Episode 48

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:00:02. > :00:12.revelation that sparked the Arab Spring.

:00:12. > :00:26.

:00:26. > :00:30.Now, it's time for Show Me The This is Show Me The Money, your

:00:30. > :00:38.weekly guide to who is making the money and what it means for the way

:00:38. > :00:45.we work. With me tonight, the chairman of BA and AA. He helps out

:00:45. > :00:50.at Berkeley's Bank and that is just for starters. Meanwhile, the woman

:00:50. > :00:54.behind nails Inc, and with a well- polished business on -- finger on

:00:54. > :00:58.the business Post, the business editor of the Sunday Telegraph.

:00:58. > :01:02.A strong Europe is in Britain's interests according to David

:01:02. > :01:07.Cameron. He was at a series of meetings to thrash out a solution

:01:07. > :01:14.to the Continent's debt crisis. They want to take three big steps

:01:14. > :01:18.all at once - cancelled part of Greece's debt, shore up Europe's

:01:18. > :01:28.banks, and increase the power of the emergency fund to protect the

:01:28. > :01:32.bigger countries like Italy. This is not exactly an on ambitious

:01:32. > :01:37.agenda we are trying to reach towards. If it is not ambitious

:01:37. > :01:41.enough for the markets. What the markets want to see and know is how

:01:41. > :01:46.do we stop having to go back with these bandied solutions, where we

:01:46. > :01:52.have more and more bail-out funds? And that means going to the

:01:52. > :01:56.fundamentals. The fundamentals mean, for the market, can you have a

:01:56. > :02:00.monetary union without a fiscal union. The most important thing

:02:00. > :02:05.that has happened today is a proposal for a single Treasury for

:02:05. > :02:10.the home of the Eurozone area. It is only by getting to that kind of

:02:10. > :02:13.fundamental solutions -- solution to the problems we have, where the

:02:14. > :02:17.peripheral nations are ordered to put their fiscal house in order,

:02:17. > :02:22.but the markets will be satisfied. So this stuff they have been

:02:22. > :02:26.talking about - the extra firepower for the emergency fund, the shoring

:02:26. > :02:31.up their capital reserves and the banks, probably all essential, but

:02:31. > :02:34.does not come close to answering the fundamental issue?

:02:34. > :02:39.absolutely. The markets will be satisfied for a period and we will

:02:39. > :02:42.be back here again in a few months talking about the same problems.

:02:42. > :02:49.You used to think that Britain should be part of the single

:02:49. > :02:53.currency. Do you still think that? No. I made the fundamental error of

:02:53. > :02:58.believing at the time that we were discussing the UK going into the

:02:58. > :03:03.common currency, that there would be an amount of discipline there,

:03:03. > :03:07.and that the Germans with nature -- nature discipline was applied. What

:03:07. > :03:12.it did was through the cheque book at Greece and Portugal and Ireland.

:03:12. > :03:15.And now they are having to pay the price. I am pleased we were not in

:03:15. > :03:21.their. But why I was for it was because I thought we would get some

:03:21. > :03:25.fiscal discipline, exactly the opposite happened. So, the euro as

:03:25. > :03:30.a straitjacket for all dura's economies? He yes, I just thought

:03:30. > :03:35.it would force governments to work within the fiscal rules. And I

:03:35. > :03:41.think it was the Germans who broke the rules first. You now think that

:03:42. > :03:47.if Britain should not be part of the single currency, in all

:03:47. > :03:53.circumstances, for all time? Yes. I think in my lifetime, in my

:03:53. > :03:57.lifetime I just cannot imagine it. And as we have just said now, there

:03:57. > :04:04.has to be a close to Europe. And I do not think there is any appetite

:04:04. > :04:08.in this country for that. What does this do for people who are running

:04:08. > :04:12.businesses on a daily basis? When you see the political discussions

:04:12. > :04:17.and the indecision on the Continent, dock at her sure business? Does it

