0:00:06 > 0:00:09August 4th 1964.
0:00:09 > 0:00:13"My subject is war and the pity of war.
0:00:13 > 0:00:15"The poetry is in the pity.
0:00:15 > 0:00:18"All a poet can do today is warn."
0:00:20 > 0:00:23The words of Wilfred Owen, chosen by Benjamin Britten
0:00:23 > 0:00:25to preface the score of his War Requiem,
0:00:25 > 0:00:27which is being performed tonight in the Royal Albert Hall
0:00:27 > 0:00:30to commemorate the outbreak of the First World War
0:00:30 > 0:00:3450 years ago today, on August 4th 1914.
0:00:35 > 0:00:37It was in loving memory
0:00:37 > 0:00:42of four young friends killed in the war of 1939-'45
0:00:42 > 0:00:45that Benjamin Britten composed his War Requiem
0:00:45 > 0:00:48for the inauguration of Coventry Cathedral in 1962,
0:00:48 > 0:00:52an event which in so many ways was an act of reconciliation
0:00:52 > 0:00:54after the death and destruction of war.
0:00:55 > 0:00:58In this great work - some have called it his masterpiece,
0:00:58 > 0:01:01others have likened it in its immense popular impact already
0:01:02 > 0:01:03to The Messiah -
0:01:03 > 0:01:06Britten gives the universal theme of death
0:01:06 > 0:01:08as expressed in the litany of the church
0:01:08 > 0:01:11a terrifying relevance to life today
0:01:11 > 0:01:14by setting against the Latin requiem mass
0:01:14 > 0:01:16a number of the poems of Wilfred Owen,
0:01:16 > 0:01:20whose work and whose life as a soldier poet of the First World War
0:01:20 > 0:01:21many of you will have heard about
0:01:21 > 0:01:23in the programme which preceded this one.
0:01:25 > 0:01:28The futility of man murdering man, Owen's bitter theme,
0:01:28 > 0:01:32was given especial poignancy at that performance in Coventry Cathedral
0:01:32 > 0:01:35when the part of the tenor soldier was sung by Peter Pears
0:01:35 > 0:01:39and the baritone soldier was Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau,
0:01:39 > 0:01:41the great German baritone.
0:01:41 > 0:01:44"I was the enemy who killed my friend."
0:01:45 > 0:01:47The requiem's a complex work,
0:01:47 > 0:01:49but somehow it hardly needs any explanation.
0:01:49 > 0:01:51But if you're hearing it for the first time,
0:01:51 > 0:01:52a few pointers may be helpful.
0:01:53 > 0:01:56Against the processional solemnity and the church bells
0:01:56 > 0:01:58of the opening movement,
0:01:58 > 0:02:02Requiem Aeternam, "Eternal rest grant them, O Lord,"
0:02:02 > 0:02:05is set the sardonic comment of Owen's sonnet,
0:02:05 > 0:02:10"What passing bells for those who die as cattle?"
0:02:10 > 0:02:13In the Dies Irae, the church speaks of the terrors
0:02:13 > 0:02:14of the Day of Judgement,
0:02:14 > 0:02:17but the two soldiers think of the terrible and violent death
0:02:17 > 0:02:19which could come to them tomorrow.
0:02:19 > 0:02:22"Bugles sang, saddening the evening air."
0:02:23 > 0:02:26The Offertorium is a Latin prayer for deliverance,
0:02:26 > 0:02:28and against this we have Owen's poem
0:02:28 > 0:02:32which tells of Abraham's offering of the young Isaac,
0:02:32 > 0:02:34only in this case,
0:02:34 > 0:02:39the offer of God to substitute the ram of pride is not accepted,
0:02:39 > 0:02:43and the result is the wilful slaying
0:02:43 > 0:02:45of half the seed of Europe, one by one.
0:02:47 > 0:02:48In the Sanctus which now follows,
0:02:48 > 0:02:50the contrast between the serenity of the mass -
0:02:50 > 0:02:53"Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Sabaoth" -
0:02:53 > 0:02:55and the bitterness of immediate experience -
0:02:55 > 0:02:58"My fiery heart shrinks, aching. It is death" -
0:02:58 > 0:03:02is perhaps felt most acutely of all.
0:03:02 > 0:03:04The Agnus Dei, "O lamb of God,
0:03:04 > 0:03:06"that takest away the sins of the world,"
0:03:06 > 0:03:10is grimly echoed with Owen's 20th-century picture of Christ,
0:03:10 > 0:03:14"One ever hangs where shelled roads part".
0:03:14 > 0:03:17And finally, the wonderful poem Strange Meeting,
0:03:17 > 0:03:19"It seemed that out of battle I escaped,"
0:03:19 > 0:03:22takes the soldiers into a place of reconciliation.
0:03:22 > 0:03:26"'Strange friend,' I said, "'here is no cause to mourn.'"
0:03:26 > 0:03:30And to the final benediction of peace, "Let us sleep now,"
0:03:30 > 0:03:33as the closing words of the requiem mass are uttered,
0:03:33 > 0:03:36"Requiescant in pace," "May they rest in peace. Amen."
0:03:38 > 0:03:43The mass itself is scored for soprano soloist, full chorus and orchestra,
0:03:43 > 0:03:46the poems for two male soloists and a chamber orchestra.
