0:00:02 > 0:00:04Finding your way round town these days isn't so hard.
0:00:04 > 0:00:09GPS means a little blinking dot on a screen and you're sorted.
0:00:09 > 0:00:11What if you are not in town
0:00:11 > 0:00:15but in the great outdoors with no signal and definitely no Wi-Fi?
0:00:15 > 0:00:19Well, using a low tech map, hi tech GPS and even one of these -
0:00:19 > 0:00:20a helicam -
0:00:20 > 0:00:24I'm going to show you the skills to put you on the right track.
0:00:24 > 0:00:28I'm setting three groups of students a navigational challenge -
0:00:28 > 0:00:31to find out exactly where they are on a map...
0:00:31 > 0:00:34Craven Garth Farm, look! We just came from there.
0:00:34 > 0:00:38..and to follow a route to an ultimate destination.
0:00:38 > 0:00:41But this ends here, so obviously something's gone wrong.
0:00:46 > 0:00:50Today we're in North Yorkshire on the Heritage Coast.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53I'm with Abi, Irum and Sarah.
0:00:53 > 0:00:56They've been blindfolded for the last part of our journey,
0:00:56 > 0:00:58so they haven't a clue where they are.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01- I spy with my little eye something beginning with S.- Sky!
0:01:01 > 0:01:04It's the start of a mission in which these three 15-year-olds
0:01:04 > 0:01:08from urban Leeds who think they have no map reading skills
0:01:08 > 0:01:12will be asked to identify locations and follow a route between them.
0:01:12 > 0:01:14Any idea at all where you are at the moment?
0:01:14 > 0:01:15In a field.
0:01:15 > 0:01:19The first task is to use an Ordnance Survey map
0:01:19 > 0:01:20to pinpoint where they're starting.
0:01:20 > 0:01:23You are somewhere on this map. What can you see?
0:01:23 > 0:01:25What can you see when you look around?
0:01:25 > 0:01:27Talk me through the landscape as you see it right now.
0:01:27 > 0:01:30You can see the thing sticking out the edge.
0:01:30 > 0:01:32We've got some cliffs. What do you think this is?
0:01:32 > 0:01:33Factories?
0:01:33 > 0:01:36It does. It looks industrial, doesn't it? It's big.
0:01:36 > 0:01:37Are we near here?
0:01:37 > 0:01:39- What does that say?- Jetty.
0:01:39 > 0:01:43- Jetty, very good. Is that sand down there?- Yeah.
0:01:43 > 0:01:45What else can we see that you've spotted around us here?
0:01:45 > 0:01:49Is that the industrial area cos it says works?
0:01:49 > 0:01:52The girls have found the only place on the map with a jetty,
0:01:52 > 0:01:56a sandy beach and a large factory overlooking them.
0:01:56 > 0:01:58It puts them close to the village of Skinningrove,
0:01:58 > 0:02:01but what's their precise position?
0:02:01 > 0:02:04What's along this road that might give us a clue?
0:02:04 > 0:02:06These black lines here, these are the edges of fields.
0:02:06 > 0:02:09These are the field boundaries and you can see right here
0:02:09 > 0:02:11that we are on the boundary between two fields.
0:02:11 > 0:02:13So that's exactly where we are.
0:02:13 > 0:02:16There's a key to everything here,
0:02:16 > 0:02:18so if you see anything on the map you don't understand...
0:02:18 > 0:02:20this is the place you look it up.
0:02:20 > 0:02:23To start with I want the girls to navigate down the coast
0:02:23 > 0:02:26to a rendezvous point close to a communications mast.
0:02:26 > 0:02:28When they think they've got there,
0:02:28 > 0:02:31I've asked them to send me details of where they are.
0:02:31 > 0:02:33They can do this using co-ordinates.
0:02:33 > 0:02:37Each place on the planet can be identified using latitude
0:02:37 > 0:02:38and longitude.
0:02:38 > 0:02:42Latitude indicates your position relative to the equator.
0:02:42 > 0:02:46Longitude tells you your position relative to the Prime Meridian,
0:02:46 > 0:02:49which runs through Greenwich in London.
0:02:49 > 0:02:53Combine the two and you can pinpoint an exact location,
0:02:53 > 0:02:56and a GPS tracker works this out for you.
0:02:56 > 0:02:58Here you go, you've got your latitude and longitude.
0:02:58 > 0:03:00I want you to text me your co-ordinates
0:03:00 > 0:03:03when you get to it, where you think we're going to meet.
0:03:03 > 0:03:05All right? And I'll come and see you.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07I'll start you off. You're going that way.
0:03:07 > 0:03:09- That way, OK.- Thank you. - Right.- See you later.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12- OK, so we're here. - Look out for traffic.
0:03:12 > 0:03:15Our helicam is on hand to show how the map relates to
0:03:15 > 0:03:19the features on the ground as they take on the challenge.
0:03:19 > 0:03:21The girls need to find a long distance trail
0:03:21 > 0:03:23called The Cleveland Way.
0:03:23 > 0:03:26On the 1 to 25,000 scale map they're using,
0:03:26 > 0:03:30public rights of way are marked as green dotted lines
0:03:30 > 0:03:33and the long distance trails are signified by green diamonds.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36So we need to walk down there and find the path.
