.gathered. They are almost all people whose grandparents or
:02:54. > :03:00.great-grandparents fought at Jutland. They came here because they
:03:01. > :03:04.applied, saying that this is their family history and they wish to
:03:05. > :03:09.share in the event. I have talked to many of them and each has a long
:03:10. > :03:15.story to tell about the involvement of a 16-year-old Midshipman drowned
:03:16. > :03:22.on a ship, or a grandfather who captained a ship. Here in Kirkwall
:03:23. > :03:32.they have come to commemorate that event. Outside the cathedral, a
:03:33. > :03:37.display of poppies, a cascade tumbling from the window. Part of
:03:38. > :03:41.the display you might member from the tower of London, that
:03:42. > :03:47.commemorated the beginning of the First World War in 2014, a huge
:03:48. > :03:57.display. Some of them have been brought here, as indeed, to the
:03:58. > :03:59.Royal Hospital Chelsea. What we are celebrating is the events of just
:04:00. > :04:09.one day in 1916. Over 8500 sailors lost their lives
:04:10. > :04:12.at the Battle of Jutland - For most, their grave is the sea
:04:13. > :04:20.bed - blown to pieces, horrendously burnt and trapped
:04:21. > :04:24.behind locked doors and hatches, they died
:04:25. > :04:30.on their ships as they sank. But they are remembered on war
:04:31. > :04:32.memorials in Britain's historic On the Plymouth memorial
:04:33. > :04:37.are the names of brothers Robert They joined the Navy within weeks
:04:38. > :04:44.of each other in 1910, served together and died together
:04:45. > :04:54.on HMS Indefatigable. Senior Midshipman Percy Wait
:04:55. > :04:58.was serving on board HMS Queen Mary when she was hit twice
:04:59. > :05:01.by the German She sank in less than two minutes
:05:02. > :05:09.and 1266 sailors lost their lives - His brother, Charles,
:05:10. > :05:18.was killed a few weeks later Percy is commemorated
:05:19. > :05:43.on the memorial in Portsmouth. Today, the German and British navies
:05:44. > :05:49.are joining together. Two ships, on the left, a type 45 daring class,
:05:50. > :05:58.the newest in the Royal Navy. And on the right, a German Brandenburg.
:05:59. > :06:02.They will sail out to the North Sea to drop poppies and forget-me-nots
:06:03. > :06:09.at the sight of the battle. Later at Lyness Cemetery in Orkney there will
:06:10. > :06:20.be services at the Royal naval Cemetery.
:06:21. > :06:23.For more than a hundred years after Nelson's victory at the Battle
:06:24. > :06:24.of Trafalgar in 1805, Britain controlled
:06:25. > :06:31.The Royal Navy was the most powerful in the world, defending
:06:32. > :06:33.Britain from invasion and protecting the trade
:06:34. > :06:39.Any threat to Britain's naval supremacy was a threat to both
:06:40. > :06:47.A century later, that threat came in the form
:06:48. > :06:49.of a dangerous new rival - Germany.
:06:50. > :06:51.Intent on creating a new German Empire,
:06:52. > :06:54.Kaiser Wilhelm II was determined to build a fleet of
:06:55. > :06:57.ships capable of challenging the Royal Navy.
:06:58. > :07:03.It was the beginning of a naval arms race between Britain and Germany.
:07:04. > :07:06.In 1906 Britain launched the first Dreadnought - a battleship with such
:07:07. > :07:10.immense firepower that she rendered all other warships obsolete.
:07:11. > :07:17.From now on Anglo-German rivalry was measured in Dreadnoughts.
:07:18. > :07:22.Both sides were sure of one thing - sooner or later Der Tag,
:07:23. > :07:26.as the Germans called it, the day of reckoning between the two
:07:27. > :07:33.It came one hundred years ago today, 31st May 1916.
:07:34. > :07:37.Dr Sam Willis, the naval historian whose great grandfather and great
:07:38. > :07:39.great grandfather both fought in the battle, has been looking
:07:40. > :07:50.It's impossible for us to imagine the sheer firepower
:07:51. > :07:54.and scale of some of the battleships in the British Grand Fleet.
:07:55. > :07:57.The closest equivalent in the Royal Navy today
:07:58. > :08:05.This is HMS Diamond, a type 45 destroyer,
:08:06. > :08:09.the very cutting edge of modern naval technology as were so many
:08:10. > :08:17.Commander Marcus Hember is HMS Diamond's captain.
:08:18. > :08:24.Well, HMS Diamond's primary role is air defence of a task group
:08:25. > :08:27.of ships and that's what most of our systems are focused around
:08:28. > :08:30.so we like to say we can track a cricket ball at Mach-3 and shoot
:08:31. > :08:33.it down and that's actually not far from the truth.
:08:34. > :08:35.And am I right in thinking you actually have a particularly
:08:36. > :08:38.direct link back to 1916 and the Battle of Jutland?
:08:39. > :08:40.That's right, my mother's father William Crosby served in HMS
:08:41. > :08:42.Yarmouth during the Battle of Jutland and actually ever
:08:43. > :08:46.since I first went to sea I've had a photograph of him with me.
:08:47. > :08:50.Sir, ship's on station ready for call for fire.
:08:51. > :08:54.The closest modern equivalent to the guns at Jutland is Diamond's
:08:55. > :08:58.4.5 MOD1 gun, used to support troops landing on shore.
:08:59. > :09:00.It's so powerful and deafening, I have to wear full
:09:01. > :09:11.protective gear to experience it from the gun deck.
:09:12. > :09:24.That's an extraordinary physical experience
:09:25. > :09:29.I'm very relieved I've got all of this kit on.
:09:30. > :09:41.In 1916 in the fleet there were 150 ships and some of their guns
:09:42. > :09:46.The Battle of Jutland began in the afternoon of the 31st
:09:47. > :09:53.The day before, the British received intelligence that German ships
:09:54. > :10:00.were planning to move out into the North Sea.
:10:01. > :10:03.The British had the Grand Fleet commanded by Admiral Sir John
:10:04. > :10:07.Jellicoe anchored at Scapa Flow, and a squadron of fast ships
:10:08. > :10:13.commanded by Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty stationed at Rosyth.
:10:14. > :10:16.The Germans had the High Seas Fleet under Admiral Scheer with a division
:10:17. > :10:20.of scouting ships under Vice-Admiral Hipper.
:10:21. > :10:23.The German plan was to engage Beatty and lure him south
:10:24. > :10:29.Once Beatty's force had been defeated the Germans
:10:30. > :10:35.could concentrate their attack on Admiral Jellicoe's ships.
:10:36. > :10:39.At 2:18pm on 31st May HMS Galatea sighted German ships
:10:40. > :10:49.and fired the first shot of the Battle of Jutland.
:10:50. > :10:51.The result was a clash between the most powerful
:10:52. > :11:00.As they turned their guns on each other, the smoke and explosions made
:11:01. > :11:03.visibility almost impossible, leading to chaos and confusion.