0:03:46 > 0:03:48And there's a third element,
0:03:48 > 0:03:50a chorus of boys' voices with organ accompaniment,
0:03:50 > 0:03:53which suggests a world of innocence and peace
0:03:53 > 0:03:56which is remote indeed from the battlefield of men.
0:03:57 > 0:04:01Two of tonight's soloists took part in the first performance at Coventry,
0:04:01 > 0:04:03the soprano Heather Harper and the tenor Peter Pears.
0:04:03 > 0:04:05The third is the baritone Thomas Hemsley,
0:04:05 > 0:04:09who has, strangely, spent much of his professional career in Germany.
0:04:09 > 0:04:12The chamber orchestra, the Melos Ensemble, leader Emmanuel Hurwitz,
0:04:13 > 0:04:14is conducted by Benjamin Britten.
0:04:15 > 0:04:19The others taking part are the BBC Chorus and Choral Society,
0:04:19 > 0:04:21the boys from Emanuel School, conductor Christian Strover,
0:04:21 > 0:04:24the London Philharmonic Choir, conductor Frederic Jackson,
0:04:25 > 0:04:27Simon Preston, who plays the organ and the chamber organ,
0:04:27 > 0:04:30and the BBC Symphony Orchestra, leader Hugh Maguire,
0:04:30 > 0:04:32conducted by Meredith Davies.
0:04:53 > 0:04:54APPLAUSE
0:04:55 > 0:05:01Now here is the leader of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, Hugh Maguire.
0:05:27 > 0:05:28APPLAUSE
0:05:32 > 0:05:33Now, here are the soloists.
0:05:33 > 0:05:35First, Thomas Hemsley
0:05:35 > 0:05:38followed by Peter Pears.
0:05:44 > 0:05:45Benjamin Britten,
0:05:45 > 0:05:47who will conduct the Melos Ensemble,
0:05:47 > 0:05:49and Meredith Davies.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54Benjamin Britten, they are applauding.
0:06:02 > 0:06:05War Requiem by Benjamin Britten.
0:06:05 > 0:06:09"My subject is war and the pity of war."
0:06:11 > 0:06:15Requiem Aeternam. Eternal rest, grant them, O Lord.
0:06:49 > 0:06:54# Requiem, requiem Requiem aeternam
0:06:54 > 0:06:57# Requiem aeternam
0:07:10 > 0:07:16# Requiem, requiem Requiem aeternam
0:07:16 > 0:07:18# Requiem aeternam
0:07:40 > 0:07:47# Requiem aeternam Dona eis, Domine
0:07:57 > 0:08:01# Dona eis, Domine
0:08:04 > 0:08:08# Dona eis, Domine
0:08:33 > 0:08:38# Et lux perpetua Perpetua
0:08:38 > 0:08:41# Et lux perpetua Perpetua
0:08:41 > 0:08:44# Luceat eis
0:08:44 > 0:08:48# Luceat eis
0:08:57 > 0:09:00# Requiem aeternam
0:09:04 > 0:09:08# Done eis, Domine
0:09:24 > 0:09:29# Et lux perpetua
0:09:29 > 0:09:33# Luceat eis
0:09:46 > 0:09:54# Te decet hymnus Deus in Sion
0:09:54 > 0:10:01# Te decet hymnus Deus in Sion
0:10:02 > 0:10:10# Et tibi reddetur votum in Jerusalem
0:10:10 > 0:10:17# Et tibi reddetur votum in Jerusalem
0:10:18 > 0:10:25# Exaudi orationem meam
0:10:25 > 0:10:31# Exaudi orationem meam
0:10:31 > 0:10:36# Ad te omnis caro veniet
0:10:36 > 0:10:41# Ad te omnis caro veniet
0:10:52 > 0:10:58# Requiem, requiem Requiem aeternam
0:11:19 > 0:11:26# Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine
0:11:45 > 0:11:48# Et lux perpetua
0:11:51 > 0:11:55# Luceat eis
0:12:17 > 0:12:21# Requiem aeternam
0:12:23 > 0:12:28# Dona eis, Domine
0:12:33 > 0:12:40# What passing bells for these who die as cattle?
0:12:43 > 0:12:46# Only the monstrous anger of the guns
0:12:49 > 0:12:53# Only the stuttering rifles' rapid rattle
0:12:53 > 0:12:57# Can patter out their hasty orisons
0:12:59 > 0:13:06# No mockeries for them from prayers or bells
0:13:08 > 0:13:13# Nor any voice of mourning save the choirs
0:13:13 > 0:13:19# The shrill, demented choirs of wailing shells
0:13:22 > 0:13:28# And bugles calling for them from sad shires
0:13:30 > 0:13:38# What candles may be held to speed them all?
0:13:44 > 0:13:46# Not in the hands of boys
0:13:51 > 0:13:59# But in their eyes shall shine the holy glimmers of goodbyes
0:14:03 > 0:14:08# The pallor of girls' brows shall be their pall
0:14:13 > 0:14:19# Their flowers The tenderness of silent minds
0:14:29 > 0:14:42# And each slow dusk a drawing down of blinds
0:14:54 > 0:15:10# Kyrie eleison
0:15:14 > 0:15:28# Christe eleison
0:15:33 > 0:15:57# Kyrie eleison. #
0:16:02 > 0:16:05In the Dies Irae, the Latin speaks of the terror of mankind
0:16:05 > 0:16:08on the Day of Judgement and pleads to Christ for mercy.
0:16:08 > 0:16:11But the soldiers speak of fears on the eve of battle.