:04:17. > :04:24.hurt the businesses you deal with? From a UK business point of view,

:04:24. > :04:28.we are a consumer facing business so it will affect foot fall and

:04:28. > :04:32.customers become nervous of spending money. You have to be able

:04:32. > :04:38.to work in that environment, that climate. How do you manage? We are

:04:38. > :04:46.very lucky, that the tea industry tends to survive downturns. And

:04:46. > :04:51.nail polish has been... Consumers are all too often looking for a

:04:51. > :04:54.pick me up, and beauty survives well. Do you make assumptions of

:04:54. > :04:59.what consumers are now likely to spend? Do you think people will

:04:59. > :05:03.spend less in the next six months? Absolutely. Going into the

:05:03. > :05:06.Christmas period you have to be able to offer great value offers

:05:06. > :05:13.for customers, and you have to tap into the market at what customers

:05:13. > :05:17.are thinking. And be aware of how spending is affected. I was going

:05:17. > :05:20.to ask, what happens if they do not reach an agreement? But from what

:05:20. > :05:24.you were saying it suggests that even if they do, it is not enough.

:05:24. > :05:27.I think they will reach an agreement of some description.

:05:27. > :05:32.Angela Merkel has had to put off the summit agreement because she

:05:32. > :05:35.has to go back to her Parliament to get agreement to that, after the

:05:35. > :05:41.constitutional court made its order that she had to go back more

:05:41. > :05:45.regularly than she had been doing. I'm sure there will be the

:05:45. > :05:51.political need for an agreement, it is absolutely vital. So there will

:05:51. > :05:55.be an agreement. It will not be enough, it will buy some time.

:05:55. > :06:00.for be more bust. A quick flick through some of the essential story

:06:00. > :06:08.she may have missed this week. This is how they are trying to

:06:08. > :06:15.solve bad drive think in Venezuela. With white gloves, they are wagging

:06:15. > :06:23.their fingers at offending motorists.

:06:24. > :06:28.20 years after it was scrapped,... In the old days, Scout's knocked on

:06:28. > :06:35.your door at offering to do things for a small payment. That was

:06:35. > :06:41.abandoned in 1992. And people in Paris who are

:06:41. > :06:46.exhausted from walking their dogs are flocking to sneak bars, her you

:06:46. > :06:51.have to pay to have an that. People behind the idea say it is appealing

:06:51. > :07:01.for those with high-pressure jobs. 45 minutes of sleep will cost you

:07:01. > :07:02.

:07:02. > :07:06.around �22, or 200 French francs, when they come back.

:07:06. > :07:11.Venezuela first. We thought this was a nice example of unusual ways

:07:11. > :07:16.of solving problems. What it shows is about trying to be disruptive,

:07:16. > :07:20.too do something in the market, the market of road safety, in the

:07:20. > :07:25.market that people think, I did not expect that. It is quite

:07:25. > :07:30.interesting. We were talking about it before we came on. If you

:07:30. > :07:33.imagine someone saying, how will I advertise my airline? By saying it

:07:33. > :07:39.will be very cheap. You might have to pay for the toilets and why do

:07:39. > :07:45.you not stand up. Everyone would think you were mad. And how about

:07:45. > :07:51.having a spread, where you would say, half people -- half of people

:07:51. > :07:55.will hate this? Marmite has promoted the idea really well. It

:07:55. > :08:01.is about the idea of disrupting how people think about what you were

:08:01. > :08:05.doing. And I think that the clowns, I would have thought if you were

:08:05. > :08:11.driving along and use of a clown, you would crash into the car in

:08:11. > :08:15.front. That is a whole other thing that we might need to check up on!

:08:15. > :08:22.And solving problems in unusual ways. Have you had to do that?

