0:00:00 > 0:00:00- *
0:00:00 > 0:00:05- It's been 40 years - since I recorded this album.
0:00:05 > 0:00:07- Salem was released in 1974.
0:00:07 > 0:00:09- It was a miserable decade.
0:00:10 > 0:00:14- The hopes we had in the 1960s - had been dashed.
0:00:14 > 0:00:17- Musically, punk hadn't yet happened.
0:00:17 > 0:00:19- No-one knew what was to come.
0:00:19 > 0:00:23- Why did I seek inspiration - from a Merionethshire chapel?
0:00:23 > 0:00:25- That's a question I ask myself.
0:00:30 > 0:00:34- # I return to the painting
0:00:34 > 0:00:39- # That echoes ancient prayers
0:00:39 > 0:00:43- # From the beginning of the century
0:00:43 > 0:00:47- # Salem #
0:00:47 > 0:00:50- Endaf came to us and said...
0:00:51 > 0:00:53- .."I've recorded this."
0:00:53 > 0:00:56- That, in itself, was revolutionary.
0:00:56 > 0:00:59- He had recorded his own album...
0:00:59 > 0:01:03- ..without any financial backing - or studio time.
0:01:03 > 0:01:09- It was plain to see, of course, - that this album was formidable.
0:01:10 > 0:01:11- # The flies rise like smoke
0:01:14 > 0:01:17- # Through the branches - of the hawthorn
0:01:17 > 0:01:20- # At the end of the day, - they are no more
0:01:20 > 0:01:22- # So short is their life #
0:01:22 > 0:01:26- Everybody thought - this stuff was great.
0:01:26 > 0:01:28- Nobody had heard - a Welsh album like it.
0:01:29 > 0:01:31- It took my breath away.
0:01:31 > 0:01:34- # Sian Ty'n y Fawnog
0:01:35 > 0:01:39- # Wearing her shawl
0:01:39 > 0:01:44- # And there's Evan Lloyd #
0:01:44 > 0:01:48- Releasing a Welsh-language - concept album was unique.
0:01:48 > 0:01:50- It was intrinsically Welsh.
0:01:51 > 0:01:55- # The man from Cae'r Meddyg
0:01:55 > 0:01:59- # Follows the grain
0:01:59 > 0:02:03- # The wood - from the banks of the Artro
0:02:03 > 0:02:06- # Is smooth beneath his plane #
0:02:06 > 0:02:10- Sometimes, when you listen - to old albums in Welsh...
0:02:10 > 0:02:12- ..the standard of recording...
0:02:12 > 0:02:16- ..isn't as good - as English-language recordings.
0:02:16 > 0:02:22- But when I listen to Endaf's stuff, - the production is on a par.
0:02:24 > 0:02:26- # Oh, Laura
0:02:29 > 0:02:30- # Laura
0:02:32 > 0:02:34- # Farewell #
0:02:35 > 0:02:38- Salem certainly stands apart - from the rest. It's timeless.
0:02:39 > 0:02:43- The way the layers of music - are placed on top of each other...
0:02:43 > 0:02:45- ..is still inspiring today.
0:02:46 > 0:02:50- No-one to this day - has the same degree of creativity...
0:02:50 > 0:02:56- ..in terms of chords and the way - the melodies bind complex chords.
0:02:56 > 0:02:59- The Welsh music scene - is full of people...
0:02:59 > 0:03:02- ..who emulate - the way Endaf worked years ago.
0:03:08 > 0:03:11- # Oh, it's sunny
0:03:11 > 0:03:15- # Sunny in summer
0:03:15 > 0:03:17- # Over in Meirion
0:03:18 > 0:03:21- # And the silly seagulls - on the glistening banks
0:03:24 > 0:03:26- # A butterfly
0:03:26 > 0:03:29- # Dances in the heat
0:03:30 > 0:03:32- # Golden cornfields
0:03:33 > 0:03:35- # The world goes to the fair
0:03:36 > 0:03:40- # In summer #
0:03:43 > 0:03:46- I've kept a heap of memorabilia - over the years.
0:03:46 > 0:03:48- Goodbye Cherry Lill.
0:03:49 > 0:03:51- # Goodbye, Cherry Lill #
0:03:52 > 0:03:54- I had a recording contract - with Parlophone.
0:03:55 > 0:04:00- I recorded four singles - at Abbey Road.
0:04:00 > 0:04:04- # Goodbye, Cherry Lill
0:04:04 > 0:04:07- # Goodbye, Cherry Lill #
0:04:07 > 0:04:10- # Paper chains, they break away
0:04:10 > 0:04:14- # They won't hold you long
0:04:14 > 0:04:19- # And paper birds - sing only in paper songs #
0:04:19 > 0:04:24- I was permitted to record - a Welsh-language song on the B side.
0:04:25 > 0:04:26- I wrote Madryn.
0:04:27 > 0:04:30- # Children on Garn Fadryn's slopes
0:04:30 > 0:04:33- # Are busy picking bilberries
0:04:34 > 0:04:36- # The drone of the bees... #
0:04:36 > 0:04:39- That experience - was a turning point for me.
0:04:40 > 0:04:44- It was a personal song - rather than a song for others.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48- It was a song by me about something - that was important to me.
0:04:49 > 0:04:52- # And the sun's warmth
0:04:52 > 0:04:55- # On Garn Fadryn
0:04:57 > 0:04:59- # Calling for... #
0:04:59 > 0:05:03- From that moment on, - I took great delight...
0:05:03 > 0:05:08- ..in writing in my native language - about my Welsh upbringing.
0:05:08 > 0:05:11- # I suddenly felt a great longing #
0:05:11 > 0:05:17- Hiraeth was my first album - and my first time on the cover.
0:05:17 > 0:05:22- I regretted it afterwards, - but I can't do anything about it.
0:05:22 > 0:05:25- Bizarrely, - these are going for 600 online.
0:05:25 > 0:05:30- Japanese people are buying them - because they're rare copies.