0:16:11 > 0:16:14Though, "Death," they say, "was never enemy of ours."
0:16:14 > 0:16:17They call on the great gun to destroy evil and, finally,
0:16:17 > 0:16:20the tenor sings of intense grief at the death of a comrade,
0:16:20 > 0:16:23"Move him gently into the sun."
0:16:23 > 0:16:25Dies Irae.
0:17:12 > 0:17:15# Dies irae
0:17:15 > 0:17:18# Dies illa
0:17:18 > 0:17:22# Solvet saeclum in favilla
0:17:22 > 0:17:28# Teste David cum Sibylla
0:17:28 > 0:17:30# Teste David cum Sibylla
0:18:09 > 0:18:14# Quantus tremor est futurus
0:18:14 > 0:18:19# Quando Judex est venturus
0:18:19 > 0:18:24# Cuncta stricte discussurus
0:18:24 > 0:18:27# Cuncta stricte discussurus!
0:19:06 > 0:19:11# Tuba mirum spargens sonum
0:19:11 > 0:19:16# Per sepulchra regionum
0:19:16 > 0:19:21# Coget omnes ante thronum
0:19:21 > 0:19:24# Coget omnes ante thronum
0:19:24 > 0:19:26# Coget omnes ante thronum
0:20:00 > 0:20:06# Mors stupebit et natura
0:20:06 > 0:20:13# Cum resurget creatura
0:20:13 > 0:20:18# Judicanti responsura
0:20:18 > 0:20:24# Judicanti responsura Judicanti responsura
0:20:42 > 0:20:52# Bugles sang saddening the evening air
0:20:55 > 0:21:08# And bugles answered sorrowful to hear
0:21:18 > 0:21:27# Bugles sang Bugles sang
0:21:29 > 0:21:37# Voices of boys were by the river side
0:21:37 > 0:21:47# Sleep mothered them and left the twilight sad
0:21:47 > 0:21:56# The shadow of the morrow weighed on men
0:22:07 > 0:22:12# Bugles sang
0:22:16 > 0:22:24# Voices of old despondency resigned
0:22:24 > 0:22:26# Resigned
0:22:26 > 0:22:32# Bowed by the shadow
0:22:32 > 0:22:38# Shadow of the morrow
0:22:45 > 0:22:50# Slept
0:23:00 > 0:23:08# Liber scriptus proferetur
0:23:08 > 0:23:15# In quo totum continetur
0:23:15 > 0:23:21# Unde mundus judicetur
0:23:24 > 0:23:31# Judex ergo cum sedebit
0:23:31 > 0:23:40# Quidquid latet, apparebut
0:23:40 > 0:23:44# Nil inultum
0:23:44 > 0:23:50# Nil inultum remanebit
0:23:50 > 0:23:53# Remanebit
0:23:58 > 0:24:03# Quid sum miser tunc dicturus?
0:24:03 > 0:24:06# Quid sum miser tunc dicturus?
0:24:06 > 0:24:10# Quid sum miser tunc dicturus?
0:24:10 > 0:24:13# Quid sum miser tunc dicturus?
0:24:13 > 0:24:19# Quem patronem rogaturus
0:24:19 > 0:24:24# Quem patronem rogaturus
0:24:24 > 0:24:29# Cum vix justus sit securus?
0:24:29 > 0:24:36# Cum vix justus sit securus?
0:24:36 > 0:24:38# Securus
0:24:40 > 0:24:47# Rex tremendae majestatis
0:24:47 > 0:24:56# Qui salvandos salvas gratis
0:24:58 > 0:25:01# Rex tremendae
0:25:01 > 0:25:06# Salva me, fons pietatis
0:25:06 > 0:25:10# Majestatis
0:25:10 > 0:25:16# Salva me, fons pietatis
0:25:16 > 0:25:23# Rex tremendae majestatis
0:25:23 > 0:25:32# Qui salvandos salvas gratis
0:25:32 > 0:25:39# Salva me, fons pietatis
0:25:40 > 0:25:43# Rex tremendae
0:25:45 > 0:25:52# Majestatis
0:26:04 > 0:26:06# Out there
0:26:06 > 0:26:09# We've walked quite friendly up to Death
0:26:09 > 0:26:14# Sat down and eaten with him Cool and bland
0:26:14 > 0:26:19# Pardoned his spilling mess-tins in our hand
0:26:19 > 0:26:24# We've sniffed the green thick odour of his breath
0:26:24 > 0:26:28# Our eyes wept but our courage didn't writhe
0:26:28 > 0:26:31# But our courage didn't writhe
0:26:31 > 0:26:34# He's spat at us with bullets and he's coughed
0:26:34 > 0:26:36# Shrapnel Shrapnel
0:26:37 > 0:26:43# We chorused when he sang aloft
0:26:43 > 0:26:49# We whistled while he shaved us with his scythe
0:26:50 > 0:26:57# Oh, Death was never enemy of ours!
