18/02/2016

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:00:00. > :00:07.This is Business Live from BBC News with Ben Thompson and Aaron

:00:08. > :00:16.Reshaping Britain's relationship with the European Union -

:00:17. > :00:19.businesses on tenterhooks as leaders of the world's biggest trading bloc

:00:20. > :00:21.gathering in Brussels to try to hammer out a deal.

:00:22. > :00:23.Live from London, that's our top story on Thursday

:00:24. > :00:49.Trade figures from Japan shows exports falling

:00:50. > :00:52.again, squeezed by China's waning appetite for its goods.

:00:53. > :00:54.Is it yet more evidence that the country's Abenomics

:00:55. > :01:00.And higher education and lower prices.

:01:01. > :01:04.We'll get the inside track on cut-price university courses.

:01:05. > :01:06.As the University of the People delivers online teaching

:01:07. > :01:10.without the heavy cost, we'll find out how it works.

:01:11. > :01:13.And since it's a topic we just can't escape here in the UK -

:01:14. > :01:16.the Business battles over Brexit - so we want to know what do

:01:17. > :01:22.Would British business be better off in or outof the European Union?

:01:23. > :01:35.You can't have failed to notice the clamour and excitement

:01:36. > :01:44.European leaders prepare for a summit today on the future

:01:45. > :01:49.For the UK Prime Minister, David Cameron, that means fighting

:01:50. > :01:51.for changes to the way the region is run.

:01:52. > :01:54.It's a big deal for companies, who all want certainty in a time

:01:55. > :02:01.So amid all this Brexit chatter - what do businesses really think?

:02:02. > :02:04.Those wanting to stay in the EU, claim trade and productivity

:02:05. > :02:10.Then there's growth - French bank Societe Generale says

:02:11. > :02:13.leaving the EU could "reduce British economic growth,

:02:14. > :02:22.And that could hurt the currency, Japanese bank Nomura believes

:02:23. > :02:24."the pound could fall 10 to 15% if overseas investors

:02:25. > :02:31.The voices that want out of the EU club, such as leading figures

:02:32. > :02:35.in the Commonwealth, have cited immigration

:02:36. > :02:37.as an obstacle, saying they face difficulties employing people

:02:38. > :02:43.And small business groups complain about "EU red tape" and want rules

:02:44. > :02:47.that unfairly impact small business liberalised.

:02:48. > :02:50.Others, like white goods manufacturer Ebac, said the UK

:02:51. > :02:55.needed its own trade policy to strike deals with growing

:02:56. > :03:03.Professor Nigel Driffield, Strategy and International Business

:03:04. > :03:09.at Warwick Business School, joins us from there,

:03:10. > :03:11.and David Buik from market commentator Panmure Gordon

:03:12. > :03:24.Let me start with Nigel. Good to have you. Viewers around the world

:03:25. > :03:24.watching this they perhaps are starting to

:03:25. > :10:27.What is more expensive! Bad news from Japan - exports have fallen for

:10:28. > :10:29.a fourth straight month. The value of country's exports fell by 12.9%

:10:30. > :10:36.in January from a year earlier. Ali Moore is in Singapore for us. I can

:10:37. > :10:42.only imagine with all of the other bad news that Japan has been

:10:43. > :10:46.injuring, they do need this like a hole in the head and policymakers

:10:47. > :10:51.must be struggling to reignite the world's third biggest economy? This

:10:52. > :10:55.is the biggest fall in annual exports since the financial crisis.

:10:56. > :11:03.No surprise that it has been put down to weaker demand from China,

:11:04. > :11:10.one of the key trading partners, exports fell by 17.5%. Another

:11:11. > :11:13.headache for policymakers. On Monday we find out that the economy in

:11:14. > :11:19.Japan is shrinking again. Partly because of a very big demand --

:11:20. > :11:27.decline in consumption, the central bank pushing interest rates below

:11:28. > :11:35.zero, there are not many tools left, remarkably, investors seem sanguine,

:11:36. > :11:52.the Nikkei closed up by more than 2%. Thank you very much. We can show

:11:53. > :11:55.you those numbers. Tokyo shares closed up more than 2% higher today,

:11:56. > :11:58.bouncing back from losses to extend a global rally fuelled by a surge in

:11:59. > :12:00.oil prices. And Yesterday European markets saw some of their best gains

:12:01. > :12:03.so far this year, as financial stocks and commodity prices soared,

:12:04. > :12:12.led by that gain in crude oil prices. Last night's Fed minutes may

:12:13. > :12:14.well have helped, too - they showed that policymakers are cautious about

:12:15. > :12:25.a deterioration in financial conditions around the world. Another

:12:26. > :12:26.factor weighing on the Fed was the response of Chinese policymakers and

:12:27. > :12:32.what they'll do about slowing growth. Michelle Dewberry has the

:12:33. > :12:36.details of the day ahead on Wall Street. If you had to pick one

:12:37. > :12:39.company whose performance stands as a measure for all of the consumer

:12:40. > :12:43.sector in America you could do worse than Walmart, the world's biggest

:12:44. > :12:47.bricks and mortar chain Alyce annual earnings on Thursday and it is

:12:48. > :12:52.possible they would show the first decline in revenue for 25 years. It

:12:53. > :12:56.is not expected to be by much and the company still rakes in nearly

:12:57. > :13:03.500 billion dollars every year. But the profits are also expected to

:13:04. > :13:09.slip slightly. However, shares have been rising in recent months as

:13:10. > :13:14.investors improve the cost-cutting measures and its attempts to lay

:13:15. > :13:19.claim to online shopping. Also out tomorrow, weekly job figures which,

:13:20. > :13:28.as always, will capture plenty of investor attention. We can stay with

:13:29. > :13:32.the markets. Joining us is Brenda Kelly, Head Analyst at London

:13:33. > :13:42.Capital Group.. And happy birthday. Thank you for coming in on Europe

:13:43. > :13:48.birthday! Bonjour? I am trying to keep the European theme going! We

:13:49. > :13:55.were talking about oil, we thought yesterday that Iran will not listen

:13:56. > :14:01.to that freezing. With all of those agreed freezes. We thought Iran will

:14:02. > :14:08.not do that give us the update, Russia says no? They say they will

:14:09. > :14:12.not necessarily keep it frozen in 2016 so we have record levels of oil

:14:13. > :14:16.being pumped by these countries and freezing them is one thing but

:14:17. > :14:19.ultimately demand is not there and over the next couple of years we

:14:20. > :14:25.will see demand for oil dropping back considerably so with supply

:14:26. > :14:32.still very much front and foremost, it is looking very shaky for oil

:14:33. > :14:36.prices to consider -- maintain. The reason for the jump was the weekly

:14:37. > :14:40.inventory which is lower than expected but that could just be one

:14:41. > :14:44.weekly point that we do not depend on, the real driver is supplied,

:14:45. > :14:50.which is high, although possibly frozen, and demand is weakening and

:14:51. > :14:54.China is one of the biggest slowing down economies and that is one of

:14:55. > :15:01.the reasons behind lower demand. Yesterday, the minutes from the Fed,

:15:02. > :15:06.they give packed on the markets. We can see what is happening already.

:15:07. > :15:12.Yesterday there was a big boost for the US markets and Asian markets

:15:13. > :15:18.from what we heard from the Fed. Yes, the fact that there are

:15:19. > :15:23.different headwinds, not necessarily just domestic, preventing this hike

:15:24. > :15:26.in interest rates. We have seen something of a balanced but we are

:15:27. > :15:30.still in this tightening all Aussie when it comes to the Federal Reserve

:15:31. > :15:34.so any up the news might well make them rollback on what they said at

:15:35. > :15:38.the last meeting. And we could well see interest rate hikes in the next

:15:39. > :15:43.year but the market is not pressing anything. It is pressing a cut from

:15:44. > :15:50.the Federal Reserve, albeit a small probability. That would mean a big

:15:51. > :15:51.change in the picture. He must come back and take us through the papers.

:15:52. > :16:04.Higher education, lower price. We will see you shortly.

:16:05. > :16:07.We meet the firm offering university courses for a fraction of the price

:16:08. > :16:10.And it's aiming for students in the developing world.

:16:11. > :16:12.We look at the rise of online learning -

:16:13. > :16:15.can you really get higher education at rock bottom prices?

:16:16. > :16:23.You're with Business Live from BBC News.

:16:24. > :16:25.There has been a sharp fall in profits at Centrica,

:16:26. > :16:33.But it's a different story for British Gas itself.

:16:34. > :16:42.Our industry correspondent John Moylan has the details.

:16:43. > :16:55.They up, down, can you explain it? British Gas is the residential arm

:16:56. > :17:01.of Centrica and profits soared at ?574 million, the best performance

:17:02. > :17:05.since 2014. The two main reasons the company are stating is that the

:17:06. > :17:09.customers used more gas in 2015. Temperatures at the beginning of

:17:10. > :17:13.2015 were more normal whereas the previous year they had been slightly

:17:14. > :17:18.milder so customers used less gas. The second thing is that the company

:17:19. > :17:22.has to insulate people's homes, the equal scheme the Government insisted

:17:23. > :17:30.on, and the cost of that were less than the previous year. However, I

:17:31. > :17:33.sat down in front of the boss of Centrica, Iain Conn, and put to him

:17:34. > :17:37.that surely this is because the companies have not been passing on

:17:38. > :17:43.the big pitfalls we have seen in gas to customers over the past few

:17:44. > :17:49.years. This is what he had to say. Because we buy some of our gas and

:17:50. > :17:54.head of time, her cost of gas is down 24% -- our cost. People need to

:17:55. > :17:59.remember nearly 60% of the bill is not the actual commodity, and as a

:18:00. > :18:04.result our costs have come down just over 10% and we reduced prices --

:18:05. > :18:07.reduced prices by 10% last year. Furthermore we made a third

:18:08. > :18:10.production at the end of this year making a total of 14% so we really

:18:11. > :18:20.are trying to pass everything onto the consumer to be as competitive as

:18:21. > :18:22.we can be. Profit up at British Gas but down at the parent company,

:18:23. > :18:25.Centrica, which has been really hit by the falling global oil and gas

:18:26. > :18:28.prices and it also has a lot of pirate stations and the price of

:18:29. > :18:32.power, electricity, has fallen in the UK as well. As always, thanks,

:18:33. > :18:47.our industry correspondent there. The number of UK homes worth more

:18:48. > :18:50.than ?1 million, set to triple by 2030. Look at that. That is just

:18:51. > :18:56.yours? Yeah right! Unbelievable. In or out - we're not talking

:18:57. > :19:09.about the hokey kokey. European leaders are in Brussels

:19:10. > :19:13.to try to agree a deal on key reforms, that will ultimately decide

:19:14. > :19:16.whether Britain stays or leaves Full coverage of that across the BBC

:19:17. > :19:19.today. Now - if you've been

:19:20. > :19:21.to university or college - But many believe such an education

:19:22. > :19:28.should be available for all, And one man has set up the first

:19:29. > :19:34.non-profit, tuition Shai Reshef, founded

:19:35. > :19:41.the University of the People. Its open to students around

:19:42. > :19:44.the world and currently has more than 3000 students

:19:45. > :19:50.from 180 countries. It's not completely free, however -

:19:51. > :19:53.there is a small charge for most students, with a payment of $100

:19:54. > :19:57.for the exam processing fee. And it's already attracting

:19:58. > :19:59.the high-calibre staff with academics from Harvard,

:20:00. > :20:09.Stanford and Yale. And Unesco estimates

:20:10. > :20:11.that by the year 2025, there will be

:20:12. > :20:13.98 million young people seeking seats in universities that don't

:20:14. > :20:15.physically exist. Shai Reshef, president and founder

:20:16. > :20:25.of University of the People, Shai, great to have you with us in

:20:26. > :20:28.the studio. This is amazing that the first question that comes to your

:20:29. > :20:34.mind looking at the numbers, how do you make money? We don't. It is

:20:35. > :20:38.nonprofit, however we rely on everything free on the Internet,

:20:39. > :20:42.open source technology, open educational resources and

:20:43. > :20:46.volunteers. We have 4000 professors who jumped on board to help achieve

:20:47. > :20:50.our mission and as such we are able to beat tuition free. Moreover, by

:20:51. > :20:58.the end of this year we are sustainable -- be tuition free. You

:20:59. > :21:04.are not for profit, but I mean it must take money to run what you are

:21:05. > :21:10.offering. Yes, as I said, we are going to be sustainable but until

:21:11. > :21:14.that point we are supported by foundations, with many great

:21:15. > :21:18.individuals and corporations standing behind us to make it

:21:19. > :21:22.happen. If I fancied a change of career and came to you and I wanted

:21:23. > :21:28.to study to be an astrophysicist or something... What would it cost me?

:21:29. > :21:33.What would I need to subscribe to, to pay, to join the University? We

:21:34. > :21:36.only offer a business administration...

:21:37. > :21:41.LAUGHTER However, as I said, $100 per exam,

:21:42. > :21:48.$100 a year for the students who study full-time. How does that

:21:49. > :21:50.compare with cost around the world? We know that depending where you

:21:51. > :21:56.study the cost can be very different. Give us sense of how that

:21:57. > :22:01.compares? That is a good question. Compared to the USA, it might be

:22:02. > :22:05.about 1% of the cost, in other countries it varies, and a fraction

:22:06. > :22:08.of the cost here in the UK. In other countries, however, I think the most

:22:09. > :22:18.important thing to say is it is a remission that no one will be left

:22:19. > :22:20.behind for financial reasons and as such we offer scholarships who

:22:21. > :22:22.cannot afford even this amount. Yes, I wanted to ask about that. Speaking

:22:23. > :22:26.about developing countries as well. $1000 is still a lot of money for

:22:27. > :22:29.many people, particularly in developing countries full stop what

:22:30. > :22:33.opportunities do you have four people their? We have scholarships.

:22:34. > :22:38.It is our aim that no student should be left behind for financial reasons

:22:39. > :22:45.and we have scholarships to enable students to go. Right now, I mean,

:22:46. > :22:50.lately we announced 500 scholarships for Syrian refugees. We have

:22:51. > :22:53.scholarships for different genders, nationalities and different cultures

:22:54. > :22:59.who need help and we bring them to study with ours. Tuition free. It is

:23:00. > :23:08.really nice to see. I am sorry time is against us. But good luck with

:23:09. > :23:09.it. An amazing system. Shai, the founder of the University Of The

:23:10. > :23:13.People. Lets take a quick look

:23:14. > :23:16.at the stories making business The Wall Street Journal has

:23:17. > :23:19."Overproduction Swamps Smaller Chinese Cities,

:23:20. > :23:20.Revealing Depth of Crisis". Above a photo of stored

:23:21. > :23:22.cement mixer bodies, it says that Beijing had hoped that

:23:23. > :23:25.smaller Chinese cities would help drive the expansion of the middle

:23:26. > :23:29.class and sustain economic growth. The New York Times says the battle

:23:30. > :23:33.between Apple and law enforcement officials over unlocking

:23:34. > :23:34.a terrorist's smartphone is the culmination of a turning

:23:35. > :23:37.of the tables between the technology And the Daily Telegraph claims

:23:38. > :23:41.new research shows home sellers lose out on thousands of pounds

:23:42. > :23:43.if properties lack 'kerb appeal'. It says what people need

:23:44. > :23:46.to do is tidy the garden, Brenda Kelly, head analyst

:23:47. > :24:02.at London Capital Group, Where shall we start? Let's start

:24:03. > :24:06.with this amount. China three years prior to a year ago, the use more

:24:07. > :24:13.cement than all of the native state of the 20th century. That is not the

:24:14. > :24:17.case? It is not the case, and certainly the way China has been

:24:18. > :24:21.restructuring its economy it has been trying to reorganise our lot of

:24:22. > :24:24.the rural parts of it and create a more reformed middle-class, building

:24:25. > :24:28.itself from within rather than depending on exports but because of

:24:29. > :24:31.the cheap credit and the fact there has been overproduction domestically

:24:32. > :24:37.it has created a slowdown in growth in China. A very interesting story

:24:38. > :24:43.here based on small city, which is ultimately seeing slower growth at

:24:44. > :24:48.the moment. Did you know that China actually provides 80% of the global

:24:49. > :24:56.supply of shiitake mushrooms? Which I did not know! No! There you go.

:24:57. > :25:01.They are trying to provide growth because there are so many other

:25:02. > :25:04.growers in the sector, and it is producing havoc. The smaller farmers

:25:05. > :25:09.are starting to feel the bite so the global slowdown is starting to get

:25:10. > :25:14.into regular people's lives. Let top national obsession, global

:25:15. > :25:23.obsession. House prices. This statistic. You stand to lose this

:25:24. > :25:28.money if you do not keep up, and if you have a BMW in the drive? Yes,

:25:29. > :25:33.people prefer a mini Cooper or something. They don't like BMWs. I

:25:34. > :25:37.don't know why. There must be some kind of connotation to owning a BMW.

:25:38. > :25:41.You could lose up to 20% of the value of your house if you do not

:25:42. > :25:46.pay the upper around it. That makes sense to an extent but 20% is a huge

:25:47. > :25:52.amount for just one thing that of paint on the door and weeding run

:25:53. > :25:55.the front. But this amounts up to about ?100,000 loss. Wonderful

:25:56. > :25:58.stuff. Happy birthday again. Thank you for coming in.

:25:59. > :26:02.There will be more business news throughout the day on the BBC Live

:26:03. > :26:05.webpage and on World Business Report.