0:00:02 > 0:00:06I'm in Edinburgh - a city that's celebrating 70 years
0:00:06 > 0:00:08of its world-famous festivals.
0:00:08 > 0:00:10Welcome to Songs Of Praise.
0:00:32 > 0:00:34On this week's programme, I uncover the history
0:00:34 > 0:00:36of the Edinburgh Festival.
0:00:36 > 0:00:39How an idea to lift the gloom after the Second World War
0:00:39 > 0:00:43grew into the largest annual cultural event in the world.
0:00:44 > 0:00:48JB Gill from JLS finds out about the faith that drives
0:00:48 > 0:00:51gospel music legends The Blind Boys of Alabama,
0:00:51 > 0:00:54before they perform here in Edinburgh.
0:00:54 > 0:00:57And I'll be chatting to writer and comedian Paul Kerensa,
0:00:57 > 0:01:00to find out how faith and comedy come together.
0:01:00 > 0:01:03If you believe in a creator, you believe in creativity.
0:01:03 > 0:01:06This is one of the freest ways of using the
0:01:06 > 0:01:07creativity that I think is God-given.
0:01:15 > 0:01:19As the world's premier festival city, Edinburgh has offered
0:01:19 > 0:01:24an unparalleled creative showcase every year for seven decades.
0:01:24 > 0:01:27From the Military Tattoo to celebrations of comedy,
0:01:27 > 0:01:30film, dance, music and much more.
0:01:30 > 0:01:33The Edinburgh International Festival was the first of the
0:01:33 > 0:01:36festivals to be established, 70 years ago.
0:01:36 > 0:01:40Every year since then, there's been a service of prayer and
0:01:40 > 0:01:43praise here at St Giles' Cathedral to mark the beginning of this
0:01:43 > 0:01:44special time.
0:01:45 > 0:01:49All our hymns today are from Stockbridge Church,
0:01:49 > 0:01:52just a short walk from the city centre.
0:01:52 > 0:01:55It's a beautiful Georgian building and a popular venue for
0:01:55 > 0:01:57performances during the Fringe.
0:01:57 > 0:02:01And as people from all nations flock to Edinburgh's festivals,
0:02:01 > 0:02:05we begin with a hymn that bids all the world to sing
0:02:05 > 0:02:07in praise of God.
0:02:12 > 0:02:19# Let all the world in every corner sing... #
0:03:49 > 0:03:52Planning some of the world's largest cultural events
0:03:52 > 0:03:54is a huge undertaking.
0:03:55 > 0:03:59Julia Amour is part of the team who get the show on the road.
0:04:01 > 0:04:04The really exciting thing is this is not one festival
0:04:04 > 0:04:05but it's five festivals taking place
0:04:05 > 0:04:09in August and another six around the rest of the year.
0:04:09 > 0:04:13And now we have more attendances than at a Fifa Football World Cup.
0:04:16 > 0:04:18The original festival, the International Festival
0:04:18 > 0:04:21was born after the end of World War II.
0:04:21 > 0:04:24There's a wonderful phrase that the Lord Provost of the time used
0:04:24 > 0:04:26about it being a platform for the flowering of the human spirit
0:04:26 > 0:04:30and that's one of the values that we've hoped to carry through all
0:04:30 > 0:04:33this time in our 70th anniversary year.
0:04:33 > 0:04:36Do you sense the Festival has retained the
0:04:36 > 0:04:39spirituality that it was born with?
0:04:39 > 0:04:42Absolutely, I think those values are very important to it,
0:04:42 > 0:04:45and the Church of Scotland was very important
0:04:45 > 0:04:47to the establishment of the International Festival.
0:04:47 > 0:04:50It couldn't be born without being christened, I guess,
0:04:50 > 0:04:53and the minister of St Giles' said that this was
0:04:53 > 0:04:56a historic agreement between the city and the Church
0:04:56 > 0:04:58about the importance of arts and culture.
0:05:01 > 0:05:04The Edinburgh Fringe Festival is also celebrating its
0:05:04 > 0:05:0670th anniversary this year.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09It's now the world's largest arts festival and a
0:05:09 > 0:05:11launchpad for all sorts of performers.