0:05:30 > 0:05:32- # There's Evan
0:05:32 > 0:05:35- # Rushing from the service
0:05:36 > 0:05:37- # Over to Cae Pella'
0:05:38 > 0:05:40- # As fast as he can
0:05:40 > 0:05:42- # On old Abel
0:05:44 > 0:05:46- # Abel the donkey #
0:05:46 > 0:05:50- Salem Cefncymerau - in Ardudwy, Meirionnydd.
0:05:50 > 0:05:54- In one sense, this is different - from every other chapel...
0:05:54 > 0:05:56- ..because this is the chapel...
0:05:57 > 0:06:00- ..depicted - in Curnow Vosper's famous painting.
0:06:06 > 0:06:10- I remember reading - T Rowland Hughes' sonnet...
0:06:10 > 0:06:12- ..and rediscovering the painting.
0:06:12 > 0:06:15- I found myself in the library...
0:06:15 > 0:06:18- ..reading up - on the people in the painting.
0:06:18 > 0:06:22- I feel as if we've lost our way - since the beginning of the century.
0:06:22 > 0:06:25- It inspired a concept album...
0:06:25 > 0:06:29- ..an anthology of songs - centred around chapel life...
0:06:30 > 0:06:33- ..congregations - and society in general.
0:06:33 > 0:06:35- # Abel
0:06:38 > 0:06:40- # Abel
0:06:43 > 0:06:45- # He is the best
0:06:45 > 0:06:50- # In Cefncymerau, yes indeed
0:06:51 > 0:06:52- # Ah, ah
0:06:53 > 0:06:56- # Abel #
0:06:56 > 0:07:00- Port Sunlight is a wonderful town.
0:07:00 > 0:07:03- It was built by William Hesketh - for his workers...
0:07:04 > 0:07:06- ..so that they had adequate housing.
0:07:06 > 0:07:10- He must have been very wealthy - to have built this...
0:07:10 > 0:07:13- ..from the sale of soap.
0:07:20 > 0:07:24- As well as ensuring that the workers - had decent housing...
0:07:24 > 0:07:28- ..he wanted them - to embrace the arts.
0:07:28 > 0:07:31- That's why the gallery - is situated here.
0:07:31 > 0:07:33- Sian Owen is inside.
0:07:33 > 0:07:35- # Abel
0:07:37 > 0:07:41- # Abel
0:07:44 > 0:07:45- # Goodness me, lads
0:07:46 > 0:07:49- # You never saw such a thing #
0:07:49 > 0:07:53- The painting is concealed - behind these curtains.
0:07:54 > 0:07:56- And here it is.
0:07:56 > 0:08:00- It's here because Lord Lever - bought the painting.
0:08:00 > 0:08:02- He used it to sell his soap.
0:08:02 > 0:08:07- If you bought ten pounds of soap - and sent away the packets...
0:08:07 > 0:08:09- ..you received a print.
0:08:10 > 0:08:15- That's the reason it can be found - in so many homes in Wales.
0:08:15 > 0:08:19- I have to say, - it's worth coming here to see it.
0:08:20 > 0:08:24- For one thing, - it's bigger than we expect it be.
0:08:24 > 0:08:28- We're used to seeing prints of it.
0:08:29 > 0:08:32- It's also a better work of art - than I remember.
0:08:32 > 0:08:34- It's very elaborate.
0:08:35 > 0:08:38- Some of the stories - that have circulated...
0:08:38 > 0:08:42- ..are based on the print - rather than the original painting.
0:08:43 > 0:08:45- She's making her way to her seat.
0:08:45 > 0:08:49- The door is slightly ajar here.
0:08:49 > 0:08:52- She's about to take her seat.
0:08:52 > 0:08:56- She's not being banished from - the chapel or anything like that.
0:08:56 > 0:09:00- Some people - have different interpretations.
0:09:00 > 0:09:02- Some claim to see the devil...
0:09:03 > 0:09:06- ..but when you study the original...
0:09:06 > 0:09:09- ..the shadows and the outline - aren't as strong.
0:09:10 > 0:09:12- There's nothing sinister...
0:09:13 > 0:09:16- ..in the way - the shawl has been painted.
0:09:18 > 0:09:23- It's not a sentimental picture - of a small rural chapel.
0:09:24 > 0:09:27- It's a picture - of the people in the chapel...
0:09:27 > 0:09:30- ..which is very rare, of course.
0:09:30 > 0:09:35- He's written the songs about the - characters and used his imagination.
0:09:35 > 0:09:40- I had to invent characters - that weren't in the painting...
0:09:40 > 0:09:45- ..and to flesh out the characters - that did appear in it.
0:09:45 > 0:09:47- I used my imagination for that.
0:09:47 > 0:09:50- I've always lived - in an imaginary world.
0:09:51 > 0:09:54- # And Owen Sion
0:09:54 > 0:09:58- # From Carleg Goch
0:09:59 > 0:10:04- # And his brother, William Sion
0:10:07 > 0:10:09- # Sian Ty'n y Fawnog
0:10:09 > 0:10:12- # Wearing her shawl
0:10:13 > 0:10:18- # There's Evan Lloyd #
0:10:19 > 0:10:21- The other aspect, of course...
0:10:22 > 0:10:25- ..is the simplicity - of the recording.
0:10:26 > 0:10:28- At home with a four-track.
0:10:28 > 0:10:32- It's remarkable that he achieved - such a great sound...
0:10:33 > 0:10:34- ..from my guitar!
0:10:34 > 0:10:39- It's back in my arms once again. - Here it is.
0:10:39 > 0:10:41- It's big, isn't it?
0:10:41 > 0:10:45- It's bigger - than the guitar I have at home.
0:10:45 > 0:10:47- It remembers you.
0:10:47 > 0:10:51- Let's try and play something - from Salem.
