0:00:00 > 0:00:00- 888
0:00:00 > 0:00:02- 888- - 888
0:00:08 > 0:00:10- 888
0:00:13 > 0:00:15- 888
0:00:20 > 0:00:22- 888
0:00:26 > 0:00:29- Hello and welcome - to Straeon Tafarn...
0:00:29 > 0:00:32- ..with me, the thirsty wanderer, - Dewi Pws Morris.
0:00:35 > 0:00:40- It's a real challenge - to tour Wales, visiting pubs...
0:00:40 > 0:00:44- ..meeting interesting people, - learning some history...
0:00:44 > 0:00:49- ..seeing the sights - and performing with the band.
0:00:49 > 0:00:52- It's a hard life - not!
0:00:55 > 0:00:58- One of my childhood memories...
0:00:58 > 0:01:01- ..is of cycling - to Gelliwastad mountain.
0:01:02 > 0:01:06- We enjoyed having a picnic - and meeting various characters...
0:01:07 > 0:01:10- ..such as Owain Glyndwr and Llywelyn.
0:01:10 > 0:01:14- You're imagination ran wild - on top of Gelliwastad mountain.
0:01:14 > 0:01:19- # Nobody lives - on Gelliwastad mountain #
0:01:20 > 0:01:25- Gelliwastad mountain - leads the way to Swansea.
0:01:28 > 0:01:32- Have you ever wondered why locals - are called Swansea Jacks?
0:01:33 > 0:01:36- There are three explanations.
0:01:36 > 0:01:42- First, the local miners - called their lunch boxes jacks.
0:01:42 > 0:01:47- Second, they called the sailors - in the docks Jack Tars.
0:01:48 > 0:01:52- However, I like the story - about a dog named Swansea Jack.
0:01:52 > 0:01:55- If someone fell into the water - in the bay...
0:01:55 > 0:01:58- ..they'd tie a rope - around Swansea Jack...
0:01:59 > 0:02:02- ..and he'd swim out - to save them from drowning.
0:02:02 > 0:02:04- I like that story.
0:02:05 > 0:02:08- I wouldn't mind being called - a Swansea Jack for that reason.
0:02:09 > 0:02:12- I'm visiting the town's - old maritime quarter...
0:02:12 > 0:02:15- ..that has undergone - a radical transformation.
0:02:15 > 0:02:21- As a child living in Treboeth, - a Marina was an old banger.
0:02:21 > 0:02:23- How times have changed!
0:02:23 > 0:02:26- However, the Queen's Hotel - is still open...
0:02:26 > 0:02:30- ..and is one of the docks' - oldest establishments.
0:02:32 > 0:02:38- Historian John Bwlchllan - had arrived before me.
0:02:38 > 0:02:43- He sounded like the president - of the National Jacks Party.
0:02:43 > 0:02:45- In the early 19th century...
0:02:45 > 0:02:48- ..there were 10,000 people - living in Swansea.
0:02:48 > 0:02:52- Cardiff had 1,800 residents - and resembled a village!
0:02:52 > 0:02:56- In the mid 19th century, - 32,000 lived in Swansea...
0:02:56 > 0:02:58- ..and 18,000 in Cardiff.
0:02:58 > 0:03:03- If you had asked someone in 1850 - what the capital of Wales was...
0:03:03 > 0:03:06- ..they'd definitely - have said Swansea.
0:03:06 > 0:03:11- The first English and Welsh weekly - papers were published in Swansea...
0:03:11 > 0:03:14- ..and Wales's first daily newspaper.
0:03:14 > 0:03:19- The Royal Institute of South Wales - was also established here.
0:03:22 > 0:03:26- This area produced 75% - of Britain's copper...
0:03:26 > 0:03:29- ..and 50% of the world's copper - came here.
0:03:30 > 0:03:33- Wooden vessels were used - in the early 19th century.
0:03:33 > 0:03:36- They would rot in salty sea water.
0:03:36 > 0:03:39- They were protected - with a layer of copper...
0:03:39 > 0:03:42- ..hence the phrase copper-bottomed.
0:03:42 > 0:03:46- The copper came from Swansea, - which was the commercial centre.
0:03:47 > 0:03:51- Swansea has a wealth - of early 19th century architecture.