0:03:36 > 0:03:39There's a short cut they can take, but will they see it?
0:03:41 > 0:03:43No, they missed it.
0:03:43 > 0:03:44You sure it isn't down there?
0:03:44 > 0:03:46- We've got a footpath there. - Is it near the beach?
0:03:46 > 0:03:49Now this is interesting, the girls just walked past this spot,
0:03:49 > 0:03:51but they could've turned right here.
0:03:51 > 0:03:54As you can see it's not that obvious which is probably why
0:03:54 > 0:03:56the girls missed it, but when you're map reading
0:03:56 > 0:04:01it is so important to keep your eyes peeled for the small details.
0:04:01 > 0:04:03The road continues downhill,
0:04:03 > 0:04:07double arrows on the map indicate a steep gradient.
0:04:07 > 0:04:10Unfortunately the girls follow it right to the bottom.
0:04:10 > 0:04:11We're not going on the beach.
0:04:11 > 0:04:12It's up the hill.
0:04:12 > 0:04:14Something's gone wrong.
0:04:14 > 0:04:17- Wait, can I see the map please? - Yeah.- So it's up there.
0:04:17 > 0:04:20When they find the path, it's a tiring climb back up to where
0:04:20 > 0:04:23they would have been if they hadn't missed the short cut.
0:04:23 > 0:04:25That's like a 90 degree angle.
0:04:25 > 0:04:29There are no arrows on footpaths to indicate they're steep,
0:04:29 > 0:04:32but you can tell from the map it will be tough going.
0:04:32 > 0:04:34The map is full of contour lines
0:04:34 > 0:04:36which connect points of equal height.
0:04:36 > 0:04:40Marked on is a number which signifies metres above sea level.
0:04:40 > 0:04:44Cross contour lines and it means you're going up or downhill
0:04:44 > 0:04:47and the closer they are together, the steeper the gradient.
0:04:52 > 0:04:56From the hill the girls get a clear view of features shown on the map.
0:04:57 > 0:05:00There's a red warning beacon.
0:05:00 > 0:05:02And the cliffs and wave-cut platform
0:05:02 > 0:05:04which run along this stretch of coast.
0:05:05 > 0:05:07- Where are we?- Let's check.
0:05:08 > 0:05:10OK, so we are about...
0:05:10 > 0:05:11Here.
0:05:11 > 0:05:12Yeah. OK, it curves...
0:05:14 > 0:05:15A good idea when you're navigating
0:05:15 > 0:05:18is to turn the map in the direction you're walking,
0:05:18 > 0:05:20just like you're following a sat nav.
0:05:20 > 0:05:22Of course, it will mean the writing on the map could be
0:05:22 > 0:05:26at a strange angle, but it'll make it much easier to work out
0:05:26 > 0:05:28when and whether you have to turn left or right.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32We'll just be, like, following it along the edge again.
0:05:35 > 0:05:38Look, it's the mast. So we know we're here then.
0:05:38 > 0:05:40Let's check the map.
0:05:40 > 0:05:43Through there and then there should be a foot path.
0:05:43 > 0:05:46The girls think they've identified the path that leads away from
0:05:46 > 0:05:48the coast to the mast.
0:05:48 > 0:05:52If they're right they should see a couple of archaeological features
0:05:52 > 0:05:56in an adjacent field which are marked by italic writing.
0:05:56 > 0:05:59The map key reveals these are non-Roman sites.
0:05:59 > 0:06:03Some have specific names, but in this case each one is marked on
0:06:03 > 0:06:08as a tumulus - the technical term for an ancient burial mound.
0:06:08 > 0:06:11Then the path leads straight on to a communications tower.
0:06:11 > 0:06:13This is like a eureka moment.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16Now we just have to work out how to open the gate.
0:06:16 > 0:06:17- We should text Joe.- Yeah.
0:06:17 > 0:06:20Tell him the coordinates. OK, one minute. I got it.
0:06:20 > 0:06:22North.
0:06:22 > 0:06:25North. 54 degrees.
0:06:25 > 0:06:2733. 45.
0:06:30 > 0:06:33Right, guys, clearly you're by a big radio mast here.
0:06:33 > 0:06:36Do you think it's the right radio mast?
0:06:36 > 0:06:38Hopefully.
0:06:38 > 0:06:42If you've got a smartphone or a tablet you can double check
0:06:42 > 0:06:43your location using a district map,
0:06:43 > 0:06:49so on this phone I have downloaded software of the map.
0:06:49 > 0:06:52Now it's the same map that you've got there, it's Ordnance Survey,
0:06:52 > 0:06:56but obviously if you press this button here it actually locates you.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59And sure enough that orange point is the check point I sent you
0:06:59 > 0:07:03and you can see this circle is where we are, so you are bang on,
0:07:03 > 0:07:06you are in the right place, congratulations.
0:07:06 > 0:07:09Now they need their final destination.
0:07:09 > 0:07:12I want them to meet me at the lifeboat station
0:07:12 > 0:07:14which is located in an area called Cowbar
0:07:14 > 0:07:17next to the village of Staithes.
0:07:17 > 0:07:18The Cleveland Way
0:07:18 > 0:07:21runs over the cliff tops above old quarries.