0:10:52 > 0:10:55- # The man from Cae'r Meddyg
0:10:56 > 0:10:58- # Follows the grain
0:11:00 > 0:11:03- # And the wood - from the banks of the Artro
0:11:03 > 0:11:07- # Is smooth beneath his plane
0:11:10 > 0:11:13- # His two hands steer
0:11:14 > 0:11:16- # The chisel over the branch
0:11:18 > 0:11:20- # The man from Cae'r Meddyg
0:11:22 > 0:11:24- # Is moving to France! #
0:11:26 > 0:11:27- .
0:11:30 > 0:11:30- Subtitles
0:11:30 > 0:11:32- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:11:33 > 0:11:35- # Sweet Laura
0:11:35 > 0:11:40- # The ships are in the bay
0:11:41 > 0:11:46- # Tugging on the chain
0:11:46 > 0:11:51- # As the tide drags its heels
0:11:51 > 0:11:54- # Down on the quay
0:11:57 > 0:12:02- # Ooh, sweet Laura
0:12:02 > 0:12:06- # The wind fills the sails
0:12:07 > 0:12:11- # And I set sail
0:12:11 > 0:12:16- # I'll disappear over the horizon
0:12:16 > 0:12:18- # With this
0:12:22 > 0:12:23- # Laura
0:12:25 > 0:12:27- # Whoa-oh-oh Laura
0:12:30 > 0:12:31- # Laura
0:12:33 > 0:12:35- # Farewell
0:12:38 > 0:12:43- # Ooh, sweet Laura
0:12:43 > 0:12:48- # I'll return - from the other side of the world
0:12:48 > 0:12:53- # I'll drop anchor
0:12:53 > 0:12:58- # When the barley field turns yellow
0:12:58 > 0:13:00- # At the end of summer #
0:13:00 > 0:13:05- Harlech Castle. - We're caught in the rain.
0:13:05 > 0:13:08- We're on our way to Cwm Nantcol.
0:13:08 > 0:13:10- I've never been there.
0:13:11 > 0:13:14- But I went there - on an imaginary journey...
0:13:14 > 0:13:17- ..when I decided - to record this album.
0:13:17 > 0:13:20- I didn't come this way - in my imagination.
0:13:20 > 0:13:24- I came via Drws Ardudwy, - which sounds more romantic.
0:13:25 > 0:13:28- Over the Rhinog, - past Maes-y-garnedd.
0:13:28 > 0:13:32- You have to imagine this, as I did.
0:13:32 > 0:13:35- You eventually reach Cwm Nantcol...
0:13:36 > 0:13:38- ..which sounds - like a romantic hideaway.
0:13:39 > 0:13:42- I had the cheek to write - about a place I'd never visited.
0:13:42 > 0:13:44- I apologize!
0:14:02 > 0:14:06- As you head through the trees, - the chapel comes into view.
0:14:06 > 0:14:10- It looks grey and wet.
0:14:10 > 0:14:13- There's a light on - in the chapel house next door.
0:14:15 > 0:14:17- Salem.
0:14:33 > 0:14:35- Here we are.
0:14:38 > 0:14:42- It's very odd - being here for the first time.
0:14:42 > 0:14:45- It feels very familiar, of course...
0:14:46 > 0:14:50- ..because of the painting - and the pictures we've seen.
0:14:50 > 0:14:56- For me, as a Methodist brought up - in Penmount chapel, Pwllheli...
0:14:56 > 0:14:58- ..which is enormous...
0:14:59 > 0:15:01- ..this is a very small - and simple chapel.
0:15:02 > 0:15:04- It's very nice, to be honest.
0:15:04 > 0:15:07- There's a theory - that suggests Sian Owen...
0:15:08 > 0:15:10- ..was standing here, - on her way out...
0:15:10 > 0:15:14- ..for those who knew - that the door was over there.
0:15:14 > 0:15:17- I believe she was standing here...
0:15:17 > 0:15:20- ..because the light - was coming from the door.
0:15:21 > 0:15:25- That's why Vosper stood here - with his easel and she stood there.
0:15:28 > 0:15:33- The man bowing his head in prayer - was called Robat Williams...
0:15:33 > 0:15:35- ..the man from Cae'r Meddyg.
0:15:35 > 0:15:38- I like Robat Williams.
0:15:38 > 0:15:42- He was a craftsman, unlike myself, - who has two left hands.
0:15:43 > 0:15:46- All the males in my family - have been carpenters.
0:15:47 > 0:15:50- I have a lot of respect - for craftsmen.
0:15:50 > 0:15:54- Creating this chapel - has been a labour of love.
0:15:54 > 0:15:56- It's peaceful in here.
0:15:56 > 0:16:01- All you can hear is the stream - and the ticking of the clock.
0:16:01 > 0:16:03- It's a wonderful place to meditate.
0:16:05 > 0:16:07- The Welsh pop scene...
0:16:08 > 0:16:10- ..before 1974 was quite...
0:16:12 > 0:16:14- I don't want to say simple...
0:16:14 > 0:16:18- ..but nothing very adventurous - was happening.
0:16:18 > 0:16:23- The Welsh pop scene was very slow.
0:16:23 > 0:16:26- In that early period, - you had Aled A Reg...
0:16:26 > 0:16:29- ..Hogia Llandegai and so on.
0:16:30 > 0:16:32- The songs were translations.
0:16:32 > 0:16:35- Dafydd himself - translated songs back then.
0:16:35 > 0:16:38- In the wake of Salem's release...
0:16:39 > 0:16:41- ..but perhaps not immediately...
0:16:41 > 0:16:46- ..people like Geraint Jarman - began recording concept albums too.
0:16:47 > 0:16:52- Gobaith Mawr Y Ganrif, - Gwesty Cymru and Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau.
0:16:52 > 0:16:55- For many people in Wales...
0:16:55 > 0:17:01- ..Endaf had opened the door - to the imagination with Salem.
0:17:01 > 0:17:03- He was saying, "It's possible.
0:17:04 > 0:17:07- "If you have the talent, - if you have the vision...
0:17:07 > 0:17:12- "..if you have the ambition, - you can do this."