0:05:14 > 0:05:16Paul Kerensa is a stand-up comedian and writer,
0:05:16 > 0:05:20whose credits include hit shows Miranda, Not Going Out
0:05:20 > 0:05:23and Top Gear. He's been performing his comedy here
0:05:23 > 0:05:26at the Edinburgh Fringe for more than 20 years.
0:05:26 > 0:05:29Paul, how does it feel? That moment when you're in the
0:05:29 > 0:05:32spotlight and all these people waiting to be entertained?
0:05:32 > 0:05:34Yeah, it's the calm before the storm, isn't it?
0:05:34 > 0:05:37That moment at the top of the rollercoaster,
0:05:37 > 0:05:39just before it comes down. I always think,
0:05:39 > 0:05:42with a comedian, a vicar, a teacher, you are the one person
0:05:42 > 0:05:44facing the wrong way - then you've just to prove
0:05:44 > 0:05:45that you should be here.
0:05:45 > 0:05:47It's... Give me a cheer if you're a parent.
0:05:47 > 0:05:49CHEERING
0:05:49 > 0:05:51Give me a cheer if you're not a parent.
0:05:51 > 0:05:54- CHEERING - Less of you, but more energy, more...
0:05:54 > 0:05:56- LAUGHTER - More joie de vivre...
0:05:56 > 0:05:58So what was it that attracted you to this?
0:05:58 > 0:06:00The masochistic way of life, in the first place?
0:06:00 > 0:06:03There was nothing left, really...
0:06:03 > 0:06:06So, I tried acting and it turns out I was best at being myself,
0:06:06 > 0:06:08I think, as an actor and I think stand-up -
0:06:08 > 0:06:10it is quite addictive...
0:06:10 > 0:06:12Once you've done it, you think, "Well, I have to keep going
0:06:12 > 0:06:15"with this." He is quite a big baby 9lb 11oz, he was...
0:06:15 > 0:06:16CROWD: Ooh...
0:06:16 > 0:06:19Ooh, yes. Mostly women are responding to that, I notice.
0:06:19 > 0:06:21It's great fun, there's nothing else like it.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24And at the same time, you've had a Christian faith -
0:06:24 > 0:06:26has that been a lifelong thing?
0:06:26 > 0:06:28Yeah, well, I've been a Christian since I was a teenager,
0:06:28 > 0:06:30really, but I also did a theology degree,
0:06:30 > 0:06:33so I had friends going off into vicarhood and that sort of thing
0:06:33 > 0:06:36and then I went the other way, to stand-up comedy.
0:06:36 > 0:06:38But I always think, if you believe in a creator,
0:06:38 > 0:06:41you believe in creativity and that, for me, is one of the freest
0:06:41 > 0:06:44ways of using the creativity that I think is God-given.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47You know, you're probably aware of the statistic that the Bible
0:06:47 > 0:06:49is the bestselling book in the world, of all time,
0:06:49 > 0:06:51which is fantastic. You know, it's the most shoplifted book
0:06:51 > 0:06:53of all time, as well, do you know this?
0:06:53 > 0:06:55It is the most stolen book...which is ironic,
0:06:55 > 0:06:57cos quite early on there is...
0:06:57 > 0:07:00It says, thou shalt not do that, but obviously they haven't
0:07:00 > 0:07:01got that far yet...
0:07:01 > 0:07:04There maybe historically has been that battle between
0:07:04 > 0:07:07people of a faith and comedy, you know? Can the two mix?
0:07:07 > 0:07:10And I think Jesus was using humour 2,000 years ago.
0:07:10 > 0:07:13I love to think there must be a tale to be told about the
0:07:13 > 0:07:16matey carpenter sort of background of someone like that.
0:07:16 > 0:07:19Sawdust in your friend's eye and a plank in your own.
0:07:19 > 0:07:22Even using carpentry language to get his point across.
0:07:22 > 0:07:24And that use of humour in storytelling
0:07:24 > 0:07:26is there, I think, in the Bible,
0:07:26 > 0:07:28just as it is here today.
0:07:32 > 0:07:35# Will you come and follow me? #
0:09:26 > 0:09:28As well as being a festival season, August is, of course,
0:09:28 > 0:09:31holiday time, believe it or not!
0:09:31 > 0:09:33Nowadays, there are many more options for what to do
0:09:33 > 0:09:36with your time off, including a brand-new way of
0:09:36 > 0:09:39exploring Britain's Christian heritage.