0:26:57 > 0:26:58# We laughed at him
0:26:58 > 0:26:59# We leagued with him
0:26:59 > 0:27:00# Old chum
0:27:00 > 0:27:04# No soldier's paid to kick against his powers
0:27:04 > 0:27:08# We laughed We laughed
0:27:08 > 0:27:11# Laughed
0:27:12 > 0:27:15# Knowing that better men would come
0:27:15 > 0:27:19# And greater wars
0:27:24 > 0:27:27# When each proud fighter brags
0:27:27 > 0:27:28# He wars on Death
0:27:28 > 0:27:29# For life
0:27:31 > 0:27:34# Not men
0:27:34 > 0:27:40# For flags
0:28:15 > 0:28:23# Recordare Jesu pie
0:28:23 > 0:28:30# Quod sum causa tuae viae
0:28:30 > 0:28:40# Ne me perdas illa die
0:28:41 > 0:28:48# Quarens me, sedisti lassus
0:28:48 > 0:28:58# Redemisti crucem passus
0:28:58 > 0:29:06# Tantus labor non sit cassus
0:29:06 > 0:29:12# Ingemisco, tamquam reus
0:29:12 > 0:29:20# Culpa rubet vultus meus
0:29:20 > 0:29:31# Supplicanti parce Deus
0:29:34 > 0:29:41# Qui Mariam absolvisti
0:29:42 > 0:29:49# Et latronem exaudisti
0:29:49 > 0:29:54# Mihi quoque spem dedisti
0:29:55 > 0:30:00# Mihi quoque spem dedisti
0:30:13 > 0:30:21# Inter oves locum praesta
0:30:24 > 0:30:31# Et ab haedis me sequestra
0:30:35 > 0:30:43# Statuens in parte dextra
0:30:48 > 0:30:54# Inter oves locum praesta
0:30:54 > 0:31:02# Et ab haedis me sequestra
0:31:04 > 0:31:09# Confutatis maledictis Confutatis maledictis
0:31:09 > 0:31:12# Flammis acribus addictis
0:31:12 > 0:31:13# Voca me cum benedictis
0:31:13 > 0:31:15# Cum benedictis
0:31:15 > 0:31:20# Confutatis maledictis Confutatis maledictis
0:31:22 > 0:31:26# Oro supplex et acclinis
0:31:26 > 0:31:31# Cor contritum quasi cinis
0:31:31 > 0:31:35# Gere curam mei finis
0:31:35 > 0:31:37# Mei finis
0:31:37 > 0:31:39# Confutatis maledictis
0:31:40 > 0:31:42# Oro supplex
0:31:42 > 0:31:44# Confutatis maledictis
0:31:44 > 0:31:46# Et acclinis
0:31:46 > 0:31:48# Cor contritum
0:31:48 > 0:31:53# Gere curam mei finis
0:31:53 > 0:31:57# Gere curam mei finis
0:31:59 > 0:32:03# Gere curam mei finis
0:32:03 > 0:32:08# Oro supplex et acclinis
0:32:08 > 0:32:11# Confutatis maledictis
0:32:14 > 0:32:19# Be slowly lifted up
0:32:20 > 0:32:25# Thou long black arm
0:32:30 > 0:32:36# Great gun towering toward heaven
0:32:36 > 0:32:42# About to curse
0:32:47 > 0:32:54# Reach at that arrogance
0:32:54 > 0:33:00# Which needs thy harm
0:33:06 > 0:33:11# And beat it down
0:33:11 > 0:33:18# Before its sins grow worse
0:33:27 > 0:33:35# But when thy spell be cast
0:33:35 > 0:33:41# Complete and whole
0:33:47 > 0:33:52# May God curse thee
0:33:52 > 0:34:03# And cut thee from our soul!
0:34:03 > 0:34:05# Dies irae
0:34:05 > 0:34:08# Dies illa
0:34:08 > 0:34:13# Solvet saeclum in favilla
0:34:13 > 0:34:21# Teste David cum Sibylla Teste David cum Sibylla
0:34:21 > 0:34:27# Solvet saeclum in favilla Solvet saeclum in favilla
0:34:27 > 0:34:36# Teste David cum Sibylla Teste David cum Sibylla
0:34:36 > 0:34:38# Teste David cum Sibylla
0:34:41 > 0:34:45# Quantus tremor est futurus
0:34:46 > 0:34:51# Quando Judex est venturus
0:34:51 > 0:34:59# Cuncta stricte discussurus
0:35:08 > 0:35:15# Lacrimosa
0:35:16 > 0:35:22# Lacrimosa
0:35:24 > 0:35:30# Dies illa
0:35:31 > 0:35:37# Lacrimosa
0:35:39 > 0:35:46# Lacrimosa
0:35:46 > 0:35:52# Qua resurget
0:35:53 > 0:35:58# Ex favilla
0:36:00 > 0:36:06# Ex favilla
0:36:06 > 0:36:14# Judicandus
0:36:14 > 0:36:20# Homo reus
0:36:20 > 0:36:28# Homo reus
0:36:28 > 0:36:34# Judicandus
0:36:34 > 0:36:42# Homo reus
0:36:42 > 0:36:50# Huic ergo
0:36:50 > 0:37:00# Parce Deus
0:37:00 > 0:37:07# Move him Move him into the sun
0:37:10 > 0:37:13# Gently, gently
0:37:13 > 0:37:16# Its touch awoke him once
0:37:18 > 0:37:21# At home, at home
0:37:21 > 0:37:27# Whispering of fields unsown
0:37:28 > 0:37:33# Always it woke him, woke him
0:37:33 > 0:37:38# Even in France
0:37:38 > 0:37:42# Until this morning
0:37:42 > 0:37:47# And this snow
0:37:49 > 0:37:53# If anything might rouse him
0:37:53 > 0:37:59# Rouse him now
0:37:59 > 0:38:09# The kind old sun will know
0:38:11 > 0:38:17# Lacrimosa
0:38:19 > 0:38:24# Lacrimosa
0:38:26 > 0:38:35# Dies illa
0:38:35 > 0:38:41# Think, think How it wakes the seeds
0:38:41 > 0:38:48# Woke, once The clays of a cold, cold star.