0:07:21 > 0:07:23A cliff can't be shown by contour lines.
0:07:23 > 0:07:27Instead you'll find a map symbol which indicates a vertical face.
0:07:29 > 0:07:32Now, maps don't just include landscape features,
0:07:32 > 0:07:34buildings are on there, too.
0:07:34 > 0:07:37Over there is Boulby Mine and it's clearly marked on this map,
0:07:37 > 0:07:39not just because there's a mine there,
0:07:39 > 0:07:42but individual buildings are shown, too.
0:07:42 > 0:07:45So you can spot all sorts of things on a map of this scale -
0:07:45 > 0:07:49farm houses, factories, even tiny little cottages.
0:07:49 > 0:07:51So there's plenty to look out for
0:07:51 > 0:07:54and this row of cottages is clearly visible on the girls' map.
0:07:56 > 0:07:59The girls are safely on the right track,
0:07:59 > 0:08:00now it's a matter of following
0:08:00 > 0:08:03the road down the steep hill into the village.
0:08:03 > 0:08:06It's the end of an eight and a half kilometre walk.
0:08:06 > 0:08:10- I love the houses. - They're so pretty, yes.
0:08:13 > 0:08:15What's that?
0:08:15 > 0:08:16Hello.
0:08:18 > 0:08:20You made it. How you doing?
0:08:20 > 0:08:22This is the rescue boat you were looking for,
0:08:22 > 0:08:26so, congratulations, you have made it.
0:08:26 > 0:08:28So, come over here, let's see that map,
0:08:28 > 0:08:30let's see the whole distance you've come then.
0:08:30 > 0:08:34So, you have walked from Skinningrove,
0:08:34 > 0:08:38all the way over there, to Staithes, right in the middle.
0:08:38 > 0:08:41- Wow.- Quite a distance. How do you feel?
0:08:41 > 0:08:43- Tired.- Relieved.
0:08:43 > 0:08:46And have you learnt most importantly a little bit about map reading?
0:08:46 > 0:08:48- ALL: Yes. - What sorts of things?
0:08:48 > 0:08:50About how, like, to see where the rocks are
0:08:50 > 0:08:53and when we're allowed to use... walk around them and stuff.
0:08:53 > 0:08:56Good, so you're using the key to identify different features.
0:08:56 > 0:08:58- The gradients.- Yeah, crucial.
0:08:58 > 0:09:01The contours, the ups and downs, and reading those sorts of things.
0:09:01 > 0:09:04- North's facing upwards. - North, south is always the same.
0:09:04 > 0:09:06The map is facing north exactly.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09Which way around to hold a map - very important that one.
0:09:09 > 0:09:12Congratulations, well done, guys, good work!
0:09:12 > 0:09:15- Probably time for an ice cream, I reckon.- Yeah.- Come on then.
0:09:15 > 0:09:17Sarah, Abi and Irum have done really well.
0:09:17 > 0:09:20The girls have followed the map closely.
0:09:20 > 0:09:22They've noticed and hit all the major landmarks
0:09:22 > 0:09:25and they've arrived here in the beautiful final destination
0:09:25 > 0:09:27on time and safely.
0:09:27 > 0:09:30I'd call that a job well done.
0:09:35 > 0:09:39Today we're in Yorkshire exploring the North York Moors.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42I'm with Danyaal, Haseeb and Fezzy.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45They've been blindfolded near the end of their journey,
0:09:45 > 0:09:47so they haven't a clue where they are.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50It's the start of a mission in which these three 16-year-olds
0:09:50 > 0:09:54from Batley in West Yorkshire will be asked to identify locations
0:09:54 > 0:09:57and follow a route between them.
0:09:57 > 0:10:00It's a tricky task especially as the lads know little
0:10:00 > 0:10:02or nothing about map reading.
0:10:02 > 0:10:03Take a look around you.
0:10:03 > 0:10:06Do you have any idea where we are? Exactly where we are right now?
0:10:06 > 0:10:08- No.- Nope.- Not at all. - OK, using this map,
0:10:08 > 0:10:12if I give you a slight clue, which is that we are somewhere
0:10:12 > 0:10:14in this section of the map.
0:10:14 > 0:10:17I want you to try and work out exactly where we are.
0:10:17 > 0:10:19Take a look around you.
0:10:19 > 0:10:22What can you see that we may be able to find on here to give us a clue.
0:10:22 > 0:10:24- Houses.- Valleys - There's a telephone box.
0:10:26 > 0:10:27Ah, I found it.
0:10:27 > 0:10:30Well, that's a phone box, so how do we know if it's the right one?
0:10:30 > 0:10:32- What else do we know? - It's one road.
0:10:32 > 0:10:35There's a path going down there and there's a path going up here.
0:10:35 > 0:10:38There's a straight road going up there.
0:10:38 > 0:10:41Hurrah! We found it. Very, very good.
0:10:41 > 0:10:43I've set the lads a navigational challenge -
0:10:43 > 0:10:46to link up with an old disused railway track
0:10:46 > 0:10:50which follows a line west of some mine workings.
0:10:50 > 0:10:53At a plantation of trees, I want them to head uphill.