0:03:51 > 0:03:54- There's nothing to match this - in Cardiff.
0:03:54 > 0:03:58- This is the birthplace - of modern Wales...
0:03:58 > 0:04:01- ..and the Queen's - was at the heart of it.
0:04:01 > 0:04:05- Goodness me, John makes me feel - so proud of the place!
0:04:05 > 0:04:10- I could have spent all day with him, - but David Jenkins was waiting.
0:04:11 > 0:04:15- He was ready to enlighten me - on the town's maritime history.
0:04:15 > 0:04:18- Swansea is a very old port.
0:04:18 > 0:04:23- It had been a major coal exporter - long before Cardiff.
0:04:23 > 0:04:27- The River Tawe - cut through layers of coal.
0:04:28 > 0:04:32- They could literally shovel coal - onto boats from the shore...
0:04:32 > 0:04:35- ..and sail off towards north Devon!
0:04:35 > 0:04:39- The 18th century - witnessed the influx of industries.
0:04:39 > 0:04:43- The founder of Morriston, - Richard Morris...
0:04:43 > 0:04:47- ..developed the first copperworks - in Llangyfelach.
0:04:47 > 0:04:52- Copper ore was imported - from Cornwall and Parys Mountain.
0:04:52 > 0:04:56- There was a wonderful mix - of people here during that period...
0:04:57 > 0:04:59- ..from Anglesey chaps - to Cornishmen.
0:05:00 > 0:05:03- There would have been - a fantastic mix of people here.
0:05:03 > 0:05:07- The area was originally - referred to as the Burrows.
0:05:08 > 0:05:11- Some wanted to develop Swansea - into a tourist area...
0:05:11 > 0:05:14- ..with bathing machines - and so on...
0:05:14 > 0:05:17- ..but industry prevailed.
0:05:17 > 0:05:22- The Marquis of Bute - owned the dock area in Cardiff.
0:05:23 > 0:05:26- He demanded the opening - of Cardiff docks in 1839.
0:05:27 > 0:05:30- Swansea didn't have such a figure, - so they formed a committee.
0:05:31 > 0:05:34- When the Welsh form a committee, - there's no hope!
0:05:34 > 0:05:39- The North Dock - eventually opened in 1851.
0:05:39 > 0:05:42- It was the first dock - to open in Swansea.
0:05:42 > 0:05:46- The second dock was built in 1859 - where the marina is today.
0:05:47 > 0:05:50- They imported copper ore - into the North Dock...
0:05:50 > 0:05:54- ..and exported coal - from the South Dock.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58- This story is remarkable.
0:05:58 > 0:06:02- Why didn't I know this - about my birthplace?
0:06:03 > 0:06:05- There's also more information...
0:06:06 > 0:06:10- ..about the Welsh dominating - the oceans of the world.
0:06:12 > 0:06:17- By the mid 19th century, there was - a shortage of Welsh copper ore.
0:06:17 > 0:06:23- They looked further afield - and travelled to Cuba and Chile.
0:06:23 > 0:06:28- It was the era of the Swansea Cape - Horners who sailed around the Horn.
0:06:29 > 0:06:33- It took a year to export coal - and collect copper ore from Chile.
0:06:34 > 0:06:35- There were no docks.
0:06:35 > 0:06:39- The coal was unloaded - and carried to shore in small boats.
0:06:39 > 0:06:42- They then collected the copper ore.
0:06:42 > 0:06:46- They didn't see - dear Swansea town for a year.
0:06:46 > 0:06:51- The Queen's must have been a great - place to be during this busy period.
0:06:51 > 0:06:55- Imagine being a young sailor - who's been away at sea for a year.
0:06:56 > 0:07:01- You've got a pocket full of money, - so you're going to go mad with it!
0:07:01 > 0:07:05- Manon Eames is a regular here - and has come to tell me more.
0:07:05 > 0:07:11- Where there are sailors, - there are girls to entertain them.
0:07:11 > 0:07:13- Yes, I understand!
0:07:13 > 0:07:18- There's a Swansea saying, "You'll - have to go on the museum steps."
0:07:19 > 0:07:24- These girls took their clients - to the museum steps.
0:07:25 > 0:07:27- That was their place of work.
0:07:27 > 0:07:33- Apparently, in an attempt - to look respectable...