0:38:48 > 0:38:54# Are limbs, limbs so dear achieved
0:38:54 > 0:39:00# Are sides, full-nerved still warm
0:39:00 > 0:39:05# Too hard to stir?
0:39:08 > 0:39:13# Was it for this
0:39:13 > 0:39:19# The clay grew tall?
0:39:20 > 0:39:28# Qua resurget
0:39:28 > 0:39:35# Ex favilla
0:39:36 > 0:39:39# Was it for this For this
0:39:40 > 0:39:48# The clay grew tall?
0:39:48 > 0:39:54# Judicandus
0:39:54 > 0:40:01# Homo reus
0:40:01 > 0:40:09# Oh, what, what made fatuous
0:40:09 > 0:40:15# Fatuous sunbeams toil
0:40:15 > 0:40:24# To break earth's sleep
0:40:24 > 0:40:30# At all?
0:40:35 > 0:40:38# Pie
0:40:38 > 0:40:42# Jesu
0:40:42 > 0:40:50# Domine
0:40:55 > 0:40:58# Dona
0:40:58 > 0:41:03# Eis
0:41:03 > 0:41:13# Requiem
0:41:17 > 0:41:41# Amen. #
0:41:50 > 0:41:52The Offertorium is a Latin prayer to Christ for deliverance
0:41:52 > 0:41:55and to St Michael to lead the souls of the dead into the light,
0:41:55 > 0:41:58according to Abraham's promise.
0:41:58 > 0:42:01Owen gives the story of Abraham's offering of Isaac a savage twist
0:42:01 > 0:42:05by making him refuse the ram God offered for sacrifice instead.
0:42:05 > 0:42:09"But the old man would not do so, but slew his son
0:42:09 > 0:42:12"and half the seed of Europe, one by one."
0:42:13 > 0:42:14Offertorium.
0:42:31 > 0:42:38# Domine Jesu Christe
0:42:38 > 0:42:41# Rex gloriae
0:42:41 > 0:42:46# Libera animas omnium fidelium
0:42:46 > 0:42:52# Defunctorum de poenis inferni
0:42:52 > 0:42:56# Et de profundo lacu
0:42:57 > 0:43:02# Domine Jesu Christe
0:43:02 > 0:43:04# Jesu Christe
0:43:04 > 0:43:08# Rex gloriae
0:43:08 > 0:43:12# Libera eas de ore leonis
0:43:12 > 0:43:17# Ne absorbeat eas tartarus
0:43:17 > 0:43:23# Ne cadant in obscurum
0:43:25 > 0:43:27# Domine Jesu
0:43:27 > 0:43:33# Ne cadant in obscurum
0:43:34 > 0:43:37# Jesu Christe
0:43:50 > 0:43:55# Sed signifer sanctus Michael
0:44:01 > 0:44:09# Repraesentet eas in lucem sanctam
0:44:17 > 0:44:19# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:19 > 0:44:22# Et semini ejus
0:44:22 > 0:44:24# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:24 > 0:44:26# Et semini ejus
0:44:26 > 0:44:28# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:28 > 0:44:32# Et semini ejus
0:44:32 > 0:44:34# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:34 > 0:44:37# Et semini ejus
0:44:37 > 0:44:39# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:39 > 0:44:42# Et semini ejus
0:44:48 > 0:44:51# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:44:51 > 0:44:53# Et semini ejus
0:44:59 > 0:45:01# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti
0:45:01 > 0:45:06# Et semini ejus
0:45:09 > 0:45:13# Et semini ejus
0:45:13 > 0:45:18# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti Et semini ejus
0:45:18 > 0:45:32# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti Et semini ejus
0:45:32 > 0:45:40# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti Et semini ejus
0:45:49 > 0:45:52# So Abram rose and clave the wood and went
0:45:53 > 0:45:57# And took the fire with him and a knife
0:46:00 > 0:46:03# And as they sojourned both of them together
0:46:03 > 0:46:07# Isaac the firstborn spake and said, my father
0:46:09 > 0:46:12# My father
0:46:12 > 0:46:22# My father, behold the preparations
0:46:22 > 0:46:26# Fire and iron
0:46:28 > 0:46:35# But where the lamb for this burnt offering?
0:46:45 > 0:46:49# Then Abram bound the youth
0:46:52 > 0:46:54# With belts and straps
0:46:57 > 0:47:00# And builded parapets
0:47:00 > 0:47:04# And trenched there
0:47:08 > 0:47:16# And stretched forth the knife to slay his son
0:47:19 > 0:47:24# When, lo!