0:10:53 > 0:10:55Now there are two paths to choose from,
0:10:55 > 0:10:58I want them to take the most easterly of the two
0:10:58 > 0:11:00and follow it up to a road.
0:11:00 > 0:11:02- Happy?- Yeah. Thank you.- Very good.
0:11:02 > 0:11:05I'll start you on your way - you're going up the bridle path.
0:11:05 > 0:11:07- Don't get lost, yeah? - LAUGHTER
0:11:07 > 0:11:09- Right, see you shortly.- Yeah.
0:11:09 > 0:11:13Our helicam is on hand to show how the map relates to the features on
0:11:13 > 0:11:17the ground along the seven and a half kilometre route.
0:11:17 > 0:11:19- Show me.- Do we follow that path?
0:11:19 > 0:11:24This public right of way allows them to walk through someone's farmyard.
0:11:24 > 0:11:28Then it's time to make sure they're still following the right route.
0:11:28 > 0:11:31Look for some more clues that'll tell us where we are.
0:11:31 > 0:11:32There's the...
0:11:32 > 0:11:35A good map-reading trick is to look for features on the ground
0:11:35 > 0:11:37that you can see on the map.
0:11:37 > 0:11:40Spot them and you know you're on the right track.
0:11:40 > 0:11:44The lads have identified a farm they can also see on the map.
0:11:44 > 0:11:46What are them houses down there, though?
0:11:46 > 0:11:50It's Craven Garth Farm. Look, we've just came from there.
0:11:50 > 0:11:51That's the road.
0:11:51 > 0:11:54Yeah, well spotted. This is the path.
0:11:54 > 0:11:56Must be the path.
0:11:56 > 0:11:59Our helicam tracks the boys as they follow a route
0:11:59 > 0:12:02which takes them one side of a steep faced valley -
0:12:02 > 0:12:04following the course of an old railway track that served
0:12:04 > 0:12:07the iron mining industry on this part of the moors.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11There's a sign here.
0:12:11 > 0:12:13Right, this is East Mines.
0:12:13 > 0:12:16It's not long before they reach a spectacular example
0:12:16 > 0:12:20of industrial archaeology in the shape of old kilns.
0:12:20 > 0:12:23These kilns are plainly visible on the map.
0:12:24 > 0:12:29The ground rises steeply as shown by tightly packed contour lines.
0:12:29 > 0:12:32And the helicam can rise high enough to see what the boys can't.
0:12:32 > 0:12:36A disused quarry and another old railway line that linked up with it.
0:12:38 > 0:12:41But there are other map features that can help the boys
0:12:41 > 0:12:43pinpoint their location.
0:12:43 > 0:12:45Florence Terrace. Look, just there.
0:12:48 > 0:12:50The real test, though, is coming up.
0:12:50 > 0:12:53Now, at the bottom of this hill there's a plantation
0:12:53 > 0:12:56and there there's a path that branches off to the right.
0:12:56 > 0:13:00That's the one I've told the boys to take, but it's overgrown
0:13:00 > 0:13:03and very tricky to spot, so it's going to be interesting to see
0:13:03 > 0:13:05if they notice it.
0:13:05 > 0:13:07We're on the High Gill now.
0:13:07 > 0:13:09Right, we've got a big decision to make.
0:13:09 > 0:13:10- Look how many trees are there. - Millions.
0:13:10 > 0:13:14The map features they're looking for are a plantation of coniferous trees
0:13:14 > 0:13:18and a path that runs down to Dale Head Farm where there's a tea shop.
0:13:18 > 0:13:21It's here where they need to turn right.
0:13:21 > 0:13:23There, Head Farm tea garden.
0:13:23 > 0:13:26They notice the path that runs down to the cafe...
0:13:26 > 0:13:27I really want a cup of tea.
0:13:27 > 0:13:31..but don't realise its significance as a landmark.
0:13:31 > 0:13:36They continue on the railway line. Now they're going the wrong way.
0:13:36 > 0:13:39- It has to be, though. - Right, we're lost.
0:13:39 > 0:13:42The boys realise they've gone wrong...
0:13:42 > 0:13:43Where else is there?
0:13:43 > 0:13:45Dale Head Farm is there.
0:13:46 > 0:13:47..check the map...
0:13:47 > 0:13:49It's there somewhere.
0:13:49 > 0:13:53..and retrace their steps back to the right path.
0:13:53 > 0:13:54We've just gone fully round.
0:13:54 > 0:13:59They now face a steep climb, where the path disappears in places.
0:13:59 > 0:14:03It's on the map, but it's not clearly visible on the ground.
0:14:03 > 0:14:08Come on, boys, we're soldiers. No pain...no gain.
0:14:08 > 0:14:09Now, at this point on the path,
0:14:09 > 0:14:12there's plenty potential for the boys to go wrong.
0:14:12 > 0:14:15One path very clearly defined continues up the hill,
0:14:15 > 0:14:16but it's the wrong one.
0:14:16 > 0:14:20The correct path goes off to the right, but you can see it's
0:14:20 > 0:14:23really overgrown and very difficult to spot.
0:14:23 > 0:14:27The map reading clue here is that there's a stream just there.