0:09:39 > 0:09:42JB Gill has been to Shropshire to try it out.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47I'm a huge lover of being outdoors and there's nothing better
0:09:47 > 0:09:51than pitching up a tent and having a great time in the countryside.
0:09:51 > 0:09:54But tonight, I'm trying camping with a difference.
0:09:56 > 0:09:58Ah, here we are, I'm going champing.
0:09:59 > 0:10:02Yes, that's camping in a church.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04Peter Aiers of The Churches Conservation Trust
0:10:04 > 0:10:07is the man behind the idea.
0:10:07 > 0:10:11Peter - camping inside a church?
0:10:11 > 0:10:12How did that come about?
0:10:12 > 0:10:16Well, we're a charity. We've got 352 historic churches
0:10:16 > 0:10:19that we look after and we were looking at different ways
0:10:19 > 0:10:22they can be used to raise money. Historic churches are for
0:10:22 > 0:10:25everybody. They're the most democratic of historic buildings,
0:10:25 > 0:10:28and it's really important that the spaces remain open,
0:10:28 > 0:10:31so this whole new audience are coming to our buildings
0:10:31 > 0:10:33and really enjoying them for what they are.
0:10:33 > 0:10:36Is anyone slightly apprehensive, as I am, of staying in a place
0:10:36 > 0:10:39- surrounded by a graveyard? - Well, it's not the graveyard
0:10:39 > 0:10:42you need to worry about here, I think it's the Roman soldiers
0:10:42 > 0:10:44that march past every night... No! I mean, the whole experience
0:10:44 > 0:10:48is really, really positive. They are such tranquil spaces.
0:10:48 > 0:10:51All the feedback is - what a beautiful, peaceful place.
0:10:56 > 0:10:59- So, here we are.- Wow, it's a beautiful church.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02What can people expect when they come champing?
0:11:02 > 0:11:06Well, we provide these very comfy, champing beds for you.
0:11:06 > 0:11:09You can see there's a hamper with some treats in there for you.
0:11:09 > 0:11:12We've got lanterns, we've got these amazing LED candles,
0:11:12 > 0:11:15they look just like real candles, but they don't set fire to
0:11:15 > 0:11:18the building or drop wax on our ancient stonework.
0:11:18 > 0:11:20It's a lot more luxurious than I did think it was going to be.
0:11:20 > 0:11:21Really? Oh, good.
0:11:21 > 0:11:23So, what sort of things are special to this church?
0:11:23 > 0:11:27Well, you're standing next to the best font in our collection
0:11:27 > 0:11:30of churches. This is made from a Roman column,
0:11:30 > 0:11:33a piece of Roman architecture, which has become the font.
0:11:34 > 0:11:37Do you want people to take away a deeper significance
0:11:37 > 0:11:39- of the churches that they stay in? - People come for lots
0:11:39 > 0:11:42of different reasons, and if you dwell in these buildings,
0:11:42 > 0:11:45you get a sense of what has been going on for generations.
0:11:48 > 0:11:51The Reverend David O'Brien is a vicar in the area.
0:11:51 > 0:11:54This church is no longer used for regular services.
0:11:54 > 0:11:57Do you think the building itself speaks about God?
0:11:57 > 0:11:59I think it does. The shape of the building,
0:11:59 > 0:12:02the stained glass windows, the baptistery, everything
0:12:02 > 0:12:05in the church is built to remind people of something about the
0:12:05 > 0:12:08Gospel of Jesus Christ. Christianity isn't just about going
0:12:08 > 0:12:10to services, it's about connecting with God.
0:12:10 > 0:12:14And although champing seems unusual, if it's a stepping stone
0:12:14 > 0:12:16for somebody to access the Christian faith,
0:12:16 > 0:12:18then I think it will be a good outcome
0:12:18 > 0:12:20and a good use for the church.
0:12:20 > 0:12:23KNOCKING ON DOOR
0:12:23 > 0:12:26I'm pleased to say, I'm not the only one sleeping here tonight.
0:12:27 > 0:12:29- Hello.- Hiya, you all right? I'm Sam.
0:12:29 > 0:12:30In you come.
0:12:32 > 0:12:34Well, I'm an outdoorsy person, myself, so I go hiking
0:12:34 > 0:12:37and camping with friends a lot, most weekends.