0:47:27 > 0:47:32# An angel
0:47:35 > 0:47:40# Called him out of heaven
0:47:41 > 0:47:45# Saying
0:47:48 > 0:47:52# Lay not thy hand upon the lad
0:47:52 > 0:47:56# Neither do anything to him
0:48:00 > 0:48:10# Behold, a ram caught in a thicket by its horns
0:48:15 > 0:48:27# Offer the ram of pride instead of him
0:48:37 > 0:48:41# But the old man would not so
0:48:42 > 0:48:45# But slew his son
0:48:47 > 0:48:50# And half the seed of Europe
0:48:50 > 0:48:53# One by one
0:48:58 > 0:49:00# Half the seed of Europe
0:49:00 > 0:49:03# One by one
0:49:03 > 0:49:08# Hostias et preced tibi Domine
0:49:08 > 0:49:11# Laudis offerimus
0:49:11 > 0:49:13# Half the seed of Europe
0:49:13 > 0:49:16# Tu suscipe pro
0:49:16 > 0:49:20# Animabus illis
0:49:20 > 0:49:22# One by one
0:49:22 > 0:49:24# Quarum hodie
0:49:24 > 0:49:31# Memoriam facimus Memoriam facimus
0:49:31 > 0:49:33# Half the seed of Europe
0:49:33 > 0:49:36# Fac eas, Domine
0:49:36 > 0:49:44# De morte transire ad vitam
0:49:45 > 0:49:46# One by one
0:49:46 > 0:49:53# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:49:53 > 0:49:56# One by one
0:50:05 > 0:50:09# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:09 > 0:50:12# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:12 > 0:50:17# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:19 > 0:50:23# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:23 > 0:50:28# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:28 > 0:50:38# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:38 > 0:50:44# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:44 > 0:50:49# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:50:49 > 0:51:05# Quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus
0:51:06 > 0:51:10# Et semini ejus. #
0:51:21 > 0:51:24In the Sanctus, the church sings ecstatically,
0:51:24 > 0:51:28"Hosanna in excelsis." And here we have Owen's own hopeless, bleak
0:51:28 > 0:51:32vision of the Day of Judgement after the blast of lightning from the East.
0:51:33 > 0:51:38Contrast is total. And then comes the Agnus Dei, O lamb of God,
0:51:38 > 0:51:41where Owen's personal vision of crucifixion,
0:51:41 > 0:51:44"One ever hangs where shelled roads part,"
0:51:44 > 0:51:45brings some measure of resolution.
0:51:58 > 0:52:04# Sanctus
0:52:15 > 0:52:23# Sanctus
0:52:26 > 0:52:37# Sanctus
0:52:46 > 0:52:52# Dominus Deus Saboath
0:53:02 > 0:53:10# Dominus Deus Saboath
0:53:14 > 0:53:24# Sanctus
0:53:43 > 0:53:45# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:45 > 0:53:48# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:48 > 0:53:50# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:50 > 0:53:52# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:53 > 0:53:55# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:55 > 0:53:58# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:53:58 > 0:54:00# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:00 > 0:54:02# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:02 > 0:54:05# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:05 > 0:54:07# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:07 > 0:54:10# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:10 > 0:54:12# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:12 > 0:54:14# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:14 > 0:54:19# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:19 > 0:54:23# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:23 > 0:54:29# Pleni sunt ceoli et terra gloria tua
0:54:32 > 0:54:41# Hosanna in excelsis
0:54:41 > 0:54:48# Hosanna in excelsis
0:54:48 > 0:54:55# Hosanna in excelsis
0:54:55 > 0:54:59# Hosanna in excelsis
0:54:59 > 0:55:07# Hosanna in excelsis
0:55:07 > 0:55:16# Hosanna in excelsis
0:55:16 > 0:55:23# Hosanna in excelsis
0:55:23 > 0:55:29# Sanctus
0:55:39 > 0:55:43# Benedictus Benedictus
0:55:43 > 0:55:46# Benedictus
0:55:46 > 0:55:52# Qui venit in nomine
0:55:52 > 0:55:55# Benedictus
0:55:55 > 0:56:00# In nomine Domini
0:56:00 > 0:56:06# In nomine Domini
0:56:06 > 0:56:08# Benedictus
0:56:08 > 0:56:14# Benedictus Qui venit
0:56:14 > 0:56:17# Benedictus
0:56:17 > 0:56:31# Qui venit in nomine Domini
0:56:31 > 0:56:37# Benedictus Qui venit
0:56:37 > 0:56:38# Qui venit
0:56:38 > 0:56:42# Qui venit
0:56:42 > 0:56:47# Qui venit in nomine
0:56:47 > 0:56:50# In nomine
0:56:51 > 0:56:58# In nomine
0:56:58 > 0:57:05# In nomine
0:57:06 > 0:57:11# Qui venit in nomine
0:57:11 > 0:57:16# Qui venit in nomine
0:57:16 > 0:57:24# Domini
0:57:38 > 0:57:53# Hosanna! Hosanna! Hosanna in excelsis
0:57:53 > 0:58:03# Hosanna in excelsis
0:58:04 > 0:58:12# Sanctus
0:58:17 > 0:58:23# After the blast of lightning
0:58:23 > 0:58:29# From the East
0:58:32 > 0:58:38# The flourish of loud clouds
0:58:38 > 0:58:44# The Chariot Throne
0:58:45 > 0:58:50# After the drums of time
0:58:50 > 0:58:57# Have rolled and ceased
0:59:03 > 0:59:12# And by the bronze West
0:59:12 > 0:59:20# Long retreat is blown
0:59:29 > 0:59:32# Shall life renew these bodies?
0:59:33 > 0:59:35# Of a truth
0:59:35 > 0:59:38# All death will He annul
0:59:38 > 0:59:45# All tears assuage?
0:59:45 > 0:59:49# Fill the void veins of Life again with youth
0:59:49 > 0:59:54# And wash with an immortal water
0:59:54 > 0:59:56# Age?