0:14:27 > 0:14:29The correct path crosses the stream
0:14:29 > 0:14:32whereas the incorrect path goes away from the stream.
0:14:32 > 0:14:35So if they're paying close attention
0:14:35 > 0:14:37they might just get it right.
0:14:37 > 0:14:38I'm guessing it's straight up there.
0:14:38 > 0:14:40Yeah, just follow the path.
0:14:40 > 0:14:45It's not surprising that the boys do indeed take the wrong path again.
0:14:45 > 0:14:48- Where are we?- Is it up here?
0:14:48 > 0:14:51But Fezzy eventually realises they've made a mistake.
0:14:51 > 0:14:53We need to take this route. You're taking the other route.
0:14:53 > 0:14:55- Show me, show me. - I'm taking the east side route.
0:14:55 > 0:14:58- Show me, show me, then. - We're taking the west side.
0:14:58 > 0:15:01Yeah, he's right. Look, we're taking that route.
0:15:01 > 0:15:05And he puts them back on the right route - on the easterly path
0:15:05 > 0:15:07that leads up to the roadside.
0:15:11 > 0:15:12Hey, guys, how's it going?
0:15:13 > 0:15:16- You made it. How was that? - Tiring.- Tiring.
0:15:16 > 0:15:18And what about the map reading? How did you find it?
0:15:18 > 0:15:19We made two major mistakes.
0:15:19 > 0:15:21We just took the wrong path.
0:15:21 > 0:15:24There was not much of a path to walk on, so we took the wrong path.
0:15:24 > 0:15:26Unless enough people are walking on it,
0:15:26 > 0:15:28it doesn't get trampled down. It's not that obvious.
0:15:28 > 0:15:31That's why you've got to look for geographical features
0:15:31 > 0:15:33and just any clues that you can pick up along the way.
0:15:33 > 0:15:36Next I want them to take a route across some
0:15:36 > 0:15:37heather covered moorland.
0:15:37 > 0:15:41This route involves moving from one map to another.
0:15:41 > 0:15:43Thankfully there's a way of linking them.
0:15:43 > 0:15:46Ordnance Survey maps are covered in a series of faint blue lines
0:15:46 > 0:15:48making up a grid.
0:15:48 > 0:15:51These lines are a kilometre apart and have numbers accompanying them
0:15:51 > 0:15:54which you'll find on the edges of the map.
0:15:54 > 0:15:56The numbers running left to right are called eastings,
0:15:56 > 0:15:59the ones running up and down are northings.
0:15:59 > 0:16:02You need to look where a route leaves one side of a map,
0:16:02 > 0:16:05note the relevant easting and northing
0:16:05 > 0:16:08and match them up on the second map.
0:16:08 > 0:16:11The back cover will show you which second map you need.
0:16:11 > 0:16:14In this case, it's OL27.
0:16:14 > 0:16:17You'll be coming up here. What does BP and BS stand for?
0:16:17 > 0:16:20- Is it a power station? - Good, good guess.
0:16:20 > 0:16:22It's not funnily enough in the middle of grass a petrol station.
0:16:22 > 0:16:25Look at the key. Remember you can always look these things up.
0:16:25 > 0:16:27Here's your key. Where's BP and BS?
0:16:27 > 0:16:29- Boundary post.- Boundary stone.
0:16:29 > 0:16:31Very good. I'm going to meet you at that road.
0:16:31 > 0:16:33- Good luck, guys. - See you later.
0:16:34 > 0:16:39The route now leads across an expanse of open moorland.
0:16:39 > 0:16:43Moors can make it very difficult to pinpoint exactly where you are
0:16:43 > 0:16:46because features can be few and far between.
0:16:46 > 0:16:49So you need to make a note of any that crop up on your route.
0:16:49 > 0:16:52In the lads' case, they know they're looking for a couple
0:16:52 > 0:16:53of boundary markers.
0:16:53 > 0:16:55That's a BS and this is the BP.
0:16:55 > 0:16:57Yeah, go on.
0:16:57 > 0:16:59Straight on.
0:17:00 > 0:17:02We need to head right somewhere, don't we?
0:17:02 > 0:17:04It's over there.
0:17:04 > 0:17:05As the mist starts to come in,
0:17:05 > 0:17:08the boys see the hills opposite where they need to turn right.
0:17:08 > 0:17:10Over there.
0:17:10 > 0:17:12Soon they move from one map to the other.
0:17:12 > 0:17:14We've passed a few streams
0:17:14 > 0:17:16when we came past that last stream over there.
0:17:16 > 0:17:22So coming off OL26, going on to OL27 map.
0:17:22 > 0:17:24It overlaps.
0:17:26 > 0:17:31And they're on the last leg to our final and very misty meeting point.
0:17:31 > 0:17:33- Well done.- Thank you.
0:17:33 > 0:17:36- Congratulations. Put it there. You made it.- I know.
0:17:36 > 0:17:40It's the end of a seven and a half kilometre walk that's taken
0:17:40 > 0:17:42the lads from a small sheltered hamlet
0:17:42 > 0:17:44to an exposed stretch of moorland.
0:17:44 > 0:17:47So what was the hardest thing today, do you think?
0:17:47 > 0:17:49I'd say we got lost twice, that was hard.