:11:04. > :11:06.For the sailors at Jutland it would have been hard enough finding
:11:07. > :11:09.out what was happening on their own ship let alone
:11:10. > :11:12.what was happening elsewhere in the fleet.
:11:13. > :11:16.There would have been an atmosphere of extreme fear as they awaited
:11:17. > :11:18.the enemy attack - this really was the maritime equivalent
:11:19. > :11:27.To steal an advantage over their enemy British sailors
:11:28. > :11:30.took dangerous risks - they kept their magazine doors open
:11:31. > :11:34.to allow them to reload their guns more quickly.
:11:35. > :11:38.The effects were catastrophic, allowing flash fires
:11:39. > :11:43.and explosions to rip through their ships.
:11:44. > :11:46.At 4:02pm, two German salvoes struck HMS Indefatigable.
:11:47. > :12:04.23 minutes later, HMS Queen Mary blew apart under German fire.
:12:05. > :12:07.It took her just ninety seconds to sink.
:12:08. > :12:28.Over half of the British casualties at the Battle of Jutland
:12:29. > :12:38.The injuries sustained at Jutland were appalling.
:12:39. > :12:42.Flash fires in the magazines exposed men to horrific cordite burns.
:12:43. > :12:51.Sailors were scalded by burst steam pipes which took off their flesh.
:12:52. > :12:53.As the battle progressed, the Germans continued
:12:54. > :13:00.But Beatty realised he was sailing into a trap when he spotted
:13:01. > :13:03.the German High Seas Fleet waiting for him.
:13:04. > :13:06.Playing the Germans at their own game, Beatty turned north to draw
:13:07. > :13:10.them back towards Jellicoe and the Grand Fleet.
:13:11. > :13:15.He organized his ships into a classic tactical move known
:13:16. > :13:21.This allowed his battleships to bring all their guns to bear
:13:22. > :13:26.Admiral Scheer now found himself up against the entire
:13:27. > :13:35.Over the next half an hour an intense firefight raged.
:13:36. > :13:38.To protect his retreat, he sent his ships in to fire
:13:39. > :13:45.Faced with a torpedo attack, Jellicoe chose not to chase after
:13:46. > :13:48.the retreating German fleet and risk losing more British ships.
:13:49. > :13:50.The Battle of Jutland was the defining naval conflict
:13:51. > :13:58.The last of the great fleet battles fought by surface ships.
:13:59. > :14:05.In the end, it turned out to be a strategic victory for the British
:14:06. > :14:08.although the Germans did launch further attacks, they never again
:14:09. > :14:10.attempted to challenge the British for dominance of the North Sea
:14:11. > :14:16.but turned their attention instead to submarine warfare.
:14:17. > :14:19.The courage and sacrifice of thousands of sailors should not
:14:20. > :14:22.be forgotten, those men who served bravely on some of the greatest
:14:23. > :14:35.ships on earth and were lost to the waters of the North Sea.
:14:36. > :14:45.Sam Willis with his account of the battle. Here, outside the cathedral
:14:46. > :14:54.in Kirkwall, crowds aren't waiting and the pipers are playing. They are
:14:55. > :14:58.waiting to see the arrivals of the Princess Royal, the President of
:14:59. > :15:05.Germany. The Duke of Edinburgh was going to be here but is not
:15:06. > :15:10.attending on Doctor's orders. I said that many people here are
:15:11. > :15:21.descendants of those who fought at Jutland. Aasmah Mir is with two of
:15:22. > :15:27.them. I'm with Janet Smart and Stephen Burton, both descendants of
:15:28. > :15:31.men who fought at the Battle of Jutland. Janet, you have a
:15:32. > :15:37.photograph of your grandfather, Alfred Durham. What do you know
:15:38. > :15:46.about what happened to him? He was sailing on the Invincible. He had
:15:47. > :15:51.been with it for quite a while and on May 31, the ship was sunk and he
:15:52. > :15:56.lost his life. This is a wonderful photograph of him looking very young
:15:57. > :16:02.and fit. And you have a letter that he wrote. Tell us about that. He
:16:03. > :16:08.wrote this from Scapa Flow on the 24th of May, the day before his
:16:09. > :16:14.birthday, and I think my grandmother would have got it after he had died.
:16:15. > :16:20.It is a very moving letter about how much he missed her. And you have a
:16:21. > :16:27.section that you can read for us? How is my darling feeling? A few
:16:28. > :16:34.moves now and again. Did you go for a walk after we left or home?
:16:35. > :16:39.Pleased to be alone for a while? I hope you will forgive me for not
:16:40. > :16:44.writing before, sweetheart, you know you are never out of my mind. How I
:16:45. > :16:51.wish I could be with you. You must let me know how you are keeping, my
:16:52. > :16:56.sweet. I will always be thinking of you, my dear. It is incredibly
:16:57. > :17:01.moving, letters like thousands of men would have written to their
:17:02. > :17:08.families. It also says, give my love to my dad and mum and the boys. Love
:17:09. > :17:16.to you all, all my fondest love and tonnes of kisses from your darling,
:17:17. > :17:19.you're ever loving Alf. It is something we will treasure forever.
:17:20. > :17:25.And I'm pleased to be here today to honour all of the sailors who lost
:17:26. > :17:28.their lives. And another person very pleased to be here is Stephen
:17:29. > :17:35.Burton. The only found out about your connection to the battle quite
:17:36. > :17:42.recently. -- you only found out. I had been searching online for
:17:43. > :17:49.family. I managed to come across some links that pointed to both
:17:50. > :17:55.George and Robert serving on board HMS Indefatigable. Unfortunately,
:17:56. > :18:02.the ship was sunk by a German destroyer. And when you found out
:18:03. > :18:11.about this, how did he make you feel about your family history? More less
:18:12. > :18:15.curiosity, we have great attachment to our family, and we wanted to find
:18:16. > :18:20.out about what part of the family served in the armed services and
:18:21. > :18:25.where they served and what they did. And you have a tribute that their
:18:26. > :18:33.parents published in the Liverpool Echo. In loving memory of our
:18:34. > :18:43.darling sons, Robert and George, who gave their lives in the Jutland
:18:44. > :18:50.Battle, May 31, 1916. Shot dead as they went into action, too soon to
:18:51. > :18:57.have any fame, just two of the thousands and thousands who, in the
:18:58. > :19:02.end, exactly the same. And you have come all the way from Australia, it
:19:03. > :19:16.is clearly very important to you? Yes, it is something I felt I wanted
:19:17. > :19:20.to do, to honour George and Robert. And basically the service and
:19:21. > :19:22.courage with which they served their country. Thank you to both of you
:19:23. > :19:29.and I hope you enjoy your day. The people of the Orkney
:19:30. > :19:41.Islands have always been This is the harbour at Kirkwall. The
:19:42. > :19:46.fishing fleet is rather diminished now but still a small fleet. They
:19:47. > :19:51.welcome huge cruise ships that come and bring visitors.