0:07:33 > 0:07:37- ..they didn't bargain openly - with the customers.
0:07:37 > 0:07:42- They wrote their rates - on the soles of their feet.
0:07:42 > 0:07:48- The girls would raise their feet - at the bar to face the sailors.
0:07:48 > 0:07:52- There were prostitutes - for captains...
0:07:52 > 0:07:58- ..and for the various ranks - of sailors in the pub.
0:07:58 > 0:08:03- The sailors collected their wages - from offices based in the docks.
0:08:03 > 0:08:07- Sailors stayed on land - for several weeks or months.
0:08:08 > 0:08:14- They would collect their wages - from here and spend it at the pub.
0:08:14 > 0:08:20- I've got a great family story - to tell you.
0:08:20 > 0:08:25- My partner's grandmother - lived in Sandfields.
0:08:25 > 0:08:31- Her husband was a trawlerman - and spent a lot of time in the pub.
0:08:31 > 0:08:34- She had already thrown his dinner - over him in the pub.
0:08:35 > 0:08:39- He simply laughed at her, - but her next plan was fantastic.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42- They had nine children in total.
0:08:42 > 0:08:46- In a fit of rage, she collected - the children's shoes...
0:08:47 > 0:08:52- ..and threw the 18 shoes - directly at him in the pub.
0:08:52 > 0:08:55- Shoes were flying everywhere - - fantastic!
0:08:56 > 0:08:59- I hope that doesn't happen to me!
0:08:59 > 0:09:02- I wonder what happened to this bear?
0:09:02 > 0:09:04- Before they decided to stuff me...
0:09:04 > 0:09:08- ..David told me - about the management in the dock.
0:09:08 > 0:09:12- The Richardson family - moved here from Sunderland.
0:09:12 > 0:09:16- The Baths came from Falmouth - and there were Welshmen too.
0:09:16 > 0:09:20- The Harris brothers - lived at Pembroke Buildings...
0:09:20 > 0:09:24- ..having moved from Dinas - in Fishguard in the 1870s.
0:09:25 > 0:09:29- They established - a shipping company in 1881.
0:09:29 > 0:09:34- Their steam boats - transported anthracite coal.
0:09:35 > 0:09:38- I'm glad to hear - that there were Welsh managers.
0:09:39 > 0:09:41- The docks must have been - a hive of activity.
0:09:42 > 0:09:45- The place was full of characters.
0:09:45 > 0:09:50- It was a vibrant area with - a lot of activity and foreigners.
0:09:54 > 0:09:58- A foreigner who left his mark - on the docks and pub...
0:09:58 > 0:10:03- ..in an unfortunate manner was - the South African Zulu, Thomas Allen.
0:10:06 > 0:10:09- Thomas Allen was sitting here...
0:10:09 > 0:10:13- ..then put his pint down and told - the landlord that he would return.
0:10:14 > 0:10:16- He strolled out into the night.
0:10:17 > 0:10:22- He met a local girl on the street - and made a deal with her.
0:10:23 > 0:10:28- She told him to follow her back - to her room at the Gloucester Hotel.
0:10:28 > 0:10:30- But she didn't turn up.
0:10:30 > 0:10:32- So, he waited...
0:10:32 > 0:10:34- ..and waited...
0:10:34 > 0:10:36- ..and waited.
0:10:37 > 0:10:42- Then, he heard voices from outside - the door and hid under the bed.
0:10:43 > 0:10:49- It wasn't the local girl, - so Thomas Allen stayed under the bed.
0:10:51 > 0:10:57- He fell asleep, but then woke - in darkness and struck a match.
0:10:57 > 0:11:01- The landlord of the Gloucester - was in the bed with his wife.
0:11:02 > 0:11:07- He attacked Thomas Allen, who killed - the landlord with a razor and fled.
0:11:08 > 0:11:10- Thomas was caught.
0:11:10 > 0:11:15- The landlord of the Queen's spoke - favourably about him in court...
0:11:15 > 0:11:19- ..and said that he wouldn't - murder anyone intentionally.
0:11:20 > 0:11:23- However, the jury disagreed.
0:11:23 > 0:11:28- Allen was a foreign black man and - the landlord was a popular local.