:08:22. > :08:26.Certainly. And I think when you are a relatively young company or a

:08:26. > :08:31.start-up company, having to stand out from the crowd and get yourself

:08:31. > :08:35.noticed is vital. I do not imagine you could have clowns guiding in

:08:35. > :08:41.aeroplanes when they come to land at Edinburgh or Heathrow. I hope

:08:41. > :08:45.not! And I hope people do not think we have plans to do that! But

:08:45. > :08:54.disruptive technology is a thing that is quite amazing. Accompany I

:08:54. > :09:00.shared a few years ago, it invented a brand new way... It rendered just

:09:00. > :09:10.about every other process in the world related to that redundant.

:09:10. > :09:12.

:09:12. > :09:15.Were you ever in the Scouts? Yes. I think a bog is worth a shilling, 5p.

:09:15. > :09:20.Is this a way of teaching youngsters about the world of work?

:09:20. > :09:25.Yes, I think so. It has everything. It is entrepreneurial, you have to

:09:25. > :09:30.charge what you can and what people will give. It is marketing, you

:09:30. > :09:34.have to market yourself. There is so little in schools taught about

:09:34. > :09:39.business, and the way that business runs. I think it is a great idea. I

:09:39. > :09:45.certainly learned a lot. I had doors slammed in my face, I cleaned

:09:45. > :09:49.cars, I did all sorts of things. What was the worst thing? Let me

:09:49. > :09:55.think. Having a door slammed in my face probably. It does not do a lot

:09:55. > :10:00.for your self-esteem. Were either of you in the Scouts and Guides?

:10:00. > :10:06.Yes, it is fantastic to teach young people are an alternative to school

:10:06. > :10:10.as well. What is the worst job you do it I'd do not think we did that.

:10:10. > :10:15.The Brownies was all about has been generally all nice to people. You

:10:15. > :10:21.just had to do nice things. It was not about earning money. There is a

:10:21. > :10:28.lot of talk about this being a voluntary and community based thing.

:10:28. > :10:31.I agree -- I agree. My son is in the beavers. My daughter is 11 and

:10:31. > :10:35.was not in the Brownies or their guides. But my daughter knows the

:10:35. > :10:39.kings and queens of England through her history lessons but has never

:10:39. > :10:44.met a business person, and has only been told about the notion of

:10:44. > :10:48.entrepreneurial spirit. I think it is a great idea to bring this in.

:10:48. > :10:52.And I hope that my son will be able to go, maybe not to get doors

:10:52. > :10:57.slammed in his face, but clean a few cars and maybe get some money

:10:57. > :11:01.in his pocket. So many businesses are started by people who were

:11:01. > :11:07.thinking about it at a very young age. May be at university or even

:11:07. > :11:14.at school. I think it is really important. In this age, there is an

:11:14. > :11:21.anti-business sentiment. I think it is a great idea. For the Parisian

:11:21. > :11:28.sleek bars. A quick thought about how to deal with stress. Well, work

:11:28. > :11:37.a little less hard! Paddy Ashdown apparently did it in the back of

:11:37. > :11:40.cars for 10 minutes, went to sleep. When I was running my business, a

:11:40. > :11:44.used to try not to have any appointments on a Friday because I

:11:44. > :11:48.wanted a day to think. I think people do not think enough. They

:11:48. > :11:55.are in action all the time, they are travelling. I think sometimes

:11:55. > :12:00.it is a good idea to think. Of course, you don't. Appointments

:12:00. > :12:09.happen. But in theory, you should not be booked up every day. Friday

:12:09. > :12:12.is a nice day to do it. Her yes. Let's talk about the Airports.