0:17:18 > 0:17:21- # Sian Owen Ty'n y Fawnog
0:17:22 > 0:17:25- # Asked to borrow a shawl
0:17:25 > 0:17:30- # Her own fragile shawl - had seen too many Sundays
0:17:32 > 0:17:35- # I heard a rumour
0:17:35 > 0:17:38- # That the devil was in the shawl
0:17:39 > 0:17:42- # The ones who acknowledge him - are everywhere #
0:17:44 > 0:17:48- Salem was the first concept album - in the Welsh language.
0:17:48 > 0:17:52- It's inspiring in the way - that Endaf has been able...
0:17:52 > 0:17:55- ..to breathe life - into the painting's characters.
0:17:56 > 0:17:58- While we were - working out this song...
0:17:59 > 0:18:04- ..we noticed his complicated chords, - chords you don't normally hear.
0:18:04 > 0:18:06- To some extent...
0:18:06 > 0:18:11- ..it's a contemporary response - to the old hymn tradition.
0:18:12 > 0:18:14- It sounded ahead of its time - when it was recorded.
0:18:15 > 0:18:19- # While searching for his face
0:18:19 > 0:18:21- # They ignored them
0:18:21 > 0:18:25- # The history in Salem's walls
0:18:26 > 0:18:28- # And the peaceful power - of the faith
0:18:28 > 0:18:31- # Flourished in Meirionnydd
0:18:32 > 0:18:36- # Like heather - covers the mountain's rocks
0:18:36 > 0:18:40- # The belief in a peace - the world has never seen
0:18:52 > 0:18:56- # From the fragility of mankind
0:18:56 > 0:18:59- # Heaven's providence is strange
0:18:59 > 0:19:04- # It gives men strength - to suffer the world's ills
0:19:07 > 0:19:09- # When Judgement Day comes
0:19:10 > 0:19:12- # Each one will take a stand
0:19:13 > 0:19:17- # There's room - for Sian Owen in his house
0:19:23 > 0:19:26- # Sian Owen, Ty'n y Fawnog
0:19:26 > 0:19:30- # She was carved from the rock
0:19:30 > 0:19:33- # She was poor and ragged
0:19:33 > 0:19:37- # A mere penny for her work #
0:19:37 > 0:19:39- The album starts like this.
0:19:40 > 0:19:42- PIANO MUSIC
0:19:43 > 0:19:46- Compare the Old Hundredth - hymn tune, for example.
0:19:57 > 0:20:00- By juxtaposing - the beginning of Salem...
0:20:01 > 0:20:05- ..and the Old Hundredth, - they somehow mirror each other.
0:20:06 > 0:20:08- Is it successful plagiarism...
0:20:08 > 0:20:12- ..or is it simply - in my subconscious?
0:20:12 > 0:20:15- I think it's in your subconscious.
0:20:15 > 0:20:17- Take Caersalem for instance.
0:20:20 > 0:20:22- Caersalem and then...
0:20:28 > 0:20:30- It'd help if I hit the right notes!
0:20:30 > 0:20:34- So there are hymns and folk songs.
0:20:35 > 0:20:38- The impression I get - from listening to the album...
0:20:38 > 0:20:43- ..and folk arrangements - is that they're an opportunity...
0:20:44 > 0:20:47- ..to stretch out a little - in terms of...
0:20:47 > 0:20:50- I couldn't just leave them - as they were.
0:20:51 > 0:20:55- I wanted to do something with them - that was different.
0:20:55 > 0:21:00- It wasn't going to be - a polished folk music performance...
0:21:00 > 0:21:02- ..because I'm not a folk singer.
0:21:03 > 0:21:06- I was determined - to do something different with them.
0:21:07 > 0:21:13- Aderyn Du goes its own way.
0:21:13 > 0:21:17- Ar Lan Y Mor goes in all directions.
0:21:17 > 0:21:22- # Beside the sea
0:21:22 > 0:21:26- # Blue pebbles lying
0:21:26 > 0:21:30- # Beside the sea
0:21:30 > 0:21:35- # Gold flowers glowing
0:21:35 > 0:21:39- # Beside the sea
0:21:39 > 0:21:43- # Are all things fairest #
0:21:43 > 0:21:47- You believe that these folk songs - do somehow fit in.
0:21:47 > 0:21:53- There's a link there somewhere, - even if it's in your subconscious.
0:21:53 > 0:21:57- From the painting, I imagine - it's ten o'clock in the morning...
0:21:57 > 0:22:00- ..on a spring day, - but I might be wrong.
0:22:00 > 0:22:05- You can hear that small rural church - in Dyffryn Ardudwy...
0:22:05 > 0:22:09- ..and the birds singing - in the trees outside.
0:22:09 > 0:22:12- There are lots of things like that.
0:22:14 > 0:22:16- # Blackbird
0:22:17 > 0:22:20- # On a silken wing
0:22:22 > 0:22:25- # Golden beak
0:22:26 > 0:22:28- # Silvered tongue #
0:22:29 > 0:22:34- And then you have - the more rock-inspired songs.
0:22:34 > 0:22:36- Evan Edward Lloyd.
0:22:43 > 0:22:48- There's a song on Steely Dan's - first album which goes like this.
0:22:55 > 0:22:57- It uses similar chords.
0:23:03 > 0:23:07- No-one else was using that chord - in Wales back in 1974.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11- # Blackbird... #
0:23:36 > 0:23:37- .