1:00:00 > 1:00:04# When I do ask white Age
1:00:04 > 1:00:09# He saith not so
1:00:09 > 1:00:17# My head hangs weighed with snow
1:00:26 > 1:00:32# And when I hearken to the Earth
1:00:32 > 1:00:35# She saith
1:00:38 > 1:00:45# My fiery heart shrinks, aching
1:00:45 > 1:00:49# It is death
1:00:52 > 1:00:56# Mine ancient scars
1:00:56 > 1:01:04# Shall not be glorified
1:01:06 > 1:01:12# Nor my titanic tears
1:01:12 > 1:01:19# The sea
1:01:19 > 1:01:28# Be dried
1:01:59 > 1:02:06# One ever hangs
1:02:06 > 1:02:14# Where shelled roads part
1:02:16 > 1:02:21# In this war
1:02:21 > 1:02:29# He too lost a limb
1:02:34 > 1:02:41# But His disciples
1:02:44 > 1:02:49# Hide apart
1:02:50 > 1:02:58# And now the Soldiers bear with Him
1:02:58 > 1:03:10Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi
1:03:10 > 1:03:17# Dona eis requiem.
1:03:22 > 1:03:29# Near Golgotha strolls many a priest
1:03:29 > 1:03:32# And in their faces
1:03:32 > 1:03:35# There is pride
1:03:35 > 1:03:42# That they were flesh-marked by the Beast
1:03:42 > 1:03:51# By whom the gentle Christ's denied
1:03:51 > 1:04:00# Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi
1:04:00 > 1:04:06# Dona eis requiem
1:04:08 > 1:04:15# The scribes on all the people shove
1:04:15 > 1:04:23# And bawl allegiance to the state
1:04:23 > 1:04:29# Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi
1:04:29 > 1:04:36# But they who love
1:04:36 > 1:04:44# The greater love
1:04:44 > 1:04:52# Lay down their life
1:04:52 > 1:04:59# They do not hate
1:04:59 > 1:05:10# Dona eis requiem
1:05:16 > 1:05:31# Dona nobis pacem. #
1:05:38 > 1:05:41The last movement is the Libera Me -
1:05:41 > 1:05:44"Free Me, O Lord, from eternal death" -
1:05:44 > 1:05:47which ends with the final prayer from the boys' voices,
1:05:47 > 1:05:49"Grant them eternal rest, O Lord."
1:05:49 > 1:05:51Meanwhile, in Owen's poem, Strange Meeting,
1:05:51 > 1:05:56the soldiers are led after death to a parallel reconciliation and peace.
1:05:57 > 1:05:59"I was the enemy you killed, my friend...
1:05:59 > 1:06:03"Let us sleep now." Libera Me.
1:06:36 > 1:06:39# Libera me
1:06:43 > 1:06:49# Libera me, Domine
1:06:49 > 1:06:55# Libera me
1:06:55 > 1:07:01# De morte aeterna
1:07:01 > 1:07:08# De morte aeterna, de morte aeterna
1:07:08 > 1:07:11# De morte aeterna
1:07:12 > 1:07:17# In die illa tremenda
1:07:17 > 1:07:25# In die illa tremenda
1:07:25 > 1:07:29# Libera me
1:07:29 > 1:07:36# De morte aeterna, libera me, Domine
1:07:36 > 1:07:42# In die illa tremenda
1:07:42 > 1:07:46# In die illa tremenda
1:07:46 > 1:07:50# In die illa tremenda
1:07:50 > 1:07:54# Libera me
1:07:54 > 1:08:03# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:03 > 1:08:10# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:10 > 1:08:17# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:17 > 1:08:21# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:21 > 1:08:29# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:29 > 1:08:34# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:34 > 1:08:39# Quando coeli movendi sunt et terra
1:08:41 > 1:08:46# Libera me
1:08:47 > 1:08:50# Libera me, Domine
1:08:53 > 1:08:58# De morte aeterna
1:08:59 > 1:09:07# Dum veneris judicare saeculum per ignem
1:09:07 > 1:09:14# Dum veneris judicare saeculum per ignem
1:09:14 > 1:09:17# Libera me
1:09:17 > 1:09:25# Dum veneris judicare saeculum per ignem
1:09:25 > 1:09:34# Dum veneris judicare saeculum per ignem
1:09:34 > 1:09:37# Libera me, libera me
1:09:37 > 1:09:41# Libera me, libera me
1:09:44 > 1:09:51# Libera me, libera me, Domine
1:09:54 > 1:10:04# Tremens factus sum ego, et timeo
1:10:04 > 1:10:08# Tremens, tremens, tremens
1:10:08 > 1:10:14# Factus sum ego, ego, et timeo
1:10:20 > 1:10:22# Tremens, tremens, tremens
1:10:22 > 1:10:27# Factus sum ego Factus sum ego, sum ego
1:10:27 > 1:10:32# Ego, et timeo
1:10:32 > 1:10:40# Dum discussio venerit Atque ventura ira
1:10:40 > 1:10:44# Libera me
1:10:45 > 1:10:49# Libera me, Domine
1:10:52 > 1:10:58# De morte aeterna
1:11:02 > 1:11:11# Quando coeli movendi sunt i terra