:12:12. > :12:19.Heathrow, first of all. It has ground to a halt at various points

:12:19. > :12:26.last year. Have you got more de- icer Int? We were never short of

:12:26. > :12:31.de-icer?! It was a combination of this no wonder frost. We took it

:12:31. > :12:38.very seriously. It was not our finest hour. We accepted that, and

:12:38. > :12:44.we got a report done that we actually publish. It was put on our

:12:44. > :12:48.website. And there were 30 or 40 points, may need to do with

:12:49. > :12:52.communication with passengers. I went round the airport during that

:12:52. > :12:56.period. The real issue was that we did not know what was happening, we

:12:56. > :13:00.have to get better at. But we also have to get better at co-ordinating

:13:00. > :13:04.the baggage handlers and getting this no out from underneath the

:13:04. > :13:09.aircraft. We have had an awful lot of work put in training, we have

:13:09. > :13:12.had scenario planning, we have done a lot. We are hoping we will not

:13:12. > :13:18.have such a bad combination of weather this year. What we are

:13:18. > :13:23.better prepared. Did you introduce yourself to passengers? I did.

:13:23. > :13:27.bet they were not shy in letting you know what they thought.

:13:27. > :13:30.Surprisingly, they understood the issue. They understood that the

:13:30. > :13:40.weather was appalling. What they did not understand was why people

:13:40. > :13:41.

:13:41. > :13:45.were not telling them anything. That was the real issue. We have

:13:45. > :13:49.somebody who is absolutely responsible. It is co-ordination

:13:49. > :13:54.between the airlines, with the trafficker. People actually getting

:13:54. > :13:58.to the airport. A lot of this stuff is outside our control. But people

:13:58. > :14:02.are not interested in that. They want to get on their holidays, so

:14:02. > :14:09.we had sat down with everybody and asked how we will make it work

:14:09. > :14:13.Edinburgh airport is up for sale because the competition watchdog

:14:13. > :14:17.said you had to sell Glasgow or Edinburgh and everyone thought she

:14:17. > :14:21.would sell Glasgow. It was a tough decision. We decided we would sell

:14:21. > :14:25.Edinburgh because it is a growing airport and in the circumstances

:14:25. > :14:31.that we had to sell one in these economic times it was the better

:14:31. > :14:35.airport to sell. Steve Ridgeway the boss of Virgin Airlines was in the

:14:35. > :14:39.seat last week and was talking about Heathrow been a bit cramped

:14:39. > :14:42.and it would stay that way because it is not getting the extra runway

:14:42. > :14:48.that you and he and the other airlines wanted. Are we stuck with

:14:48. > :14:52.that? It was in the Conservative manifesto, there would be no more

:14:52. > :14:56.runway capacity in the south-east, so we have to accept it is

:14:56. > :15:00.government policy. We think it is wrong, we have to accept it. And we

:15:00. > :15:05.have to work at being more efficient in the airport, but it is

:15:05. > :15:09.full. We are going to lose out to Charles de Gaulle, she poll,

:15:10. > :15:13.Frankfurt. We are not going to have the flight to China and India and

:15:13. > :15:22.South America that these airports have and London will lose out. What

:15:22. > :15:26.we voted for is for us to lose a share of the aviation market. And

:15:26. > :15:31.in a time when we need economic growth, the aviation industry is a

:15:31. > :15:35.driver of growth, so that is a tragedy. You are politically well-

:15:35. > :15:40.connected, particularly with the conservative side of the political

:15:40. > :15:44.argument. When did the Conservative Party becomes the party opposed to

:15:44. > :15:48.growth in one of Britain's premier industries? A I think it was at a

:15:48. > :15:52.period before the last election. I think there was a view that this

:15:53. > :15:58.was a very green policy and therefore they thought that this

:15:58. > :16:03.would be a vote winner. I don't know what the master Nations of the

:16:03. > :16:08.Conservative Party are, but unless you stop people flying around the

:16:08. > :16:11.world from Frankfurt or Charles de Gaulle, it has no affect on the

:16:11. > :16:16.climate the tall, because more flying will take place, but just

:16:16. > :16:20.not at Heathrow. The issue for Heathrow is that it is full and you

:16:20. > :16:24.would not have it there if you were starting afresh but it is a hub