0:23:40 > 0:23:40- Subtitles
0:23:40 > 0:23:42- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:23:57 > 0:24:00- # There's a deep river of fog
0:24:00 > 0:24:03- # Cleansing the trees' bark
0:24:03 > 0:24:06- # And Evan Edward Lloyd
0:24:07 > 0:24:09- # Is twelve years old
0:24:10 > 0:24:13- # The world goes on around him
0:24:13 > 0:24:16- # And despite the long hot summer
0:24:16 > 0:24:18- # Today
0:24:19 > 0:24:22- # Is lost forever
0:24:32 > 0:24:35- # Wild waves in the grass
0:24:35 > 0:24:38- # Breaking over the meadow
0:24:38 > 0:24:41- # And the wind weaves pathways
0:24:42 > 0:24:44- # The foolish shepherd
0:24:45 > 0:24:48- # And despite the fog that descends
0:24:48 > 0:24:50- # Despite the shackles of the thorns
0:24:51 > 0:24:54- # Today
0:24:54 > 0:24:56- # Is lost forever
0:24:58 > 0:25:01- # No, no-no, no, no-no
0:25:01 > 0:25:04- # No
0:25:04 > 0:25:07- # Evan Edward Lloyd
0:25:07 > 0:25:12- # Ah, ah, ah, ah, ah-ah-ah #
0:25:12 > 0:25:16- I love the lyrics - to Evan Edward Lloyd, the young boy.
0:25:17 > 0:25:20- "Wild waves in the grass - Breaking over the meadow
0:25:20 > 0:25:24- "The wind weaves pathways, - The foolish shepherd."
0:25:24 > 0:25:25- It's wonderful.
0:25:25 > 0:25:27- Poorer work has won Crowns.
0:25:28 > 0:25:31- Though Endaf - doesn't regard himself as a poet...
0:25:31 > 0:25:33- ..he's certainly a lyricist.
0:25:34 > 0:25:38- I'm a little shy - about the lyrics to Salem...
0:25:38 > 0:25:40- ..because I'm not a poet.
0:25:40 > 0:25:43- I had a responsibility - to write decent lyrics.
0:25:44 > 0:25:46- I did the best I could at the time.
0:25:46 > 0:25:51- But I feel inadequate in that field, - to tell you the truth.
0:25:52 > 0:25:54- It'll be nice to meet a real poet.
0:26:01 > 0:26:03- Take a right turn.
0:26:04 > 0:26:08- We're heading to where - Ty'n y Fawnog once stood...
0:26:08 > 0:26:11- ..along the back road from Llanfair.
0:26:12 > 0:26:15- Unfortunately, - the house is no longer there.
0:26:15 > 0:26:19- What's left is not even a ruin.
0:26:19 > 0:26:23- She came to Ty'n y Fawnog - as a housekeeper.
0:26:24 > 0:26:27- Sian Owen was born - in Maes-y-garnedd in Cwm Nantcol.
0:26:29 > 0:26:33- Her face in the painting - is misleading.
0:26:34 > 0:26:37- According to local lore, - she was amiable and mild-mannered.
0:26:38 > 0:26:40- She was a cheerful character.
0:26:40 > 0:26:43- I think Ty'n y Fawnog...
0:26:44 > 0:26:46- ..was somewhere around here - on the left.
0:26:47 > 0:26:51- There's nothing left of it now - apart from thorns and brambles.
0:26:51 > 0:26:53- Ty'n y Fawnog is no more.
0:26:53 > 0:26:56- Ty'n y Fawnog is no more.- - It has vanished into the peat bog.
0:26:56 > 0:27:00- At best, I'm sure - it was a very damp place to live.
0:27:00 > 0:27:05- It probably wouldn't have been - a very cosy cottage.
0:27:06 > 0:27:09- In a moment - we'll be passing Ty'n y Buarth...
0:27:10 > 0:27:13- ..where sweet Laura used to live.
0:27:13 > 0:27:18- Ty'n y Buarth - is just here on the right.
0:27:18 > 0:27:22- On the right. There it is.
0:27:23 > 0:27:27- Her husband was a cobbler. - They kept a shop here.
0:27:27 > 0:27:32- They had a little oven where people - would come and bake bread.
0:27:32 > 0:27:35- My imagination ran away with me - in Laura's case.
0:27:35 > 0:27:39- The Laura in the song, - or rather, my perception of Laura...
0:27:40 > 0:27:44- ..is nothing like - the real Laura Williams.
0:27:45 > 0:27:47- I must apologize!
0:27:47 > 0:27:48- # Laura
0:27:50 > 0:27:52- # Whoa, Laura #
0:27:55 > 0:27:57- I hide behind the songs.
0:27:57 > 0:27:59- I'm not saying, "This is me."
0:27:59 > 0:28:02- I'm lurking in the background.
0:28:02 > 0:28:05- But many songs - evoke a sense of longing...
0:28:05 > 0:28:10- ..because, to all intents - and purposes, I'd been exiled.
0:28:14 > 0:28:18- We had to leave Pwllheli...
0:28:18 > 0:28:21- ..when I didn't really - want to leave.
0:28:21 > 0:28:25- I've always felt a great longing - for that area, the people...
0:28:25 > 0:28:27- ..and that way of life.
0:28:32 > 0:28:37- We're heading towards - Ffordd Garleg Goch to the left.
0:28:37 > 0:28:39- This is Ffordd Garleg Goch.
0:28:39 > 0:28:44- They used the word "carleg" - to describe a very rocky area.
0:28:44 > 0:28:46- The first thing I did...
0:28:46 > 0:28:50- ..was head to the library - to do some research.
0:28:51 > 0:28:53- I took the name from there.
0:28:54 > 0:28:56- It wasn't until many years later...
0:28:56 > 0:28:59- ..that I considered - it might have been a misprint.
0:29:00 > 0:29:02- I thought - it might have been carreg...
0:29:03 > 0:29:05- ..instead of carleg.
0:29:06 > 0:29:08- This is Carleg Goch's - grazing meadow.
0:29:09 > 0:29:13- Yes, this was Ffridd Garleg Goch, - and further up the hill...
0:29:14 > 0:29:18- ..would have been - William and Owen's smallholding.
0:29:19 > 0:29:21- Their sister kept house - for the two brothers.
0:29:21 > 0:29:24- One was a widower, - the other a bachelor.
0:29:24 > 0:29:29- I wrote Yn Yr Haf, - a song about summer.
0:29:29 > 0:29:33- I imagined - the two brothers farming.
0:29:33 > 0:29:37- In reality, - they did a little bit of everything.