:19:52. > :19:53.The Vikings anchored their longships here and for centuries sailors have
:19:54. > :19:59.found refuge in the sheltered waters and traded with the local community.
:20:00. > :20:02.The arrival of the Grand Fleet in 1914 with 100,000 sailors had
:20:03. > :20:19.The arrival of the Grand Fleet in 1914 with 100,000 sailors had a huge
:20:20. > :20:24.impact on Orcadian life. The local people welcomed
:20:25. > :20:32.the sailors coming to the islands. Once the Grand Fleet started
:20:33. > :20:34.using Scapa Flow, as their base there were many tens
:20:35. > :20:37.of thousands of mouths to feed. So it was a bit of a lifeline
:20:38. > :20:40.for the Orkney farmers. Cheap imports had led
:20:41. > :20:45.to a decline in farming. But the navy required constant
:20:46. > :20:47.supplies of fresh food and farming recovered
:20:48. > :20:50.to meet their need. Behind me is Scapa Pier and this
:20:51. > :20:53.is where the fresh produce went out from Orkney to the sailors
:20:54. > :20:58.from the Grand Fleet. They were supplying them with meat
:20:59. > :21:01.but also eggs and milk would go out as well,
:21:02. > :21:03.and also water - they took Captain Brian de Courcy-Ireland
:21:04. > :21:09.was just 16 when he served We used to go ashore,
:21:10. > :21:18.we junior midshipmen. And we use to take a sack ashore
:21:19. > :21:26.and fill up with lobsters and crabs. That was one of the
:21:27. > :21:32.popular things to do. It was very important the sailors
:21:33. > :21:36.kept fit, and physical exercises were something
:21:37. > :21:40.that was greatly encouraged. Sailors would come
:21:41. > :21:44.ashore on shore leave. There was huge boxing matches
:21:45. > :21:48.between ships so you were fighting for the honour of your ship
:21:49. > :21:53.and these were viewed Things like dancing was encouraged
:21:54. > :21:58.on some ships as well and if you didn't have a partner
:21:59. > :22:04.you just grabbed another sailor. There was a great feeling
:22:05. > :22:06.of patriotism towards Orcadians were very happy
:22:07. > :22:20.that Orkney was playing After the battle, when the dreadful
:22:21. > :22:28.news of the casualties came through, I think there was probably a more
:22:29. > :22:32.warm feeling towards the fleet because they were stationed
:22:33. > :22:34.here so people empathized more with the sailors
:22:35. > :22:37.and so there was more of a feeling Margaret Tait worked at her family's
:22:38. > :22:45.framing shop in Kirkwall. Her diary entry after the battle
:22:46. > :22:48.is read by one of her Last night Jim and I worked
:22:49. > :22:51.until 11:00pm, putting new glass in a picture
:22:52. > :22:56.for one of our Fleet men, when Maggie came in and told us
:22:57. > :22:59.a battle had really taken place What a gloom was cast over
:23:00. > :23:04.the town and how depressed we all were to think of our noble
:23:05. > :23:09.ships and brave sailors and officers going down that summer
:23:10. > :23:25.night on the North Sea. The service in the cathedral today,
:23:26. > :23:31.which we shall be hearing shortly, is a combined British and German
:23:32. > :23:39.service. It is designed to tell the story from both sides, not just
:23:40. > :23:42.prayers and hymns, it reveals through Dai Rees and books and all
:23:43. > :23:54.the rest the story of what happened -- Dai Rees -- diaries. And you can
:23:55. > :24:05.see the British flag and the German flag. They will be draped on the
:24:06. > :24:13.altar at the start of the service. Among these descendants, most of
:24:14. > :24:20.whom, perhaps all of whom have stories to tell, is Robert
:24:21. > :24:28.Tomkinson. He was the grandson of Commander Blaine, second in charge
:24:29. > :24:37.of the Queen Mary. Also here is Benedicta Makin, remembering her
:24:38. > :24:38.great uncle, Paul Berryman, who was a junior officer on board HMS Malaya
:24:39. > :24:42.at the battle. Captain Paul Berryman
:24:43. > :24:43.was my grandfather's brother, and he joined the Navy
:24:44. > :24:46.when he was 15, and so he Paul was a junior officer
:24:47. > :24:51.and he joined the Malaya Paul survived but 63 men died
:24:52. > :25:05.and 68 were wounded. A few weeks later he wrote
:25:06. > :25:07.to his brother Ted I suddenly saw them open fire
:25:08. > :25:13.and then splashes Coo - I said - we're off,
:25:14. > :25:17.and in the next five minutes my It put the fear of God
:25:18. > :25:24.into you at first to see these bloody great shells falling
:25:25. > :25:26.all around and the light The bloody awful sight
:25:27. > :25:34.was seeing our ships going up and steaming over the place
:25:35. > :25:39.about five minutes afterwards and seeing nothing but bits
:25:40. > :25:41.of wreckage and a man The explosions on the Malaya
:25:42. > :25:51.when the cordite exploded were so bad that people couldn't
:25:52. > :25:56.recognise the bodies afterwards but the total amount he talks
:25:57. > :26:00.about it was just to say "Of course I've lost heaps of pals but that's
:26:01. > :26:04.how they all wanted to go." Which is extraordinary
:26:05. > :26:10.because it was so understated. Researching her family history
:26:11. > :26:12.has made Benedicta more aware of the human cost
:26:13. > :26:18.of the Battle of Jutland. It's only when you look at these
:26:19. > :26:22.photographs of these very, very young men that you realise
:26:23. > :26:27.the Navy took boys at 14 and 15 and so there were children on these
:26:28. > :26:48.ships being blown to smithereens With me are two people who have had
:26:49. > :26:53.a very important role and will have a very important role in the service
:26:54. > :27:02.this morning. Marcus Christ come at the German Naval Chaplain, and Ian
:27:03. > :27:08.Wheatley, chaplain of the fleet. What is the theme of the service? It
:27:09. > :27:13.is more than just commemoration. There is a strong theme of
:27:14. > :27:19.reconciliation. When we started planning it we realised there was a
:27:20. > :27:22.strong thread of shared human experience on both sides. We're
:27:23. > :27:28.talking about reconciliation now and clearly things are so different to
:27:29. > :27:33.100 years ago with the relationship today between Germany and Britain
:27:34. > :27:39.very close, not just politically but in terms of the Armed Forces. Yes,
:27:40. > :27:44.we have close bonds to each other, personal exchange programmes, and we
:27:45. > :27:49.send officers over to Britain to learn the experience in the British
:27:50. > :27:53.forces and especially in the Navy. We have strong bonds together and we
:27:54. > :27:59.even share the same culture. And when you hear the accounts of what
:28:00. > :28:04.happened, and the enmity there was between the two sides, is it hard to
:28:05. > :28:08.understand all these years later? It is not hard to understand what they
:28:09. > :28:13.were feeling about because it is the same what sailors made me feel today
:28:14. > :28:18.for the in those days they were keen to have the decisive battle and
:28:19. > :28:24.today we remember the heavy loss of life in those days. And how is this
:28:25. > :28:31.remembered in Germany? With several occasions in Germany, we have a
:28:32. > :28:39.remembrance at see right now with the German frigate Brandenburg and
:28:40. > :28:47.the Royal Navy frigate HMS Duncan. And in Willems Harvin -- Willems
:28:48. > :28:51.Harvin there are several commemorations. And when planning
:28:52. > :28:54.the service, how important was it that not only were the two of you
:28:55. > :29:00.involved and working together but that some of it was in German? That
:29:01. > :29:04.was critical and we always planned that, we wanted it to be a shared
:29:05. > :29:13.experience because of the way that sailors on both sides recorded in
:29:14. > :29:17.their diaries similar feelings during the battle. We tried to
:29:18. > :29:22.reflect that and use the German language as well as English in the
:29:23. > :29:28.service itself. And you are both doing readings of course. What is
:29:29. > :29:33.the theme of them? We wanted to work through the sense of what people
:29:34. > :29:37.felt and the similarity of it, both the sense of being ready to do their
:29:38. > :29:43.duty and almost being excited before the battle, and then to show that
:29:44. > :29:49.the experience was also shared in battle itself. The fear and the
:29:50. > :29:52.terror and the harsh reality of what they had hoped and looked forward to
:29:53. > :29:59.was something quite different and we worked hard to capture that. What
:30:00. > :30:03.about you, Marcus? If you listen to the personal accounts of the
:30:04. > :30:07.sailors, we realise they are talking about the same thing, both sides.