:16:24. > :16:30.airport. We have to make a decision and I think the decision would be

:16:30. > :16:36.to build a third runway. I think looking 30 or 40 years down the

:16:36. > :16:41.line, you have to start looking for something else. Do you go through

:16:41. > :16:45.like all the other passengers? could do, but I imagine there will

:16:45. > :16:50.be some horrible journalist lurking around or somebody with a camera

:16:50. > :16:53.seen me go through the other way, so I always go through like all the

:16:53. > :16:59.other passengers and it teaches me a bit about what is happening in

:16:59. > :17:04.the airport. Has anyone ever complained about being taking our

:17:04. > :17:09.shoes off? Has anyone ever explain the there? Some of it is a

:17:09. > :17:12.requirement of the government. They have the Government's standards and

:17:12. > :17:16.we have to conform to it. I think we'll get better technology that

:17:16. > :17:20.doesn't make us do that, and I think that's right, but we have to

:17:20. > :17:24.comply with these regulations, it is not just Heathrow making it

:17:24. > :17:28.difficult for people. Sir Nigel Rudd, you will see him in an

:17:28. > :17:32.airport queue me. How much should we rely on small companies to

:17:32. > :17:36.revive from the economy? A report from the CBI is expected to say

:17:36. > :17:41.quite a lot, but they need more help and money from the banks and

:17:41. > :17:46.other sources of finance. When you started your business, where did

:17:46. > :17:50.you get the funding from? Private individuals. Because you went to

:17:50. > :17:55.the banks and they slammed the door in your face? When we first started

:17:55. > :18:00.we got an unsecured loan from a bank to tide us over what we set up

:18:00. > :18:03.the business, but then we went out to private individuals. And those

:18:03. > :18:07.individuals who back you, are they still backing you or have they had

:18:07. > :18:11.their money back and have retired happy? They are still backing us.

:18:11. > :18:17.How big a problem is it that so many businesses say they cannot get

:18:17. > :18:21.the money that they want? For the right idea there is always money

:18:21. > :18:27.out there and I think a lot of businesses start out, as we did,

:18:27. > :18:30.with private individuals and then go out and get other money. It is

:18:30. > :18:34.difficult for venture capitalists to back a start-up because they

:18:34. > :18:38.like to come in at the second or third stage, so it is about trying

:18:38. > :18:41.to find individuals when you start. It is an awful lot to ask

:18:41. > :18:49.entrepreneurs and small businesses that they will be the engine of

:18:49. > :18:55.recovery. BT's, and the shoot in the environment that we are in, the

:18:55. > :18:57.notion of starting now -- then notion of starting now is a

:18:57. > :19:01.difficult one. The whole argument from the banks about whether they

:19:01. > :19:08.are lending enough, the banks are say there is not enough demand out

:19:08. > :19:13.there for us to lend to. At one level, you would not go to banks or

:19:13. > :19:16.finance because they are not the most efficient way and you would go

:19:16. > :19:20.to venture capitalists as your first start-up. But the demand will

:19:20. > :19:25.not be there until we see growth ticking back into the economy, that

:19:26. > :19:32.demand will be very low. You what chairman of the Business Growth

:19:32. > :19:36.Fund. In 20 seconds, what is it and how to get the money? It is �2.5

:19:37. > :19:40.billion that have been put in by the Bank -- banks and is for

:19:40. > :19:46.investing in small companies, not start-ups, but companies up and

:19:47. > :19:50.running at need more capital, permanent capital to expand. You

:19:50. > :19:54.can look at our website. We are very keen to do business and we

:19:54. > :19:58.have a lot of companies and we have seen a lot of really good small

:19:58. > :20:03.companies come to us and that is encouraging as well in all sorts of

:20:03. > :20:09.areas like media to manufacturing. Look, website and put in an

:20:09. > :20:12.application. Thanks to all of you. The Chinese economy has slowed down