0:12:37 > 0:12:40And this just seemed like a really exciting thing to do.
0:12:49 > 0:12:53- Right, well, I guess that's lights out. Night, Sam.- Night.
0:12:55 > 0:12:58OWL HOOTS
0:13:00 > 0:13:03BIRDSONG
0:13:10 > 0:13:12- Morning, Sam.- Morning.
0:13:12 > 0:13:14- Well, we made it.- We did.
0:13:14 > 0:13:17- How did you find your night's sleep? - Pretty good, actually.
0:13:17 > 0:13:19It was a lot warmer than I thought it would be
0:13:19 > 0:13:23and it wasn't spookily quiet, as I thought it would be.
0:13:23 > 0:13:25Actually, it was just really peaceful.
0:13:25 > 0:13:27- I didn't hear anything go bump in the night.- No, me neither!
0:13:27 > 0:13:30Do you think people will take away more from this than
0:13:30 > 0:13:32- just a fun camping experience? - Absolutely, erm,
0:13:32 > 0:13:35I really hope that people, when they come champing,
0:13:35 > 0:13:37will be able to experience God in these wonderful,
0:13:37 > 0:13:40beautiful old churches. And I'd definitely recommend it
0:13:40 > 0:13:43for anybody that wants an experience and see what it's like.
0:13:43 > 0:13:45It's a great new adventure to try out.
0:13:48 > 0:13:52This is definitely THE most unsual place I've ever stayed,
0:13:52 > 0:13:54but it's also one of the most beautiful
0:13:54 > 0:13:57and having spent time here, you really get a sense
0:13:57 > 0:14:01of the worshippers who've been coming here for centuries.
0:14:01 > 0:14:03I might just be coming champing again.
0:14:12 > 0:14:16# The Lord's my shepherd... #
0:16:48 > 0:16:52If you've not yet got your tickets for The Big Sing,
0:16:52 > 0:16:54then what are you waiting for?
0:16:57 > 0:16:59For your chance to see the stars and join our
0:16:59 > 0:17:035,000-strong congregation at the Royal Albert Hall,
0:17:03 > 0:17:05please go along to our website...
0:17:10 > 0:17:13We owe a real debt to the men and women
0:17:13 > 0:17:17who wrote those great hymns that we so enjoy singing together.
0:17:17 > 0:17:20One of them was the Reverend Walter Chalmers Smith,
0:17:20 > 0:17:24who was a minister here in Edinburgh in the 19th century.
0:17:24 > 0:17:26He wrote Immortal Invisible.
0:17:35 > 0:17:42# Immortal, invisible, God only wise... #
0:20:03 > 0:20:06A quick drive across the Forth Road Bridge, and we're
0:20:06 > 0:20:09right away from the hustle and bustle of Edinburgh.
0:20:09 > 0:20:12This is Culross, one of the most picturesque and ancient
0:20:12 > 0:20:16villages in Scotland and one with a rich Christian history.
0:20:18 > 0:20:23CHORAL SINGING
0:20:23 > 0:20:25These are the ruins of Culross Abbey,
0:20:25 > 0:20:28founded exactly 800 years ago.
0:20:29 > 0:20:32Archaeologist Adrian Cox is here to tell me
0:20:32 > 0:20:35more about this once-magnificent Christian community.
0:20:36 > 0:20:40Adrian, help me to make sense of what we can see here.
0:20:40 > 0:20:43Well, we're inside a medieval abbey, a Cistercian abbey
0:20:43 > 0:20:46which had a number of buildings arranged around
0:20:46 > 0:20:49a cloister, which is up there above our heads.
0:20:49 > 0:20:52This would have been ringing to the sounds of bells
0:20:52 > 0:20:54and you would hear chanting and prayers
0:20:54 > 0:20:56and in a way, a monastery was like the university,
0:20:56 > 0:20:58the centre of learning of its day.
0:20:58 > 0:21:01Why was this abbey founded?
0:21:01 > 0:21:04Well, the site is connected with two very famous saints.
0:21:04 > 0:21:07The first is St Serf, who we think founded a religious
0:21:07 > 0:21:10community on this site, in the sixth century.
0:21:10 > 0:21:13He becomes very important, because washed up on the shoreline
0:21:13 > 0:21:17is a coracle which contains Princess Teneu.