:30:08. > :30:24.Thank you very much. We are now waiting for the arrival
:30:25. > :30:30.of the Royal Marine band from Portsmouth. Here they are, a fine
:30:31. > :30:44.site coming down from the high Street in Kirkwall. There were five
:30:45. > :30:51.Royal Marine band 's lost in the battle on Indefatigable, Black
:30:52. > :30:56.Prince, a black day in the history of the Royal Marines. Today under
:30:57. > :31:03.the command of Warrant Officer Buster Brown at the front, they are
:31:04. > :31:08.marching towards the cathedral. Behind them, the Royal guard, 98 men
:31:09. > :31:13.assembled from right across the Royal Navy, Cornwall, to the new
:31:14. > :33:04.aircraft carrier, HMS Queen Elizabeth.
:33:05. > :33:12.The guard of honour walking in front of the cathedral, past the War
:33:13. > :33:24.memorial on the right, to both world wars, taking up their place here.
:33:25. > :33:45.Next to stand there, while the VIPs and VVIPs arrive, the Prime Minister
:33:46. > :33:48.will be here, so too the First Minister of Scotland. A band of the
:33:49. > :34:00.German Navy now coming to take its place.
:34:01. > :34:11.They marched through the streets yesterday, good to see them here
:34:12. > :34:15.again, playing, the band of the German navy. They will also play
:34:16. > :34:26.their brass band section in the cathedral. They will be playing
:34:27. > :34:37.inside the cathedral later. Now it's coming up to 11:20am, and just
:34:38. > :34:46.around now we should see from the town Hall, the first guests
:34:47. > :35:12.arriving. The Royal Marines Band now plays The Grand Fleet.
:35:13. > :36:11.This music they are playing was an especially composed bugle March to
:36:12. > :36:16.commemorate the Battle of Jutland. It was composed by a member of the
:36:17. > :36:26.Royal Marines, and it has a written that can be picked up in the Morse
:36:27. > :36:33.code, RMBS, the Royal Marines Band service. They will be playing until
:36:34. > :36:43.the Prime Minister, the First Minister of Scotland, the first Sea
:36:44. > :38:11.Lord, they will come out of the town hall behind.
:38:12. > :38:22.APPLAUSE If you have just joined us, we are
:38:23. > :38:28.in the city of Kirkwall in Orkney, where a commemoration of the Battle
:38:29. > :38:32.of Jutland, 100 years ago, will take place today. Bill Spence, Lord
:38:33. > :38:36.lieutenant of Orkney comes out, behind him is David Cameron, the
:38:37. > :38:43.Prime Minister, and Nicola Sturgeon, First Minister of Scotland. Philip
:38:44. > :38:49.Jones, the first Sea Lord, chief of the Naval staff, and Fai Sandra
:38:50. > :39:07.Bullock vice and Admiral Andreas Krause of
:39:08. > :39:13.the federal German Navy. They are escorted by Admiral John Weale.
:39:14. > :39:22.Sadly we do not know what they are talking about. This has been
:39:23. > :39:28.carefully choreographed, the event itself has taken 18 months in the
:39:29. > :39:31.planning to find ways of making the commemoration appropriate, and a
:39:32. > :39:47.service that is appropriate. In a moment the Princess Royal and
:39:48. > :39:48.Vice-Admiral Sir Tim Laurence will appear. They stayed in Kirkwall last
:39:49. > :40:23.night. Vice-Admirals Tim Laurence and the
:40:24. > :40:31.Princess Royal being greeted by the Lord lieutenant.
:40:32. > :40:40.The Princess Royal is Chief Commandant for women in the Royal
:40:41. > :40:55.Navy, and now the president of Germany. Elected as President four
:40:56. > :41:02.years ago, Joachim Gauck. He was to have met the Duke of Edinburgh here,
:41:03. > :41:05.but the Duke of Edinburgh, as I said earlier, on Doctor's advice, he will
:41:06. > :41:20.not be taking part in the events here today.
:41:21. > :41:25.Now the formalities will begin with the Royal Salute and the two
:41:26. > :44:01.national anthems. The commander of the guard is
:44:02. > :44:07.presented to the German president. I don't think they will have a formal
:44:08. > :44:19.inspection, just welcomed here to Kirkwall. And at the doors of the
:44:20. > :44:23.cathedral, as they passed the cascade of poppies on the left-hand
:44:24. > :44:28.side of the entrance door, at the doors they will be received by
:44:29. > :44:34.Fraser MacNaughton, the Minister of St Magnus Cathedral. He has been
:44:35. > :44:42.involved in the planning of this event and is very proud of the role
:44:43. > :44:47.the cathedral is taking in it. He is particularly concerned, he said,
:44:48. > :44:52.that he should be here as somebody to give a friendly and family
:44:53. > :44:55.welcome to all the visitors who come here. Because this is his home, he
:44:56. > :45:12.has been here 14 years. The Princess Royal and German
:45:13. > :45:34.president go past the poppies and the band.