0:29:37 > 0:29:40- They had a quarry - and they had a boat.
0:29:40 > 0:29:43- Yes, it was either a boat or a ship.
0:29:43 > 0:29:46- It's so different - from what I'd imagined.
0:29:46 > 0:29:48- # It's sunny in summer
0:29:49 > 0:29:51- # Summer is pleasant
0:29:52 > 0:29:56- # Down in Dyffryn Ardudwy
0:29:57 > 0:29:59- # It's oh, so pleasant #
0:30:01 > 0:30:03- We'll have a cuppa now.
0:30:04 > 0:30:07- ..as if we had - just come back from chapel.
0:30:07 > 0:30:10- How long would it take - to walk to chapel from here?
0:30:11 > 0:30:15- It would take around 20 minutes - to half an hour on foot.
0:30:15 > 0:30:16- Do you take sugar?
0:30:16 > 0:30:18- Do you take sugar?- - No, thanks.
0:30:18 > 0:30:21- Over in the grazing meadow...
0:30:22 > 0:30:24- Behind us...
0:30:24 > 0:30:28- ..is Cae'r Meddyg, - where Robat Williams lived.
0:30:29 > 0:30:33- He would have walked - through the woods to reach Salem.
0:30:33 > 0:30:38- There's a network - of small footpaths around here.
0:30:38 > 0:30:41- When you see the stile...
0:30:42 > 0:30:45- ..it's easy to imagine him - walking to chapel...
0:30:45 > 0:30:47- ..in his Sunday best...
0:30:48 > 0:30:50- ..to Salem Cefncymerau...
0:30:51 > 0:30:54- ..with his hymn book under his arm.
0:30:54 > 0:30:57- Sundays were peaceful days.
0:30:58 > 0:31:00- They were busy people.
0:31:00 > 0:31:04- Sunday was a tranquil time - to bow his head in prayer...
0:31:04 > 0:31:07- ..and let things pass him by.
0:31:07 > 0:31:13- The painting - encapsulates a peaceful era.
0:31:17 > 0:31:21- # I return to the painting
0:31:21 > 0:31:25- # That echoes old prayers
0:31:25 > 0:31:29- # In the early days of the century
0:31:29 > 0:31:34- # Salem #
0:31:34 > 0:31:36- I'm a native of Lleyn myself.
0:31:36 > 0:31:39- Endaf's music and his career...
0:31:39 > 0:31:45- ..from the time he left Lleyn - to work in Abbey Road inspired me.
0:31:45 > 0:31:47- He's a hero of mine.
0:31:47 > 0:31:50- He made me realize - that it is possible...
0:31:50 > 0:31:54- ..for someone from Wales - to succeed in the big city.
0:31:55 > 0:31:57- The choice of instruments...
0:31:57 > 0:32:00- ..and the standard of his playing - is exceptional.
0:32:01 > 0:32:06- He has inspired - countless Welsh musicians...
0:32:06 > 0:32:08- ..over the past 40 years.
0:32:08 > 0:32:12- # The river is our life
0:32:12 > 0:32:16- # The mill turns sometimes
0:32:17 > 0:32:20- # Large rocks come to demolish us
0:32:20 > 0:32:23- # Salem
0:32:24 > 0:32:27- # On the flat plains
0:32:28 > 0:32:31- # The flow of water slows
0:32:31 > 0:32:35- # And we'll hear the waves break
0:32:36 > 0:32:40- # On the beaches
0:32:41 > 0:32:43- # The course of every river ends
0:32:43 > 0:32:47- # But the water flows into the sea
0:32:48 > 0:32:51- # So too will our souls
0:32:52 > 0:32:56- # To Jerusalem
0:32:57 > 0:32:59- # We'll go to Salem
0:32:59 > 0:33:03- # Salem in the country
0:33:03 > 0:33:07- # We'll sing the old hymns
0:33:07 > 0:33:11- # We'll return to my father's home
0:33:12 > 0:33:17- # We'll go to Salem in the country
0:33:20 > 0:33:22- # We'll go to Salem #
0:33:22 > 0:33:22- .
0:33:24 > 0:33:24- Subtitles
0:33:24 > 0:33:26- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:33:29 > 0:33:31- Good afternoon.
0:33:31 > 0:33:33- How are you? Nice to meet you.
0:33:34 > 0:33:34- Hello, Catherine, how are you?
0:33:34 > 0:33:36- Hello, Catherine, how are you?- - Come in.
0:33:36 > 0:33:38- Thank you for the welcome.
0:33:38 > 0:33:41- Welcome to Cartref.
0:33:41 > 0:33:44- This is Sian Owen's original shawl.
0:33:44 > 0:33:46- Not the one in the painting.
0:33:47 > 0:33:50- I don't know - why Vosper wanted the other one.
0:33:50 > 0:33:53- Perhaps it was too delicate...
0:33:53 > 0:33:55- ..or too elaborate to paint.
0:33:56 > 0:33:59- Maybe this one - wasn't colourful enough.
0:33:59 > 0:34:02- People have criticized the attire...
0:34:02 > 0:34:06- ..saying that the clothes - weren't in keeping with the period.
0:34:07 > 0:34:12- What do you think they'd have worn - on a Sunday during that time?
0:34:12 > 0:34:14- Would they have worn hats?
0:34:14 > 0:34:15- Would they have worn hats?- - No.
0:34:15 > 0:34:21- They didn't dress like that in 1908, - early in the last century.
0:34:21 > 0:34:25- But that's how Sydney Curnow Vosper - wanted them to dress...
0:34:26 > 0:34:28- ..to portray a traditional Sunday.
0:34:28 > 0:34:34- He paid the subjects in the painting - sixpence an hour.
0:34:34 > 0:34:38- The hat belonged to the old lady - who lived in the chapel house.
0:34:39 > 0:34:43- Her name was Elin Edwards. - They each wore the hat in turn.
0:34:43 > 0:34:45- I see.
0:34:46 > 0:34:47- It was her hat...