0:17:49 > 0:17:51We managed to get back on the right track.
0:17:51 > 0:17:53Plus you learn how to understand a map.
0:17:53 > 0:17:55Yeah, I can understand a map a lot better now.
0:17:55 > 0:17:57So, look, you should be very proud of yourselves.
0:17:57 > 0:18:00- You feel good? - ALL: Yeah.- Right, come on, let's go.
0:18:01 > 0:18:03Well, the lads did go wrong a couple of times,
0:18:03 > 0:18:05but they kept their wits about them.
0:18:05 > 0:18:08They worked out where they had made a mistake
0:18:08 > 0:18:10and they got back on track - and that's the key.
0:18:10 > 0:18:12If you keep checking where you are,
0:18:12 > 0:18:15and which direction you are going in, you won't go too far wrong.
0:18:22 > 0:18:24Today we're in the spectacular Yorkshire Dales,
0:18:24 > 0:18:28a National Park to the North of Leeds, in the Central Pennines.
0:18:29 > 0:18:31I'm with Isaac, Ruby and Eddie.
0:18:31 > 0:18:34They've been blindfolded for the last part of our journey,
0:18:34 > 0:18:37so they've no idea where they are.
0:18:37 > 0:18:40That's because I want them to use a map to identify their location
0:18:40 > 0:18:44and then follow a route that poses a tricky navigational challenge.
0:18:44 > 0:18:48It doesn't help that these 16-year-old A-level students
0:18:48 > 0:18:51are map reading novices, more used to finding their way round
0:18:51 > 0:18:54the streets of Leeds where they live.
0:18:54 > 0:18:56The road sign would tell them exactly where they are,
0:18:56 > 0:18:58but I'm keeping them the wrong side of it.
0:18:58 > 0:19:00They're going to have to use a bit of initiative to
0:19:00 > 0:19:02pinpoint their location.
0:19:02 > 0:19:03So have a good look around you,
0:19:03 > 0:19:06what can you see that we can find on this map?
0:19:06 > 0:19:09There's like some mountainous...
0:19:09 > 0:19:13Yeah, you can see some rocks up there, steep bit of a hill, exactly.
0:19:13 > 0:19:16We've got a vehicle coming past us which is on a...
0:19:16 > 0:19:18- Road.- Road, very good.
0:19:18 > 0:19:21We've got a few key things. Anything else?
0:19:21 > 0:19:23- What's the vehicle just gone over? - A bridge.
0:19:23 > 0:19:26- Bridge is over a...- Stream.
0:19:26 > 0:19:28We're somewhere on this section of map.
0:19:28 > 0:19:30Any idea where we could be?
0:19:30 > 0:19:33I'm looking for the bridge, I can't find the bridge
0:19:33 > 0:19:34It says something about...
0:19:35 > 0:19:39..Marsett Bridge there. Oh, and there's a telephone box.
0:19:39 > 0:19:42Can you see a telephone box? Very good, OK.
0:19:42 > 0:19:45They've made a good start and we know they're right.
0:19:45 > 0:19:48But I want them to work a bit harder to confirm it
0:19:48 > 0:19:50and I have something that can help them.
0:19:50 > 0:19:52I'm going to give you this.
0:19:52 > 0:19:54Compass.
0:19:54 > 0:19:57A compass allows us to identify which direction is north
0:19:57 > 0:20:01and maps are always drawn up with north at the top.
0:20:01 > 0:20:05Can you make the compass face north and then orientate the map
0:20:05 > 0:20:09so north on the map is north real life.
0:20:09 > 0:20:12There is a small difference between magnetic north
0:20:12 > 0:20:15as shown by the compass and grid north as shown on the map.
0:20:15 > 0:20:19But for this part of the task that difference isn't significant.
0:20:19 > 0:20:23Combining the map and compass allows the students to verify
0:20:23 > 0:20:26the relative positions of the features they've spotted.
0:20:26 > 0:20:28That's north.
0:20:28 > 0:20:29That's what we're looking at.
0:20:29 > 0:20:32So what's north of this bridge?
0:20:32 > 0:20:36You see those rocks around Sheepfold there?
0:20:36 > 0:20:38- Where would the stream be?- There.
0:20:38 > 0:20:41And the telephone box is on the other side of the stream.
0:20:41 > 0:20:44So you think we're where? What's it called?
0:20:44 > 0:20:47- Marsett Bridge.- Look at this.
0:20:50 > 0:20:53Gather round, let's look where you're going to go.
0:20:53 > 0:20:55I want them to follow a route that will take them up hill,
0:20:55 > 0:20:59past a farmhouse and through a succession of fields.
0:20:59 > 0:21:02At a crossroads they should keep on the same path
0:21:02 > 0:21:06and text me when they get to a clearly marked Roman Road.
0:21:06 > 0:21:08- Happy?- Yeah.- Happy.
0:21:08 > 0:21:10Right, off you go. Good luck. Don't get lost.
0:21:11 > 0:21:15Our helicam will help show how features on the ground are reflected
0:21:15 > 0:21:20on the 1 to 25,000 scale Ordnance Survey map the students are using.
0:21:20 > 0:21:23Right, we're on the footpath at least.