:45:35. > :45:44.Ceramic poppies, one made for each of the British and Commonwealth
:45:45. > :45:51.Armed Forces killed in the First World War. Fraser MacNaughton in
:45:52. > :45:58.blue, greeting the guests as they arrive at the door. And the
:45:59. > :46:08.venerable Ian Wheatley, Chaplain of the Fleet, and the German naval
:46:09. > :46:16.chaplain, Militardekan Marcus Christ.
:46:17. > :46:27.Inside the cathedral, the combined were unable and German naval brass
:46:28. > :46:47.ensemble playing Scapa Flow. -- combined Royal Naval Reserve.
:46:48. > :47:04.The choir now sinking him to Saint Magnus -- singing a hymn. And being
:47:05. > :48:43.sung in Latin. Whether you come from
:48:44. > :48:51.north or south, east or west, whether you live
:48:52. > :48:54.here or are a visitor, are here for the first time
:48:55. > :48:57.or are here regularly, Your presence enriches
:48:58. > :49:04.us in this time of commemoration and
:49:05. > :49:10.reconciliation together. It is fitting that
:49:11. > :49:16.we gather here, 100 years after the Battle of Jutland,
:49:17. > :49:24.in the most northerly cathedral in the UK, dedicated to St
:49:25. > :49:28.Magnus, a seafaring man and
:49:29. > :49:29.Earl of Orkney, who himself made the ultimate
:49:30. > :49:43.sacrifice in the cause of peace. Scapa Flow is one of
:49:44. > :49:46.the great natural harbours, where for centuries mariners have
:49:47. > :49:51.sought sanctuary from the hostile waters of the Atlantic Ocean
:49:52. > :49:54.and the North Sea. During the First World War,
:49:55. > :49:58.the Royal Navy based the British Grand Fleet
:49:59. > :50:04.in its vast sheltered anchorage. It was from here, in May 1916,
:50:05. > :50:09.that those warships sailed to The British and German navies
:50:10. > :50:19.fought a terrible battle at Jutland Bank in the North Sea,
:50:20. > :50:28.and thousands of lives were lost. Today, 100 years later,
:50:29. > :50:31.representatives of our two countries The deepest moments
:50:32. > :51:16.that make us more fully human, that recognise
:51:17. > :51:19.the worth of life and the value of what
:51:20. > :51:23.people do, are not found in victory parades
:51:24. > :51:27.or in great speeches The deepest moments
:51:28. > :51:30.that make us more fully human, that recognise
:51:31. > :51:33.the worth of life and the value of what
:51:34. > :51:37.people do, are not found in victory parades
:51:38. > :51:39.or in great speeches by world leaders, in
:51:40. > :51:41.the noise of conflict or the Die bedeutendsten
:51:42. > :51:48.Augenblicke, an den wir unser Menschsein spuren,
:51:49. > :51:52.sind die Momente Denn nur in der Stille
:51:53. > :51:55.findet das Gedenken The deepest moments
:51:56. > :51:59.that make us more fully human are the
:52:00. > :52:00.moments we find filled For only in silence
:52:01. > :52:12.does remembrance live. Moge Gottes Stille und
:52:13. > :52:14.Frieden auf uns ruhen und seine Gegenwart unser
:52:15. > :52:16.Leben durchdringen. May God's stillness
:52:17. > :52:24.and peace rest upon us. May God's presence
:52:25. > :52:27.permeate all our living. # Whose arm hath
:52:28. > :52:59.bound the restless wave, # Who bade the mighty ocean deep
:53:00. > :53:16.Its own appointed limits keep; # Oh, hear us when we cry to Thee,
:53:17. > :53:35.For those in peril on the sea! # Whose voice the waters heard
:53:36. > :53:49.And hushed their raging at Thy Word, # Who walked upon the foaming
:53:50. > :53:58.deep, # And calm amidst the
:53:59. > :54:07.storm didst sleep; # Oh, hear us when we cry to Thee,
:54:08. > :54:21.For those in peril on the sea! # Who didst brood
:54:22. > :54:44.Upon the waters dark and rude, # And bid their angry tumult cease,
:54:45. > :55:00.And give, for wild confusion, peace; # Oh, hear us when we cry to Thee,
:55:01. > :55:36.For those in peril on the sea! The Chaplain of the Fleet, the
:55:37. > :55:38.venerable Ian Wheatley, begins the account of the Battle of Jutland
:55:39. > :55:42.that'll go throughout this service. The Grand Fleet's move
:55:43. > :55:44.to Orkney in 1914 was a huge operation,
:55:45. > :55:46.and had a significant effect on the local economy
:55:47. > :55:49.and infrastructure. The scale of activity
:55:50. > :55:52.and the unusual sights Kirkwall resident and picture
:55:53. > :55:58.framer Margaret Tait recorded this in her diary,
:55:59. > :56:01.as recounted by her All the windows facing Scapa have
:56:02. > :56:19.got to be darkened at night. Also all those facing the sea
:56:20. > :56:22.at Kirkwall and nobody allowed along the sea-front after dark -
:56:23. > :56:24.which rule is often broken, The streets are very poorly lighted
:56:25. > :56:31.up and as for the lanes and back As a result of all this
:56:32. > :56:37.darkness there's no comfort In March 1915 she recalled
:56:38. > :56:50.the impressive sight in her diary. "I went down to see the ships
:56:51. > :56:53.in the Bay as I was told there were more ships coming
:56:54. > :56:56.and going to Kirkwall at present than comes and goes
:56:57. > :56:59.to the ports of London. It was a lovely sight,
:57:00. > :57:02.the ships stretched right across the Bay as far as Finstown,
:57:03. > :57:06.and were all lighted up making it Truly a fine sight and
:57:07. > :57:15.well worth seeing." Scapa may have become
:57:16. > :57:22.a 'city of ships', but for those allowed ashore
:57:23. > :57:24.on leave, there was To relieve the boredom for sailors,
:57:25. > :57:30.inter-ship rowing regattas and athletics were
:57:31. > :57:33.organised, and football pitches were created
:57:34. > :57:35.on Flotta alongside a rudimentary golf
:57:36. > :57:38.course for officers. The merchant ship SS
:57:39. > :57:41.Ghourko was fitted with a cinema and a
:57:42. > :57:43.boxing ring, and men organised amateur
:57:44. > :57:45.dramatics and dances While the sailors of
:57:46. > :57:53.the Grand Fleet kicked their heels in Orkney,
:57:54. > :57:55.sea battles were being fought around the globe
:57:56. > :57:58.in the Pacific, South Atlantic and Indian
:57:59. > :58:00.Oceans and, closer to home, in the Heligoland
:58:01. > :58:02.Bight and over the Nor was it just the sailors of the
:58:03. > :58:16.Royal Navy who risked their lives. Many of those in peril on the sea
:58:17. > :58:20.were merchant sailors: civilians who played a vital role supplying
:58:21. > :58:23.the nation and the armed forces with food and supplies
:58:24. > :58:25.and transporting troops and equipment to every
:58:26. > :58:35.theatre of war. They too were at risk every time
:58:36. > :58:37.they sailed, from mines, Around 3,000 merchant ships
:58:38. > :58:44.and fishing boats were sunk with the loss of more than 15,000
:58:45. > :59:02.lives during the course of the war. Captain Frederick Parslow,
:59:03. > :59:04.Master of the SS Anglo Californian,
:59:05. > :59:08.a horse transport vessel, was posthumously awarded
:59:09. > :59:11.the Victoria Cross for his courage in the face
:59:12. > :59:15.of danger when his One of his shipmates,
:59:16. > :59:22.James Davies, described the "I had just had my breakfast
:59:23. > :59:31.and was walking along the deck when I sighted a grey object
:59:32. > :59:34.about four miles away. Shortly after, I made out
:59:35. > :59:38.the conning tower of a submarine and minutes later a shot was fired
:59:39. > :59:41.at the vessel but passed over. We all rushed for lifebelts
:59:42. > :59:43.and stood in our Then I saw the sub signal
:59:44. > :59:53.by flags and I was told their message was,
:59:54. > :59:57."Get into your boats; The Captain, however,
:59:58. > :00:01.was determined not to abandon ship, whereupon
:00:02. > :00:04.another signal from the sub, "If you do not
:00:05. > :00:08.want your lifeboats, we Then the Captain shouted
:00:09. > :00:17."Every man for himself", and I jumped into the water without
:00:18. > :00:21.a lifebelt on and was swimming about two-and-a-half hours
:00:22. > :00:26.before being picked up. When I was about to put my lifebelt
:00:27. > :00:29.on, the Captain shouted to me to undo some ropes
:00:30. > :00:32.and I put my lifebelt down When I looked for it again
:00:33. > :00:43.it had gone. A minute later the Captain
:00:44. > :00:57.was blown to bits." Set me as a seal upon thine heart,
:00:58. > :01:02.as a seal upon thine arm; for love
:01:03. > :01:05.is as strong as death, the coals of fire, which hath
:01:06. > :01:17.a most vehement flame. neither can floods drown
:01:18. > :01:23.it: if a man would give all
:01:24. > :01:28.the substance of his house for love, We will now hear the Golden
:01:29. > :02:00.Solstice. MUSIC: The Golden Solstice
:02:01. > :02:05.by Sir Peter Maxwell Davies. # And to harness
:02:06. > :03:06.the passion of oxen. # Time for the urn
:03:07. > :03:17.to be to be emptied. # Time for the hill to be
:03:18. > :03:36.smitten with willed fire. # Time for a hundred
:03:37. > :04:30.jars to be gathered. # Indeed it is time
:04:31. > :04:42.to forsake this ebb. # Time for the bird to seek
:04:43. > :06:52.the golden solstice # The Golden Solstice
:06:53. > :07:45.by Sir Peter Maxwell Davies. Now a narrative dialogue of sailors'
:07:46. > :07:52.experiences at Jutland, a dialogue between two nations.
:07:53. > :07:58.Anticipation for a decisive naval battle was high on both sides.
:07:59. > :08:03.After months of relatively small scale actions, sailors hoped that
:08:04. > :08:23.a real trial of naval power was upon them.
:08:24. > :08:27.On a calm summer's evening of 30th May, just about cocktail time,
:08:28. > :08:34.the Commander-in-Chief, Admiral Jellicoe in the Iron Duke,
:08:35. > :08:40.hoisted the momentous signal, QP or in plain language,
:08:41. > :08:43."Raise steam for Fleet Speed and report when ready to proceed!"
:08:44. > :08:46.Though we had received the same order many times before,
:08:47. > :08:50.it never failed to raise a thrill of wild excitement
:08:51. > :08:55.in the expectation that this time perhaps, Der Tag,
:08:56. > :09:07.as we had called it, had dawned at last.
:09:08. > :09:10.I went to my cabin, lay down for a siesta,
:09:11. > :09:12.watched the blue rings from my cigar, and dreamed
:09:13. > :09:18.If only it came to gunnery action this time!
:09:19. > :09:22.My whole career seemed so incomplete, so much of a failure
:09:23. > :09:26.if I did not have at least one opportunity of feeling in battle
:09:27. > :09:32.on the high seas what fighting was really like.
:09:33. > :09:40.Blow for blow, shot for shot - that was what I wanted.
:09:41. > :09:45.The Midshipman crew marvelled that the site of the Grand Fleet leaving
:09:46. > :09:48.the Scapa Flow... The grey monsters wheeled
:09:49. > :09:50.in succession round us and followed out to sea with that uncanny
:09:51. > :09:52.precision and silent majesty which marks the departure to sea
:09:53. > :09:56.of a perfectly trained fleet. A more powerful exhibition
:09:57. > :10:04.of majestic strength and efficiency devised solely for the utter
:10:05. > :10:06.destruction of the enemy, it I was a part of this huge machine
:10:07. > :10:10.and firmly convinced that the machine was invincible
:10:11. > :10:18.if not even invulnerable. Our commander was confident in his
:10:19. > :10:25.Navy's gunnery skills. I was possessed by a burning desire
:10:26. > :10:30.to engage our proud Derfflinger in action with an English
:10:31. > :10:32.battlecruiser worthy of her. Day and night this
:10:33. > :10:35.thought never left me. I pictured to myself how every
:10:36. > :10:38.salvo from the enemy was replied to by one from us,
:10:39. > :10:43.how the fight became ever faster and more furious,
:10:44. > :10:49.and how we struggled together like two mighty warriors who both
:10:50. > :10:52.know well enough that only one Cameron Dow now sings Lonely Scapa
:10:53. > :11:15.Flow. # Do you recall my dear how once,
:11:16. > :11:18.you walked with me, # Across the warm brown hills,
:11:19. > :11:23.towards the shining sea? # And how we lingered long
:11:24. > :11:27.upon the Shore to see # Beloved ships come
:11:28. > :11:32.sailing up the Flow # But that was yesterday,
:11:33. > :11:36.for now they come no more, # Among the small green
:11:37. > :11:40.isles, # And so we linger sadly,
:11:41. > :11:47.by an empty shore, # And shed a tear
:11:48. > :11:56.for lonely Scapa Flow. # We saw them anchored proudly
:11:57. > :11:59.as the Sun went down, # And heard a far off bugle
:12:00. > :12:05.from the old Renown. # And o'er the gleaming water,
:12:06. > :12:08.like a brave new town, # A thousand port lights
:12:09. > :12:18.winked in Scapa Flow # But that was yesterday,
:12:19. > :12:20.for now they come no more, # Among the small green isles,
:12:21. > :12:25.where oft they lay of yore, # And so we linger sadly,
:12:26. > :12:33.by an empty shore, # And shed a tear
:12:34. > :12:36.for lonely Scapa Flow. # And for a while we walk not
:12:37. > :12:44.on that darkened shore, # No winking port lights then,
:12:45. > :12:47.to glint the wave tops o'er. # And there were those who came
:12:48. > :12:53.who will return no more. # Who are asleep
:12:54. > :12:58.in lonely Scapa Flow. # But that was yesterday,
:12:59. > :13:04.for now they come no more, # Among the small green isles,
:13:05. > :13:09.where oft they lay of yore, # And so we linger
:13:10. > :13:14.sadly, by an empty shore, # And shed a tear
:13:15. > :13:20.for lonely Scapa Flow. # And so we linger sadly,
:13:21. > :13:25.by an empty shore, # And shed a tear for
:13:26. > :13:50.lonely Scapa Flow # This sense of apprehension
:13:51. > :13:54.was replaced by the implementation of the hours of practice
:13:55. > :13:57.and engagement drills which prepared each man
:13:58. > :14:15.for the commencement of battle. Midshipman John, aged 19, was
:14:16. > :14:20.already a veteran of the previous year's action at the dogger bank.