0:34:48 > 0:34:50- ..that was used in the picture.
0:34:50 > 0:34:52- A traditional Welsh hat.
0:34:52 > 0:34:56- What's Llanbedr like nowadays?
0:34:56 > 0:35:00- You must have seen - a lot of change over the years.
0:35:00 > 0:35:02- Yes, we have.
0:35:02 > 0:35:05- Lots of English people - have moved in.
0:35:05 > 0:35:08- The chapel - only has five members now, Endaf.
0:35:09 > 0:35:11- It's heart-breaking.
0:35:11 > 0:35:16- The sad thing is, after our days, - there's no-one to take over...
0:35:16 > 0:35:18- ..and keep the place going.
0:35:19 > 0:35:23- It's not the painting we worship.
0:35:24 > 0:35:26- We go there to worship God.
0:35:27 > 0:35:29- And to keep the door open.
0:35:30 > 0:35:34- "When children of affliction - are seen in a different light."
0:35:34 > 0:35:36- Hymn number 253.
0:36:11 > 0:36:15- It's fitting - that the Salem painting...
0:36:15 > 0:36:18- ..is our focus this afternoon...
0:36:18 > 0:36:21- ..and the history - behind the picture.
0:36:22 > 0:36:26- For me personally, - that record by Endaf Emlyn...
0:36:26 > 0:36:32- ..brought the Salem painting to life - for the first time.
0:36:32 > 0:36:38- Before that, the painting - didn't mean that much to me.
0:36:38 > 0:36:40- I obviously knew about it.
0:36:41 > 0:36:44- I was familiar with it...
0:36:44 > 0:36:48- ..but I didn't think of it - at the time as iconic.
0:36:48 > 0:36:51- It didn't have - any deep significance.
0:36:52 > 0:36:58- # Owen Sion came from Carleg Goch
0:37:01 > 0:37:06- # With his brother, William Sion #
0:37:06 > 0:37:10- One of the things Endaf Emlyn did...
0:37:10 > 0:37:13- ..with the Salem anthology...
0:37:13 > 0:37:19- ..was bring the painting - and the tradition to life.
0:37:19 > 0:37:21- As a result...
0:37:21 > 0:37:26- ..it spurred me - to rediscover the picture...
0:37:26 > 0:37:29- ..and for the first time...
0:37:29 > 0:37:31- ..I could relate to it.
0:37:42 > 0:37:45- I think I was looking back...
0:37:45 > 0:37:48- ..and acknowledging - that we were moving on...
0:37:49 > 0:37:51- ..and leaving - that way of life behind.
0:37:52 > 0:37:55- There's a sense of longing - in the album...
0:37:55 > 0:37:59- ..for that wonderful - chapel upbringing I received...
0:37:59 > 0:38:01- ..and its subsequent decline.
0:38:01 > 0:38:04- It made me wonder - what would replace it.
0:38:04 > 0:38:08- # In the picture
0:38:08 > 0:38:11- # Are two hands praying
0:38:11 > 0:38:16- # At my bedside
0:38:16 > 0:38:20- # Every morning and night
0:38:20 > 0:38:23- # Their prayer is beautiful
0:38:23 > 0:38:28- # Though I cannot hear it #
0:38:28 > 0:38:33- You've awoken the children's - imagination with a picture...
0:38:34 > 0:38:37- ..that is more relevant to them - than anyone else...
0:38:37 > 0:38:40- ..since they're from the area.
0:38:40 > 0:38:42- Has it been fun?
0:38:42 > 0:38:47- I've enjoyed seeing them develop - the images that are so iconic.
0:38:47 > 0:38:51- Because I'm here - to lead the project...
0:38:52 > 0:38:54- ..they've visited the chapel.
0:38:54 > 0:38:59- Many of them hadn't been there, - though they had family ties.
0:38:59 > 0:39:04- Does the fact that the painting - was painted in their locality...
0:39:04 > 0:39:06- ..provide more inspiration?
0:39:06 > 0:39:09- The chapel itself is inspiring.
0:39:09 > 0:39:12- It's in such a picturesque setting.
0:39:13 > 0:39:16- The children are very sweet.
0:39:16 > 0:39:20- Their surroundings - influence their behaviour.
0:39:20 > 0:39:24- There are his eyes, - and then his nose and mouth.
0:39:26 > 0:39:29- And someone's there too.
0:39:29 > 0:39:30- Where?
0:39:30 > 0:39:31- Where?- - In the shawl.
0:39:32 > 0:39:34- Those are the eyes there. See?
0:39:34 > 0:39:38- Then there's the nose and the mouth.
0:39:51 > 0:39:54- # Oh, it's sunny
0:39:55 > 0:39:58- # Sunny in summer
0:39:58 > 0:40:00- # Over in Meirion
0:40:00 > 0:40:05- # And the silly seagulls - are on the glistening shores
0:40:06 > 0:40:09- # A butterfly
0:40:09 > 0:40:12- # Dances in the heat
0:40:12 > 0:40:15- # Golden cornfields
0:40:15 > 0:40:20- # The world - goes to the fair in summer #
0:40:23 > 0:40:27- It's been a really good experience - singing the song...
0:40:27 > 0:40:31- ..because Endaf Emlyn is from - the area, so it's been great.
0:40:32 > 0:40:37- It was also a great opportunity - to meet Endaf Emlyn personally.
0:40:37 > 0:40:39- It was a great experience.
0:40:39 > 0:40:41- # Owen Sion steaming
0:40:42 > 0:40:44- # And William his brother
0:40:44 > 0:40:47- # The sun attracts the flies
0:40:47 > 0:40:50- # But farm work - is hard in the summer
0:40:50 > 0:40:52- # In the summer
0:40:57 > 0:41:01- # Oh, it's sunny in summer
0:41:01 > 0:41:03- # The summer is pleasant
0:41:03 > 0:41:07- # Down in Dyffryn Ardudwy
0:41:07 > 0:41:11- # It's oh, so pleasant #
0:41:11 > 0:41:13- HE PLAYS THE ORGAN
0:41:25 > 0:41:30- The painting was made famous - by promoting the sale of soap.