0:21:17 > 0:21:20And she has been expelled from East Lothian by her father.
0:21:20 > 0:21:23And she's pregnant. And St Serf takes care of her
0:21:23 > 0:21:25and her newborn son.
0:21:25 > 0:21:28St Serf raised the boy in the ways of the Christian faith
0:21:28 > 0:21:33and he became St Kentigern, also known as St Mungo.
0:21:33 > 0:21:38St Mungo moves on to Glasgow and founds a religious community there
0:21:38 > 0:21:40and he is the patron saint of Glasgow.
0:21:42 > 0:21:47What was the daily life of the monks, as they lived here?
0:21:47 > 0:21:50They mostly focused on prayer. They also had some colleagues,
0:21:50 > 0:21:53some lay brothers who did all the manual work around the place,
0:21:53 > 0:21:55- it was very useful. - That's what we all need, isn't it?
0:21:55 > 0:21:58That's right, we all need that. In a way, their labour sort of freed
0:21:58 > 0:22:02up the time for the monks to focus on prayer and devotion to God.
0:22:04 > 0:22:06What's your personal sense of this place?
0:22:06 > 0:22:08Well, I always feel really privileged.
0:22:08 > 0:22:11We're very close to the church there, the church is
0:22:11 > 0:22:14still important and still in use and it's a very spiritual place,
0:22:14 > 0:22:18definitely. You can sort of feel the spirituality in the stonework
0:22:18 > 0:22:20around us, going back, you know, hundreds of years.
0:22:28 > 0:22:33# Spirit of God, unseen as the wind... #
0:24:44 > 0:24:47Music performers come to Edinburgh from all over the world.
0:24:47 > 0:24:50To meet one of this year's headline acts, we sent JB Gill,
0:24:50 > 0:24:53who of course, achieved worldwide fame himself
0:24:53 > 0:24:55as a member of the boyband JLS.
0:24:57 > 0:25:00I thought we'd done well, lasting five years in the cut-throat world
0:25:00 > 0:25:02of the music industry.
0:25:02 > 0:25:05But the group I'm about to meet have been releasing and
0:25:05 > 0:25:09performing songs for over seven decades.
0:25:09 > 0:25:11And I can't wait to meet them.
0:25:13 > 0:25:16Since they began singing together, The Blind Boys of Alabama
0:25:16 > 0:25:20have witnessed the Second World War, the Civil Rights Movement,
0:25:20 > 0:25:21the moon landings and much more.
0:25:22 > 0:25:25During that time, they've released over 60 albums
0:25:25 > 0:25:29and won six Grammys, including a Lifetime Achievement Award.
0:25:30 > 0:25:33Christianity is at the heart of their performances.
0:25:33 > 0:25:36- For Christ's sake, Amen.- Amen.
0:25:36 > 0:25:38Jimmy Carter is one of the founding members.
0:25:40 > 0:25:43Jimmy - absolute honour to meet you. We're here in Edinburgh,
0:25:43 > 0:25:45and you are at the end of a world tour.
0:25:45 > 0:25:47What is it that keeps you singing?
0:25:47 > 0:25:49People ask me that question -
0:25:49 > 0:25:53what is it that keeps me going? I tell them...
0:25:53 > 0:25:57when you love what you do, you know, it keeps you motivated.
0:25:57 > 0:26:00I've been doing this now all of my life.
0:26:05 > 0:26:07We sing gospel music.
0:26:07 > 0:26:11We tell the world about Jesus Christ.
0:26:11 > 0:26:13And that's our message.
0:26:13 > 0:26:16HE SINGS
0:26:16 > 0:26:20As a youngster, did you ever get frustrated or angry at God
0:26:20 > 0:26:23because of, you know, your lack of vision?
0:26:23 > 0:26:27- I asked him, uh... "I got five brothers..."- Hmm...
0:26:27 > 0:26:32"And all of them can see, except me. Why is that?"
0:26:32 > 0:26:37Now I know why. Because he knew that if I could have seen,
0:26:37 > 0:26:40I probably wouldn't be doing what I'm doing.
0:26:40 > 0:26:43# What you say? #
0:26:46 > 0:26:49You guys have been working so long in the music industry.