0:11:29 > 0:11:34- In April 1889, Thomas Allen - was sentenced to be hanged.
0:11:35 > 0:11:40- A rowdy crowd of 2,000 spectators - gathered here to watch.
0:11:45 > 0:11:50- The Zulu murderer whose pint - remains on the bar at the Queen's.
0:11:51 > 0:11:51- .
0:11:56 > 0:11:56- 888
0:11:56 > 0:11:58- 888- - 888
0:12:00 > 0:12:03- Touring Wales with the band - is a great excuse to meet people...
0:12:04 > 0:12:06- ..and hear stories - from different areas.
0:12:07 > 0:12:10- One iconic poet from Swansea - cannot be ignored...
0:12:11 > 0:12:14- ..especially in a series - about pub stories.
0:12:14 > 0:12:16- Dylan Thomas - - a true Swansea Jack.
0:12:17 > 0:12:21- He drank in all the city's pubs, - including the Queen's.
0:12:21 > 0:12:23- I can hear him now.
0:12:23 > 0:12:27- "Do not go gentle - into that good night.
0:12:28 > 0:12:33- "Rage, rage against - the dying of the light."
0:12:34 > 0:12:36- He sounds like a happy person!
0:12:36 > 0:12:38- During World War II...
0:12:38 > 0:12:43- ..many areas around Swansea - were heavily bombed by the Germans.
0:12:43 > 0:12:49- Dylan wrote about the shock - of returning home to the destruction.
0:12:49 > 0:12:52- "It was a cold white day - in the High Street..."
0:12:53 > 0:12:57- "..and nothing to stop the wind - slicing up from the docks.
0:12:57 > 0:13:03- "For where the squat and tall shops - shielded the town from the sea...
0:13:03 > 0:13:07- "..lay their blitzed flat graves - marbled with snow."
0:13:10 > 0:13:16- # Rose-red sky above the snow
0:13:16 > 0:13:22- # Where bombed Swansea is alight #
0:13:22 > 0:13:26- I was 21 years old at the time - and remember it well.
0:13:27 > 0:13:33- On the Wednesday night of the blitz, - I attended Dinas Noddfa chapel.
0:13:33 > 0:13:38- The chapel is located - near the Liberty Stadium.
0:13:39 > 0:13:43- It was surrounded - by works and factories.
0:13:43 > 0:13:48- The young people's meeting - started at 8.00pm.
0:13:48 > 0:13:52- As we started to sing, - the air raid siren was sounded.
0:13:52 > 0:13:55- Everyone quickly moved - to the deacons room.
0:13:55 > 0:13:59- It was more or less underground.
0:13:59 > 0:14:03- We could hear the aeroplanes - coming from afar.
0:14:03 > 0:14:08- They sounded heavy and you knew - that they were full of bombs.
0:14:08 > 0:14:12- The falling bombs - made a frightful screeching noise.
0:14:13 > 0:14:16- We waited quietly - to hear where the bombs dropped.
0:14:22 > 0:14:28- You must consider that the town's - surface area was 40 acres.
0:14:28 > 0:14:34- The Germans dropped 1,200 - explosive bombs on the town...
0:14:34 > 0:14:40- ..including an incredible - 56,000 incendiary bombs.
0:14:41 > 0:14:44- You wouldn't expect - much of the town to be standing.
0:14:45 > 0:14:49- I stood on the road in Ynysmeudwy.
0:14:49 > 0:14:52- I was able to look down - towards the river...
0:14:52 > 0:14:57- ..the works in Pontardawe, - the Mond and towards Swansea.
0:14:57 > 0:15:02- What I witnessed - was beyond comprehension.
0:15:02 > 0:15:07- I could hear the bombers - flying over me en route to Swansea.
0:15:07 > 0:15:13- We heard that a bomb had hit Hafod.
0:15:14 > 0:15:19- John Phillip worked in the area, - so we decided to send someone there.
0:15:19 > 0:15:25- My father, Uncle Frank - and Emrys Davies went down there.
0:15:26 > 0:15:30- They returned an hour later - to say that he had been killed.
0:15:30 > 0:15:34- My father broke the news - of his death.
0:15:35 > 0:15:37- We didn't go to bed that night.
0:15:38 > 0:15:42- It was a horrific period.