0:41:30 > 0:41:33- There was nothing remarkable - about that.
0:41:34 > 0:41:39- Perhaps the album - and T Rowland Hughes' poem...
0:41:39 > 0:41:42- ..which came before the record...
0:41:42 > 0:41:46- ..enabled us to claim the painting - for ourselves...
0:41:46 > 0:41:50- ..and attach - our own significance to it.
0:41:50 > 0:41:54- It's not about selling soap - or cleanliness next to godliness.
0:41:55 > 0:41:59- It's a reflection - of the hardships in life...
0:41:59 > 0:42:01- ..where faith was a comfort...
0:42:02 > 0:42:07- ..and where worship brought people - together to help each other...
0:42:07 > 0:42:09- ..at a time when life was hard.
0:42:09 > 0:42:15- We've successfully - adopted the painting as our own.
0:42:17 > 0:42:20- I remember the picture - as a young boy.
0:42:20 > 0:42:24- There was that mystery - of the devil's face in the shawl.
0:42:24 > 0:42:26- But it wasn't important to me.
0:42:26 > 0:42:30- I didn't dream about it at night - or derive any delight from it.
0:42:31 > 0:42:35- On reflection, it was convenient - on a practical level.
0:42:35 > 0:42:37- It framed the work.
0:43:09 > 0:43:13- # The man from Cae'r Meddyg
0:43:13 > 0:43:17- # Follows the grain #
0:43:17 > 0:43:20- The Salem album - has followed me around...
0:43:20 > 0:43:22- ..in ways I never expected.
0:43:23 > 0:43:25- I couldn't have predicted...
0:43:25 > 0:43:29- ..that I'd be discussing - the album today.
0:43:32 > 0:43:35- I'm quite proud of that, - to be honest.
0:43:35 > 0:43:39- In this digital age, - where everything is in a file...
0:43:39 > 0:43:41- ..or on a hard drive somewhere...
0:43:41 > 0:43:45- ..it's nice to grab hold - of something tangible...
0:43:45 > 0:43:47- ..and say, "I did this."
0:43:49 > 0:43:52- # And so he farmed
0:43:52 > 0:43:56- # Close to the soil
0:43:57 > 0:44:01- # Depending on the seasons
0:44:01 > 0:44:04- # And when day turned to night #
0:44:04 > 0:44:08- We're celebrating - the painting's birthday...
0:44:08 > 0:44:11- ..and I'm also - celebrating a birthday.
0:44:11 > 0:44:18- I'm 70 this year, which is - both remarkable and unexpected.
0:44:18 > 0:44:21- # The man from Cae'r Meddyg
0:44:21 > 0:44:25- # Follows the grain #
0:44:25 > 0:44:31- It makes me think - about my own mortality and so on.
0:44:31 > 0:44:34- Strangely enough, - the song Evan Edward Lloyd...
0:44:34 > 0:44:37- ..is about a twelve-year-old boy...
0:44:38 > 0:44:42- ..although he's six - in the actual painting.
0:44:42 > 0:44:44- He's twelve in the song...
0:44:44 > 0:44:47- ..because I needed - an extra syllable in Welsh!
0:44:47 > 0:44:52- It took me back to Pwllheli - when I was twelve years old...
0:44:52 > 0:44:57- ..when the days and the summers - were never-ending...
0:44:58 > 0:45:00- ..and time was immaterial.
0:45:00 > 0:45:04- But, of course, - the clock is ticking...
0:45:04 > 0:45:07- ..like mayflies in spring...
0:45:07 > 0:45:11- ..which live for one day only - and then die.
0:45:11 > 0:45:15- The characters in the painting - have all died...
0:45:15 > 0:45:17- ..and so will we in time.
0:45:17 > 0:45:19- I sound like a preacher!
0:45:19 > 0:45:21- Why not? I'm in a chapel, after all.
0:45:22 > 0:45:28- # Amen #
0:45:33 > 0:45:38- # The night will come
0:45:40 > 0:45:45- # And the day fades away
0:45:48 > 0:45:51- # A full moon
0:45:51 > 0:45:54- # Watches over the world...
0:45:54 > 0:45:57- What's the date today?
0:46:02 > 0:46:06- # Goodnight, Sian
0:46:06 > 0:46:12- # And the amiable company - in the country
0:46:14 > 0:46:17- # Goodnight
0:46:17 > 0:46:20- # Goodnight
0:46:20 > 0:46:24- # We have to go #
0:46:29 > 0:46:34- It was a milestone - in the history of Welsh pop music.
0:46:34 > 0:46:36- No doubt about that.
0:46:38 > 0:46:40- All the songs...
0:46:40 > 0:46:44- ..when you look at the painting - and listen to the music...
0:46:45 > 0:46:47- ..gel together.
0:46:47 > 0:46:49- They're relevant to each other...
0:46:49 > 0:46:54- ..and relevant - to our history as Welsh people...
0:46:54 > 0:46:56- ..during that special era.
0:46:58 > 0:47:01- I think that Endaf...
0:47:02 > 0:47:05- ..is certainly - one of those people...
0:47:06 > 0:47:09- ..who has given - Welsh contemporary music a status.
0:47:09 > 0:47:14- He has set a standard - that's much higher than the norm.
0:47:17 > 0:47:20- # Sweet Laura
0:47:20 > 0:47:25- # The ships are in the bay
0:47:26 > 0:47:30- # Tugging on the chain
0:47:30 > 0:47:34- # And the tide's dragging its heels
0:47:34 > 0:47:37- # Down on the quay
0:47:40 > 0:47:44- # Ooh, sweet Laura
0:47:44 > 0:47:48- # The wind is filling their sails
0:47:49 > 0:47:53- # I'm setting sail
0:47:53 > 0:47:57- # I'll disappear over the horizon #
0:47:58 > 0:48:00- S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.
0:48:00 > 0:48:00- .