1:11:17 > 1:11:26# Dies illa, dies irae, calamitatis
1:11:26 > 1:11:29THEY REPEAT VERSE
1:11:45 > 1:11:57# Et miseriae, dies magna et amara valde
1:12:00 > 1:12:06# Libera me
1:12:06 > 1:12:12# Libera me
1:12:12 > 1:12:17# Libera me, libera me
1:12:19 > 1:12:24# Libera me
1:12:31 > 1:12:36# Libera me, Domine
1:12:40 > 1:12:43# Domine
1:12:47 > 1:12:52# Libera me, Domine
1:12:55 > 1:13:03# Libera me, Domine
1:13:09 > 1:13:12# Domine
1:13:21 > 1:13:36# It seems that out of battle I escaped
1:13:36 > 1:13:48# Down some profound dull tunnel
1:13:48 > 1:13:53# Long since scooped
1:13:53 > 1:14:09# Through granites which titanic wars had groined
1:14:09 > 1:14:24# Yet also there encumbered sleepers groaned
1:14:24 > 1:14:41# Too fast in thought or death to be bestirred
1:14:43 > 1:14:52# Then, as I probed them
1:14:52 > 1:14:58# One sprang up, and stared
1:15:00 > 1:15:10# With piteous recognition in fixed eyes
1:15:13 > 1:15:26# Lifting distressful hands as if to bless
1:15:31 > 1:15:35# And no guns thumped
1:15:35 > 1:15:42# Or down the flues made moan
1:15:48 > 1:15:55# "Strange friend," I said
1:15:55 > 1:16:06# "Here is no cause to mourn"
1:16:11 > 1:16:23# "None", said the other
1:16:23 > 1:16:31# "Save the undone years
1:16:32 > 1:16:41# "The hopelessness
1:16:53 > 1:16:58# "Whatever hope is yours
1:16:58 > 1:17:05# "Was my life also
1:17:16 > 1:17:21# "I went hunting wild
1:17:21 > 1:17:26# "After the wildest beauty in the world
1:17:31 > 1:17:39# "For by my glee might many men have laughed
1:17:51 > 1:18:04# "And of my weeping something had been left
1:18:06 > 1:18:12# "Which must die now
1:18:12 > 1:18:18# "I mean the truth untold
1:18:18 > 1:18:25# "The pity of war
1:18:27 > 1:18:33# "The pity war distilled
1:18:34 > 1:18:41# "Now men will go content with what we spoiled
1:18:45 > 1:18:54# "Or discontent boil bloody and be spilled
1:19:05 > 1:19:11# "They will be swift with swiftness of the tigress
1:19:14 > 1:19:20# "None will break ranks though nations trek from progress
1:19:24 > 1:19:32# "Miss we the march of this retreating world
1:19:44 > 1:19:54# "Into vain citadels that are not walled
1:20:11 > 1:20:28# "Then, when much blood had clogged their chariot-wheels
1:20:30 > 1:20:40# "I would go up and wash them
1:20:46 > 1:20:55# "From sweet wells
1:21:01 > 1:21:16# "Even from wells we sunk too deep for war
1:21:22 > 1:21:42# "Even from the sweetest wells that ever were
1:21:52 > 1:22:05# "I am the enemy you killed, my friend
1:22:10 > 1:22:15# "I knew you in this dark
1:22:21 > 1:22:23# "For so you frowned yesterday
1:22:23 > 1:22:30# "Through me as you jabbed and killed
1:22:35 > 1:22:42# "I parried
1:22:42 > 1:22:54# "But my hands were loath and cold
1:23:05 > 1:23:10# "Let us sleep now"
1:23:10 > 1:23:18# Let us sleep now...
1:23:18 > 1:23:30# In paridisum deducant te Angeli
1:23:30 > 1:23:39# Let us sleep now Let us sleep now
1:23:39 > 1:23:50# In tuo adventu suscipiant te Martyres
1:23:50 > 1:24:02# Let us sleep now Let us sleep now
1:24:02 > 1:24:14# Et perducant te in civitatem sanctam
1:24:14 > 1:24:23# Let us sleep now Let us sleep now
1:24:23 > 1:24:32# Let us sleep now Let us sleep now
1:24:32 > 1:24:37# Jerusalem
1:24:37 > 1:24:42# Chorus Angelorum te suscipiat
1:24:42 > 1:24:49# Let us sleep now Let us sleep now
1:24:49 > 1:24:53# Et cum Lazaro quondam paupere aeternam
1:24:53 > 1:24:57# Habeas requiem
1:24:59 > 1:25:09CHORUS AND SOLOISTS SING VERSES OVERLAPPING
1:25:09 > 1:25:15# Let us sleep now...
1:25:59 > 1:26:01ORCHESTRA CRESCENDOS
1:26:15 > 1:26:18BELL TOLLS LOUDLY
1:26:18 > 1:26:29# Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine...
1:26:47 > 1:26:49BELL TOLLS
1:26:51 > 1:27:02# Et lux perpetua luceat eis
1:27:05 > 1:27:10# Let us sleep now...
1:27:14 > 1:27:18ORCHESTRA DIMINUENDOS
1:27:18 > 1:27:21BELL TOLLS QUIETLY
1:27:26 > 1:27:41# Requiescant in pace
1:27:41 > 1:27:45BELL TOLLS QUIETLY
1:27:47 > 1:27:50# Amen
1:27:51 > 1:28:14# A-a-men. #
1:28:20 > 1:28:24APPLAUSE
1:28:39 > 1:28:42CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
1:30:29 > 1:30:32AUDIENCE STAMP FEET