0:15:42 > 0:15:47- They wanted to bomb - residential areas.
0:15:47 > 0:15:50- The explosions - illuminated the entire town.
0:15:51 > 0:15:56- Maybe this is why the head - of the RAF, Bomber Harris...
0:15:56 > 0:16:02- ..took revenge on Germany - for causing this mass destruction.
0:16:03 > 0:16:08- Over a course of three nights - back in 1941...
0:16:08 > 0:16:14- ..Swansea was bombed - for a total of 72 hours.
0:16:14 > 0:16:19- It can only be compared - to the London Blitz.
0:16:19 > 0:16:21- Why did this happen?
0:16:22 > 0:16:26- If the Germans wanted to crush - the spirit of Swansea...
0:16:27 > 0:16:29- ..then they made a big mistake.
0:16:30 > 0:16:34- The sympathy and compassion - that permeated Swansea...
0:16:34 > 0:16:37- ..was beyond all recognition.
0:16:39 > 0:16:45- The Queen's was one of the few places - that wasn't bombed.
0:16:45 > 0:16:48- The war introduced a new clientele - to the Queen's.
0:16:49 > 0:16:51- They were the GI Joes from America.
0:16:52 > 0:16:55- The one story - that I like to believe...
0:16:55 > 0:16:59- ..is that Rocky Marciano - started his boxing career here.
0:16:59 > 0:17:02- Many places in Swansea - make this claim...
0:17:02 > 0:17:05- ..but I believe - that it started at the Queen's.
0:17:05 > 0:17:09- He was a GI who was stationed here - just before D-Day.
0:17:09 > 0:17:14- While in the bar, he was challenged - by three Australians.
0:17:15 > 0:17:17- He floored the three of them...
0:17:17 > 0:17:21- ..and discovered - that he had a talent for boxing.
0:17:21 > 0:17:26- The authorities - disapproved of pub brawls...
0:17:26 > 0:17:29- ..and were about - to sack him from the army.
0:17:29 > 0:17:35- The general didn't want to lose - a lorry driver for D-Day.
0:17:35 > 0:17:40- They needed all of their soldiers, - so they kept him on.
0:17:40 > 0:17:46- Rocky made a career out of boxing - and become world-famous.
0:17:46 > 0:17:52- He's the only heavyweight - who never lost a bout.
0:17:52 > 0:17:55- In later life, - he said boxing was barbaric.
0:17:55 > 0:17:59- Rocky returned to Swansea - because he liked the laver bread.
0:17:59 > 0:18:01- He arrived on the Mumbles train.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05- It was the oldest passenger railway - that closed in 1960...
0:18:06 > 0:18:09- ..so he visited between the end - of the war and 1960.
0:18:09 > 0:18:14- The world was changing, - including Swansea.
0:18:14 > 0:18:18- After World War II, people used - more electricity and less coal.
0:18:19 > 0:18:22- It was domestic coal - rather than coal for industry.
0:18:22 > 0:18:26- It was a widespread deterioration...
0:18:26 > 0:18:30- ..that was also felt - in the tin and alcan industries.
0:18:31 > 0:18:37- At one stage, many local companies - exported smaller freight.
0:18:37 > 0:18:40- Britain's most reputable - shipping companies...
0:18:40 > 0:18:45- ..such as Blue Funnel, - Harrisons and Anchor Line...
0:18:45 > 0:18:50- ..carried cargos of tinplate - to distribute across the world.
0:18:50 > 0:18:53- However, the industry - has now deteriorated.
0:18:54 > 0:18:57- A proportion of coal - is still exported from Swansea.
0:18:58 > 0:19:01- Last week, a ship docked here - and it was loading coal.
0:19:02 > 0:19:07- Swansea is no longer recognized - as an important dock in South Wales.
0:19:08 > 0:19:10- It's surprising - how so much has changed...
0:19:11 > 0:19:15- ..since the days of cargo ships - and destruction of the war.
0:19:15 > 0:19:18- But was so much change necessary?
0:19:19 > 0:19:24- That's all from the Treboeth old boy. - I've got a gig to play.
0:19:24 > 0:19:29- My song for the Queen's pays tribute - to characters from the past...
0:19:29 > 0:19:32- ..and one or two from the future!
0:19:33 > 0:19:36- # Good health to you, gentlemen
0:19:36 > 0:19:39- # Come and see - whether the wine is good
0:19:39 > 0:19:42- # Good health to you, gentlemen
0:19:42 > 0:19:44- # Come and see - whether the wine is good
0:19:44 > 0:19:48- # Come and see, oh, la, la,
0:19:48 > 0:19:50- # Come and see - whether the wine is good
0:19:51 > 0:19:54- # Come and see, oh, la, la
0:19:55 > 0:19:58- # Come and see if the wine is good
0:19:58 > 0:20:02- # We'll drink a dozen bottles - before the night is over
0:20:02 > 0:20:08- # We'll drink a dozen bottles - before the night is over - huh!
0:20:08 > 0:20:11- # Before the night, oh, la, la
0:20:11 > 0:20:14- # Before the night is over
0:20:14 > 0:20:18- # Before the night, oh, la, la
0:20:18 > 0:20:20- # Before the night is over
0:20:20 > 0:20:26- # Don't tell the deacons - in case we get thrown out
0:20:27 > 0:20:31- # Don't tell the deacons - in case we get thrown out - huh!
0:20:31 > 0:20:34- # In case we, oh, la, la
0:20:34 > 0:20:37- # In case we get thrown out
0:20:37 > 0:20:41- # In case we, oh, la, la
0:20:41 > 0:20:43- # In case we get thrown out
0:20:44 > 0:20:48- # Bury me in the wine cellar - where the wine is good
0:20:49 > 0:20:53- # Bury me in a wine cellar - where the wine is good - hoy!
0:20:54 > 0:20:56- # In a wine cellar, oh, la, la
0:20:57 > 0:21:00- # In a wine cellar - where the wine is good
0:21:00 > 0:21:03- # In a wine cellar, oh, la, la
0:21:04 > 0:21:06- # In a wine cellar - where the wine is good
0:21:06 > 0:21:11- # Put my feet by the wall to rest - and my head under the tap
0:21:11 > 0:21:17- # Put my feet by the wall to rest - and my head under the tap
0:21:18 > 0:21:20- # Put my head, oh, la, la
0:21:20 > 0:21:23- # Put my head under the tap
0:21:23 > 0:21:26- # Put my head, oh, la, la
0:21:26 > 0:21:29- # Put my head under the tap
0:21:29 > 0:21:34- # On my grave you can write
0:21:35 > 0:21:39- # Here lies the biggest drunkard ever
0:21:39 > 0:21:43- # On my grave you can write
0:21:44 > 0:21:47- # Here lies the biggest drunkard ever
0:21:48 > 0:21:51- # Here lies, oh, la, la
0:21:52 > 0:21:53- # Here lies the biggest drunkard
0:21:54 > 0:21:57- # Here lies, oh, la, la
0:21:57 > 0:22:00- # Here lies the biggest drunkard
0:22:00 > 0:22:03- # Here lies, oh, la, la
0:22:03 > 0:22:06- # Here lies the biggest drunkard
0:22:06 > 0:22:09- # Here lies, oh, la, la
0:22:10 > 0:22:15- # Here lies the biggest drunkard #
0:22:15 > 0:22:17- CHEERS AND APPLAUSE
0:22:17 > 0:22:19- CHEERS AND APPLAUSE- - Thank you very much.
0:22:21 > 0:22:24- I enjoyed that gig.
0:22:25 > 0:22:27- "In the Queen's, - sweat ran down my back
0:22:27 > 0:22:29- "Among the Welsh and the Jacks
0:22:29 > 0:22:32- "There was plenty of cheer, - a good deal of beer
0:22:33 > 0:22:35- "And everyone enjoyed the craic."
0:22:37 > 0:22:39- Goodnight.
0:22:39 > 0:22:40- Altogether now!
0:22:41 > 0:22:46- # Lleucu Llwyd, - you are beautiful
0:22:46 > 0:22:51- # Lleucu Llwyd, - you're worth the world to me
0:22:51 > 0:22:56- # Lleucu Llwyd, you're an angel
0:22:56 > 0:23:02- # Lleucu Llwyd, - I love you, you, you #
0:23:10 > 0:23:12- S4C subtitles by Tinopolis
0:23:12 > 0:23:12- .