:20:12. > :20:15.and is only growing at 9% a year, but when we think about doing

:20:15. > :20:19.business with China we think about going over there or buying stuff

:20:19. > :20:27.made over there. The next new thing for business could be lots of

:20:27. > :20:32.Chinese people coming over here. That is as tourists. If we find out

:20:33. > :20:36.how the shops are getting ready for them. -- Lucy Barnett is going to

:20:36. > :20:41.find out how the shops are getting ready for them. London's West End

:20:41. > :20:44.has always attracted the more discerning shopper. And that luxury

:20:44. > :20:51.stores, there has long been an appeal to international visitors.

:20:51. > :20:55.But at the moment it is the Chinese tourists who are splashing the cash.

:20:55. > :20:59.Since 2008 there has been a cool 450 % growth in Chinese spending

:20:59. > :21:04.instruct -- shops like these. In less than four years' time, the

:21:04. > :21:08.Chinese will be the world's largest consumer of luxury goods. If you or

:21:08. > :21:12.I were to go on a big shopping spree we would spend on average

:21:12. > :21:17.about �120 per trip, when the Chinese come to town, they are

:21:17. > :21:22.spending at least �800 a time. have become more similar to us,

:21:22. > :21:25.meaning they have a lot of class variation. China used to be one of

:21:25. > :21:28.the most egalitarian societies on the planet but the problem was

:21:28. > :21:34.everybody was relatively poor and had the same amount of nothing. Now

:21:34. > :21:38.it has become one of the most unequal societies in the world, and

:21:38. > :21:42.there are lots of people in between. On the one hand, China has

:21:42. > :21:48.desperately poor people in hundreds of millions but also a large and

:21:48. > :21:52.growing middle-class. That middle- class ones the same things we want.

:21:52. > :21:59.This sterling silver ice bucket. How can British stores capitalise

:21:59. > :22:02.on that kind of spending power? are advertising in far eastern

:22:02. > :22:09.locations and we take roadshows to different parts of the world. We

:22:09. > :22:16.were in Kuala Lumpur last week, doing an exhibition there. Because

:22:16. > :22:21.we are a small company and very specialised, the best way for us to

:22:21. > :22:26.advertises to get people to come and pick up the product, feel, see,

:22:26. > :22:29.touch, get to know the quality and then we can explain it to them.

:22:29. > :22:33.Some of London's larger department stores have employed Mandarin

:22:33. > :22:37.speaking assistance to help Chinese shoppers make the special purchases.

:22:37. > :22:47.And some businesses have installed machines that except the Chinese

:22:47. > :23:01.

:23:01. > :23:06.Here at the Ritz they have seen a huge rise in a number of Chinese

:23:06. > :23:09.guests staying over the last couple of years. With me Steven Vauxhall,

:23:09. > :23:15.the managing director, who recently installed the Chinese union pay

:23:15. > :23:18.terminals. Must have been a bit of a no poet -- Brega. Completely. We

:23:18. > :23:25.have seen charlie increase threefold from China in the last

:23:25. > :23:29.couple of years, so to have union Pay installed was the right

:23:29. > :23:33.direction. We are keen to get lots of tourists in, competing with

:23:33. > :23:38.Paris, Rome, Madrid. What can the government do to help us get the

:23:38. > :23:42.Chinese tourists in? The government has to help us out. The visa and

:23:42. > :23:47.travel restrictions imposed on the Chinese market are terrible. We are

:23:47. > :23:51.crying out for business. The hospitality industry contributes

:23:51. > :23:56.billions. So, as wealthy Chinese tourists take the place of

:23:56. > :24:04.overspend Westerners on London's most exclusive areas, shops and

:24:04. > :24:07.hotels must learn to accommodate their every need. If your business

:24:07. > :24:13.is hunger for cash, you might be interested in the next guest. John

:24:13. > :24:16.Jenkins finance firms last year. Or you could do what Sally pressure