:14:21. > :14:22.At half past three, tea was piped for the hands.
:14:23. > :14:25.That means the Bosun's Mate went around and just shouted
:14:26. > :14:30.I woke up and slouched off towards the Gun Room where I hoped
:14:31. > :14:38.Almost immediately - I'd hardly got up - when the bugles went,
:14:39. > :14:46.That meant I had to run off as fast
:14:47. > :14:59.Captain of the German Battlecruiser Seydlitz recalls the first sight of
:15:00. > :15:07.the British Battlecruiser s. The British light cruisers came
:15:08. > :15:09.in view, and behind them Then tripod masts and huge hulls
:15:10. > :15:12.loomed over the horizon. There they were again,
:15:13. > :15:24.our friends from the Dogger Bank. Commander the honourable Barry
:15:25. > :15:28.Bingham in HMS Nestor, finding himself, along with other British
:15:29. > :15:31.and German destroyers, between the two main battle fleets.
:15:32. > :15:33.My yeoman-of-signals reported; "German battleships on the horizon,
:15:34. > :15:42.I was dumbfounded to see that it was, in truth, the main body
:15:43. > :15:47.of the German High Seas Fleet, steaming at top speed
:15:48. > :15:50.and following the wake of their own battle cruisers.
:15:51. > :15:56.Their course necessarily led them past the Nomad.
:15:57. > :16:01.They literally smothered the destroyer with salvos.
:16:02. > :16:06.I shall never forget the sight of what was in store for us
:16:07. > :16:12.there was now not the vestige of a doubt.
:16:13. > :16:15.From an affair of outposts, the situation had suddenly developed
:16:16. > :16:21.into what could well be the decisive action of the whole war.
:16:22. > :16:28.A drama of unparalleled grandeur and significance
:16:29. > :16:36.the full implications were not yet clear.
:16:37. > :16:42.The most powerful figure on the stage was as yet
:16:43. > :16:45.unrevealed to them, Jellicoe, with his mighty array
:16:46. > :16:47.still pressing southwards, desperate to get into the battle
:16:48. > :16:57.and avid for every scrap of information.
:16:58. > :17:08.One of the ships that Bingham could see was the German battleship
:17:09. > :17:09.Heligoland Bight on board which Seaman record of the facts of the
:17:10. > :17:11.British gunfire. What kind of a strange
:17:12. > :17:13.sound was this? "Crash, crash", the sound
:17:14. > :17:17.reverberated. It was the death cry
:17:18. > :17:21.of an English shell! I fell down on the deck
:17:22. > :17:25.and listened. I noticed that the floor vibrated
:17:26. > :17:29.slowly and sang at each crash. It was loud or quiet,
:17:30. > :17:32.depending on the distance The engines shook like
:17:33. > :17:39.a machine gun. Deep in our hearts we were
:17:40. > :17:59.all afraid and tried Leading signalman Charles Farmer was
:18:00. > :18:03.working aloft when an explosion claimed HMS Indefatigable. He was
:18:04. > :18:08.one of only two survivors of a ship 's company of 1019.
:18:09. > :18:10.There was a terrific explosion aboard the ship
:18:11. > :18:19.I saw the guns go in the air just like matchsticks - 12 inch guns
:18:20. > :18:37.Within half a minute the ship turned over and she was gone.
:18:38. > :18:41.I was 180 foot up and I was thrown well clear of the ship,
:18:42. > :18:55.otherwise I would have been sucked under.
:18:56. > :19:09.The choir are now going to sing Sunset, originally composed by the
:19:10. > :19:15.bandmaster of the Royal Marine and on-board HMS Hercules at Jutland.
:19:16. > :20:24.# We often think of those we love
:20:25. > :20:33.# And all of those who've gone before,
:20:34. > :22:00.The awful reality of a full scale sea battle was soon realised
:22:01. > :22:20.Chaplain of the battleship HMS Ajax reflected the thoughts of many.
:22:21. > :22:25.The next morning broke misty and dull as the evening before;
:22:26. > :22:27.the noise of gunfire which had resounded at intervals
:22:28. > :22:32.during the night had died away; a light breeze was beginning
:22:33. > :22:35.to spring up, and already stirred the waves to leap mercifully
:22:36. > :22:38.upon all the flotsam, human and other, and sink it
:22:39. > :22:44.So many gallant men and jovial comrades gone!
:22:45. > :22:47.Men to whom we had been talking only a few days before,
:22:48. > :22:52.when we went aboard their ships or they visited us.
:22:53. > :22:57.Old shipmates, old station-mates; men who had pulled in boat races
:22:58. > :23:00.against our men: partners at golf, people of the same term at Osborn,
:23:01. > :23:06.And all men of the same loves and hatreds as ourselves,
:23:07. > :23:08.the same tastes and ways, the same weaknesses,
:23:09. > :23:12.and the same joy in living: what had we done that they should
:23:13. > :23:26.Those who served between the decks in the battle would have been eager
:23:27. > :23:31.for details, as a seaman recalled. The first thing I did
:23:32. > :23:34.was to climb down to survey Good God, how things
:23:35. > :23:38.looked down there! If I had not seen it myself it
:23:39. > :23:41.would have been impossible to picture the confusion
:23:42. > :23:45.which prevailed. The hole itself could no longer be
:23:46. > :23:48.seen because it had been patched up with mattresses,
:23:49. > :23:53.blankets, boards and beams. The water still stood about a foot
:23:54. > :23:57.deep in the compartment. Naturally the lookouts
:23:58. > :24:00.were bombarded with all sorts Those who had witnessed the battle
:24:01. > :24:12.had to repeat the entire story over and over
:24:13. > :24:26.until of the men was satisfied. # Bless the Lord, my soul,
:24:27. > :24:43.and bless his holy name. # Bless the Lord, my soul,
:24:44. > :24:56.he rescues me from death.# We light this Candle
:24:57. > :25:01.in Remembrance and Hope, to call to mind Magnus and Rognvald,
:25:02. > :25:04.and all the saints, all those dear to us
:25:05. > :25:08.who have gone before, and today, all those who made
:25:09. > :25:11.the ultimate sacrifice in the Naval And as a sign of hope to future
:25:12. > :25:23.generations, as yet unborn. Jesus said, "I am the Light
:25:24. > :25:27.of the World. Whoever follows me shall
:25:28. > :25:33.not walk in darkness # Bless the Lord, my soul,
:25:34. > :25:53.and bless his holy name. # Bless the Lord, my soul,
:25:54. > :27:29.he leads me into life.# First lesson of St John, chapter
:27:30. > :27:35.four. Dear friends, let us practice loving each other because love comes
:27:36. > :27:41.from God. Those who are loving and kind show that they are children of
:27:42. > :27:48.God and that they are getting to know him better. But if a person is
:27:49. > :27:59.not loving and kind, it shows they don't know God, for God is love.
:28:00. > :28:05.Dear friends, since God loves us so much, we surely ought to love each
:28:06. > :28:13.other too for though we have not yet seen God, when we loved each other,
:28:14. > :28:31.God lives in us and his love within us grows ever stronger.
:28:32. > :28:59.# For a just and equal sharing of the things that earth affords.
:29:00. > :29:21.# To a life of love in action help us rise and pledge our word.
:29:22. > :29:35.# Lead us forward into freedom, from despair your world release,
:29:36. > :29:41.# That, redeemed from war and hatred,
:29:42. > :29:56.# Show us how through care and goodness
:29:57. > :30:28.# All that kills abundant living, let it from the earth be banned:
:30:29. > :30:35.# Pride of status, race or schooling,
:30:36. > :31:21.# You, Creator God, have written your great name on humankind;
:31:22. > :31:32.# For our growing in your likeness bring the life of Christ to mind;
:31:33. > :31:57.# That by our response and service earth its destiny may find.
:31:58. > :32:37.Male mighty and merciful God bless you, the father, the son and holy
:32:38. > :36:04.spirit. Amen. This service of commemoration of the
:36:05. > :36:14.Battle of Jutland 100 years ago, in the cathedral of St Magnus at
:36:15. > :36:28.Kirkwall in Orkney. It ends with Solo Piper and decamped playing In
:36:29. > :36:49.There Will Be The Laying Of Wreaths Outside. Tim Laurence, The Princess
:36:50. > :37:08.Royal's Husband, Will Be Going Later To The Cemetery at Lyness. And now
:37:09. > :37:13.we hear another piece of music played by Raymie Peace of the
:37:14. > :37:33.Kirkwall city pipe band. President Gauck, who read in both
:37:34. > :37:39.German and English, familiar with the words of the service, for many
:37:40. > :37:42.years he was a pastor in an evangelical church. He was born in
:37:43. > :39:04.east Germany in Rostock in 1940. A few words about this war memorial,
:39:05. > :39:09.which remembers Kirkwall men and women who fought in the Second World
:39:10. > :39:17.War, as well as the First World War, as well as in the merchant service.
:39:18. > :39:21.And the people of Kirkwall, who have been anticipating this day, the
:39:22. > :39:28.shops on the high street have all got displays of red poppies.
:39:29. > :39:29.Everybody has turned out to do their bit, remembering this Day 100 years
:39:30. > :39:50.ago. And the Princess Royal, who is here,
:39:51. > :39:55.standing in, so to speak, she was going to be here anyway, but she's
:39:56. > :39:59.standing in for her father, the Duke of Edinburgh, who is not here on
:40:00. > :40:13.docked' Doctor's advice. The pipes play
:40:14. > :40:23.again. The Prime Minister saying goodbye.
:40:24. > :40:32.The Girl Scouts, who were handing out the programmes earlier. We have
:40:33. > :40:41.commemorated here this morning, a battle between two giant navies, the
:40:42. > :40:45.British and German, in the wastes of the North Sea. Nobody could claim
:40:46. > :40:59.for certain to be the victor. But after that, one of those giants, the
:41:00. > :41:10.German giant, retreated into its lair and never came out again. The
:41:11. > :41:18.battle killed more than 8500 people. We will have more from Orkney and
:41:19. > :41:22.the ceremonious at Lyness Cemetery. We will see poppies and
:41:23. > :41:27.forget-me-nots dropped onto the site of battle in the North Sea later. We
:41:28. > :41:31.will be back with that later on BBC Two at 7pm. We hope you can join us
:41:32. > :41:39.then. For now, we leave Kirkwall with the memories of today from
:41:40. > :41:45.three of those who survived. I had never seen so many ships in one area
:41:46. > :41:51.of my life before. You could see the flashes of the guns, and the noise.
:41:52. > :41:55.The whole thing was like 100 thunderstorms running into one
:41:56. > :41:59.another and going off at once. The ship turned right over, it threw me
:42:00. > :42:07.into the water. Luckily I was at the top of the mast, otherwise I would
:42:08. > :42:12.be sucked under. I was swimming about, practically unconscious. I
:42:13. > :42:17.was turning over, really. I came to the top of the water, and about half
:42:18. > :42:25.an hour afterwards, German cruisers came along. I docked my head down.
:42:26. > :42:30.If they had seen me they would have probably shot at me. They would have
:42:31. > :42:37.done. You are not allowed to pick up survivors. The first thing that
:42:38. > :42:45.happened of any incidents was the Queen Mary, we heard the explosion.
:42:46. > :42:47.The oi turret started to dip and the oi part
:42:48. > :43:05.Ship. A few men jumped off the stern into the water. She went up with a
:43:06. > :43:11.terrific bang. The most, what shall I say... Outstanding site I saw was
:43:12. > :43:20.when the Invincible went down, she blew up with a vast explosion and
:43:21. > :43:23.went down like a flaming letter V. Hundreds of men struggling in the
:43:24. > :43:28.water. We steamed through the spot, and as we did so, the smell of
:43:29. > :43:35.cordite and the gas from the shells, and burning bodies. That was the
:43:36. > :43:39.only time I think, I wouldn't say frightened, but it was the only time
:43:40. > :43:49.I felt really bad and I had a nasty feeling in the pit of my stomach.
:43:50. > :43:58.People were afraid of her political convictions -
:43:59. > :44:04.Dear Mama, last night we had nearly four inches of rain.
:44:05. > :44:07.People can be seen going about fetching bread and other things
:44:08. > :44:10.on floating sofas or wooden bedsteads.
:44:11. > :44:12.From global trends to political tension,
:44:13. > :44:16.This Week's World takes one prominent issue each week
:44:17. > :44:19.and examines in-depth the effect on ordinary lives
:44:20. > :44:23.to really understand the issue and potential solutions.