0:26:49 > 0:26:52What are some of the things that you feel have been
0:26:52 > 0:26:56- changed for the better?- We started out in the South, you know,
0:26:56 > 0:27:01- in the '40s.- Mm.- The South was segregated at that time.
0:27:01 > 0:27:03Very much so.
0:27:03 > 0:27:08And we weren't allowed to sing to white people, just blacks.
0:27:09 > 0:27:12Now, we sing to everybody. We got a long way to go yet
0:27:12 > 0:27:16- but...we have come a long way. - Absolutely.
0:27:16 > 0:27:19And I know you've performed in front of presidents...
0:27:19 > 0:27:21- Three of them, yeah. - There you go! Did you ever think
0:27:21 > 0:27:24that you'd perform in front of a black president?
0:27:24 > 0:27:25Never thought that, no.
0:27:25 > 0:27:28THEY LAUGH
0:27:29 > 0:27:31# I wanna be free... #
0:27:32 > 0:27:35And I know, first-hand, what it's like to perform
0:27:35 > 0:27:37and to sing onstage.
0:27:37 > 0:27:40What kind of feeling does it give you?
0:27:40 > 0:27:43If you come to a concert with The Blind Boys
0:27:43 > 0:27:47and go back the same way you came, then we haven't done
0:27:47 > 0:27:49anything for you...
0:27:50 > 0:27:53- # I feel like jumping - Jump, jump... #
0:27:53 > 0:27:57We try to make you feel what we feel
0:27:57 > 0:27:59and that's the goodness of God.
0:28:00 > 0:28:03And now here are The Blind Boys of Alabama performing
0:28:03 > 0:28:05Singing Brings Us Closer.
0:28:07 > 0:28:10# I remember when
0:28:12 > 0:28:16# My mother used to sing
0:28:17 > 0:28:24# Oh, the joy that her voice could bring
0:28:26 > 0:28:28# When I'm low
0:28:28 > 0:28:30# And I'm afraid
0:28:30 > 0:28:34# And I long to see her face
0:28:36 > 0:28:42# Singing brings her closer to me
0:28:45 > 0:28:48# When our brother travelled on
0:28:49 > 0:28:53# I said we have to carry on
0:28:54 > 0:29:01# Even though the path was dark to see
0:29:03 > 0:29:07# But I know he's here tonight
0:29:07 > 0:29:12# Cos I surely feel his light
0:29:12 > 0:29:20# Singing brings him closer to me
0:29:22 > 0:29:26# We gather here
0:29:26 > 0:29:30# Bring our old friend near
0:29:30 > 0:29:35# Oh, it brings us closer
0:29:35 > 0:29:40# Yes, it brings us closer
0:29:40 > 0:29:48# Singing brings us closer to thee
0:29:51 > 0:29:54# I look back on the days
0:29:54 > 0:29:58# The times seem, oh, so strange
0:29:58 > 0:30:05# Struggle and justice and despair
0:30:08 > 0:30:11# But we marched right through that harm
0:30:11 > 0:30:17# Joining voices, joining arms
0:30:17 > 0:30:25# Oh, singing brought us closer to free
0:30:27 > 0:30:31# Oh, it brings us closer
0:30:31 > 0:30:33# Yeah, yeah, yeah
0:30:33 > 0:30:36# It brings us closer
0:30:36 > 0:30:44# Singing brings us closer to thee
0:30:45 > 0:30:49# Oh, it brings us closer
0:30:49 > 0:30:54# Yes, it brings us closer
0:30:54 > 0:30:55# I know, I know
0:30:55 > 0:30:59# Singing brings us closer
0:30:59 > 0:31:03# To thee. #
0:31:05 > 0:31:09Next week, we celebrate the legacy of Diana Princess of Wales.
0:31:09 > 0:31:13Pam Rhodes meets a mum whose son met Diana when he was dying of Aids.
0:31:13 > 0:31:17And I discover the impact she made by shaking hands with
0:31:17 > 0:31:20leprosy patients in Nepal.
0:31:20 > 0:31:24She showed a real love of God to the people, by touching them
0:31:24 > 0:31:25and comforting them.
0:31:27 > 0:31:30We leave you with a hymn which was sung at that first Festival
0:31:30 > 0:31:34service, back in 1947. Until next time, goodbye.
0:31:36 > 0:31:42# Almighty Father of all things that be... #