0:21:23 > 0:21:25The beginning is pretty straightforward,
0:21:25 > 0:21:27an easy walk up the hill.
0:21:27 > 0:21:30But a significant navigational challenge awaits them.
0:21:30 > 0:21:33The path leads straight up to a small farm house.
0:21:33 > 0:21:36At this point, it divides. To the left is quite an obvious path,
0:21:36 > 0:21:38but it's the wrong one.
0:21:38 > 0:21:42The correct path to the right is more difficult to spot
0:21:42 > 0:21:45and it leads steeply uphill to a small gate.
0:21:45 > 0:21:47- Do we go right now?- No, that way.
0:21:47 > 0:21:49Ah! Their first mistake -
0:21:49 > 0:21:52they've carried on straight instead of bearing right.
0:21:52 > 0:21:56- Why are we still walking? - Retreat!- Turn around.
0:21:56 > 0:21:59Then they make a series of errors because there are plenty of paths
0:21:59 > 0:22:03to choose from and they aren't following the map closely enough.
0:22:03 > 0:22:05This is someone's house.
0:22:05 > 0:22:07The correct path heads uphill
0:22:07 > 0:22:11and cuts through a wall due north of the corner of a farmhouse.
0:22:11 > 0:22:12They miss it several times...
0:22:12 > 0:22:14I think we should head back.
0:22:14 > 0:22:18..before Ruby eventually spots the correct route.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21- Is that a possible walkthrough gate? - Can you walk through there?
0:22:21 > 0:22:25Through trial and error, they're back on track.
0:22:26 > 0:22:27Public footpath.
0:22:29 > 0:22:31Follow the sheep.
0:22:32 > 0:22:36The contour lines on the map show they now face a steep walk
0:22:36 > 0:22:38although this part of the route is straightforward
0:22:38 > 0:22:40as regards navigation.
0:22:40 > 0:22:42This is where we cross the stream, we're there
0:22:42 > 0:22:45and then that gate is over there.
0:22:45 > 0:22:47The terrain, though, can be difficult in places,
0:22:47 > 0:22:49the right footwear is essential.
0:22:49 > 0:22:52- Oh, my God.- Nearly.
0:22:52 > 0:22:55The route goes through a series of walls marked by
0:22:55 > 0:22:59black lines on the map which helps them keep track of where they are.
0:22:59 > 0:23:01We've just gone through that wall there.
0:23:01 > 0:23:05- Yeah, I think so.- We just need to carry on.- Let's march.
0:23:08 > 0:23:10There's a sign at the crossroads,
0:23:10 > 0:23:12but it only indicates three directions,
0:23:12 > 0:23:14so they'll need to use their initiative
0:23:14 > 0:23:16and close scrutiny of the map.
0:23:16 > 0:23:19So does that mean this path just carries on straight ahead,
0:23:19 > 0:23:20but I can't see where it goes to.
0:23:20 > 0:23:23Just go up there and follow the road down.
0:23:25 > 0:23:27They've taken the wrong path.
0:23:27 > 0:23:30On the ground, the right route is hard to spot,
0:23:30 > 0:23:32but it's clearly visible from the air.
0:23:32 > 0:23:35Instead they've headed for the Roman Road on the clearly marked
0:23:35 > 0:23:40bridleway indicated by the signpost, ignoring their map.
0:23:40 > 0:23:45Then they turn right at the road, it's been an unnecessary detour.
0:23:45 > 0:23:48At least they think they've found the right meeting place.
0:23:48 > 0:23:52But I have a way of confirming it, using a GPS tracker
0:23:52 > 0:23:56which can give us our precise position via map co-ordinates.
0:23:56 > 0:23:58Here what we've got,
0:23:58 > 0:24:02these two numbers here, are grid references.
0:24:02 > 0:24:05These co-ordinates give us an exact location.
0:24:05 > 0:24:10For mapping purposes, the UK is divided into separate 100km squares.
0:24:10 > 0:24:13The letters in our co-ordinates tell us which one of these squares
0:24:13 > 0:24:16we're in, they can be found on the top of Ordnance Survey maps.
0:24:16 > 0:24:19In our case, it's SD.
0:24:19 > 0:24:23Each of these sections is then broken down into further 1km squares
0:24:23 > 0:24:27marked by blue lines on maps and referenced by numbers on the top
0:24:27 > 0:24:31of the map, called eastings and on the side which are called northings.
0:24:31 > 0:24:33Eastings always come first,
0:24:33 > 0:24:38in our case we have 88 referring to the major blue line then
0:24:38 > 0:24:42we hone in using decimal places with the 6, 2 and 3.
0:24:42 > 0:24:44We do a similar process with the northings
0:24:44 > 0:24:48and that gives us our exact location.
0:24:48 > 0:24:50GPS is very precise.
0:24:50 > 0:24:53In map reading we normally use a six-figure reference
0:24:53 > 0:24:58which in our case would be SD 886872.
0:24:58 > 0:25:01These six figure grid references locate a place to the nearest 100m.
0:25:01 > 0:25:04It would be very easy to follow that bridleway and come a little
0:25:04 > 0:25:07bit further along, but you've come out here, so well done.
0:25:07 > 0:25:10- Well, we did come out there. - Oh, you did.
0:25:10 > 0:25:13- And then we walked down here. - Oh, right, OK.
0:25:13 > 0:25:15Now there's one more leg to tackle.
0:25:15 > 0:25:19I want them to follow a path that takes them onto the Wether Fell.
0:25:19 > 0:25:22And then when they're due north of the highest point on the fell,
0:25:22 > 0:25:25marked by what's called a spot height which is in metres,
0:25:25 > 0:25:29I want them to use their compass and head south straight for the summit.
0:25:30 > 0:25:33Our final meeting point is a gate on the Roman Road.
0:25:35 > 0:25:37- It's kind of cold up here. - So dramatic.
0:25:37 > 0:25:38So I put my coat on.
0:25:38 > 0:25:42When they get onto the fell there's something they need to look out for.
0:25:42 > 0:25:44Now this footpath is a public right-of-way
0:25:44 > 0:25:47which means it is open to all people all times of the year.
0:25:47 > 0:25:52And this land just over here is what's called access land,
0:25:52 > 0:25:54it means you do have a right to roam across it
0:25:54 > 0:25:56whether there is a footpath or not.
0:25:56 > 0:26:00It's marked on a map with an orange boundary and a yellowish tint,
0:26:00 > 0:26:03however just occasionally there can be restrictions
0:26:03 > 0:26:06when there's no open access.
0:26:06 > 0:26:09Those restrictions will be displayed on a notice board locally like this,
0:26:09 > 0:26:12so it's really important that Isaac, Ruby
0:26:12 > 0:26:15and Eddie check this as they travel through.
0:26:15 > 0:26:18Restrictions are put in place for various reasons,
0:26:18 > 0:26:21including the protection of wild flowers or to avoid bird shoots.
0:26:21 > 0:26:23So we're just carrying straight on.
0:26:26 > 0:26:29Isaac, Eddie and Ruby totally ignore the notice board.
0:26:29 > 0:26:32Luckily there are no restrictions today.
0:26:32 > 0:26:34If there had been, straying off the footpath
0:26:34 > 0:26:37would mean they were trespassing.
0:26:37 > 0:26:41The path runs around the edge of the fell through a small disused quarry.
0:26:42 > 0:26:44The map gives them clues about
0:26:44 > 0:26:48where they need to head south directly towards the summit.
0:26:48 > 0:26:51It's close to where the wall deviates away from the path
0:26:51 > 0:26:53and just across a small stream.
0:26:54 > 0:26:57Will they be observant enough to spot this?
0:26:57 > 0:26:59We already passed a quarry, we're like...
0:26:59 > 0:27:01No, we've just gone past that because that's the spring.
0:27:01 > 0:27:05Yeah, cos the wall goes like that, which is that.
0:27:06 > 0:27:11- Well, apparently, north is that way. - So we need to go south.
0:27:11 > 0:27:13- Which way is south? - That way.
0:27:15 > 0:27:18They're now relying on the compass to navigate
0:27:18 > 0:27:20because the summit's hidden from view.
0:27:20 > 0:27:22It's a relatively short distance,
0:27:22 > 0:27:26so the difference between magnetic and grid north doesn't matter.
0:27:26 > 0:27:29Their main tasks are to keep following the compass
0:27:29 > 0:27:31and keep their footing on the very boggy ground.
0:27:31 > 0:27:34- LAUGHING - Can you not walk through it?
0:27:36 > 0:27:39They've followed the compass perfectly
0:27:39 > 0:27:42and reach the top of the hill directly in line with the summit
0:27:42 > 0:27:45which is marked on the map by a cairn, which is a pile of stones.
0:27:47 > 0:27:49Then it's a short distance downhill to end
0:27:49 > 0:27:53a four and a half kilometre walk in which they've got to grips with
0:27:53 > 0:27:55using a compass and map co-ordinates.
0:27:55 > 0:27:58- Hey, guys, how's it going?- Good.
0:27:58 > 0:28:00- Well done, you made it, this is the end.- We did it.
0:28:00 > 0:28:02- How does that feel?- Great.
0:28:02 > 0:28:05How did you find the last bit particularly,
0:28:05 > 0:28:07you know, navigating with a compass,
0:28:07 > 0:28:10no bridleways, no footpaths just open land?
0:28:10 > 0:28:13- It was weird, but it was really fun. - Yeah, that was the best bit.
0:28:13 > 0:28:15- Was it?- Yeah.- I suppose in some ways the most challenging
0:28:15 > 0:28:18- because you had to make sure you got your baring right.- Yeah.
0:28:18 > 0:28:21Just a little bit out and you could end up miles in the wrong place.
0:28:21 > 0:28:22Exactly.
0:28:22 > 0:28:25Well done. It was tough uphill work so come on then.
0:28:25 > 0:28:28Well, Ruby, Isaac and Eddie have done really well today,
0:28:28 > 0:28:30OK, a few mistakes near the beginning
0:28:30 > 0:28:32which got them a little bit lost,
0:28:32 > 0:28:36but when it came to using a compass to navigate across open land
0:28:36 > 0:28:40to a finish point they couldn't see, they absolutely nailed it.
0:28:40 > 0:28:42Brilliant stuff.
0:29:02 > 0:29:05Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd